• Operations:

"Y" Type Automatic Transfer Switch.............................................................(p3)

"W" Type Automatic Transfer Switch............................................................(p9)
"Wn" Type Automatic Transfer Switch..........................................................(p15)
 OPERATION OF A “Y” TYPE TRANSFER SWITCH

Utility Power Available

1. Rated utility source voltage is available to the transfer switch terminal lugs N1, N2,

N3 (N4 if so equipped), through the closed main contacts to the load terminals T1,

T2, T3 (T4 if so equipped). N1 and N2 also go to TR3, which is stepped down to

approximately a 10 to 1 ratio. From the secondary side of TR3, wire 264 goes to the

In Phase Monitor as a reference for an in phase transfer when going from generator

back to utility.

2. Rated utility source voltage is available to the transfer switch terminals A1 (wire 126

from position 7 on the Transfer Relay (TR), which is the other side of the normally

closed contact wire 125 on position 1 of TR. Wire 125 is on the Maintenance

Disconnect Switch (SW1) which is connected to N1 on SW1 when in the Automatic

position) and A2 (wire N2). However, the limit switches (LS1 and LS2) are open at

this point and are closed to B1 (wire 107) and B2 (wire E2), which are waiting for the

generator voltage to transfer the switch when a utility loss occurs.

3. From the load terminals T1 and T2, rated utility source voltage is delivered to the

primary winding of the load transformer (TR2). This voltage is then stepped down to

an approximate 10 to 1 ratio. This reduced voltage is then delivered to the 7-day

exerciser via wires 185 and 0. Wires 185 and 0 are used to operate the timing circuit

(clock) of the exerciser that runs whenever programmed to do so. A nine-volt battery

is used to power the 7-day exerciser when these terminals do not have power (loss of

utility or when the transfer mechanism is in the neutral position).

4. From N1, N2 and N3, rated utility source voltage is delivered to the Utility Sensing

Interface Board (USI). Transformers then step down this voltage to approximately

18 to 50 VAC, depending on where the voltage is read. This voltage is sent to the

Utility Voltage Sensing Printed Circuit Board (UVS) via wires 224, 225, 226 and

227.

5. If voltage is present on wires 224, 225, 226 and 227, the system takes no action,

unless exercise or a normal or fast test is performed. See notes.

Utility Power Loss

1. The Voltage Dropout Sensor constantly monitors the reduced utility voltage. If this

voltage drops below the set value, the Line Interrupt Delay Timer starts timing. If

utility voltage DOES NOT return before this timer times out, the UVS closes the two

wire start (wires 177 and 178). At the same time, wires 199 and 202 open, delivering

10 to 12 VDC to the In Phase Monitor Printed Circuit Board (IMPCB), which is

used to inform the IMPCB that utility is below the preset value.

2. When the two wire start circuit is closed, that signal is sent to the generator’s panel

(wires 178 and 183) to initiate an automatic start. The generator then starts to crank

IF the generator is set to AUTO and there is no break in 178 and 183 (SW1 is set to

the manual position, the lower harness in the generator is disconnected, 178 or 183 is

not connected within the system).

3. Once the generator starts, rated standby voltage is delivered to transfer switch

terminal lugs E1, E2, E3 (E4 if so equipped). Rated standby voltage is also sent to

TR1, which then is then stepped down to an approximate 10 to 1 ratio. This reduced
 voltage is sent to the Standby Operating lamp (wire 191), which illuminates the light

and to the IMPCB (wires 191 and 266), which turns on the IMPCB.

4. The Engine Minimum Run starts to time, the Engine Warm Up timer begins, if not

bypassed, and both Standby Voltage and Standby Frequency setting percentages are

looked at.

5. A 12 VDC signal is delivered to wire 194 on the TR Coil. Once the timers are met

(see above), the IMPCB will then pull wire 23 low (to ground), powering the TR

coil.

6. If the Time Delay Neutral is selected, there is a Time Delay (TD) Relay that also

uses wire 194. Wire 193 acts like wire 23 in the sense that when the transfer

mechanism goes to neutral, it will activate the TD and actuate the normally open

contacts to the closed position and bypass LS 3 and go to a resistor via wires 187 and

189. The main solenoid coil (C) will be electrically held for the duration that is

selected on the IMPCB. Once this timer expires, wire 193 goes high again (about 10

to 12 VDC, with reference to wire 202).

7. Once the TR coil is energized from wire 23 going low, voltage from wire 108 (9 on

TR) can now go through via wire 107 (6 on TR) to B1 on the transfer mechanism.

E2 has a direct path to B2 on the transfer mechanism. This voltage can now go

through the limit switches and energize the coil to actuate the mechanism for transfer

to Standby power. When the mechanism is in the neutral position, LS 3 is open so

that if there are two sources available, they do not cross.

8. Once the load is being powered by Standby, LS1 and LS2 are now closed to A1 and

A2, so that when utility is restored, utility can power the coil to go back to the normal

load.

9. The utility auxiliary contact moves to the normally open side and powers the

emergency position lamp through wire 147.

Utility Return

1. When Utility returns, voltage is on N1, N2, N3 (N4 if so equipped) and delivered to

the UVS via wires 224, 225, 226 and 227. If this reduced voltage is above the

Voltage Pick Up Sensor percentage, wire 199 is then closed by wire 202, which is the

signal to the IMPCB that utility has returned. The IMPCB then takes over for the

two-wire start and the Return to Utility Timer starts. Once this timer times out, the

retransfer back to normal source will be initiated.

2. When all timers have been met, the IMPCB then opens wire 23, de-energizing the

TR coil, allowing utility voltage to actuate the coil via wire 125 (1 on TR) to wire

126 (7 on TR) on A1 and N2 on A2. This allows voltage to go through the limit

switches to energize C (LS 3 opens in the neutral position) and switch the main

contacts back to utility powering the load. Once the coil de-energizes, the limit

switches close to B1 and B2 to wait for the next action (loss of utility).

3. The auxiliary contact on the utility side then goes back to its normally closed

position, which de-energizes the Emergency light and illuminates the Utility light via

wire 148.

4. The Engine Cool down timer is active now for the duration that has been selected.

Once this timer times out, 178 opens from ground and shuts down the generator.
NOTES:

• When the unit is exercising (177 is closed to ground via 178), wire 198 on the 7-Day

Exerciser opens from 202 and delivers 10 to 12 VDC to the IMPCB. This tells the

IMPCB that the generator is on for its exercise period.

• Placing the Operating Mode switch in the Normal Test mode will run the system as

if a Utility loss has occurred, even though Utility is available. This test goes through

the normal timers and runs for that duration of time. The IMPCB knows it is in a

Normal Test mode due to wire 203 going low.

• If a Fast Test is selected, the switch must be held down, as this part of the switch is

spring loaded. This will start the generator and transfer to standby within five

seconds, bypassing all timers. Once the switch is released, the unit will shut down

after the transfer back to Utility has occurred. The IMPCB knows it is in a Fast Test

due to wire 201 going low.

 OPERATION OF A “W” TYPE TRANSFER SWITCH

Utility Power Available

1. Rated utility source voltage is available to the transfer switch terminal lugs N1, N2,

N3 (N4 if so equipped), through the closed main contacts to the load terminals T1,

T2, T3 (T4 if so equipped). N1 and N2 also go to TR3, which is stepped down to

approximately a 10 to 1 ratio. From the secondary side of TR3, wire 264 goes to the

In Phase Monitor as a reference for an in phase transfer when going from generator

back to utility.

2. Rated utility source voltage is available to the transfer switch terminals A1 (wire 126

from position 7 on the Transfer Relay (TR), which is the other side of the normally

closed contact wire 125 on position 1 of TR. Wire 125 is on the Maintenance

Disconnect Switch (SW1) which is connected to N1 on SW1 when in the Automatic

position) and A2 (wire N2). However, the limit switches (M1 and M2) are open at

this point and are closed to B1 (wire 107) and B2 (wire E2), which are waiting for the

generator voltage to transfer the switch when a utility loss occurs.

3. From the load terminals T1 and T2, rated utility source voltage is delivered to the

primary winding of the load transformer (TR2). This voltage is then stepped down to

approximately a 10 to 1 ratio. This reduced voltage is then delivered to the 7-day

exerciser via wires 185 and 0. Wires 185 and 0 are used to operate the timing circuit

(clock) of the exerciser that runs whenever programmed to do so. A nine-volt battery

is used to power the 7-day exerciser when these terminals do not have power (loss of

utility or when the transfer mechanism is in the neutral position).

4. From N1, N2 and N3, rated utility source voltage is delivered to the Utility Sensing

Interface Board (USI). Transformers then step down this voltage to approximately 18

to 50 VAC, depending on where the voltage is read. This voltage is sent to the Utility

Voltage Sensing Printed Circuit Board (UVS) via wires 224, 225, 226 and 227.

5. If voltage is present on wires 224, 225, 226 and 227, the system takes no action,

unless exercise or a normal or fast test is performed. See notes.

Utility Power Loss

1. The Voltage Dropout Sensor constantly monitors the reduced utility voltage. If this

voltage drops below the set value, the Line Interrupt Delay Timer starts timing. If

utility voltage DOES NOT return before this timer times out, the UVS closes the two

wire start (wires 177 and 178). At the same time, wires 199 and 202 open, delivering

10 to 12 VDC to the In Phase Monitor Printed Circuit Board (IMPCB), which is used

to inform the IMPCB that utility is below the preset value.

2. When the two wire start circuit is closed, that signal is sent to the generator’s panel

(wires 178 and 183) to initiate an automatic start. The generator then starts to crank

IF the generator is set to AUTO and there is no break in 178 and 183 (SW1 is set to

the manual position, the lower harness in the generator is disconnected, 178 or 183 is

not connected within the system).

3. Once the generator starts, rated standby voltage is delivered to transfer switch

terminal lugs E1, E2, E3 (E4 if so equipped). Rated standby voltage is also sent to

TR1, which then is then stepped down to an approximate 10 to 1 ratio. This reduced

voltage is sent to the “Standby Operating” lamp (wire 191), which illuminates the

light and to the IMPCB (wires 191 and 266), which turns on the IMPCB.
4. The “Engine Minimum Run” starts to time, the “Engine Warm Up” timer begins, if

not bypassed and both “Standby Voltage” and “Standby Frequency” setting

percentages are looked at.

5. A 12 VDC signal is delivered to wire 194 on the TR Coil. Once the timers are met

(see above), the IMPCB will then pull wire 23 low (to ground), powering the TR coil.

6. If the Time Delay Neutral is selected, there is a Time Delay (TD) Relay that also uses

wire 194. Wire 193 acts like wire 23 in the sense that when the transfer mechanism

goes to neutral, it will activate the TD and actuates the normally open contacts to the

closed position and bypasses TD1 and TD2 and go to a resistor via wires 187 and

189. The main solenoid coil (C) will be electrically held for the duration that is

selected on the IMPCB. Once this timer expires, wire 193 goes high again (about 10

to 12 VDC, with reference to wire 202).

7. Once the TR coil is energized from wire 23 going low, voltage from wire 108 (9 on

TR) can now go through via wire 107 (6 on TR) to B1 on the transfer mechanism. E2

has a direct path to B2 on the transfer mechanism. This voltage can now go through

the limit switches and energize the coil to actuate the mechanism for transfer to

Standby power. When the mechanism is in the neutral position, TD1 and TD2 open

so that if there are two sources available, they do not cross.

8. Once the Load is being powered by Standby, M1 and M2 are now closed to A1 and

A2, so that when Utility is restored, Utility can power the coil to go back to the

Normal load.

9. The utility auxiliary contact moves to the normally open side and powers the

Emergency Position lamp through wire 147.

Utility Return

1. When Utility returns, voltage is on N1, N2, N3 (N4 if so equipped) and delivered to

the UVS via wires 224, 225, 226 and 227. If this reduced voltage is above the

Voltage Pick Up Sensor percentage, wire 199 is then closed by wire 202, which is the

signal to the IMPCB that utility has returned. The IMPCB then takes over for the

two-wire start and the Return to Utility Timer starts. Once this timer times out, the

retransfer back to normal source is initiated.

2. When all timers have been met, the IMPCB then opens wire 23, de-energizing the TR

coil, allowing utility voltage to actuate the coil via wire 125 (1 on TR) to wire 126 (7

on TR) on A1 and N2 on A2. This allows voltage to go through the limit switches to

energize the coil (TD1 and TD2 open in the neutral position) and switch the main

contacts back to utility powering the load. Once the coil de-energizes, the limit

switches close to B1 and B2 to wait for the next action (loss of utility).

3. The auxiliary contact on the utility side then goes back to its normally closed

position, which de-energizes the “Emergency” light and illuminates the “Utility” light

via wire 148.

4. The Engine Cool down timer is active now for the duration that has been selected.

Once this timer times out, 178 opens from ground and shuts down the generator.

NOTES:

• When the unit is exercising (177 is closed to ground via 178), wire 198 on the 7-Day

Exerciser opens from 202 and delivers 10 to 12 VDC to the IMPCB. This tells the

IMPCB that the generator is on for its exercise period.

• Placing the Operating Mode switch in the Normal Test mode will run the system as if

a Utility loss has occurred, even though Utility is available. This test goes through

the normal timers and runs for that duration of time. The IMPCB knows it is in a

Normal Test mode due to wire 203 going low.

• If a Fast Test is selected, the switch must be held down, as this part of the switch is

spring loaded. This will start the generator and transfer to standby within five

seconds, bypassing all timers. Once the switch is released, the unit will shut down

after the transfer back to Utility has occurred. The IMPCB knows it is in a Fast Test

due to wire 201 going low.

 OPERATION OF A “Wn” TYPE TRANSFER SWITCH

UTILITY PRESENT

1. Rated utility source voltage is available to the transfer switch terminal lugs N1, N2,

N3 (N4 if so equipped), through the closed main contacts to the load terminals T1,

T2, T3 (T4 if so equipped). N1 and N2 also go to TR3, which is stepped down to

approximately a 10 to 1 ratio. From the secondary side of TR3, wire 264 goes to the

In Phase Monitor as a reference for an in phase transfer when going from generator

back to utility.

2. Rated utility source voltage is available to the transfer switch terminals A1 (wires 233

from position 3 on the Time Delay Neutral Relay (TD) and 126 from position 7 on

the Transfer Relay (TR) to position 9 on TD. Wire 125 (position 1 on TR) is

connected to the Maintenance Disconnect Switch (SW1), which is connect to N1 on

SW1) and A2 (wire N2), but cannot get to the Closing Coil (C) due to AX being

open. Rated utility source voltage is also present on BT1 (wire 126) and BT2 (wire

N2), but cannot get to the Trip Coil (TC) due to BTS1 and BTS2 being open.

3. From the load terminals T1 and T2, rated utility source voltage is delivered to the

primary winding of the load transformer (TR2). This voltage is then stepped down to

an approximate 10 to 1 ratio. Reduced voltage is then delivered to the 7-day exerciser

via wires 185 and 0. Wires 185 and 0 are used to operate the timing circuit (clock) of

the exerciser that runs whenever programmed to do so. A nine-volt battery is used to

power the 7-day exerciser when these terminals do not have power (loss of utility or

when ever the transfer mechanism is in the neutral position).

4. From N1, N2, and N3, rated utility source voltage is delivered to the Utility Sensing

Interface Board (USI). Transformers then step down this voltage to approximately 18

to 50 VAC, depending on where the voltage is read. This reduced voltage is then sent

to the Utility Voltage Sensing Printed Circuit Board (UVS), via wires 224, 225, 226

and 227.

5. If voltage is present on wires 224, 225, 226 and 227, the system takes no action,

unless exercise or a normal or a fast test is performed. See notes.

UTILITY POWER LOSS

1. The Voltage Dropout Sensor constantly monitors the reduced utility voltage. If this

voltage drops below the set value, the Line Interrupt Delay Timer starts timing. If

utility voltage DOES NOT return before this timer times out, the UVS closes the two

wire start (wires 177 and 178). At the same time, wires 199 and 202 open, delivering

10 to 12 VDC to the In Phase Monitor Printed Circuit Board (IMPCB), which is used

to inform the IMPCB that utility is below the preset value.

2. When the two wire start circuit is closed, that signal is sent to the generator’s panel

(wires 178 and 183) to initiate an automatic start. The generator then starts to crank

IF the generator is set to AUTO and there is no break in 178 and 183 (if SW1 is set to

the manual position, the lower harness in the generator is disconnected, 178 or 183 is

not connected within the system).

3. Once the generator starts, rated standby voltage is delivered to the transfer switch

terminal lugs E1, E2, E3 (E4 if so equipped). Rated standby voltage is also sent to

TR1, which is stepped down to an approximate 10 to 1 ratio. This reduced voltage is

 sent to the “Standby Operating” lamp (wire 191), which illuminates the light and to

the IMPCB (wires 191 and 266), which turns on the IMPCB.

4. The “Engine Minimum Run” starts to time, the “Engine Warm Up” timer begins, if

not bypassed and both “Standby Voltage” and “Standby Frequency” setting

percentages are looked at.

5. A 12 VDC signal is delivered to wire 194 on the TR coil. Once the timers are met

(see above), the IMPCB will pull wire 23 low (to ground), powering the TR coil.

6. If the Time Delay Neutral is selected, the TD relay also uses wire 194 for 12 VDC.

Wire 193 acts like wire 23 in the sense that when the transfer mechanism goes to

neutral, it will activate the TD and actuate the normally closed contacts to the open

position. This in turn, doesn’t allow standby voltage to the Select Coil (SC) for a

predetermined amount of time, adjustable on the IMPCB. Once the timer expires,

wire 193 then goes to its normal state, allowing standby voltage to move to the SC.

7. Once the TR coil is energized from wire 23 going low, standby voltage from wire 108

(9 on TR) can now go through via wire 107 (6 on TR) to AT1 on the transfer

mechanism. E2 has a direct path to AT2 on the transfer mechanism. Limit switches

ATS1 and ATS2 are in the closed position and allow standby voltage to energize the

TC. This then trips the mechanism to the neutral position.

8. With the transfer mechanism in the neutral position, limit switches AX and BX close.

With LS AX and BX closed, standby voltage from 234 (1 on TD) can get through to

B1 on the transfer mechanism to the SC. E2 has a direct path through B2 on the

transfer mechanism. These two voltages energize the SC. When this is done, both
 LS limit switches are pulled to the opposite position, allowing standby voltage to the

C. Once the SC de-energizes, the LS limit switches return to their normal position.

9. With standby voltage going to C, this electrically actuates the mechanism to the

Emergency Position. Limit switches AX and BX open, both LS’s return to their

normal position, ATS1 and ATS2 open and BTS1 and BTS2 close. Standby voltage

is now powering the load.

10. The utility auxiliary contact moves to the normally open side and powers the

Emergency Position lamp through wire 147.

Utility Return

1. When utility returns, voltage is on N1, N2, N3 (N4, if so equipped) and delivered to

the UVS via wires 224, 225, 226 and 227. If this reduced voltage is above the

Voltage Pick Up Sensor percentage, wire 199 is then closed by wire 202, which

signals to the IMPCB that utility has returned. The IMPCB then takes over for the

two-wire start and the Return to Utility Timer starts. Once this timer times out, the

retransfer back to normal source is initiated.

2. When all timers have been met, the IMPCB then opens wire 23, de-energizing the TR

coil, allowing utility voltage to actuate the TC via wire 125 (1 on TR) to wire 126 (7

on TR) on BT1 and N2 on BT2. When the TC trips the mechanism to the neutral

position, limit switches AX and BX close, BTS1 and BTS2 open and ATS1 and

ATS2 close, which wait for the loss of utility. Once that happens, utility source

voltage can get though via wire 125 (7 on TR) to wire 233 (through 9 to 3 on TR) to

A1 and N2 on A2. This voltage then gets through on the LS limit switches to C. This
 electrically actuates the transfer switch mechanism to the utility side contacts. When

this action is complete, limit switches AX and BX open.

3. The auxiliary contact on the utility side then goes back to its normally closed

position, which de-energizes the “Emergency” light and illuminates the “Utility” light

via wire 148.

4. The Engine Cool Down is active now for the duration that has been selected. Once

this timer times out, 178 opens from ground and shuts down the generator.

NOTES:

• When the unit is exercising (177 is closed to ground via 178), wire 198 on the 7-Day

Exerciser opens from 202 and delivers 10 to 12 VDC to the IMPCB. This tells the

IMPCB that the generator is on for its exercise period.

• Placing the Operating Mode switch in the Normal Test mode will run the system as if

a Utility loss has occurred, even though Utility is available. This test goes through

the normal timers and runs for that duration of time. The IMPCB knows it is in a

Normal Test mode due to wire 203 going low.

• If a Fast Test is selected, the switch must be held down, as this part of the switch is

spring loaded. This will start the generator and transfer to standby within five

seconds, bypassing all timers. Once the switch is released, the unit will shut down

after the transfer back to Utility has occurred. The IMPCB knows it is in a Fast Test

due to wire 201 going low.