ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (SCIENCE 1)

1. ______________ is the study of the myriad interactions between humans and the world around
them, living and non-living.
a. Earth Science
b. Environmental Science
c. Natural Science
d. None of the above
2. _____________ is a characteristic of many successful Environmental Science majors.
a. Concern for the environment, including other forms of life
b. A love of the outdoors and being in nature
c. Desire to make a difference and for a career that allows one to make a difference
d. All of the above
3. Environmental Studies programs are suited for some students seeking careers in areas such as
law, education, political science, social studies or economics.
a. True
b. False
c. Subjective/Situational
d. Not applicable
4. ________ is the interdisciplinary scientific study of the distributions, abundance and relations of
organisms and their interactions with the environment.
a. Biology
b. Earth science
c. Ecology
d. None of the above
5. ________ describe the net or network of relations among organisms at different scales of
organization.
a. Ecology
b. Ecosystems
c. Global processes
d. None of the above
6. Ecology is synonymous with environment, environmentalism, or environmental science.
a. True
b. False
c. Subjective/Situational
d. Not applicable
7. Plants carry out the process of ________ which requires energy from the sun, water and carbon
dioxide to produce food and oxygen which in turn are needed by the animals for the process of
respiration.
a. Oxidation
b. Germination
c. Photosynthesis
 d. None of the above
8. Our environmental problems are very much rooted within the structures of the society.
a. True
b. False
c. Subjective/Situational
d. Not applicable
9. Any ecosystem has the capacity to sustain life; this is called its __________.
a. Carrying capacity
b. Consumption capacity
c. Balance of nature
d. None of the above
10. In nature, everything has a purpose; every structure corresponds to a function.
a. True
b. False
c. Subjective/Situational
d. Not applicable
11. Not everyone has a role to perform and responsibility to protect the environment. Ecological
problems are solely for ecologists.
a. True
b. False
c. Subjective/Situational
d. Not applicable
12. ___________ is a community of organisms interacting with one another as well as with their
nonliving environment.
a. Environment
b. Ecosystem
c. Ecology
d. None of the above
13. In an ecosystem, there is no continuous exchange of energy and materials between living and
nonliving components.
a. True
b. False
c. Subjective/Situational
d. Not applicable
14. __________ are green plants that manufacture food in the form of glucose by the process of
photosynthesis.
a. Producers
b. Consumers
c. Decomposers
d. None of the above
15. __________ are organisms that cannot produce their own food.
a. Autotrophs
 b. Producers
c. Heterotrophs
d. None of the above
16. Consumers that eat animal products are called _________.
a. Herbivores
b. Carnivores
c. Omnivores
d. None of the above
17. Those that eat both plant and animal products are known as ____________.
a. Herbivores
b. Carnivores
c. Omnivores
d. None of the above
18. _________ are heterotrophic bacteria and fungi that convert organic compounds into inorganic
forms which can be used again by living organisms.
a. Producers
b. Consumers
c. Decomposers
d. None of the above
19. _________ are thin-walled transparent tubes that help transport materials to the fungal body.
a. Hyphae
b. Bacteria
c. Plasma membrane
d. None of the above
20. ____________ affects the evaporation rate of water from plants and animals.
a. Wind
b. Temperature
c. Light
d. None of the above
21. __________ affects the degree of aeration, drainage, root penetration, nutrient supply and
temperature of soil which are valuable factors for efficient plant growth.
a. Wind
b. Water
c. Type of soil
d. None of the above
22. Energy derived from the sun is stored in _______.
a. Glucose
b. Oxygen
c. Carbon dioxide
d. None of the above
23. Oxygen is released to the atmosphere and used by plants and animals for ___________.
a. Photosynthesis
 b. Respiration
c. Oxidation
d. None of the above
24. ___________ are the main components of living cells.
a. Proteins
b. Lipids
c. Carbohydrates
d. None of the above
25. A _______ is formed when plants (producers) are eaten by animals we call herbivores and these
herbivores are eaten by other animals we call carnivores. It can be short or long depending on
the number or consumers involved.
a. Food web
b. Food chain
c. Pyramid
d. None of the above
26. Several food chains can be interrelated and form a _________.
a. Food web
b. Pyramid
c. Trophic level
d. None of the above
27. _________ is the weight of living matter per unit area of habitat.
a. Trophic level
b. Pyramid
c. Biomass
d. None of the above
28. ___________ are natural occurrences that happen in our ecosystems; they are important in the
cycling of materials to make these materials available to living organisms for their maintenance
and survival.
a. Photosynthesis
b. Biogeochemical cycles
c. Respiration
d. None of the above
29. Carbon and oxygen found in organisms are ultimately returned to the atmosphere via the
__________.
a. Water cycle
b. Nitrogen cycle
c. Sedimentary cycle
d. None of the above
30. In a process called _______, ammonia or ammonium is converted to nitrites by nitrifying
bacteria in the soil. Some of these bacteria convert nitrites to nitrates.
a. Eutrophication
b. Nitrification
 c. Acid precipitation
d. None of the above
31. Weathering and erosion release ___________ from rocks and fossils. This is washed into bodies
of water and ultimately to the oceans where it becomes insoluble deposits.
a. Phosphorus
b. Sulfur
c. Ammonia
d. None of the above
32. When sulfur dioxide reacts with water, sulfuric acid is formed; this brings about ___________,
which is a great hazard to our ecosystems.
a. Eutrophication
b. Nitrification
c. Acid precipitation or acid rain
d. None of the above
33. Disruption of the biogechemical cycles can adversely affect the equilibrium of the ecosystem.
However, it only takes a short period for materials taken out of the cycle to be reestablished
back into it.
a. True
b. False
c. Subjective/Situational
d. Not applicable
34. A/An _____________ is composed of all members belonging to the same species living in the
same area.
a. Organism
b. Barangay
c. Population
d. None of the above
35. ________ is the most common pattern of distribution of members in a population. This is due
to varying environmental conditions.
a. Uniform
b. Random
c. Clumping
d. None of the above
36. ___________ is a community relationship which benefits both species involved.
a. Mutualism
b. Commensalism
c. Parasitism
d. None of the above
37. ____________ is an interaction where an organism called the prey is killed and the one that kills
is the predator.
a. Parasitism
b. Commensalism
 c. Competition
d. None of the above
38. ______________ is another type of interaction that occurs where both groups of organisms use
the same habitat, resources like food and water. In this case, both organisms are harmed in one
way or another where one may be harmed more than the other.
a. Parasitism
b. Commensalism
c. Competition
d. None of the above
39. __________ is measured in terms of number and relative abundance of species found in a
community.
a. Population density
b. Species diversity
c. Ecosystem
d. None of the above
40. The sequence of communities that happen in an ecological succession is called ___________.
a. Sere
b. Primary succession
c. Secondary succession
d. None of the above
41. Overpopulation brings about overcrowding, stiff competition for available jobs, poverty,
increase in unemployment and crime rates as well as increase in health, sanitation and pollution
problems.
a. True
b. False
c. Subjective/Situational
d. Not applicable
42. We, Filipinos, are well-known for the _______________attitude. We eagerly start a project, and
then this never materializes because along the way, we lose interest.
a. Crab mentality
b. Ningas-cogon
c. Bahala na
d. None of the above
43. ____________ is a law promulgated by the Philippine government for the protection of the
environment.
a. Laws on reforestation
b. Total log ban
c. Law on protection of flora and fauna particularly the endangered species
d. All of the above
44. ______________ are ground vibrations caused by volcanic activity or by the sudden release of
built-up stress in the solid part of the earth (lithosphere).
a. Typhoons
 b. Floods
c. Earthquakes
d. None of the above
45. _____________ are tropical cyclones characterized as large violent whirlwinds that originate
over the Pacific Ocean within the region between 5 and 20 degrees latitudes north.
a. Typhoons
b. Hurricanes
c. Tropical storms
d. None of the above
46. ___________ is defined as the inundation of places not normally submerged in water. It is
usually caused by excessive rainfall within a short period of time.
a. Typhoon
b. Hurricane
c. Tropical storm
d. None of the above
47. Smoking causes _______________, wherein the obstruction of air passages, in and out, leads to
reduced elasticity of the tissues lining the air spaces of the lungs and their eventual collapse.
a. Emphysema
b. Chronic bronchitis
c. Stillbirth
d. None of the above
48. _______________is the inhaling of smoke by non-smokers in some smoke-filled places.
a. Passive smoking
b. Active smoking
c. Mainstream smoke
d. None of the above
49. ______________ damages the thin layer of fertile soil essential for the growth of trees and
other plants.
a. Air pollution
b. Water pollution
c. Land pollution
d. None of the above
50. _____________ is the proper use and management of our natural resources for the benefit of
the present and future generations.
a. Ecosystem
b. Environmental education
c. Sustainable development
d. None of the above