With no central institution to bind nations to commitments, each nation must consider the

strategies of other nations in order to secure the best outcome for themselves. [1]

From an economic perspective, transboundary pollution involves strategic interactions

between nations. That’s why the main approach to be emphasized is International
cooperation, strategy forming and global and regional conventions, due to the problem
being a global issue that’s why global efforts needs to be put to use in mitigating the effects
and to share the information and data regarding the issue, that would help in forming
efficient strategies. [1]

Secondly, finding mechanisms to reduce the air pollution which is a shared responsibility of
the scientific and engineering community, highlighting the air pollutants and their sources
and innovating new ideas and procedures to predict and mitigate the effects of it. [2]

Furthermore, state wise developing institutions to regulate pollution and construct

frameworks that highlight the benefits that the conflicting states will achieve either
financially or any other form of benefits, because states and governments are drawn more
into how beneficial it is any engagement in any international involvement for them and their
citizens. [2]

Finally, also state wise policymakers should aim to introduce linkages between different
issues of transboundary pollution to encourage cooperation of all levels in the state from
governmental officials to the public, by raising awareness and providing easy access to
information about the issues at hand to educational institutions and the people. [2]

Efforts to solve the transboundary issue are made and discussed in major conferences, with
International environmental agreements and established internal science and technology
programs within international environmental agreements. Global treaties are signed and
have been put to work to help in global involvement and building of frameworks and
forming of strategies, here are some examples:

Asian efforts [3]

 Acid deposition monitoring network in East Asia (EANET)

 Long-Range Transboundary Pollution of China, Japan and Korea (LTP)
 North-East Asian Subregional Programme for Environmental Cooperation (NEASPEC)

US efforts (EPA) [4]

 First International Conference on Trans-Pacific Transport of Atmospheric

Contaminants in July 2000.
 The Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (TF HTAP) which is an
international scientific cooperative effort to improve the understanding of the
intercontinental transport of air pollution across the Northern Hemisphere.
[1] T. Johannessen, "Clean air policy under the UNECE Convention on long-
range transboundary air pollution: how are monitoring results “translated” to
policy action", iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 49-50,
2009. Available: 10.3832/ifor0476-002.
[2] Noah D. Hall, Transboundary Pollution: Harmonizing International and
Domestic Law, 40 U. MICH. J. L. REFORM 681 (2007).
[3]M. Yarime and A. Li, "Facilitating International Cooperation on Air Pollution
in East Asia: Fragmentation of the Epistemic Communities", Global Policy, vol.
9, pp. 35-41, 2018. Available: 10.1111/1758-5899.12623.
[4]"Transboundary Air Pollution | US EPA", US EPA, 2020. [Online]. Available:
https://www.epa.gov/international-cooperation/transboundary-air-pollution.
[Accessed: 15- Mar- 2020].