What Is MPLS L3 VPN - How To Configure

2/21/2020 What is MPLS L3 VPN ? How to configure?
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MPLS L3 VPN
What is MPLS L3 VPN ? How to con gure?

by Internetworks January 17, 2020
We already discus what is MPLS and LDP in the previous sections. In this section we will see what is MPLS L3
VPN? And what are VRF (virtual routing forwarding), Rd (route-distinguisher), RT (route-target) and how to
con gure MPLS L3 VPN in service provider network.
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https://mpls.internetworks.in/2020/01/what-is-mpls-l3-vpn-how-to-configure.html 1/24
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In MPLS Layer 3 the service provider will participate in routing with the customers. The customers will run
static, OSPF, EIGRP, BGP or any other routing protocol with the service provider; these routes can be shared
with other sites of the customers.
In VPN routing information from one customer is completely separated from other customers and tunneled
over the service provider MPLS network.
What is VRF (virtual routing forwarding)?
Virtual routing forwarding VRF provides a way for us to con gure multiple routing instances on our router. We
use multiple routing tables. Each customer of the service provider will use a different VRF. VRF keep customer
traf c and routing separate utilize the same hardware. Without VRF we need to use ACL ltering to keep traf c
segregated.
What is Rd (route-distinguisher?)

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Route-distinguisher is used to convert a client non-unique 32-bit address into a unique 96-bit vpnv4 address, to
enable transport between PE routers and the resulting address is a vpnv4 address. RD is locally signi cant to a
router. VRF is not operational unless you con gure an RD.
We can use any value we want but we use the ASN:NN format where ASN means the service provider’s AS
number and NN is a number we pick that identi es the site of the customer. Each VRF in a PE router must have a
unique RD.
RT (Route-Target)
Is a 64-bit extended BGP community that is attached to aVPNv4 BGP route to indicate its VPN membership?
Any number of RTs can be attached to a single route.
Export RTs
Identi es the VPN member to which the associated VRF belongs to.
2. Are attached to a client’s route, when it is converted into a VPNv4 route.
Import RTs
1. Import RT is used to select which VPNv4 router are to be inserted into which VRF tables.
2. on the receiving PE router, a route is imported into a VRF only if at least one RT attached to the route
matches at least one import RT con guration in that VRF.
Let see the con guration:-
Topology:

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GOAL:
 Con gure the topology as per the diagram
 assign IP addresses as per the topology
 `con gure OSPF area 0 inside MPLS SP core.
 con gure MPLS LDP inside the MPLS SP core
 con gure MPLS Labels (99-199, 200-399, 400-499)
 con gure VRF a-1 on ( router 1) and VRF a-2 on (router 3)
 con gure RD and RT value 100:1 both sites
 con gure router 4 CE under VRF a-1 and router 5 VRF a-2
 con gure routing between PE and CE using static routing
 make sure PE and CE routers can ping

 con gure VPNv4 between PE routers.
 redistribute static routing in to BGP under VRF
 make sure CEs routers able to ping .
R1(con g)#Interface fastethernet 0/0
R1(con g-if)#Ip address 10.1.1.1 255.0.0.0
R1(con g-if)#No shutdown
R1(con g-if)#Exit
R1(con g)#Interface serial 3/0


R1(con g-if)#Exit Get Button
R1(con g)#Interface loopback 0

R1(con g-if)#Exit
R1(con g-if)#Exit
R1(con g-if)#Exit
R1(con g-if)#Exit

R3(con g-if)#Exit

R2(con g-if)#No keepalive
R2(con g-if)#Exit

R2(con g-if)#Exit

R2(con g-if)#Exit

R2(con g-if)#Exit
R2(con g-if)#Exit
R2(con g-if)#Exit
R2(con g-if)#Ip address 192.168.23.1 255.255.255.0 
R2(con g-if)#Exit
Get Button

R3(con g-if)#Exit

R3(con g-if)#Exit
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R3(con g-if)#Exit

R3(con g-if)#Exit
R3(con g-if)#Exit
R3(con g-if)#Exit
R3(con g-if)#Exit

R4(con g-if)#Exit

R4(con g-if)#Exit

Get Button

R5(con g-if)#Exit

R5(con g-if)#Exit
R1#show ip interface brief

Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 10.1.1.1 YES manual up up
Serial3/0 1.1.1.1 YES manual up up
Loopback0 192.168.10.1 YES manual up up



Loopback0 192.168.40.1 YES manual up up 
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R1(con g)#router ospf 1

R1(con g-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
R1(con g-router)#end


R1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface

192.168.33.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:38 3.3.3.1 Serial3/2
192.168.23.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:31 1.1.1.2 Serial3/0

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192.168.13.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:33 1.1.1.1 Serial3/0
192.168.33.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:30 2.2.2.2 Serial3/1

192.168.23.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:31 2.2.2.1 Serial3/1
192.168.13.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:37 3.3.3.2 Serial3/2
R1(con g)#ip cef
R1(con g)#mpls label protocol ldp

R1(con g)#mpls label range 99 199
R1(con g)#mpls ldp router-id loopback 0
R1(con g)#end
R1(con g)#interface serial 3/0

R1(con g-if)#mpls ip
R1(con g-if)#exit

R1(con g-if)#exit
R2(con g)#ip cef

R2(con g)#end

R2(con g-if)#exit

R2(con g-if)#exit
R3(con g)#ip cef 

Get Button

R3(con g)#end

R3(con g-if)#exit

R3(con g-if)#exit
R1(con g)#ip vrf a-1

R1(con g-vrf)#rd 100:1
R1(con g-vrf)#route-target import 100:1
R1(con g-vrf)#route-target export 100:1
R1(con g-vrf)#exit
R3(con g)#ip vrf a-2

R3(con g-vrf)#rd 100:1
R3(con g-vrf)#route-target both 100:1
R3(con g-vrf)#exit
R1#show ip vrf
Name Default RD Interfaces
a-1 100:1 Fa0/0
R3#show ip vrf
Name Default RD Interfaces
a-2 100:1 Fa0/0
R1#show ip vrf detail

VRF a-1 (VRF Id = 1); default RD 100:1; default VPNID <not set>
Interfaces:
Fa0/0
VRF Table ID = 1
Export VPN route-target communities
RT:100:1
Import VPN route-target communities
RT:100:1 
No import route-map
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No global export route-map

No export route-map
VRF label distribution protocol: not con gured
VRF label allocation mode: per-pre x
R3#show ip vrf detail

VRF a-2 (VRF Id = 1); default RD 100:1; default VPNID <not set>
Interfaces:
Fa0/0
VRF Table ID = 1
Export VPN route-target communities
RT:100:1
Import VPN route-target communities
RT:100:1
No import route-map
No global export route-map
No export route-map
VRF label distribution protocol: not con gured
VRF label allocation mode: per-pre x
R1#show run | section vrf

ip vrf a-1
rd 100:1
route-target export 100:1
route-target import 100:1

ip vrf a-2
rd 100:1
R3(con g)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

R3(con g-if)#ip vrf forwarding a-2
R3(con g-if)#ip address 30.1.1.1 255.0.0.0
R3(con g-if)#exit
R1(con g)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

R1(con g-if)#ip vrf forwarding a-1
R1(con g-if)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.0.0.0
R1(con g-if)#exit
R4(con g-if)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.1 
Get Button
R5(con g)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 30.1.1.1
R3(con g)#ip route vrf a-2 192.168.50.1 255.255.255.255 30.1.1.2

R3(con g)#end
R1(con g)#ip route vrf a-1 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.255 10.1.1.2

R1(con g)#end
R1(con g)#router bgp 65001

R1(con g-router)#no bgp default ipv4-unicast
R1(con g-router)#neighbor 192.168.30.1 remote-as 65001
R1(con g-router)#neighbor 192.168.30.1 update-source loopback 0
R1(con g-router)#address-family VPNv4 unicast
R1(con g-router-af)#neighbor 192.168.30.1 activate
R1(con g-router-af)#neighbor 192.168.30.1 send-community extended
R1(con g-router-af)#neighbor 192.168.30.1 next-hop-self
R1(con g-router-af)#end
R1(con g)#interface loopback 0

R1(con g-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R1(con g-if)#exit
R3(con g)#interface loopback 0

R3(con g-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R3(con g-if)#exit

R1(con g-router)#address-family ipv4 vrf a-1
R1(con g-router-af)#redistribute static
R1(con g-router-af)#redistribute connected
R1(con g-router-af)#end

R3(con g-router)#address-family ipv4 vrf a-2
R3(con g-router-af)#redistribute static
R3(con g-router-af)#redistribute connected
R3(con g-router-af)#exit
R1#show ip route vrf a-1 
Get Button
Routing Table: a-1

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L 10.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
B 30.0.0.0/8 [200/0] via 192.168.30.1, 01:19:26
192.168.40.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 192.168.40.1 [1/0] via 10.1.1.2
B 192.168.50.1 [200/0] via 192.168.30.1, 01:19:34
R3#show ip route vrf a-2
Routing Table: a-2

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
B 10.0.0.0/8 [200/0] via 192.168.10.1, 01:20:43

30.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 30.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L 30.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
B 192.168.40.1 [200/0] via 192.168.10.1, 01:20:52
S 192.168.50.1 [1/0] via 30.1.1.2

R1#show ip bgp vpnv4 all
Get Button
BGP table version is 7, local router ID is 192.168.13.1

Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter,
x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed,
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Route Distinguisher: 100:1 (default for vrf a-1)
*> 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 32768 ?
*>i 30.0.0.0 192.168.30.1 0 100 0 ?
*> 192.168.40.1/32 10.1.1.2 0 32768 ?
*>i 192.168.50.1/32 192.168.30.1 0 100 0 ?
R1#show ip bgp vpnv4 all summary

BGP router identi er 192.168.13.1, local AS number 65001
BGP table version is 7, main routing table version 7
4 network entries using 624 bytes of memory
4 path entries using 320 bytes of memory
2/2 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 288 bytes of memory
1 BGP extended community entries using 24 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP lter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 1256 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 4/0 pre xes, 4/0 paths, scan interval 60 secs
Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd

192.168.30.1 4 65001 106 106 7 0 0 01:30:51 2
R3#show ip bgp vpnv4 all

BGP table version is 7, local router ID is 192.168.33.1
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter,
x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed,
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Route Distinguisher: 100:1 (default for vrf a-2)
*>i 10.0.0.0 192.168.10.1 0 100 0 ?
*> 30.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 32768 ?
*>i 192.168.40.1/32 192.168.10.1 0 100 0 ?
*> 192.168.50.1/32 30.1.1.2 0 32768 ?

Get Button
R3#show ip bgp vpnv4 all summary

BGP router identi er 192.168.33.1, local AS number 65001
BGP table version is 7, main routing table version 7
4 network entries using 624 bytes of memory
4 path entries using 320 bytes of memory
2/2 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 288 bytes of memory
1 BGP extended community entries using 24 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP lter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 1256 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 4/0 pre xes, 4/0 paths, scan interval 60 secs
Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd

192.168.10.1 4 65001 106 106 7 0 0 01:31:25 2
R3#ping vrf a-2 192.168.50.1

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.50.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 44/76/112 ms
R1#ping vrf a-1 192.168.40.1

!!!!!
R5#ping 192.168.40.1 source 192.168.50.1

Packet sent with a source address of 192.168.50.1
!!!!!
R4#ping 192.168.50.1 source 192.168.40.1

Packet sent with a source address of 192.168.40.1
!!!!!
R1#ping 192.168.30.1
Type escape sequence to abort. 
Get Button
!!!!!
R3#ping 192.168.10.1
!!!!!
R4#traceroute 192.168.50.1 source 192.168.40.1

Tracing the route to 192.168.50.1
VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)
1 10.1.1.1 36 msec 56 msec 104 msec
2 30.1.1.1 [MPLS: Label 311 Exp 0] 92 msec 168 msec 136 msec
3 30.1.1.2 196 msec 248 msec 292 msec

ip vrf a-1
rd 100:1
ip vrf forwarding a-1
address-family ipv4 vrf a-1
redistribute connected
redistribute static

ip vrf a-2
rd 100:1
ip vrf forwarding a-2
address-family ipv4 vrf a-2
redistribute connected
redistribute static

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Tags: MPLS L3 VPN
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Posted by Internetworks
I am CCIE Technical Instructor/Network consultant. i am having experience of ranging from
operating and maintaining PCs and peripherals to network control programs for multi-faceted
data communication networks in LAN,MAN, and WAN environments.
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maintaining PCs and peripherals to network control programs for multi-faceted data communication networks
in LAN,MAN, and WAN environments.
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Introduction of MPLS
MPLS de nes protocol that make different paradigm for a way routers forward packets. rather than forwarding
packets based on the packets...
What is MPLS Label distributing protocol (LDP) ? How LDP works?

Label distributing protocol (LDP) is a protocol which is automatically generates and exchanges labels between
MPLS routers. Each MPLS r...

We already discus what is MPLS and LDP in the previous sections. In this section we will see what is MPLS L3
VPN? And what are VRF (vi...
how to con gure MPLS LDP Peering ?

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MPLS routers. Each MPLS r...
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static, OSPF, EIGRP, BGP o...
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2/21/2020 What is MPLS L3 VPN ? How to configure?

VOS3000 server softswitch rent

What is MPLS L3 VPN ? How to con gure?

Class 5 Softswitch and

What is VRF (virtual routing forwarding)?

Let see the con guration:-

 make sure PE and CE routers can ping

R1(con g)#Interface serial 3/0

R1(con g)#Interface loopback 0

R3(con g)#Interface serial 3/2

R2(con g)#Interface fastethernet 0/0

R2(con g)#Interface serial 3/0

R2(con g)#Interface serial 3/1

R2(con g)#Interface loopback 0

R3(con g)#Interface fastethernet 0/0

R3(con g)#Interface serial 3/1

R3(con g)#Interface serial 3/2

R3(con g)#Interface loopback 0

R4(con g)#Interface fastethernet 0/0

R4(con g)#Interface loopback 0

R5(con g)#Interface fastethernet 0/0

R5(con g)#Interface loopback 0

R1#show ip interface brief

R2#show ip interface brief

R3#show ip interface brief

R4#show ip interface brief

R5#show ip interface brief

R1(con g)#router ospf 1

R2(con g)#router ospf 1

R3(con g)#router ospf 1

R1#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface

R2#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface

R3#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface

R1(con g)#ip cef

R1(con g)#mpls label protocol ldp

R1(con g)#interface serial 3/0

R1(con g)#interface serial 3/4

R2(con g)#ip cef

R2(con g)#mpls label protocol ldp

R2(con g)#mpls label range 200 299

R2(con g)#interface serial 3/0

R2(con g)#interface serial 3/1

R3(con g)#ip cef 

R3(con g)#mpls label range 300 399

R3(con g)#interface serial 3/1

R3(con g)#interface serial 3/2

R1(con g)#ip vrf a-1

R3(con g)#ip vrf a-2

R1#show ip vrf detail

No global export route-map

R3#show ip vrf detail

R1#show run | section vrf

R3#show run | section vrf

R3(con g)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

R1(con g)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

R4(con g-if)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.1 

R5(con g)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 30.1.1.1

R3(con g)#ip route vrf a-2 192.168.50.1 255.255.255.255 30.1.1.2

R1(con g)#ip route vrf a-1 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.255 10.1.1.2

R1(con g)#router bgp 65001