1.7.

Member Size and Check Stability

1.7.1 Purlin and Sagrod

1.7.1.1 Material Specification
Yield stress fy = 240 MPa
Ultimate stress fu = 370 MPa
Residual stress fr = 70 MPa
Modulus of elasticity E = 200,000 MPa
Poisson's ratio u = 0.3

1.7.1.2 Profile Specification

Lip Channel : C.150.50.20.2,3

ht = 150 mm
b = 50 mm
a = 20 mm
t = 2 mm
A = 632 mm2
Ix = 2,100,000 mm4
Iy = 219,000 mm4
Sx = 28,000 mm3
Sy = 6,330 mm3
rx = 63 mm
ry = 18.6 mm
c = 15.5 mm
Profile Weight, w = 5.0 kg/m

Strength reduction factor fb = 0.90

Shear reduction factor ff = 0.75
Sagrod diameter d = 10.00 mm
Slant distance between purlin s = 1,000 mm
Purlin length L1 = 6,000 mm
Distance between sagrod L2 = 2,000 mm
Roof angle a = 10 °

1.7.1.3 Section Properties

a. Shear modulus (G)
G = E / [ 2 * (1 + u) ]
= 76,923.08 Mpa

b. Profile clearence (h)

h₀ = ht - t
= 147.70 mm
 c. Torsion constants (J)
J = 2 * 1/3 * b * t3 + 1/3 * (ht - 2 * t) * t3 + 2/3 * (a - t) * t3
= 1,138.83 mm4

d. Flection constants (Cw)

Cw = Iy * h2 / 4
1,194,387,128 mm6

e. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient

X1 = p/Sx * √ [ E * G * J * A/2 ]
= 8,350 Mpa

f. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient

X2 = 4 * [ Sx / (G * J) ] * Iw / Iy
2

= 0.00223 mm2/N2

g. Plastic section modulus of the X-axis

Zx = 1/4 * ht * t2 + a * t * (ht - a) + t * (b - 2 * t) * (ht - t)
= 21,601 mm3

h. Plastic section modulus of the Y-axis

Zy = ht*t*(c - t/2) + 2*a*t*(b - c - t/2) + t * (c - t)2 + t * (b - t - c)2
= 10,804 mm3

1.7.1.4 Purlin Load

a. Dead Load
Wide Q
Load Type Weight Unit
(m) (N/m)
Self weight 49.6 N/m 55.0
Roof weight 150.0 N/m2 1.2 180.0
Total Dead Load Q DL 235.0 N/m
 b. Live Load
Uniform load (QLL)
Live loads due to rain water load equivalent to the load calculated height of 25
mm thick puddles.

Purlin distance (s) = 1 m

Water density = 1000 kg/m3 = 10 kN/m3

Wide Q
Load Type Weight Unit
(m) (N/m)
Rain load 250.0 N/m 250.0
Total Live Load QLL 250.0

Concentrated load (PLL)

Concentrated loads caused by workers or people = 1000 N

Wide P
Load Type Weight Unit
(m) (N)
Concentrated Load 1000 N 1000
Total Dead Load PLL 1000

1.7.1.5 Ultimate Load

a. Ultimate uniform load (Qu)

Qu = 1.2QDL + 1.6QLL
= 682 N/m

b. Ultimate concentrated load (Pu)

Pu = 1.6PLL
= 1,600 N/m
 c. Roof angle (a)
a = 0.1745 rad

d. Uniform load on the X-axis (Qux)

Qux = Qu * cos a *10-3
= 0.6716 N/mm

e. Uniform load on the Y-axis (Qux)

Quy = Qu * sin a *10-3
= 0.1184 N/mm

f. Concentrated load on the X-axis (Pux)

Pux = Pu * cos a
= 1,575.69 N

g. Concentrated load on the Y-axis (Puy)

Puy = Pu * sin a
= 277.84 N

1.7.1.6 Moment and Shear Force due to Ultimate Loads

a. Purlin span length on the X-axis (Lx)
Lx = L1 = 6,000 mm

b. Purlin span length on the Y-axis (Ly)

Ly = L2 = 2,000 mm

Dimana
r²ts = √(Iy*Cw) /Sx
r²ts = 577.61
rts = 24.034
c. Moment due to ultimate loads to the X-axis (Mux)
Mux = 1/10 * Qux * Lx2 + 1/8 * Pux * Lx
= 3,599,669.30 Nmm

d. Moment at quarter span (MA)

MA = 2,699,751.97 Nmm

e. Moment at half span (MB)

MB = 3,599,669.30 Nmm

f. Moment at 3/4 span (MC)

MC = 2,699,751.97 Nmm
 g. Moment due to ultimateoads to the Y-axis (Mux)
Muy = 1/10 * Quy * Ly2 + 1/8 * Puy * Ly
= 116,830.49 Nmm

h. Shear Force due to ultimate loads on the X-axis (Vux)

Vux = Qux * Lx + Pux
= 5,605.53 N

i. Shear Force due to ultimate loads on the Y-axis (Vuy)

Vuy = Quy * Ly + Puy
= 514.69 N

1.7.1.7 Nominal Effect of Local Buckling Moment

Effect of local buckling on flank :
a. Slenderness of The Flank Section
l = b/t
= 21.74

b. Maximum Slenderness Limits for Compact Cross-Section

lp = 0,38 * √(E/ fy ) ( SNI 2015 - B4.1b )
= 10.97

c. Maximum Slenderness Limits for Non=Compact Cross-Section

lr = 1,0 * √ (E / fy ) ( SNI 2015 - B4.1b )
= 28.87

d. Plastic Moment (Mp)

Mpx = fy * Zx
= 5,184,290.2 Nmm

e. Plastic Moment of The Y-axis (Mpy)

Mpy = fy * Zy
= 2,593,064.16 Nmm

f. Bending Moment on The X-axis Limits

Mrx = Sx * ( fy - fr )
= 4,760,000.0 Nmm

g. Bending Moment on The Y-axis Limits

Mry = Sy * ( fy - fr )
= 1,076,100.00 Nmm

Nominal cross-sectional moment conditions :

a. Compact cross section (l £ lp)
Mn = Mp

b. Non Compact cross section (lp < l £ lr)

Mn = Mp - (Mp - Mr) * ( l - lp) / ( lr - lp)

c. Sectional trim l > lr

Mn = Mr * ( lr / l )2

Of calculation obtained the following results :

l > lp and l < lr

 Based on the value of the slenderness of the flank, including the cross-section :
Non-Compact

Nominal moment cross the X-axis is calculated as follows:

Compact : Mn = Mp = - Nmm

Non-compact : Mn = Mp-(Mp - Mr)*( l - lp)/( lr - lp) = 4,928,986.9 Nmm

Sectional trim : Mn = Mr * ( lr / l )2 = - Nmm

Mnx = 4,928,986.9 Nmm

So the nominal moment cross the X-axis is equal to the Non-Compact

at : 4928986.85 Nmm

Nominal moment cross the Y-axis is calculated as follows:

Compact : Mn = Mp = - Nmm

Non-compact : Mn = Mp-(Mp - Mr)*( l - lp)/( lr - lp) = 1,680,278.52 Nmm

Sectional trim : Mn = Mr * ( lr / l )2 = - Nmm

Mny = 1,680,278.52 Nmm

So the nominal moment cross the Y-axis is equal to the Non-Compact

at : 1,680,278.52 Nmm

1.7.1.8 Nominal Effect of Lateral Buckling Moment

Nominal moment component structures with lateral buckling effect is calculated as
follows :
a. Short Span (L ≤ Lp)
Mn = Mp = fy * Zx

b. Medium Span (Lp ≤ L ≤ Lr)

Mn = Cb * [Mp-( Mp - 0,7fy*Sx ) * (L-Lp) / (Lr-Lp) ] ≤ Mp
c. Long Span (L > Lr)
Mn = Fcr * Sx ≤ Mp
Dimana :
Fcr = ( Cb*π²*E)/(L/rts)^2* √ 1 + 0,078*(Jc/(Sx*h₀))*(L/rts)²
= 346.81

d. The maximum span length of the beam is able to hold the plastic moment (Lp)
Lp = 1.76 * ry * √ ( E / fy )
= 945.01 mm

e. The difference between the yield stress and residual stress (fL)
fL = fy - fr
= 170 Mpa

f. Minimum length of span beam prisoners critical buckling moment determined by lateral
torsional (Lr)
Lr = 1,95rts*(E/0,7*fy)* √(Jc/Sx*h₀) + √(Jc/Sx*h₀)² + 6,76*(0,7fy/E)²
= 2776.56 mm

g. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient (Cb)

Cb = 12.5 * Mux / ( 2.5*Mux + 3*MA + 4*MB + 3*MC )
= 1.14

h. Plastic moment of the X-axis (Mpx)

Mpx = fy * Zx
= 5,184,290.2 Nmm

i. Plastic moment of the Y-axis (Mpy)

Mpy = fy * Zy
= 2,593,064.16 Nmm

j. Bending moment on the X-axis limits (Mrx)

Mrx = Sx * (fy - fr)
= 4,760,000.0 Nmm

k. Bending moment on the Y-axis limits (Mry)

Mry = Sy * (fy - fr)
= 1,076,100.00 Nmm

l. Span length of the Y-axis (distance lateral support), L = L2

L = 2,000.00 mm

Of calculation, obtained the following results :

L > Lp dan L < Lr

thus belongs to the category : medium span

 Nominal moment on the X-axis is calculated as follows :
Mnx = Mpx = fy * Zx = - Nmm

Mnx =Cb * [Mpx-( Mpx - 0,7fy*Sx ) * (L-Lp) / (Lr-Lp) ] = 5,576,861.7 Nmm

Mnx = Fcr * Sx = - Nmm

Mnx = 5,576,861.7 Nmm

So the nominal moment on the X-axis for medium span structure is at 5,576,861.7
Nmm

Mnx > Mpx, so the nominal moment for the X-axis is used for 5,184,290.2
Nmm

Nominal moment on the Y-axis is calculated as follows :

Mny = Mpx = fy * Zy = - Nmm

Mny =Cb * [Mpy-( Mpy - 0,7fy*Sy ) * (L-Lp) / (Lr-Lp) ] = 1,945,438.24 Nmm

Mny = Fcr * Sy = - Nmm

Mny = 1,945,438.24 Nmm

So the nominal moment on the X-axis for medium span structure is at 1,945,438.24
Nmm

Mny < Mpy, so the nominal moment for the X-axis is used for 1,945,438.24
Nmm

1.7.1.9 Resistance Bending Moment

Nominal moment on the X-axis
a. By the influence of local buckling Mnx = 4,928,986.9 Nmm
b. By the influence of lateral buckling Mnx = 5,184,290.2 Nmm
c. Nominal moment to determine the smallest X-axis Mnx = 4,928,986.9 Nmm
d. Resistance bending moment on the X-axis = fb * Mnx = 4,436,088.2 Nmm

Nominal moment on the Y-axis

a. By the influence of local buckling Mny = 1,680,278.52 Nmm
b. By the influence of lateral buckling Mny = 1,945,438.24 Nmm
c. Nominal moment to determine the smallest X-axis Mny = 1,680,278.52 Nmm
d. Resistance bending moment on the X-axis = fb * Mny = 1,512,250.67 Nmm

Moment due to ultimate loads to the X-axis Mux = 3,599,669.30 Nmm

Moment due to ultimate loads to the Y-axis Muy = 116,830.49 Nmm
 Mux / ( fb * Mnx ) = 0.8115
Muy / ( fb * Mny ) = 0.0773

Requirements that must be met are :

Mux / ( fb * Mnx ) + Muy / ( fb * Mny ) ≤ 1.0
0.8887 < 1.0 (SAFE)

1.7.1.10 Shear Resistance

Profile without stiffener plate thickness shall meet the following requirements :
h/t ≤ 2,24 * Ö ( E / fy )
64.22 < 64.66 Thickness profile qualify

a. Shear force due to ultimate loads on the X-axis (Vux)

Vux = 5,605.53 N

b. Cross-sectional area profile (Aw)

Aw = t * ht
= 345 mm2

c. Nominal shear resistance on the X-axis (Vnx)

Vnx = 0.60 * fy * Aw * Cv
= 49,680.00 N

d. Shear resistance of the X-axis

ff * Vnx = 37,260.00 N

e. Shear force due to ultimate loads on the Y-axis (Vuy)

Vuy = 514.69 N

f. Cross-sectional area profile (Af)

Af = 2*b*t
= 230 mm2

g. Nominal shear resistance on the X-axis (Vny)

Vny = 0.60 * fy * Aw * Cv
= 33,120.00 N

h. Shear resistance of the X-axis

ff * Vnx = 24,840.00 N

Vux / ( ff * Vnx ) = 0.1504

Vuy / ( ff * Vny ) = 0.0207

Requirements that must be met are :

Vux / ( ff * Vnx ) + Vuy / ( ff * Vny ) ≤ 1.0
0.1712 < 1.0 (SAFE)
1.7.1.11 Shear and Bending Moment Interaction Control
Requirements that must be met for the shear and bending moment interaction is :
Mu / ( fb * Mn ) + 0.625 * Vu / ( ff * Vn ) £ 1.375

Mu / ( fb * Mn = Mux / ( fb * Mnx ) + Muy / ( fb * Mny )

= 0.8887

Vu/( ff * Vn ) = Vux / ( ff * Vnx ) + Vuy / ( ff * Vny )

= 0.1712

Mu / ( fb * Mn ) + 0.625 * Vu / ( ff * Vn ) = 0.996

0.996 < 1.375 SAFE

1.7.1.12 Sagrod Tensile Resistance

a. Ultimate uniform load on purlin (Quy)
Quy = 0.1184 N/mm

b. Ultimate concentrated load on purlin (Puy)

Puy = 277.84 N

c. Sagrod length (Ly)

Is equal to the distance between purlin
Ly = L2 = 2000 mm

d. Tensile force on sagrod due ultimate load (Tu)

Tu = Quy * Ly + Puy
= 514.69 N

e. Yield stress (fy) = 240 MPa

f. Ultimate stress (fu) = 370 MPa

g. Sagrod diameter (d)

d = 10 mm

h. Sagrod gross cross-sectional area (Ag)

Ag = p / 4 * d2
= 78.54 mm2

i. Sagrod effective cross-sectional area (Ae)

Ae = 0.9 * Ag
= 70.686 mm2
j. Sagrod tensile resistance by the gross cross-sectional area
f * Tn = 0.90 * Ag * fy
= 16,964.60 N

k. Sagrod tensile resistance by the effective cross-sectional area

f * Tn = 0.75 * Ae * fu
= 19,615.32 N

Use the smallest tensile resistance f * Tn = 16,964.60 N

Requirements that must be met are : Tu £ f * Tn

514.69 < 16,964.60 (SAFE)
1.6.2 Beam Without Stiffenes
1.6.2.1 Material Specification
Yield stress fy = 240 MPa
Residual stress fr = 115 MPa
Modulus of elasticity E = 200,000 MPa
Poisson's ratio u = 0.3

1.6.2.2 Profile Specification

Wide flange : 400x200x8x13

ht = 400 mm
tf bf = 200 mm
tw = 8 mm
tw tf = 13 mm
h h2 ht r = 16 mm
A = 8,410 mm2
Ix = 237,000,000 mm4
r
h1 Iy = 17,400,000 mm4
bf rx = 168 mm
ry = 45.4 mm
Sx = 1,190,000 mm3
Sy = 174,000 mm3
Weight w= = 647 N/m
1.6.2.3 Beam Data
Length of the X-axis elements Lx = 8,000 mm
Length of the Y-axis elements (lateral support Ly = 4,000.00 mm
distance)
Maximum moment due to ultimate loads Mu = 160,000,000 Nmm
Moment at quarter span (MA) MA = 122,000,000 Nmm
Moment at half span (MB) MB = 146,000,000 Nmm
Moment at 3/4 span (MC) MC = 115,000,000 Nmm
Shear force due to ultimate loads Vu = 60,000 N
Strength reduction factor for bending moment fb = 0.90
Strength reduction factor for shear force ff = 0.75

1.6.2.4 Section Properties

a. Shear modulus (G)
G = E / [ 2 * (1 + u) ]
= 76,923.08 Mpa

b. Number of flange thickness and radius (h 1)

h1 = tf + r
= 29 mm

c. Profile clearence (h2)

h2 = ht - 2 * h1
= 342.00 mm

d. Center to center distance between the flange profile (h)

h = ht - tf
= 387.00 mm

e. Torsion constants (J)

= 2 * 1/3 * bf * tf + 1/3 * (ht - 2 * tf) * tw
3 3
J
= 356,762.67 mm4

f. Flection constants (Iw)

Iw = I y * h2 / 4
651,495,150,000 mm6

e. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient

X1 = p/Sx * √ [ E * G * J * A/2 ]
= 12,683 Mpa
 f. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient
X2 = 4 * [ Sx / (G * J) ] * Iw / Iy
2

= 0.00028 mm2/N2

g. Plastic section modulus of the X-axis

Zx = tw * ht / 4 + ( bf - tw ) * ( ht - tf ) * tf
2

= 1,285,952 mm3

h. Plastic section modulus of the Y-axis

Zy = tf * bf / 2 + ( ht - 2 * tf ) * tw / 4
2 2

= 265,984 mm3

1.6.2.6 Local Buckling Effect on Nominal Moment

a. Slenderness of The flange Section
l = bf / t f
= 15.38

b. Maximum Slenderness Limits for Compact Cross-Section

lp = 170 / √ fy
= 10.97

c. Maximum Slenderness Limits for Non=Compact Cross-Section

lr = 370/ √ (fy - fr)
= 33.09

d. Plastic Moment (Mp)

Mp = f y * Zx
= 308,628,480 Nmm

f. Bending Moment (Mr)

Mr = Sx * ( fy - fr )
= 148,750,000 Nmm

Nominal cross-sectional moment conditions :

a. Compact cross section (l £
Mn Mp lp )
=

b. Non Compact cross section (l p < l £ lr)

Mn = Mp - (Mp - Mr) * ( l- - lp) / ( lr - l p)

c. Sectional trim l > lr

Mn = Mr * ( l r
/ l) ) 2

Of calculation obtained the following results :

l > lp and l < lr

 Based on the value of the slenderness of the flange, including the cross-section :
Non-Compact

Nominal moment is calculated as follows:

Compact : Mn = Mp = - Nmm

Non-compact : Mn = Mp-(Mp - Mr)*( l- - l p)/( l r - l = 276,746,079 Nmm

Sectional trim : Mn = Mr * ( l r / l) )
2
= - Nmm
Mn = 276,746,079 Nmm

So the nominal moment cross section is equal to the Non-Compact at : 276,746,079

Nmm.

1.6.2.7 Nominal Moment On a Full-walled Beams

a. Slenderness of the web section
l = h/ tw
= 48.38

for section with dimension h/ tw > lr

nominal moment must be calculate with the following formula :

Mn = Kg * S * fcr
with, Kg = 1 - [ ar / (1200 + 300 * ar) ] * [ h / tw - 2550 / Ö fcr ]

for slenderness :
a. lG ≤ lp
fcr = fy

b. lp < l G ≤ lr
fcr = Cb * fy * [ 1 - ( lG - lp ) / ( 2 * ( lr - lp ) ) ] ≤ fy

c. lG > lr
fcr = fc * ( lr / lG )2 ≤ fy

for lateral torsional buckling :

fc = Cb * fy / 2 ≤ fy

for local buckling :

fc = fy / 2

Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient calculated by the formula :

Cb = 12.5 * Mu / ( 2.5*Mu + 3*MA + 4*MB + 3*MC ) < 2.3
= 1.18 < 2.3
so taken value Cb = 1.18

Extensive comparison between the web and flange :

ar = h * t w / ( bf * t f )
= 1.19

Moment of Inertia (I1)

I1 = Iy / 2 - 1/12 * tw3 * 1/3 * h2
= 8,695,136 mm4

Sectional Area (A1)

A1 = A / 2 - 1/3 * tw * h2
= 3,293 mm2

The radius of gyration area a third of the flange plus web in compression is equal (r 1) :
r1 = Ö ( I1 / A1
= 51.39 mm

Nominal Moment Based on Lateral Torsional Buckling

a. Distance between the lateral bracing (L)
L = Ly
= 4,000 mm
b. Slenderness rate (lG)
lG = L / r1
= 77.84

c. Slenderness limit for the maximum cross-sectional

Compact cross section = lp = 1.76 * √ (E/fy)
= 50.807

Non-Compact cross section = lr = 4.40 * √ (E/fy)

= 127.02

d. Reference stress for lateral torsional buckling moment (f c)

fc = Cb * fy / 2
= 141.59 Mpa

fc < fy , so the value of fc is 141.59 Mpa

e. Cross-section critical stress is as follows:

If lG ≤ lp
fcr = fy = 240 Mpa

If lp < l G ≤ lr
fcr = Cb* fy*[ 1 - ( lG - lp) ( 2*( lr - lp)) ] = 232.96 Mpa

If lG > lr
fcr = fc * ( lr / lG )2 = - Mpa

so use the value of the critical stress cross-section is 240.00 Mpa

fcr < fy , so the value of fcr is 240 Mpa

f. Elastic section modulus (S)

S = Sx
= 1,190,000 mm

g. Walled full web coefficient (Kg)

Kg = 1 - [ ar / (1200 + 300 * ar) ] * [ h / tw - 2550 / Ö fcr ]
= 1.09

h. Cross sectional nominal moment (Mn)

Mn = Kg * S * fcr
= 310,982,774 Nmm
Nominal Moment Based by Local Buckling on Flange
a. Slenderness of the flange section (lG)
lG = bf / (2 * tf)
= 7.69

b. Web slenderness factor (ke)

ke = 4 / Ö ( h / tw )
= 0.575 < 0.763

be used for the value of ke = 0.5751

c. Slenderness limit for the maximum cross-sectional

Compact cross section = lp = 0.38 * √ (E/fy)
= 10.97

Non-Compact cross section = lr = 1.35 * √ (ke * E/fy)

= 29.55

lG < lp dan lG < lp

Based on flange slenderness value, cross section type is compact

d. Reference stress for local torsional buckling moment (f c)

fc = fy / 2
= 120.00 Mpa

fc < fy , so the value of fc is 120 Mpa

e. Cross-section critical stress is as follows:

If lG ≤ lp
fcr = fy = 240 Mpa

If lp < l G ≤ lr
fcr = Cb* fy*[ 1 - ( lG - lp) ( 2*( lr - lp)) ] = - Mpa

If lG > lr
fcr = fc * ( lr / lG )2 = - Mpa

so use the value of the critical stress cross-section is 240 Mpa

fcr < fy , so the value of fcr is 240 Mpa

f. Elastic section modulus (S)

S = Sx
= 1,190,000 mm
 g. Walled full web coefficient (Kg)
Kg = 1 - [ ar / (1200 + 300 * ar) ] * [ h / tw - 2550 / Ö fcr ]
= 1.09

h. Cross sectional nominal moment (Mn)

Mn = Kg * S * fcr
= 310,982,774 Nmm

1.6.2.8 Lateral Buckling Effect on Nominal Moment

Nominal moment component structures with lateral buckling effect is calculated as
follows :
a. Short Span (L ≤ Lp)
Mn = Mp = f y * Zx

b. Medium Span (Lp ≤ L ≤ Lr)

Mn = Cb * [ Mr + ( Mp - Mr ) * ( Lr - L ) / ( Lr - Lp ) ] ≤ Mp

c. Long Span (L > Lr)

Mn = Cb * p/L*√ [E * Iy * G * J + (p * E/L )2 * Iy * Iw] ≤ Mp

d. The maximum span length of the beam is able to hold the plastic moment (Lp)
Lp = 1.76 * ry * √ ( E / fy )
= 2306.63 mm

e. The difference between the yield stress and residual stress (f L)

fL = fy - fr
= 125 Mpa

f. Minimum length of span beam durability critical buckling moment determined by lateral
torsional (Lr)
Lr = ry * X1 / fL * √ [ 1 + √ ( 1 + X2 * fL2 ) ]
= 8,398.14 mm

g. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient (C b)

Cb = 12.5 * Mux / ( 2.5*Mux + 3*MA + 4*MB + 3*MC )
= 1.18

h. Plastic moment (Mp)

Mp = f y * Zx
= 308,628,480 Nmm

i. Bending moment (Mr)

Mr = Sx * ( fy - fr )
= 148,750,000 Nmm
 j. Distance between the lateral bracing (L)
L = Ly
= 4,000 mm

Of calculation, obtained the following results :

L > Lp dan L < Lr

thus belongs to the category : medium span

Nominal moment ois calculated as follows :

Mn = M p = f y * Zx = - Nmm

Mn = Cb * [ Mr + ( Mp - Mr ) * ( Lr - L )/( Lr - Lp ) ] = 311,721,646 Nmm

Mn = Cb*p/L* √[E*Iy*G*J + (p*E/L )2 * Iy * Iw ] = - Nmm

Mn = 311,721,646 Nmm

So the nominal moment of medium span structure is at 311,721,646 Nmm

Mnx > Mpx, so the nominal moment for this case is used for 308,628,480
Nmm

1.6.2.10 Bending Moment Durability

a. Nominal moment due to local buckling = 276,746,079 Nmm
b. Nominal Moment On a Full-walled Beams
Nominal Moment due to Lateral Torsional Buckling = 310,982,774 Nmm
Nominal Moment due to Local Buckling on Flange = 310,982,774 Nmm
c. Lateral Buckling Effect on Nominal Moment = 308,628,480 Nmm

The smallest Mn value is taken from the whole calculation, and the result is :
Mn = 308,628,480 Nmm

Bending moment durability = fb * Mn

= 277,765,632 Nmm

Safety control : Mu £ f b * Mn
160,000,000 < 277,765,632 (SAFE)

Mu / ( f b * M n ) = 0.576 < 1.0 (OK)

1.6.2.15 Shear Durability

Web plate thickness without stiffenes must be qualified with the following condition :
h2/tw £ 6.36 * Ö ( E / fy )
42.75 < 183.6 (Qualified)
 a. Cross sectional area (Aw)
Aw = tw * ht
= 3200 mm2

b. Nominal shear force durability

Vn = 0.60 * fy * Aw
= 460800 N

c. Shear force durability

ff * Vn = 345600 N

Control : Vu ≤ ff * Vn
60,000 > 345,600 (SAFE)

Vu / ff * Vn = 0.174 < 1.0 (OK)

1.6.2.16 Interaction of Shear and Bending Moment

Elements that carry a combination of shear and bending should be controlled with the
following requirements :
Mu / ( fb * Mn ) + 0.625 * Vu / ( ff * Vn ) ≤ 1.375
0.685 < 1.375 (SAFE)
 SIZE
NO SIZE A B C
mm in mm in mm
1 C.200.75.20.3,2 200 7.874 75 2.953 20
2 C.150.75.20.4,5 150 5.906 75 2.953 20
3 C.150.65.20.3,2 150 5.906 65 2.559 20
4 C.150.50.20.4,5 150 5.906 50 1.969 20
5 C.150.50.20.3,2 150 5.906 50 1.969 20
6 C.150.50.20.2,3 150 5.906 50 1.969 20
7 C.125.50.20.4,5 125 4.921 50 1.969 20
8 C.125.50.20.4,0 125 4.921 50 1.969 20
9 C.125.50.20.3,2 125 4.921 50 1.969 20
10 C.125.50.20.2,3 125 4.921 50 1.969 20
11 C.100.50.20.4,5 100 3.937 50 1.969 20
12 C.100.50.20.4,0 100 3.937 50 1.969 20
13 C.100.50.20.3,2 100 3.937 50 1.969 20
14 C.100.50.20.2,6 100 3.937 50 1.969 20
15 C.100.50.20.2,3 100 3.937 50 1.969 20
16 C.100.50.20.1,6 100 3.937 50 1.969 20
17 C.75.45.15.2,3 75 2.953 45 1.772 15
18 C.75.45.15.1,6 75 2.953 45 1.772 15
19 C.60.30.10.2,3 60 2.362 30 1.181 10
20 C.60.30.10.1,6 60 236.200 30 1.181 10
ZE CENTER OF
SECTION AREA WEIGHT
C t Cx
in mm in cm² in² kg/m kg/ft lb/ft cm
0.787 3.2 0.126 11.810 1.831 9.270 2.824 6.229 0
0.787 4.5 0.177 13.970 2.165 11.000 3.351 7.392 0
0.787 3.2 0.126 9.567 1.483 7.510 2.288 5.047 0
0.787 4.5 0.177 11.720 1.817 9.200 2.802 6.182 0
0.787 3.2 0.126 8.607 0.207 6.760 2.059 4.543 0
0.787 2.3 0.150 6.322 0.980 4.960 1.511 3.333 0
0.787 4.5 0.177 10.590 1.641 8.320 2.534 5.591 0
0.787 4 0.157 9.548 1.480 7.500 2.285 5.040 0
0.787 3.2 0.126 7.807 1.210 6.130 1.867 4.119 0
0.787 2.3 0.150 5.747 0.891 4.510 1.374 3.031 0
0.787 4.5 0.177 9.469 1.468 7.430 2.263 4.993 0
0.787 4 0.167 8.548 1.325 6.710 2.044 4.509 0
0.787 3.2 0.126 7.007 1.086 5.500 1.675 3.696 0
0.787 2.6 0.102 5.796 0.898 4.550 1.386 3.057 0
0.787 2.3 0.091 5.172 0.802 4.060 1.237 2.728 0
0.787 1.6 0.063 3.672 0.569 2.880 0.877 1.935 0
0.591 2.3 0.091 1.170 0.641 3.250 0.990 2.184 0
0.591 1.6 0.063 2.952 0.458 2.320 0.707 1.559 0
0.394 2.3 0.091 2.872 0.445 2.250 0.685 1.512 0
0.394 1.6 0.063 2.072 0.321 1.630 0.496 1.095 0
CENTER OF GRAVITY MOMENT OF INERTIA RADIUS OF GYRATION
Cx Cy Ix Iy ix
in cm in cm4 in4 cm4 in4 cm in
0 2.270 0.894 721.000 17.320 87.500 2.102 7.770 3.059
0 2.500 0.984 489.000 11.750 99.200 2.383 5.920 2.331
0 2.110 0.131 332.000 7.976 53.800 1.293 5.890 2.319
0 1.540 0.604 368.000 8.841 35.700 0.858 5.600 2.205
0 1.540 0.604 280.000 6.727 28.300 0.680 5.710 2.248
0 1.550 0.610 210.000 5.045 21.900 0.526 5.770 2.272
0 1.680 0.661 238.000 5.718 33.500 0.805 4.740 1.866
0 1.680 0.661 217.000 5.213 33.100 0.795 4.770 1.878
0 1.680 0.661 181.000 4.349 26.600 0.639 4.820 1.898
0 1.690 0.665 137.000 3.291 20.600 0.495 4.880 1.921
0 1.860 0.732 139.000 3.339 30.900 0.742 3.820 1.504
0 1.860 0.732 127.000 3.051 28.700 0.690 3.850 1.516
0 1.860 0.732 107.000 2.571 24.500 0.589 3.900 1.535
0 1.860 0.732 89.700 2.155 21.000 0.509 3.930 1.547
0 1.860 0.732 80.700 1.939 19.000 0.456 3.950 1.555
0 1.870 0.736 58.400 1.403 14.000 0.336 3.990 1.571
0 1.720 0.677 37.100 0.891 11.800 0.283 3.000 1.181
0 1.720 0.677 27.100 0.651 8.710 0.209 3.030 1.193
0 1.060 0.417 15.600 0.375 3.320 0.080 2.330 0.917
0 1.060 0.417 11.600 0.279 2.560 0.062 2.370 0.933
ADIUS OF GYRATION SECTION MODULUS
iy Zx Zy
cm in cm³ in³ cm³ in³
2.710 1.067 72.100 4.400 16.800 1.025
2.660 1.047 65.200 3.979 19.800 1.208
2.370 0.933 44.300 2.703 12.200 0.744
1.750 0.689 49.000 2.990 10.500 0.641
1.810 0.713 37.400 2.282 8.190 0.031
1.860 0.772 28.000 1.709 6.330 0.513
1.780 0.701 38.000 2.319 10.100 0.616
1.810 0.713 34.700 2.117 9.380 0.572
1.850 0.728 29.000 1.770 8.020 0.489
1.890 0.783 21.900 1.336 6.220 0.520
1.810 0.713 27.700 1.690 5.820 0.599
1.830 0.720 25.400 1.550 9.130 0.557
1.870 0.736 21.300 1.300 7.810 0.477
1.900 0.748 17.900 1.092 6.680 0.408
1.920 0.756 16.100 0.982 6.060 0.370
1.950 0.768 11.700 0.714 4.470 0.273
1.090 0.665 9.900 0.604 4.240 0.259
1.720 0.677 7.240 0.442 3.130 0.191
1.070 0.421 5.200 0.317 1.710 0.104
1.110 0.437 3.880 0.237 1.320 0.081