Shortcut of Word

Below is a listing of all the major shortcut keys in Microsoft Word.
See the computer shortcut page if you are

looking for other shortcut keys used in other programs.
Shortcut Description
Ctrl + 0 Adds or removes 6pts of spacing before a paragraph.
Ctrl + A Select all contents of the page.
Ctrl + B Bold highlighted selection.
Ctrl + C Copy selected text.
Ctrl + D Open the font preferences window.
Ctrl + E Aligns the line or selected text to the center of the screen.
Ctrl + F Open find box.
Ctrl + I Italic highlighted selection.
Ctrl + J Aligns the selected text or line to justify the screen.
Ctrl + K Insert link.
Ctrl + L Aligns the line or selected text to the left of the screen.
Ctrl + M Indent the paragraph.
Ctrl + P Open the print window.
Ctrl + R Aligns the line or selected text to the right of the screen.
Ctrl + T Create a hanging indent.
Ctrl + U Underline highlighted selection.
Ctrl + V Paste.
Ctrl + X Cut selected text.
Ctrl + Y Redo the last action performed.
Ctrl + Z Undo last action.
Ctrl + Shift + L Quickly create a bullet point.
Ctrl + Shift + F Change the font.
Ctrl + Shift + > Increase selected font +1pts up to 12pt and then increases font +2pts.
Ctrl + ] Increase selected font +1pts.
Ctrl + Shift + < Decrease selected font -1pts if 12pt or lower, if above 12 decreases font by +2pt.
Ctrl + [ Decrease selected font -1pts.
Ctrl + / + c Insert a cent sign (¢).
Insert a character with an accent (grave) mark, where <char> is the character you
want. For example, if you wanted an accented è you would use Ctrl + ' + e as your
Ctrl + ' + <char>
shortcut key. To reverse the accent mark use the opposite accent mark, often on
the tilde key.
Ctrl + Shift + * View or hide non printing characters.
Ctrl + <left arrow> Moves one word to the left.
Ctrl + <right arrow> Moves one word to the right.
Ctrl + <up arrow> Moves to the beginning of the line or paragraph.
Ctrl + <down arrow> Moves to the end of the paragraph.
Ctrl + Del Deletes word to right of cursor.
Ctrl + Backspace Deletes word to left of cursor.
Ctrl + End Moves the cursor to the end of the document.
Ctrl + Home Moves the cursor to the beginning of the document.
Ctrl + Spacebar Reset highlighted text to the default font.
Ctrl + 1 Single-space lines.
Ctrl + 2 Double-space lines.
Ctrl + 5 1.5-line spacing.
Ctrl + Alt + 1 Changes text to heading 1.
Alt + Ctrl + F2 Open new document.
Ctrl + F1 Open the Task Pane.
Ctrl + F2 Display the print preview.
Ctrl + Shift + > Increases the highlighted text size by one.
Ctrl + Shift + < Decreases the highlighted text size by one.
Ctrl + Shift + F6 Opens to another open Microsoft Word document.
Ctrl + Shift + F12 Prints the document.
F1 Open Help.
F4 Repeat the last action performed (Word 2000+)
F5 Open the find, replace, and go to window in Microsoft Word.
F7 Spellcheck and grammar check selected text or document.
F12 Save as.
Change the text in Microsoft Word from uppercase to lowercase or a capital letter
Shift + F3
at the beginning of every word.
Shift + F7 Runs a Thesaurus check on the word highlighted.
Shift + F12 Save.
Shift + Enter Create a soft break instead of a new paragraph.
Shift + Insert Paste.
Shift + Alt + D Insert the current date.
Shift + Alt + T Insert the current time.
In addition to the above shortcut keys users can also use their mouse as a method of quickly do something
commonly performed. Below some are examples of mouse shortcuts.
Mouse shortcuts Description

Click, hold, and
Selects text from where you click and hold to the point you drag and let go.
drag
Double-click If double-click a word, selects the complete word.
Double-clicking on the left, center, or right of a blank line will make the alignment of the
Double-click
text left, center, or right aligned.
Double-click Double-clicking anywhere after text on a line will set a tab stop.
Triple-click Selects the line or paragraph of the text the mouse triple-clicked.
Zooms in and out of document.
Ctrl + Mouse
wheel
Ms Excel Shortcuts
CTRL+( Unhides any hidden rows within the selection.
CTRL+) Unhides any hidden columns within the selection.

CTRL+& Applies the outline border to the selected cells.
CTRL+_ Removes the outline border from the selected cells.
CTRL+~ Applies the General number format.
CTRL+$ Applies the Currency format with two decimal places (negative numbers in parentheses).
CTRL+% Applies the Percentage format with no decimal places.
CTRL+^ Applies the Exponential number format with two decimal places.
CTRL+# Applies the Date format with the day, month, and year.
CTRL+@ Applies the Time format with the hour and minute, and AM or PM.
Applies the Number format with two decimal places, thousands separator, and minus sign (-) for negative
CTRL+!
values.
CTRL+- Displays the Delete dialog box to delete the selected cells.
Selects the current region around the active cell (the data area enclosed by blank rows and blank
CTRL+* columns).
In a PivotTable, it selects the entire PivotTable report.

CTRL+: Enters the current time.
CTRL+; Enters the current date.
CTRL+` Alternates between displaying cell values and displaying formulas in the worksheet.
CTRL+' Copies a formula from the cell above the active cell into the cell or the Formula Bar.
CTRL+" Copies the value from the cell above the active cell into the cell or the Formula Bar.
CTRL++ Displays the Insert dialog box to insert blank cells.
CTRL+1 Displays the Format Cells dialog box.
CTRL+2 Applies or removes bold formatting.
CTRL+3 Applies or removes italic formatting.
CTRL+4 Applies or removes underlining.
CTRL+5 Applies or removes strikethrough.
CTRL+6 Alternates between hiding objects, displaying objects, and displaying placeholders for objects.
CTRL+7 Displays or hides the Standard toolbar.
CTRL+8 Displays or hides the outline symbols.
CTRL+9 Hides the selected rows.
CTRL+0 Hides the selected columns.

Selects the entire worksheet.
If the worksheet contains data, CTRL+A selects the current region. Pressing CTRL+A a second time
selects the entire worksheet.
CTRL+A
When the insertion point is to the right of a function name in a formula, displays the Function
Arguments dialog box.
CTRL+SHIFT+A inserts the argument names and parentheses when the insertion point is to the right
of a function name in a formula.
CTRL+B Applies or removes bold formatting.
Copies the selected cells.

CTRL+C
CTRL+C followed by another CTRL+C displays the Microsoft Office Clipboard.
Uses the Fill Down command to copy the contents and format of the topmost cell of a selected range into
CTRL+D
the cells below.
Displays the Find dialog box.

CTRL+F
SHIFT+F5 also displays this dialog box, while SHIFT+F4 repeats the last Find action.
Displays the Go To dialog box.
CTRL+G
F5 also displays this dialog box.
CTRL+H Displays the Find and Replace dialog box.
CTRL+I Applies or removes italic formatting.
Displays the Insert Hyperlink dialog box for new hyperlinks or the Edit Hyperlink dialog box for selected
CTRL+K
existing hyperlinks.
CTRL+L Displays the Create List dialog box.
CTRL+N Creates a new, blank file.
Displays the Open dialog box to open or find a file.

CTRL+O
CTRL+SHIFT+O selects all cells that contain comments.
CTRL+P Displays the Print dialog box.
Uses the Fill Right command to copy the contents and format of the leftmost cell of a selected range into the
CTRL+R
cells to the right.
CTRL+S Saves the active file with its current file name, location, and file format.
CTRL+U Applies or removes underlining.
Inserts the contents of the Clipboard at the insertion point and replaces any selection. Available only after
CTRL+V
you cut or copied an object, text, or cell contents.
CTRL+W Closes the selected workbook window.

CTRL+X Cuts the selected cells.
CTRL+Y Repeats the last command or action, if possible.
Uses the Undo command to reverse the last command or to delete the last entry you typed.
CTRL+Z
CTRL+SHIFT+Z uses the Undo or Redo command to reverse or restore the last automatic correction
when AutoCorrect Smart Tags are displayed.
Function keys
Key Description
Displays the Help task pane.
CTRL+F1 closes and reopens the current task pane.

F1
ALT+F1 creates a chart of the data in the current range.
ALT+SHIFT+F1 inserts a new worksheet.

Edits the active cell and positions the insertion point at the end of the cell contents. It also moves the
F2 insertion point into the Formula Bar when editing in a cell is turned off.
SHIFT+F2 edits a cell comment.

Pastes a defined name into a formula.
F3
SHIFT+F3 displays the Insert Function dialog box.
Repeats the last command or action, if possible.
F4
CTRL+F4 closes the selected workbook window.
Displays the Go To dialog box.
F5
CTRL+F5 restores the window size of the selected workbook window.
Switches to the next pane in a worksheet that has been split (Window menu, Split command).
SHIFT+F6 switches to the previous pane in a worksheet that has been split.
F6
CTRL+F6 switches to the next workbook window when more than one workbook window is open.
Note When the task pane is visible, F6 and SHIFT+F6 include that pane when switching between
panes.
Displays the Spelling dialog box to check spelling in the active worksheet or selected range.
F7
CTRL+F7 performs the Move command on the workbook window when it is not maximized. Use the
arrow keys to move the window, and when finished press ESC.
F8 Turns extend mode on or off. In extend mode, EXT appears in the status line, and the arrow keys extend
the selection.
SHIFT+F8 enables you to add a non-adjacent cell or range to a selection of cells by using the arrow keys.
CTRL+F8 performs the Size command (on the Control menu for the workbook window) when a
workbook is not maximized.
ALT+F8 displays the Macro dialog box to run, edit, or delete a macro.
Calculates all worksheets in all open workbooks.
F9 followed by ENTER (or followed by CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER for array formulas) calculates the
selected a portion of a formula and replaces the selected portion with the calculated value.
SHIFT+F9 calculates the active worksheet.

F9
CTRL+ALT+F9 calculates all worksheets in all open workbooks, regardless of whether they have
changed since the last calculation.
CTRL+ALT+SHIFT+F9 rechecks dependent formulas, and then calculates all cells in all open
workbooks, including cells not marked as needing to be calculated.
CTRL+F9 minimizes a workbook window to an icon.

Selects the menu bar or closes an open menu and submenu at the same time.
SHIFT+F10 displays the shortcut menu for a selected item.

F10
ALT+SHIFT+F10 displays the menu or message for a smart tag. If more than one smart tag is present, it
switches to the next smart tag and displays its menu or message.
CTRL+F10 maximizes or restores the selected workbook window.

Creates a chart of the data in the current range.
SHIFT+F11 inserts a new worksheet.

F11 ALT+F11 opens the Visual Basic Editor, in which you can create a macro by using Visual Basic for
Applications (VBA).
ALT+SHIFT+F11 opens the Microsoft Script Editor, where you can add text, edit HTML tags, and
modify any script code.
F12 Displays the Save As dialog box.
Other useful shortcut keys
Key Description
ARROW Move one cell up, down, left, or right in a worksheet.

KEYS
CTRL+ARROW KEY moves to the edge of the current data region in a worksheet.
SHIFT+ARROW KEY extends the selection of cells by one cell.

CTRL+SHIFT+ARROW KEY extends the selection of cells to the last nonblank cell in the same
column or row as the active cell.
LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW selects the menu to the left or right when a menu is visible.
When a submenu is open, these arrow keys switch between the main menu and the submenu.
DOWN ARROW or UP ARROW selects the next or previous command when a menu or
submenu is open.
In a dialog box, arrow keys move between options in an open drop-down list, or between options
in a group of options.
ALT+DOWN ARROW opens a selected drop-down list.

Deletes one character to the left in the Formula Bar.
BACKSPACE
Also clears the content of the active cell.
Removes the cell contents (data and formulas) from selected cells without affecting cell formats
DELETE or comments.
In cell editing mode, it deletes the character to the right of the insertion point.
Moves to the cell in the lower-right corner of the window when SCROLL LOCK is turned on.
Also selects the last command on the menu when a menu or submenu is visible.
END CTRL+END moves to the last cell on a worksheet, in the lowest used row of the rightmost used
column.
CTRL+SHIFT+END extends the selection of cells to the last used cell on the worksheet (lower-
right corner).
Completes a cell entry from the cell or the Formula Bar, and selects the cell below (by default).
In a data form, it moves to the first field in the next record.
Opens a selected menu (press F10 to activate the menu bar) or performs the action for a selected
command.
ENTER In a dialog box, it performs the action for the default command button in the dialog box (the
button with the bold outline, often the OK button).
ALT+ENTER starts a new line in the same cell.
CTRL+ENTER fills the selected cell range with the current entry.
SHIFT+ENTER completes a cell entry and selects the cell above.

Cancels an entry in the cell or Formula Bar.
ESC
It also closes an open menu or submenu, dialog box, or message window.
HOME Moves to the beginning of a row in a worksheet.
Moves to the cell in the upper-left corner of the window when SCROLL LOCK is turned on.
Selects the first command on the menu when a menu or submenu is visible.
CTRL+HOME moves to the beginning of a worksheet.
CTRL+SHIFT+HOME extends the selection of cells to the beginning of the worksheet.

Moves one screen down in a worksheet.
PAGE ALT+PAGE DOWN moves one screen to the right in a worksheet.

DOWN
CTRL+PAGE DOWN moves to the next sheet in a workbook.
CTRL+SHIFT+PAGE DOWN selects the current and next sheet in a workbook.

Moves one screen up in a worksheet.
ALT+PAGE UP moves one screen to the left in a worksheet.

PAGE UP
CTRL+PAGE UP moves to the previous sheet in a workbook.
CTRL+SHIFT+PAGE UP selects the current and previous sheet in a workbook.

In a dialog box, performs the action for the selected button, or selects or clears a check box.
CTRL+SPACEBAR selects an entire column in a worksheet.
SHIFT+SPACEBAR selects an entire row in a worksheet.

SPACEBAR
CTRL+SHIFT+SPACEBAR selects the entire worksheet.
 If the worksheet contains data, CTRL+SHIFT+SPACEBAR selects the current region. Pressing
CTRL+SHIFT+SPACEBAR a second time selects the entire worksheet.
 When an object is selected, CTRL+SHIFT+SPACEBAR selects all objects on a worksheet.
ALT+SPACEBAR displays the Control menu for the Excel window.

TAB Moves one cell to the right in a worksheet.
Moves between unlocked cells in a protected worksheet.
Moves to the next option or option group in a dialog box.
SHIFT+TAB moves to the previous cell in a worksheet or the previous option in a dialog box.
CTRL+TAB switches to the next tab in dialog box.
CTRL+SHIFT+TAB switches to the previous tab in a dialog box.

CSS Properties
Animation Properties
Property Description CSS
@keyframes Specifies the animation 3
A shorthand property for all the animation properties below, except the
animation 3
animation-play-state property
animation-name Specifies a name for the @keyframes animation 3
Specifies how many seconds or milliseconds an animation takes to complete

animation-duration 3
one cycle
animation-timing-function Specifies the speed curve of the animation 3

animation-delay Specifies when the animation will start 3
animation-iteration-count Specifies the number of times an animation should be played 3
Specifies whether or not the animation should play in reverse on alternate

animation-direction 3
cycles
animation-play-state Specifies whether the animation is running or paused 3
Background Properties
background Sets all the background properties in one declaration 1
background-attachment Sets whether a background image is fixed or scrolls with the rest of the page 1
background-color Sets the background color of an element 1
background-image Sets the background image for an element 1
background-position Sets the starting position of a background image 1
background-repeat Sets how a background image will be repeated 1
background-clip Specifies the painting area of the background 3
background-origin Specifies the positioning area of the background images 3
background-size Specifies the size of the background images 3
Border and Outline Properties

border Sets all the border properties in one declaration 1
border-bottom Sets all the bottom border properties in one declaration 1
border-bottom-color Sets the color of the bottom border 1
border-bottom-style Sets the style of the bottom border 1
border-bottom-width Sets the width of the bottom border 1
border-color Sets the color of the four borders 1
border-left Sets all the left border properties in one declaration 1
border-left-color Sets the color of the left border 1

border-left-style Sets the style of the left border 1
border-left-width Sets the width of the left border 1
border-right Sets all the right border properties in one declaration 1
border-right-color Sets the color of the right border 1
border-right-style Sets the style of the right border 1
border-right-width Sets the width of the right border 1
border-style Sets the style of the four borders 1
border-top Sets all the top border properties in one declaration 1
border-top-color Sets the color of the top border 1
border-top-style Sets the style of the top border 1
border-top-width Sets the width of the top border 1
border-width Sets the width of the four borders 1
outline Sets all the outline properties in one declaration 2
outline-color Sets the color of an outline 2
outline-style Sets the style of an outline 2
outline-width Sets the width of an outline 2
border-bottom-left-radius Defines the shape of the border of the bottom-left corner 3
border-bottom-right-radius Defines the shape of the border of the bottom-right corner 3
border-image A shorthand property for setting all the border-image-* properties 3
Specifies the amount by which the border image area extends beyond the
border-image-outset 3
border box
border-image-repeat Specifies whether the image-border should be repeated, rounded or stretched 3
border-image-slice Specifies the inward offsets of the image-border 3
border-image-source Specifies an image to be used as a border 3
border-image-width Specifies the widths of the image-border 3
border-radius A shorthand property for setting all the four border-*-radius properties 3
border-top-left-radius Defines the shape of the border of the top-left corner 3
border-top-right-radius Defines the shape of the border of the top-right corner 3
box-decoration-break 3
box-shadow Attaches one or more drop-shadows to the box 3
Box Properties
Specifies whether or not to clip the left/right edges of the content, if it

overflow-x 3
overflows the element's content area
Specifies whether or not to clip the top/bottom edges of the content, if it

overflow-y 3
overflows the element's content area
overflow-style Specifies the preferred scrolling method for elements that overflow 3
Rotates an element around a given point defined by the rotation-point

rotation 3
property
rotation-point Defines a point as an offset from the top left border edge 3
Color Properties
color-profile Permits the specification of a source color profile other than the default 3
opacity Sets the opacity level for an element 3
Permits the specification of a color profile rendering intent other than the
rendering-intent 3
default
Content for Paged Media Properties

bookmark-label Specifies the label of the bookmark 3
bookmark-level Specifies the level of the bookmark 3
bookmark-target Specifies the target of the bookmark link 3
Pushes floated elements in the opposite direction of the where they have
float-offset 3
been floated with float
Specifies the minimum number of characters in a hyphenated word after the

hyphenate-after 3
hyphenation character
Specifies the minimum number of characters in a hyphenated word before the

hyphenate-before 3
hyphenation character
hyphenate-character Specifies a string that is shown when a hyphenate-break occurs 3

hyphenate-lines Indicates the maximum number of successive hyphenated lines in an element 3
Specifies a comma-separated list of external resources that can help the

hyphenate-resource 3
browser determine hyphenation points
hyphens Sets how to split words to improve the layout of paragraphs 3
image-resolution Specifies the correct resolution of images 3
marks Adds crop and/or cross marks to the document 3
string-set 3
Dimension Properties
height Sets the height of an element 1
max-height Sets the maximum height of an element 2
max-width Sets the maximum width of an element 2
min-height Sets the minimum height of an element 2
min-width Sets the minimum width of an element 2
width Sets the width of an element 1
Flexible Box Properties

box-align Specifies how to align the child elements of a box 3
box-direction Specifies in which direction the children of a box are displayed 3
box-flex Specifies whether the children of a box is flexible or inflexible in size 3
box-flex-group Assigns flexible elements to flex groups 3
Specifies whether columns will go onto a new line whenever it runs out of
box-lines 3
space in the parent box
box-ordinal-group Specifies the display order of the child elements of a box 3
Specifies whether the children of a box should be laid out horizontally or

box-orient 3
vertically
box-pack Specifies the horizontal position in horizontal boxes and the vertical position in 3
vertical boxes
Font Properties
font Sets all the font properties in one declaration 1
font-family Specifies the font family for text 1
font-size Specifies the font size of text 1
font-style Specifies the font style for text 1
font-variant Specifies whether or not a text should be displayed in a small-caps font 1
font-weight Specifies the weight of a font 1
A rule that allows websites to download and use fonts other than the "web-
@font-face 3
safe" fonts
font-size-adjust Preserves the readability of text when font fallback occurs 3
font-stretch Selects a normal, condensed, or expanded face from a font family 3
Generated Content Properties

Used with the :before and :after pseudo-elements, to insert generated

content 2
content
counter-increment Increments one or more counters 2
counter-reset Creates or resets one or more counters 2
quotes Sets the type of quotation marks for embedded quotations 2
Allows a replaced element to be just a rectangular area of an object, instead

crop 3
of the whole object
Causes an element to be removed from the flow and reinserted at a later

move-to 3
point in the document
Determines which page-based occurance of a given element is applied to a

page-policy 3
counter or string value
Grid Properties
grid-columns Specifies the width of each column in a grid 3
grid-rows Specifies the height of each column in a grid 3
Hyperlink Properties
A shorthand property for setting the target-name, target-new, and target-

target 3
position properties
target-name Specifies where to open links (target destination) 3
Specifies whether new destination links should open in a new window or in a

target-new 3
new tab of an existing window
target-position Specifies where new destination links should be placed 3
Linebox Properties
alignment-adjust Allows more precise alignment of elements 3
alignment-baseline Specifies how an inline-level element is aligned with respect to its parent 3
Allows repositioning of the dominant-baseline relative to the dominant-

baseline-shift 3
baseline
dominant-baseline Specifies a scaled-baseline-table 3
drop-initial-after-adjust Sets the alignment point of the drop initial for the primary connection point 3
Sets which alignment line within the initial line box is used at the primary
drop-initial-after-align 3
connection point with the initial letter box
drop-initial-before-adjust Sets the alignment point of the drop initial for the secondary connection point 3
Sets which alignment line within the initial line box is used at the secondary
drop-initial-before-align 3
connection point with the initial letter box
drop-initial-size Controls the partial sinking of the initial letter 3
drop-initial-value Activates a drop-initial effect 3
Sets which line of a multi-line inline block align with the previous and next
inline-box-align 3
inline elements within a line
line-stacking A shorthand property for setting the line-stacking-strategy, line-stacking-ruby, 3

and line-stacking-shift properties
Sets the line stacking method for block elements containing ruby annotation
line-stacking-ruby 3
elements
Sets the line stacking method for block elements containing elements with
line-stacking-shift 3
base-shift
Sets the line stacking strategy for stacked line boxes within a containing block
line-stacking-strategy 3
element
text-height Sets the block-progression dimension of the text content area of an inline box 3
List Properties
list-style Sets all the properties for a list in one declaration 1
list-style-image Specifies an image as the list-item marker 1
Specifies if the list-item markers should appear inside or outside the content
list-style-position 1
flow
list-style-type Specifies the type of list-item marker 1
Margin Properties
margin Sets all the margin properties in one declaration 1
margin-bottom Sets the bottom margin of an element 1
margin-left Sets the left margin of an element 1
margin-right Sets the right margin of an element 1
margin-top Sets the top margin of an element 1
Marquee Properties
marquee-direction Sets the direction of the moving content 3
marquee-play-count Sets how many times the content move 3
marquee-speed Sets how fast the content scrolls 3

marquee-style Sets the style of the moving content 3
Multi-column Properties
column-count Specifies the number of columns an element should be divided into 3
column-fill Specifies how to fill columns 3
column-gap Specifies the gap between the columns 3
column-rule A shorthand property for setting all the column-rule-* properties 3
column-rule-color Specifies the color of the rule between columns 3
column-rule-style Specifies the style of the rule between columns 3
column-rule-width Specifies the width of the rule between columns 3
column-span Specifies how many columns an element should span across 3
column-width Specifies the width of the columns 3
columns A shorthand property for setting column-width and column-count 3
Padding Properties
padding Sets all the padding properties in one declaration 1
padding-bottom Sets the bottom padding of an element 1
padding-left Sets the left padding of an element 1
padding-right Sets the right padding of an element 1
padding-top Sets the top padding of an element 1
Paged Media Properties

Gives a hint for how to scale a replaced element if neither its width nor its
fit 3
height property is auto
fit-position Determines the alignment of the object inside the box 3
image-orientation Specifies a rotation in the right or clockwise direction that a user agent applies 3
to an image
page Specifies a particular type of page where an element SHOULD be displayed 3
size Specifies the size and orientation of the containing box for page content 3
Positioning Properties
bottom Specifies the bottom position of a positioned element 2
Specifies which sides of an element where other floating elements are not
clear 1
allowed
clip Clips an absolutely positioned element 2
cursor Specifies the type of cursor to be displayed 2
display Specifies how a certain HTML element should be displayed 1
float Specifies whether or not a box should float 1
left Specifies the left position of a positioned element 2
overflow Specifies what happens if content overflows an element's box 2
Specifies the type of positioning method used for an element (static, relative,
position 2
absolute or fixed)
right Specifies the right position of a positioned element 2
top Specifies the top position of a positioned element 2
visibility Specifies whether or not an element is visible 2
z-index Sets the stack order of a positioned element 2
Print Properties
Sets the minimum number of lines that must be left at the bottom of a page
orphans 2
when a page break occurs inside an element
page-break-after Sets the page-breaking behavior after an element 2
page-break-before Sets the page-breaking behavior before an element 2
page-break-inside Sets the page-breaking behavior inside an element 2
widows Sets the minimum number of lines that must be left at the top of a page when 2
a page break occurs inside an element
Ruby Properties
Controls the text alignment of the ruby text and ruby base contents relative to
ruby-align 3
each other
Determines whether, and on which side, ruby text is allowed to partially

ruby-overhang overhang any adjacent text in addition to its own base, when the ruby text is 3
wider than the ruby base
ruby-position Controls the position of the ruby text with respect to its base 3
ruby-span Controls the spanning behavior of annotation elements 3
Speech Properties
mark A shorthand property for setting the mark-before and mark-after properties 3
mark-after Allows named markers to be attached to the audio stream 3
mark-before Allows named markers to be attached to the audio stream 3
Specifies a phonetic pronunciation for the text contained by the

phonemes 3
corresponding element
rest A shorthand property for setting the rest-before and rest-after properties 3
Specifies a rest or prosodic boundary to be observed after speaking an

rest-after 3
element's content
Specifies a rest or prosodic boundary to be observed before speaking an

rest-before 3
element's content
voice-balance Specifies the balance between left and right channels 3
voice-duration Specifies how long it should take to render the selected element's content 3
voice-pitch Specifies the average pitch (a frequency) of the speaking voice 3
voice-pitch-range Specifies variation in average pitch 3
voice-rate Controls the speaking rate 3
voice-stress Indicates the strength of emphasis to be applied 3
voice-volume Refers to the amplitude of the waveform output by the speech synthesises 3
Table Properties
border-collapse Specifies whether or not table borders should be collapsed 2
border-spacing Specifies the distance between the borders of adjacent cells 2
caption-side Specifies the placement of a table caption 2
Specifies whether or not to display borders and background on empty cells in

empty-cells 2
a table
table-layout Sets the layout algorithm to be used for a table 2
Text Properties
color Sets the color of text 1
direction Specifies the text direction/writing direction 2
letter-spacing Increases or decreases the space between characters in a text 1
line-height Sets the line height 1
text-align Specifies the horizontal alignment of text 1
text-decoration Specifies the decoration added to text 1
text-indent Specifies the indentation of the first line in a text-block 1
text-transform Controls the capitalization of text 1
unicode-bidi 2
vertical-align Sets the vertical alignment of an element 1
white-space Specifies how white-space inside an element is handled 1
word-spacing Increases or decreases the space between words in a text 1
hanging-punctuation Specifies whether a punctuation character may be placed outside the line box 3
punctuation-trim Specifies whether a punctuation character should be trimmed 3
Describes how the last line of a block or a line right before a forced line break
text-align-last 3
is aligned when text-align is "justify"
text-justify Specifies the justification method used when text-align is "justify" 3
text-outline Specifies a text outline 3

text-overflow Specifies what should happen when text overflows the containing element 3
text-shadow Adds shadow to text 3
text-wrap Specifies line breaking rules for text 3
word-break Specifies line breaking rules for non-CJK scripts 3
word-wrap Allows long, unbreakable words to be broken and wrap to the next line 3
2D/3D Transform Properties

transform Applies a 2D or 3D transformation to an element 3
transform-origin Allows you to change the position on transformed elements 3
transform-style Specifies how nested elements are rendered in 3D space 3
perspective Specifies the perspective on how 3D elements are viewed 3
perspective-origin Specifies the bottom position of 3D elements 3
Defines whether or not an element should be visible when not facing the
backface-visibility 3
screen
Transition Properties
transition A shorthand property for setting the four transition properties 3
transition-property Specifies the name of the CSS property the transition effect is for 3
Specifies how many seconds or milliseconds a transition effect takes to

transition-duration 3
complete
transition-timing-function Specifies the speed curve of the transition effect 3
transition-delay Specifies when the transition effect will start 3
User-interface Properties
appearance Allows you to make an element look like a standard user interface element 3
box-sizing Allows you to define certain elements to fit an area in a certain way 3
icon Provides the author the ability to style an element with an iconic 3
equivalent
nav-down Specifies where to navigate when using the arrow-down navigation key 3
nav-index Specifies the tabbing order for an element 3
nav-left Specifies where to navigate when using the arrow-left navigation key 3
nav-right Specifies where to navigate when using the arrow-right navigation key 3
nav-up Specifies where to navigate when using the arrow-up navigation key 3
outline-offset Offsets an outline, and draws it beyond the border edge 3
resize Specifies whether or not an element is resizable by the user 3
In CSS, selectors are patterns used to select the element(s) you want to style.
The "CSS" column indicates in which CSS version the property is defined (CSS1, CSS2, or CSS3).
Selector Example Example description CSS
.class .intro Selects all elements with class="intro" 1
#id #firstname Selects the element with id="firstname" 1
* * Selects all elements 2
element p Selects all <p> elements 1
element,element div,p Selects all <div> elements and all <p> elements 1
element element div p Selects all <p> elements inside <div> elements 1
element>element div>p Selects all <p> elements where the parent is a <div> element 2
Selects all <p> elements that are placed immediately after <div>
element+element div+p 2
elements
[attribute] [target] Selects all elements with a target attribute 2
[attribute=value] [target=_blank] Selects all elements with target="_blank" 2
Selects all elements with a title attribute containing the word

[attribute~=value] [title~=flower] 2
"flower"
[attribute|=value] [lang|=en] Selects all elements with a lang attribute value starting with "en" 2
:link a:link Selects all unvisited links 1
:visited a:visited Selects all visited links 1
:active a:active Selects the active link 1
:hover a:hover Selects links on mouse over 1

:focus input:focus Selects the input element which has focus 2
:first-letter p:first-letter Selects the first letter of every <p> element 1
:first-line p:first-line Selects the first line of every <p> element 1
:first-child p:first-child Selects every <p> element that is the first child of its parent 2
:before p:before Insert content before the content of every <p> element 2
:after p:after Insert content after every <p> element 2
Selects every <p> element with a lang attribute value starting

:lang(language) p:lang(it) 2
with "it"
element1~element2 p~ul Selects every <ul> element that are preceded by a <p> element 3
Selects every <a> element whose src attribute value begins with
[attribute^=value] a[src^="https"] 3
"https"
Selects every <a> element whose src attribute value ends with
[attribute$=value] a[src$=".pdf"] 3
".pdf"
Selects every <a> element whose src attribute value contains the
[attribute*=value] a[src*="w3schools"] 3
substring "w3schools"
Selects every <p> element that is the first <p> element of its
:first-of-type p:first-of-type 3
parent
Selects every <p> element that is the last <p> element of its
:last-of-type p:last-of-type 3
parent
Selects every <p> element that is the only <p> element of its
:only-of-type p:only-of-type 3
parent
:only-child p:only-child Selects every <p> element that is the only child of its parent 3
:nth-child(n) p:nth-child(2) Selects every <p> element that is the second child of its parent 3
Selects every <p> element that is the second child of its parent,
:nth-last-child(n) p:nth-last-child(2) 3
counting from the last child
Selects every <p> element that is the second <p> element of its
:nth-of-type(n) p:nth-of-type(2) 3
parent
Selects every <p> element that is the second <p> element of its
:nth-last-of-type(n) p:nth-last-of-type(2) 3
parent, counting from the last child
:last-child p:last-child Selects every <p> element that is the last child of its parent 3
:root :root Selects the document’s root element 3
:empty p:empty Selects every <p> element that has no children (including text 3
nodes)
Selects the current active #news element (clicked on a URL

:target #news:target 3
containing that anchor name)
:enabled input:enabled Selects every enabled <input> element 3
:disabled input:disabled Selects every disabled <input> element 3
:checked input:checked Selects every checked <input> element 3
:not(selector) :not(p) Selects every element that is not a <p> element 3
::selection ::selection Selects the portion of an element that is selected by a user 3

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Below is a listing of all the major shortcut keys in Microsoft Word.

See the computer shortcut page if you are

Mouse shortcuts Description

CTRL+) Unhides any hidden columns within the selection.

CTRL+_ Removes the outline border from the selected cells.

CTRL+~ Applies the General number format.

CTRL+% Applies the Percentage format with no decimal places.

In a PivotTable, it selects the entire PivotTable report.

CTRL+; Enters the current date.

CTRL++ Displays the Insert dialog box to insert blank cells.

CTRL+1 Displays the Format Cells dialog box.

CTRL+2 Applies or removes bold formatting.

CTRL+3 Applies or removes italic formatting.

CTRL+4 Applies or removes underlining.

CTRL+5 Applies or removes strikethrough.

CTRL+7 Displays or hides the Standard toolbar.

CTRL+8 Displays or hides the outline symbols.

CTRL+9 Hides the selected rows.

CTRL+0 Hides the selected columns.

Copies the selected cells.

Displays the Find dialog box.

CTRL+I Applies or removes italic formatting.

CTRL+L Displays the Create List dialog box.

CTRL+N Creates a new, blank file.

Displays the Open dialog box to open or find a file.

CTRL+U Applies or removes underlining.

CTRL+W Closes the selected workbook window.

CTRL+Y Repeats the last command or action, if possible.

Displays the Help task pane.

CTRL+F1 closes and reopens the current task pane.

ALT+SHIFT+F1 inserts a new worksheet.

SHIFT+F2 edits a cell comment.

SHIFT+F9 calculates the active worksheet.

CTRL+F9 minimizes a workbook window to an icon.

SHIFT+F10 displays the shortcut menu for a selected item.

CTRL+F10 maximizes or restores the selected workbook window.

SHIFT+F11 inserts a new worksheet.

Other useful shortcut keys

ARROW Move one cell up, down, left, or right in a worksheet.

SHIFT+ARROW KEY extends the selection of cells by one cell.

ALT+DOWN ARROW opens a selected drop-down list.

In a data form, it moves to the first field in the next record.

ALT+ENTER starts a new line in the same cell.

SHIFT+ENTER completes a cell entry and selects the cell above.

CTRL+HOME moves to the beginning of a worksheet.

CTRL+SHIFT+HOME extends the selection of cells to the beginning of the worksheet.

PAGE ALT+PAGE DOWN moves one screen to the right in a worksheet.

CTRL+SHIFT+PAGE DOWN selects the current and next sheet in a workbook.

ALT+PAGE UP moves one screen to the left in a worksheet.

CTRL+SHIFT+PAGE UP selects the current and previous sheet in a workbook.

CTRL+SPACEBAR selects an entire column in a worksheet.

SHIFT+SPACEBAR selects an entire row in a worksheet.

ALT+SPACEBAR displays the Control menu for the Excel window.

Moves between unlocked cells in a protected worksheet.

Moves to the next option or option group in a dialog box.

CTRL+TAB switches to the next tab in dialog box.

CTRL+SHIFT+TAB switches to the previous tab in a dialog box.

@keyframes Specifies the animation 3

animation-name Specifies a name for the @keyframes animation 3

Specifies how many seconds or milliseconds an animation takes to complete

animation-timing-function Specifies the speed curve of the animation 3

animation-iteration-count Specifies the number of times an animation should be played 3

Specifies whether or not the animation should play in reverse on alternate

animation-play-state Specifies whether the animation is running or paused 3