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1. The islands of Hawaii are home to around 40 species of birds called honeycreepers.
They have descended from an original species of honeycreeper which is now extinct.
Look at the diagram.
It shows five species of honeycreeper.
a) (i) Which process causes the gradual change from one species to another?
.....................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Name the scientist who developed the theory to explain how this process could
happen.
.....................................................................................................................................[1]
[turn over]
b) This key can be used to identify four species of honeycreeper.
a) Name the type of cell that passed information for brown fur to some of the offspring.
.....................................................................................................................................[1]
b) Mike wants to breed lots of brown mice.
i. Suggest what he should do to obtain only brown mice.
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ii. Give a reason for your answer.
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4. Gabriella has brown hair and green eyes.
She plays the piano and speaks Italian and French.
Gabriella has inherited some of her features from her parents.
Gabriella’s mother is Italian and plays the violin. She has brown hair.
Gabriella’s father is French, plays the piano and has green eyes.
a) Tick the boxes next to the features that Gabriella has inherited from her parents.
[2]
b) (i) Which part of a cell contains the information for inherited features?
.................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Describe how this inherited information was passed on to Gabriella from her
parents?
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.........................................................................................................................................
.......................... .........................................................................................................[2]
5. The diagram shows a leaf insect called a mantis.
Its body is bright green and it has two large eyes at the front of its head.
a) A mantis is an insect.
Explain two ways you can tell this from the diagram.
1. .............................................................................................................
2. .............................................................................................................[2]
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b) Scientists think that leaf insects evolved by a process called natural selection.
i. Name the scientist who introduced the theory of natural selection.
ii. Read these sentences about natural selection.
Write the letters of the sentences in order so that they describe natural selection.
[2]
6. Some animals, such as race horses, have been produced by selective breeding.
[2]
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7. Youssef has four varieties of goldfish.
Here is a key for the varieties.
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8. Look at the diagram.
It shows some different varieties of pigeon
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a) Describe where scientists found this evidence about evolution of horses.
.....................................................................................................................................[1]
b) Use the information from the diagram to give one piece of evidence:
that supports evolution .................................................................................................
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that does not support evolution .....................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................... [2]
[2]
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12. The table shows some properties of materials.
[2]
b) Copper is placed in iron sulfate solution. There is no reaction.
Why is there no reaction?
Tick (√) the box next to the correct sentence.
Iron sulfate is higher in the reactivity series than copper sulfate
Copper is higher in the reactivity series than iron
Iron is more reactive than copper
Copper is more reactive than iron
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14. Jamila and Ahmed investigate the rate of reaction hydrochloric acid and magnesium.
The diagram shows the apparatus they use.
The flask contains 1 cm length of magnesium ribbon and 25 cm3 of hydrochloric acid.
Jamila and Ahmed measure the volume of gas made in two minutes.
They repeat the experiment using different concentrations of acid.
Here is their results table.
Jamila tells Ahmed that one result is an anomaly.
a) Which result is the anomaly?
.............................................................................. [1]
b) x
c) How could they check if this result is an
anomaly?....................................................................
...................................................................................
............................................................................. [1]
d) Explain why the rate of reaction increases as the concentration of acid increases.
Use ideas about particles and collisions in your answer.
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e) Jamila and Ahmed want to improve their experiment to get more accurate results.
What improvement should they make?
Tick (√) the correct answer.
Replace the acid with an alkali.
Replace the conical flask with a beaker.
Use a gas syringe instead of a measuring cylinder.
Use iron instead of magnesium.
[1]
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15. Aluminium reacts with iron oxide to form aluminium oxide and iron.
This
a) What type of reaction is this?
Circle the correct answer.
17. Pierre reacts metal compounds with acids to make three different salts.
The table shows the metal compounds and the salts he makes.
Complete the table to show the acids he uses in each reaction.
[2]
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18. Priya plans an investigation into the density of different salt solutions.
She does some preliminary experiments.
Priya
puts different masses of salt into 100 cm3 water
measures the mass and volume of the salt solution.
Here are her preliminary results.
a) What a range of masses of salt would give Priya the biggest range of volumes?
Tick (√) the correct answer.
0-1 g
1-5 g
1-20 g
20-100 g
[1]
b) What pattern is shown by the preliminary results?
.........................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................... [1]
c) Priya does just one set of preliminary results.
Why is it important to repeat each set of results in the actual investigation?
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19. Mike investigates the metal magnesium.
a) He burns a piece of magnesium in a Bunsen burner flame.
Burning (combustion) releases energy.
Write down the word used to describe a reaction that releases energy.
.....................................................................................................................................[1]
b) Mike places a piece of magnesium into hydrochloric acid.
The acid starts to fizz.
(i) Which gas is made?
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(ii) This reaction also makes a salt.
Circle the name of this salt.
magnesium magnesium magnesium magnesium
chloride hydride hydroxide sulfate
[1]
c) Mike puts a piece of magnesium into water.
There is a very slow reaction.
Circle the name of the metal that reacts much faster with water than magnesium does.
calcium copper gold silver
[1]
20. The graph shows the volume of gas made during a chemical reaction involving an acid.
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21. Look at the diagram of a reactivity series.
Use the diagram and your scientific knowledge to answer these questions.
a) Some of the metals will displace other metals from their compounds.
Tick (√) the boxes next to two displacement reactions that happen.
[2]
b) (i) Which gas is produced when a metal reacts with acid?
....................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Heat is released when a metal reacts with acid.
What name describes a reaction that releases heat energy?
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22. Yuri investigates the reaction of metals with acids.
He adds different metals to dilute hydrochloric acid.
The diagram shows his results.
[turn over]
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a) Complete the column heading and table to show Yuri’s results.
Metal
..................................................
A
0
B
6
C
..................................................
D
..................................................
[2]
b) Describe how Yuri could improve his method to find the volume of gas produced.
Tick (√) the box next to the correct method.
collect the gas in a measuting cylinder
collect the gas in a test tube
repeat the experiment the same way
use a smaller piece of metal
[1]
c) Yuri repeats his experiment using more concentrated acid.
Yuri makes this prediction.
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23. Aiko and mike want to make the salt copper sulfate.
They react copper oxide with an acid.
a) (i) What is the name of the acid they use?
(ii) What type of reaction takes place?
Circle the correct reaction.
burning
condensation
fermentation
neutralisation
oxidation
[1]
b) The sentences A-F describe the method they use.
They are in the wrong order.
A The filtrate is left for several days for the crystals to grow.
B The filtrate is heated until the first crystals appear.
C The reaction mixture is filtered to remove the excess copper oxide.
D Excess copper oxide is added to the acid.
E The filtrate is put into an evaporating dish.
F The reaction mixture is heated carefully for three minutes.
Fill in the boxes to show the correct order.
One box has been done for you.
E
[2]
c) Look at sentence F.
Write down one safety precaution Aiko and Mike should obey.
.................................................................................................................................... [1]
24. Complete the table about the reactivity of metals.
[5]
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25. Carlos investigates the reaction of zinc with dilute sulfuric acid.
He puts zinc into a conical flask and then adds 25 cm3 of cold dilute sulfuric acid.
The diagram shows his apparatus.
Carlos then records the volume of gas in the syringe each minute.
The diagrams below show some of his results.
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26. Calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid.
Calcium chloride, carbon dioxide and water are the products of this reaction.
(a) Write a word equation for this reaction in the space below.
.....................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Amal investigates the rate of this reaction.
Here is the apparatus she uses.
She wants to find out how the rate of reaction depends on the concentration of the
hydrochloric acid.
She starts by using:
25cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid
1g calcium carbonate
Write down two measurements Amal should take to find out the rate of this reaction.
1. .....................................................................................................................................
2. .................................................................................................................................[2]
1. .....................................................................................................................................
2. .................................................................................................................................[2]
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