Teacher: Ms H Ha Class: 10SCIO (period 2, Lab 3) Date: 16/3/20

SCIENCE (Physical World): Energy Transfer -

Conduction, Convection and Radiation

Matter:

* Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (or volume) and can be solid, liquid or gas.

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* Matter is made up of molecules and atoms (e.g. H2O and Ca).

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* Atoms are always in different types of motion (translation, rotational, vibrational).

Kinetic energy- Vibrational, rotational, translational (1:54 mins)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=622suwSpc6k

* The motion of atoms and molecules creates heat or thermal energy. All matter has this thermal energy.
The more motion the atoms or molecules have the more heat or thermal energy they will have.

Particle movement and temperature (1:45 mins)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jy7n7_8B8DE

Heat (4:09 mins)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ldMcDvm29eA

How is heat transferred?

Heat can travel from one place to another in three ways: Conduction, Convection and Radiation. Both
conduction and convection require matter to transfer heat.

If there is a temperature difference between two systems heat will always find a way to transfer from the
higher to lower system.

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See demonstration in the laboratory

LHS: Inflated balloon – containing steam, H2O(g) RHS: Deflated balloon – has no steam, H2O(g)

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Energy:

* The capacity to do work or to produce heat.

* Is neither created nor destroyed, can only be converted from one form to another.

CONDUCTION:

Conduction is the transfer of heat between substances that are in direct contact with each other. The
better the conductor, the more rapidly heat will be transferred. Metal is a good conduction of heat.
Conduction occurs when a substance is heated, particles will gain more energy, and vibrate more. These
molecules then bump into nearby particles (collision) and transfer some of their energy to them. This
then continues and passes the energy from the hot end down to the colder end of the substance.

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CONVECTION:

Thermal energy is transferred from hot places to cold places by convection. Convection occurs when
warmer areas of a liquid or gas rise to cooler areas in the liquid or gas. Cooler liquid or gas then takes
the place of the warmer areas which have risen higher. This results in a continuous circulation pattern.
Water boiling in a pan is a good example of these convection currents. Another good example of
convection is in the atmosphere. The earth's surface is warmed by the sun, the warm air rises and cool
air moves in.

RADIATION:

Radiation is a method of heat transfer that does not rely upon any contact between the heat source and
the heated object as is the case with conduction and convection. Heat can be transmitted through empty
space by thermal radiation often called infrared radiation. This is a type electromagnetic radiation. No
mass is exchanged and no medium is required in the process of radiation. Examples of radiation is the
heat from the sun, or heat released from the filament of a light bulb.
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Quizzes

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