Term Translati Explanation Reference

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1. androgyny androginie In Gothic literature, to be Virginia Woolf - A
androgynous is to be neither Room of One’s Own
specifically masculine nor
feminine thus creating an
amorphous character with an
ambiguous sexual orientation.
Some authors combine the
biological and social definitions
of androgyny in the
characterization of their
characters.
2. blank verse rimă albă A verse without rhyme, John Milton - Paradise
especially that which uses Lost
iambic pentameters.
3. Celtic renașterea It was a unfolding of Irish William Butler Yeats –
Renaissance celtică literary talent in the late 19th The Second Coming
and early 20th century. It was
closely allied with a strong
political nationalism and a
revival of interest in Ireland’s
Gaelic literary heritage.
4. drama of ideas dramă de idei Also the drama of social George Bernard Shaw –
criticism depicts a number of Pygmalion
contemporary problems and “If you can’t appreciate
evils are subjected to discussion what you’ve got, you’d
and searching examinations and better get what you can
criticism in these plays. appreciate.”
5. dystopia distopie A society characterized by George Orwell -1984
human misery, as squalor, Aldous Huxley – Brave
oppression, disease, and New World
overcrowding.
6. Edwardian era era The Edwardian era or John Galsworthy –
edwardiană Edwardian period of British Forsyte Saga
history covers the brief reign of H.G. Wells - A Modern
King Edward VII, 1901 to Utopia (1905)
1910, and is sometimes
extended to the start of the First
World War. was known for
elegance and luxury among the
rich and powerful in Britain but
also for moral looseness and for
a general failure to prepare for
some of the challenges of the
20th century.
7. experimental roman It is one that breaks the James Joyce - Ulysses
novel experimental conventions of its time; what is
experimental at one juncture
may be considered mainstream
at another. Many techniques
that were once radical (stream
of consciousness, multiple
 narrative lines, stories within
stories, or an unreliable
narrator) are now part of the
accepted techniques of writing.
8. free verse vers alb Poetry that does not rhyme or “When I Heard The
have a regular rhythm. Learn’d Astronomer” by
Walt Whitman
9. Georgian Poetry poezia It is a variety of lyrical poetry Robert Graves – Apples
georgiană produced in the early 20th and Waters
century by an assortment of
British poets, including
10. imagism imagism A group of poets in England Ezra Pound - Des
and America between 1909 and Imagistes
1917 who believed that poetry
should employ the language of
common speech, create new
rhythms, have complete
freedom in subject matter, and
present a clear, concentrated,
and precise image.
11. logopoeia logopoeia One of Ezra Pound's three kinds William Carlos
of poetry, consisting of the use Williams - The Red
of words for more than their Wheelbarrow
denotation, taking advantage of
the context associated with a
word.
12. melopoeia melopoeia The words are charged, over T.S. Elliot – The Waste
and above their plain meaning, Land
with some musical property,
which directs the bearing or
trend of that meaning.
13. modern novel roman The features of the novel are: James Joyce – Ulysses
modern interest in the man and psyche, “History, Stephen said,
subjective time, no is a nightmare from
chronological order, stream of which I am trying to
consciousness. awake.”
14. modernist poetry poezie Some of the features are: „The brown waves of fog toss
modernistă stream of consciousness, free up to me
Twisted faces from the
verse, and the preference for bottom of the street,
suggestion or ambiguity of And tear from a passer-by
ideas. with muddy skirts
An aimless smile that hovers
in the air
And vanishes along the level
of the roofs.” by T.S. Elliot
15. omniscient narator It is a literary technique of John Galsworty –
narrator omniscient writing a narrative in third Forsyte Saga
person, in which the narrator
knows the feelings and thoughts
of every character in the story.
16. paradox paradox It is a statement that appears to “What a pity that youth
be self-contradictory or silly, must be wasted on the
but which may include a latent young.” – George
 truth. It is also used to illustrate
an opinion or statement
contrary to accepted traditional
ideas.
17. phanopoeia phanopoeia Poundian term to describe a
poem which relies upon
'throwing a visual image on the
mind'.
18. poem poem A composition in verse,
especially one that is
characterized by a highly
developed artistic form and by
the use of heightened language
and rhythm to express an
intensely imaginative
interpretation of the subject.
19. pun joc de It is a play on words that
cuvinte produces a humorous effect by
using a word that suggests two
or more meanings, or by
exploiting similar sounding
words that have different
meanings.
20. saga novel saga Any of several medieval prose
narratives written in Iceland
and recounting the exploits of a
hero or a family
21. science fiction poveşti Fiction based on imagined
ştiinţifico- future scientific or
fantastice technological advances and
major social or environmental
changes, frequently portraying
space or time travel and life on
other planets.
22. sonnet sonet A poem, properly expressive of
a single, complete thought,
idea, or sentiment, of 14 lines,
usually in iambic pentameter,
with rhymes arranged
according to one of certain
definite schemes
Bernard Shaw
Ezra Pound, Catullus
„Wine comes in at the
mouth
And love comes in at the
eye;
That’s all we shall know
for truth
Before we grow old and
die.
I lift the glass to my
mouth,
I look at you, and I sigh.”
A Drinking Song by W.B.
Yeats
„If you see kay
Tell him he may
See you in tea
Tell him from me.” by
James Joyce
„When a Forsyte was
engaged, married, or
born, the Forsytes were
present; when a Forsyte
diedbut no Forsyte had
as yet died; they did not
die; death being contrary
to their principles...” J.
Galsworthy
H. G. Wells – The
Invisible Man
„A sudden blow: the great
wings beating still
Above the staggering girl,
her thighs caressed
By the dark webs, her nape
caught in his bill,
He holds her helpless
breast upon his breast. „
Leda and the Swan by
W.B. Yeats
23. stream of fluxul It refers to the experiments by
consciousness conștiinței Joyce, where the fragmentary
nature of thioughts is
reproduced making it very
difficult to follow. The
character’s thoughts flow
freely, not interrupted by
external events.
24. traditional novel roman The features of the novel are
tradițional interest in society and outward
actions, chronological time,
omniscient narrator, didactic
aim.
25. utopia utopie an ideal place or state; any
visionary system of political or
social perfection.
Mrs. Dalloway by
Virginia Woolf
J. Galsworthy – The
Man of Property
„The Forsytes were
resentful of something,
not individually, but as a
family; this resentment
expressed itself in an
added perfection of
raiment, an exuberance
of family cordiality, an
exaggeration of family
importance, and the
sniff.”
H. G. Wells – A Modern
Utopia