DESIGN OF TRUSS

I. Summaryof Tried Materials for each Beam

Required Allowable/ Capacity Force Remarks

Part Trial Member/Size
MPa MPa kN  
Top Chord            
             
2013 (member AI)            
    W12x106 129.366 137.656 2604.001 Safe
  1 W12x120 114.34 137.79 2604.001 Safe
  2 W12x96 143.128 137.521 2604.001 Not Safe
             
2014 (member IJ)            
    W12x87 84.22 87.6278 1390.985 Safe
Oversize
  1 W12x106 66.1036 88.8172 1390.985 d
Oversize
  2 W12x120 61.0774 89.4008 1390.985 d
Oversize
  3 W12x96 76.455 88.2263 1390.985 d
  4 W12x72 102.182 186.7159 1390.985 Not Safe
             
2015 (member JK)            
    W12x305 108.99 115.553 6300.327 Safe
  1 W12x120 276.644 110.067 6300.327 Not Safe
  2 W12x190 175.009 112.483 6300.327 Not Safe
  3 W12x230 144.247 113.611 6300.327 Not Safe
  4 W12x252 131.789 114.157 6300.327 Not Safe
Oversize
  5 W12x336 98.8414 116.383 6300.327 d
  6 W12x279 119.237 114.865 6300.327 Not Safe
             
2016 (member KL)            
    W12x305 107.673 115.553 6224.162 Safe
  1 W12x120 273.299 110.067 6224.162 Not Safe
  2 W12x190 172.894 112.483 6224.162 Not Safe
  3 W12x230 142.503 113.611 6224.162 Not Safe
  4 W12x252 130.195 114.157 6224.162 Not Safe
Oversize
  5 W12x336 97.6465 116.383 6224.162 d
  6 W12x279 117.796 114.865 6224.162 Not Safe
             
2017 (member LM)            
     W12x190 76.8104 112.483 2765.17 Safe
  1 W12x120 121.417 110.067 2765.17 Not Safe
Oversize
  2 W12x230 63.309 113.611 2765.17 d
Oversize
  3 W12x252 57.8411 114.157 2765.17 d
             
2018 (member NH)            
    W12x190 77.0597 112.483 2765.17 Safe
  1 W12x120 121.811 110.067 2765.17 Not Safe
Oversize
  2 W12x230 63.5145 113.611 2765.17 d
Oversize
  3 W12x252 58.0288 114.157 2765.17 d
             
2019 (member MN)            
    W12x120 83.7878 81.5251 1908.195 Safe
  1 W12x106 94.7983 80.8968 1908.195 Not Safe
             
Other Members            
               
2001 (member BI)            
    W12x40 87.9694 121.957 669.701 Safe
Oversize
  1 W12x120 29.4062 137.79 669.701 d
Oversize
  2 W12x53 66.5409 131.806 669.701 d
  3 W12x30 118.093 108.104 669.701 Not Safe
             
2027 (member IC)            
    W12x53 82.1034 94.6335 826.329 Safe
  1 W12x40 108.543 70.5699 826.329 Not Safe
Oversize
  2 W12x30 12.4441 44.75 826.329 d
Oversize
  3 W12x72 60.702 110.027 826.329 d
             
2002 (member JC)            
    W12x53 52.8917 92.1589 532.328 Safe
  1 W12x40 69.7246 67.549 532.328 Not Safe
Oversize
  2 W12x120 23.3742 110.067 532.328 d
  3 W12x30 93.8692 41.7027 532.328 Not Safe
             
2028 (member JD)            
    W12x190 83.2191 85.147 2995.881 Safe
  1 W12x120 131.547 81.5251 2995.881 Not Safe
Oversize
  2 W12x230 68.5912 86.8656 2995.881 d
             
2003 (member KD)            
    W12x40 53.9199 67.549 410.486 Safe
Oversize
  1 W12x53 40.7855 92.1589 410.486 d
Oversize
  2 W12x120 18.0242 110.067 410.486 d
  3 W12x30 72.3839 41.7027 410.486 Not Safe
             
2029 (member DL)            
     W12x190 79.2498 85.147 2862.987 Safe
  1 W12x120 125.712 81.5251 2862.987 Not Safe
Oversize
  2 W12x230 65.5486 86.8656 2862.987 d
             
2004 (member LE)            
    W12x53 62.2113 92.1589 626.125 Safe
  1 W12x40 82.2454 67.549 626.125 Not Safe
Oversize
  2 W12x120 27.4928 110.067 626.125 d
  3 W12x30 110.409 41.7027 626.125 Not Safe
             
2030 (member LF)          
    W12x152 80.5911 83.3675 2324.138 Safe
Oversize
  1 W12x190 64.5595 85.147 2324.138 d
  2 W12x120 102.052 81.5251 2324.138 Not Safe
Oversize
  3 W12x230 53.2115 86.8656 2324.138 d
             
2005 (member MF)            
    W12x26 9.7766 41.0047 48.252 Safe
  1 W12x14 17.9785 0.8399 48.252 Not Safe
  2 W12x22 11.5418 2.4854 48.252 Not Safe
  3 W12x30 8.5086 41.7027 48.252 Safe
             
2031 (member NF)          
    W12x152 72.4297 83.3675 2088.774 Safe
Oversize
  1 W12x190 58.0216 85.147 2088.774 d
  2 W12x120 91.7169 81.5251 2088.774 Not Safe
             
2006 (member NG)            
    W12x40 67.0484 67.549 510.432 Safe
Oversize
  1 W12x53 50.7161 92.1589 510.432 d
Oversize
  2 W12x120 22.4122 110.067 510.432 d
  3 W12x30 90.0081 41.7027 510.432 Not Safe
 Allowable/
Member/Siz Required Capacity Force
Part Trial Remarks
e
MPa MPa kN
               
2037            
    W12x120 15.5035 29.1197 353.079 Safe
  1 W12x190 9.8078 31.3953 353.079 Oversized
  2 w12x136 13.7161 30.8184 353.079 Oversized
             
2038            
    W12x14 6.052 11.0716 46.073 Safe
  1 W12x120 2.023 29.1197 46.073 Oversized
  2 W12x26 9.3351 6.7772 46.073 Oversized
             
2039   W12x53 14.2778 18.281 143.699 Safe
  1 W12x26 29.1155 6.7772 143.699 Not Safe
  2 W12x40 18.8758 11.0716 143.699 Not Safe
             
2040            
    W12x40 7.0936 11.0716 54.003 Safe
  1 W12x120 2.3712 29.1197 54.003 Oversized
  2 W12x26 10.9418 6.7772 54.003 Not Safe
  3 W12x30 9.5277 6.8673 54.003 Not Safe
             
2041            
    W12x40 7.9254 11.0716 60.335 Safe
  1 W12x26 12.2248 6.7772 60.335 Not Safe
  2 W12x30 10.6392 6.8673 60.335 Not Safe

Part Trial Member/Size Allowable/ Capacity Force Remarks

 kN kN
Lateral Bracing          
           
2042          
    C3x4.1 116.16 77.592 Safe
    C4x5 152.64 77.592 Safe
    C3x5 141.12 77.592 Safe
           
2043          
    C3x6 168.96 161.978 Safe
    C3x4.1 116.16 161.978 Safe
    C3x5 141.12 161.978 Safe
           
2044          
    C4x5 152.64 92.077 Safe
    C3x4.1 116.16 92.077 Safe
    C3x5 141.12 92.077 Safe
           
2945          
    C4x5 152.64 32.792 Safe
    C3x4.1 116.16 32.792 Safe
    C3x5 141.12 32.792 Safe
 II. DESIGN CHECKING

Table : For the Truss

Designation Theoretical Area Depth Flange Web Axis X-X Axis Y-Y
Mass (in2) (in) Thickness 4
Width Thickness I (in ) S r (in) I S r (in)
(lb/ft) (in)
(in) (in) (in3) (in4) (in3)
W12×305 305 89.6 16.32 13.23 2.705 1.625 3550 435 6.29 1050 159 3.42
5

Using Maximum Axial Force: 6300.327 kN

A. Web-Thickness Ratio:
bf E
≤0.56 √
2t f √ Fy
b f =13.325∈≈ 336.169 mm
t f =2.705∈≈ 68.707 mm

336.169 mm 200 GPa

≤ 0.56 √
2(68.707 mm) √ 248 MPa

= 2.4464 < 15.9029

⸫ Non-slender

B. Depth Web-Thickness Ratio:

d E
≤ 1.49 √
tw √ Fy
d=414.528 mm
t w =41.275mm
414.528 mm 200 GPa
≤ 1.49 √
41.275 mm √ 248 MPa

= 10.0431 < 42.3132

⸫ Non-slender

C. Nominal Compressive Strength

r y =86.868 mm
KL 1(6000 mm)
= =69.0703
r 86.868 mm
 E 200GPa
4.71
√ Fy
=4.71
√
248 MPa
=133.755

Fy
KL E
r
<4.71
Fy √
; Use F cr =(0.658 F )F y e

π2 E
F e=
KL 2
( )
r

π 2 (200 GPa)
F e=
1(6000mm) 2
( )
86.868 mm

F e =413.759 MPa

Fy
Fe
F cr =(0.658 ) F y
248 MPa
F cr =( 0.658 387.57 MPa ) 248 MPa
F cr =192.974 MPa

Pn=F cr A g

Allowable strength design

F cr 192.974 MPa
= =115.553 MPa
Ωc 1.67

Checking:

For member:

F 6300.27 kN
= =108.989 M Pa
A 57806.336 mm 2

108.989 MPa>115.553 M Pa

Therefore, W12×305 is Acceptable!

Design for Lateral Bracing

Design for Bracing

Table : Properties of Steel

Table : For the Lateral Bracing

Theoretical Flange Web Axis X-X Axis Y-Y

Area Dept
Designation Mass Width Thickness Thickness S I S
(in2) h (in) I (in4) r (in) r (in)
(lb/ft) (in) (in) (in) (in3) (in4) (in3)
0.31 0.28
C4x5
5 1.59 4.00 1.584 0.296 0.184 3.85 1.93 1.56 9 3 0.449

Use A-36 steel

Fy = 248 MPa

E = 200GPa

Tensile Stress:
F t=¿ 0.6 F y

F t=0.6 (248 MPa)

F t=148.8 MPa

Required Area:

Maximum Force at the Bracing

Required Area=
Ft

Maximum Force at the Bracing: 92.077 kN (See Summary)

92.077 kN
Required Area=
148.8 MPa

Required Area=0.00 07 m 2

Area of the Angle Section:

0.00589 m 2

0.0 007< 0.00103

⸫ OKAY!

Allowable Tensile Force:

f t=F t A
f t=(148.8 MPa)(0.00 07 m 2)
f t=152.64 kN

152.64 kN >92.077 kN

⸫ SAFE!

III. SUMMARY

 Use W12x305

 Use 12x120

 Use 12x190

 Use C3x6