Automobile

Mechanic
NVQ Level IV

Theory

M - 04
 fudÍhq,h - M-4 / fmg%,a bkaOk moaO;sh Petrol Fuel System

bkaOk (Fuel) hkq yhsv%cka (H) yd ldnka (C) hk uQ,\jH foflys ixfhda.hls oykfhaÜ fuu \jH jd;f-
ha we;s Tlaiscka (O2) iu. tl;=³ tys we;s ridhksl Yla;sh ;dm Yla;sh njg;a bkamiq hdka;s%l Yla;sh
njg;a mµjÀ:kh lr±ka tkaŠfuys n,h ksmof¿
P fÒ i|yd fudagÀ r:fha bkaOk gexlsh ;=, we;s bkaOk tkaŠu olajd f.kf.dia th ls%hd lrk tla tla

e ;;ajhka j,g wjYH mµ¢ is,skavr ;=,g iemhsh hq;=h

fuysÜ Nd§;d jk bkaOk jÀ.h wkqj m%Odk f,i bkaOk moaO;s folla Nd§;d f¿
t fmg%,a bkaOk moaO;sh Petrol Fuel System
r Ái,a bkaOk moaO;sh Diesel Fuel System

o fmg%,a bkaOk moaO;sh Petrol Fuel System

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y fmg%,a yd jd;h tkaŠug iemhSfÒÜ tajd tkaŠu fj; f.k hdug;a §§O wkq md;hkag wkqj jd;h
iu. ±Y%lr tkaŠug ,ndÜug;a fuu moaO;sh fhdod .kS
s fmg%,a bkaOk moaO;s l%u follg ksÀudKh flfÀ

t ld©hqfÀgÀ l%uh Carbureto Type

e bf,lafg%dksla bkaOk §šÒ l%uh Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) Type

m ld©hqfÀgr l%uh merƒ fudagÀ r: j,o bkaOk §šÒ l%uh k³k fudagÀ r: j,o Nd§;d f¿

ld©hqfÀgÀ l%uh Carburetor Type

fuu l%uh iys; bkaOk moaO;shg m%Odk jYfhka fldgia lSmhla wh;a f¿
fmg%,a bkaOk gexlsh Petrol Fuel Tank
fmg%,a iemhqÒ k, Petrol Fuel Lines
fmg%,a fmrykh Petrol Fuel Filter
fmg%,a fmdÒmh Petrol Pump
ld©hqfÀgrh Carburetor

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fmg%,a bkaOk gexlsh Petrol Fuel Tank

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fuh Yla;sula f,day ;yvqfjka idod we;=,; u, fkdnef|k f,i §fYaI wdf,amhla fhdod we;. we;eÒ
jdyk i|yd ma,diaÉla j,ska iEÎ gexlso fhdod .efka

fuh fndfyda§g r:fha miqmi yels;rÒ fmd,jg wdikakj i§lr we; .tu.ska r:h md,kh lsŸu F
myiq f¿ gexlsfha we;s bkaOk le,;Su wju lsŸu i|yd th f,day ;yvq u.ska ;=“r j,g fnod we;
u
fuhg bkaOk msr³fÒ k,h;a fmg%,a bj;g .ekSfÒ k,h;a jeÍ bkaOk wdmiq he³ fÒ k,h;a we;eÒ
§g fmg%,a jdIam bj;a lsŸfÒ k,h;a i§f¿ fuys fmg%,a bj;g .ekSfÒ k,h gexlsh m;=,g uola e
by,ska msysghs thg wm\jH we;=ó³u je,lSug tfia fhdod we; we;eÒ §g tu k,hg l=vd fmrykh-
la (Strainer) i§f¿ gexlshg fmg%,a msr³fÒÜ t;=, we;s jd;h msg³u i|yd gexlsfha isg msrjqÒ lg l
wi,g l=vd k,hla (Brether Hose) fhdod we; gexlsh m;=f,ys bkaOk bj;a lsŸu i|yd msgdr weKhla
(Drain Nut)fhdod we;

fuu bkaOk gexlsh f,day mÉ yd wdOdrl u.ska jdykhg i§f¿ gexlsfha mj;sk bkaOk uÙgu S
µhšreyg oek.ekSu i|yd oÀYlhla i§jk w;r th ls%hdlrjk fldgi gexlsh u; i§f¿
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fmg%,a iemhqÒ k,, Petrol Fuel Lines
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iemhqÒ k, i|yd f,day k, yd fmg%,a j,g t
Tfrd;a;= fok rnÀ k, fhdod .kS gexlsfha
isg tkaŠu olajd r:fha hg me;af;ka f,day
k, i§lr we;
e
tajd .,a wd¢h jeÜfuka wdrlaId ³ug k,jgd m
wdrlaIs; wdjrKhla fhdod we; fÒjd rnÀ
nqIa u.ska jdykhg i§f¿

fuu k, fmg%,a fmdÒmhg yd ld©hqfÀgrhg

iÒNkaO lsŸug rnÀ k, fhdod .kS

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 fmg%,a fmrykh Petrol Fuel Filter
ld©hqfÀgrhg imhk fmg%,a wm\jH j,ska f;dr §h
hq;=h ke;fyd;a tu wm \jH u.ska ld©hqfÀgrfha ishqÒ
k, wjysr §h yel tksid tu wm\jH bj;a lsŸug fmg%,a
P fmrykhla fhdod .kS

th gexlsh yd fmg%,a fmdÒmh w;r i§f¿ fuh §fYaI

e lvodis jÀ.hlska iEš fmrykhla iys;j §ks§o fmfkk
ma,diaÉla j,ska idod we;wjysr jQ §g wm \jH msg;g
t fmfkk w;r t§g fuh wó;ska fh¢h hq;=h

r fuh moaO;shg i§lsŸfÒÜ ksjer¢ ¢Ydjg i§l,hq;=h th

B;,hla u.ska fmrykfha n|u; i<l=Kq lr we; wfkla
¢Ydjg i§l,fyd;a wm\jH fmrykh we;=,; tl;=jqj;a
o tajd msg;g fkdfmfka

l fmg%,a fmdÒmh Petrol Pump

fudagÀ r:j, bkaOk gexlsh ld©hqfÀgrhg jvd my, uÙgul mj;sk ne§ka t;=, we;s fmg%,a
ld©hqfÀgrh fj; .uka lr³ug fmdÒmhla fhdod.; hq;=h fÒ i|yd fmdÒmjÀ. folla Nd§;fha

F mj;S

u hdka;s%l fmdaIK fmdÒmh

§š,s fmdaIK fmdÒmh
Mechanical Feed Pump
Electric Feed Pump

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t hdka;s%l fmdaIK fmdÒmh Mechanical Feed Pump
e fuu fmdÒmh tkaŠfuys le± okafé msysÉ §flaka\slhla
u.ska ls%hd;aul f¿
m §flaka\slh lrlefjk §g fmdÒm ,Sjrh ls%hd;aul
³ wešÒ okav my,g w¢hs t§g m%dòrh my, ths tysÜ
m%dòrhg by,ska we;s l=“rh ;=,g we;=ó³fÒ jE,ajh
yryd fmg%,a w;=ó f¿

le± okav lrlefjk §g fmdÒm ,Sjrh ksoyia f¿ t§g

m%dòrhg my,ska we;s škak u.ska th by,g ;,aó lr yµhs

t§g l=“rh ;=, mSvkh jeͳ msglsŸfÒ jE,ajh yryd

fmg%,a ld©hqfÀgrh fj; .uka lrhs

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fmdÒmh iajhxls%hj k;r³u

ld©hqfÀgrh ;=, wjYH mukg fmg%,a msreKq §g t;=,g ;j šrg;a fmg%,a we;=ó fkdf¿ t§g m%dòrhg
by, l=“rfha mSvkh jeÍf¿ tysÜ my, wd m%dòrh kej; by, fkdf.dia k;r f¿ m%dòrg hÉka we;s
škak yels,S mj;S kuq;a le±okav yd fmdÒm ,Sjrh ls%hd lrhs

ld©hqfÀgrh l=, fmg%,a uÙgu wvqjk §g m%dòrhg by, l=“rfha we;s fmg%,a thg we;=ó f¿ t§g
škak ¢.yeŸ m%dòrh by, hhs t§g wešÒ okav kej; fmdÒm ,Sjrh yd iÒNkaO ³ kej; fmg%,a
fmdÒm ³u wdrÒN f¿ fÒ wdldrhg wjYH §g mukla fmdÒmh ls%hd lsŸu ksid tys wdhq ld,h jeÍ f¿
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fuys wešÒ okav yd fmdÒm n| w;rg f;,a uq\djla fhdod we; tu.ska le± okav me;af;a isg m%dòrh e
foig f;,a we;=ó³u j,lS tfukau m%Dòrh isšre jqjfyd;a th yryd tkaŠu ;=,g fmg%,a we;=ó³uo
j,lS by; fodaI we;sjqj fyd;a f;,a fyda fmg%,a msg;g tau i|yd fmdÒm nf|ys isšrla ;nd we; t
uq,a ld,fha ksmojQ fuu fmg%,a fmdÒm wó;ajeÍhd lsŸug yels f,i ksmojk ,Ü tfy;a oekg ksmojk
fndfyda fmdÒm wó;ajeÍhd l, fkdyel r
fmg%,a fmdÒmhg µgka ,hska (Retarn Line) fhÜu o
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oekg N§;fha we;s fndfyda fmg%,a fmdÒm j, rEmfha mµ¢ fmdÒmfha isg kej; gexlshg fmg%,a .uka
lsŸug k,hla fhdod we; th l=vd isšrla iys;j ksmojd ;sfÕ
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fuh u.ska iq- fmg%,a m%udkhla wdmiq gexlshg hdu ksid fmdÒm l=“rfha mSvkh uo f¿,d jlska wvqf¿ s
tksid fmdÒmh wlS%hj ;efnk ld,h fmrg jvd wvqf¿ tu.ska fmdÒmh ;=, ref|k fmg%,a WKqiqÒ
³u j,lajhs t
ukao WKqiqÒ jqjfyd;a fmdÒm l=“rh ;=, fmg%,a mSvkh jeͳ ld©hqfÀgrfha l+re jE,ajh §jD;
lrf.k t;=,g fmg%,a we;=ó³fuka tys fmg%,a uÙgu fjkia§h yel e
;jo fmg%,a WKqiqÒ jQ §g tys wKq wE;aj msys“fuka tys wvx.=fmg%,a m%udKh wvqf¿ t§g ±Y%Kfha
fmg%,a wvq³ ±Y%K wkqmd;h o fjkia f¿ tu fodaIhka fuu Wml%uh u.ska j,lajhs
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 §š,s fmdaIK fmdÒmh Electric Petrol Feed Pump

fuu fmdÒmh jdykfha §š,s moaO;sh u.ska

ls%hd lrhs fuyso m%dòrhla yd jE,aj msysghs
m%dòrh fomig .ukalr³u i|yd §oHq;a
pqÒNl |¬rhla fhdod .kS
P fmdÒmh ;=, we;s iamÀYl ;=vq hq.,la ;=,sa
thg §š,sh iemfha ;=vq iÒNkaO jQ §g
e |¬rhg §š,sh ,eâu ksid hlv fldarh
pqÒNlhla njg m;ajs wešÒ okav pqÒNlh
t foig weoSu u.ska m%dòrh ls%hdlr fmdÒmhg
fmg%,a mqrjd .kS
r wešÒ okav ;j šrg;a my;g tafÒÜ th u.ska
iamÀYl ;=vq §ika¨ ³u ksid |¬rhg §š,sh
o iemhqu §ika¨ f¿ t§g pqÒNl;ajh ke;sj
hdfuka škak u.ska m%dòrh by,g ;,aó lr
l yµhs t§g mqrjd .;a fmg%,a msg;g fmdÒm
f¿
fuyso ld©hqfÀgrh ;=, fmg%,a msrekq miq
škak yl=ójd f.k m%dòrh miqmig ³ k;r
F f¿ t§g iamÀYl ;=vq §ika¨³ fmdÒmh
wlS%hj ;efÕ fuu fmdÒmo fndfyda§g

u wó;ajeÍhd l, fkdyels f,i ksmojkq ,nhs

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m tkaŠfuyss jdhq fYdaOlh yryd is,skavr ;=,g weÜ tk jd;hg wjYH fmg%,a m%udkh ±Y% lsŸu
ld©hqfÀgrfhka isšlrhs
fmg%,a - jdhq ±Y%Kh ieliSu

by; wdldrhg fmg%,a yd jd;h ±Y%Kh oe³fÒÜ tys we;s ldnka jd;fha we;s Tlaiscka iu. tl;= ³
ldnka vfhdlaihsé (CO2) jdhqj ksmojhs tfukau yhsv%cka Tlaiscka iu. tl;= ³ c,h (H2O) idohs
jd;fha we;s khsg%cka jdhqj m%;sls%hdjlska f;drj msgj hhs tu ls%hdj i¦lrKhlska my; oelaf¿

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by; wdldrhg iÒmQÀK oykhla we;s lsŸu i|yd fmg%,a fldgia 1 lg jd;h fldgia 14.7 la wjYH
f¿ fuh idudkaHfhka 14 # 1 f,i .kq ,efÕ fuu ±Y%Kfha fmg%,a m%udkh jeÍ Wjfyd;a th ire ±Y%Kh-
la (Rich Mixture) f,io fmg%,a m%udkh wvq Wjfyd;a th šÀj, ±Y%Khla (Week Mixture) f,io yškajhs

tkaŠfuys tla tla Odjk ;;aj hgf;a by; f,i fmg%,a jdhq ±Y%Kh fjkia lsŸug isšf¿ isis,aj we;s
tkaŠula mk.eka³u i|yd 7 # 1 muK wkqmd;hlao wls%h f¿. (Idlin Speed) wjia:df¿ 11 # 1 muKo
taldldŸ f¿.fhka hk§g 14 # 1 - 17 # 1 muKo laIƒl f¿. jeÍ lsŸulÜ 9 # 1 muKo wkqmd;hlskao
fmg%,a jdhq ±Y%Kh tkaŠug iemhsh hq;=f¿ P
fÒ wdldrhg fmg%,a yd jd;h §§O wkqmd;hkag wkqj ±Y%lr tkaŠug ,ndÜu i|yd ld©hqfÀgrh
fhdod .kS
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fmg%,a yd jd;h ±Y% lsŸfÒ Wml%u
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by;ska olajd we;s mµ¢ ;Ska; iafm%a lsŸug .kakd
iafm%a .ka tll fmdÒmh ls%hdlr³fÒÜ tys k,fhka
jd; oyrdjla msg;g .uka lrhs
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t§g tys ;Ska; nškg .s,ajd we;s k,fha fl,jr we;s l
jd;ho bj;a ³ t;=, µla;hla we;s f¿ t§g k,h
;=,ska ;Ska; by,g §;a jd;h iu. ±Y% ³ b¢µhg
§isfÀ

fuu uQ,oÀuhu fudagÀ r: ld©hqfÀgÀ j,o fmg%,a

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yd jd;h ±Y% lsŸug fhdod .kq ,nhs tysÜ tkaŠug
jd;h weo.kakd pQIK k,h ;=, µla;h we;slsŸu
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i|yd fjkapQµ (Ventury) isoaOdka;h fhdod.kS
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fjkapQµ isoaOdka;h Venturi Principle
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fjkapQµhla hkq jd;h .,dhk k,hl isyska l,
ia:dkhls

th yryd jd;h .,d hdfÒÜ k,h isyska l, fld-

gi ;=,Ü jd;h tlareiajk w;r tu ia:dkh miql,
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iekska jd;h laIƒlj uqodyefÀ
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t³g tu ia:dkfha¢ jd;fha m%f¿.h jeͳ ta wi,
jeÍ µla;hla we;s f¿ s
t§g my; nšfka we;s \jh k,h yryd jeÍšrla
by,g weo .kS
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ld©hqfÀgr j,o fÒ wdldrhg fjkapQµhla fhdod .efka tysÜ fuh l%u follg fhdod .kq ,nhs e
ksh; fjkapQµ ld©hqfÀgr Constant Venturi Carburetor fjkapQµfha m%udkh fkdfjkiaj
mj;S
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§p,H fjkapQµ ld©hqfÀgr Variable Venturi Carburetor fjkapQµfha m%udkh wjYH mµ¢
fjkia l, yel

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 ir, ld©hqfÀgrh

fuys is,skavrh ;=,g jd;h weo .kakd

pQIK k, yuqj u; fjkapQµ k,h msysgqjd
P we;

e fjkapQµfhys isyska fldgi ;=,g we;=,a lr

we;s k,fhys wfkla fl,jr fmg%,a iys;

t nšfkys .s,ajd we;

tu nškg fmg%,a fmdÒmh u.ska fmg%,a mqr-

r jk w;r t;=, we;s jd;h msg³ug isšrla
;nd we;
o msiagkh is,skavrh ;=, pQIK myfÀ my,
hk§g fjkapQµh yryd jd;h weo .ekSu
l ksid t;=, µla;hla yg.kS

t§g nšfkys we;s fmg%,a k,h yryd

fjkapQµh ;=,g weÜ §;a jd;h iu. ±Y% ³

F is,skavrh ;=,g msfÀ

u kuq;a fuys nšfkys fmg%,a uÙgu jeͳ W;=rd hd yel tfia jqjfyd;a jd;hg jeÍfhka fmg%,a ±Y% f¿
t§g ksh±; fmg%,a - jdhq wkqmd;h ;nd.; fkdyel
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l tfukau tkaŠug weo .kakd ±Y%K m%udkh md,kh lsŸug l%uhla ;s©h hq;=h ke;fyd;a tkaŠu Wmµu
f¿.hg m;af¿ tne§ka tu fodaI i|yd ms,shÒ fh¢h hq;=h

S by; fodaIhkag ms,shÒ f,i §§O fldgia yd moaO;s ld©hqfÀgrhg tla³ th ixlSÀK tallhla njg
y m;a³ we;

fmg%,a uÙgu yd ±Y%K m%udkh md,kh lsŸu

s
fuys bms,s l=“rhg fmg%,a msreKq miq tu k,h
t jeiSu i|yd jE,ajhla fhdod we; ;ajrl jE,ajh
(Throttle Valve) u.ska is,skavrhg weo.kakd ±Y%K
e m%udkh md,kh lr tkaŠka f¿.h md,kh lrhs

m tkaŠug fmg%,a ,ndÜu md,kh lsŸug fmg%,a

fcÙ tlla fhdod we;

kuq;a fuys ;ajrl jE,ajh jeiS we;s wjia:df¿

fjkapQµh ;=,ska .,dhk jd;Odrdj wvq ne§ka
fmg%,a weo.ekSu yµyeÉ isšfkdf¿

tne§ka ta i|yd fuhg fjku moaO;s tla l,hq;=j

we;

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ld©hqfÀgrhl wvx.= m%Odk moaO;s

bms,s moaO;sh Float System

wlS%h f¿. yd wvqf¿. moaO;sh Idle & Slow Speed System

m%Odk moaO;sh Main System

n, moaO;sh Power System

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;ajrl fmdÒm moaO;sh Acceleration Pump System e
isis,a mK.ekajqÒ moaO;sh Cold Starting / Choke System t
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bms,s moaO;sh Float System o
fuh fmg%,a u; mdfjk ma,diaÉla fyda ms;a;, bms,a,la (Float) u.ska weŸu jeiSu isšf¿ th u.ska bms,s
l
l=“rh (Float Chamber) ;=, fmg%,a uÙgu wvqjk §g fmg%,a msŸu;a ksjer¢ uÙgug msrekq miq k,h jeiS
hdu;a iajhxlS%hj isšf¿

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 fuysÜ ;ajrl jE,ajh fndfydašrg jeiS mj;S tne§ka tkaŠu ;=,g weo.kq ,nkafka b;d wvq jd; m%ud-
Khls tne§ka fjkapQµh wdikakfha µla;h we;s fkdf¿

fuysÜ ;ajrl jE,ajh fnd fydašrg jeiS we;s ne§ka thg my;ska ;o µla;hla yg.kakd w;r tu.ska
rEmfha mµ¢ wlS%h f¿. yd wvqf¿. moaO;sh yryd fmg%,a weo.ekSu isšf¿

tysÜ jvd idÀ:lj ±Y%Kh iEÜug thg by,ska we;s jd;h we;=ó³fÒ fcÙ (Air Jet) tlla yryd tu
P fmg%,a j,g jd;h ±Y%³ug i,id we;

e fuu moaO;sh wjYH§g jeiSu i|yd §š,sfhka ls%hdlrk jE,ajhla fhdod we; thg §š,sh iemhQ§g
udÀ.h §jD; f¿

t fmg%,a tkaŠka keje;a³u i|yd tys mq<s.= fmaKq (Spark Plug) oe,a³u k;r l,o we;eÒ§g th fkdkej;S
ls%hdlrk wjia:d we;sf¿ th Ái,ska (Dieseling) ³u hkqfjka y‰kajhs
r
tne§ka fuysÜ tkaŠu k;rlrk §g fuu jE,ajho jeiS fmg%,a ,eâu je,elSu ksid tkaŠu k;r f¿ fuu
o udÀ.fhka tkaŠug weo.kakd fmg%,a jdhq ±Y%K m%udkh iSreudre lsŸu i|yd wlS%h f¿. iSreudre weKh
(Idle Mixture Adjusting Screw) fhdod we; tfukau ;ajrl jE,ajh weŸ we;s m%udKh wvqjeÍ lr tkaŠka
l f¿.h iSreudre lsŸu i|ydo weKhla fhdod ;sfÕ

F wvq f¿. moaO;sh Slow System - m<uq wjia:dj

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l,§g th yryd wo.kakd jd; m%udKho uola jeÍf¿
m
t§g thg wjYH fmg%,a m%udKh ,nd¢h hq;=h

ta i|yd lajrl jE,ajh ti³fÒÜ §jD; jk f,i isšre fma,shla wlS%h f¿. udÀ.hg by,ska
fhdod we;

tu.ska wjYH jeÍ fmg%,a m%udKh ,ndÜu isšlrhs

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wvq f¿. moaO;sh Slow System - fojk wjia:dj

;ajrljE,ajh ;jšrg;a §jD; jk §g wfkla isšreo §jD; ³ fmg%,a ±Y%³u jeÍlrhs

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m%Odk moaO;sh Main System - m,uq wjia:dj l

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 tkaŠfÒ f¿.h jeÍ lsŸu i|yd ;ajrl jE,ajh §jD; lrk §g ;jšrg;a jd;h we;=ó f¿ fuysÜ ;ajrl
jE,ajhg my,ska ;snQ µla;h l%ufhka wvqjk w;r fjkapQµh wi,g tu µla;h l%ufhka n,mdhs ta fya;=fjka
wls%h f¿. mµm:h yryd fmg%,a weo .ekSu l%ufhka wvq³ fjkapQµh uoHfha we;s m%Odk fkdi,h (Main Noz-
zle) ;=,ska fmg%,a weo.ekSu wdrÒN f¿ fuysÜo tu fmg%,a j,g jd;h ±Y% lsŸu i|yd Wml%u fhdod we; th
±Y%K k,h (Mixture Tube) f,i yškajhs

P m%Odk moaO;sh Main System - fojk wjia:dj

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S ;jšrg;a ;ajrl jE,ajh §jD; ³fÒÜ fjkapQµh yryd .,dhk jd; Odrdj by, hhs
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tysÜ µla;h iÒmQÀKfhkau fjkapQµh wi,g n,mdk w;r wlS%h f¿. mµm:fhka fmg%,a weo .ekSu k;r f¿
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m%Odk fkdi,fhka uqó fmg%,a m%udkhu ,nd foa
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n, moaO;sh Power System

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;ajrljE,ajh iÒmQÀKfhkau §jD; jk§g weo.kakd jd; Odrdj b;d by, hhs

t§g fjkapQµhg n,mdk µla;ho by, hhs S

tysÜ ld©hqfÀgrfha jÒmiska i§³ we;s k,h wi,go µla;h n,mEfuka th yryd bms,s l=“rfha we;s
fmg%,a weo.kS
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tu.ska fmg%,a ±Y% ³u ;j;a by, hhs
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;ajrl fmdÒm moaO;sh Acceleration Pump System e
tkaŠfuys f¿.h laIƒlj jeÍ lsŸug wjYH jqjfyd;a ;ajrl jE,ajh tljr iÒmQÀKfhka §jD;
lrkq ,nhs
m
tysÜ §Yd, jdhq Odrdjla tljr tkaŠug we;=,a f¿

kuq;a thg fmg%,a tl;=³ug uola m%udo jk ne§ka fuysÜ ±Y%Kh šÀj, ³ tkaŠka n,h wvq³fuka th
k;r§h yel

fuh je,ela³ug laIƒlj ;ajrl jE,ajh wµk wjia:dj,Ü jeÍ fmg%,a m%udKhla §oSu u.ska tkaŠu
laIƒlj f¿.j;a f¿

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fÒjd ls%hdlr³u ;ajrl jE,ajhg iÒNkaO ,Sjrhla u.ska isšf¿

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isis,a mK.ekajqÒ moaO;sh Cold Starting / Choke System

tkaŠu isis,aj we;s wjia:djl mK.ekajQ §g th wl%Sh f¿.fha ;nd .ekSu wmy iq f¿ tu f¿.hg
wjYH fmg%,a jdhq ±Y%Kh ld©hqfÀgrfhka idod škako isis,aj we;s pQIK k,yuqj ;=, tajd ;ekam;a³u
ksid tkaŠug ,efnk ±Y%Kfha fmg%,a wvqf¿ tks id tkaŠfÒ f¿.h uola wvq³ th fooŸulg ,lalrhs
fuh je,ela³ug kÒ isis,a wjia :df¿ tkaŠug ,ndfok ±Y%Kfha fmg%,a jeÍl, hq;=h

fÒ i|yd ld©hqfÀgrfha by, fldgfia fpdala jE,ajh (Choke Valve) i§ lr we; th jeiQ§g tkaŠug
weo.kakd jd; m%udkh wvq³fuka pQIK k,yuqj ;=, we;sjQ µla;h fpdala jE,ajh wi,gu n,mdhs ta
fya;=fjka tkaŠu wl%Sh f¿.fha ;s©hÜu m%Odk fkdi,fhka (Main Nozzle) fmg%,a weo.ekSu isšf¿
tu.ska ±Y%Kfha fmg%,a m%udKh jeÍlrhs

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 P
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F
fpdala jE,ajh ls%hdlr³u
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isis,a mK.ekajqÒ moaO;shg wh;a fpdala jE,ajh ls%hdlr³u i|yd l%u folla fhdod .kS
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w;ska ls%hdlrjk fpdala l%uh Manual Operated ChokeType

iajhxlS%hj ls%hdlrk fpdala l%uh Auto Choke Type

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w;ska ls%hdlrjk fpdala l%uh Manual Operated ChokeType s
fuysÜ fpdala jE,ajh µhšre §iska wjYH;djh wkqj
ls%hdlrjhs
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ta i|yd flan,hla fyda ,Sjrhla fhdod.kS tys wfk-
la fl<jr µhšre wi, i§lr we; m
tkaŠu isis,a wjia:dj, fuh ls%hdlrjd fpdala
jE,ajh jid tkaŠu mK.eka§h hq;= w;r tkaŠu
WKqiqÒ jk§g kej; §jD; l,hq;=h ke;fyd;a
±Y%Kh w¨lj ire§h yel

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 iajhxlS%hj ls%hdlrk fpdala l%uh Auto Choke Type

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fuu l%ufhaÜ tkaŠfÒ ;;ajh u; iajhxlS%hj fpdala jE,ajh ls%hdlrhs tkaŠu isis,a §g jE,ajh jeiSu;a
WKqiqÒ jk§g §jD; ³u;a isšf¿ fÒ i|yd WIaK;ajh wkqj ls%hdlrk oa³f,day škakla (Bi-Metal Spring)

F fhdod .kS

u isis,a wjia:df¿ škak yels,S fpdala jE,ajh jeiShhs WKqiQÒ jk§g škak ¢.ska jeͳu ksid ¢.yefÀ t§g
fpdala jE,ajh l%ufhka §jD; f¿ tkaŠu mk.ekajQ miq fuh WKqiQÒ ³ §jD; ³ug ld,hla .kakd ne§ka

e fuys we;s §š,s |¬rhg §š,sh imhd blaukska WKqiQÒ lr §jD; lrfoa
oa§;aj ner,a ld©hqfÀgÀ Double Barrel Carburetor
l Odµ;djfhka jeÍ tkaŠka i|yd jeÍ jdhq fmg%,a ±Y%K m%udkhla wjYH f¿ ta i|yd fjkapQµh §Yd,j
iEšjfyd;a µla;h yµyeÉ we;s fkdf¿ tksid fjkapQµ folla fhdod .kakd w;r wvqf¿.fhaÜ tla
fjkapQµhl=;a jeÍf¿.fhaÜ fjkapQµ folu;a m%fhdackhg .kS
S fojk fjkapQµh wvq f¿.fhaÜ ;ajrl jE,ajh u.ska jeiS mj;S th §jD; lsŸu i|yd µla;fhka ls%hdl-

y rk m%dòr tallhla fhdojd we; uOH f¿.hg tk§g µla; udÀ.h wi, w;sjk µla;h u.ska m%dòrh
ls%hdlrjd ;ajrl jE,ajh §jD; lrhs

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oa§;aj ner,a ld©hqfÀgÀ j, fhdod .kakd mjÀ jE,aj

fuu l%ufhaÜ fÒka fcÙ yryd m%Odk fkdi,h fj; bkaOk imhk udÀ.hg w;=re udÀ.hla f,i
mjÀ jE,a¿ fhdod we; tys jE,ajh škakla u.ska jeiS mj;S th §jD; lsŸu i|yd by,ska we;s mjÀ
msiagka fhdod .kS th l%Shdlr³ug µla; udÀ.hla bka,Ù ueksf*da,aé fj; ,ndÜ we;

tkaŠu mk.ekajQ miq ;ajrl jE,ajh jEiS we;s ne§ka bka,Ù ueksf*da,aé ys we;sjk µla;h u.ska mjÀ
P
msiagka by,g weo.kS t§g mjÀ jE,ajh jeiS fÒka fcÙ yryd mukla m%Odk fkdi,h fj; bkaOk
,ndfoa e
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§p,H fjkapQµ ld©hqfÀgr Variable Venturi Carburetor

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 fuu l%ufhaÜ fjkapQµfha m%udkh fjkia l,yels f,i ld©hqfÀgrh kÀudKh lr we; ta i|yd fjkapQµh
;=, by, my, hk msiagkhla fhdod.kS msiagkh by, my, hk§g thg iÒNkaO lr we;s fÙmr
yevfha l+re jE,ajh u.ska my; we;s bkaOk imhk k,fha isšfrys m%udkh fjkia lrhs tkÒ msiagkh
by, §;a fjkapQµh yryd jeÍjd; m%udkhla w;=ó jk§g l+re jE,ajho by,g tau ksid th yryd jeÍ
bkaOk m%udkhla ksl=;a f¿ msiagkh my, hk§g bkaOk m%udkho wvqf¿

fuys msiagkh škakla u.ska my;g f;rmdf.k isÉk w;r by,g ti³u i|yd µla;h fhdod .kS ta
P i|yd msiagkfhka by, l=“rhg µla; udÀ.hla ,ndÜ we; ;ajrl jE,ajh fndfydašrg jeiS we;s§g
msiagkh wi,ska iqó jd; oyrdjla .,d hhs t§g msiagkfha µla; udÀ.h yryd by, l=“rfha jd;ho
e weo .ekSfuka msiagkh iqó jYfhka by, hhs

t bf,lafg%dksla bkaOk §šÒ l%uh Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI)

r
fuu l%uh u.ska r:fha §§O Odjk ;;ajhka
o wkqj bkaOk jdhq ±Y%K wkqmd;h b;du;a
ksjer¢ f,i .kkh lr ,ndfoa
l ta i|yd idOl §Yd, m%udkhla i,ld nef,a
tu f;dr;=re ,nd.ekSu yd ta wkqj bkaOk
jdhq ±Y%Kh ,ndÜu bf,lafg%dksl md,kfhka
hq;=j isšlrhs
F ta i|yd fldgia .kkdjlska hq;a ixlSÀK
moaO;shla fhdod .efka
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bkaOk - jdhq ±Y%Kh ieliSu i|yd i,ld nef,k idOl

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fÒ i|yd my; mµ¢ idOl §Yd, ixLhdjla md,k tallh u.ska §Yaf,aYkh lrhs

ta wkqj ,nd¢hhq;= bkaOk m%udKh ks.ukh lr bkaOk iemhqÒ moaO;sh u.ska is,skavr fj; bkaOk
,ndfoa

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EFI bkaOk iemhqÒ moaO;sh

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fuysÜ tkaŠug wjYH fmg%,a ,ndÜu i|yd bkaOk §¢khla (Injector) fhdod.kS th ECU
u.ska §š,sfhka ls%hd;aul lrjhs fmg%,a gexlsfha we;s bkaOk §¢kh fj; mSvkh lr ,nd- F
fok w;r ta i|yd §š,sfhka lS%hdlrk w¨mSvk fmg%,a fmdÒmhla yd fmrykhla fhdod
we; u
tu mSvkh ksh; w.hl mj;ajd .ks±ka jeÍ fmg%,a kej; bkaOk gexlsh fj; uqod yeŸu
i|yd mSvk md,lhla (Pressure Regulator) fhdod .kS e
bkafclagrh §jD; lsŸu i|yd ÍŠg,a §š,s ;rx.hla (Digital Electrical Pulls) fhdod .kakd
w;r tu ;rx.h ,ndfok ld,h (Pulls Duration) wvqjeÍ lsŸu u.ska bkafclagrh §jD;j l
;nk ld,h wvqjeÍ flfÀ ta wkqj §¢k fmg%,a m%udKh wvqjeÍ flfÀ

EFI bkfaclagrh i§jk ia:dkh S

EFI l%ufhaÜ is,skavrhg weo.kakd jd; m%udkhg wjYH fmg%,a m%udKh ;SÀKh lsŸfuka miq tu
fmg%,a m%udKh jd;h iu. ±Y%l,hq;=h tysÜ l%u folla Nd§;d f¿ y
iska.,a fmdhskaÙ bkafclaIka Single Point Injection
u,aÉ fmdhskaÙ bkafclaIka Multi Point Injection
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 iska.,a fmdhskaÙ bkafclaIka Single Point Injection - SPI

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fuu l%ufhaÜ tkaŠfuys is,skavr ish,a,gu bkaOk iemhSu i|yd tla bkafclagrhla fhdod .kakd w;r
we;eÒ§g bkafclagr folla tlaj fhdod .kS

tu bkafclagr pQIK k,yuqj wdrÒNjk ia:dkfha ^ld©hqfÀgrh i§jk ia:dkfha & i§f¿ thg my,s-
ka ;ajrl jE,ajh msysghs tne§ka fuu l%uh f;%dÙ,a fndÍ bkafclaIka (Throttle Body Injection – TBI)
hkqfjkao y‰kajhs

fuysÜ bkafclagrh u.ska wjYH fmg%,a m%udKh fkdlvjd §¢kq ,nk w;r ;ajrl jE,ajh wi,Ü jd;h P
iu. ±Y% f¿

is,skavr j, wod, myrj,a wkqj wjYH bkaOk jd; ±Y%K m%udkh tajd u.ska ,nd .ksS
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u,aÉ fmdhskaÙ bkafclaIka Multi Point Injection - MPI r
fuu l%ufhaoS is,skavrhg tl ne.ska bkafclagr fhdod.
kakd w;r tajd pQIK k, yuqf¿ pQIK jE,ajh wdikakj o
is,skavrfhka msg;g fhduqjk fia i§f¿

bkafclagrfhka §sosk fmg%,a pQIK jE,ajh wi, re|S

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mj;sk w;r jE,ajh §jD; jk§g is,skavrh ;=,g weoS hhs
is,skavr ish,af,ysu bkafclagr i|yd tlu bkaOk iem-
hqÒ k,hla (Fuel Distributor) fhdod .kS thg fmdÒmfhka
fmg%,a ,ndfok w;r moaO;sh ;=, 3 bar muk mSvkhla F
ksh;j ;nd.ks±ka jeÍmSvkh fm%IÀ fr.shqf,dagrh yryd
kej; gxlsh fj; uqod yµhs u
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 fmg%,a fmdÒmh Petrol Pump

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5 l muk mSvkhla w;sl,yels fmdÒmhls

o fuh ;=, we;s §š,s fudagrh u.ska frda,À fi,a (Roller Cell Type) fmdÒmhla u.ska mSvkh we;slrhs
we;eÒ§g bÒms,À jÀ.fha (Impeller Type) fmdÒmo Nd§;d f¿ fuys fudgrh uOHfhka fmg%,a
l Odrdj .ukalrk w;r tysÜ fudagrhg §š,sh imhk n%Ia w;r mq<s¬= we;s³ulao isšf¿ kuq;a jd;h
fkdue;s e§ka .sks.ekSula we;sfkdf¿

F fmg%,a fmrykh Petrol Filter

u fuh fmdÒmhg miq i§f¿ fmg%,a j, we;s wm\jH yd

fmdÒmh ls%hdlsŸfÒÜ bj;ajk ishqÒ f,day fldgia wd¢h

e fuh u.ska fmŸulg ,la lrhs

by, mSvkhg Tfrd;a;= fok f,I msg; wdjrKh

l f,dyfhkao fmrykh §fYaI lvodishlskao ksmojd we;
wjysr jQ miq fuh wó;ska fhd¢h hq;=h

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fmg%,a ÍiaÉ%©hqgrh yd fm%IÀ fr.shqf,agrh Petrol Distributor & Pressure Regulator
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fuh u.ska tkaŠfuys ishó bkafclagr i|yd fmg%,a fnodyeŸu isšlrhs fuys tla milska fmg%,a
we;=ó³u;a wfklami we;s fm%IÀ fr.shqf,agrh yryd jeÍ bkaOk kej; gexlshg fhduq lsŸu;a isšlrhs
idudkH wjia:df¿Ü fm%IÀ fr.shqf,agrh ;=, we;s m%dòrh my,ska we;s škak u.ska by,g ti³fuka
fmg%,a gexlsh fj; hk k,h jeiS mj;S

fuys fmg%,a mSvkh ndÀ 3g jeÍjk §g škak yl=ójdf.k m%dòrh my;g ;,aó f¿ t§g fmg%,a gexlsh
fj; hk k,h §jD; ³ jeÍmSvkh ksoyia lrhs fuys m%dòrh hÉ me;a;g bka,Ù ueksf*da,aé µla;h
,ndÜ we;

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tu µla;h jeÍjk§g thskao m%dòrh my,g weo.kS tkÒ µla;h jeÍjk§g wvqmSvkhlÜ fmg%,a gexlsh
fj; uqodyer moaO;sh ;=, mSvkh wvq lrhs bka,Ù ueksf*da,aéys µla;h jeÍjk§g bkafclagr yryd
jeÍ fmg%,a m%udkhla weo .ekSug ;e;a l,o tysÜ §¢k mSvkh wvq³u ksid tu ;;ajh we;sfkdf¿ fuh
ueksf*da,aé µla;hg iudkqmd;slj isš³fuka bkaOk jeÍmqr ±Y%³u j,lajhs

bkafclagrh Injector

fuh u.ska bkaOk msg;g fhduq lsŸu ECU P

yryd md,kh lrhs

fuys §š,s |¬rhg §š,sh iemhQ§g th

e
§oHq;a pqÒNlhla njg m;a³ ma,kaccrh
by,g weo.ekSfuka bkafclagrh §jD;³ t
fmg%,a §¢kq ,nhs

§š,sh §ika¨ l,§g škak u.ska ma,kacrh

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my,g f.dia bkafclagr isšr jeiShhs o
fuys bkaOk we;=ójk ia:dkfha l=vd
fmrykhla fhdod we; tu.ska ishqÒ wm\jH l
bkafclagrh ;=,g we;=ó³u j,lajhs

bkaOk - jdhq ±Y%Kh ieliSu i|yd wjYH idOl ,nd.ekSu

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ksjer¢ bkaOk jdhq ±Y%Kh ieliSu i|yd wjYH idOl ECU fj; ,nd¢h hq;=h ta i|yd EFI moaO;sj,
ixf¿ol (Sensors) keu;s Wmdx. fhdojd .kS

ixf¿olhla hkq hÒ idOlhl fjkia³Ò §š,s ix{djla njg mµjÀ:kh lr ,nd¢hyels WmlrKhls
tu §š,s ix{df¿ fjkia³Ò u; idOlfha fjkia³Ò ECU u.ska y‰kd .kS

ta wkqj bkaOk jdhq wkqmd;h .kkh lrk w;r tu bkaOk m%udkh §¢k f;la bkafclagrh §jD; lr
;eâuo ECU u.ska isšlrhs

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 thd *af,da fikaiÀ Ai Flow Sensor
fuh u.ska tksŠug weo.kq ,nk jd; m%udKh uek
ECU fj; okajhs fÒ i|yd §§O ls%hdldŸ;ajfhka
hq;= thd*af,da fikair .kkdjla Nd§;df¿ fuys olajd
we;af;a oekg nyq,j Nd§;d jk fydÙ *s,aÒ thdudia
fikaiÀ( Hot Film Air mass Sensor) keu;s jÀ.hhs
P fuys fikaiÀ t,sukaÙ tl b;d ;=kS ma,eÉkÒ f,day

e mg,hlska ksmojd we; ECU u.ska th fi,aishia wxYl

100 l ksh; WIaK;ajhlg r;alrhs th yryd jd;h
.,dhdfÒÜ fuu r;ajQ ma,eÉkÒ mg,h isis,a³ulg
t ,laf¿ t§g ECU u.ska fuh isis,a ³ug bvfkdÜ
thg imhk Odrdj jeÍlr±ka th fmr WIaK;ajhg
r f.ktAu ks;ru isšlrhs

o fuysÜ weo.kakd jd; Odrdj jeÍjk §g ma,eÉkÒ mg,h isis,a³u jeÍ ne§ka th ksh; WIaK;ajfha ;nd.ekSug
l iemhshhq;= §š,s Odrdjo jeÍf¿ jd; Odrdj wvqjk §g isis,a³u wvq ne§ka th ksh; WIaK;ajfha ;nd.ekSug
iemhshhq;= §š,s Odrdjo wvqf¿ fufia weo.kakd jd; Odrdjg iudkqmd;slj iemhsh hq;= §š,s Odrdj fjkia jk
ne§ka th u.ska ECU jd; m%udKh uek.kS

tkaŠka iamSé fikaiÀ Engine Speed Sensor

F fuh u.ska tkaŠfuys mj;sk f¿.h ECU fj; okajhs fuys tkaŠfÒ
|¬r l|g iÒNkaOj we;s hlv ³,hg b;d weikakj fikairh
u i§f¿ fuu fikairh ;=, ia–r pqÒNlhla jgd T;k ,o §Yd, jg
.kklska hq;= §š,s |¬rhla msysghs ia–r pqÒNlfha fl,jr hlv
e ³,fha oe;a;la wi,ska hk§g ia–r pqÒNlfha pqÒNl lafYaia;%h
fjkia³ulg ,laf¿
l tysÜ fikair |¬rh ;=, l=vd fjda,a“h;djhla ksmof¿ oe;a;la
wdikak jk§g §š,sh ksmo³u;a oe;a; wE;ajk§g §š,sh ke;s-
jhdu;a u.ska fuysÜ rEmfha mµ¢ §š,s ;rx¬hla we;s lrhs fuysÜ
³,h jghla lrlefjk §g tys oe;s .kkg iudk §š,s iamkao
S .kkla we;sf¿ fufia §kdÍhla ;=, we;sjk iamkao .kk yd ³,fha
oe;s .kk wkqj ECU u.ska tkacsfÒ f¿.h .kkh lr.kS

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bkafÙla thd fgÒmfÀpÀ fikaiÀ Intake Air Temperature Sensor
s fuh u.ska tkaŠug weo.kakd jd;fha WIaK;ajh ECU fj; okajhs
t fuys we;s NTC m%;sfrdaOlfha m%;sfrdaOh jd;fha WIaK;ajh u; fjkia
f¿ jd;fha WIaK;ajh jeÍjk §g fuys m%;sfrdaOh wvqjk w;r t;=,s-
ka .,dhk §š,s oyrdj jeÍf¿
e jd;fha WIaK;ajh wvqjk §g fuys m%;sfrdaOh jeÍjk w;r t;=,ska
m .,dhk §š,s oyrdj wvqf¿ tu §š,s oyrdj wkqj tkaŠug weo.kakd
jd;fha WIaK;ajh ECU u.ska .kkh lrhs ta wkqj bkaOk jd; ±Y%K
wkqmd;h fjkia lrhs

l+,kaÙ fgÒmfÀpÀ fikaiÀ Coolant Temperature Sensor

fuho jd; WIaK;aj fikairh wdldrhgu ls%hdlrhs

fuysÜ tkacsfÒ isis,k c,fha WIaK;ajh ECU fj; okajhs

ta wkqj bkaOk jd; ±Y%K wkqmd;h fjkia lrhs

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f;%dÙ,a fmdisIka fikaiÀ Throttle Position Sensor

P
e
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fuh ;ajrl jE,ajh ls%hdlrjk okafé fl,jrl ijsf¿ fuh u.ska ;ajrl jE,ajh §jD;³ we;s m%udKh
ECU fj; okajhs tu w.h tkaŠka f¿.h iu. ii|d tkaŠug je“we;s Ndrh .kkh flfÀ r
fuh §p,H m%;sfrdaOlhla f,i ls%hd;aul f¿ uOHfha we;s okav ;ajrl jE,ajh iu. lrlefjk w;r
t§g fuys iamÀYl ;=vq m%;sfrdaOl mÉh u; we;s,af,±ka .uka lrhs o
t§g tu w.% w;r m%;sfrdaOh fjkia f¿ tu fjki u; ECU u.ska ;ajrl jE,ajfha msys“u ;Srkh lrhs
tu w.h tkaŠka f¿.h iu. iei|Sfuka tkaŠka Ndrh .kkh flfÀ ukao Ndrh jeÍjk §g tkaŠka
l
f¿.h wvq³u;a µhšre §iska ;ajrlh jeÍfhka §jD; lsŸu;a isšjk ne§ks

bkaOk oykh yd §I jdhQka ksmo³u

F
EFI l%ufhå by; wdldrhg ixf¿ol .kkdjla u.ska tkaŠfuys §§O ;;aj yd idOl i,ld n,d ks- u
jer¢u bkaOk jdhq ±Y%Kh idok ne§ka th mQÀK oykhla isšjk f,i ks;ru 14 :1 wkqmd;hg ;nd.;
yel fuu fmg%,a jdhq ±Y%K wkqmd;h oela³ug
jer¢u 14: 1 wkqmd;h
^,eÒvd& keu;s wlaIrh fhdod .kS ta wkqj ks-
f,i .efka tysÜ ksmojkqfha c, jdIam yd ldnka vfhdlaihsé muks khsg%cka
e
tf,iskau msgj hhs
l

S
kuq;a tkaŠfÒ tla tla ;;ajhka u; by; wkqmd;h iqó jYfhka fjkia §hyel tysÜ ±Y%Kfha jd;h
y
wvq³u fyda jeͳu isš§h yel s
±Y%Kh nd,jk§g

t§g fuys fmg%,a wvqh tu ±Y%Kh oe³fuka miq is,skavrh ;=, jd;h ^Tlaiscka& b;sµ f¿
t
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by; wjia:df¿ b;sµjk Tlaiscka yd ksIal%Sh jdhqjla jk khsg%cka is,skavrh ;=, we;sjk fi,aishia
2000l muk w¨l WIaK;ajh hgf;a tlg iÒNkaO ³ khsg%cka Tlaihsv jÀ. .kkdjla idohs fÒjd
fmdšf¿ NOX hkqfjka yškajhs fuu jdhQka §I iys; f¿

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M - 04
 ±Y%Kh irejk
§g

t§g fuys fmg%,a jeÍh tuksid ±Y%Kh iÒmQÀKfhka oe³ug is,skavrh ;=, jd;h ^Tlaiscka& ys. f¿

P
e by; wjia:df¿Ü Tlaiscka ys. ne§ka ldnkavfhdlaihsé iEÜug wu;rj ldnka fudfkdlaihséo iEfoa fuu
jdhQj w¨l §I iys; f¿ tfukau wÀOj oykh jQ bkaOko b;sµ f¿ tho mµirhg §I iys;h
t by; ;;ajhka u; ±Y%Kfha jd;h jeÍjQ §go jd;h wvqjQ §go §I jdhqka ksmof¿ th j,ela³ug kÒ tjeks
r wjia:d y‰kdf.k ±Y%K wkqmd;h kej; 14:1 w.hg f.kwdhq;=h ta i|yd msgdr jdhqf¿ ;;ajh ECU fj;
okajd ±Y%K wkqmd;h iSreudre l,hq;=h fÒ i|yd ,eÒvd fikaiÀ (Lambda Sensor) keu;s Wmdx.h fhdod.kS
o ,eÒvd fikaiÀ Lambda Sensor

F
u
e
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fuys fl,jr msgdr jdhqjg fhduqjk fia i§jk w;r fuu.ska msgdr jdhqf¿ we;s Tlaiscka m%;sY;h .kkh
lrhs bkaOk jdhq ±Y%K wkqmd;h 14:1 g jvd wvq jk wjia:dj,Ü ±Y%Kfha jd;h wvq f¿ tysÜ oykfhka miq
msgdr jdhqf¿ Tlaiscka m%;sY;h wvqf¿ bkaOk jdhq ±Y%K wkqmd;h 14:1 g jvd jeÍjk wjia:dj,Ü ±Y%Kfha
S jd;h jeÍ ne§ka oykfhka miq msgdr jdhqf¿ Tlaiscka b;sµf¿

y ,eÒvd fikaiÀ u.ska fuu msgdr jdhqf¿ we;s Tlaiscka m%;sY;h wkqj fjda,a“h;djhla ksmo-
jd ECU fj; ,ndfohs ±Y%Kh ksjer¢ 14:1 wkqmd;hg mj;sk §g tkÒ ,eÒv w.h 1 jk§g fuhs-
ka 0.4 fjda,a“h;djhla ksmojhs ±Y%Kh irejk§g tkÒ ,eÒv w.h 1g wvqjk§g ksmofjkfj-
s da,a“h;djh jeÍf¿ ±Y%Kh nd,jk§g tkÒ ,eÒv w.h 1g jeÍjk§g ksmofjk fjda,a“h;djh wvqf
¿
t fuu fjda,a“h;d fjki u; ECU u.ska msgdr jdhqf¿ ;;ajh;a ta wkqj ±Y%K wkqmd;h;a y‰kd.kS bkamiq
,euvd w.h 1 jk f;la tkÒ fjda,a“h;djh 0.4 jkf;la ±Y%K wkqmd;h fjkia lrhs tf,I iEu §gu ±Y%Kh
e 14:1 wkqmd;fhka tkÒ ,eÒv w.h 1 jk fia ;nd.ekSug W;aidy lrhs

,eÒv fikaiÀ fhÜfuka we;sjk .egó

m fuh fhÜu u.ska iEu§gu ±Y%K wkqmd;h 14:1 tkÒ ,eÒv w.h 1 jk f,i ;nd.ekSug W;aidy lrhs tne§ka
§I jdhqka ksmo³u je,lSu;a bkaOk mµfndackh wvq³u;a §Yd, jdishls

tfy;a by; wdldrhg iEu§gu 14:1 w.fhka ±Y%K wkqmd;h ;ndf.k fudagÀ r:hla Odjkh l,fkdyels f¿
tkaŠu isis,a wjia:dj,;a wls%h f¿. yd by, f¿. wjia:dj,;a jeÍ n,hla ,nd.;hq;= w;r ta i|yd ±Y%Kh
ire l, hq;=h tfy;a ,eÒvd md,kh u.ska th j,lajhs tne§ka tjeks §fYaI wjia:dj,Ü mukla ECU u.ska
,eÒv md,kh fkdi,ld yer ±Y%Kh ire lsŸug wjia:dj ,ndfoa

kuq;a fuu wjia:dj, §Ijdhqka ksmo³u isšjk w;r tajd msgdr jdhqj iu. msgj hhs

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M - 04
leg,sÉla lkajÀgÀ (Catalytic Converter) fhdod.ekSu
by; wdldrhg ,eÒv md,kh fkdi,ld yµk
wjia:dj, ±Y%K wkqmd;h fjkiajk fyhska
§Ijdhqka ksmo³u isšjk w;r tajd msgdr jdhqj
iu. msgj hhs

th je,ela³u i|yd ,eÒv fikairfhka miq

msgdr k, moaO;shg fuu Wmdx.h i§flfÀ
P
fuho ihs,kairhl yevfha fldgils fuh ;=,
frdaÍhÒ yd ma,eÉkÒ wdf,am l, l=vd isšre
e
iys; fir±la iels,a,la fhdod we;
t
fuh u.ska msgdr jdhqf¿ we;s §I jdhQka §I
rys; jdhQka njg mµjÀ:kh lr uqod yŸ r
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leg,sÉla lkajÀgrfha ls%hdldŸ;ajh

±Y%Kh nd,³ NOX we;sjk §g

F
u
fuysÜ leg,sÉla lkajÀgrfha wdf,amlr we;s frdaÍhÒ u.ska NOX j, we;s Tlaiscka Wrd.kS b;sµjk
khsg%cka jdhqj msgdr jdhqj iu. msgj hhs
e
±Y%Kh ire³ HC yd CO we;sjk §g l
fuysÜ ±Y%Kh nd, wjia:df¿Ü leg,hsghg Wrd.;a Tlaiscka HC yd CO fj; ,ndÜ tajd c, jdIAm
yd ldnkavfhdlaihsé njg mµjÀ:kh lrhs fuu leg,sÉla lkajÀgrh ;=,g BhÒ iys; fmg%,a fyda S
fkdoejqkq fmg%,a we;=ójqjfyd;a fuys ridhksl wdf,amh iÒmQÀKfhka §kdI³ hhs

tkacska wlS%hf¿. md,kh

y
tkaŠul w;S%hf¿.h idudkaHfhka §kdÍhg jg (Revolution per Minute - rpm) 750-800 muk ksh; s
f¿.hl ;nkq ,nhs jdykfha jdhqi¦lrkh fyda m%Odk myka wd¢h ls%hd;aul l,§g fuu f¿.h 1000
rpm muk uola by, keka³u (Idle Up) l, hq;=h ke;fyd;a tkaŠu uola .eiaiqÒ iys;j ls%hdlrhs t
EFI moaO;s iys; r:j, fuu wlS%h f¿.h ksh;j ;nd.ekSu;a wjYH §g uola by, oe¦u;a ECU u.skau
md,kh lrhs ta i|yd ;ajrl n|u; whsé,ska thd fldkafg%da,a jE,a¿ (Idling Air Control Valve) keu;s
e
fldgi i§f¿
m
whsé,ska thd fldkafg%da,a jE,a¿ Idling Air Control Valve (IAC Valve)

27
M - 04
 fuh ;ajrl n| u; i§f¿ EFI moaO;sj, wlS%hf¿.fhaÜ ;ajrl jE,ajh iÒmQÀKfhka jeiS mj;sk w;r
tu f¿.hg wjYH jd;h tkaŠu fj; ,ndÜu i|yd ;ajrl jE,ajh u.yer hk mµÜ w;=re udÀ.hla
(By-Pass Line) fhdod we; tu udÀ.h yryd hk jd;h md,khg IAC jE,ajh fhdod .kakd w;r th
§jD; lrk m%udKh wkqj wlS%h f¿.h fjkia flfÀ

tkaŠfÒ f¿.h ECU u.ska mµlaId lr ta wkqj IAC jE,ajh ls%hdlrj±ka fuu md,kh isšlrk w;r
jdhqi¦lrkh fyda m%Odk myka ls%hd;aul l,§g ECU u.ska IAC je,ajh jeÍfhka §jE; lr wlS%h f¿.h
P by, ouhs

e fuu IAC jE,ajh ;=, l=vd §š,s fudagrhla u.ska ls%hdlaul jk fodrgqjla yryd fuu jd; md,kh
isšlrhs we;eÒ wjia:dj, rEmfha mµ¢ wls%h f¿.h iSreudre lsŸu i|yd weKhlao fhdod ;sfnhs
t
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F
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S
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M - 04