EXPLANATION TEXT

Defenition
Explanation text is the text that contains statements and consequences of the facts obtained.

Purpose
The purpose of Explanation Text is to explain the processes that occur in the formation of something
or activities related to natural, social, scientific, cultural, and other phenomena that aim to explain
why and how it can happen.

Generic Structure
 A General Statement
Namely the introduction of an event that we will explain. This is taken from the facts.

 A sequenced of explanation
That is an explanation of why and how it happened. In this section, may be written in several
paragraphs whose contents are about how the process of the phenomenon that has been
discussed at the beginning. This will answer the questions "why" and "how

 Closing
Namely the conclution of the story. Actually the closing is not listed in the generic structure of the
Explanation text, but most people assume that the last paragraph of an Explanation text is closing,
even though it is part of the sequenced of explanation which contains the final steps described in
the sequenced of explanation section.

Characteristic
 Derived from questions related to 'why' and 'how' to an existing phenomenon
 Lifted from the phenomenon then the focus of the material is not on the object or person,
occurs in events or events that occur in the person or object.
 Using Simple Present Tense
 Use action verbs
 Use passive sounds
 Use noun phrases
 Use the adverb phrase
 Use technical terms
 Use common and abstract nouns
 Using conjunctions of time and cause-effect.
Language Features of Explanation Text
In an explanation text, there are linguistic features as below :
– Using simple present tense
– Using abstract noun (no visible noun)
– Using Passive voice
– Using Action verbs
– Containing explanation of the process .

Example:
A rainbow

A rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon that is caused by reflection, refraction

and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky.
It takes the form of a multicoloured arc. Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the
section of sky directly opposite the sun.

Rainbows can be full circles; however, the average observer sees only an arc formed
by illuminated droplets above the ground, and centred on a line from the sun to the
observer’s eye.

In a primary rainbow, the arc shows red on the outer part and violet on the inner
side. This rainbow is caused by light being refracted when entering a droplet of water, then
reflected inside on the back of the droplet and refracted again when leaving it.

In a double rainbow, a second arc is seen outside the primary arc, and has the order
of its colors reversed, with red on the inner side of the arc.