TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES

938 Aurora Boulevard, Cubao, Quezon City

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

CE 507
WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING

“DESIGN OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN NORTH OLYMPUS, ZABARTE SUBDIVISION USING

EPANET”

SUBMITTED BY:
JERALD ARIS C. CAJAYON

SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. ALVIN DELIRO

1st Semester, A.Y. 2020-2021

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Contents
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background of the Study ..................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 The Project .......................................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Project Location .................................................................................................................................. 2
CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DESIGN METHODOLOGY ............................................................................... 3
2.1 Steps in Distribution System Design Using Computer Software ........................................................ 3
2.1.1 Base Mapping .................................................................................................................................. 4
2.1.2 Water Demand Projection ................................................................................................................ 4
2.1.3 Tentative Layout ............................................................................................................................... 5
2.1.4 Distribution Demands ....................................................................................................................... 5
2.1.5 Encoding of Input Data..................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.6 Hydraulic Network Simulation .......................................................................................................... 7
2.1.7 Examination of Hydraulic Run Result ............................................................................................ 31
CHAPTER 3: DESIGN CRITERIA .............................................................................................................. 32
3.1 Project Population ............................................................................................................................. 33
3.1.1 Population Growth after 10 years .............................................................................................. 34
3.2 Design Inputs .................................................................................................................................... 34
3.3 Design Criteria and Standards .......................................................................................................... 35
3.4 Water Demand Variation ................................................................................................................... 35
3.6 Design of Reservoir ....................................................................................................................... 35
3.7 Design of Distribution System Conditions ......................................................................................... 36
3.8.1 Pipeline Materials ........................................................................................................................... 36
3.9 Pumps ............................................................................................................................................... 37
CHAPTER 4: PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA .................................... 38
4.1.2 Tank Demand ................................................................................................................................. 40
4.1.3 Pumps ............................................................................................................................................ 41
CHAPTER 5: DATA RESULTS AND CONCLUSION ................................................................................. 42
5.1 Simulation Results ............................................................................................................................ 42
5.2 Conclusion......................................................................................................................................... 60

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 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Water is at the heart of sustainable development and is essential for socio-economic growth, healthy ecosystems
and human survival. It is essential to reduce the global disease burden and to improve people's health, welfare and
productivity. It is essential to manufacturing and preserving a host of people's advantages and services. Everyone
is entitled to water. Unfortunately, billions of individuals around the globe do not have access to safe drinking water,
defined as affordable on-site water, available when required and free of contamination. In the Philippines, there is
still no access to improved water sources for about 1 in 10 individuals. The situation could deteriorate as the country
is afflicted by the El Niño phenomenon and climate change that contributes to temperature rise, drying up our water
sources.

Insufficient and intermittent water supply in some part of North Olympus can have severe health implications, and
other areas of the nation. Often individuals are compelled to depend on drinking water sources that may not be
secure when water is scarce. They may also lack sufficient water for fundamental hygiene to wash themselves and
their clothes, and to prevent infection from foodborne illnesses and waterborne diseases. Because of brief supply,
low or negative water pressure in pipes can attract contaminants which, when the supply is restored, will jeopardize
water quality. Furthermore, restricted supply requires more water to be stored by individuals. This will provide more
opportunities for mosquitoes to breed if not treated correctly and subsequently boost instances of mosquito-borne
illnesses such as dengue fever.

1.2 The Project

During the dry season, water supply in some part of North Olympus diminishes as the subdivision depends on just
one water tank. With every other dry season and the imminent impacts of climate change on our natural resources,
water supply is threatened with passing year by year and thus affecting all kinds of customers directly. The scientists
strive to provide and develop water line design for domestic water consumers to benefit both customers and the
two concessionaires as they have a greater ability to adapt water sustainability methodologies.

The purpose of water distribution system is to transport water to the consumer with sufficient supply. The need of
water supply in North Olympus, Novaliches must be provided for the daily routine of its settlers.

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1.3 Project Location
The project is located at Barangay Kaligayahan, North Olympus Zabarte, Novaliches. It is lying around at longitude
of 121.0438523 and latitude of 14.767413 also has an elevation of 59m.

Figure 1-1 Project Location

Source: elevation.maplogs.com

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 CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DESIGN METHODOLOGY

2.1 Steps in Distribution System Design Using Computer Software

The students used the modern tools and software for the project to compute for different parameters needed. The
following were used for designing:

EPANET is a software application used throughout the world to model water distribution systems. It was developed
as a tool for understanding the movement and fate of drinking water constituents within distribution systems, and
can be used for many different types of applications in distribution systems analysis. Today, engineers and
consultants use EPANET to design and size new water infrastructure, retrofit existing aging infrastructure, optimize
operations of tanks and pumps, reduce energy usage, investigate water quality problems, and prepare for
emergencies. It can also be used to model contamination threats and evaluate resilience to security threats or
natural disasters.

Figure 2-1 Epanet Software

AutoCAD is a commercial computer-aided design (CAD) and drafting software application. Developed and
marketed by Autodesk, [AutoCAD was first released in December 1989 as a desktop app running on
microcomputers with internal graphics controllers. Before AutoCAD was introduced, most commercial CAD
programs ran on mainframe computers or minicomputers, with each CAD operator (user) working at a separate
graphics terminal. Since 2010, AutoCAD was released as a mobile- and web app as well, marketed as AutoCAD
360.

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 Figure 2-2 AutoCAD Software

2.1.1 Base Mapping

A base map is the graphic representation at a specified scale of selected fundamental map information; used as a
framework upon which additional data of a specialized nature may be compiled (American Society of
Photogrammetry, 1980). Within the multipurpose cadastre, the base map provides a primary medium by which the
locations of cadastral parcels can be related to the geodetic reference framework; to major natural and man-made
features such as bodies of water. roads, buildings, and fences; and to municipal and political boundaries. The base
map also provides the means by which all land-related information may be related graphically to cadastral parcels.

Figure 2-3: Site Development Plan

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2.1.2 Water Demand Projection

The districts develop water demand projections to determine existing legal uses, anticipated future needs, existing
and reasonably anticipated sources of water, and potential savings via conservation efforts. The districts’ goal in
projecting water demands is to develop estimates of projected need that are reasonable based on the best
information available and that are mutually acceptable to the water users and the districts. The projected increase
in demand is used in water resource analyses to determine the potential for unacceptable impacts to groundwater
quality, wetlands and water bodies. The methods used in determining the projections can be found here.

Water use and projected demand in the districts is grouped into six water use categories for water supply
planning.

• Public supply
• Domestic self-supply and small public supply systems (DSS)
• Agricultural irrigation self-supply
• Landscape / recreational / aesthetic irrigation self-supply (LRA)
• Commercial / industrial / institutional and mining / dewatering self-supply (CII/MD)
• Thermoelectric power generation self-supply (PG)

2.1.3 Tentative Layout

Figure 2-4: Water Distribution Lay-out of Barangay Kaligayahan, North Olympus Zabarte

Figure 2-4 shows the layout of water distribution system along Barangay Kaligayahan, North Olympus Zabarte, It
includes arrangement of pipes, tanks, and junctions

2.1.4 Distribution Demands

Water Demand is equivalent to water use which is volume rate of flow that is applied to some beneficial purpose.
We use large amounts of water each day, as water serves many different purposes. We use water to drink, to do
the dishes, to take a shower, to flush the toilet, to cook diner and form any other purposes. But water is not only

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used for domestic purposes, humans also use water in the industries and in agriculture. In agriculture water is
mainly used to water crops, but in the industries it serves many different purposes. It can serve as an ingredient of
a product we produce, but it can also be a part of the whole production process.

2.1.5 Encoding of Input Data

1) Water Pressure - If water pressure is too low, this will be inconvenient for building users whereas, If pressure is
too high, this will lead to wastage of water, as well as high wear and tear on the system.

2) Water Flow rate - A flow rate that is too high will result in water being wasted, whereas a flow rate that is too
low will mean that sanitary fixtures and appliances don’t work properly.

Flow rate is affected by:

• Water pressure – pressure is directly proportional to flow rate thus, the high pressure equates to high
flow rate and vice versa.
• Pipe diameters – The smaller the internal diameter of the pipe, the lower the pressure and flow rate.
• Water temperature – higher temperatures will tend to raise pressure and flow rates

3) Pipe size (diameter) – Pipes must be sized to achieve the designed flow rate. When calculating pipe
sizes, the velocity of the water flowing through the pipes must not exceed 3.0 m/s.

4) Pipe materials and specifications – Pipe materials must be selected properly. The pipes used in a
project must not contaminate potable water supply, and must be suitable for the water pressure, flow rate
and temperature of water they will be carrying.

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2.1.6 Hydraulic Network Simulation

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Table 2-1 Result of Hydraulic Simulation

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2.1.7 Examination of Hydraulic Run Result

Figure 2-5 Average Reaction Rates

Figure 2- 6 Energy Report

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 CHAPTER 3: DESIGN CRITERIA

For the students to have a better understanding of the case area being considered, the Water Distribution Layout
and Tank-Pump Layout of the model and case area, Brgy. Salvacion,Tigaon, Camarines Sur is provided below for
analysis. Likewise, the hydraulic model will be simulated under Single Period and Extended Period using EPANET
through consideration of different conditions such as physical and nonphysical components of the system.

Figure 3-1 Water Distribution Lay-out of Brgy. Kaligayahan, North Olympus Zabarte, Novaliches

Figure 3-1 shows the layout of water distribution system along Brgy. Kaligayahan, North Olympus Zabarte,
Novaliches. It includes arrangement of pipes, tanks, and junctions

Figure 3-2 Tank-Pump Layout

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All the required parameters for the Physical Components of the system (i.e. Reservoir, Tanks, Valve, and Pipes
(Links) and Junctions (Nodes) were already provided in the EPANET Model File except for the following:

Physical Component Required Parameters

Reservoir Total Head
Pipes Diameter and Hazen-William, C-coefficient
Tanks Initial Water Level, Min and Water Level and Diameter
Pumps Power and Speed
Junctions Base-Demand and Demand Pattern
Valves Diameter, Setting Time and Loss Coefficient
Table 3-1 Required Parameters for Physical Components

Correspondingly, here are the following data for the non-physical components (i.e. Curves, Time Patterns and
Controls) needed to run the model.

Non – Physical Components Required Parameters

Curves Pump Curve

Time Patterns Demand Pattern
Controls Tank Water Level

Table 3-2 Required Parameters for Non-Physical Components

In line with the design of the water-distribution system, herein provided the data and computations used for the
simulation of hydraulic model.

3.1 Project Population

A population projection gives a picture of what the future size and structure of the population by sex and age might
look like. It is based on knowledge of the past trends, and, for the future, on assumptions made for three
components: fertility, mortality and migration. Different evolution assumptions are made for each component,
constituting different scenarios. The projections serve as a basis for long-term thinking, particularly in terms of
collective development. They make it possible to analyse population trends if the assumptions are true, but are not
forecasts. Individual behaviour, certain public policy actions, scientific progress or unforeseen events (weather
events, epidemics) in the coming years may have a lasting effect and significantly influence trends, which the
projections do not take into account.

Population (2015 census)

Urban/Rural
Urban 54,576

Table 3-3 Base Population Data

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3.1.1 Population Growth after 10 years

The population of Kaligayahan grew from 18,135 in 1990 to 54,576 in 2015, an increase of 36,441 people. The
latest census figures in 2015 denote a positive growth rate of 2.30%, or an increase of 6,143 people, from the
previous population of 48,433 in 2010.

𝑃=𝑃𝑜𝑒𝑟𝑡

Where: P = total Population after time “t”

Po = Starting Population

r = % Rate of growth

T = time in hours

e = euler’s number

Urban/Rural Population (2015 census) Table 3-

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Rural 60,344
Population Growth after 10 years

3.2 Design Inputs

The following input for design were considered:

a. Design Period: 10 years

b. Water Demand

• Minimum Demand

• Average Daily Demand

• Peak Hour Demand

• Maximum Daily Demand

c. Non-Revenue Water (NRW): 15 percent

d. Household per Pubic Faucet: 26-58 household

• Per Capita Consumption

Level II: 50-60 LPCD

Level III: Domestic: 80-100 LPCD

Institutional: 1m3 /day or actual

Commercial: 0.8m3 /day

e. Design of Pump

• Pump TDH: Depth of Pumping Water Level + Maximum Reservoir Water Level + Friction Losses

• Pump Capacity = Max Day Demand/Operating Hours

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f. Design of Reservoir

• Reservoir Capacity = 25% (ADD)

3.3 Design Criteria and Standards

Pipe Material Diameter Recommended C-values

Plastic <300 mm 140

Table 2-6 C-values and Pipe Material (Source: Water Supply Volume 1 Design Manual)

This table represents the recommended C-value for Plastic Pipe.

3.4 Water Demand Variation

Demand Parameter Demand Factor

Average Day Demand 1
Minimum Day Demand 0.30 of average demand
Maximum Day Demand 1.3 of average demand
2.5ADD (if >1000 connections) 3.0ADD (if<1000
Peak Hour Demand
connections)

Table 3-7 Water Demand Variation

Minimum Day Demand

The minimum amount of water required in a single day over a year.

Average Day Demand

Average Day Demand is the average of the daily water demand spread in a year.

3.5 Design of Pump

To determine the power needed by the pump, the following equation is to be used:

𝑷=𝑸𝝆𝒈𝒉

Where:

𝑄 – flow in m3/s

𝜌 – density of the liquid in kg/m3

𝑔 – acceleration due to gravity

ℎ – pressure loss in the system in meters

3.6 Design of Reservoir

To determine the head of the reservoir the equation below is to be used:

𝒛= 𝑷𝜸𝒈

Where:

𝑃 – Pressure head

𝛾 – unit weight of liquid

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𝑔 – acceleration due to gravity

To compute for the capacity of the tank:

𝑹𝒆𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒐𝒊𝒓 𝑪𝒂𝒑𝒂𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚=𝟐𝟓% 𝒐𝒇 𝑨𝑫𝑫

Assuming the tank is cylindrical in shape:

𝑽= 𝝅𝒓𝟐𝒉

The minimum water level in the tank can be computed by the following formula using the minimum allowable unit
head loss and the corresponding distance from the farthest node to the reservoir.

𝒉𝑚𝑖𝑛=𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠∗𝑑

3.7 Design of Distribution System Conditions

Pressure: 70 m to 7 m (100 psi to 10 psi)

Water Velocity Range: 0.4 m/s to 3 m/s

Pipe Friction Head loss: 0.5 m/km to 10 m/km

Maximum Day Demand

Maximum Day Demand is the maximum amount of water required in a single day over a year.

Peak Hour Demand

Peak Hour Demand is the highest hourly demand in a day.

3.8 Pipes

A pipe is a tubular section or hollow cylinder, usually but not necessarily of circular cross-section, used mainly to
convey substances which can flow — liquids and gases (fluids), slurries, powders and masses of small solids. It
can also be used for structural applications; hollow pipe is far stiffer per unit weight than solid members.

3.8.1 Pipeline Materials

Piping material selection mainly depends on process conditions such as

• Fluid it transports;

• at what temperature

• at what pressure it transports.

Similar to process fluid properties, there are certain material properties that also consider while selecting pipe
material. Some of them are

Ultimate Tensile Strength – that is the capacity of a material to withstand when subjected to tension.

Yield Strength – that is the load at which plastic deformation or you can say permanent deformation start.

Elasticity – is the ability of a material to resume its normal shape after the load is removed just like rubber.

% Elongation – Percent elongation is a measure of ductility.

Hardness – is ability of a material to resist plastic deformation.

Toughness – ability of a material to absorb energy before fracture.

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Creep resistance – ability to resist any kind of distortion when under a load over an extended period.

Fatigue Resistance – is ability of material to withstand cyclic load for a given number of cycles before it fails.

Now considering both process and material property you can choose piping material from a verity of material
available. In this chart, I have listed different types of material that used in process piping to meet various design
condition. Piping material broadly classified into three categories. Metal, Nonmetal, and composite, which is a
combination of metal to metal or metal to non-metal.

Figure 3-3 Piping Material Selection

3.9 Pumps

Water pumps are commonly used on construction sites for dewatering or removing excess water accumulation.
Water can build up due to heavy rains or from a high water table, and pumps allow you to move the water quickly
to minimize downtime. Water pumps suitable for this application come in two main types and can be electric, gas-
powered, hydraulic, or manual.

There are two basic types of water pumps: centrifugal and positive displacement. Both types are designed to move
water from one place to another continuously.

A centrifugal water pump uses a rotating impeller to move water into the pump and pressurize the discharge flow.
Centrifugal water pumps come in several different types, including standard, trash, and submersible models. All
liquids can be pumped using centrifugal water pumps, even those with low viscosity. These pumps work well with
thin liquids and offer high flow rates.

Positive displacement water pumps deliver a fixed amount of flow through the mechanical contraction and
expansion of a flexible diaphragm. Positive displacement pumps are used in many industries that manage high-
viscosity liquids and where sensitive solids may be present. They are recommended for applications requiring a
combination of low flow and high pressure.

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 CHAPTER 4: PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

4.1 Data Assumption

4.1.1 Valve

A valve is a device that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid by opening, closing, or partially obstructing
various passageways. Valves are technically fittings, but are usually discussed as a separate category. In an open
valve, fluid flows in a direction from higher pressure to lower pressure

Figure 4-1 Properties of Valve

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 Figure 4-2 Pump Curve

Figure 4-3 System Flow Balance

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4.1.2 Tank Demand

Figure 4-4 Profile Tank Demand @ 0:00 hrs

Figure 4-5 Profile Tank Demand @ 24:00 hrs

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4.1.3 Pumps

Figure 4-6 Flow for Pumps @ 24:00 hrs

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 CHAPTER 5: DATA RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Simulation Results

Network Table - Links at 0:00 Hrs

Unit Friction
Length Diameter Roughness Flow Velocity Status
Headloss Factor
Link ID ft in GPM fps ft/Kft
Pipe 1 26.24 6 100 7.42 0.04 0 0.06 Open
Pipe 2 26.24 6 100 6.6 0.03 0 0.076 Open
Pipe 3 26.24 6 100 5.78 0.03 0 0.066 Open
Pipe 4 26.24 6 100 4.95 0.02 0 0.045 Open
Pipe 5 26.24 6 100 4.13 0.02 0 0.065 Open
Pipe 6 26.24 6 100 3.3 0.02 0 0.101 Open
Pipe 7 26.24 6 100 2.48 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 8 30 6 100 1.65 0.01 0 0.355 Open
Pipe 9 30 6 100 0.82 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 16 92 6 100 29.48 0.15 0.02 0.053 Open
Pipe 17 26.24 6 100 7.42 0.04 0 0.08 Open
Pipe 18 26.24 6 100 6.6 0.03 0 0.051 Open
Pipe 19 26.24 6 100 5.78 0.03 0 0.066 Open
Pipe 20 26.24 6 100 4.95 0.02 0 0.09 Open
Pipe 21 26.24 6 100 4.13 0.02 0 0.065 Open
Pipe 22 26.24 6 100 3.3 0.02 0 0.101 Open
Pipe 23 26.24 6 100 2.48 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 24 30 6 100 1.65 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 25 30 6 100 0.83 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 27 56 6 100 37.8 0.19 0.04 0.052 Open
Pipe 30 15 6 100 0.23 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 31 15 6 100 0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 32 15 6 100 0.08 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 33 15 6 100 0.23 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 34 15 6 100 0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 35 15 6 100 0.08 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 36 15 6 100 -0.07 0.01 0 5.151 Open
Pipe 37 15 6 100 -0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 38 15 6 100 0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 39 15 6 100 0.08 0 0 5.151 Open
Pipe 40 15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 41 15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 42 15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 43 15 6 100 0.08 0 0 5.151 Open

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Pipe 44 15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 45 15 6 100 0.08 0 0 5.151 Open
Pipe 46 35 6 100 -0.52 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 47 26.24 6 100 -1.35 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 48 15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 49 15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 50 15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 51 15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 52 15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 53 15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 54 15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 55 15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 56 15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 57 15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 58 26.24 6 100 -2.17 0.01 0 0.233 Open
Pipe 59 15 6 100 -0.08 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 60 15 6 100 -0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 61 15 6 100 0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
Pipe 62 15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 63 15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
Pipe 64 15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
Pipe 65 15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 66 15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 67 15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 68 15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 69 26.24 6 100 -3 0.02 0 0 Open
Pipe 70 26.24 6 100 -3.83 0.02 0 0.075 Open
Pipe 71 26.24 6 100 -4.65 0.02 0 0.102 Open
Pipe 72 26.24 6 100 -5.47 0.03 0 0.037 Open
Pipe 73 26.24 6 100 -6.3 0.03 0 0.083 Open
Pipe 75 92 6 100 -21.15 0.11 0.01 0.056 Open
Pipe 76 15 6 100 -0.07 0.11 0 0 Open
Pipe 77 15 6 100 -0.15 0.11 0 0 Open
Pipe 78 15 6 100 0.15 0.11 0 0 Open
Pipe 79 15 6 100 0.08 0.11 0 0 Open
Pipe 80 15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 81 15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 82 15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 83 15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 84 15 6 100 0.15 0.14 0 0 Open
Pipe 85 15 6 100 0.08 0.14 0 0 Open

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Pipe 86 15 6 100 0.38 0.14 0 0 Open
Pipe 87 15 6 100 0.38 0.14 0 0 Open
Pipe 88 15 6 100 0.15 0.14 0 0 Open
Pipe 89 15 6 100 0.08 0.14 0 0 Open
Pipe 90 15 6 100 0.15 0.14 0 0 Open
Pipe 91 15 6 100 0.08 0.14 0 0 Open
Pipe 92 15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 93 15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 94 15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
Pipe 95 15 6 100 0.08 0.15 0 0 Open
Pipe 96 15 6 100 0.38 0.12 0 0.206 Open
Pipe 97 15 6 100 0.15 0.15 0 0 Open
Pipe 98 15 6 100 0.08 0.15 0 0 Open
Pipe 99 15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
100
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
101
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.15 0 0 Open
102
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
103
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.15 0 0 Open
104
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0 0 0 Open
105
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
106
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.14 0 0 Open
107
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
108
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
109
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
110
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
111
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
112
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
113
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
114
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
115
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.12 0 0.206 Open
116
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
117

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Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
118
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
119
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0.12 0 0 Open
120
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0.12 0 0.206 Open
121
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
122
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
123
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
124
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
125
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.12 0 0.206 Open
126
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
127
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
128
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
129
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
130
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.12 0 0.206 Open
131
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
132
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
133
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
134
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
135
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
136
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
137
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0.12 0 0 Open
138
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
139
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
140
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.12 0 0 Open
141
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
142
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
143
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
144

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Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
145
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
146
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
147
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
148
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
149
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
150
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
151
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
152
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
153
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
154
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
155
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
156
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
157
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
158
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
159
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
160
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.03 0 0.206 Open
161
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.03 0 0 Open
162
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.03 0 0 Open
163
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.03 0 0 Open
164
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.03 0 0 Open
165
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.03 0 0 Open
166
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.03 0 0 Open
167
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.03 0 0 Open
168
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.03 0 0 Open
169
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.03 0 0 Open
170
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.03 0 0 Open
171

46
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.03 0 0 Open
172
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.03 0 0 Open
173
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.03 0 0 Open
174
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.03 0 0 Open
175
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.03 0 0 Open
176
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.03 0 1.288 Open
177
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.03 0 0 Open
178
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.03 0 1.288 Open
179
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.03 0 0 Open
180
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.03 0 0 Open
181
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 1.288 Open
182
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
183
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 1.288 Open
184
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
185
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
186
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
187
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
188
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.2 0 0 Open
189
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
190
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.01 0 0 Open
191
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
192
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
193
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
194
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.13 0 0 Open
195
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.1 0 0.206 Open
196
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
197
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
198

47
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
199
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
200
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.02 0 0.206 Open
201
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.02 0 0 Open
203
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.02 0 0 Open
204
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.02 0 0 Open
205
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.02 0 0 Open
206
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
207
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
208
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
209
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
210
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
211
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
212
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
213
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
214
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
215
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
216
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
217
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
218
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
219
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
220
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
221
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
222
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0 0 0 Open
223
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
224
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
225
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
226

48
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
227
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
228
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
229
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
230
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0 Open
231
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
232
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
233
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
234
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
235
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
236
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
237
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.12 0 1.288 Open
238
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 1.288 Open
239
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
240
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0 Open
241
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.12 0 0 Open
242
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0.01 0 0 Open
243
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.12 0 1.288 Open
244
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.01 0 1.288 Open
245
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
246
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0.01 0 0 Open
247
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
248
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
249
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
250
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0.01 0 0 Open
251
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
252
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0 0 0 Open
253

49
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
254
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
255
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.01 0 0 Open
256
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0 0 0 Open
257
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
258
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
259
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
260
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0 Open
261
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.01 0 0 Open
262
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
263
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
264
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0 0 0 Open
265
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
266
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0.01 0 0 Open
267
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
268
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
269
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.01 0 0 Open
270
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
271
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.01 0 0.206 Open
272
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
273
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
274
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
275
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
276
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0 0 0 Open
277
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
278
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
279
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
280

50
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
281
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.01 0 0.206 Open
282
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
283
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.01 0 0 Open
284
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
285
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
286
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0.01 0 0 Open
287
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
288
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
289
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.01 0 0 Open
290
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
291
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
292
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0 0 0 Open
293
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
294
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
295
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
296
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
297
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
298
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
299
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
300
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
301
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
302
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
303
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
304
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0 0 0 Open
305
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
306
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
307

51
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
308
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
309
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
310
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0 Open
311
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
312
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
313
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
314
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
315
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
316
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0 0 0 Open
317
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
318
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.12 0 0 Open
319
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
320
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0 Open
321
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.12 0 0 Open
322
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
323
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
324
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0.12 0 0 Open
325
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
326
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
327
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
328
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
329
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
330
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
331
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
332
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
333
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
334

52
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
335
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
336
Pipe
26.24 6 100 -0.82 0 0 0 Open
338
Pipe
26.24 6 100 -1.65 0.01 0 0 Open
339
Pipe
26.24 6 100 -2.48 0.01 0 0 Open
340
Pipe
26.24 6 100 -3.3 0.02 0 0.101 Open
341
Pipe
26.24 6 100 -4.13 0.02 0 0.065 Open
342
Pipe
26.24 6 100 -4.95 0.02 0 0.09 Open
343
Pipe
26.24 6 100 -5.78 0.03 0 0.066 Open
344
Pipe
92 6 100 -13.95 0.07 0.01 0.06 Open
345
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
346
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
347
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
348
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
349
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
350
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
351
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
352
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
353
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
354
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
355
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
356
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.07 0 0 Open
357
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
358
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
359
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0 Open
360
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.07 0 0 Open
361
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
362

53
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
363
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
364
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
365
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0 0 0 Open
366
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
367
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.07 0 0 Open
368
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
369
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0 Open
370
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
371
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
372
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
373
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
374
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
375
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0.04 0 0 Open
376
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
377
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
378
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.07 0 0 Open
379
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0.04 0 0 Open
380
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.07 0 0 Open
381
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.07 0 0 Open
382
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.04 0 0 Open
383
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
384
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.04 0 0 Open
385
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
386
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 1.288 Open
387
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 1.288 Open
388
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
389

54
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0 Open
390
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
391
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.04 0 1.288 Open
392
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.04 0 0 Open
393
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 1.288 Open
394
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
395
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
396
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
397
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
398
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
399
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
400
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
401
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
402
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
403
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
404
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
405
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
406
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
407
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
408
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
409
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
410
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
411
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
412
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
413
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0.04 0 0 Open
414
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
415
Pipe
35 6 100 -0.53 0 0 0 Open
417

55
Pipe
26.24 6 100 -1.35 0.01 0 0 Open
418
Pipe
26.24 6 100 -2.17 0.01 0 0.233 Open
419
Pipe
26.24 6 100 -3 0.02 0 0 Open
420
Pipe
26.24 6 100 -3.83 0.02 0 0.075 Open
421
Pipe
26.24 6 100 -4.65 0.02 0 0.102 Open
422
Pipe
26.24 6 100 -5.47 0.03 0 0.037 Open
423
Pipe
26.24 6 100 -6.3 0.03 0 0.083 Open
424
Pipe
92 6 100 7.28 0.04 0 0.065 Open
426
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0 0 0 Open
427
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
428
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.22 0 0 0 Open
429
Pipe
15 6 100 0.23 0 0 0 Open
430
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.03 0 0 Open
431
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.03 0 0 Open
432
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0.2 0 5.151 Open
433
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.03 0 0 Open
434
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.1 0 0 Open
435
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.05 0 5.151 Open
436
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0 Open
437
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
438
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
439
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 5.151 Open
440
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
441
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 5.151 Open
442
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0 0 0 Open
443
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
444
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
445

56
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
446
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0 Open
447
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
448
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.05 0 0 Open
449
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.16 0 0 Open
450
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.03 0 0 Open
451
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.12 0 0 Open
452
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0.03 0 0 Open
453
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
454
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
455
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
456
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
457
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
458
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
459
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
460
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
461
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
462
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.07 0 0 0 Open
463
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.02 0 0 Open
464
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
465
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.1 0 0 Open
466
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0.05 0 0 Open
467
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.2 0 0 Open
468
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
469
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
470
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
471
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
472

57
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
473
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
474
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
475
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
476
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0.1 0 0 Open
477
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.06 0 0 Open
478
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.2 0 0 Open
479
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.28 0 0 Open
480
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.14 0 0 Open
481
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.05 0 0 Open
482
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0.3 0 0 Open
483
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
484
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
485
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
486
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
487
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0.1 0 0.206 Open
488
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.02 0 0 Open
489
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.03 0 0 Open
490
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
491
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
492
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0.01 0 0 Open
493
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
494
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0.01 0 0 Open
495
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0.01 0 0 Open
496
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0 Open
497
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0 Open
498
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
499

58
 Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
500
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
501
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
502
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.08 0 0 0 Open
503
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.15 0 0 0 Open
504
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
505
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
506
Pipe
15 6 100 -0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
507
Pipe
15 6 100 0.38 0 0 0.206 Open
508
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
509
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
510
Pipe
15 6 100 0.15 0 0 0 Open
511
Pipe
15 6 100 0.08 0 0 0 Open
512
Pipe
20 6 100 0.07 0 0 0 Open
513
Pump
#N/A #N/A #N/A 37.95 0 -66.07 0 Open
p1
Valve 13 #N/A 12 #N/A 8.25 0.02 0 0 Open
Valve 15 #N/A 12 #N/A 8.25 0.02 0 0 Open
Valve 28 #N/A 12 #N/A 37.88 0.11 0 0 Open
Valve 74 #N/A 12 #N/A 7.13 0.02 0 0 Open
Valve
#N/A 12 #N/A -6.6 0.02 0 0 Open
202
Valve
#N/A 12 #N/A 7.13 0.02 0 0 Open
425

59
5.2 Conclusion

In water supply system based on my research, the Distribution Network comprises if 60-70% of the total cost of the
system optimization helps in reducing the cost of pipe network by selecting best possible diameter to guarantee
best flow rate. Also the design for optimal distribution of the network is a complex task. The water distribution
network was designed using epanet software that is a big help to lessen the work of the engineers and it is more
efficient to use especially in designing pipes. The use of simulations greatly help the designing process of
distribution systems as you could see the different outputs whenever there is a change in the system which you
could use to adjust and tweak all the different variables to optimize and maximize the effectivity and efficiency of
the system. It is to be noted that adjusting the power and speed of the pump will be the variable that will increase
or decrease of the pressure head in the nodes. While adjusting the diameter of the pipes will alter the unit headloss
and velocities for each.

By using knowledge in hydraulics, the designing of water distribution system using epanet became easy to
understand. The results shows that velocity present in all the pipes lies well within a standart recommended range
of 0.984252 fps to 9.84252fps (based on my research).

60