Page 1 of 7 Sanjay Gupta,

Stay at Home and Take care of your Health. P.G. Department of Mathematics,
Dev Samaj College For Women,
Ferozepur City

INFINITE SERIES 27.03.2020

LECTURE – 1_CHAPTER – 3
Remember :

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Note : Cauchy's root test if useful to check the convergence or divergence of the series
of the form ∑∞ , where power of every factor of is a multiple of i.e. divisible
by .

Remember : → + =

Example 1. Discuss the convergence or divergence of the following series :

1) ∑∞ 2) ∑∞ +
√

3) ∑∞

Sol. 1) The given series is ∑ , where =

Now ( ) = =

∴ lim ( ) = lim = lim 1+ = <1

→ → →

∴ By Cauchy's root test, the given series is convergent.

Sol. 2) The given series is ∑ , where = 1+

√

Now ( ) = 1+ = 1+ =
√ √

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√
1 1
1+ =
√ √
1
1+
√

∴ lim ( ) = lim √
= <1 [∵ 1 < < 2]
→ →
√

∴ By Cauchy's root test, the given series is convergent.

Sol. 3) The given series is ∑ , where =

Now ( ) = = = −

∴ lim ( ) = lim − = − lim = −0 = >1

→ → →∞

∴ By Cauchy's root test, the given series is divergent.

Remark. lim form, using L Hospital Rule

→∞

= lim = lim =0
→∞ →

Example 2. Discuss the convergence or divergence of the following series :

1) ∑ ; , > 2) ∑∞ , >

Sol. 1) The given series is ∑ , where =

Now ( ) = =

0, 0< <1
∴ lim ( ) = lim = for all > 0.
→ → ∞, >1

∴ lim ( ) <1 0< < 1 and lim ( ) >1 >1

→ →

∴ By Cauchy's root test, the given series is convergent if 0 < < 1 and is
divergent if > 1.

For = 1, we have =

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∴ The given series becomes ∑ , which is Geometric series with common

ratio > 0.

Therefore the series ∑ is convergent if 0 < < 1 and is divergent if

≥ 1.

Sol. 2) The given series is ∑ , where =

Now ( ) = =

∴ lim ( ) = lim = ∵ lim =1

→ → →

∴ By Cauchy's root test, the given series is convergent if 0 < <1 . .

0< < 3 and divergent if >1 . . > 3.

For = 3, we have = =

∴ The given series becomes ∑ , which is p – series and is convergent by

p – test because = 2 > 1.

Hence the given series is convergent if ≤ 3 and is divergent if > 3.

Assignment – 1
Q.1 Discuss the convergence or divergence of the following series :

1) ∑∞ 2) ∑∞ −

( )
3) ∑∞ 4) ∑∞
( )

Q.2 Discuss the convergence or divergence of the following series :

1) ∑∞ √ , > 2) ∑∞ , >
( )
3) ∑∞ 4) ∑∞ , >

Next Lecture – 2 : D'Alembert's Ratio Test

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