FLUIDS, BUOYANCY, AND ARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLE

Daniel Dandi Wicaksono

195060107111050

BRAWIJAYA UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

2020
1. FLUID DEFINITION

Fluid is defined as any substances that can flow and alter it’s shape according to it’s
container. This is caused by the nature of it’s particle that can roam freely. Unlike solid
matter liquid and gasses does not have a fixed form therefore they are classified as fluids

2. FLUID DENSITY

Every fluid has a density which is measured by mass

per volume

3. BUOYANCY

Buoyancy is an upward force on an object exerted by the surrounding fluids.

When an object pushes the water, the water pushes
back as much as it can. This counteract force is called
the buoyant force. For example if you push a beach
ball under the water it will be difficult because of the
buoyant force counteract the applied force
As Archimendes said “a submerged object
will experience a buoyant force equal to the weight
of the displaced fluid.” This is what we later called as
the Archimedes Principle. It means the buoyant force

will support the object if the object is less dense than the fluid in another word the weight
of the object is less than the weight of the displaced fluid. Therefore if the water can push
back as hard the object will float, if not the object will sink.
 This explained why a cruise ship can float in the ocean. Tough the steel is very
dense but the air inside the cabin is not. So overall the ship’s density is less than the
density of the water it displaced.

Archimedes is also the first to understand that when an object is submerged in

water, the volume of the water displaced must equal to the volume of the object
submerged, regardless of the object’s shape. For that reason when an object with 5mL
volume is fully submerged it will caused the surface of the water level rise to 5mL than
before
 References

 Dr. C. Caprani 2007, Fluid Mechanics 2nd Year Civil & Structural Engineering
 Prashant S. Minz 2013, Fluid Mechanics
 Wikipedia 2020, Archimedes’s principle, viewed in 17 march 2020,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/archimedes%27 principle
 Professor Dave Explains 2017, Fluids, Buoyancy, and Archimedes’s Principle, Professor
Dave Explains, viewed in 17 march 2020, https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=16HDJNoXQII