; To read a character from keyboard

org 100h

.data

inMsg db 'Enter a character ','$'

outMsg db "User entered character ",'$'

.code

main proc

;To display input message

mov ax, @data

mov ds, ax

mov dx, offset inMsg

mov ah, 9

INT 21H

;Get input from keyboard

mov ah,1h

INT 21H

mov bl, al

;To print a new line

mov ah,2

mov dl,10

int 21h

mov dl,13

int 21h
;Todisplay output msg 1st time

mov dx, offset outMsg

mov ah, 9

INT 21H

;To display the character 1st time

mov dl,bl

mov ah,2

int 21h

;To print a new line

mov ah,2

mov dl,10

int 21h

mov dl,13

int 21h

;Todisplay output msg 2nd time

mov dx, offset outMsg

mov ah, 9

INT 21H

;To display the character 2nd time

mov dl,bl

mov ah,2

int 21h

;To terminate the program

mov ah,4ch

int 21h

;To convert from lower to uppercase

.model small

.stack 110h

.data

lowercase db 'Please enter a character in lower case: ','$'

uppercase db 'Upper case of the input is: ','$'

.code

;To display input message

mov ax, @data

mov ds, ax

mov dx, offset lowercase

mov ah, 9

INT 21H

;Get lowercase input from keyboard

mov ah,1h

INT 21H

mov bl, al

;To print a new line

mov ah,2

mov dl,10

int 21h

mov dl,13

int 21h

;Todisplay output msg

mov ax, @data

mov ds, ax

mov dx, offset uppercase

mov ah, 9

INT 21H

;To display the uppercase character

sub bl,32

mov dl,bl

mov ah,2

int 21h

;To terminate the program

mov ah,4ch

int 21h
;To convert from lower to upper case

.model small

.stack 110h

.data

alphabet db 'Please enter an alphabet ? ','$'

previous db 'Previous alphabet in English grammar is : ','$'

current db 'You have entered alphabet : ', '$'

next db 'Next alphabet in English grammar is : ','$'

.code

;To display alphabet message

mov ax, @data

mov ds, ax

mov ah, 9

INT 21H
;Get input from keyboard

mov ah,1h

INT 21H

mov bl, al

;To print a new line

mov ah,2

mov dl,10

int 21h

mov dl,13

int 21h

;Todisplay previous msg

mov ax, @data

mov ds, ax

mov dx, offset previous

mov ah, 9

INT 21H

;To display the previous character

sub bl,1

mov dl,bl

mov ah,2

int 21h

;To print a new line

mov ah,2

mov dl,10

int 21h

mov dl,13
int 21h

;Todisplay current msg

mov ax, @data

mov ds, ax

mov dx, offset current

mov ah, 9

INT 21H

;To display the current character

inc bl

mov dl,bl

mov ah,2

int 21h

;To print a new line

mov ah,2

mov dl,10

int 21h

mov dl,13

int 21h

;Todisplay naxt msg

mov ax, @data

mov ds, ax

mov dx, offset next

mov ah, 9

INT 21H

;To display the next character

add bl,1

mov dl,bl
mov ah,2

int 21h

;To terminate the program

mov ah,4ch

int 21h

org 100h

.data

Num1 db 0

Num2 db 0

msgNum1 db "Enter the 1st No: $"

msgNum2 db "Enter the 2nd No: $"

msgAns db "The answer is: $"

newline db 0dh,0ah,'$'

.code
;========================================

mov ax, @data

mov ds, ax

mov dx,offset msgNum1

mov ah, 09h

int 21h

; accept 1 char from keyboard

mov ah, 1

int 21h

; convert to number

sub al,30h

mov Num1,al

mov dx,offset newline

mov ah, 09h

int 21h

;=======================================

mov dx,offset msgNum2

mov ah, 09h

int 21h

; accept 1 char from keyboard

mov ah, 1

int 21h

;convert to number

sub al,30h

mov Num2,al

;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

mov dx,offset newline

mov ah, 09h

int 21h

;ADD Num1,Num2 is illegal

mov bh, Num1

add bh, Num2

;convert back to ASCII equiv

add bh, 30h

;some message

mov dx,offset msgAns

mov ah, 09h

int 21h

;print answer

mov dl,bh

mov ah,2

int 21h

;pause.... resume when press any key

mov ah,00h

int 16h

ret
; To read a character from keyboard

org 100h

.data

var1 db 'Enter var1 value: ','$'

var2 db 'Enter var1 value: ' ,'$'

swap db 'After swapping:', '$'

var3 db 'Value or var 1: ','$'

var4 db 'Value or var 2: ','$'

.code

main proc

;To display input message

mov ax, @data

mov ds, ax

mov dx, offset var1

mov ah, 9

INT 21H

;Get 1st input from keyboard

mov ah,1h

INT 21H

mov bl, al

;temporary variable for swapping

mov cl,bl

;To print a new line

mov ah,2

mov dl,10

int 21h

mov dl,13

int 21h

;To display input message

mov dx, offset var2

mov ah, 9

INT 21H

;Get 2nd input from keyboard

mov ah,1h

INT 21H

mov bl, al

;To print a new line

mov ah,2

mov dl,10

int 21h

mov dl,13

int 21h

;After swapping

mov dx, offset swap

mov ah, 9

INT 21H

;To print a new line

mov ah,2
mov dl,10

int 21h

mov dl,13

int 21h

;To display the value of first variable

mov dx, offset var3

mov ah, 9

INT 21H

mov dl,bl

mov ah,2

int 21h

;To print a new line

mov ah,2

mov dl,10

int 21h

mov dl,13

int 21h

;swapping

mov bl,cl

;To display the value of 2nd variable

mov dx, offset var4

mov ah, 9

INT 21H

mov dl,bl
mov ah,2

int 21h

;To terminate the program

Ret

;z=a-b+c

org 100h

.data

Num1 db 0

Num2 db 0

Num3 db 0

msgNum1 db "Enter value of A $"

msgNum2 db 10,13,"Enter value of B $"

msgNum3 db 10,13,"Enter value of C $"

msgAns db 10,13,"Value of Z is: $"

.code

;========================================

main proc

mov ax, @data

mov ds, ax

mov dx,offset msgNum1

mov ah, 09h

int 21h

mov ah, 1 ; accept 1 char from keyboard

int 21h

sub al,30h ; convert to number

mov Num1,al

;=======================================

mov dx,offset msgNum2

mov ah, 09h

int 21h

mov ah, 1 ;accept 1 char from keyboard

int 21h

sub al,30h ;convert to number

mov Num2,al

;=======================================

mov dx,offset msgNum3

mov ah, 09h

int 21h

mov ah, 1 ;accept 1 char from keyboard

int 21h

sub al,30h ;convert to number

mov Num3,al

;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

;Solving the equation

mov bh, Num1

sub bh, Num2

add bh,Num3

add bh,30h ;convert back to ASCII equiv

;print answer

mov dx,offset msgAns

mov ah, 09h

int 21h

mov dl,bh

mov ah,2

int 21h

main endp

ret