CAD MINI PROJECT

RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE

DAKAMARRI , VISAKHAPATNAM DIST

( AUTONOMOUS )

PROJECT TOPIC - TO ANALYZE THE GIVEN 2D TRUSSES

FOR THE GIVEN LOAD
CERTIFICATE
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT THIS IS A BONIFIDE MINI PROJECT WORK DONE BY
TEAM MEMBERS 17981A03M0 , 17981A03M1, 17981A03M2 , 17981A03M3 ,
17981A03M4 , 17981A03M5 , 17981A03M6 , 17981A03M8 , 17981A03M9 MEMBERS OF
BTECH 3RD YEAR 1ST SEMESTER , IN COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN
( CAD/CAM ) PROJECT OF MECHANICAL UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Mr.SIVA
KRISHNA SIR DEPARTMENT DURING THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2019-2020.

SIGNATURE OF PROJECT ADVISOR SIGNATURE OF H.O.D

DECLARATION
1
CAD MINI PROJECT

We hereby Declare that the mini project report entitled “ANALYZE THE GIVEN
2D TRUSSES FOR THE GIVEN LOAD “ submitted by us to RAGHU ENGINEERING
COLLEGE for the awarding of marks in CAD/CAM laboratory in MECHANICAL
DEPARTMENT .The record of Bonafide project work carried out by us under
the guidance of Mr. Sivakrishna Sir .

Team members are as follows :-

NAME OF THE TEAM MEMBER ROLL NO. SIGNATURE

S. VIGNESHWAR REDDY 17981A03M0
S. VIKAS 17981A03M1
S. BHANU PRASAD 17981A03M2
S. JAGADESH 17981A03M3
LAKSHMI NARASIMHA DORA 17981A03M4
SAI CHARAN.M 17981A03M5
S. GIRI 17981A03M6
S. YAGNESHWAR RAO 17981A03M8
S. BALAKRISHNA 17981A03M9

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

2
CAD MINI PROJECT

Sincere thanks to our academic supervisor, SIVA KRISHNA SIR for unmatched
guidance, invaluable advice and knowledge during the course of this research.
Thanks for his expert advice and constructive suggestions on COMPUTER
DESIGNING knowledge and experimental work throughout the whole period of
research.

We are also sincerely thanks to technical staff for their technical and
laboratory supports. Great appreciation towards those who given supports
directly or indirectly to make our group research process a success attempt.

ABSTRACT
3
CAD MINI PROJECT

Ansys is a software in which we perform tests on comp- onent to

know how is it going to react according to the given load. By the
means of the applied load on the body, it will take a deformation
according to the strength of the given material .When the load is
increased beyond the strength of the component it may get a
permanent deformation.
So, by Ansys we can know upto which load the component can resist
and in which direction the deformation will occur.
Ansys can be applied on any type of conditions like stresses and
strains acting on the beams, application of the load on the trusses
e.t.c .

4
CAD MINI PROJECT

CONTENT

SR.NO TOPIC PAGE NO.

1. INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6
2. INTRODUCTION TO FEM 6
3. INTRODUCTION TO TRUSSES 6
4. ABOUT 3D LINK 180 7
5. BASIC CONCEPTS 8
6. EXPERIMENT 9
7. RESULT 11
8. CONCLUSION 13

INTRODUCTION
5
CAD MINI PROJECT

ABOUT ANSYS
Ansys develops and markets FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS software used to simulate
engineering problems. The software creates simulated computer models of structures,
electronics, or machine components to simulate strength, toughness, elasticity,
temperature distribution, electromagnetism, fluid flow, and other attributes. Ansys is used
to determine how a product will function with different specifications, without building test
products or conducting crash tests. 
For example, Ansys software may simulate how a bridge will hold up after years of traffic,
how to best process salmon in a cannery to reduce waste, or how to design a slide that uses
less material without sacrificing safety.

ABOUT FEM/FEA

The finite element method (FEM) is a numerical method for solving problems of

engineering and mathematical physics. Typical problem areas of interest include structural
analysis, heat transfer, fluid flow, mass transport, and electromagnetic potential.
The analytical solution of these problems generally require the solution to boundary value
problems for partial differential equations

ABOUT TRUSSES
A truss is an assembly of beams or other elements that creates a rigid structure. In
engineering, a truss is a structure that "consists of two-force members only, where the
members are organized so that the assemblage as a whole behaves as a single object". A
"two-force member" is a structural component where force is applied to only two points.
Although this rigorous definition allows the members to have any shape connected in any

6
CAD MINI PROJECT

stable configuration, trusses typically comprise five or more triangular units constructed
with straight members whose ends are connected at joints referred to as nodes.

In this typical context, external forces and reactions to those forces are considered to act
only at the nodes and result in forces in the members that are either tensile or compressive.
For straight members, moments (torques) are explicitly excluded because, and only
because, all the joints in a truss are treated as revolute, as is necessary for the links to be
two-force members.
A planar truss is one where all members and nodes lie within a two-dimensional plane,
while a space truss has members and nodes that extend into three dimensions. The top
beams in a truss are called top chords and are typically in compression, the bottom beams
are called bottom chords, and are typically in tension

3D FINITE STN LINK 180

LINK180 is a 3-D spar that is useful in a variety of engineering applications. The element can be used
to model trusses, sagging cables, links, springs, and so on. The element is a uniaxial tension-
compression element with three degrees of freedom at each node: translations in the nodal x, y, and
z directions.

LINK180 Input Summary

Nodes
I, J
Degrees of Freedom
UX, UY, UZ
Material Properties

TB command: See Element Support for Material Models for this element.

MP command: EX, (PRXY or NUXY), ALPX (or CTEX or THSX), DENS, GXY, ALPD, BETD, DMPR
Surface Loads

None
Body Loads

Temperatures -- 

7
CAD MINI PROJECT

T(I), T(J)
Special Features

Intial state , Large deflection , Large Strain , Linear perturbation , Non Linear stabilization
, Ocean loading , Stress stiffing.

BASIC CONCEPTS
The subdivision of a whole domain into simpler parts has several advantages:

 Accurate representation of complex geometry

 Inclusion of dissimilar material properties
 Easy representation of the total solution
 Capture of local effects.

EXPERIMENT

8
CAD MINI PROJECT

Q.) Analysis the given 2d trusses for load in shown figure to find deformation
and reaction forces by applying suitable boundary conditions E = 2e11 ,
poisson ratio = 0.3 , area = 1250mm^2.

NODES X-CO ORDINATE Y-CO ORDINATE Z-CO ORDINATE

1 0 0 0
2 2500 0 0
3 0 3000 0
4 2500 3000 0

9
CAD MINI PROJECT

AIM : To find deformation and reaction forces by applying suitable boundary

conditions of given 2d trusses for loads.

SOFTWARE USED : ANSYS

PROCEDURE :
1.PREFERENCE – STRUCTURAL – OK.
2.PREPROCESSOR – ELEMENT TYPE – ADD/EDIT/DELETE – ADD – LINK – 3D
FINITE STN 180 – OK – CLOSE.
3.REAL CONSTANTS - ADD/EDIT/DELETE – ADD –OK – AREA (1250) – OK.
4. MATERIAL PROPS – MATERIAL MODELS – STRUCTURAL – LINEAR – ELASTIC –
ISOTROPIC – EX (2E11) – PRXY (0.3) – OK – CLOSE.
5. MODELLING - CREATE – NODES – IN ACTIVE CS - ....- OK.
6. MODELLING – ELEMENTS – AUTONUMBERED – THRU NODES – PICK ANY 2
NODES – APPLY – OK.
7. MESH – SIZE CTRL – MANUAL SIZE – LINES – ALL LINES –
ELEMENT EDGE LENGTH = 1
NO. OF ELEMENT DIVISIONS = 1
8. SOLN - DEFINE LOADS – APPLY – STRUCTURAL – DISPLACEMENTS – ON
NODES - PICK NODE FOR DISPLACEMENT CONSTRAINT – OK – ALL DOF – OK .
9.SOLN - DEFINE LOADS – APPLY – STRUCTURAL – FORCES/MOMENTS – ON
NODES - PICK NODES AT 3 AND 4 FORCE LOADING – OK – DIRECTION OF
FORCE (FY AND FX) – VALUE OF FORCES (-25000 AND 10000 ) – APPLY – OK.
10. SOLN – SOLVE – CURRENT LS – OK – CLOSE .
11. GENERAL PREPROCESSOR – PLOT RESULTS – CONTOUR PLOT – NODAL
SOLN – DOF SOLN – DISPALCEMENT VECTOR SUM – OK.
12. GENERAL PREPROCESSOR – PLOT RESULTS – CONTOUR PLOT – NODAL
SOLN – STRESS – VON MISSES STRESS – OK .

10
CAD MINI PROJECT

13. MENU – PLOT CTRL – STYLE – SIZE SHAPE – DISPLAY OF ELEMENT– ON –

OK.
14. PLOT CTRL – ANIMATE – DEFORMED RESULTS – STRESS – VON MISSES
STRESS – OK.

RESULT : Trusses Analysis is carried out and Results are plotted.

11
CAD MINI PROJECT

12
CAD MINI PROJECT

CONCLUSION

• ANSYS has enhanced capabilities in meshing, contacts, physics interaction,

solver performance and ease of use .

• HPC technology is needed for getting the results faster.

• ANSYS offers solutions which amplify engineering productivity for a wide

range of industries and applications.

13