PREPOZITIILE (PREPOSITIONS)

I. PREPOZITII PENTRU TIMP

IN – pentru momentele zilei, pentru luni, anotimpuri, ani si secole

Jack loves Italy. He always goes to Rome in February.
ON – pentru referire la o anumita zi, un anumint moment al zilei sau o anumita data
He left on Wednesday, February 12.
AT – pentru exprimarea orei, a unui anumit moment si pentru sarbatori religioase
His flight left at 12:10 p.m.
BY – pana la un anumit moment
By 7 p.m. he was ready for dinner
AROUND – pentru un moment, un interval aproximativ
He got to his hotel around 4 p.m.
DURING – pentru perioade de timp
During dinner he met Lara, the woman of his dreams.
SINCE – pentru un anumit moment de cand are loc un eveniment
Since that evening he hasn’t left her side
UNTIL – pana la un anumit moment
Jack stayed with Lara until the end of his holiday.
FOR – pentru o anumita durata
They have been married for almost four years now.

AT
(se foloseste intr-un context legat de ora, de anumite momente in timp sau de
sarbatori religioase)
At nine o’clock
At night
At the moment
At midnight
At sunrise
At the weekend
At that time
At the same time
At times
At Christmas/Easter
ON
(se foloseste pentru anumite zile, momente ale zilei si pentru data)
On Monday
On Christmas Day
On New Year’s Eve
On his birthday
On Good Friday
On the morning of May 1
On September 2
On this occasion
On time

DURING
(este folosit pentru o perioada de timp)
During the holidays
During the weekend

IN
(este folosit pentru perioadele zilei, pentru luni, anotimpuri, ani si secole)
In the morning
In the afternoon
In December
In winter/spring
In 2012
In the 19 th century
In those days
In the same time
In time

AROUND
(este folosint pentru date temporale aproximative)
Around ten o’clock
Around midnight

FOR
(este folosit pentru indicarea unei anumite durate)
For a long time
For two years
They are going to China for two years
They have been in China for two years

BY si UNTIL
(amanoua inseamna pana, dar se folosesc in sensuri diferite)
I need the report by Monday (Eu nu am raportul, dar am nevoie de el pana cel tarziu
luni)
I need the report until Monday (Eu am deja raportul si am nevoie de el din acest
moment pana luni)

II. PREPOZITII PENTRU LOC

ON – pentru suprafete
IN - in cazul in care ceva se afla in interior
UNDER – sub, in special cand ceva este acoperit
IN FRONT OF – in fata
OVER – deasupra
NEXT TO – langa
AGAINST – pe, sprijinit de
BEHIND – in spatele
BY – in apropriere de, langa

AT
(se foloseste in special pentru cladiri, adrese si locuri in care se afla oameni)
To be/stay at home
To wait at the bus stop
To live at m mum’s
At the party
At school/the cinema

ON
(se foloseste printre altele si pentru suprafete)
To be on the shelf
To hang on the wall
To lie on the floor
On the third floor
IN
(se foloseste cand ceva se afla in interiorul unui alt obiect)
In the box
In the living room
In the picture
To live in USA

UNDER
(inseamna sub si va fi folosit in primul rand cand ceva este acoperit de altceva)
To stand under an umbrella
Under my jacket
Under the blanket
Under the clouds

BELOW
(inseamna sub, dar nu trebuie sa se refere neaparat la ceva palpabil sau care se afla
sub altceva. Se foloseste mai mult cu intelesul de dedesubt)
Below the clouds
Below the surface of the water
Below the poverty line

OVER
(inseamna peste)
To hang over the chair
To live over the road

ABOVE
(inseamna deasupra, dar se foloseste cand doua obiecte nu se ating direct)
To hang above the table
To be above the clouds

NEXT TO
(inseamna langa)
To sit next to Lina

IN FRONT OF
(in fata)
In front of the house
BY
(inseamna in primul rand langa sau in apropriere de)
To wait by the car/post office

III. PREPOZITII PENTRU DIRECTIE

TO
(este folosit in general pentru miscarea intr-o anumita directie: in, pana, spre, la)

FROM
(specifica de unde vine cineva sau ceva)

Jack runs from his house to the office

ONTO
(pentru miscari in sus)
He runs onto the bridge

OVER
(pentru miscari sau deplasari care au loc peste ceva sau pe cealalta parte)
He runs over the bridge

ALONG
(pentru miscare de-a lungul a ceva)
He runs along the road

UNDER
(pentru miscari care au loc pe sub ceva)
He runs under a branch
TOWARDS
(pentru deplasare spre ceva anume)
He runs towards the door

THROUGH
(indica strabatere, trecere prin ceva)
He runs through the door…
INTO
(indica patrundere, intrare undeva)
…and into the office

IV. PREPOZITII CARE INTRODUC CAUZALITATE, URMARE SI SCOP

BECAUSE OF
( din cauza)
The flight was delayed because of the a strike

DESPITE
( in ciuda)
We went out despite the rain.

FOR
( pentru)
I invited him out for drinks

IN SPITE OF
( in ciuda)
Inspite of her cold, she had a great time.

INSTEAD OF
( in loc de)
He went swimming instead of doing the ironing.

OUT OF
( din )
Baxter ran out of the door

THANKS TO
( multumita )
Thanks to James, I have a new flat

DUE TO
( datorita )
The party was cancelled due to illness
EXCEPT FOR
( cu exceptia )
Everyone came except for Lili.