PVSYST V6.

86 20/02/20 Page 1/10

Grid-Connected System: Simulation parameters

Project : final solar design 4/2/2020
Geographical Site Karachi Intl Arpt Country Pakistan
Situation Latitude 24.90° N Longitude 67.13° E
Time defined as Legal Time Time zone UT+5 Altitude 22 m
Albedo 0.20
Meteo data: Karachi Intl Arpt Meteonorm 7.2 - Synthetic

PVsyst TRIAL
Simulation variant :

Simulation parameters
Collector Plane Orientation
solar design 4/2/2020
Simulation date

System type
Tilt
20/02/20 15h12

No 3D scene defined, no shadings

26° Azimuth 0°
Models used Transposition Perez Diffuse Perez, Meteonorm
Horizon Free Horizon
Near Shadings No Shadings
Storage Kind Self-consumption
Charging strategy When excess solar power is available

PVsyst TRIAL
Discharging strategy As soon as power is needed
User's needs : Daily household consumers Constant over the year
average 21.4 kWh/Day

PV Array Characteristics
PV module Si-poly Model JKMS330PP-72V Maxim
Original PVsyst database Manufacturer Jinkosolar
Maxim integrated optimizers Model MAX20800A Unit Nom. Power 3 x 128 W
Number of PV modules In series 8 modules In parallel 2 strings
Total number of PV modules Nb. modules 16 Unit Nom. Power 330 Wp
Array global power Nominal (STC) 5.28 kWp At operating cond. 4805 Wp (50°C)
Array operating characteristics (50°C) U mpp 268 V I mpp 18 A
Total area Module area 31.0 m² Cell area 28.0 m²

PVsyst TRIAL
Inverter
Original PVsyst database
Characteristics
Inverter pack
Model
Manufacturer
Operating Voltage
Nb. of inverters
Sunny Boy 6000TL-US-22 -208V
SMA
210-480 V
1 units
Unit Nom. Power
Total Power
Pnom ratio
5.20 kWac
5.2 kWac
1.02
Battery Model AcmeG 12V 200
Manufacturer Narada
Battery Pack Characteristics Nb. of units 4 in series x 4 in parallel
Voltage 48 V Nominal Capacity 800 Ah (C10)
Discharging min. SOC 20.0 % Stored energy 31.7 kWh
Temperature Given monthly values
Battery input charger Model Generic

PVsyst TRIAL
Max. charging power 7.0 kWdc Max./ Euro efficiency 97.0/95.0 %
Battery to Grid inverter Model Generic
Max. discharging power 6.2 kWac Max./ Euro efficiency 97.0/95.0 %

PV Array loss factors

Thermal Loss factor Uc (const) 20.0 W/m²K Uv (wind) 0.0 W/m²K / m/s
Wiring Ohmic Loss Global array res. 250 mOhm Loss Fraction 1.5 % at STC

PVsyst Evaluation mode

 PVSYST V6.86 20/02/20 Page 2/10

Grid-Connected System: Simulation parameters

Module Quality Loss Loss Fraction -0.8 %
Module Mismatch Losses Loss Fraction 0.0 % at MPP
Incidence effect, ASHRAE parametrization IAM = 1 - bo (1/cos i - 1) bo Param. 0.05

PVsyst TRIAL

PVsyst TRIAL

PVsyst TRIAL

PVsyst TRIAL
PVsyst Evaluation mode
 PVSYST V6.86 20/02/20 Page 3/10

Grid-Connected System: Detailed User's needs

Project : final solar design 4/2/2020
Simulation variant : solar design 4/2/2020
Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 26° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model JKMS330PP-72V Maxim Pnom 330 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 16 Pnom total 5.28 kWp
Inverter Model Sunny Boy 6000TL-US-22 -208V 5.20 kW ac

PVsyst TRIAL
User's needs Daily household consumers Constant over the year Global 7807 kWh/year

Daily household consumers, Constant over the year, average = 21.4 kWh/day

Annual values

Use 5 days a week Number Power Use Energy

Lights 6 40 W/lamp 5 h/day 1200 Wh/day
PC 2 250 W/app 3 h/day 1500 Wh/day
Fan 4 75 W/app 6 h/day 1800 Wh/day
Projector 1 2 Wh/day 67 Wh/day
Multimedia 1 2 Wh/day 100 Wh/day
others 1 100 W tot 1 h/day 100 Wh/day

PVsyst TRIAL
Air conditioning
Stand-by consumers
Total daily energy

7000
2 2500 W tot

Hourly profile
5 h/day
24 h/day
25000
144
29911
Wh/day
Wh/day
Wh/day
[%]

6000
enegy

5000
4000
daily

3000
of

2000
Fraction

1000
0
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24

PVsyst TRIAL

PVsyst TRIAL
PVsyst Evaluation mode
 PVSYST V6.86 20/02/20 Page 4/10

Grid-Connected System: Main results

Project : final solar design 4/2/2020
Simulation variant : solar design 4/2/2020
Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 26° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model JKMS330PP-72V Maxim Pnom 330 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 16 Pnom total 5.28 kWp
Inverter Model Sunny Boy 6000TL-US-22 -208V 5.20 kW ac

PVsyst TRIAL
User's needs Daily household consumers Constant over the year Global 7807 kWh/year

Main simulation results

System Production Produced Energy 8.73 MWh/year Specific prod. 1653 kWh/kWp/year
Performance Ratio PR 67.41 % Solar Fraction SF 85.84 %
Battery ageing (State of Wear) Cycles SOW 91.7% Static SOW 91.7%
Battery lifetime 12.0 years
Investment Global incl. taxes 655000.00 Rup Specific 124 Rup/Wp
Yearly cost Annuities (Loan 0.00%, 20 years) 0.00 Rup/yr Running Costs 15000.00 Rup/yr
Energy cost 7.13 Rup/kWh Payback period undefined

Normalized productions (per installed kWp): Nominal power 5.28 kWp Performance Ratio PR

7 1.0

PVsyst TRIAL
Lc : Collection Loss (PV-array losses) 0.76 kWh/kWp/day PR : Performance Ratio (Yf / Yr) : 0.674
0.9
Ls : System Loss (inverter, ...) 1.02 kWh/kWp/day
6
Yf : Produced useful energy (inverter output) 3.68 kWh/kWp/day
0.8
[kWh/kWp/day]

5 0.7
Performance Ratio PR

0.6
4
Energy

0.5

3
0.4
Normalized

2 0.3

0.2
1
0.1

0 0.0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

PVsyst TRIAL GlobHor DiffHor

kWh/m² kWh/m²
T_Amb
°C
solar design 4/2/2020
Balances and main results

GlobInc
kWh/m²
GlobEff
kWh/m²
EArray
MWh
E_User
MWh
E_Solar
MWh
E_Grid
MWh
EFrGrid
MWh
January 126.4 42.2 19.52 171.0 167.0 0.799 0.688 0.624 0.033 0.064
February 126.1 57.8 22.31 152.3 148.4 0.704 0.598 0.543 0.015 0.055
March 164.2 80.0 26.41 181.0 176.0 0.820 0.658 0.590 0.041 0.068
April 183.3 85.4 28.97 185.2 180.0 0.826 0.628 0.592 0.065 0.036
May 191.8 94.1 30.82 177.6 171.8 0.793 0.688 0.600 0.043 0.088
June 181.1 100.5 31.09 164.3 158.8 0.739 0.628 0.521 0.025 0.107
July 147.9 98.3 30.31 136.1 131.4 0.620 0.658 0.465 0.019 0.194
August 147.6 96.1 29.10 143.1 138.5 0.652 0.688 0.489 0.011 0.198
September 168.3 79.8 28.92 178.8 173.9 0.805 0.598 0.553 0.045 0.046

PVsyst TRIAL
October 159.7 62.9 29.06 190.0 185.3 0.846 0.688 0.649 0.054 0.039
November 124.4 48.5 24.85 162.4 158.4 0.741 0.658 0.551 0.033 0.107
December 112.1 46.1 20.92 152.4 148.6 0.713 0.628 0.525 0.012 0.103
Year 1832.9 891.9 26.88 1994.2 1938.2 9.059 7.807 6.701 0.397 1.106

Legends: GlobHor Horizontal global irradiation GlobEff Effective Global, corr. for IAM and shadings
DiffHor Horizontal diffuse irradiation EArray Effective energy at the output of the array
T_Amb T amb. E_User Energy supplied to the user
GlobInc Global incident in coll. plane E_Solar Energy from the sun
E_Grid Energy injected into grid
EFrGrid Energy from the grid

PVsyst Evaluation mode

 PVSYST V6.86 20/02/20 Page 5/10

Grid-Connected System: Special graphs

Project : final solar design 4/2/2020
Simulation variant : solar design 4/2/2020
Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 26° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model JKMS330PP-72V Maxim Pnom 330 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 16 Pnom total 5.28 kWp
Inverter Model Sunny Boy 6000TL-US-22 -208V 5.20 kW ac

PVsyst TRIAL
User's needs Daily household consumers Constant over the year Global 7807 kWh/year

Daily Input/Output diagram

35
Values from 01/01 to 31/12
30
[kWh/day]

25
Energy

20

PVsyst TRIAL
Solar

15
Available

10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Global incident in coll. plane [kWh/m².day]

System Output Power Distribution

PVsyst TRIAL 600

500
Values from 01/01 to 31/12
Available Solar Energy [kWh / Bin]

400

300

PVsyst TRIAL
200

100

0
0 1 2 3 4
Available Solar Energy [kW]

PVsyst Evaluation mode

 PVSYST V6.86 20/02/20 Page 6/10

Grid-Connected System: Loss diagram

Project : final solar design 4/2/2020
Simulation variant : solar design 4/2/2020
Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 26° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model JKMS330PP-72V Maxim Pnom 330 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 16 Pnom total 5.28 kWp
Inverter Model Sunny Boy 6000TL-US-22 -208V 5.20 kW ac

PVsyst TRIAL
User's needs Daily household consumers Constant over the year Global 7807 kWh/year

Loss diagram over the whole year

1833 kWh/m² Horizontal global irradiation

+8.8% Global incident in coll. plane

-2.81% IAM factor on global

1938 kWh/m² * 31 m² coll. Effective irradiation on collectors

efficiency at STC = 17.20% PV conversion

PVsyst TRIAL
10.35 MWh Array nominal energy (at STC effic.)
-0.26% PV loss due to irradiance level

-11.88% PV loss due to temperature

0.00% Optimizer efficiency loss

Maxim: effic. included in the STC of the module
+0.75% Module quality loss

0.00% Module array mismatch loss

-1.17% Ohmic wiring loss
9.06 MWh Array virtual energy at MPP

-3.63% Inverter Loss during operation (efficiency)

0.00% Inverter Loss over nominal inv. power
0.00% Inverter Loss due to max. input current

PVsyst TRIAL Stored

8.73 MWh

Direct use
0.00%
-0.03%
0.00%

-2.80%
Inverter Loss over nominal inv. voltage
Inverter Loss due to power threshold
Inverter Loss due to voltage threshold
Available Energy at Inverter Output

Battery IN, charger loss

Battery Storage
48.0% 52.0%
grid -11.89% Battery global loss
consumption (25.57% of the battery contribution)
5.3%
of time
-5.04% Battery OUT, inverter loss

1.11 MWh 6.70 MWh 0.40 MWh Dispatch: user and grid reinjection

PVsyst TRIAL
to user
from grid
to user
from solar
to grid

PVsyst Evaluation mode

 PVSYST V6.86 20/02/20 Page 7/10

Grid-Connected System: Economic evaluation

Project : final solar design 4/2/2020
Simulation variant : solar design 4/2/2020
Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 26° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model JKMS330PP-72V Maxim Pnom 330 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 16 Pnom total 5.28 kWp
Inverter Model Sunny Boy 6000TL-US-22 -208V 5.20 kW ac

PVsyst TRIAL
User's needs Daily household consumers Constant over the year Global 7807 kWh/year

Investment
Direct costs
Supports for modules 33 units 16'000.00 Rup / unit 528'000.00 Rup
Batteries 3 units 34'000.00 Rup / unit 102'000.00 Rup
Loan bank charges 25'000.00 Rup
Net investment (CAPEX) 655'000.00 Rup

Operating costs
Land rent 15'000.00 Rup / year
Total (OPEX) 15'000.00 Rup / year
Operating costs (OPEX) incl. Inflation (2.00%) 17'880.42 Rup / year

PVsyst TRIAL
System summary
Net investment
Own funds
Loan
Total yearly cost (inc. inflation 2.00 % / year)
655'000.00 Rup
655'000.00 Rup
0.00 Rup
17'880.42 Rup / year
Unused energy 6701 MWh / year
Energy sold to the grid 397 MWh / year
Cost of produced energy 7.133 Rup / kWh
(sum of costs over lifetime / total production over lifetime)

PVsyst TRIAL

PVsyst TRIAL
PVsyst Evaluation mode
 PVSYST V6.86 20/02/20 Page 8/10

Grid-Connected System: Long Term Financial Balance

Project : final solar design 4/2/2020
Simulation variant : solar design 4/2/2020
Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 26° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model JKMS330PP-72V Maxim Pnom 330 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 16 Pnom total 5.28 kWp
Inverter Model Sunny Boy 6000TL-US-22 -208V 5.20 kW ac

PVsyst TRIAL
User's needs Daily household consumers Constant over the year Global 7807 kWh/year

Electricity sale
Feed-in tariff 8.00 Rup/kWh
Duration of tariff warranty 20 years
Annual connection tax 0.00 Rup
Annual tariff variation 0.0 % / year
Feed-in tariff variation after warranty -50.00 %
Self-consumption
Consumption tariff 5.00 Rup/kWh

Return on investment

PVsyst TRIAL
Project lifetime 20 years
Payback period undefined (the investment is not profitable)
Net profit at end of lifetime -285'863.93 Rup
Return on investment (ROI) -43.6 %

Yearly net profit (Rup) Cumulative cashflow (Rup)

25000 0

-100000
20000

-200000

15000
-300000

PVsyst TRIAL
10000

5000

0
-400000

-500000

-600000

-700000
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045

PVsyst TRIAL
PVsyst Evaluation mode
 PVSYST V6.86 20/02/20 Page 9/10

Grid-Connected System: Long Term Financial Balance

Project : final solar design 4/2/2020
Simulation variant : solar design 4/2/2020
Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 26° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model JKMS330PP-72V Maxim Pnom 330 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 16 Pnom total 5.28 kWp
Inverter Model Sunny Boy 6000TL-US-22 -208V 5.20 kW ac

PVsyst TRIAL
User's needs Daily household consumers Constant over the year Global 7807 kWh/year

Detailed economic results (Rup)

Year Sold Run. Deprec. Taxable Tax After-tax Self-cons. Cumul. %

energy costs allow. income 0.00% profit saving profit amorti.

2021 3'175 15'000 32'750 0 0 -11'825 33'505 21'680 3.3%
2022 3'175 15'300 32'750 0 0 -12'125 33'505 43'060 6.6%
2023 3'175 15'606 32'750 0 0 -12'431 33'505 64'133 9.8%
2024 3'175 15'918 32'750 0 0 -12'743 33'505 84'895 13.0%
2025 3'175 16'236 32'750 0 0 -13'062 33'505 105'339 16.1%
2026 3'175 16'561 32'750 0 0 -13'386 33'505 125'457 19.2%
2027 3'175 16'892 32'750 0 0 -13'718 33'505 145'245 22.2%

PVsyst TRIAL
2028 3'175 17'230 32'750 0 0 -14'056 33'505 164'694 25.1%
2029 3'175 17'575 32'750 0 0 -14'400 33'505 183'799 28.1%
2030 3'175 17'926 32'750 0 0 -14'752 33'505 202'552 30.9%
2031 3'175 18'285 32'750 0 0 -15'110 33'505 220'947 33.7%
2032 3'175 18'651 32'750 0 0 -15'476 33'505 238'977 36.5%
2033 3'175 19'024 32'750 0 0 -15'849 33'505 256'633 39.2%
2034 3'175 19'404 32'750 0 0 -16'229 33'505 273'909 41.8%
2035 3'175 19'792 32'750 0 0 -16'617 33'505 290'796 44.4%
2036 3'175 20'188 32'750 0 0 -17'013 33'505 307'288 46.9%
2037 3'175 20'592 32'750 0 0 -17'417 33'505 323'376 49.4%
2038 3'175 21'004 32'750 0 0 -17'829 33'505 339'052 51.8%
2039 3'175 21'424 32'750 0 0 -18'249 33'505 354'308 54.1%
2040 3'175 21'852 32'750 0 0 -18'677 33'505 369'136 56.4%

PVsyst TRIAL
Total 63'495 364'461 655'000 0 0 -300'966 670'102 369'136 56.4%

PVsyst TRIAL
PVsyst Evaluation mode
 PVSYST V6.86 20/02/20 Page 10/10

Grid-Connected System: CO2 Balance

Project : final solar design 4/2/2020
Simulation variant : solar design 4/2/2020
Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 26° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model JKMS330PP-72V Maxim Pnom 330 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 16 Pnom total 5.28 kWp
Inverter Model Sunny Boy 6000TL-US-22 -208V 5.20 kW ac

PVsyst TRIAL
User's needs Daily household consumers Constant over the year Global 7807 kWh/year

Produced Emissions Total: 15.67 tCO2

Source: Detailed calculation from table below
Replaced Emissions Total: 116.5 tCO2
System production: 8727.96 kWh/yr Lifetime: 30 years
Annual Degradation: 1.0 %
Grid Lifecycle Emissions: 445 gCO2/kWh
Source: IEA List Country: Pakistan
CO2 Emission Balance Total: 85.4 tCO2

System Lifecycle Emissions Details:

PVsyst TRIAL Item

LCE
Quantity
Subtotal [kgCO2]
Modules
1349 kgCO2/kWp
10.9 kWp
14695

Saved CO2 Emission vs. Time

100
Supports
2.97 kgCO2/kg
330 kg
979

80
[tCO2]

60

40
Balance

20

PVsyst TRIAL
-20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Year

PVsyst TRIAL
PVsyst Evaluation mode