Bahasa Ingrris Fixed

READING (TEXT)
1. Descriptive Text
a. Definition :
Descriptive Text is a text which says what a person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to
describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing.” (teks yang menjelaskan
gambaran seseorang atau benda. Tujuannya adalah mengambarkan atau
mengungkapkan orang, tempat atau benda tertentu)
b. Generic Structure :
1. Identification : Identifies phenomenon (person, place, or thing) that will be
described. (berisi tentang identifikasi hal / seorang yang akan dideskripsikan.
2. Description : Describes parts, qualities, characteristics, etc (berisi tentang
penjelasan / penggambaran tentang hal / seseorang dengan menyebutkan beberapa
sifatnya.)
c. Text :
Losari Beach
Losari beach is a beautiful beach and located on the edge city of Makassar. It is
located only about 3 km from the center of Makassar (Karebosi Park). The beach used
to be the longest café in Asia, because many cafes stand in along the beach, but now
the cafes are collected in a special place so it does not spread along the coast. Charm
of the beach is mainly seen in the evening when the sunset stands out. This is a major
attraction of people’s coming to the Losari beach. Every evening hundreds of people
come to witness the panorama of red as the sun will disappear into the ocean, so do not
miss the sunset at the Losari beach. If the sky is sunny, the scenery is absolutely
perfect. Because of its location in a bay, the water of Losari is even often quiet as
usual pool water.
Losari is its waterfront of Makassar. The lengthy of the beach is approximately

one kilometer and it is a public space that can be accessed by anyone. On this beach
there is a park called the Pelataran Bahari (Marine Park), with semicircular area of
nearly one hectare. This place is a plaza with a clean floor for children to play and
running around, while parents and teens sit on concrete benches to enjoy the sea
breeze. From this place, you are also free to view out to the sea and watch the sunset
slowly turns reddish in the line of the horizon. The reflected light also creates sheen on
the surface of sea water.
The Pelataran Bahari also serves as the stadium of open water to watch the
coastal waters in front of Losari beach. This coastal water is often used as a racecourse
jet ski, boat races and traditional boat jolloro katinting, or become a transit point of
rely of Sandeq traditional sailboats and yachts.
In Losari there are also a few hotels. Some of them qualified as a tree stars
hotel. The hotel is offering panoramic beauty of the sea with luxury service treats.
There are Losari Beach Hotel, Losari Beach Inn, Makassar Golden Hotel, and Pantai
Gapura Hotel. All of the hotels located in Jalan Penghibur.
d. Soal :
1. Where is Losari beach located?
A. Losari beach is located on the edge city of Makassar only about 3 km from the center
of Makassar .
B. Losari beach is located on the edge city of Palembang only about 6 km from the center
of Palembang.
C. Losari beach is located on the edge city of Makassar only about 3 km from the center
of Palembang .
D. Losari beach is located on the edge city of Makassar only about 6 km from the center
of Palembang.
E. Losari beach is located on the edge city of Makassar only about 6 km from the center
of Makassar .
2. What attraction does Losari beach offer?

A. Losari beach offers its charming sunrise
B. Losari beach offers some appatizer
C. Losari beach offers a bad view
D. Losari beach offers its charming sunset.
E. Losari beach offers nothing
3. Based on the text, how long is Losari beach?

A. Approximately three kilometer
B. Approximately one kilometer.
C. Approximately two kilometer
D. Approximately five kilometer
E. Approximately six kilometer
4. What is the name of the place where the children can play and run?
A. The Pelataran Bahari.
B. The Pelataran Baharu.
C. The Losari beach
D. Pantai Gapura Hotel
E. Makassar golden Hotel
5. How many hotels does the writer mention?

A. Four hotels
B. Five hotels
C. Three hotels.
D. One hotels
E. Ten hotels
2. Announcement Text
a. Definition :
An announcement is a written or spoken statement in public or formal words
containing information about an event that has happened or is going to happen so
publicly people know what, when, and where it is about.
b. Generic Structure :
1. Stating Purpose: The text that contains what event will be held
2. Stating Day and Date: Day and Date realization. The text that contains
when the event will be held
3. Stating Place: The text that contains where the event will be held
4. Informing Sender: The text that contains name of the person who will be
contacted
c. Text :
Mighty River Short Story Contest
Deadline December 10, 2008
About the contest:
We're searching for the best short story relating in some way to the Mississippi
River, the River Valley, or a sister River: its landscape, people, culture, history,
current events, or future.
Semi-finalists will be chosen by a regional team of published writers. The final
manuscript will be chosen by Susan Swartwout, publisher of Southeast Missouri
State University Press.
Winner receives an award of $500 and publication in Big Muddy: A Journal of
the Mississippi River Valley.
Winner will be announced December 15, 2008.
Mail manuscripts to:
MRSS Contest
Southeast Missouri State University Press MS 2650, One University Plaza Cape
Girardeau, MO 63701
d. Soal :
1. What is the announcement about?
A. Regional publishers
B. Some rivers in Mississippi
C. The deadline of a contest
D. Short story contest
E. Winners of writing contest
2. When will be the end for the participants send their manuscript?
A. December 10, 2008
B. December 11, 2009
C. December 20, 2008
D. December 20, 2009
E. December 11, 2008
3. Southeast Missouri State University Press MS 2650, One University
Plaza Cape Girardeau, MO 63701 is the address of ……..
A. Participants
B. Winner
C. Senders
D. Publisher
E. Committee
4. “Winner receives an award of $500 and publication in Big Muddy”

The antonym of the underlined word is ………
A. Makes
B. Tells
C. Chooses
D. Wins
E. Gives
5. Which statement is NOT TRUE according to the announcement above?

The camping participants should…
A. neglect the rules and regulations set by the committee
B. arrive punctually in agreement with the time arranged by the
committee
C. bring everything they need during the camping the activity
D. maintain good relationship with the people around
E. show good attitude all the time
3. Recount Text
o Definition
Recount Text is a text which retells events or experiences in the past. Its purpose is
either to inform or to entertain the audience. There is no complication among the
participants and that differentiates from narrative.
o Generic Structure
1. Orientation : Introducing the participants, place and time
2. Events : Describing series of event that happened in the past
3. Reorientation : It is optional. Stating personal comment of the writer to the story
o Example of Text
Visiting Bali
There were so many places to see in Bali that my friend decided to join the tours to see as
much as possible. My friend stayed in Kuta on arrival. He spent the first three days swimming
and surfing on Kuta beach. He visited some tour agents and selected two tours. The first one was
to Singaraja, the second was to Ubud.
On the day of the tour, he was ready. My friend and his group drove on through mountains.
Singaraja is a city of about 90 thousands people. It is a busy but quiet town. The street are lined
with trees and there are many old Dutch houses. Then they returned very late in the evening to
Kuta.
The second tour to Ubud was a very different tour. It was not to see the scenery but to see the
art and the craft of the island. The first stop was at Batubulan, a center of stone sculpture. There
my friend watched young boys were carving away at big blocks of stone. The next stop was
Celuk, a center for silversmiths and goldensmiths. After that he stopped a little while for lunch at
Sukawati and on to mass. Mass is a tourist center
My friend ten-day-stay ended very quickly beside his two tour, all his day was spent on the
beach. He went sailing or surfboarding every day. He was quiet satisfied.
o Question
Read the following text to answer questions number 1 to 5.
The police thought that two burglars started the robbery at 151 Pattimura street on Sunday
afternoon. The burglars broke into the students’ room while they were going to a football game.
They never thought that while they were away, burglars would break into their boarding house.
1. The communicative purpose of this text is………

A. To retell events for the purpose of informing
B. To present perspective points about an issue
C. To describe the way they are
A. To acknowledge readers about informative events
D. To share an amusing incident
2. The text is in form of a/an………
A. Description
B. Report
C. Anecdote
D. Recount
E. News item
3. Where did the robbery take place?

A. At 151 pattimura street
B. At 151 gajahmada street
C. At 161 pattimura street
D. At 212 sisingamangaraja street
E. At 161 sisingamangaraja street
4. When did the robbery happen?

A. Sunday morning
B. Sunday afternoon
C. Saturday morning
D. Saturday afternoon
E. Monday evening
5. The lexico grammatical features are mostly written in………..

A. Passive voice
B. Direct speech
C. Reported speech
D. Simple past tense
E. Simple present tense
4. Narrative text
o Definition
Narrative Text is a text focusing specific participants. Its social function is to tell stories or
past events and entertain the readers.
o Generic Structure
1. Orientation : Introducing the participants and informing the time and the place
2. Complication : Describing the rising crises which the participants have to do with
3. Resolution : Showing the way of participant to solve the crises, better or worse
o Example of Text
Cinderella
Once upon a time, there was a young girl named Cinderella. She lived with her step mother
and two step sisters.
The step mother and sisters were conceited and bad tempered. They treated Cinderella very
badly. Her step mother made Cinderella do the hardest works in the house; such as scrubbing the
floor, cleaning the pot and pan and preparing the food for the family. The two step sisters, on the
other hand, did not work about the house. Their mother gave them many handsome dresses to
wear.
One day, the two step sister received an invitation to the ball that the king’s son was going to
give at the palace. They were excited about this and spent so much time choosing the dresses
they would wear. At last, the day of the ball came, and away went the sisters to it. Cinderella
could not help crying after they had left.
“Why are crying, Cinderella?” a voice asked. She looked up and saw her fairy godmother
standing beside her, “because I want so much to go to the ball” said Cinderella. “Well” said the
godmother,”you’ve been such a cheerful, hardworking, uncomplaining girl that I am going to see
that you do go to the ball”.
Magically, the fairy godmother changed a pumpkin into a fine coach and mice into a
coachman and two footmen. Her godmother tapped Cinderella’s raged dress with her wand, and
it became a beautiful ball gown. Then she gave her a pair of pretty glass slippers. “Now,
Cinderella”, she said; “You must leave before midnight”. Then away she drove in her beautiful
coach.
Cinderella was having a wonderfully good time. She danced again and again with the
king’s son. Suddenly the clock began to strike twelve, she ran toward the door as quickly as she
could. In her hurry, one of her glass slipper was left behind.
A few days later, the king’ son proclaimed that he would marry the girl whose feet fitted
the glass slipper. Her step sisters tried on the slipper but it was too small for them, no matter how
hard they squeezed their toes into it. In the end, the king’s page let Cinderella try on the slipper.
She stuck out her foot and the page slipped the slipper on. It fitted perfectly.
Finally, she was driven to the palace. The king’s son was overjoyed to see her again.
They were married and live happily ever after.
o Question
The Legend of Lake Batur
A long time ago, there lived on the island of Bali a giant like creature named kbo lwo. The
people of Bali used to say that Kbo lwo was everything, a destroyer as will as creator. He was
satisfied with the meal, but this meant for the balinese people enough food for a thousand men.
Difficulties arose when for the first time the barns were almost empty and the new harvest
was still a long way off. This made Kbo lwo wild with great anger. In his hunger, he destroyed
all the houses and even all the temples. It made the balinese turn to rage. So, they came together
to plan steps to appose this powerful giant by using his stupidity.
They asked Kbo lwo to bild them a very deep well, and rebuild all the houses and temples he
had destroyed. After they fed Kbo lwo, he began to deep hole. One day he eaten too much, he
fell asleep in the hole. The oldest man in the village gave a sign , and the villagers began to
throw the limestone they had collected before into the hole. The limestone made the water inside
the hole bolling. Kbo lwo was buried alive. Then the water in the well rose higher and higher
until at last it overflowed and formed Lake Batur. The mound of earth dug from the wellby Kbo
lwo is known Mount Batur.
1. What is the communicative purpose of the text...??? to....

A. Inform readers about the legend of lake batur
B. Enter tain readers with a story
C. Persuade
D. Retell about the legend of lake batur
E. Share an account of an unusual event
2. “along time ago, there lived on the island of Bali agiant like creature name Kbo lwo.”
(paragraph 1). This sentence fun chouse as an...
A. Twist
B. Coda
C. Abstrack
D. Reorientation
E. Orientation
3. Where text a place of the Lake batur...???

A. In surabaya
B. In australia
C. In jakarta
D. In bali island
E. In home
4. What did caused kbo lwo anger?
A. Because the new harvest was still a long away off
B. Because the new harvest was still a long away on
C. Because kbo lwo hungry
D. Because kbo lwo sleepy
E. Because kbo lwo tired
5. What is the ask kbo lwo to do..??

A. They asked kbo lwo to build them avery deep well and rebuild all the house and temples he
had destroyed
B. They asked kbo lwo to build them avery deep well and rebuild all the house and temples he
had lifed
C. They asked kbo lwo to build them avery deep well and rebuild all the house and temples he
had dead
D. They asked want to sleep
E. They asked want to go to top mounth
5. Analytical Exposition Text

o Definition
Analytical Exposition is a text that elaborates the writer‘s idea about the phenomenon
surrounding. Its social function is to persuade the reader that the idea is important matter, and to
analyze the topic that the thesis/opinion is correct by developing an argument to support it.
o Generic Structure
1. Thesis : Introducing the topic and indicating the writer’s point of view.
2. Argument : Explaining the argument to support the writer’s position. The number of
arguments may vary, but each argument must be supported by evidence and explanation.
3. Reiteration : Restating the writer’s point of view / to strengthen the thesis. We can use the
following phrase to make conclusion in reiteration
o Example of Text
The Importance of Breakfast
Why is breakfast important? “Breakfast like a King, Lunch like a Prince and Dine like a
Pauper” It’s a well known phrase, but do you follow it?
Breakfast provides many benefits to our health and wellbeing. Breakfast provides the
body and brain with fuel after an overnight fast – that’s where its name originates, breaking the
fast! Without breakfast you are effectively running on empty, like trying to start the car with no
petrol!
Breakfast support cognitive function. Breakfast also restores glucose levels, an essential
carbohydrate that is needed for the brain to function. Breakfast provides energy, studies have
shown how eating breakfast can improve memory and concentration levels and it can also make
us happier as it can improve mood and lower stress levels.
Breakfast provides energy needs. People’s energy needs vary depending on activity levels
and life stage but typically men require more energy than women. Growing children require a lot
of energy, as an example boys aged 7-10 years should consume approximately 1970 kcals per
day, and girls aged 7-10 years should consume approximately 1740 kcals.
o Question
Everybody should change their way of life to reduce global warming. There are several
things that we can do. One of them is by buying and consuming fresh local groceries as much as
possible. It of course includes local vegetables, fruits, bread, etc.
Local groceries don’t need much transportation to get it into the market. It of course means, the
amount of carbon dioxide produced is less than the groceries from other region. Therefore, by
buying local groceries we are helping reduce the amount of carbon dioxide produced.
Consuming fresh groceries instead of frozen ones are healthier for us. Furthermore, fresh
food or groceries means no requirements for it to be freeze up. It means that no electricity is
needed and saving energy means reducing carbon dioxide and money.
So, from now on we should consume fresh local groceries to reduce global warming.
1. The text gives us information about ….

A. The ways to minimize global warning
B. The ways to increase global warning
C. The effects of global warning
D. The importance of consuming local groceries
E. The importance of knowing global warming gr
2. To reduce the global warming we should ….

A. Buy import product
B. Buy expensive clothes
C. Consume frozen foods
D. Consume fresh foods
E. Not use electricity efficiently
3. We are helping reduce the amount of global warming” (Paragraph 2) The underlined word can
be replaced by ….
A. Increase
B. Decrease
C. Improve
D. Add
E. Maximize
The use of formalin and other dangerous preservatives in food has been serious problem
for three reasons. Firstly, formalin is not for human beings, but it is for biological specimens and
experiments. Formalin in Biology is a 10% solution of formaldehyde in water which is usually
used as a disinfectant or to preserve biological specimens. Thus, it is not for food preservatives.
Of course when it is used for food preservative, it will be very dangerous to human’s body.
The second reason is that there is no tight control from the government. This condition
makes the people’s health is really in a threat. When the control is weak and the use formalin
was spread wide all over the Indonesian regions, and these days it has really happened, the
citizen's bodies will be badly contaminated with the poisons. Fish or food traders still sell their
products which contain formalin and dangerous preservatives. Can you imagine that our
digestive system absorbs the substance that should be for the human and animal corpses?
Considering the reasons, we can make a conclusion that the use of formalin and other
preservatives is really a serious problem if it is not resolved immediately.
oceries to reduce global warming.
4. Based on the facts above, the writer suggest that ... .

A. People have to avoid consuming formalin in their food
B. The use of formal dehyde is necessary to control the food
C. People should add 100% solution of formaldehyde in water
D. The food preservative is required to make the food delicious
E. Food seller is supposed to pour formalin for vegetables and food products
5. What is the generic structure of the text?

A. Arguments-Recommendation-Thesis
B. Thesis-Argument-Recommendation
C. Thesis-Argument-Reiteration
D.Thesis-Supporting Points-Contrasting Points-Reiteration
E. Reiteration-Arguments-Thesis
6. Hortatory Exposition Text

o Definition
Hortatory Exposition Text is a kind of English text that belongs to the argumentative text .
Hortatory Exposition is a type of English text which represents the author’s attempt to influence
the reader to do something or act in a particular way. In Hortatory Exposition Text, the authors
give some opinions about certain things to reinforce the main idea of the text.
o Generic Structure
1. Thesis : the writer point of view about the topic discussed.
2. Arguments : series of argument which strengthen the thesis stated before.
3. Recommendation : the writer gives recommendation to the reader.
o Example of Text
Why People Should Exercise
In the past, I have never been inclined to participate in sports. Honestly, I didn’t like it,
but many persons whom I lived with kept telling me everyday how good it was. Since the peer
pressure was growing, I decided to go to the gym. It wasn’t until then that I could really
understand people when they said exercise really helped a person get organized and keep
yourself in a healthy physically and mentally.
For starters, when you are a lazy person, it is difficult to take the first step, but it is all a
matter of committing yourself to something that will provide you a lot of positive feedback.
Once you start doing exercise and observing positive results, you actually enjoy it. It takes a lot
of effort and strong will, but it’s worth it. The principal thing to do is to participate in an activity
you like. If you do you’ll start organizing your day in a way that enables you to do everything
you have to, including exercising. You will no longer be a person stressed-out without time to
carry on with all your activities.
Second, it is obvious that once you exercise you will have a better condition. You will be
healthier in a physical way. It is probable that you will lose weight and your muscles will get
stronger and stronger. Your body will feel good, full of energy and it will respond immediately
to any action you want to do, any activity that has to be done with high spirits.
The third reason why exercising is good is that it affects you positively in a mental and
psychological way. Doing exercise helps you set specific goals which along with strong will can
be achieved. When you do that, you are aware of your abilities, accept your weaknesses, and
your self-esteem goes up. Any sport distracts you because it helps you not to think about school,
friends, problems, among other things. It brings you time to think about yourself and no one else.
It helps you keep your mind busy and to avoid dangerous habits like drugs.
Doing exercise is very important to any person of any age. The positive effects of
exercising, which I’ve already mentioned, are like a chain. Once you do a sports activity that you
like, you get organized; therefore, you start doing things the right way and get enormous benefits
which make you feel good as a whole human being. You start living your life happily.
o Question
Should Americans be forced to Public Transportation?

First, let me define what the question is and isn’t asking. It isn’t asking if we should we
all abandon cars right now, nor is it asking if we should abandon them completely, nor is it
asking if every American should do so. It is asking weather some Americans should have to take
public transit some of the time, and I would say yes.
Oil use and pollution aside, in some cities like Los Angeles and New York there just isn’t
room for any more roads, so in order for large cities to grow, they need more people to take
public transit or risk permanent traffic jam. One bus can safely hold 40 people so even at half
capacity that’s nearly 20 cars’ worth of space in traffic cleared up, and nearly 20 parking spaces
that don’t need to built.
There are a lot of people that can take with transit little inconvenience but simply don’t
because they never have in the past. If residents in areas with plenty of transit had to buy transit
passes as part of their property taxes then they would have little excuse not to bus occasionally.
QA number of universities already bundle a ‘U-Pass’ with their tuition feeds, forcing their
students to take the bus. When given the change the majority of those students have voted to
keep these programs.
A similar system in apartments where a portion of the tenants are not issued parking
spaces in exchange for a discount on their rent would also be community car to several apartment
tenants that arrange a schedule for the car, and this program gets many positive reviews.
So yes, I would say that Americans should be forced to use public transit, as Americans
whom are already forced to do so find that it works well for them.
1. What does writer suggest?

A. Americans should learn to use public transportation
B. Americans should give up their car
C. Americans should be forced to use public transportation
D. The government should limit the number cars
E. The government should charge extra taxes for those who uses cars
2. In the article you find the word transit a few times. What does the underlined word means?
A. Stop
B. Transportation
C. Exit
D. Entrance
E. Bus Stop
3. What is the function of the first paragraph?

A. Repeating the thesis or proposal
B. Stating the proposal
C. Stating the reasons behind the thesis
D. Describing the problem
E. Giving argument
4. What is the purpose of the article?

A. Defining the functions of public transportation
B. Arguing that Americans should not use public transportation
C. Suggesting American the ways to use public transportation
D. Asking for more public transportation
E. Suggesting that Americans should be forced to use public transportation
5. What the function of the last paragraph?

A. Describing the problem
B. Stating the reasons behind the thesis
C. Giving arguments
D. Stating the proposal
E. Giving recommendation
7. Personal Letter
o Definition
Personal Letter is a type of letter (or informal composition) that usually concerns personal
matters (rather than professional concerns) and is sent from one individual to another. It's longer
than a dashed-off note or invitation and is often handwritten and sent through the mail.
o Generic Structure
1. Address Heading : This is the writer’s full address. Business letters usually have preprinted,
letterhead stationary which contains this information. An address heading is optional for
informal letters.
2. Date : This is the month, day and year that the letter is written on
3. Inside Address : The recipient’s full name and address. Generally, informal letters do not
include an inside address.
*Note: Refer to Addressing Persons of Title when writing letters to these people.
4. Attention : With formal letters, the "Attention: [full name of recipient]" is placed two
vertical spaces below the inside address.
5. Greeting : Also known as the “salutation,” this is the introductory phrase, “Dear [name of
recipient].” Either a comma or a colon can be used at the end of this phrase. Today, a comma is
more extensively used, with the exception of the use of a title (i.e. “Dear Member:”) and not a
proper name. In this case, the use of a colon would be more appropriate.
*Note: Refer to Addressing Persons of Title when writing letters to these people.
6. Subject line : A word or phrase to indicate the main subject of the letter, which is
preceded by the word “Subject:” or “Re:” (Latin for “matter”). Subject lines may be emphasized
by underlining, using bold font or all capital letters. They can be alternatively located directly
below the "inside address," before the "greeting." Informal or social letters rarely include a
subject line.
7. Body : The complete text of the letter; the subject matter content.
8. Closing : This is the farewell phrase or word that precedes the signature and is followed by a
comma. Closing should reflect a type of farewell or goodbye as the writer signs off. Examples:
“Yours truly,” “Sincerely,” “Respectfully yours,” “Regards,” etc.
*Note: "Thank you," is not considered an appropriate closing for a formal or business letter.
9. Signature : The signed name of the writer.
10. Identification Line : Formal or business letters include the full name of the writer printed
below the signed name (two vertical spaces below the Closing). It includes the writer’s
professional designations and title with the organization. Directly below that, the name of the
organization which the writer represents.
11. Postscript : Is a brief sentence or paragraph introduced by the initials, “P.S.” (post scriptus)
- Latin for “after having been written.” It implies that the writer, having completed and signed
the letter, had an after-thought. Although this is still commonly used in informal letters, it is
not widely accepted for use in formal or business letters.
12. Notation : Part of a formal or business letter consisting of brief words or abbreviations as
notations.
o Example of Text
701-235 Sherbrooke St.
Montreal, QC H3C 1L4
January 11, 2018
Dear Frank, All the best to you for the New Year! How are things going in the Land of
the Rising Sun? I must say, I really envy you getting that Tokyo gig with the company.
Somehow they overlooked me on that one and I am forced to slug it out here through another
frigid and snowy Montreal winter.
Brrrr! I heard through the grapevine that business is going well there. Rumor has it that
you guys are just about to close a big deal with the Japanese government for an M-750
Simulator. Great news! Good for the company and good for you. Keep up the great work!
Did you hear about Margie Bronson suddenly leaving the company just before year-end?
It was a bit of a shock to say the least. She gave one week's notice and was gone. Nobody knows
for sure what's up with her but rumors have been flying fast and furious that she went through a
bit of a personal meltdown and has now gone underground to lick her wounds for a while.
There could be some truth to that since her long time relationship ended recently and
three months ago she was passed over for that director position that was up for grabs. I'll keep
you posted when we find out more. As for me, I am quite busy these days on the Branscombe
Systems Project. We are entering Phase Two now, and that is expected to run for three years, at
least. Frank Schindler is Senior Project Manager and I am Team Leader of the Embedded
Systems Group. I am enjoying it so far. Whether I'll feel the same way in three years, I'm not
sure. By then I might be ready to join you in Japan.
I'm still kicking butt in the squash court and am managing to get in two or three matches
per week. What about squash in Japan? Have you been able to play any over there? Are there
even any squash courts? I suppose since you are in Tokyo there must be some. Let me know.
I have to go now and attend to family duties. Jonathon needs some help with his
homework and Angie wants me to fix something in the kitchen. You single guys traveling the
world sure are lucky! Keep me posted whenever you can. I really enjoy receiving your letters
and getting the details of your life in Japan.
Your squash buddy,

Dave
o Question
Jl. Jambu 129

Bandung
30th January 2017
Dear Fred,
It was a real sorrow that I heard this morning of your great loss. I knew your mother was
ill. For your brother told me several weeks ago. However, as he at that time did not seem to
think. The illness was very serious, the news of your mother's death came to me as a shock. You
have my sincere and heartfelt sympathy, my dear fellow, in your sorrow. I know you will feel it
deeply, for you always thought so much of your mother and loved her so truly. I feel it also as a
personal loss to myself for your mother was always very kind to me. I admired her a good and
noble woman. Her death must be a terrible grief to your father too. Please assure him of my
sincere sympathy.
Words, I know, are poor comforters. "The heart knows its own sorrow", and in such
sorrows we are always alone. However, it is not mere words when I say that I feel with you in
your sorrow.
Your sincere friend,
Jack
1. What is the possible relation between the sender and the recipient?
A. Relatives
B. Employers
C. Friends
D. Siblings
E. Employees
2. "You have my sincere and heartfelt sympathy, my dear fellow, in your sorrow." What is the
closest meaning of the underlined word?
A. Real
B. Caring
C. Generous
D. Honest
E. Curious
3. From the letter we know that ...

A. Fred's mother not ill before her death.
B. Jack sent letter to Fred several weeks ago.
C. Jack was very sorrowful to send the letter to his mother.
D. Jack had known Fred's mother before.
E. Fred is the only child in his family.
Apt BLK 30, Eunos St.

#05 - 116
Singapore 1441
2nd April 2009
Dear Liza,
I have received you letter asking me to meet you at your house this Sunday to discuss the urgent
matter you have. I regret however to say that it will not be possible for me to see you on Sunday
as I already have a previous appointment . I shall see you on Monday next week at 5 p.m .
Hoping the change of date will be convenient to you .
Your sincerely,
Daisy
4. What does the letter tell about ....

A. Liza's problem
B. Liza's appointment
C. Daisy's previous letter to Liza
D. Daisy's regret for not being able to come
E. A meeting held at Liza's house
5. Why did Liza ask Daisy to come to her house....

A. Liza wanted Daisy to solve her problem
B. Daisy would discuss her problem with Liza
C. Liza persuaded Daisy to go somewhere
D. Daisy wanted to meet Liza's family
E. Liza wanted to chat with Daisy
8. Explanation Text
o Definition
Explanation Text is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social,
scientific and cultural phenomena. Explanation text is to say ‘why’ and ‘how’ of the forming of
the phenomena. It is often found in science, geography and history text books.
o Generic Structure
1. General statement : stating the phenomenon issues which are to be explained.
2. Sequenced of explanation : stating a series of steps which explain the phenomena.
o Example of Text
How Chocolate is Made
Have we wondered how we get chocolate from? Well this time we will enter the amazing
world of chocolate so we can understand exactly we are eating.
Chocolate starts a tree called cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions, especially
in place such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the
size of a small pine apple. In side the fruits are the tree’s seeds. They are also known as coco
beans.
Next, the beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun. After that they are
shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts processing by roasting the beans to
bring out the flavour. Different beans from different places have different qualities and flavour.
So they are often shorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix.
The next process is winnowing. The roasted beans are winnowed to remove the meat nib
of the cacao bean from its shell. Then the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are grounded to
make it liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter.
All seeds contain some amount of fat and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao
beans are half fat, which is why they ground nibs from liquid. It is pure bitter chocolate.
o Question
All human beings eat food and make use of the chemical energy in it, so do all other animals.
Perhaps you wonder where all that chemical energy comes from. Why doesn’t the food all get
used up?
The answer is that new food is being grown as fast as old food is used to. It is the green
plants that form the new food. Animals either eat the plants or eat other animals that have eaten
plants.
The green substance of plants is chlorophyll. Chlorophyll can absorb sunlight. When it does
so, it changes the energy of the sun into chemical energy. The chemical energy present in sunlit
chlorophyll is used to combine dioxide in the air with water from the soil. Starch and other
complicated compounds are formed. These are high in chemical energy obtained from the sunlit
chlorophyll.
They make up the food on which mankind and all other animals live. In the process of
forming this food, some oxygen atoms are left over. These are given off into the air by the plants.
The whole process is called photosynthesis.
Thus, plants use sunlight to from food and oxygen to from carbon dioxide and water again.
Plants change the sun’s energy into chemical energy. And animals change the animal energy into
kinetic and heat energy.
1. The text is about ....

A. The process of changing chemical energy
B. The formation of carbon dioxide
C. The green substance of plants
D. The process of photosynthesis
E. The use of chemical energy
2. From the text we know that ....

A. Plant need to heat energy to live
B. All human beings need chemical energy
C. Plants absorb sunlight to produce kinetic energy
D.Chlorophyll is the most important thing in photosynthesis
E. Sun’s energy cannot be formed into kinetic energy
3. The green substance of plants is chlorophyll. The underlined word in the above is closest in
meaning to ...
A. Core
B. Body
C. Stuff
D. Essence
E. Material
4. What will happen when the chlorophyll absorbs sunlight? It will ....
A. Change heat into kinetic energy
B. Form complicated compound
C. Make use of heat energy
D. Change kinetic energy into chemical energy
E. Change the sun’s energy into chemical energy
5. What kind of text is that….

A. Report text
B. Procedure text
C. Personal letter text
D. Explanation text
E. Analytical text
9. Report Text
o Definition
Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result of
systematic observation and analyses.
o Generic Structure
1. General Clasification : Stating classification of general aspect of thing; animal, public
place, plant, etc which will be discussed in general.
2. Description : tells what the phenomenon under discussion ; in terms of parts,
qualities, habits or behaviors.
o Example of Text
Jellyfish
Have you ever heard about jellyfish? Does it have same meaning with “jelly” and “fish”??
According from the main word, “jelly is one of the food which is made from the jelly grass; or
we can describe that jelly is one of the form of something. And fish is one of the animal which
lives in the water which can swim, has tail, gills and vertebrate animal. And the jellyfish is not a
fish exactly, it is an invertebrate animal which does not have back bone on it. Although it does
not have bones but it can act and swim as fast as the wave.
It lives in the water especially in the sea which taste sour. Jellyfish has a stomach, a mouth
but remember that it does not have a head. How can it adapt and defend itself from the enemy?
The answer is,, it has a special nervous system for sensing the world around it. The body of it is
almost entirely made of water so don’t be shocked if you see the jellyfish like water.
There are some kinds of jellyfish; they are a jellyfish which can live in the darkness and in
the salt water. For the jellyfish in the darkness, it has a light by itself. The usage of is for the
defending in the sea. The enemy will feel scary after knowing it. It live in the deep ocean without
the sunlight anymore. That is why it has own light on its body. Next about the jellyfish which
lives in the salt water, it can be seen in the ocean and also almost in the sea of the world. It looks
so beautiful and easy for looking by our eyes. But we have to remember when we swim in the
sea, we have to be careful because there are some dangerous jellyfish around you. Talking about
them between jellyfish in the darkness and jellyfish in the salt water , they have same body
structure but the difference is for jellyfish in the darkness has own light so will glow in the dark
but jellyfish in the salt water does not have it.
o Question
The Incas used to be a large empire of 990.000 km² in Peru of South America. Their city was
high up in the Andes Mountains. They were well- known for their great wealth, especially gold.
This great empire was unfortunately destroyed in an attack by the Spaniards who were searching
for their famed gold. Although this empire existed way back in 1493, it was not backward but
complex and well-organized.
The empire was ruled by the Sapa Inca, Lord of the World, Son of the Sun. He owned
everything in the empire - the land, soil, gold and even the people. The people, therefore, had no
freedom.
Boys and girls were to life of obedience and tradition. They began working in their ayllu or
family groups. The rule was Ama sua, ama llulla, ama sheklla, which means, "Do not steal, do
not lie, do not be lazy."
Despite this difficult way of live, the Incas were very skillful. They constructed drainage
system and underground water reservoirs. Their buildings were made from huge stones. These
were cut to flit perfectly together so that no mortar was needed. Their rope bridges were so
strong that even a horse could gallop across them!
The Incas had no written language. Information was recorded on knotted strings called
quipus. These were also used as calculators. Strong and healthy young boys were chosen as
chasquis or couriers to carry messages from one place to another.
1. The text mainly tells about ....

A. Chasquis
B. The Incas
C. Sapa Inca
D. Spaniards
E. The Andes
2. "They constructed drainage system and underground water reservoirs." (Paragraph 4)

The underlined word has the same meaning as ....
A. Grew
B. Bore
C. Built
D. Existed
E. Renovated
3. How was the empire destroyed ....

A. The empire was destroyed by huge stones
B. It was destroyed by well-organized ayllu
C. The empire was ruled by the Sapa Inca
D. It was reconstructed by systems
E. It was attacked by the Spaniards
4. What did they use to calculate ....

A. Quipus
B. Strings
C. Mortars
D. Chasquis
E. Huge stones
5. The Incas located in…

A. Indonesia
B. Canada
C. South America
D. Mexico
E. La La Land
10. Procedure Text

o Definition
Procedure is a text that shows a process in order. Its social function is to describe how something
is completely done through a sequence of series.
o Generic Structure
1. Goal : It is containt the purpose of the text.
2. Material or Ingredient : it is containt of the materials that used in the process.
3. Step : it is containt of the steps to make something in the goal.
o Example of Text
Blended Iced Cappuccino
Ingredients:
▪ whipped cream (optional)
▪ 1/2 cup of strong coffee
▪ 3 tablespoons of sugar
▪ 1 cup of ice cubes
▪ 1/4 cup of cream
▪ 2 cup skim milk
Instructions:
• First, brew a cup of coffee and let it cool.
• Then, put the ice cubes in the blender and pour the coffee over them.
• Next, add milk, sugar, and cream.
• After that, blend them all on medium speed until the ice is completely crushed.
• Next, pour the mixture into a glass.
Finally, top it off with whipped cream.
o Question
Don’t have time for an intensive skin care? You can still pamper yourself by doing the basics.
Good skin care and healthy lifestyle choices can help delaying the natural aging process and
prevent various skin problems. Get started with these five no-nonsense tips
1. Protect yourself from the sun

One of the most important ways to take care of your skin is to protect it from the sun. A lifetime
of sun exposure can cause wrinkles, age spots, and other skin problems, as well as increase the
risk of skin cancer.
2. Don’t smoke
Smoking makes your skin look older and contributes to wrinkles. It narrows the tiny blood
vessels in the outermost layers of skin, which decreases blood flow. It also his depletes oxygen
and nutrients of the skin.
3. Treat your skin gently

Limiting your bath – time will keep your skin gentle. Hot water and long showers remove oils
from your skin. Use warm rather than hot water. To protect and lubricate your skin, apply
shaving cream, lotion or gel before shaving.
4. Eat a healthy diet

A healthy diet can help you look and feel good. Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains,
and lean protein. Some research that a rich diet in vitamin C and low in unhealthy fat might
promote younger looking skin.
5. Manage stress.
Uncontrolled stress can make your skin more sensitive and trigger acne breakouts and other skin
problems. To encourage healthy skin and a healthy state of mind, take some steps to manage
your stress, set reasonable limits, scale back your to do list, and make time to do the things you
enjoy.
1. What is the text about?

A. Tips to get healthy skin
B. Tips to have gentle younger looking skin
C. Tips to healthy lifestyle
D. Tips to maintain your healthy skin
E. Tips to prevent various skin problems
2. What will remove oils from your skin?

A. Long showers and hot water
B. Warm water and limited bath-time
C. Sun exposure and unhealthy diet
D. Shaving cream and lotion
E. Hot water and limited bath-time
3. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the text?

A. Good skin care healthy lifestyle can stop the natural aging process
B. A lifetime of sun exposure can help delaying wrinkles, age spots, and other skin problems
C. Smoking narrows the tiny blood vessels in the outermost layers of skin, which increases blood
flow
D. To protect and lubricate your skin, use skin soap before shaving
E. Uncontrolled stress can increase the level of your skin sensitivity and stimulate acne breakouts
4. What can we use before shaving…

A. Banana
B. Oil
C. Lotion / Shaving cream
D. Conditioner
E. Tooth paste
5. The following are the tips to take care of your skin, except…
A. Don’t smoke
B. Eat a healthy diet
C. Manage stress
D. Protect yourself from sun
E. Brush your teeth 2 times a day
11. Application Letter

o Definition
An application letter is a business document, part of the important correspondence between
applicant and organization, firm or company, institution or various boards and committees that
publish a vacancy.
o Generic Structure
1. Applicant’s Address
2. Date
3. Write in the following sequence
- Name of the responsible officer
- Post of the responsible officer
- Name of the organization
- Address of the organization
4. Address
- Address to the responsible officer as far you can 5. Title
- State relevant post
6. First Paragraph
- State again the post you are applying for end explain how the vacancy is known
- The first paragraph of an unsolicited application letter, you should state the post or job
area you are interested in and the reason for making self-referral
7. Content
- List the relevant academic qualifications and experience to show that you are the best
person for the post
8. Last Paragraph
- Indicate your wish for an interview
9. Closing
- Use “yours sincerely” if you are addressing to the responsible officer, otherwise, use
“Yours faithfully”
- Sign your name below the closing remark and type your name under signature
10. Enclosures
- Resume and copy of certificates should be attached to the letter
o Example of Text
HRD
The Jakarta Post Digital
Jl. Palmerah Barat No. 142-143
Jakarta 10270
Dear HRD The Jakarta Post Digital,
I am writing this to apply my interest in the Accountant Executive (AE-DIG) position that
currently available at The Jakarta Post Digital.
In the job description for the position that The Jakarta Post Digital posted, there were some
requirements that stood out to me, include :
1. I have successfully graduate from University of Indonesia
2. I have good English skills
3. I have reached my TOEFL score at 555
4. I can operate computer well
5. I strive continually for excellence
6. I am an easy-going, friendly, and open-minded person
With an Accountant degree in University of Indonesia, I am sure that my excellent technical
experience and education make me a highly competitive candidate for Accountant Executive
(AE-DIG) position. If you have any further questions or require additional documentation, please
feel free to contact me through phone number 081188177180 or via email
fidhiya.blabla@mail.com . Thank you for your time and consideration.
Sincerely,
Fidhiya Shabihah A. A.
o Question
Mr. William Chan

Personenel Manager
Wong and Lim Consulting
PO Box 583, Kwai Chung
Kowloon
Dear Mr. Chan,

I am writing to apply for the post of Management Trainee, which was advertised on the
Student Affairs Office notice board of the Hongkong Polytechnic University on 1 March 2005.
My working experience at Lucky Star Garment Manufactory Limited improved my
leadership skills, communication skills and ability to work in a team environment. I have fluent
spoken and written English. I also have fluent spoken and written Mandarin, and can therefore
work in mainland China.
Currently I am studying a B.A. in Management at the Hongkong Polytechnic University,
graduating in 2005. Subjects which I am studying that are relevant to the post of Management
Trainee include Operations Management, Human Resources Management, Accounting,
Marketing and strategic Management.
During my studies I have had the post of Executive in management Society. While
leading and organizing Management Society. While leading and organizing Management Society
activities I have improved my ability to lead and supervise subordinates effectively, ability to
work under pressure and ability to work in a team environment.
Working for Wong and Lim Consulting appeals to me because it has a good reputation and it
provides excellent training. Your organization produces a high-quality service, and I can
contribute to this with my leadership skills and my ability to work under pressure.
I am available for interview at any time. I look forward to meeting you.
Yours sincerely,
Wong Wai Man Wilfred
1. What is the job title?

A. Consultant
B. Operation management
C. Human resources management
D. Accounting
E. Management trainee
2. What skills and personnel qualities are required?

A. Leadership skills, communication skills and ability to work in a team environment
B. Fluent spoken and written Mandarin
C. Have known about environment
D. Hard worker
E. Willing to work overtime
3. What is the name of the company or organization Wong Wai man Wilfred applying to?
A. Lucky Star Garment Manufactory Limited
B. Hong Kong Polytechnic University
C. Marketing and Strategic Management
D. Wong and Lim Consultant
E. Executive in the Management Society
4. Where does Mr. Chan live?

A. In the city of China
B. In the city of Hong Kong
C. In the city of England
D. In the city of Malaysia
E. In the city of Singapore
5. Who send the letter?

A. Mr. Chan
B. Mr. Wong
C. Mrs. Lim
D. Mr. Wong Wai Man Wilfred
E. Mr. Kwai Chung
12. Caption Text

o Definition
Caption text is a short text located near photos, illustration or diagram that gives important
information about the photos, illustration or diagram.
o Structure
1. Photos, diagram or illustration
2. Caption (description of the photos, diagram or illustration)
3. Photo credit (“photo by…”)
o Example of Text
o Question
1. The following is not a requirement to make a good caption …
A. A subject of the picture
B. Where the picture is happening
C. The time of the happening
D. The reason why the activity occurs
E. The situation of the picture
2. Where does the activity of the caption happen ?
A. At 105 Senior high School
B. On the event of MAPS
C. Students of twelve science C
D. In Desember 2015
E. In the school yard of 105 Senior High School
3. What is the topic of the caption ?

A.Performance of an aerobatic in Hawk jets
B. Performance of anniversary of Victory Day
C. Display season of Royal Air Force
D.The Red Arrow Fast Aerobatic Team
E. Celebrating of Victory Day
4. What word in the caption has the meaning of quickness ?
A.Speed
B.Agility
C.Precision
D.Display
E. Celebrate
5. Criteria for a good caption is .....

A. Clearly identifies the subject of the picture
B. Establishes the picture’s unrelevance to the picture
C. Provide many view of the picture
D. To give many description in detail
E. Contains several paragraphs
13. News Item Text

o Definition
News item is a text which informs readers about events of the day. The events are considered
newsworthy or important.
o Generic Structure
1. Main Events / Newsworthy event(s): it recounts the event in summary form.
2. Elaboration / Background event(s): they elaborate what happened, to whom, in what
circumstance
3. Resource of Information (Source) : it contains comments by participants in, witnesses to and
authorities expert on the event
o Example of Text
Final Examination Soon Will Be Held
Final examination test has been counted down in two month, This test will determine all
of indonesian student are worthy or not to pass the school. Based from experience of the last year
ago, there are so many student worried about difficulty of the test. They criying over time before
and after the test held.
In the elementary school, number of students that failed reaches hundreds in all of the
school around indonesia, at least about 698 children do not pass this test, this figure dropped
dramatically from the previous year which reached 874 children. Meanwhile, the number of
students who did not pass even worse that touched the figure of 749 years ago, this is due to a
mismatch to shine exam with questions tested.
Generally the problem is due to the fear of students in that will be tested on the exam. But
this can be overcome if the student is able to prepare itself in terms of both learning materials
and mentally.
o Question
Indonesia has embarked on the task of counting its islands in order to better protect its
territory and marine resources. It hopes to locate and name an additional 1,700 islands in time for
the UN Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names in August. Indonesia wants to
claim sovereignty and fishing rights in the waters surrounding the islands, many of which its
neighbors also claim.
The Indonesian government says illegal fishing in its waters is costing billions of dollars in
lost revenue each year. A fisheries spokeswoman told the BBC: "Sixty per cent of islands in
Indonesia don't have a name or officially have legal status, so they can easily be taken or claimed
by another country."
Indonesia is the world's largest archipelago. At the last UN conference on geographical
names in 2012, Indonesia registered 13,466 islands. A law in 1996 estimated that the number of
islands was 17,508. The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea defines an island as, "a naturally
formed area of land, surrounded by water, which is still exposed at high tide".
A spokesman from Indonesia's Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries explained the scale
of the task the counting team had. He said: "We have to visit every one of these islands, and then
we note the coordinates, the name, the meaning of the name, the history of the land and describe
the landscape and its geographical history…all that in great detail."
1. "Indonesia has embarked on the task of counting ...." (paragraph 1) synonym of the underlined
word is ....
A. Stayed
B. Launched
C. Stopped
D. Moved
E. Convened
2. When must an island be exposed for it to officially be an island?

A. At noon
B. At midnight
C. At low tide
D. At high tide
E. At night
3. Why does the growth of Indonesian smokers have to be concerned?

A. 1,000
B. 11,000
C. 17,000
D. 7,100
E. 1,700
4. What kind of rights does Indonesia want to claim?

A. Water rights
B. Legal rights
C. Fishing rights
D. Lost rights
E. Mountain rights
5. Indonesia registered …. Islands

A. 10,000
B. 13,466
C. 222,000
D. 99,998
E. 87.654
DIALOGUE
1. Asking and giving a plan
A. Definition
An expression to tell about a plan or something that we want to do
B. Example
 Asking plan
– What are you going to do?
– Any plan to …?
– Are you thinking of …?
– Do you have any intention of …?
– Is it your intention to …?
 Expressing plan
– I’m going to …
– I‘m planning to …
– I’ll make an effort to …
– I’m thinking of …
– I have every intention of …
– I fully intend to …
– It is my intention to …
 Dialogue
Dina : Hey, u look so serious. What’s the matter ?
Bella : Oh.., i’m just thinking about something
Dina : What is it about ?
Bella : I’m thinking that i’m gonna hold a x’mas party in our class in this year
Dina : Wow, sounds great !
Bella : Really ? U think so ?
Dina : Yeah. But what’s the purpose of that party ?
Bella : I’m just thinking that’s the best idea to gathering all of our class members during the
x’mas eve this year
Dina : I think it would be nice if we also make an event, like change our present to our friends
Bella : Ok. Now, i need to have permission from head master. I need his permit to use our class
room on x’mas eve and talk to our mother class to ask her to come and participate in that party
Dina : is there anything that i could do ?
Bella : we also need to make permission’s letter to give to our parents. It would be helpful if u
make it.
Dina : sure. With my pleasure
C. Question and Answer
Read this dialogue and answer the questions
A : hi B ! how are you ?
B : hi A ! i am fine, thanks
A : B, what are you doing right now ?
B : i doing my homework
A : what homework it is ?
B : the Math homework
A : which one ? we have much Math homework
B : the homework about the function
A : oh, that's one
B : you already finish it ?
A : not yet
B : so, why you didn't do it ?
A : i am in bad mood right now, i will do it in the evening
B : it is not good to delay your duty because that will increased in time
A : you're right, i did better do it right now
B : yeah, that is the characteristic of clever student
A : really ?
B : yeah
A : but, i will ask you if i don't understand
B : sure, you can ask to me and i will help you
Questions
1. Which sentence that show asking plan?
A. what are you doing right now?
B. I doing my homework
C. thank you
D. of course
E. I do
2. Which sentence that response for asking plan?
A. what are you doing right now?
B. I doing my homework
C. thank you
D. of course
E. I do
3. Why A didn’t do the homework?
A. A has to go to supermarket
B. A has to help her mom
C. A has to wash her shoes
D. A in badmood
E. A in good mood
4. What homework that they have?
A. science homework
B. social homework
C. physics homework
D. their brother homework
E. math homework
5. What kind of dialogue above?
A. asking and giving plan
B. asking and giving suggestion
C. asking and giving advice
D. asking and giving opinion
E. asking and giving help
2. Asking and Giving Suggestion

A. Definition
An expression to express how to ask and advise/suggest others
B. Example
 Asking suggestion
- What should I do?
- Do you have any ideas?
- Do you have any suggestions for me?
- Can you tell me what I should do?
- Do you have any advice for me?
- Will you give me some suggestion, please?
 Giving suggestion
- You should…
- You need/ought to…
- You had better…
- You ought to…
- I think you should…
 Dialogue
Anisa : Hi Nerly, How are you today?
Nerly : I feel disappointed.
Anisa: What’s wrong with you?
Nerly : I got bad mark English examination yesterday.
Anisa : Don’t be sad. I’m certain you can get mark better next time and you should study hard.
Nerly : Thank you for your suggestion
Anisa : it’s OK .Don’t mention it
Mr. Daruken: Hi Leppo…?
Mr. Leppo: Hi Daruken…
Mr. Daruken: Why you look sad?
Mr. Leppo: I am confused?
Mr. Daruken: Why confused? Do you have a problem?
Mr. Leppo: I haven’t been able to pay the school administration. Do you have any suggestion to
me?
Mr. Daruken: I think, you should ask dispentation to the school
Mr. Leppo: it’s good idea. Thanks Daruken…
Mr. Daruken: you’re welcome
Questions
2. Why mr. leppo look confused?
A. mr.leppo lost his wallet
B. mr.leppo have problem
C. mr.leppo forget about something important
D. mr leppo lost his handphone
E. all answers are true
3. What problem mr.leppo have?
A. he haven’t able to pay the school administration
B. he lost his wallet
C. he cant meet his bestfriend
D. he lost his identity card
E. all answers are correct
4. Which sentence that show asking suggestion?
A. do you have any help for me?
B. do you have any plan for me?
C. do you have any suggestion for me?
D. any opinion for me?
E. do you have opinion for me?
5. Which sentence that show response for suggestion?
A. I think you should ask dispentation to the school
B. I think I can help you
C. yes, of course
D. I think its true
E. certainly
3. Asking and Giving Advice
A. Definition
An expression to express how to ask and giving advice to others
B. Example
 Asking advice
- What do you think I should do?
- What do you recommend we do about ... ?
- What should I do?
- What do you suggest?
- What would you advice us to do?
 Giving advice
- If I were you I would/wouldn’t….
- If I were in your shoes/position I would…
- You had better/ you’d better…..
- You should…
- Maybe you should…
 Dialogue
Mother : Iqbal…bal...oh my god. Wake up my dear. It’s Monday morning, don't you go to
school.
Iqbal : Mom, I have got a headache.
Mother : Let me check. You have got a high temperature. You should stay at home.
Iqbal : That sounds like a good idea!
Mother : Just a moment, I will call your daddy. You should go to a doctor.
Iqbal : No...Mom, I don't think that's a good idea.
Student: I'm terrible at English and I think I should do something about it. What do you advise
me to do?
Teacher: I think you should try this website www.iTapuih.com. It's a fantastic website for
beginners.
Student: I've heard about it, but what do you think I should start with?
Teacher: You'd better start with the lessons. Then, try the exercises. There are many English
material on the website and also some exercises.
Student: I would like to improve my speaking. What should I do?
Teacher: You should watch English channels and listen English musics.
Student: Thank you sir.
Teacher: Don’t mention it.
Questions
1. What sentence that show asking advice?
A. what do you advise me to do?
B. you’d better start with the lessons
C. thank you sir
D. don’t mention it
E. what excercise?
2. What respone for number 1?
A. I would like to improve my speaking
B. I think you should try this website www.iTapuih.com
C. what shoul I do?
D. thank you
E. then, try the excercises
4. Why student ask teacher an advice?
A. he terrible at English
B. he terrible at math
C. he terrible at biology
D. he terrible at homework
E. he confused about his homework
5. What student say after get the advice from his teacher?
A. thank you
B. don’t mention it
C. you are so kind sir
D. oh I see..
E. yes, of course
4. Asking and Giving Opinion
A. Definition
An expression used to ask or answer / respond to an opinion
B. Example
 Asking opinion
- What do you think of…?
- What is your opinion?
- What do you think about…?
- What are you feeling?
- What your view on?
 Giving opinion
- In my opinion
- I think….
- I think that
- I think I like it
- I personally consider …
 Dialogue
Mr. Angga: Hi Dio?
Mr. Dio: Hi Angga?
Mr. Angga: Have you heard about Terrorism in Sarina ?
Mr. Dio: Yes, I got information on television last night.
Mr. Angga: What do you think about that?
Mr. Dio: I think the terrorist is very brutal.
Mr. Angga: I think so, I hope next time there is no incident about it again.
Kate : We’ll have a long holiday next month. What are you going to do?
Yani : ....
Kate : I hope you have a nice trip
1. Complete the dialogue above ....
A. I am thinking of going to Bali Sorry
B. Sorry, I can’t tell you
C. It’s not your business
D. I have nothing to do
E. I don’t know what to do
Alex : What do you think about the film ?

Bram : I think .......................
A. I like it
B. Thank you
C. I can’t hear you
D. You forget it
E. Let’s go
Eric : I think our city is very hot at the moment.

Era : I don’t think so ................ Our city is much cooler than other cities in this country.
A. I know it
B. I am thinking of
C. He forget it
D. In my opinion
E. See you
Bowo : I feel tired and I feel dizzy.

Sri : I think …. Don’t leave the bed if it is not necessary.
A. You must sing
B. You should lie down and have some rest
C. You can see the doctor tonight
D. I will take you to the hospital
A. I must take some rest, too
Dave: So what do you think of my singing?

John: It's really good, but I suggest to try singing in a high tune.
Dave: Thanks, John.
John: No problem, Dave!
5. From the dialogue above, John is...
A. Asking for help
B. Giving an opinion
C. Asking for an opinion
D. Giving help
E. Giving attention
5. Asking and Giving a Help
A. Definition
An expression to express asking and giving help
B. Example
 Asking help
- Could you possibly help me?
- Could I possibly ask you to help me?
- Would you be willing to help me?
- Can you help me, please?
- I can't manage. Can you help?
 Giving help
- I’d like to help you.
- I’d be happy to help you.
- Sure. what can I do for you?
- I will do it for you.
- Let me help you.
 Dialogue
Jacob: What are you doing, Bal?
Iqbal: I’m replying e-mail from client and writing 10 articles about English expression.
Jacob: Wow, you are so busy, right
Iqbal: Yeah. I’m so stressful.
Jacob: Can I give you a hand?
Iqbal: Really? You must be kidding me.
Jacob: I’m so serious, Bal. How?
Iqbal: Thank you so much, Jacob. I appreciate your help.
Jacob: most welcome, Iqbal.
Read the dialogue and answer the questions
Situation : Ridho and Rhoma are in the school now .
Ridho : This is so difficult . Rhoma , can I borrow your eraser ?
Rhoma : Sure , here it is.
Ridho : Thank you so much.
Rhoma : You’re well come
1.How many person in the dialogue?

a.1
b.2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
2.Who are in the dialogue ?
a.Ridho and Rita
b.Rita and Rhoma
c.Ridho and Rhoma
d.Rita and Teacher
e. teacher
3.Who wants to borrow the eraser?
a.Rita
b.Rhoma
c.Ridho
d.Teacher
e. Roni
4.Who asks for help ?
a.Rita
b.Rhoma
c.Ridho
d.Teacher
e. Roni
5.Where does the dialogue take place ?
a.Home
b.Park
c.hospital
d.school
e. field
6. Asking and Giving Service

A. Definition
An expression to ask and giving service to others
B. Example
 Asking service
- Could you help me?
- Would you please help me to …?
- Would you mind helping me …?
- Do you mind opening the window?
- Please open the window.
 Giving service
- Can I help you?
- May I help you?
- What can I do for you?
 Dialogue
Aqil : Can I help you?
Mrs. Ida : Thank you, I really appreciate it. It’s very hot here. Would you please turn on the air
conditioner?
Aqil : I’m very sorry, ma’am. The air conditioner is out of order. How about turning on the
fan?
Mrs. Ida : It’s OK. Could you do that?
Aqil : Never mind.
Read the dialogue and answer the questions
Aisyah : Could you help me?
Maryam: Certainly. What can I do for you?
Aisyah : Can you take my dictionary over there?
Maryam: Of course. Here you are.
Aisyah : Thanks’
Maryam: Don’t mention it.
Questions
1. what does aisyah want Maryam to do?
A. help her
B. follow her
C. leave her
D. take a picture of her
E. all answers are correct
2. how does aisyah ask service to Maryam ?
A. could you help me?
B. do you want me to help you?
C. of course you do
D. yes I will
E. no I wont
3. how does Maryam response aisyah’s asking?
A. could you help me?
B. do you want me to help you?
C. certainly
D. yes I will
E. no I wont
4. what kind of dialogue above?
C. asking and giving service
5. What aisyah say after get the advice from maryam?
A. thank you
B. don’t mention it
C. you are so kind sir
D. oh I see..
E. yes, of course
GRAMMAR (STRUCTURE)
1. Active and Passive Voice
A. Definition
Active voice describes a sentence where the subject performs the action stated by the verb.
In passive voice sentences, the subject is acted upon by the verb.
Formula : Subject + to be + verb 3
B. Example
Tense Active sentence Passive equivalent
Simple present I keep the butter in the fridge. The butter is kept in the fridge.
Present John is keeping my house tidy. My house is being kept tidy.
continuous
Simple past Mary kept her schedule meticulously. Mary's schedule was kept
meticulously.
Past continuous The theater was keeping a seat for you. A seat was being kept for you.
Present perfect I have kept all your old letters. All your old letters have been
kept.
Past perfect He had kept up his training regimen for a His training regimen had been
month. kept up for a month.
Simple Future Mark will keep the ficus. The ficus will be kept.
Conditional If you told me, I would keep your secret. If you told me, your secret would
Present be kept.
Conditional Past I would have kept your bicycle here if you Your bicycle would have been
had left it with me. kept here if you had left it with
me.
Present Infinitive She wants to keep the book. The book wants to be kept.
Perfect Infinitive Judy was happy to have kept the puppy. The puppy was happy to have
been kept.
Present Participle I have a feeling that you may be keeping a I have a feeling that a secret may
& Gerund secret. be being kept.
Perfect Participle Having kept the bird in a cage for so long, The bird, having been kept in a
Jade wasn't sure it could survive in the wild. cage for so long, might not survive
in the wild.

1. They translated some old documents last week. What is the passive form of this sentence?
A) Some old documents are translated by them last week.
B) Some old documents have been translated by them last week.
C) Some old documents were being translated by them last week.
D) Some old documents were translated by them last week.
E) Some old documents been translated by them last week.
2. The important email has been sent by my secretary. What is the active form of this sentence?
A) My secretary was sending the important email
B) My secretary sends the important email
C) My secretary is sending the important email
D) My secretary has been sending the important email
E) My secretary has sent the important email
3. We’ll be visiting our grandmother next week. What is the passive form of this sentence?
A) Our grandmother will be being visited by us next week.
B) Our grandmother will be visited by us next week.
C) Our grandmother would be visited by us next week.
D) Our grandmother would be being visited by us next week.
E) Our grandmother would have been visited by us next week.
4. We can see many beautiful paintings in this exhibition. They were ……. by famous
Indonesian painter.
A) Painting
B) Painted
C) Paint
D) Be Painting
E) Being painting
5. Two tents for our camping would …….. by my mother.
A) Being bought
B) Been bought
C) Be bought
D) Bought
E) Been buying
2. Direct and Indirect Speech
A. Definition
Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech in writing,
we place the words spoken between quotation marks (" ") and there is no change in these words.
We may be reporting something that's being said NOW (for example a telephone conversation),
or telling someone later about a previous conversation.
Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the
tense of the words spoken. We use reporting verbs like 'say', 'tell', 'ask', and we may use the word
'that' to introduce the reported words. Inverted commas are not used.
B. Example
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
Present Simple to Past Simple
He said, “I study French”. He said that he studied French.
Daddy said, “We work so hard”. Daddy said that they worked so hard.
Present Continuous to Past Continuous
She said, “I’m waiting for my boyfriend”. She said that she was waiting for her boyfriend.
Jimmy said, “They are studying Bahasa”. Jimmy said that they were studying Bahasa.
Present Perfect to Past Perfect
Debora said, “I have completed the task”. Debora said that she had completed the task.
She said, “I have met my prince”. She said that she had met her prince.
Present Perfect Continuous to Past Perfect Continuous
They said, “We have been waiting in the line for They said that they had been waiting in the line
3 hours”. for 3 hours.
She said, “I have been living in Indonesia since She said that she had been living in Indonesia
born”. since born.
Past Simple to Past Perfect
He said, “I bought a new book”. He said that he had bought a new book.
They said, “We went for a walk”. They said that they had gone for a walk.
Past Continuous to Past Perfect Continuous
My kids said, “We were swimming in the pool”. My kids said that they had been swimming in the
pool.
She said, “I was not making a cake”. She said that she had not been making a cake.
Past Perfect (tidak berubah)
He said, “I had won her heart”. He said that he had won her heart.
They said, “We had not received the paper”. They said that they had not received the paper.
Future Simple Tense (Will) to Would
Gary said, “I will go to New York”. Gary said that he would go to New York.
She said, “I will start a new life”. She said that she would start a new life.
Future Continuous Tense (Will be) to Would be
Jenny said, “I will be feeding my dog”. Jenny said that she would be feeding her dog.
Ray said, “I will be waiting for you at home”.
Ray said that he would be waiting for me at
home.
Future Perfect Tense (Will Have) to Would Have
Mom said, “I will have cleaned the shirt”. Mom said that she would have cleaned the shirt.
Fifi said, “I will have called my mom”. Fifi said that she would have called her mom.

1. Did they eat out together yesterday?
a. He asked me if they had eaten out yesterday.
b. He asked me if they had eaten out together the day before.
c. He asked me if they has eaten out together the day before.
d. He asked me if they have eaten out together the day before.
e. He asked me if the eaten out together the day before.
2. Don’t turn off the light now.
a. He told me don’t turn off the light at that time.
b. He told me not to turn off the light at that time.
c. He told me didn’t turn off the light at that time.
d. He told me didn’t turn off the light at now.
e. He told me turn off the light at now.
3. What’s your passion?
a. She wanted to know what is my passion.
b. She wanted to know what was my passion.
c. She wanted to know what my passion was.
d. She wanted to know what was my passion.
e. She wanted to know what are my passion.
4. I begin to understand the concept of biodiversity.
a. He asked me that he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
b. He wanted to know if he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
c. He said that he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
d. He said that I began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
e. He said that I to began understand the concept of biodiversity.
5. Your friend has just left.
a. He told me that your friend had just left.
b. He told me that my friend has just left.
c. He told me that my friend had just left.
d. He told me that my friend have just left.
e. He told me that my friend just have left.
3. Modals
A. Definition
Modal is a group of auxiliary words which are part of the auxiliary which gives additional
meaning to a sentence
Modals are can, could, may, might, must, ought to, shall, should, will, would and need (need can
also be a main verb).
B. Example
 We can play football.
 We could play football.
 We may play football.
 We might play football.
 We must play football.
 We mustn't play football.
 We needn't play football.
 We ought to play football.
 We shall play football.
 We should play football.
 We will play football.
 We would play football.

1.Look at this street. it is very muddy. it____have rained heavily last night.
A.will
B.Would
C.Could.
D.Must
E. ought to
2.The child ate up all the meal we had served. He____very hungry.
A.will have been
B.Could have been.
C.Must have been.
D.Would have been.
E. would has been

3.Alfred visited some countries in Asia, Europe and America. He bought luxurious things for his
wife and children. he_____a lot of money.
A.could have
B.would have
C.ought have
D.must have had
E. will have
4.berta : “Can I have your report soon?”
Jono : “sure, I ______it before you go to the meeting”
A.will finished
B.will have finished
C.am going to finish
D.am finishing
E. is finishing
5.Dina : Roni, that’s the most popular book nowadays
Roni : oh yes. it must have been written by a distinguished professor___that book.
A.wrote
B.would write
C.should write
D.planned to write
E. plan to wrote
4. Causality Conjunctions
A. Definiton
Causality conjunctions are conjunction whick state the cause and effect relation
Causality conjunctions are because, because of, so, so that, therefore, hence/thus/consequently,
due to
B. Example
 Because he was driving his car too fast, he crashed another car in front of him.
 Because of your laziness, you would get a bad score
 She was still in pain, so she went to the doctor
 Brianna sketched a portrait of the terrorist so that police could identify him
 Nadey is only 16 years old and therefore not eligible to vote
 I am not feeling well, hence/thus/consequently I am unable to work.
1. I love living in Australia ______________ the weather.
a. because
b. since
c. as
d. because of
e. due to
2. The increase in the number of cars on the road has resulted ________ more and more traffic
jams.
a. in
b. to
c. at
d. for
e. and
3. “He got to work really, really late ‘cos he missed his train”. Which cause and effect word is
‘cos short for?
a. due to
b. because
c. as
d. since
e. since to
4. Keith lost his job due ________ cutbacks in the department.
a. for
b. at
c. to
d. by
e. and
5. Which one is NOT correct? “He didn’t turn up for the exam. __________, he failed the
course.”
a. as a result
b. consequently
c. as a consequence
d. as a reason
e. therefore
5. If Clause
A. Definition
If clause or conditional tenses are used to speculate about what could happen, what might have
happened, and what we wish would happen
Conditional Usage If clause Main clause verb tense
sentence type verb tense
Type 1 A possible condition and its Simple Simple future

probable result present
Type 2 A hypothetical condition and its Simple past Present conditional or

probable result Present continuous
conditional
Type 3 An unreal past condition and its Past perfect Perfect conditional
probable result in the past
B. Example
 Type 1
If clause Main clause
If + simple present simple future
If this thing happens that thing will happen.
If you don't hurry you will miss the train.
If it rains today you will get wet.
 Type 2
If + simple past present conditional or present continuous conditional
If this thing happened that thing would happen. (but I'm not sure this thing will happen)
OR
that thing would be happening.
If you went to bed you would not be so tired.

earlier
If it rained you would get wet.
If I spoke Italian I would be working in Italy.
 Type 3
If + past perfect perfect conditional or perfect continuous conditional
If this thing had happened that thing would have happened. (but neither of those things
really happened) OR
that thing would have been happening.
If you had studied harder you would have passed the exam.
If it had rained you would have gotten wet.
If I had accepted that I would have been working in Milan.

promotion

1. If the player scores another goal, the result ____ a draw.
A. is to be
B. will have been
C. will be
D. would be
E. would have been
2.If you ___ I shall be very angry.
A. weren't going
B. don't go
C. hadn't been going
D. haven't been going
E. didn't go
3. _____, I might borrow it from him.

A. Were the novel his
B. The novel were his
C. If his the novel
D. If the novel him
E. If his the novel
4. "What would you do if you were a millionaire?

"_____ a trip around the world."
A. I will take
B. I would have taken
C. I would take
D. Me took
E. I took
5. "It would have been failure if _____."

A. The way-out was being found in time.
B. The way-out hasn't been found in time
C. the way-out would be found in time
D. the way -out hadn't been found in time
E. the way-out was found in time.
6. Subjunctive Sentences
A. Definition
Subjunctive is used to tell or explain about a hope or wish about something
 Simple present tense
Wish : Subject + Wish + subject + verb2
As if/as though : Subject + verb + as if + subject + verb2
Would rather : Subject + would rather + subject + verb
If only : If only + Subject + Verb 2
 Future tense
Subject + wish + subject + could + verb
 Past tense
Wish : Subject + wished + subject + had + verb 3
As if /as though : subject + verb 2 + as if + had + verb 3
Would rather : subject + Would Rather + Subject + had + verb
If only : If only + subject + Had + Verb 3
B. Example
 I wish he knew about my feeling

 She wish the food was delicious
 I wish you could teach me about this subject
 You wish I would come to his party
 I wish that I had had more time for you
 They would rather I had been there
1. "Let's go swimming."
"I wish I _____ we have a test tomorrow and I still have to study.
A. am able
B. could be
C. could
D. will be able
E. be able to
2. I wish ____ now at the party.

A. He is here
B. He will be here
C. He has been here
D. He were here
E. He be here
3. I am sorry I don't know the answer, but I really wish I _____
A. know
B. knew
C. have known
D. will know
e. had known
4. She went to the blackboard as if she knew how to solve the problem.
The underlined words means ____
A. She actually can't solve the problem
B. She ought to know how to solve the problem
C. She definitely knew hpw to solve the problem
D. She should know how to solve the problem
E. She suceeded how to solve the problem
5. "I am planning to go to a party tonight, but It's raining very hard now.
"I wish _____ raining now."
A. It stops
B. it has stopped
C. it will stop
D. it had stopped
e. it would stop

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READING (TEXT)

Losari is its waterfront of Makassar. The lengthy of the beach is approximately

2. What attraction does Losari beach offer?

3. Based on the text, how long is Losari beach?

5. How many hotels does the writer mention?

4. “Winner receives an award of $500 and publication in Big Muddy”

5. Which statement is NOT TRUE according to the announcement above?

1. The communicative purpose of this text is………

3. Where did the robbery take place?

4. When did the robbery happen?

5. The lexico grammatical features are mostly written in………..

1. What is the communicative purpose of the text...??? to....

3. Where text a place of the Lake batur...???

5. What is the ask kbo lwo to do..??

5. Analytical Exposition Text

1. The text gives us information about ….

2. To reduce the global warming we should ….

Read the following text to answer questions number 4 to 5.

4. Based on the facts above, the writer suggest that ... .

5. What is the generic structure of the text?

6. Hortatory Exposition Text

Should Americans be forced to Public Transportation?

1. What does writer suggest?

3. What is the function of the first paragraph?

4. What is the purpose of the article?

5. What the function of the last paragraph?

7. Body : The complete text of the letter; the subject matter content.

9. Signature : The signed name of the writer.

January 11, 2018

Your squash buddy,

Jl. Jambu 129

Your sincere friend,

3. From the letter we know that ...

Read the following text to answer questions number 4 to 5.

Apt BLK 30, Eunos St.

4. What does the letter tell about ....

5. Why did Liza ask Daisy to come to her house....

1. The text is about ....

2. From the text we know that ....

5. What kind of text is that….

1. The text mainly tells about ....

2. "They constructed drainage system and underground water reservoirs." (Paragraph 4)

3. How was the empire destroyed ....

4. What did they use to calculate ....

5. The Incas located in…

10. Procedure Text

1. Protect yourself from the sun

3. Treat your skin gently

4. Eat a healthy diet

1. What is the text about?

2. What will remove oils from your skin?

3. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the text?

4. What can we use before shaving…

11. Application Letter

Dear HRD The Jakarta Post Digital,

Mr. William Chan

Dear Mr. Chan,

Wong Wai Man Wilfred

1. What is the job title?

2. What skills and personnel qualities are required?

4. Where does Mr. Chan live?

5. Who send the letter?

12. Caption Text