1. Which of the following constitutes a type of juvenile delinquency?

 a. status offense

 b. civil offense

 c. criminal offense

 d. a and c only

 e. all of the above

2. A delinquency offense can be defined as:

 a. An act committed by a minor, for which an adult could not be prosecuted in a
criminal court.

 b. An act committed by a minor, for which an adult could be prosecuted

in a criminal court.

 c. An act committed by a minor as a result of disequilibrium of homeostasis.

 d. An act committed by a minor with the absence of any rational motive.

 e. None of the above.

3. All of the following are types of juvenile disposition, except:

 a. conditional

 b. operational

 c. custodial

 d. nominal

 e. none of the above

4. Which of the following is not one of the nine stages when processing a delinquency case
through the juvenile justice system?

 a. preadjudication juvenile detention

 b. juvenile aftercare plan

 c. juvenile intervention plan

 d. initial contact by law enforcement agencies

 e. all of the above are a part of the nine stages

5. In 1999, what was the percentage, of all juvenile delinquency cases, which had been disposed
by the courts?
  a. 12%

 b. 29%

 c. 41%

 d. 57%

 e. 63%

6. A child below the age of ______, who commits a crime, is not held morally or criminally
responsible for that act.

 a. 5

 b. 7

 c. 10

 d. 12

 e. 14

7. In 1999, the most common sanction for the adjudication of youth was:

 a. juvenile detention

 b. monetary fines

 c. community service

 d. rehabilitation

 e. probation

8. Which of the following choices is not a major source of data on delinquency and victimization?

 a. Longitudinal studies

 b. Uniform Crime Reports

 c. Self-report studies

 d. Victimization surveys

 e. All of the above a major sources

9. Probation officers often believe that although most status offenders do not pose a danger to
others, they do frequently exhibit destructive behavior patterns such as:

 a. suicide ideation

 b. alcohol abuse

 c. drug abuse

  d. b and c only

 e. all of the above

10. In 2000, according to the latest OJJDP report, police agencies throughout the U.S. made
almost_____ arrests of youths under 18.

 a. 570,000

 b. 920,000

 c. 1.3 million

 d. 2.4 million

 e. 3.6 million

11. The overwhelming majority of juvenile court referrals come from ______ sending the juvenile
to the county or city probation intake unit.

 a. School personnel

 b. Police

 c. Parents

 d. Victims

 e. B and C only

12. __________ is defined as taking an individual into custody for purposes of interviewing or
charging an individual with a delinquency offense.

 a. Booking

 b. Interrogation

 c. Arrest

 d. Indictment

 e. None of the above

13. Most __________ indicate that the number of youths who break the law is much greater than
official statistics report.

 a. Self-report surveys

 b. Victimization surveys

 c. Uniform Crime reports

 d. A and B only

 e. All of the above

14. Unreported delinquent acts, also known as ____________, are difficult to determine.

 a. The dark figure of crime

 b. Escapees of crime

 c. Smooth criminals acts

 d. The criminal uncertainty

 e. None of the above

15. Between 1973 and 1997, the most common victimization committed by juveniles was:

 a. Rape

 b. Robbery

 c. Larceny

 d. Burglary

 e. Murder

16. The overwhelming majority of the juvenile crime victims exhibited which one of the following
victimization risk factors?

 a. Involvement in gang or group fights

 b. Selling drugs

 c. Carrying a weapon

 d. A and C only

 e. All of the above

17. Erickson and Empey studied self-reported delinquency behavior among high school boys aged
15 to 17 in Provo, Utah and found that ______% of minor offenses went undetected.

 a. 50 %

 b. 66 %

 c. 75 %

 d. 85 %

 e. 90 %

18. Which of the following is not an index crime?

 a. Burglary

 b. Larceny
  c. Motor vehicle theft

 d. Fraud

 e. All of the above are index crimes

19. Alfred Blumstein estimated that ______% of all male juveniles would probably be arrested
before reaching the age of 18.

 a. 27 %

 b. 34 %

 c. 51 %

 d. 62 %

 e. 78 %

20. A youth is considered a juvenile delinquent:

 a. As soon as they break the law.

 b. When they are apprehended by the police.

 c. When they are processed through the court and adjudicated.

 d. All of the above

 e. None of the above