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Pharyngitis is caused by bacterial or viral invasion of the mucosa, leading to local inflammation and irritation from secretions. This releases toxins and proteases, and in some cases, bacterial fragments can form antigen-antibody complexes that deposit in the glomeruli. Younger children typically present with fever, malaise, sore throat and headache, while older children may have higher fevers, vomiting, and a fiery red edematous pharynx. Diagnosis is made via throat culture or rapid strep test, and treatment involves oral penicillin, cephalosporins, or macrolides to prevent rheumatic fever or other inflammatory diseases.
Pharyngitis is caused by bacterial or viral invasion of the mucosa, leading to local inflammation and irritation from secretions. This releases toxins and proteases, and in some cases, bacterial fragments can form antigen-antibody complexes that deposit in the glomeruli. Younger children typically present with fever, malaise, sore throat and headache, while older children may have higher fevers, vomiting, and a fiery red edematous pharynx. Diagnosis is made via throat culture or rapid strep test, and treatment involves oral penicillin, cephalosporins, or macrolides to prevent rheumatic fever or other inflammatory diseases.
Pharyngitis is caused by bacterial or viral invasion of the mucosa, leading to local inflammation and irritation from secretions. This releases toxins and proteases, and in some cases, bacterial fragments can form antigen-antibody complexes that deposit in the glomeruli. Younger children typically present with fever, malaise, sore throat and headache, while older children may have higher fevers, vomiting, and a fiery red edematous pharynx. Diagnosis is made via throat culture or rapid strep test, and treatment involves oral penicillin, cephalosporins, or macrolides to prevent rheumatic fever or other inflammatory diseases.
M-protein fragments of GABHS and sarcolemma antigens of myocardium
Antigen-antibodies complex in glomeruli
Produce the Signs and Symptoms
Younger Child Older Child
• Fever • Fever may reach 40℃ • General malaise • Headache • Anorexia • Anorexia • Moderate sore throat • Vomiting • Headache • Mild to fiery red edematous pharynx • Mild to moderate hyperemia • Hyperemia of tonsils and pharynx; • Abdominal pain may extend to soft palate and uvula • Often abundant follicular exudate that spreads and coalesces to form pseudomembrane on tonsils • Cervical glands enlarged and tender
Therapeutic Management Diagnostic Evaluation
▪ Oral Penicillin V or Amoxicillin ▪ Throat culture
▪ IM Benthazine Penicillin G ▪ Rapid Streptococcal Antigen ▪ Cephalosporins, clindamycin and Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid Risk for: ▪ Oral macrolide (erythromycin, azithromycin and clarithromycin) ▪ Rheumatic fever ▪ Inflammatory disease of the heart, joints Take this if the physician prescribed and CNS ▪ Acute glomerulonephritis ▪ Acute kidney infection ▪ Skin manifestation including impetigo and pyoderma