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Example 1:
Solution:
By the definition above, merely squares the first term. So .and
Forming the fraction yields
Hence, the answer is (B).
Example 2:
Solution:
First, we must determine whether 2k - 1 is odd or even. To this end, let k = 1.
Then 2k - 1 = 2.1- 1 = 1, which is an odd number. Therefore, we use the bottom-half of the
definition given above. That is, 2k 1 = 4(2k - 1) = 8k - 4. The answer is (C).
Example 3:
Solution:
2#3= = = = 5. The answer is (B).
Example 4:
Let x = . If , then x =
(A) (B) (C) 2 (D) 4 (E) 8
Solution:
and . Substituting the values into the equation yields
Example 5:
For all real numbers x and y, let . What is the value of y that makes x #
y equal to -x for all values of x ?
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 5 (D) 7 (E) 10
Solution:
Taking the square root of both sides of this equation yields y=0
Hence, the answer is (A).
Example 6:
is a function such that and for all a and b. Which of the following
must be true?
I. II. III.
(A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I and II only (E) I, II, and III
Solution:
Statement I is true:
Since
1 Since
This eliminates (B) and (C). Statement III is true:
Since
Since
This eliminates (A) and (D). Hence, by process of elimination, the answer is (E).
Practice Questions
1. Define the symbol # by the following equations:
.
a) 4 # 12 =
(A) 4 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 13 (E) 64
4. For all numbers N, let N denote the least integer greater than or equal to N. What is the
value of 2.1?
(A) – 4 (B) – 3 (C) – 2 (D) – 1 (E) 0