I. Research on the following charts and diagrams.

1. OPERATIONS PROCESS CHART

Description: An operation process chart provides the chronological sequence of all operations
and inspections that occur in a manufacturing or business process. It also shows materials used and
the time taken by operator for different elements of work. Generally a process chart is made for full
assembly, that is, it shows all the operations and inspections that occur from the arrival of raw material
to the packaging of the finished product.

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2. FLOW PROCESS CHART

Description: A flow process chart is used for recording greater detail than is possible in an
operation process chart. It is made for each component of an assembly rather than for the whole
assembly.
 A flow process chart shows a complete process in terms of all the elements of work. There are
two main types of flow charts: product or material type, and the operator type. The product type records
the details of the events that occur to a product or material, while the operator flow chart details how a
person performs an operational sequence.

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3. TWO-HANDED PROCESS CHART

Description: It is a motion study where the motions are analyzed in performing an activity. The
aim of this investigation is to eliminate or reduce the unwanted motion to minimum and to arrange the
best of motions in a possible sequence. Two handed process chart is also known as Left and Right
Hand process chart.

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4. MULTIPLE ACTIVITY CHART

Description: Multiple activity charts are the process charts using a time scale. It usually comes
in picture when work study man wants to record the activities of one subject with respect to other on a
single chart. Subject may be the worker, machine or equipment.
Worker-Machine process chart and gang process chart fall in the category of multiple activity
charts. A worker-machine chart is used for recording and analyzing the working relationship between
operator and machine on which he works. It is drawn to time scale. Analysis of the chart can help in
better utilization of both worker and machine time. The possibility of one worker attending more than
one machine is also sought from the use of this chart.
A gang process chart is similar to worker-machine chart, and is used when several workers
operate one machine. The chart helps in exploring the possibility of reducing both the operator time and
idle machine time.

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5. MICRO MOTION CHART
Description: Micro motion study is the technique of recording and analyzing the timing of basic
elements of an operation with the objective of achieving the best method of performing the operation. It
is best suited for those operations or activities which are of short duration and which are repeated
hundreds of time. These are the operations or motions which require very small time and it is quite
difficult to measure time for these motions accurately and the time required by these motions cannot be
neglected due to repetitive operations.

Illustration:

SIMO Chart:
 Therbligs:

6. FLOW DIAGRAM

Description: Flow diagram is a collective term for a diagram representing a flow or set of
dynamic relationships in a system. The term flow diagram is also used as a synonym for flowchart, and
sometimes as a counterpart of the flowchart. Flow diagrams are used to structure and order complex
system, or to reveal the underlying structure of the elements and their interaction.

Illustration:
7. STRING DIAGRAM

Description: String diagram is one of the useful and simplest techniques of method study. It
can be defined as a scale model on which a thread is used to trace the path or movements of man and
materials during a specified sequence of events. It can also be stated that string diagram in a special
form of flow diagram
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