ANLAM AKIŞINI BOZAN CÜMLE İPUÇLARI

1-ARA CÜMLELER DE TENSE DEĞİŞİMİ OLDUĞUNDA ZAMANI FARKLI OLAN CÜMLE ANLAM
AKIŞINI BOZMAKTADIR.ZAMAN GEÇİŞ İFADESİNE DİKKAT EDİLMELİDİR.

ÖRNEK 1:
(I)CHAMP is a missile that uses microwaves to knock out electronics near where it hits. (II)It blasts
targeted bursts from a microwave emitter, frying local electronics.(III) The effective range is not
clear. (IV) The project began in 2009, and went as far as being tested in the Utah desert in 2012(V)But
CHAMP appears to require some degree of proximity.

2-ÖZELLİKLE PARAGRAFIN İLK İKİ CÜMLESİ ARASINDAKİ UYUMA DİKKAT EDİLİR. (I). VE
(II). CÜMLE ARASIN DA UYUM YOKSA (III).CÜMLEYE BAKILARAK DOĞRU CEVAP BULUNUR.

ÖRNEK 2:
(I) We’ve now gotten rid of river blindness in six countries in the Americas.(II)The biggest challenge
in eradicating diseases is simply implementing what you already know. (III)For example,with guinea
worm, you have to tell people to pour their drinking water through a filter cloth. (IV)But a lot of
people with the parasite 30 years ago didn’t have radios and couldn’t read,so it took two or three
interpreters to get the information across (V)Now, even in poor countries cellphones are making that
easier

3-‘THIS – THAT – THESE – THOSE – SUCH – OTHER – ANOTHER’ GİBİ REFERANS KELİMELER BU
TÜR SORULAR İÇİN DE ÇOK ÖNEMLİDİR. BU KELİMELERİN KULLANILDIĞI CÜMLELERDEN
ÖNCEKİ İKİ CÜMLEYE BAKILARAK VURGULANAN KELİME ARANIR.

ÖRNEK 3:
(I)It is believed that Ceres is a dwarf planet. (II) NASA is trying to hide evidence of alien life.(III)
Scientists hoped to get a closer look at this dwarf planet’s possible superlaser after NASA’s Dawn
mission arrived in orbit on March 6. (IV)But so far we haven’t seen any close-ups of Ceres(V) And
there’s a good reason why: the Dawn spacecraft which search this planet has joined the dark side

4-CÜMLELER DE GEÇEN ‘TWO REASONS’ , ‘FOUR SECTIONS’ , ‘THREE WAYS’ GİBİ İFADELERİ
DEVAMIN DA AÇMASI GEREKİR.BU SIRALAMININ ARASINA GİREN CÜMLE ANLAM AKIŞINI
BOZMAKTADIR.

ÖRNEK 4:
(I)There are three different kinds of anaesthesia : local anaesthesia , regional anaesthesia and general
anaesthesia.(II)Patients prefer to undergo local anaesthesia for minor operations in order not to feel distress
and pain.(III)In local anaesthesia, a particular location of the body is numbed, such as mouth. (IV)Regional
anaesthesia numbs a larger part of the body by administering anaesthesia to a cluster of nerves. (V)General
anaesthesia , on the other hand, describes unconsciousness and lack of any awareness or sensation

5-4 olumlu , 1 olumsuz ya da 4 olumsuz 1 olumlu cümle varsa farklı olan anlam akışını bozar. Ama bazen
zıtlık bağlaçları ile bu kural bozulabilir
ÖRNEK 5:
(I)Goldfish have a memory span of at least three months and can distinguish between different shapes,
colours and sounds.(II)By using positive reinforcement , goldfish can be trained to recognize and to react
tricks. (III) In fact , touching a goldfish can endanger its health because it can cause the protective slime coat
to be damaged or removed. (IV)They respond to certain colors most evidently in relation to feeding.
(V)They learn to anticipate feedings provided they occur at around the same time every day.

6-Cümle arasında kullanılan ‘however – therefore – moreover- for instance’ gibi bağlaçlara dikkat etmek
gerekir. Bu bağlaçlardan önce ki cümle o cümleyi en iyi tamamlayan ifadeyi içermelidir.

Örnek 6:
(I)Operations that were not even dreamed of fifty years ago are now being carried out successfully.(II) Due
to the spread of diseases , hospitals are getting more and more crowded.(III)For instance , the heart can be
safely opened and its walves repaired.(IV)Blocked blood vessels can be cleaned out.(V)The whole stomach,
even , can be removed without causing serious problems.
7-‘some….others’ , ‘one …….another’ , ‘the former …..the latter’ uyumlarına dikkat edilmelidir.
Örnek 7:
(I)The exact cause of the weakening of the vessel walls is unknown. (II)Several risk factors that raise
the possibility of such weakness however have been identified. (III)Some of these include hardening of
the arteries due to atherosclerosis. (IV) The abdominal aorta is the largest blood vessel in the body.
(V)Other risk factors are smoking and high blood pressure that may raise the possibility of getting an
aneurysm.

8-
a)‘Also – even – referans kelimeleri’ genellikle ilk cümle de yer almazlar. Alırlarsa da onlar anlam
akışını bozmaktadır.

Örnek 8:
(I) Coffee is another beverage that tends to be prepared and served differently in different countries.
(II) The continuing slump in the price of raw coffee is causing hardship for growers on a scale unseen
for decades. (Ill) The suffering is the worst in Central America, where the drop in coffee prices has
coincided with drought (IV) In Nicaragua, coffee farmers with malnourished children are begging for
food by the roadsides. (V) In Peru, some families have abandoned their land, while others have turned
to growing drug crops in their search for money

b)(II).CÜMLE ‘HOWEVER – BUT – YET – THEREFORE – MOREOVER’ GİBİ BAĞLAÇLAR İLE

BAŞLIYORSA YADA ‘ALSO – EVEN – REFERAND KELİMELERİ’ VARSA YADA ‘HE – SHE – THEY’
KULLANILMIŞSA İLK CÜMLE KESİN DOĞRUDUR. ÇÜNKÜ İLK CÜMLE YANLIŞ DERSEK
PARAGRAFA BAĞLAÇ İLE BAŞLAMIŞ OLURUZ BU DA DOĞRU BİR KULLANIM DEĞİLDİR.

ÖRNEK 9:
(I)Traditionally, eating disorders have been viewed as a problem for women, but much less typically
for men. (II)However, contemporary research suggests that increasing numbers of men are
experiencing eating disorders and body dissatisfaction.(III) Coexisting with our ongoing obesity
epidemic are eating disorders characterized by unusual patterns .(IV)As many as 25% of individuals
with eating disorders today are male. (V)And also rates of eating disorder are about 6 times higher
among homosexual and bisexual men compared to heterosexual men
9-
a)Özne akışına dikkat etmek gerekir. Verilen parçanın tüm cümleleri aynı kişi yada şeyden bahsediyorsa
bahsetmeyen cümle anlam akışını bozmaktadır.

Örnek 10:
(I)Patrich Henry is considered one of the great patriots of America’s history.(II)He was a leader in every
protest and in every movement for colonial rights.(III)He always spoke bravely against the unfair rights and
overly burdensome regulations imposed upon the American colonists.(IV) After the revolution , they served
for Virginia from 1784 to 1786. (V)For instance , his bold speech during a state meeting in Virginia closed
with these strong words: ‘Give me liberty or give me death’

b)Özne – zamir uyumuna dikkat edilmelidir. Bir cümlede kullanılan özel bir ismin bir sonraki cümlede
mutlaka zamir ile ifade edilmesi gerekir. Bu soru tipinde iki aynı özne üst üste kullanılamaz.

Örnek 11:
(I)For many centuries , most people thought the world was flat.(II)As a result , they presumed that if one
went to the edge of the world , one would fall off into space.(III) Colombus postulated that the world was
round. (IV)There were other great Spanish explorers. (V)He proved empirically that the earth was not flat.

Örnek 12:
(I)Google Maps has done more than discourage us from asking for directions.(II) Google Maps is a
desktop and mobile web mapping service application and technology(III)it has enabled us
to explore our world. (IV)Now an international team of researchers has used the same software to
peer inside the human body, zooming down to the level of an individual cell. (V)And Right now the
technology is being used on hip tissue to better understand some diseases such as osteoarthritis.

10- 4 genel , 1 özel ; 4 özel , 1 genel cümle varsa farklı olan anlam akışını bozmaktadır.Ancak
örneklendirme bildiren bağlaçlar ile genelden özele geçiş yapılabilir. Ama özelden genele geçiş olmaz.

Örnek 13:
(I)The world cup football tournament has grown much more competitive due to globalization.
(II)More and more players from teams with no history of success are getting the chance to play for
more experienced teams in other countries.(III)Indeed , football is the most popular sport in South
America.(IV)Furthermore , the trend now in world football is for games in the competition to be
decided by much closer scores.(V) This means more suspense for the spectators , a fact that makes
watching the matches more enjoyable.
11-Kronolojik sıralamaya dikkat edilmelidir.
Örnek 14:
(I)In the fall of 2000 and the winter of 2001 , Britain was beset by a series of problems.(II) In
September 2000 , rising oil prices prompted protests by truck drivers and farmers who demanded a
reduction in the fuel tax. (III)In november 2000 , a series of unusually severe rainstorms and
tornadoes cause high flooding and killed 12 people.(IV)In June 2001,Blair won a second landslide
victory , with the Labour Party capturing 413 seats in Parliament. (V)In February 2001,footand-
mouth disease broke out among British livestock , prompting other countries to ban British meat
import and forcing the slaughter of thousands of cattle , pigs and sheep.
12-Son çare kuralı  : ‘actually – indeed – in fact – as a matter of fact’ gibi ifadeler genellikle anlam
akışını bozan cümlelerdir. Ancak yüzde 50 oranında geçerli bir kuraldır. Hiç bir şey
bulunamadığında işaretlenmelidir. Bu ifadeler bir önceki cümleyi açıklayan ifadelerdir.
Kendilerinden önceki cümle ile bağlatıları var mı bakılması gerekir.

Örnek 15:
(I)The world cup football tournament has grown much more competitive due to globalization.
(II)More and more players from teams with no history of success are getting the chance to play for
more experienced teams in other countries.(III)Indeed , football is the most popular sport in South
America.(IV)Furthermore , the trend now in world football is for games in the competition to be
decided by much closer scores.(V) This means more suspense for the spectators , a fact that makes
watching the matches more enjoyable

Örnek 16:
(I)Goldfish have a memory span of at least three months and can distinguish between different
shapes, colours and sounds.(II)By using positive reinforcement , goldfish can be trained to recognize
and to react tricks. (III) In fact , touching a goldfish can endanger its health because it can cause the
protective slime coat to be damaged or removed. (IV)They respond to certain colors most evidently in
relation to feeding. (V)They learn to anticipate feedings provided they occur at around the same time
every day.