Name: _________________________________________ Situation II: The 2.5 m high drum of oil is completely filled plate.

ely filled
Crush: _________________________________________
EXAM IN FLUID MECHANICS
Direction: Write the letter of your answer besides every
number. Do not round off in between solutions.
plate. The angle of inclination of the slant side to the
and is placed on a platform. The drum is capped at point horizontal is 75o. The water-mercury interface is 28 cm
C as shown below. The density of the oil is 893 kg/m3. below the top. Steel rods are used to support the
trapezoidal plate. These rods are placed on the four
corners and are place perpendicular to the place of the
plate. The specific gravity of mercury is 13.55. Assuming
that the two liquids do not mix:

Situation I: The 175 cm wide gate holds liquids whose 17. Calculate the total hydrostatic force on the plate.
specific gravity is 0.95. It is hinged at point A. The force F a. 1106 N c. 553 N
at a distance of 20 m from the y-axis holds the gate in the b. 283 N d. 783 N
position shown. The gate weighs 500 N/m2.
18. Calculate the force resisted by each of the upper steel
11. Calculate the factor of safety against overturning rods.
6. If the platform is rotated at an angular speed of 15 a. 1.50 c. 2.20 a. 187 N c. 28 N
rad/s, determine the pressure that the oil will exert on b. 2.63 d. 1.36 b. 322 N d. 73 N
the cap.
a. 16 kPa c. 18 kPa 12. Calculate the factor of safety against sliding. 19. Calculate the force resisted by each of the lower steel
b. 10 kPa d. 9 kPa a. 1.50 c. 2.20 rods.
b. 2.63 d. 1.36 a. 43 N c. 207 N
7. Calculate the fastest permissible rotation of the b. 113 N d. 480 N
platform if the maximum pressure that the cap can 13. Calculate the stress at the heel.
sustain before it open is 50 kPa. a. 311.00 c. 83.50 kPa Situation V: A thin platinum wire ring having a radius of
a. 33.3 rad/s c. 26.5 rad/s b. 300.11 kPa d. 85.30 kPa 20mm is resting on a water surface. The surface tension
b. 35.3 rad/s d. 25.0 rad/s of water is 0.0727 N/m.
1 .Which of the following most nearly gives the horizontal 14. Calculate the stress at the toe.
component of the hydrostatic force acting on the gate? 8. Calculate the force exerted by the oil on top of the a. 311.00 c. 83.50 kPa 20. Calculate the mass of the ring.
a. 294 kN c. 1413 kN drum as the platform rotates 15 rad/s. b. 300.11 kPa d. 85.30 kPa a. 1.86 g c. 9.14 g
b. 309 kN d. 1342 kN a. 9.05 kN c. 4.04 kN b. 0.93 g d. 18.27 g
b. 2.27 kN d. 8.08 kN 15. The bulk modulus of elasticity for water is 2250 MPa.
2. Which of the following most nearly gives the Which of the following most nearly gives the required 21. If the ring is then to be pulled free from the surface as
hydrostatic force acting on the gate? 9. Calculate the force at the bottom of the drum as the pressure change in order to reduce the volume by 0.75%? shown, calculate the necessary force F.
a. 587 kN c. 656 kN platform rotates 15 rad/s. + and – means increase and decrease in pressure,
b. 618 kN d. 490 kN a. 20.06 kN c. 21.37 kN respectively.
b. 19.09 kN d. 15.05 kN a. -16.88 MPa c. +5.625 MPa
3. Which of the following most nearly gives the weight of b. +16.88 MPa d. -5.625 MPa
the gate? Situation III: A concrete dam retaining water is shown.
a. 18 kN c. 20 kN The specific weight of concrete and water is 23.5 kN/m 3 16. Given that the specific weight at the ocean surface is
b. 17 kN d. 19 kN and 9.79 kN/m3 respectively. Assume there is a 10.05 kN/m3 and the average bulk modulus of elasticity is
hydrostatic uplift that varies uniformly from full 2.34 GPa, calculate the change in specific volume
4. Calculate the required value of force F. hydrostatic head at the heel to zero at the toe and that between the surface and at a point below the ocean’s
a. 197 kN c. 294 kN the coefficient of friction between the dam and the surface where the pressure is 63.95 kPa. Assume that the
b. 188 kN d. 168 kN foundation soil is 0.45. bulk modulus of elasticity is valid for that pressure range. a. 18.25 mN c. 179.33 mN
a. 1990.08 mm3/kN c. 995.02 mm3/kN b. 36.54 mN d. 358.46 mN
3
5. Calculate the reaction at A. 10. Calculate the weight of the dam. b. 1990.02 mm /kN d. 2719.31 mm3/kN Situation VI: The 3m wide plate DEF is hinged at point D
a. 511 kN c. 504 kN a. 3272.43 kN c. 2891.07 kN Situation IV: A trapezoidal plate with bottom base and and rests on a smooth surface at F. It supports seawater
b. 489 kN d. 387 kN b. 3595.50 kN d. 3672.00 kN altitude of 320 mm and 360 mm, respectively, supports
water and mercury on one side reaching the top of the
on one side. The specific gravity of the seawater is 1.03. If 31. Calculate the maximum hydrostatic force acting in
the normal force at F is to be zero. 26. If the piston decelerates at 1.5 m/s 2 when its sliding one of the circular bases if the water surface reaches the 37. What tension is needed to lift the concrete?
speed is 6m/s, calculate the required viscosity of the top of the cylindrical container due to the truck’s a. 2.75 kN c. 3.90 kN
liquid. acceleration. b. 4.16 kN d. 1.39 kN
a. 0.107 Pa-s c. 0.496 Pa-s a. 78 kN c. 60 kN
b. 0.146 Pa-s d. 0.675 Pa-s b. 104 kN d. 94 kN 38. What rise in water level is needed to lift the concrete?
a. 9.86 cm c. 4.73 cm
27. If the piston accelerates at 1.5 m/s 2 when its sliding 32. Calculate the minimum hydrostatic force acting in one b. 17.77 cm d. 24.86 cm
speed is 6m/s, calculate the required viscosity of the of the circular bases if the water surface reaches the top
liquid. of the cylindrical container due to the truck’s Situation XI. The right triangular plate is immersed as
a. 0.107 Pa-s c. 0.496 Pa-s acceleration. shown in a liquid whose specific gravity is 1.25.
b. 0.146 Pa-s d. 0.675 Pa-s a. 78 kN c. 86 kN
b. 43 kN d. 31 kN
22. Calculate the horizontal component of the reaction at 28. A rectangular plate is submerged in seawater
point D. (sg=1.025) with its upper edge 3m above from the liquid Situation IX. A 15 m high vertical wall separates seawater
a. 742.67 kN c. 240.35 kN surface. Find the minimum height of the plate if the (sg= 1.03) from freshwater. The wall is placed on a
b. 721.04 kN d. 247.56 kN eccentricity of the hydrostatic force is limited to 1/7 m. support that cannot be subjected to horizontal forces.
a. 5.68 m c. 1.88 m
23. Calculate the hydrostatic force acting on FE. b. 2.74 m d. 5.54 m 33. Calculate the net hydrostatic force acting on the wall
a. 1286.34 kN c. 782.33 kN if the depth of seawater at one side of the wall is 13 m
b. 806.32 kN d. 1248.87 kN 29. If the water which just fills a hemispherical bowl of while the other is full of freshwater up to the top of the
1m radius be made to rotate uniformly about the vertical wall.
24. Calculate the required value of angle θ. axis of the bowl at the rate of 30 rpm, how much will a. 248.98 kN c. 283.20 kN
a. 35.66o c. 32.08o overflow? b. 34.21 kN d. 308.89 kN
b. 35.26o d. 32.85o a. 1.58 m3 c. 1.30 m3
b. 0.79 m3 d. 0.51 m3 34. If a cable whose tensile capacity is 60 MPa is used to
Situation VII: A 95-kg cylindrical piston slides down in a balance the hydrostatic forces in the previous problem, 39. Which of the following most nearly give the
lubricated pipe with a clearance of 50 μm of liquid. The Situation VIII: A water tank truck with a closed cylindrical which of the following most nearly gives its required hydrostatic force acting on side of the plate?
piston has a height and diameter of 15 cm and 13 cm. container 1.5 m in radius and 6m long is to accelerate cross-sectional area? a. 552 kN c. 337 kN
along its length. Initially, the cylindrical container is filled a. 4720 mm2 c. 4150 mm2 b.674 kN d. 441 kN
2
with water to a depth of 2.5 m. b. 571 mm d. 5149 mm2
40. How far is the center of pressure from the liquid
35. If the seawater’s depth is 7m, calculate the required surface?
depth of the freshwater to maintain the wall’s a. 0.92 m c. 2.08 m
equilibrium state. b. 6.08 m d. 3.39 m
a. 8.886 m c. 7.108 m
b. 8.314 m d. 7.072 m 41. How far is the center of pressure from the lower right
vertex?
Situation X. A cubical float 1.2 m on a side, weighs 182 kg a. 1.94 m c. 2.08 m
and is anchored by means of a concrete block which b. 1.74 m d. 3.39 m
weighs 682 kg in air. When the chain connected to the Situation XII: A solid cylindrical pine spar buoy whose
30. Calculate the truck’s acceleration that will cause the concrete is taut, the normal force on the concrete block is specific gravity is 0.53 has a cylindrical lead attached at its
water surface to just reach the top of the cylindrical 2509.725 N. Concrete weighs 2400 kg/m3. Neglect bottom as shown. The buoy will be partially submerged in
container. buoyant force in the chain. a liquid whose specific gravity is 1.83. The specific gravity
25. Calculate the required viscosity of the liquid so that a. 0.82 m/s2 c. 1.64 m/s2 of the lead is 11.32.
the piston will slide at a constant speed of 1 m/s. b. 4.91 m/s2 d. 1.13 m/s2 36. What is the tension in the chain when it is taut?
a. 3.51 Pa-s c. 0.38 Pa-s a. 2.75 kN c. 3.90 kN
b. 0.76 Pa-s d. 1.76 Pa-s b. 4.16 kN d. 1.39 kN
 48. Calculate the required force to move a square plate 59. An iceberg having a specific gravity of 0.89 floats in
with side 1.5 m at constant velocity of 7 mm/s along the saltwater having a specific gravity of 1.033. If the volume
viscous fluid. The plate is moved as near as possible to the of ice above the water surface is 1000 m 3, what is the
boundary surface. total volume of the iceberg?
a. 0.41 N c. 0.26 N a. 9363.64 m3 c. 1160.67 m3
3
b. 1.16 N d. 1.42 N 52. Angular speed of w = 6 rad/s b. 7223.28 m d. 1119.57 m3
a. -6.5 kPa c. -3.5 kPa
Situation XIV: The diameter of the U-tube shown is 13 b. 6.5 kPa d. 2.9 kPa 60. A 24 m high trapezoidal masonry dam (s=2.4) with
mm. Initially, it contains liquid H whose specific gravity is one face vertical has a crest width of 2m and a horizontal
3.5. Fifteen milliliters of liquid K (sg = 1.2) is poured in the 53. Angular speed of w = 9 rad/s base of 12m. What is the depth of water on the vertical
left leg of the U-tube. Assume that the liquids will not mix a. 11.6 kPa c. 2.9 kPa side if the resultant pressure intersects the base at the
and that the U-tube is large enough to avoid spilling of b. -11.6 kPa d. 14.6 kPa outer edge of the middle third?
42. At what distance from the lead’s bottom is the center any liquids. a. 21.14 m c. 6.13 m
of gravity of the whole buoy? 54. Angular speed of w = 12 rad/s b. 11.96 m d. 13.6 m
a. 1.82 m c. 1.33 m a. 25.9 kPa c. 2.9 kPa
b. 2.63 m d. 1.39 m b. -23.0 kPa d. 25.9 kPa 61. The identical large plates are separated by thin layers
of liquid as shown. Their respective specific gravities and
43. How deep will the buoy be submerged in order to Situation XVI: The 3m high diving bell has the shape of dynamic viscosities are shown below. The bottom plate is
attain equilibrium? frustum of cone with a closed flat top of 3m diameter and moving to the right at 2.5 m/s. At what speed and in what
a. 1.50 m c. 2.99 m open bottom of 4m diameter. It is lowered in an upright direction must the top plate be moved to hold the center
b. 1.63 m d. 1.69 m position from the outside air into saltwater having a plate stationary?
weight of 10.5 kN/m3.
44. Calculate the initial metacentric height right after the
buoy is in equilibrium position. 56. Compute the volume of air trapped inside the caisson.
a. 1102.88 mm c. 114.62 mm 49. To what depth will the liquid K be when poured? a. 12.47 m 3 c. 21.47 m 3
b. 117.40 m d. 537.65 mm a. 113 mm c. 224 mm b. 12.74 m 3 d. 14.27 m 3
b. 244 mm d. 169 mm
45. Determine the value of the stability index right after 55. How deep below the water surface is the bottom of
the buoy is in equilibrium position. 50. What will be the resulting height of the liquid in the the caisson when the level has risen 1.50m inside?
a. 1102.88 mm c. 114.62 mm right leg? a. 10.50 m c. 14.72 m
b. 117.40 m d. 537.65 mm a. 113 mm c. 224 mm b. 11.69 m d. 13.51 m
b. 244 mm d. 169 mm
Situation XIII. For a certain viscous liquid whose dynamic 57. Compute the gage pressure inside at the bottom of
viscosity is 0.925 Pa-s, its velocity distribution over a fixed 51. What will be the resulting height of the liquid in the the caisson.
boundary is given by v = 0.77y2 – y3, where v is the left leg? a. 150.58 kPa c. 251.91 kPa a. 1.47 m/s to the left c. 1.20 m/s to the left
velocity in m/s at a distance y (meters) above the a. 113 mm c. 224 mm b. 154.56 kPa d. 1255.89 kPa b. 1.47 m/s to the right d. 1.20 m/s to the right
boundary surface. b. 244 mm d. 169 mm 58. A wooden spherical ball (sg =0.42) with a diameter of Situation XVII: A quarter circle gate shown supports liquid
Situation XV: The tube is partially filled with water as 30 cm is dropped from a height of 4.2 m above the whose specific gravity is 1.5. The gate is 2.5 m wide. The
46. Calculate the velocity at a distance 0.65 m above the shown. Calculate the pressure at point C if the tube is surface of water (measured from the ball’s centroid) at gate is hinged at point A. Neglect the weight of the gate.
ground surface. rotated about the axis as shown at an: the deep end of a swimming pool. If the ball barely
a. 266.5 mm/s c. 78.0 mm/s touched the bottom of the pool before it began to float,
b. 50.7 mm/s d. 155.9 mm/s how deep is the swimming pool at that point? Neglect
drag force.
47. Calculate the shear stress at a point where the a. 3.04 m c. 2.94 m
velocity gradient is maximum. b. 3.19 m d. 3.30 m
a. 0.183 Pa c. 0.063 Pa
b. 0 Pa d. 0.257 Pa
 74. Compute the distance of metacenter to center of
66. Freshwater whose specific gravity is 1.0 gravity.
a. 978 mm c. 841 mm a. 5.34 mm c. 52.01 mm
b. 1037 mm d. 519 mm b. 15.12 mm d. 22.72 mm

67. Saltwater whose specific gravity is 1.03 75. The wooden cone is __________.
a. 504 mm c. 1009 mm a. Stable c. Just Stable
62. Determine the vertical component of the hydrostatic b. 521 mm d. 952 mm b. Unstable d. Undeterminable
force acting on the gate.
a. 15 kN c. 39 kN 68. Liquid whose specific gravity is 1.35 76. When a block of ice floating on water in a container
b. 7 kN d. 18 kN a. 401 mm c. 782 mm melts, what will happen to the level of water in the
b. 391 mm d. 746 mm container?
63. Determine the magnitude of the force F to prevent a. It will drop c. It will stay the same
gate’s rotation about the hinge A. Situation XIX: A 3m high open right circular cylinder is b. It will rise d. Drops momentarily then rise
a. 15 kN c. 39 kN filled with oil whose specific gravity is 0.845. It is rotated
b. 7 kN d. 18 kN about its vertical axis at such speed that half of the 77. Capillary rise of water is
contained liquid spills out. a. inversely proportional to water density
64. Calculate the reaction at A. b. inversely proportional to the tube’s diameter
a. 84 kN c. 74 kN 69. Determine the resulting pressure at the bottom c. directly proportional to the surface tension
b. 63 kN d. 152 kN center of the cylinder. d. all of the above
a. 14.7 kPa c. 12.4 kPa
65. The inclined manometer contains Meriam red b. 0 d. 24.9 kPa 78. What type of fluid is water?
manometer oil (sg =0.827). Assuming the reservoir to be a. Compressible fluid c. Non-Newtonian fluid
very large, what should the angle θ be if each inch along 70. Find the required angular speed if the radius of the b. Newtonian fluid d. Real fluid
the scale is to represent a change of 0.8 lb/ft 2 in gage cylinder is 1.25.
pressure pA. a. 8.68 rad/s c. 3.43 rad/s 79. Pressure that is either measured above or below the
b. 6.13 rad/s d. 4.33 rad/s atmospheric pressure.
a. absolute pressure b. gauge pressure
71. If the cylinder is initially ¾ full, determine the required c. vacuum pressure d. peer pressure
angular speed if the radius of the cylinder is 1.25 m.
a. 41.4 rpm c. 63.3 rpm 80. Which of the following statements is/are true for the
b. 67.7 rpm d. 65.5 rpm hydrostatic force exerted by a fluid on a submerged
curved surface?

Situation XX: It is desired to float in fresh water a wooden I. The horizontal component of the force acting on a curve
a. 10.72o c. 10.54o cone 15 cm in diameter and 25 cm high, with the apex surface is the hydrostatic force acting o the vertical
b. 79.28o d. 32.85o downward. If the specific gravity of the cone is 0.60: projection of the curved surface.
II. The vertical component of hydrostatic force acting on a
Situation XVIII: The 4m long barge weighs 31 kN when 72. Compute the draft of the cone. submerged curve surface acts through the center of
empty. If the barge is to carry a 275 kN load, determine a. 210.86 mm c. 105.43 mm volume of the fluid directly above the submerged area.
its draft in: b. 132.83 mm d. 66.42 mm III. The resultant force on a curved surface acts on the
bottom of the curved surface.
73. Compute the distance of metacenter to center of
buoyancy. a. I and II b. II and III
a. 14.23 mm c. 35.86 mm c. I and III d. II
b. 0.89 mm d. 2.24 mm