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Cooling tower’s purpose is to cooldown the warm inlet water. There are fourteen
units of cooling tower at APRIL which four of them placed at Riau Prima Energy (RPE).
They are Cooling tower 1 (capacity of 4 x 875 liter/s), Cooling tower 2 (capacity of 8 x 763
liter/s), Cooling tower 3 (capacity of 8 x 879 liter/s) and Cooling tower 4 (capacity of 4 x
1057 liter/s). These cooling tower categorized as counterflow induced type cooling tower, the
schematics for cooling tower will be shown in Figure X below.
To prevent some problems found at inlet water, some chemicals will be added consist of
phospate that added to prevent corrosion, dispersant or polymer that added to prevent scaling
and biocide that added to prevent microbiological fouling during the process. Corrosion
became serious problem in industrial cooling water systems because it could reduced the
cooling efficiency, increased the operating costs, destroyed the equipments and products, the
worst case could made plant shutdown. Scaling would reduced heat transfer efficiency inside
the cooling tower, the loss of heat transfer efficiency could reduced the production and
highten the fuel costs. Cooling water system are ideal spots for microscopic organisms to
grow. Generally, a temperature range of 21-60 °C and pH range of 6-9 became the ideal
environment for microbiological growth where bacteria, algae and fungi are the most
common ones. Microbiological fouling could cause energy losses, reduced heat transfer
efficiency and could increased corrosion and pitting inside cooling tower.