Republic of the Philippines

BOHOL ISLAND STATE UNIVERSITY

Main Campus
CPG North Avenue, Tagbilaran City

VISION: A premier S & T university for the formation of a world class and virtue-laden
human resource for sustainable development of Bohol and the country
MISSION: BISU is committed to provide quality higher education in the arts and
sciences, as well as in the professional and technological fields, undertake research
and development and extension services for the sustainable development of Bohol and
the country.

“BASKETBALL”
(Written Report)

Submitted by:
ALLELUYA, MARY ANN
ANINO, KIMBERLY
AÑONUEVO, JOSHUA RAPHAEL
LOFRANCO, JERALDINE
MACAYAN, ANGELITO
OÑES, JASMIN
POQUITA, KENT DEXTER
SUELLO, NYLFE MAE
VISTAL, MICHELLE
BSED-Social Studies 2-2

Submitted to:
MR. JESUS DOSDOS
P.E Instructor
 Republic of the Philippines
BOHOL ISLAND STATE UNIVERSITY
Main Campus
CPG North Avenue, Tagbilaran City

VISION: A premier S & T university for the formation of a world class and virtue-laden
human resource for sustainable development of Bohol and the country
MISSION: BISU is committed to provide quality higher education in the arts and
sciences, as well as in the professional and technological fields, undertake research
and development and extension services for the sustainable development of Bohol and
the country.
“BASKETBALL”
BASKETBALL AND ITS BRIEF HISTORY
Basketball is a team sport(usually played in indoor court game) in
which two teams, most commonly of five players each, opposing one another
on a rectangular court, compete with the primary objective of shooting a
basketball through the defender’s hoop while the opposing team from
shooting through their own hoop.
Basketball was invented by James Naismith in Springfield,
Massachusetts. The year was 1891, and the story goes, Naismith was asked
to come up with an indoor game that offered fewer injuries than classic
American gridiron football. He came up with a 9-on-9 game that involved
shooting a ball into a peach basket.

IMPORTANCE AND PURPOSE OF PLAYING BASKETBALL

Physical Benefits
Basketball develops physical fitness, as many sports do. However, the
intense, fast-paced action of a typical basketball game simultaneously
develops speed, hand-eye coordination and cardiovascular endurance in a
way that sports such as baseball and softball might not. Moving quickly back
and forth across the court develops lower-body fitness, while shooting,
defending and passing develop upper-body fitness.
Weight Control
Playing basketball is an effective way to control your weight. A person who
weighs 170 lbs. burns 617 calories playing a basketball game for an hour,
according to the American Council on Exercise. Even if you don’t participate
in a full-court basketball game, you still can burn significant calories playing
basketball.
Stress Relief
Playing basketball can provide stress relief. If you play a casual game with
others, the camaraderie and competition will be a welcome distraction from
your daily stresses. Taking practice shots by yourself at a local court gives
you something constructive to focus on that has nothing to do with your
hectic life.
Social Benefits
For youths, playing basketball is a healthy way to imitate their athletic
heroes. For older individuals, playing basketball offers a way to engage in fun
competition while getting regular, vigorous exercise. Basketball also provides
constant social interaction, which benefits young and old players alike.
BASIC SKILLS AND CONCEPTS IN BASKETBALL
A. DRIBBLING – is an important to penetrate to the hoop, move the ball
across the court, get awy from the defense, and find a good passing lane.
1. Speed Dribble - Speed dribble is use when a player isn't guarded heavily,
he/she isn't forced to protect the ball excessively. This gives him/her a good chance
to make faster dribbling while achieving some distance.
2. Change-Of-Pace Dribble - slowing down your motion that may be
conceived as stopping. This would well make the opponent think that you are
stopping to pass the ball. However, once you achieve the reaction from the
opponent, you must be keen to explode with speed then drive through the
opponent.
3. Crossover Dribble - Characterized by one-hand dribbling while pushing the
ball in front. To protect the ball, dribbling must be kept low as the ball passes from
one hand to another.
4. Hockey Dribble - This makes use of a head-shoulder fake combination with
an abrupt change of pace. This is normally used to divert the defender from close
guard.
5. Reverse Dribble - When you are strongly guarded, you can use reverse
dribble to avoid the opponent from stealing the ball. The main drawback of this
dribble is the tendency of losing sight of the ball for some moments, which could
further expose it towards stealing from the back.
6. Half-Reverse Dribble - This is close to reverse dribbling; but in this the
player must make a 90-degree turn from his/her original position. The movements
then must be very quick so as to prevent the ball from not being caught by a player
of the opposing team.
7. Between the legs Dribble – Can be used as either a way to shake a
defender off to create space or to move the ball from one hand to another while
dribbling to create a better angle for a pass/move.
8. Low Dribble – Means that you must keep the ball bouncing low nearest to
the floor.
B. PASSING- a good offensive attack requires good passing from players.
This helps find an open man, to find a good shooter or to get away from a
defender.
1. Chest Pass - Pass the ball from your chest area using two hands. Aim for
your teammate’s chest.
2. Push Pass - Push the ball with one hand toward your teammate’s chest
area or shooting pocket. Use the hand farthest from the defender to pass the ball.
This will typically be your right hand when passing right and left hand when passing
left.
3. Bounce Pass - Bounce the ball with strength, so that the ball bounces off
the floor to the chest height of your teammate.
4.Overhead Pass- Raise the ball above your head. Use both hands to make a
hard, accurate throw to a teammate across the court. Aim for your teammate’s
chest, head or above their head, depending on how closely they are guarded.
5. One-hand push pass - To pass under the arms of players or past a defender
who is guarding closely. It can be a direct pass or a bounce pass. It works best when
the passer fakes high and then passes low.
6. Baseball pass - The ball is held with both hands on the ball, and moved up
near the ear of your throwing shoulder. At this point, throwing this pass is just like
throwing a screw ball in baseball. The hand must be BEHIND the ball so the pass
doesn’t have too much side spin, and your wrist should follow through should be
straight or even slightly counter clockwise to avoid excessive spin.
7. Dribble Pass- The dribble pass is used to quickly pass the ball with one
hand off of the dribble. This can be an air or bounce pass.
8. Behind the back pass- Wrap the ball around your back to throw the ball. It
is used to avoid the defender when making a pass across the front of you would be
risky. I would not recommend to use this pass during a game until heavily practiced.
9. Pick and Roll Pass - If dribbling to the right, your left side is facing the
target and you bring the ball up from your right side to throw the ball overhead to
the screener who has either rolled to the basket or popped to the perimeter. The
pass is used to shield the ball from the defender, and many times is thrown in "hook
shot" fashion. Advanced players can do this while slightly fading away from the
defender.
C. SHOOTING – The object of the game is to win by scoring the most points.
Therefore, improving the team’s shooting is important to win a game.
To shoot accurately, 1.) Square your shoulders to the basket and place
your feet shoulder length apart. 2.) With your knees bent slightly and back
leaning towards the basket, 3.) Put the fingers of your shooting hand under
the ball and tuck your elbows close to your body. 4.) Flick your wrist towards
the hoop to release the shot. Your index finger should follow through facing
the basket after releasing the ball.
 1. Jump Shot - To achieve balance when facing the basket for a jump shot, you
have to take a wide stance, usually, shoulder width apart, bend your knees
and square your shoulders. Make a fluid, explosive upward leap and at the
apex of the jump, follow through by shooting the ball. When the ball is
released at the apex of the jump shot, keep your elbows straight to ensure
that it is pointed in the direction of the basket.
2. Dunk – a basketball shot that is performed when a player jumps in the air,
controls the ball above the horizontal plane of the rim, and scores by putting
the ball directly through the basket with one or both hands.
3. Layup- a two-point shot attempt made by leaping from below, laying the ball
up near the basket, and using one hand to bounce it off the backboard and
into the basket. The motion and one-handed reach distinguish it from a jump
shot.
4. Hook Shot – a hook shot is a play in which the offensive player, usually turned
perpendicular to the basket, gently throws the ball with a sweeping motion of
the arm farther from the basket in an upward arc with a follow-through which
ends over his head.
5. Alley oop- an offensive play in which one player throws the ball in mind air
and slum dunks it before touching the ground.
D. REBOUNDING – is essential to gain or regain possession after the shot.
Usually, the team who has the most number of rebounds after the game has
more shot attempts and chances to score.
E. OFFENSE – is the only chance that the team has a shot at the basket and
scoring. Playing a good offense reqires coordination among players and
individual skill to execute well plays.
F. DEFENSE – to be able to get a chance to score and gain possession, the
team should play good offense and try to stop their opponent from scoring.
As said, “A good defense is a good offense”.
G. ASSIST – is given to a teammate to help him score easily. Thus, it is
important t find an open man on the court.

THINGS NEEDED IN PLAYING BASKETBALL

Basketball training equipment:
 Ball - The most important thing for training is the ball. For practicing,
one can play with a rubber ball. For professional competitions, one
needs to use an inflated ball made of leather.
 Shoes- One needs specialized shoes when playing basketball. It should
be able to give better support to the ankle as compared to running
shoes. The basketball shoes should be high-tipped shoes and provide
extra comfort during a game. These shoes are specially designed to
maintain high traction on the basketball court.
Basketball shooting equipment:
  The hoop or basket is a horizontal metallic rim, circular in shape. This
rim is attached to a net and helps one score a point. The rim is
mounted about 4 feet inside the baseline and 10 feet above the court.
 The basketball court is the next important thing for shooting balls in
this game. The court is usually made of wooden floorboard. The court
size is about 28m x 17m according to the International standards. The
National Basketball Association (NBA) regulation states the floor
dimension as 29m x 15m. The standard court is rectangular in shape
and has baskets placed on opposite ends.
 The backboard is the rectangular board that is placed behind the rim. It
helps give better rebound to the ball. The backboard is about 1800mm
in size horizontally and 1050mm vertically. Many times, backboards
are made of acrylic, aluminum, steel or glass.
Basketball coaching equipment:
 Uniform- This helps one differentiate teams from one another. A
uniform consists of a jersey (shirt), shorts, numbers on the front and
back of the shirts for identification.
 Shot clock - The offense is allowed a maximum of 24 seconds to have a
ball in hand before shooting. These 24 seconds are counted on the
shot clock. If the offense fails to shoot a ball that hits the rim, they will
lose the possession of the ball to the other team.
 Whistle - The coach or referee uses a whistle to indicate the start or
end of a game. S/he can even use the whistle to stop the play in the
middle of a game. Whistle also helps to indicate fouls, timeout, or out
of bound balls to the players. In order to get the attention of the
players, many times coaches use the whistle to gather the players.

BASKETBALL COMMITTEE OFFICIALS

A. Referee - The referee is the official that controls the game. He is the
one who tosses the ball up for the center jump at the start of the game and
each overtime period. He duties range from inspecting and approving all
equipment before the game's starting time to approving the final score. In
between, the referee is responsible for the notification of each team three
minutes before each half is to begin and deciding matters of disagreement
among the officials. The referee has the power to make decisions on any
point not specifically covered in the rules and even to forfeit the game if
necessary. The role of the basketball referee is exactly this - to ensure the
game is played safely and fairly.
Roles of the Referee
Before the start of the game, the referees check that the game is
ready to go. This includes checking that: both teams have completed the
score-sheet and players are in the correct uniform; all equipment is ready (in
some junior the height of the ring or size of the ball may need to be
changed); scorers (and if applicable statisticians) are present and ready.
B. Scoretable Officials - In basketball, it is the scoretable officials that
keep the score and time. In local competitions, it may be done by parents, or
even the teams themselves. However, in higher grades, specialised
scoretable officials will perform the roles score.
Roles of the Scoretable Official
Scoretable officials work as a team with the referees to maintain the
scoring and timekeeping of the game. The basic duties of each scoretable
position are: Chairperson: Ensure the smooth operation on the scoretable
and communicates with the referees. Scorer: Completes the scoresheet.
Assistant Scorer: This position is not always required but when present will
assist with operating the scoreboard.
C. Timekeeper - Operate the game clock and in most situations also
operate the scoreboard. 24-second shot clock operator: Operate the shot
clock by stopping and resetting according to the rules.
BASKETBALL RULES

1. Each team can have a maximum of 5 players on the court at any one
time. Substitutions can be made as many times as they wish within the
game.
2. The ball can only be moved by either dribbling or passing the ball.
Once a player puts two hands on the ball (not including catching the
ball) they cannot then dribble or move with the ball and the ball must
be passed or shot.
3. Each team has 24 seconds to at least shot at the basket. A shot
constitutes either going in the basket or hitting the rim of the basket. If
after the shot is taken and the ball fails to go in the basket then the
shot clock is restarted for another 24 seconds.
4. The team trying to score a basket is called the offense while the team
trying to prevent them from scoring is called the defense.
5. After each successful basket, the ball is then turned over to the
possession.
6. Fouls committed throughout the game will be accumulated and then
when reached a certain number will be eventually be awarded as a
free throw. A free throw involves one player from the offensive team
(the player fouled) to take a shot unopposed from the free throw line.
Depending on where the foul was committed will depend on the
number free throws a player gets.
7. Violations in basketball include traveling, double dribble, goaltending,
backcourt violation, etc.

SCORING
 How to score?
To score a basket in basketball, the ball must pass through the hoop
from above. The ball must originate from somewhere on the playing area. If
the ball does not pass completely through the basket, no points are counted.
Free Throw
Each free throw made counts as one point. The free throw is located 15
feet from the backboard in the center of the floor. For you to have free
throw, the opposing team will have to commit a foul on you as you shoot or
commit more than five personal fouls over the course of one quarter. If you
are fouled as you sink a basket during the game play, you will receive one
bonus free throw. Of you miss the shot, you will receive two or three free
throws, depending on the location where the shot originated.
Two-Point Shot
Any basket a shot taken from inside the three-point line during the
game play counts for two points. The three-point line is located 23 feet 9
inches from the center of the backboard. If a player steps on the three-point
line before releasing the ball, the shot will count for only two points.
Three-Point Shot
Any basket a shot taken from outside the three-point line counts for
three points. The shooting player can step on or cross the three-point line
after releasing the ball; the shot will still count for three points. The shooter
must have at least one foot on the floor outside of the line before taking the
shot.

FOULS
While playing basketball, any player who breaks the rules of the game,
making illegal personal contact with the other team, and has
unsportsmanlike behavior.
Four main types: Personal, Technical, Flagrant, Team foul Sub Types:
 Blocking - Once the game or practice is on, a player tries to position his
or her body in a way to prevent the opponent from getting ahead.
 Charging Foul - This is an offense team’s foul. One of the offensive
team’s player runs into a defending team’s players who has already
established his or her position.
 Foul Trouble - All the players who have collected 5 fouls in high school
and college game, or 6 fouls in NBA game will be disqualified or
eliminated from that game. Which is why all teams must be careful not
to accumulate more than 6 fouls in each half.
 Goaltending - The player illegally interferes with a shot on the rim or on
a downward path to the hoop. Usually the penalty for this violation
results in the shot by the offense team being assumed in and they
receive a basket.
 Hand Check - This is a personal foul done by the defense team player.
When he or she occasionally or continuously uses his or her hand(s) on
the opponent player who has the ball.
 Holding - Whether you are in a defense or offense team, using your
hands to interfere your opponent’s freedom of movement commits a
holding fouls.
 Intentional Foul - This foul is committed by the defense team’s player
on purpose to stop the clock.
 Offensive Foul - The player, who has the ball in his or her hands,
charges into the defense team’s player who is standing in a stationary,
defensive position.
 Reaching In - When a player tries to steal the ball from the offense
team’s player, the player extends his or her arm and hand out, making
contact with the player who has the ball.
 Shooting Foul - This foul is committed when a player is fouled while in
the act of shooting the ball. If the player misses the shot, he or she
receives 2 or 3 free throw, depending on which shot he or she was
originally taking.
 Technical Foul - Any violations and misconduct which detriments the
game is called a technical foul. Usually the penalty for a technical foul
is a free throw to the opponent team.

VOILATIONS
 Three in the Key - Any defense or offense player cannot remain in the
lane for more than 3 seconds at a time. If the violation is committed, it
results in change of ball possession.
 Traveling - The offense team’s player who has the ball and takes too
many steps, anywhere on the court, without dribbling the ball is said to
have committed this violation.
 Tripping - When a player uses his or her foot or leg to make the
opponent to lose or fall during the game is said to have committed the
tripping foul.
 24-Second Violation - All NBA teams have to make a shot within 24
seconds. If not, then the violation results in change of ball possession.
 8-Second Violation -After the basket is made by a team, the offensive
team gets only 8 seconds to bring the ball over the mid court line.
Double Dribble - The offense player who dribbles the ball, stops, and
then begins to dribble it again.
 5-Second Violation - A five-second throw-in violation generally occurs
during a throw-in when the ball is not passed by the player who is
 supposed to inbound the ball before 5 seconds have gone by after he
or she got the ball.
 Illegal Screen- A player who is setting the screen still moves when the
defense team’s player makes contact with him or her. Illegal screen is
a type of blocking where the defender is prevented from moving
around the screen.
 Lane Violation - At the time of a free throw, if a player enters the lane
too soon, lane violation is said to have been committed. Usually the
penalty for lane violation results in a turnover or the other team
receives another free throw.
 Elbowing - This is when a player swings his or her elbows in a forceful,
excessive manner. The elbowing player makes contact with the
opponent at this point.
 Double Dribble – Dribbling the ball with both hands on the ball at the
same time or picking up the driblle and then dribbling again is a double
dribble.
 Carrying/Palming- when a player dribbles the ball with his hand too far
to the side or sometimes, even under the ball.
 Backcourt Violation- once the offense has brought the ball across the
mid-court line, they cannot go back across the line during possession.
If they do, the ball is awarded to the other team to pass inbounds.
 PLAYER POSITIONS
Center. Centers are generally your tallest players. They generally are
positioned near the basket.
Offensive. The center’s goal is to get open for a pass and to shoot.
They are also responsible for blocking defenders, known as picking or
screening, to open other players up for driving to the basket for a goal.
Centers are expected to get some offensive rebounds and put-backs.
Defensive. On defense, the center’s main responsibility is to keep
opponents from shooting by blocking shots and passes in the key area. They
are also expected to get a lot of rebounds because they’re taller.
Forward. Your next tallest players will most likely be your forwards. While a
forward may be called upon to play under the hoop, they may also be
required to operate in the wings and corner areas.
Offensive. Forwards are responsible to get free for a pass, take outside
shots, drive for goals, and rebound.
Defensive. Responsibilities include preventing drives to the goal and
rebounding.
Guard. These are potentially your shortest players and they should be really
good at dribbling fast, seeing the court and passing. It is their job to bring
the ball down the court and set up offensive plays.
Offensive. Dribbling, passing and setting up offensive plays are a
guard’s main responsibility. They also need to be able to drive to the basket
and to shoot from the perimeter.
Defensive. On defense, a guard is responsible for stealing passes,
contesting shots, preventing drives to the hoop and for boxing out.