Experiment no.

7.1 Objective:

Figure: 7.1

Procedure:

7.2 Discrtization:

Truss is Classified into Nine five elements as shown in Figure: 7.2

Figure: 6.2
Working in ANSYS Mechanical APDL.

7.3 Preferences:
In this step Analysis Type was selected.
>ANSY Main Menu- Preferences-STRUCTURAL- h Method-OK

Figure: 6.2

7.4 Pre-Processors:

1. Define Element Type:

In this step type of element was selected.
>Element type-Add/Edit/Delete-Add-link,3D Finite stn 180-Ok-Close.

Figure: 7.3
2. Define Element Real Constants:

Truss have five links Nine elements having same area is taken. Real constants-
Add/Edit/Delete-Add-OK-Real constants Set No-1- Cross-sectional AREA1-Enter
value of Cross-sectional Area of element 1-OK

Define the area of each element

Cross-sectional areas are to be put in respective Real Constants.
Real Constant Set No. 1 , Cross Sectional Area = 1.56 in2

Figure: 6.4

3. Material Properties:

In this step we have defined the material properties i:e Poisons’ Ratio, Modulus of
Elasticity .
>Material Properties- material models- Structural- Linear- Elastic- Isotropic-EX-
29e6-PRXY-0.3-OK-Close

Figure: 6.5
4. Defining Nodes:

Nodes are defined in this step. As we have 5 nodes so we have to enter the values of
nodes one by one.
Node number 1 , Location in active CS X, Y ,Z= 0 , 0 , 0
Node number 2 , Location in active CS X, Y ,Z= 48, 0 , 0
Node number 3, Location in active CS X, Y ,Z= 0 , 0 , -24
Node number 4, Location in active CS X, Y ,Z= 0 , 0 , 24
Node number 5, Location in active CS X, Y ,Z= 0 ,48 ,0

Figure: 6.6
5. Defining Elements:
Location of Elements is defined in this step. I:e Element 1, Section1 and Material 1 is
located between 1 and 3.

> Modeling-Create- Elements-Element Attributes-Element 1,Section1, Material 1

OK.(Same procedure was repeated for each element.)

Figure: 6.7

6. Re-sizing elements:
Thickness of the elements is increased in this step.
>Plotcrtls-style-size and shape- Display of elements shapes based on real constant
values- On-Ok-

Figure: 6.8
7. Defining Boundary Conditions:
In this Step we define the applied loads.
>Loads-Define Loads- Apply-Structural- Displacement-On Nodes-Pick node 3-Ok
Dofs To be constrained-UX UY UZ- OK. Similar step was repeated for node 4 and 5.

8. Defining Loads: Figure: 6.9

Load is applied on Node 1 and 2 in y (-250) and z(-150) direction.

>Loads-Define Loads- Apply-Structural-Force/Moment- On Nodes-Pick Node–
Apply-Direction of Force/ Moment – FY Value-250(-ve value)-OK (Repeat the
same process for rest of the loads)

Figure: 6.10
5.5 Solution:
9. Displaying of Solution:
In this step Solution of the Problem is Displayed.
> Solution-Solve-Current-Current LS-OK (Solution done is displayed)- Close

Figure: 6.11
5.6 Post- Processors:
10. Plotting Results:
Deformations are plotted in this step.
>Plot Results-Nodal Solution-DOF Solution-x component of Displacement-ok

Figure: 6.12
11. Listing Deformations on Nodes:
Deformation on each node in displayed in this step.
List Results-Nodal Solution-DOF Solution - Displacement vector sum- OK
(Displacement is displayed with Node Number)

Figure: 6.13

12.Listing Reactions at Boundaries:

Reaction Solution at nodes are displayed in this step.
List Results-Reaction Solution- all items-OK

Figure: 6.14
13.Nodal Displacement Plotting:
Nodal displacements are plotted in this step.
>Plot Results-Contour Plot- Nodal Solution- DOF Solution- Displacement vector
Sum- Ok

Figure: 6.15

14.Defining Additional Element Table Items:

>Element Tables- Define Table- Add – user table for item “Axstress” – B sequence
number – LS-LS1 – OK- Close

Figure: 6.16
15.Listing Element Table:
Element Table is listed in this step.
>Element Table- List Element Table- Select “Axstress” – OK ( Axial stress values of
each element is diaplayed)

Figure: 6.15

16.Plotting Element Table:

In this step Element table was plotted

Figure: 6.16
17. Animation:
In this step animation of the component is done.
>Animation: PlotCrtls- Animate- Deformed Shape- def+Undeformed Ok.

Figure: 6.17

Results:
Joint deformation

Node Deformation (in) Deformation

Number vector sum (in)
ux uy uz
1 0 0 0 0
2 -0.6629*10-3 -0.3126*10-2 -0.1088*10-3 0.3197*10-2
3 0 0.1088*10-3 -0.2177*10-2 -0.2434*10-3
4 0 0 0 0

Table 6.1

Axial stress in members

 Element Axial stress
Number (lb/in2)
1 -71.669
2 32.051
3 0
4 -71.669
5 181.33
6 0
Table 6.2

Support reactions

Node Number Reactions (lb)

Fx Fy Fz
1 100 0 0
2 0 0 0
3 100 0 0
4 -200 200 0
Table 6.3

5.7 Comments:
 Red area in Fig: 6.16 are representing high deformations.
 Trusses are importance structural member in buildings and bridges.
Therefore we can determine deformations, forces and reactions of each node.
So, that we can modify or manipulate the design according to our
requirement.