DR.

JOSE RIZAL FAMILY AND EARLY

EDUCATION

FULL NAME: José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

BIRTHDATE: June 19, 1861
BIRTHPLACE: Calamba, Laguna
BAPTISMAL DATE: June 22, 1861
DEATH ANNIVERSARY: December 30, 1896

MEANING OF NAME:
 Doctor- completed his medical course in Spain and was conferred the degree of
Licentiate in Medicine by the Universidad Central de Madrid
 Jose- was chosen by his mother who has a devotee of the Christian saint San Jose (St.
Joseph)
 Protacio- from Gerviacio P. which come from a Christian calender
 Rizal- from the word “Ricial” in Spanish means a field where wheat, cut while still
green, sprouts again
 Mercado- adopted in 1731 by Domingo Lamco which the Spanish term Mercado means
“market” in English
 Alonzo- old surname of his mother
 Y- and
 Realonda- it was used by Doῆa Teodora from the surname of her godmother based on
the culture by that time

THE MERCADO (Rizal’s Family)

 Francisco Mercado (1818-1898)
-father of Rizal
- born in Biῆan, Laguna on May 11, 1818
-Rizal affectionately called him “a model of fathers”
 Teodora Alonso Realonda (1826-1911)
-mother of Rizal
-born in Manila on November 8, 1826
-is a woman of more than ordinary culture: she knows literature and speaks
Spanish
  Saturnina (1850-1913)
-Eldest child of the Rizal-Alonzo marriage. Married Manuel Timoteo Hidalgo of
Tanauan, Batangas.
 Paciano (1851-1930)
-Only brother of Jose Rizal and the second child. Studied at San Jose College in
Manila; became a farmer and later a general of the Philippine Revolution.
 Narcisa (1852-1939)
-The third child who married Antonio Lopez at Morong, Rizal; a teacher and
musician.
 Olympia (1855-1887)
-The fourth child. Married Silvestre Ubaldo; died in 1887 from childbirth.
 Lucia (1857-1919)
-The fifth child. Married Matriano Herbosa.
 Maria (1859-1945)
-The sixth child. Married Daniel Faustino Cruz of Biñan, Laguna.
 Jose (1861-1896)
-The second son and the seventh child. He was executed by the Spaniards on
December 30,1896.
 Concepcion (1892-1896)
-The eight child. Died at the age of three.
 Josefa (1865-1945)
-The ninth child. An epileptic, died a spinster.
 Trinidad (1868-1951)
-The tenth child. Died a spinster and the last of the family to die.
 Soledad (1870-1929)
-The youngest child married Pantaleon Quintero.

EARLY CHILHOOD
 19 June 1861- Jose Rizal, the seventh child of Francisco Mercado Rizal and Teodora
Alonso y Quintos, was born in Calamba, Laguna.
 22 June 1861- He was baptized JOSE RIZAL MERCADO at the Catholic of Calamba by
the parish priest Rev. Rufino Collantes with Rev. Pedro Casañas as the sponsor.
 28 September 1862- The parochial church of Calamba and the canonical books,
including the book in which Rizal’s baptismal records were entered, were burned.
 1864- Barely three years old, Rizal learned the alphabet from his mother.
 1865- When he was four years old, his sister Conception, the eight child in the Rizal
family, died at the age of three.
 1865 – 1867- During this time his mother taught him how to read and write. His father
hired a classmate by the name of Leon Monroy who, for five months until his (Monroy)
death, taught Rizal the rudiments of Latin.
  6 June 1868- With his father, Rizal made a pilgrimage to Antipolo to fulfill the vow
made by his mother to take the child to the Shrine of the Virgin of Antipolo should she
and her child survive the ordeal of delivery which nearly caused his mother’s life.
 1869- At the age of eight, Rizal wrote his first poem entitled "Sa Aking Mga Kabata."
The poem was written in tagalog and had for its theme "Love of One’s Language.’’

EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIŇAN

 The first teacher of Rizal was his mother, who was remarkable woman of good character
and fine culture.
 Maestro Celestino- Rizal’s first private tutor
 Maestro Lucas Padua- Rizal’s second tutor
 Maestro Leon Monroy- a former classmate of Rizal’s father became Rizal’s tutor that
instructed Jose in Spanish and Latin.
 Sunday afternoon (June 1869)- Rizal left Calamba for Biῆan accompanied by Paciano
 Carromata- the mode of transportation
 Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz- Rizal’s teacher in a private school in Biῆan
-Rizal described his teacher as follows: He was thin, long-necked, with a sharp nose and a
body slightly bent forward.
 Uncle Jose Alberto- gave wise direction in the studies of Rizal
 Uncle Gregorio- instilled into the mind Jose the love for education
 Uncle Manuel Alberto- seeing Jose was frail in nature, concerned himself with the
physical development of his nephew.
 Pedro- the teacher’s son which Rizal challenged to fight
 Andres Salandan- challenged Rizal to an arm-wrestling match
 Juancho- an old painter who freely give Rizal lessons in drawing and painting
 Jose Guevara- Rizal’s classmate who also loved painting, became apprentices of the old
painter
 Saturday afternoon (December 17, 1870)- Rizal left Biῆan after one year and a half of
schooling
 Talim- the steamer that Jose rode
 Arturo Camps- a Frenchman friend of Rizal’s father who took care of him on board

DAILY LIFE IN BIŇAN

 Heard the four o’ clock mass then at ten o’ clock went home at once and went at school at
two and came out at five.
 The day was unusual when Rizal was not laid out on a bench and given five or six blows
because of fighting.