3/15/13 Measuring Tip & Glossary - KYORITSU

Crest Factor
• Measuring Tip &
Glossary
The ratio of the maximum value to the effective value.
• Application Notes It represents the range of input in which a tester maintains linear operation, expressed by a multiple of the
• General & Technical full scale value of the range being used.
FAQ Crest factor = Maximum value/True RMS value
• General Catalog For sinusoidal wave;
request Crest factor = 141/100 = 1.41
• Contact Us

Data Hold

A function to freeze the reading on a digital display for ease of checking or recording even in a difficult-to-
read situation for a tester.

Decibel: dB

A unit used to express the magnitude of change in level of electric signal or sound intensity.
A voltage ratio of 1 to 10 is equal to -20dB, 10 to 1 to 20dB, 100 to 1 to 40dB and 1000 to 1 to 60dB. A
power ratio of 10 to 1 is not 20dB, but 10dB, since power(P) is proportional to the square of voltage(V).

Demand Function

Demand function is widely used in Japan among different fields such as construction company, factory,
building maintenance company, hospital, hotel, etc., who need to consume the large electrical power.
For example, 300kW, 500kW or 600kW on an annual basis. Therefore, they naturally need to monitor the
total consumption of the power in order to save their power as low as possible.
Now, the demand function being provided in our Power Meter MODEL 6300 is quite useful and effective as
simplified monitoring system.

Dielectric Absorption Ratio

DAR measurement is a diagnostic test similar to the Polarization Index (PI), but DAR takes the ratio of the
Insulation Resistance usually measured at 30 sec and 1 min (other time settings are possible) instead of
1 min and 10 min typically of the PI.
DAR measurements are useful for instance when the PI is 2 or less even for new objects under test. In
such cases, a min DAR value of 1.25 is required.

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3/15/13 Measuring Tip & Glossary - KYORITSU

DAR 1.4 or more 1.25~1.0 1.0 or less

Criteria Best Good Bad

Dielectric Discharge

This measurement method is usually used to diagnosis multi-layer insulations, which requires the
instrument to measure the discharge current and capacitance of the measured object 1 min after the
removal of the test voltage. This is a very good insulation diagnosis test to detect deteriorations and other
problems in the multiple insulation to be assessed.

* This criteria is a guide and could be slightly changed and be adapted to particular objects under test
based on practical experience of the users.
* This method has been established to test high voltage generators installed in electric power plants in
some Europe countries.

DD 2.0 or less 2.0~4.0 4.0~7.0 7.0 or more

Criteria Good Warning Poor Very Poor

Diode Test

A function to apply a diode or a transistor a constant current having a value needed to turn it on in order to
check the diode's or the transistor's forward voltage drop and identifying the connection direction of the
device.

Distortion Factor

A degree of distortion of a waveform, typically expressed as the ratio of the effective value of harmonic
components to the effective value of the fundamental component.

Dual Integration Method

A technique to convert voltage into time. The first integration time (Ts) and the second integration time (Tx)
are used. First, the input voltage (Vx) is integrated on a certain time interval (Ts) and then, the resulting
voltage is "reverse-integrated" using a reference voltage (Vr) until it becomes 0 (zero).

The "reverse-integration time" (Tx) is proportional to input voltage (Vx). Therefore, the input voltage (Vx) can
be determined by measuring Tx.

With this technique, stable measurements can be taken with high accuracy, resolution and noise rejection
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3/15/13 Measuring Tip & Glossary - KYORITSU
With this technique, stable measurements can be taken with high accuracy, resolution and noise rejection
ratio. One particular advantage is high noise rejection ratio at 50 or 60Hz power line frequency. All of
Kyoritsu digital clamp meters and testers utilize this method.

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