FINAL EXAM

TM3101 DRILLING ENGINEERING I & LAB

PETROLEUM ENGINEERING STUDY PROGRAM
INSTITUTE TECHNOLOGY BANDUNG
(TAKE HOME)

SECTION A (INDIVIDUAL WORK)

1. Explain about drilling personnel below:

Source: Heriot-Watt, p.6 (2005)

Explain also about cementing company, bit company, wellhead & XMT company, casing and
tubing company,.…

Example:

Name Definition Job Description Example

Cementing Provides cementing services, which Cementing Schlumberger,

company are required to hold well casing in services (prepare Halliburton, …
place and pevent any fluid movement cement slurry,
from the reservoir to the wellbore. mixing, ….)
2. Determine the power system, hoisting system, circulating system, rotating system and well
control design based on the data below:

TASHA Rig, Apexindo.

Source: www.apexindo.com/offshore_rigs
 Component Function/Definition Standard Operating mechanism

Drill Bit Make a hole by crush API 7-1 The tool used to crush or cut rock by
and cut the rocks. applying drag and or torque force.
(Schlumberger Oilfield Glossary).

3. Explain the flow path of wellbore planning!

Source: Neal Adams, p.6 (1985)

4. Define the term of “mud cake” based on drilling, production and reservoir engineering.

5. A drillstring is composed of 7000 ft of 5-in, 19.5-lbm/ft drillpipe and 500 ft of 8-in OD by

2.75-in. ID drill collars when drilling a 9.875-in borehole, Assuming that the borehole
remains in gauge, compute the number of pump cycles required to circulate mud from the
surface to the bit and from the bottom of the hole to the surface if the pump factor is 0.1781
bbl/cycle.

6. Describe factors that affect the transport of drilled cuttings.

7. Describe and explain the function of drilling fluids.

8. Explain about the usage, testing method and equipment of all drilling fluid parameter (Fann
VG, Mud Balance, LPLT, Marsh Funnel, …)!

9. Given data for bit selection:

Bit Bit Cost Rotating Time Connection Time Mean Penetration Rate
($) (hr) (hr) (ft/hr)
A 800 14.8 0.1 13.8
B 4900 57.7 0.4 12.6
C 4500 95.8 0.5 10.2

A recommended bit program is being prepared for a new well using bit performance records
from nearby wells. Drilling performance records for three bits are shown for a thick limestone
formation at 9000 ft. Determine which bit gives the lowest drilling cost if the operating cost
of the rig is $400/hr, the trip time is 7 hours, and connection time is 1 minute per connection.
Assume that each of the bits was operated at near the minimum cost per foot attainable for
that bit.

10. Formation Pressure Calculation

a. The following pore pressure information has been supplied for the well you are about to
drill. Plot the following pore pressure/depth information on a P-Z diagram:

Depth below
drill floor Pressure
(ft) (psi)
0 0
1000 465
5000 2325
8000 3720
8500 6800
9000 6850
9500 6900

b. Calculate the pore pressure gradients in the formations from surface; to 8000ft; to 8500ft;
and to 9500ft. Plot the overburden gradient (1 psi/ft) on the above plot. Determine the
mud weight required to drill the hole section: down to 8000ft; down to 8500ft; and down
to 9500ft.

11. ‘d’ and ‘dc’ exponent calculation

Assume a normal formation pressure of 0.465 psi/ft. an overburden gradient of 1.0psi/ft and a
normal mud weight for this area of 9.5 ppg.

DEPTH ROP RPM WOB MUD WEIGHT

(ft.) (ft./hr) (klbs) (ppg)
7500 125 120 38 9.5
7600 103 120 38 9.5
7700 77 110 38 9.5
7800 66 110 38 9.6
7900 45 110 35 9.6
 8000 37 110 37 9.8
8100 40 110 35 9.8
8200 42 110 33 9.9
8300 41 100 33 10.0
8400 44 100 38 10.25
8500 34 100 38 10.25
8600 33 100 40 11
8700 32 110 42 11

a. Whilst drilling the 12 1/4" hole section of a well the mud loggers were recording the data
as shown in the table below. Plot the d and dc exponent and determine whether there are
any indications of an overpressured zone.
b. If an overpressured zone exists, what is the depth of the top of the transition zone.
c. Use the Eaton equation to estimate the formation pressure at 8600 ft.

12. Explain the definition of swelling, types of clays and how to prevent and solve the swelling
problem!

13. Pressure Loss Calculation

a. Calculate the velocity of a fluid flowing through a 5” 19.5 lb/ft drillpipe (ID = 4.276”) at
150 gpm.
b. Determine the pressure loss in the above situation if the fluid is a Bingham Plastic fluid
with a plastic viscosity of 20 cp, a yield point of 15 lb/100 sq.ft and density is 10 ppg.
c. Calculate the pressure loss in the above situation if the fluid was a Power Law fluid with
an non-Newtonian Index of 0.75 and a consistency index of 70 eq cp

14. A well is drilling ahead at 10,000 ft MD (9,000 ft TVD) with a bottomhole assembly
comprised of 400 ft of 8-in x 3-in drill collars (147 lb/ft) and 4 ½-in, 16.60 lb/ft drill pipe
(18.40 lb/ft adjusted weight). A bit trip is required. Assume there is no mud lost to the
formation and the drillstring is pulled dry (e.g., there is no loss of mud at the surface).
Calculate the total volume (barrels) of drilling mud required to keep the hole full while
tripping completely out of the hole.

15. Describe picture below!

Source: Borgoyne, p.68 (1991)

 16. A well is drilling ahead with 9.0 lb/gal brine. The maximum desired particle size is 20
microns. The pit setup is conventional with the flow line discharging into the possum belly,
and the centrifuge overflow will be discharged to the reserve pit, if that equipment is selected.
The shaker is equipped with 20 mesh screens. The daily rental rates for solids control
equipment are shaker, US$20; desander, US$25; desilter, US$30; and centrifuge, US$50.
Which of the following equipment combinations gives the LEAST daily cost while satisfying
the given design and operational guidelines?

17. A rig is equipped with 10,000 ft of 5-in., 19.5-lbm/ft, Class E, XH drill pipe (adjusted weight
of 20.6 lbm/ft). A well is being drilled with 13 lbm/gal and the entire drillstring is to be
utilized in the well. Calculate the buoyed weight (lbf) of the entire drillstring.

18. How is a well drilled on land?

19. A circulating system of 1000 bbl has a density of 12.0 lb/gal. There are 300 bbl of 10.0 lb/gal
mud in storage on the rig site. How many barrels of 10.0 lb/gal mud are needed to reduce the
fluid density to 11.6 lb/gal?

20. Explain about the specification and standardization of drill pipe, drill collar, HWDP, casing,
and tubing!

Notes:
a. Do This Exam Individually
b. This exam must be done in hand writting
c. Format: A4 paper, margin 1x1cm. Language Indonesia or English
d. Submission: December 5th, 2019, 12.30 PM (Jadwal UAS dari ITB).
e. 70%

SECTION B (GROUP)
1. Work in group consists of three
2. Choose a topic based on the materials that has been given in this semester.
3. Make a poster:
a. Paper size A0
b. Form: SPE
c. English is preferred
4. Submission: TU-TM ITB. Deadline December 20th, 2019, 12.00 PM.
5. 30%