EndNote As at 04 March 2020

TY - JOUR
TI - Recent advances in the detection of respiratory virus infection in humans

AU - Zhang, N.
AU - Wang, L.
AU - Deng, X.
AU - Liang, R.
AU - Su, M.
AU - He, C.
AU - Hu, L.
AU - Su, Y.
AU - Ren, J.
AU - Yu, F.
AU - Du, L.
AU - Jiang, S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Respiratory tract viral infection caused by viruses or bacteria is one of the
most common diseases in human worldwide, while those caused by emerging viruses,
such as the novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV that caused the pneumonia outbreak in
Wuhan, China most recently, have posed great threats to global public health.
Identification of the causative viral pathogens of respiratory tract viral
infections is important to select an appropriate treatment, save people's lives,
stop the epidemics, and avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics. Conventional
diagnostic tests, such as the assays for rapid detection of antiviral antibodies or
viral antigens, are widely used in many clinical laboratories. With the development
of modern technologies, new diagnostic strategies, including multiplex nucleic acid
amplification and microarray-based assays, are emerging. This review summarizes
currently available and novel emerging diagnostic methods for the detection of
common respiratory viruses, such as influenza virus, human respiratory syncytial
virus (RSV), coronavirus, human adenovirus (hAdV), and human rhinovirus (hRV).
Multiplex assays for simultaneous detection of multiple respiratory viruses are
also described. It is anticipated that such data will assist researchers and
clinicians to develop appropriate diagnostic strategies for timely and effective
detection of respiratory virus infections. This article is protected by copyright.
All rights reserved.
JO - Journal of medical virology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 31944312
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25674
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Pneumonia of Unknown Etiology in Wuhan, China: Potential for International
Spread Via Commercial Air Travel
AU - Bogoch, I. I.
AU - Watts, A.
AU - Thomas-Bachli, A.
AU - Huber, C.
AU - Kraemer, M. U. G.
AU - Khan, K.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - There is currently an outbreak of a pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan,
China. While there are still several unanswered questions, we evaluate the
potential for international dissemination of this disease via commercial air travel
should the outbreak continue.
JO - Journal of travel medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/jtm/taaa008
UR - http://www.embase.com/search/results?
subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630637437
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa008
https://watermark.silverchair.com/taaa008.pdf?
token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAAoYwggKCBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagg
gJzM
NS -
N1 - Jose Garnica (2020-01-29 23:40:16)(Included): ref1; elizabeth mumford (2020-
01-29 00:32:49)(Select): Epi; Fatima Serhan (2020-01-28 23:30:29)(Select): test-
Epi;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019
AU - Zhu, N.
AU - Zhang, D.
AU - Wang, W.
AU - Li, X.
AU - Yang, B.
AU - Song, J.
AU - Zhao, X.
AU - Huang, B.
AU - Shi, W.
AU - Lu, R.
AU - Niu, P.
AU - Zhan, F.
AU - Ma, X.
AU - Wang, D.
AU - Xu, W.
AU - Wu, G.
AU - Gao, G. F.
AU - Tan, W.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause was
linked to a seafood wholesale market in Wuhan, China. A previously unknown
betacoronavirus was discovered through the use of unbiased sequencing in samples
from patients with pneumonia. Human airway epithelial cells were used to isolate a
novel coronavirus, named 2019-nCoV, which formed another clade within the subgenus
sarbecovirus, Orthocoronavirinae subfamily. Different from both MERS-CoV and SARS-
CoV, 2019-nCoV is the seventh member of the family of coronaviruses that infect
humans. Enhanced surveillance and further investigation are ongoing. (Funded by the
National Key Research and Development Program of China and the National Major
Project for Control and Prevention of Infectious Disease in China.).
JO - The New England journal of medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 31978945
DO - 10.1056/NEJMoa2001017
UR - https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMoa2001017?articleTools=true
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A Novel Coronavirus Emerging in China - Key Questions for Impact Assessment
AU - Munster, V. J.
AU - Koopmans, M.
AU - van Doremalen, N.
AU - van Riel, D.
AU - de Wit, E.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 31978293
DO - 10.1056/NEJMp2000929
UR - https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMp2000929?articleTools=true
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Molecular mechanism for antibody-dependent enhancement of coronavirus entry
AU - Wan, Y.
AU - Shang, J.
AU - Sun, S.
AU - Tai, W.
AU - Chen, J.
AU - Geng, Q.
AU - He, L.
AU - Chen, Y.
AU - Wu, J.
AU - Shi, Z.
AU - Zhou, Y.
AU - Du, L.
AU - Li, F.
PY - 2019
PD -
N2 - Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral entry has been a major concern
for epidemiology, vaccine development and antibody-based drug therapy. However, the
molecular mechanism behind ADE is still elusive. Coronavirus spike protein mediates
viral entry into cells by first binding to a receptor on host cell surface and then
fusing viral and host membranes. Here we investigated how a neutralizing monoclonal
antibody (mAb), which targets the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of MERS coronavirus
spike, mediates viral entry using pseudovirus entry and biochemical assays. Our
results showed that mAb binds to the virus-surface spike, allowing it to undergo
conformational changes and become prone to proteolytic activation. Meanwhile, mAb
binds to cell-surface IgG Fc receptor, guiding viral entry through canonical viral-
receptor-dependent pathways. Our data suggest that the antibody/Fc-receptor complex
functionally mimics viral receptor in mediating viral entry. Moreover, we
characterized mAb dosages in viral-receptor-dependent, antibody-dependent, and
both-receptors-dependent entry pathways, delineating guidelines on mAb usages in
treating viral infections. Our study reveals a novel molecular mechanism for
antibody-enhanced viral entry and can guide future vaccination and antiviral
strategies.Significance Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral entry has
been observed for many viruses. It was shown that antibodies target one serotype of
viruses but only sub-neutralize another, leading to ADE of the latter viruses. Here
we identify a novel mechanism for ADE: a neutralizing antibody binds to the virus-
surface spike protein of coronaviruses like a viral receptor, triggers a
conformational change of the spike, and mediates viral entry into IgG-Fc-receptor-
expressing cells through canonical viral-receptor-dependent pathways. We further
evaluated how antibody dosages impacted viral entry into cells expressing viral
receptor, Fc receptor, or both receptors. This study reveals complex roles of
antibodies in viral entry and can guide future vaccine design and antibody-based
drug therapy.
JO - Journal of virology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1128/JVI.02015-19
subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630180408 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02015-
19 https://jvi.asm.org/content/early/2019/12/05/JVI.02015-19
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Homologous recombination within the spike glycoprotein of the newly
identified coronavirus may boost cross-species transmission from snake to human
AU - Ji, W.
AU - Wang, W.
AU - Zhao, X.
AU - Zai, J.
AU - Li, X.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The current outbreak of viral pneumonia in the city of Wuhan, China, was
caused by a novel coronavirus designated 2019-nCoV by the World Health
Organization, as determined by sequencing the viral RNA genome. Many patients were
potentially exposed to wildlife animals at the Huanan seafood wholesale market,
where poultry, snake, bats, and other farm animals were also sold. To determine the
possible virus reservoir, we have carried out comprehensive sequence analysis and
comparison in conjunction with relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) bias among
different animal species based on existing sequences of the newly identified
coronavirus 2019-nCoV. Results obtained from our analyses suggest that the 2019-
nCoV appears to be a recombinant virus between the bat coronavirus and an origin-
unknown coronavirus. The recombination occurred within the viral spike
glycoprotein, which recognizes cell surface receptor. Additionally, our findings
suggest that snake is the most probable wildlife animal reservoir for the 2019-nCoV
based on its RSCU bias resembling snake compared to other animals. Taken together,
our results suggest that homologous recombination within the spike glycoprotein may
contribute to cross-species transmission from snake to humans. This article is
protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 31967321
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25682
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus
indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster
AU - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
AU - Yuan, Shuofeng
AU - Kok, Kin-Hang
AU - To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
AU - Chu, Hin
AU - Yang, Jin
AU - Xing, Fanfan
AU - Liu, Jieling
AU - Yip, Cyril Chik-Yan
AU - Poon, Rosana Wing-Shan
AU - Tsoi, Hoi-Wah
AU - Lo, Simon Kam-Fai
AU - Chan, Kwok-Hung
AU - Poon, Vincent Kwok-Man
AU - Chan, Wan-Mui
AU - Ip, Jonathan Daniel
AU - Cai, Jian-Piao
AU - Cheng, Vincent Chi-Chung
AU - Chen, Honglin
AU - Hui, Christopher Kim-Ming
AU - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
PY -
PD -
N2 - BackgroundAn ongoing outbreak of pneumonia associated with a novel
coronavirus was reported in Wuhan city, Hubei province, China. Affected patients
were geographically linked with a local wet market as a potential source. No data
on person-to-person or nosocomial transmission have been published to date.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9
UR - https://teams.microsoft.com/l/file/F8B7FBC5-C0BC-449D-B8C9-AB76C8E70B10?
tenantId=f610c0b7-bd24-4b39-810b-3dc280afb590&fileType=pdf&objectUrl=https%3A%2F
%2Fworldhealthorg.sharepoint.com%2Fsites%2FLibraryCoronavirus2019CoV%2FShared
%20Documents%2FGeneral%2FC
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Epitope-based peptide vaccine design and target site depiction against Middle
East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus: An immune-informatics study
AU - Tahir Ul Qamar, M.
AU - Saleem, S.
AU - Ashfaq, U. A.
AU - Bari, A.
AU - Anwar, F.
AU - Alqahtani, S.
PY - 2019
PD -
N2 - Background: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-COV) is the
main cause of lung and kidney infections in developing countries such as Saudi
Arabia and South Korea. This infectious single-stranded, positive (+) sense RNA
virus enters the host by binding to dipeptidyl-peptide receptors. Since no vaccine
is yet available for MERS-COV, rapid case identification, isolation, and infection
prevention strategies must be used to combat the spreading of MERS-COV infection.
Additionally, there is a desperate need for vaccines and antiviral strategies.
Methods: The present study used immuno-informatics and computational approaches to
identify conserved B-and T cell epitopes for the MERS-COV spike (S) protein that
may perform a significant role in eliciting the resistance response to MERS-COV
infection. Results: Many conserved cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes and
discontinuous and linear B-cell epitopes were predicted for the MERS-COV S protein,
and their antigenicity and interactions with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B7
allele were estimated. Among B-cell epitopes, QLQMGFGITVQYGT displayed the highest
antigenicity-score, and was immensely immunogenic. Among T-cell epitopes, MHC
class-I peptide YKLQPLTFL and MHC class-II peptide YCILEPRSG were identified as
highly antigenic. Furthermore, docking analyses revealed that the predicted
peptides engaged in strong bonding with the HLA-B7 allele. Conclusion: The present
study identified several MERS-COV S protein epitopes that are conserved among
various isolates from different countries. The putative antigenic epitopes may
prove effective as novel vaccines for eradication and combating of MERS-COV
infection.
JO - Journal of Translational Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL - 17
IS - 1
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1186/s12967-019-2116-8
subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L629780505 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12967-
019-2116-8 https://translational-
medicine.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12967-019-2116-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of 99 Cases of 2019-Novel
Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia in Wuhan, China
AU - Chen, Nanshan and Zhou, Min and Dong, Xuan and Qu, Jieming and Gong, Fengyun
and Han, Yang and Qiu, Yang and Wang, Jingli and Liu, Ying and Wei, Yuan and Xia,
Jia'an and Yu, Ting and Zhang, Xinxin and Zhang, Li,
PY -
PD -
N2 -
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 26 p.
SP - 26 p.
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3523861
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emerging understandings of 2019-nCoV
AU - The Lancet
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 31986259
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30186-0
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31986259
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Early Transmissibility Assessment of a Novel Coronavirus in Wuhan, China
AU - Majumder, Maimuna and Mandl, Kenneth D.
PY -
PD -
N2 - Between December 1, 2019 and January 26, 2020, nearly 3000 cases of
respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus originating in Wuhan, China have
been reported. In this short analysis, we combine publicly available cumulative
case data from the ongoing outbreak with phenomenological modeling methods to
conduct an early transmissibility assessment. Our model suggests that the basic
reproduction number associated with the outbreak (at time of writing) may range
from 2.0 to 3.1. Though these estimates are preliminary and subject to change, they
are consistent with previous findings regarding the transmissibility of the related
SARS-Coronavirus and indicate the possibility of epidemic potential.
JO - SSRN
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 7 p.
SP - 7 p.
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3524675
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan,
China
AU - Huang, C.
AU - Wang, Y.
AU - Li, X.
AU - Ren, L.
AU - Zhao, J.
AU - Hu, Y.
AU - Zhang, L.
AU - Fan, G.
AU - Xu, J.
AU - Gu, X.
AU - Cheng, Z.
AU - Yu, T.
AU - Xia, J.
AU - Wei, Y.
AU - Wu, W.
AU - Xie, X.
AU - Yin, W.
AU - Li, H.
AU - Liu, M.
AU - Xiao, Y.
AU - Gao, H.
AU - Guo, L.
AU - Xie, J.
AU - Wang, G.
AU - Jiang, R.
AU - Gao, Z.
AU - Jin, Q.
AU - Wang, J.
AU - Cao, B.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A recent cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, China, was caused by a novel
betacoronavirus, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). We report the
epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics and
treatment and clinical outcomes of these patients.|All patients with suspected
2019-nCoV were admitted to a designated hospital in Wuhan. We prospectively
collected and analysed data on patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV
infection by real-time RT-PCR and next-generation sequencing. Data were obtained
with standardised data collection forms shared by the International Severe Acute
Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium from electronic medical records.
Researchers also directly communicated with patients or their families to ascertain
epidemiological and symptom data. Outcomes were also compared between patients who
had been admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and those who had not.|By Jan 2,
2020, 41 admitted hospital patients had been identified as having laboratory-
confirmed 2019-nCoV infection. Most of the infected patients were men (30 [73%] of
41); less than half had underlying diseases (13 [32%]), including diabetes (eight
[20%]), hypertension (six [15%]), and cardiovascular disease (six [15%]). Median
age was 49·0 years (IQR 41·0-58·0). 27 (66%) of 41 patients had been exposed to
Huanan seafood market. One family cluster was found. Common symptoms at onset of
illness were fever (40 [98%] of 41 patients), cough (31 [76%]), and myalgia or
fatigue (18 [44%]); less common symptoms were sputum production (11 [28%] of 39),
headache (three [8%] of 38), haemoptysis (two [5%] of 39), and diarrhoea (one [3%]
of 38). Dyspnoea developed in 22 (55%) of 40 patients (median time from illness
onset to dyspnoea 8·0 days [IQR 5·0-13·0]). 26 (63%) of 41 patients had
lymphopenia. All 41 patients had pneumonia with abnormal findings on chest CT.
Complications included acute respiratory distress syndrome (12 [29%]), RNAaemia
(six [15%]), acute cardiac injury (five [12%]) and secondary infection (four
[10%]). 13 (32%) patients were admitted to an ICU and six (15%) died. Compared with
non-ICU patients, ICU patients had higher plasma levels of IL2, IL7, IL10, GSCF,
IP10, MCP1, MIP1A, and TNFα.|The 2019-nCoV infection caused clusters of severe
respiratory illness similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and
was associated with ICU admission and high mortality. Major gaps in our knowledge
of the origin, epidemiology, duration of human transmission, and clinical spectrum
of disease need fulfilment by future studies.|Ministry of Science and Technology,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China,
and Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission.
JO - Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 31986264
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
NS -
N1 - elizabeth mumford (2020-02-15 02:01:17)(Included): linked to #840;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Characterization of novel monoclonal antibodies against MERS-coronavirus
spike protein
AU - Goo, J.
AU - Jeong, Y.
AU - Park, Y. S.
AU - Yang, E.
AU - Jung, D. I.
AU - Rho, S.
AU - Park, U.
AU - Sung, H.
AU - Park, P. G.
AU - Choi, J. A.
AU - Seo, S. H.
AU - Cho, N. H.
AU - Lee, H.
AU - Lee, J. M.
AU - Kim, J. O.
AU - Song, M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes severe
pulmonary infection, with approximately 35% mortality. Spike glycoprotein (S) of
MERS-CoV is a key target for vaccines and therapeutics because S mediates viral
entry and membrane-fusion to host cells. Here, four different S subunit proteins,
receptor-binding domain (RBD; 358-606 aa), S1 (1-751 aa), S2 (752-1296 aa), and
SDeltaTM (1-1296 aa), were generated using the baculoviral system and immunized in
mice to develop neutralizing antibodies. We developed 77 hybridomas and selected
five neutralizing mAbs by immunization with SDeltaTM against MERS-CoV EMC/2012
strain S-pseudotyped lentivirus. However, all five mAbs did not neutralize the
pseudotyped V534A mutation. Additionally, one mAb RBD-14F8 did not show
neutralizing activity against pseudoviruses with amino acid substitution of L506 F
or D509 G (England1 strain, EMC/2012 L506 F, and EMC/2012 D509 G), and RBD-43E4 mAb
could not neutralize the pseudotyped I529 T mutation, while three other
neutralizing mAbs showed broad neutralizing activity. This implies that the
mutation in residue 506-509, 529, and 534 of S is critical to generate
neutralization escape variants of MERS-CoV. Interestingly, all five neutralizing
mAbs have binding affinity to RBD, although most mAbs generated by RBD did not have
neutralizing activity. Additionally, chimeric antibodies of RBD-14F8 and RBD-43E4
with human Fc and light chain showed neutralizing effect against wild type MERS-CoV
KOR/KNIH/002, similar to the original mouse mAbs. Thus, our mAbs can be utilized
for the identification of specific mutations of MERS-CoV.
JO - Virus research
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 197863
SP - 197863
EP -
AN - 31945421
DO - 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.197863
UR - https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/271060/1-s2.0-S0168170220X00025/1-s2.0-
S0168170219307506/main.pdf?X-Amz-Security-
Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJHMEUCIQDOp1keGN6lRzr8i9oV1Y3Z5fCNaVp8YK1SI
5KdcVGH4wIgCXTDcL00g8E1B0gu5ydVeu7p301vtqwDGAQUqu8%2Fq%
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Antigen Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detecting Middle East
Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Humans
AU - Fung, J.
AU - Lau, S. K. P.
AU - Woo, P. C. Y.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is the second novel zoonotic
disease infecting humans caused by coronavirus (CoV) in this century. To date, more
than 2200 laboratory-confirmed human cases have been identified in 27 countries,
and more than 800 MERS-CoV associated deaths have been reported since its outbreak
in 2012. Rapid laboratory diagnosis of MERS-CoV is the key to successful
containment and prevention of the spread of infection. Though the gold standard for
diagnosing MERS-CoV infection in humans is still nucleic acid amplification test
(NAAT) of the up-E region, an antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
(ELISA) could also be of use for early diagnosis in less developed locations. In
the present method, a step-by-step guide to perform a MERS-CoV nucleocapsid protein
(NP) capture ELISA using two NP-specific monoclonal antibodies is provided for
readers to develop their in-house workflow or diagnostic kit for clinical use and
for mass-screening project of animals (e.g., dromedaries and bats) to better
understand the spread and evolution of the virus.
JO - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
PB -
CY -
VL - 2099
IS -
PG - 89-97
SP - 89
EP - 97
AN - 31883089
DO - 10.1007/978-1-0716-0211-9_7
UR - https://link.springer.com/protocol/10.1007%2F978-1-0716-0211-9_7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emergence of a novel coronavirus causing respiratory illness from Wuhan,
China
AU - Tang, Julian W.
AU - Tambyah, Paul A.
AU - Hui, David S.C.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of Infection
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.01.014
UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320300384
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Full-genome evolutionary analysis of the novel corona virus (2019-nCoV)
rejects the hypothesis of emergence as a result of a recent recombination event
AU - Paraskevis, D.
AU - Kostaki, E.G.
AU - Magiorkinis, G.
AU - Panayiotakopoulos, G.
AU - Sourvinos, G.
AU - Tsiodras, S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Background A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) associated with human to human
transmission and severe human infection has been recently reported from the city of
Wuhan in China. Our objectives were to characterize the genetic relationships of
the 2019-nCoV and to search for putative recombination within the subgenus of
sarbecovirus. Methods Putative recombination was investigated by RDP4 and Simplot
v3.5.1 and discordant phylogenetic clustering in individual genomic fragments was
confirmed by phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods.
Results Our analysis suggests that the 2019-nCoV although closely related to BatCoV
RaTG13 sequence throughout the genome (sequence similarity 96.3%), shows discordant
clustering with the Bat_SARS-like coronavirus sequences. Specifically, in the 5′-
part spanning the first 11,498 nucleotides and the last 3′-part spanning 24,341–
30,696 positions, 2019-nCoV and RaTG13 formed a single cluster with Bat_SARS-like
coronavirus sequences, whereas in the middle region spanning the 3′-end of ORF1a,
the ORF1b and almost half of the spike regions, 2019-nCoV and RaTG13 grouped in a
separate distant lineage within the sarbecovirus branch. Conclusions The levels of
genetic similarity between the 2019-nCoV and RaTG13 suggest that the latter does
not provide the exact variant that caused the outbreak in humans, but the
hypothesis that 2019-nCoV has originated from bats is very likely. We show evidence
that the novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) is not-mosaic consisting in almost half of
its genome of a distinct lineage within the betacoronavirus. These genomic features
and their potential association with virus characteristics and virulence in humans
need further attention.
JO - Infection, Genetics and Evolution
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 104212
SP - 104212
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104212
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The association between domestic train transportation and novel coronavirus
outbreak in China, from 2019 to 2020: A data-driven correlational report
AU - Zhao, Shi
AU - Zhuang, Zian
AU - Ran, Jinjun
AU - Lin, Jiaer
AU - Yang, Guangpu
AU - Yang, Lin
AU - He, Daihai
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101568
SP - 101568
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101568
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
in Wuhan, China
AU - Wang, Weier
AU - Tang, Jianming
AU - Wei, Fangqiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - ABSTRACT Background To help health workers and the public recognize and deal
with the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) quickly, effectively and calmly with an
updated understanding. Methods A comprehensive search from Chinese and worldwide
official websites and announcements was performed between 1 Dec 2019 to 9:30 am 26
Jan 2020 (Beijing time). A latest summary of 2019-nCoV and the current outbreak was
drawn. Results Up to 24 pm 25 Jan 2020, a total 1,975 cases were confirmed
infection of 2019-nCoV in China mainland with a total of 56 deaths occurred. The
latest mortality was approximately 2.84% with a total 2,684 cases still suspected.
The China National Health Commission reported the details of the first 17 deaths up
to 24 pm 22 Jan 2020. The deaths included 13 males and 4 females. The median age of
the deaths was 75 (range 48-89) years. Fever (64.7%) and cough (52.9%) were the
most common first symptoms in deaths. The median days from first symptom to death
were 14.0 (range 6-41) days, and tended to be shorter among people of 70-year old
or above (11.5 [range 6-19] days) than those with ages below 70-year old (20 [range
10-41] days, P=0.033). Conclusion The infection of 2019-nCoV is spreading and
increasing nationwide. The first occurred deaths were majorly elderly people who
might have faster disease progresses. The public should still be cautious in
dealing with the virus and paying more attention to protect elderly people from the
virus. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO - Journal of Medical Virology
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25689
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25689
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emergence of SARS-like Coronavirus poses new challenge in China
AU - Wang, Ruichen
AU - Zhang, Xu
AU - Irwin, David M.
AU - Shen, Yongyi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Receptor recognition by novel coronavirus from Wuhan: An analysis based on
decade-long structural studies of SARS
AU - Wan, Yushun
AU - Shang, Jian
AU - Graham, Rachel
AU - Baric, Ralph S.
AU - Li, Fang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Recently a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has emerged from Wuhan, China,
causing symptoms in humans similar to those caused by SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV).
Since SARS-CoV outbreak in 2002, extensive structural analyses have revealed key
atomic-level interactions between SARS-CoV spike protein receptor-binding domain
(RBD) and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate
both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of SARS-CoV. Here we
analyzed the potential receptor usage by 2019-nCoV, based on the rich knowledge
about SARS-CoV and the newly released sequence of 2019-nCoV. First, the sequence of
2019-nCoV RBD, including its receptor-binding motif (RBM) that directly contacts
ACE2, is similar to that of SARS-CoV, strongly suggesting that 2019-nCoV uses ACE2
as its receptor. Second, several critical residues in 2019-nCoV RBM (particularly
Gln493) provide favorable interactions with human ACE2, consistent with 2019-
nCoV's capacity for human cell infection. Third, several other critical
residues in 2019-nCoV RBM (particularly Asn501) are compatible with, but not ideal
for, binding human ACE2, suggesting that 2019-nCoV has acquired some capacity for
human-to-human transmission. Last, while phylogenetic analysis indicates a bat
origin of 2019-nCoV, 2019-nCoV also potentially recognizes ACE2 from a diversity of
animal species (except mice and rats), implicating these animal species as possible
intermediate hosts or animal models for 2019-nCoV infections. These analyses
provide insights into the receptor usage, cell entry, host cell infectivity and
animal origin of 2019-nCoV, and may help epidemic surveillance and preventive
measures against 2019-nCoV.SignificanceThe recent emergence of Wuhan coronavirus
(2019-nCoV) puts the world on alert. 2019-nCoV is reminiscent of the SARS-CoV
outbreak in 2002-2003. Our decade-long structural studies on the receptor
recognition by SARS-CoV have identified key interactions between SARS-CoV spike
protein and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which
regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of SARS-CoV. One
of the goals of SARS-CoV research was to build an atomic-level iterative framework
of virus-receptor interactions to facilitate epidemic surveillance, predict
species-specific receptor usage, and identify potential animal hosts and animal
models of viruses. Based on the sequence of 2019-nCoV spike protein, we apply this
predictive framework to provide novel insights into the receptor usage and likely
host range of 2019-nCoV. This study provides a robust test of this reiterative
framework, providing the basic, translational and public health research
communities with predictive insights that may help study and battle this novel
2019-nCoV.
JO - Journal of Virology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - JVI.00127-20
SP - JVI.00127
EP - 20
AN -
DO - 10.1128/JVI.00127-20
UR - http://jvi.asm.org/content/early/2020/01/23/JVI.00127-20.abstract
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Importation and Human-to-Human Transmission of a Novel Coronavirus in Vietnam
AU - Phan, Lan T.
AU - Nguyen, Thuong V.
AU - Luong, Quang C.
AU - Nguyen, Thinh V.
AU - Nguyen, Hieu T.
AU - Le, Hung Q.
AU - Nguyen, Thuc T.
AU - Cao, Thang M.
AU - Pham, Quang D.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - New England Journal of Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1056/NEJMc2001272
UR - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2001272
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Extent of Transmission of Novel Coronavirus in Wuhan, China, 2020
AU - Nishiura, Hiroshi
AU - Jung, Sung-mok
AU - Linton, Natalie M.
AU - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU - Yang, Yichi
AU - Hayashi, Katsuma
AU - Kobayashi, Tetsuro
AU - Yuan, Baoyin
AU - Akhmetzhanov, Andrei R.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A cluster of pneumonia cases linked to a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was
reported by China in late December 2019. Reported case incidence has now reached
the hundreds, but this is likely an underestimate. As of 24 January 2020, with
reports of thirteen exportation events, we estimate the cumulative incidence in
China at 5502 cases (95% confidence interval: 3027, 9057). The most plausible
number of infections is in the order of thousands, rather than hundreds, and there
is a strong indication that untraced exposures other than the one in the
epidemiologically linked seafood market in Wuhan have occurred.
JO - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020330
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Drug treatment options for the 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU - Lu, Hongzhou
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - BioScience TrendsAB - As of January 22, 2020, a total of 571 cases of the
2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) have been reported in 25 provinces (districts and
cities) in China. At present, there is no vaccine or antiviral treatment for human
and animal coro
PB -
CY -
VL - advpub
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.5582/bst.2020.01020
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus–Infected
Pneumonia
AU - Li, Qun
AU - Guan, Xuhua
AU - Wu, Peng
AU - Wang, Xiaoye
AU - Zhou, Lei
AU - Tong, Yeqing
AU - Ren, Ruiqi
AU - Leung, Kathy S. M.
AU - Lau, Eric H. Y.
AU - Wong, Jessica Y.
AU - Xing, Xuesen
AU - Xiang, Nijuan
AU - Wu, Yang
AU - Li, Chao
AU - Chen, Qi
AU - Li, Dan
AU - Liu, Tian
AU - Zhao, Jing
AU - Li, Man
AU - Tu, Wenxiao
AU - Chen, Chuding
AU - Jin, Lianmei
AU - Yang, Rui
AU - Wang, Qi
AU - Zhou, Suhua
AU - Wang, Rui
AU - Liu, Hui
AU - Luo, Yingbo
AU - Liu, Yuan
AU - Shao, Ge
AU - Li, Huan
AU - Tao, Zhongfa
AU - Yang, Yang
AU - Deng, Zhiqiang
AU - Liu, Boxi
AU - Ma, Zhitao
AU - Zhang, Yanping
AU - Shi, Guoqing
AU - Lam, Tommy T. Y.
AU - Wu, Joseph T. K.
AU - Gao, George F.
AU - Cowling, Benjamin J.
AU - Yang, Bo
AU - Leung, Gabriel M.
AU - Feng, Zijian
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1056/NEJMoa2001316
UR - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001316
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Return of the Coronavirus: 2019-nCoV
AU - Gralinski, E. Lisa
AU - Menachery, D. Vineet
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The emergence of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has awakened the echoes of
SARS-CoV from nearly two decades ago. Yet, with technological advances and
important lessons gained from previous outbreaks, perhaps the world is better
equipped to deal with the most recent emergent group 2B coronavirus.
JO - Viruses
PB -
CY -
VL - 12
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/v12020135
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus
isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan
AU - Chan, J. F. Auid-Orcid https orcid org
AU - Kok, K. H. Auid-Orcid https orcid org X.
AU - Zhu, Z.
AU - Chu, H.
AU - To, K. K.
AU - Yuan, S.
AU - Yuen, K. Y.
PY -
PD -
N2 - A mysterious outbreak of atypical pneumonia in late 2019 was traced to a
seafood wholesale market in Wuhan of China. Within a few weeks, a novel coronavirus
tentatively named as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was announced by the World
Health Organization. We performed bioinformatics analysis on a virus genome from a
patient with 2019-nCoV infection and compared it with other related coronavirus
genomes. Overall, the genome of 2019-nCoV has 89% nucleotide identity with bat
SARS-like-CoVZXC21 and 82% with that of human SARS-CoV. The phylogenetic trees of
their orf1a/b, Spike, Envelope, Membrane and Nucleoprotein also clustered closely
with those of the bat, civet and human SARS coronaviruses. However, the external
subdomain of Spike's receptor binding domain of 2019-nCoV shares only 40% amino
acid identity with other SARS-related coronaviruses. Remarkably, its orf3b encodes
a completely novel short protein. Furthermore, its new orf8 likely encodes a
secreted protein with an alpha-helix, following with a beta-sheet(s) containing six
strands. Learning from the roles of civet in SARS and camel in MERS, hunting for
the animal source of 2019-nCoV and its more ancestral virus would be important for
understanding the origin and evolution of this novel lineage B betacoronavirus.
These findings provide the basis for starting further studies on the pathogenesis,
and optimizing the design of diagnostic, antiviral and vaccination strategies for
this emerging infection. FAU - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS - 2222-1751 (Electronic)
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and now the 2019-novel CoV: Have we investigated enough
about coronaviruses? – A bibliometric analysis
AU - Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine
AU - Quintero-Rada, Keidenis
AU - Montoya-Posada, Juan Pablo
AU - Ramírez, Sebastian
AU - Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto
AU - Rabaan, Ali
AU - Sah, Ranjit
AU - Rodríguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101566
SP - 101566
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The next big threat to global health? 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV):
What advice can we give to travellers? – Interim recommendations January 2020, from
the Latin-American society for Travel Medicine (SLAMVI)
AU - Biscayart, Cristian
AU - Angeleri, Patricia
AU - Lloveras, Susana
AU - Chaves, Tânia do Socorro Souza
AU - Schlagenhauf, Patricia
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101567
SP - 101567
EP -
AN -
UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S147789392030017X
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The 2019-new coronavirus epidemic: evidence for virus evolution
AU - Benvenuto, Domenico
AU - Giovannetti, Marta
AU - Ciccozzi, Alessandra
AU - Spoto, Silvia
AU - Angeletti, Silvia
AU - Ciccozzi, Massimo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract There is worldwide concern about the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV as a
global public health threat. In this article, we provide a preliminary evolutionary
and molecular epidemiological analysis of this new virus. A phylogenetic tree has
been built using the 15 available whole genome sequence of 2019-nCoV and 12 whole
genome sequences of 2019-nCoV and 12 highly similar whole genome sequences
available in gene bank (5 from SARS, 2 from MERS and 5 from Bat SARS-like
Coronavirus). Fast Unconstrained Bayesian Approximation (FUBAR) analysis shows that
the Nucleocapsid and the Spike Glycoprotein have some sites under positive pressure
while homology modelling revealed some molecular and structural differences between
the viruses. The phylogenetic tree showed that 2019.nCoV significantly clustered
with Bat SARS-like Coronavirus sequence isolated in 2015, whereas structural
analysis revealed mutation in Spike Glycoprotein and nucleocapsid protein. From
these results, 2019-nCoV could be considered as a coronavirus distinct from SARS
virus, probably transmitted from bats or another host where conferred its ability
to infect humans. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25688
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Gold nanoparticle‐adjuvanted S protein induces a strong
antigen‐specific IgG response against severe acute respiratory
syndrome‐related coronavirus infection, but fails to induce protective
antibodies and limit eosinophilic infiltration in lungs
AU - Sekimukai, Hanako
AU - Iwata
AU - Yoshikawa, Naoko
AU - Fukushi, Shuetsu
AU - Tani, Hideki
AU - Kataoka, Michiyo
AU - Suzuki, Tadaki
AU - Hasegawa, Hideki
AU - Niikura, Kenichi
AU - Arai, Katsuhiko
AU - Nagata, Noriyo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The spike (S) protein of coronavirus, which binds to cellular receptors and
mediates membrane fusion for cell entry, is a candidate vaccine target for blocking
coronavirus infection. However, some animal studies have suggested that inadequate
immunization against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV)
induces a lung eosinophilic immunopathology upon infection. The present study
evaluated two kinds of vaccine adjuvants for use with recombinant S protein: gold
nanoparticles (AuNPs), which are expected to function as both an antigen carrier
and an adjuvant in immunization; and Toll‐like receptor (TLR) agonists, which
have previously been shown to be an effective adjuvant in an
ultraviolet‐inactivated SARS‐CoV vaccine. All the mice immunized with
more than 0.5 µg S protein without adjuvant escaped from SARS after infection
with mouse‐adapted SARS‐CoV; however, eosinophilic infiltrations were
observed in the lungs of almost all the immunized mice. The AuNP‐adjuvanted
protein induced a strong IgG response but failed to improve vaccine efficacy or to
reduce eosinophilic infiltration because of highly allergic inflammatory responses.
Whereas similar virus titers were observed in the control animals and the animals
immunized with S protein with or without AuNPs, Type 1 interferon and
pro‐inflammatory responses were moderate in the mice treated with S protein
with and without AuNPs. On the other hand, the TLR agonist‐adjuvanted vaccine
induced highly protective antibodies without eosinophilic infiltrations, as well as
Th1/17 cytokine responses. The findings of this study will support the development
of vaccines against severe pneumonia‐associated coronaviruses.
JO - Microbiology and Immunology
PB -
CY -
VL - 64
IS - 1
PG - 33-51
SP - 33
EP - 51
AN -
DO - 10.1111/1348-0421.12754
UR -
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bpl/mim/2020/00000064/00000001/art00005
https://doi.org/10.1111/1348-0421.12754
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential of large 'first generation' human-to-human transmission of 2019-
nCoV
AU - Li, X.
AU - Zai, J.
AU - Wang, X.
AU - Li, Y.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - To investigate the genetic diversity, time origin, and evolutionary history
of the 2019-nCoV outbreak in China and Thailand, a total of 12 genome sequences of
the virus with known sampling date (24 December 2019 and 13 January 2020) and
geographic location (primarily Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China, but also Bangkok,
Thailand) were analyzed. Phylogenetic and likelihood-mapping analyses of these
genome sequences were performed. Based on our results, the star-like signal and
topology of 2019-nCoV may be indicative of potentially large 'first generation'
human-to-human virus transmission. We estimated that 2019-nCoV likely originated in
Wuhan on 9 November 2019 (95% credible interval: 25 September 2019 and 19 December
2019), and that Wuhan is the major hub for the spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak in
China and elsewhere. Our results could be useful for designing effective prevention
strategies for 2019-nCoV in China and beyond. This article is protected by
copyright. All rights reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 31997390
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25693
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Offline: 2019-nCoV outbreak—early lessons
AU - Horton, Richard
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10221
PG - 322
SP - 322
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30212-9
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30212-9
NS -
N1 - Jose Garnica (2020-02-04 01:55:52)(Included): Duplicate of #105.;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel
coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study
AU - Chen, Nanshan
AU - Zhou, Min
AU - Dong, Xuan
AU - Qu, Jieming
AU - Gong, Fengyun
AU - Han, Yang
AU - Qiu, Yang
AU - Wang, Jingli
AU - Liu, Ying
AU - Wei, Yuan
AU - Xia, Jia'an
AU - Yu, Ting
AU - Zhang, Xinxin
AU - Zhang, Li
PY -
PD -
N2 - BackgroundIn December, 2019, a pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV) emerged in Wuhan, China. We aimed to further clarify the
epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV pneumonia.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus:
implications for virus origins and receptor binding
AU - Lu, Roujian
AU - Zhao, Xiang
AU - Li, Juan
AU - Niu, Peihua
AU - Yang, Bo
AU - Wu, Honglong
AU - Wang, Wenling
AU - Song, Hao
AU - Huang, Baoying
AU - Zhu, Na
AU - Bi, Yuhai
AU - Ma, Xuejun
AU - Zhan, Faxian
AU - Wang, Liang
AU - Hu, Tao
AU - Zhou, Hong
AU - Hu, Zhenhong
AU - Zhou, Weimin
AU - Zhao, Li
AU - Chen, Jing
AU - Meng, Yao
AU - Wang, Ji
AU - Lin, Yang
AU - Yuan, Jianying
AU - Xie, Zhihao
AU - Ma, Jinmin
AU - Liu, William J.
AU - Wang, Dayan
AU - Xu, Wenbo
AU - Holmes, Edward C.
AU - Gao, George F.
AU - Wu, Guizhen
AU - Chen, Weijun
AU - Shi, Weifeng
AU - Tan, Wenjie
PY -
PD -
N2 - BackgroundIn late December, 2019, patients presenting with viral pneumonia
due to an unidentified microbial agent were reported in Wuhan, China. A novel
coronavirus was subsequently identified as the causative pathogen, provisionally
named 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). As of Jan 26, 2020, more than 2000 cases
of 2019-nCoV infection have been confirmed, most of which involved people living in
or visiting Wuhan, and human-to-human transmission has been confirmed.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Wuhan: Britons to be evacuated as scientists estimate 44 000 cases of 2019-
nCOV in the city
AU - Parry, J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m351
SP - m351
EP -
AN - 31996342
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m351
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Novel Coronavirus Originating in Wuhan, China: Challenges for Global
Health Governance
AU - Phelan, A. L.
AU - Katz, R.
AU - Gostin, L. O.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Jama
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 31999307
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.1097
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Real-time tentative assessment of the epidemiological characteristics of
novel coronavirus infections in Wuhan, China, as at 22 January 2020
AU - Wu, P.
AU - Hao, X.
AU - Lau, E. H. Y.
AU - Wong, J. Y.
AU - Leung, K. S. M.
AU - Wu, J. T.
AU - Cowling, B. J.
AU - Leung, G. M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing severe acute respiratory disease
emerged recently in Wuhan, China. Information on reported cases strongly indicates
human-to-human spread, and the most recent information is increasingly indicative
of sustained human-to-human transmission. While the overall severity profile among
cases may change as more mild cases are identified, we estimate a risk of fatality
among hospitalised cases at 14% (95% confidence interval: 3.9-32%).
JO - Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles =
European communicable disease bulletin
PB -
CY -
VL - 25
IS - 3
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 31992388
DO - 10.2807/1560-7917.Es.2020.25.3.2000044
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Transmission of 2019-nCoV Infection from an Asymptomatic Contact in Germany
AU - Rothe, C.
AU - Schunk, M.
AU - Sothmann, P.
AU - Bretzel, G.
AU - Froeschl, G.
AU - Wallrauch, C.
AU - Zimmer, T.
AU - Thiel, V.
AU - Janke, C.
AU - Guggemos, W.
AU - Seilmaier, M.
AU - Drosten, C.
AU - Vollmar, P.
AU - Zwirglmaier, K.
AU - Zange, S.
AU - Wolfel, R.
AU - Hoelscher, M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 32003551
DO - 10.1056/NEJMc2001468
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Stop the Wuhan virus
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Vigilance, preparedness, speed, transparency and global coordination are now
crucial to stopping a new infectious disease from becoming a global emergency.
[Figure not available: see fulltext.].
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL - 577
IS - 7791
PG - 450
SP - 450
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/d41586-020-00153-x
subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004117434 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-
020-00153-x
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Response to the emerging novel coronavirus outbreak
AU - Kickbusch, I.
AU - Leung, G.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m406
SP - m406
EP -
AN - 32005675
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m406
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Preliminary estimation of the basic reproduction number of novel coronavirus
(2019-nCoV) in China, from 2019 to 2020: A data-driven analysis in the early phase
of the outbreak
AU - Zhao, Shi
AU - Lin, Qianyin
AU - Ran, Jinjun
AU - Musa, Salihu S.
AU - Yang, Guangpu
AU - Wang, Weiming
AU - Lou, Yijun
AU - Gao, Daozhou
AU - Yang, Lin
AU - He, Daihai
AU - Wang, Maggie H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Backgrounds An ongoing outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia
hit a major city of China, Wuhan, December 2019 and subsequently reached other
provinces/regions of China and countries. We present estimates of the basic
reproduction number,R0, of 2019-nCoV in the early phase of the outbreak. Methods
Accounting for the impact of the variations in disease reporting rate, we modelled
the epidemic curve of 2019-nCoV cases time series, in mainland China from January
10 to January 24, 2020, through the exponential growth. With the estimated
intrinsic growth rate (γ), we estimated R0 by using the serial intervals (SI) of
two other well-known coronavirus diseases, MERS and SARS, as approximations for the
true unknown SI. Findings The early outbreak data largely follows the exponential
growth. We estimated that the meanR0 ranges from 2.24 (95%CI: 1.96-2.55) to 3.58
(95%CI: 2.89-4.39) associated with 8-fold to 2-fold increase in the reporting rate.
We demonstrated that changes in reporting rate substantially affect estimates of
R0. Conclusion The mean estimate ofR0 for the 2019-nCoV ranges from 2.24 to 3.58,
and significantly larger than 1. Our findings indicate the potential of 2019-nCoV
to cause outbreaks.
JO - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.050
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential for global spread of a novel coronavirus from China
AU - Bogoch, I. I.
AU - Watts, A.
AU - Thomas-Bachli, A.
AU - Huber, C.
AU - Kraemer, M. U. G.
AU - Khan, K.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/jtm/taaa011
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa011
NS -
N1 - Sue Hill (2020-02-03 20:57:09)(Screen): this is a duplicate of a citation
already reviewed.;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Outbreak of a novel coronavirus
AU - Du Toit, A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Nature reviews. Microbiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41579-020-0332-0
020-0332-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Offline: 2019-nCoV outbreak—early lessons
AU - Horton, R.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10221
PG - 322
SP - 322
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30212-9
subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004768852 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-
6736(20)30212-9
NS -
N1 - Jose Garnica (2020-02-04 01:56:08)(Included): Duplicate of #77.;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of
the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study
AU - Wu, Joseph T.
AU - Leung, Kathy
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Summary Background Since Dec 31, 2019, the Chinese city of Wuhan has reported
an outbreak of atypical pneumonia caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV).
Cases have been exported to other Chinese cities, as well as internationally,
threatening to trigger a global outbreak. Here, we provide an estimate of the size
of the epidemic in Wuhan on the basis of the number of cases exported from Wuhan to
cities outside mainland China and forecast the extent of the domestic and global
public health risks of epidemics, accounting for social and non-pharmaceutical
prevention interventions. Methods We used data from Dec 31, 2019, to Jan 28, 2020,
on the number of cases exported from Wuhan internationally (known days of symptom
onset from Dec 25, 2019, to Jan 19, 2020) to infer the number of infections in
Wuhan from Dec 1, 2019, to Jan 25, 2020. Cases exported domestically were then
estimated. We forecasted the national and global spread of 2019-nCoV, accounting
for the effect of the metropolitan-wide quarantine of Wuhan and surrounding cities,
which began Jan 23–24, 2020. We used data on monthly flight bookings from the
Official Aviation Guide and data on human mobility across more than 300 prefecture-
level cities in mainland China from the Tencent database. Data on confirmed cases
were obtained from the reports published by the Chinese Center for Disease Control
and Prevention. Serial interval estimates were based on previous studies of severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). A susceptible-exposed-
infectious-recovered metapopulation model was used to simulate the epidemics across
all major cities in China. The basic reproductive number was estimated using Markov
Chain Monte Carlo methods and presented using the resulting posterior mean and 95%
credibile interval (CrI). Findings In our baseline scenario, we estimated that the
basic reproductive number for 2019-nCoV was 2·68 (95% CrI 2·47–2·86) and that 75
815 individuals (95% CrI 37 304–130 330) have been infected in Wuhan as of Jan 25,
2020. The epidemic doubling time was 6·4 days (95% CrI 5·8–7·1). We estimated that
in the baseline scenario, Chongqing, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen had
imported 461 (95% CrI 227–805), 113 (57–193), 98 (49–168), 111 (56–191), and 80
(40–139) infections from Wuhan, respectively. If the transmissibility of 2019-nCoV
were similar everywhere domestically and over time, we inferred that epidemics are
already growing exponentially in multiple major cities of China with a lag time
behind the Wuhan outbreak of about 1–2 weeks. Interpretation Given that 2019-nCoV
is no longer contained within Wuhan, other major Chinese cities are probably
sustaining localised outbreaks. Large cities overseas with close transport links to
China could also become outbreak epicentres, unless substantial public health
interventions at both the population and personal levels are implemented
immediately. Independent self-sustaining outbreaks in major cities globally could
become inevitable because of substantial exportation of presymptomatic cases and in
the absence of large-scale public health interventions. Preparedness plans and
mitigation interventions should be readied for quick deployment globally. Funding
Health and Medical Research Fund (Hong Kong, China).
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30260-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel Wuhan (2019-nCoV) Coronavirus
AU - Carlos, W. G.
AU - Dela Cruz, C. S.
AU - Cao, B.
AU - Pasnick, S.
AU - Jamil, S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 32004066
DO - 10.1164/rccm.2014P7
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus: From discovery to clinical diagnostics
AU - Phan, Tung
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A novel coronavirus designated as 2019-nCoV first appeared in Wuhan, China in
late December 2019. Dozens of people died in China, and thousands of people
infected as 2019-nCoV continues to spread around the world. We have described the
discovery, emergence, genomic characteristics, and clinical diagnostics of 2019-
nCoV.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 104211
SP - 104211
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Novel Chinese Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infections: challenges for fighting
the storm
AU - Bassetti, M.
AU - Vena, A.
AU - Roberto Giacobbe, D.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since end of December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown
origin was reported from Wuhan, Hubei province, China. They shared a connection
with the Huanan South China Seafood Market in Wuhan, and now it has been confirmed
that the disease is caused by a novel coronavirus (provisionally named 2019-nCoV).
As of today (30 January 2020), 7734 cases have been confirmed in China, and 90
cases have also been cumulatively reported from Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam,
Malaysia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Japan, Singapore, Republic of Korea, United
Arab Emirate, United States, The Philippines, India, Australia, Canada, Finland,
France, and Germany (Finland, France and Germany are the only European countries in
which cases [n= 1, n = 5, and n = 4, respectively] have been reported up to date).
According to the released news, the case rate fatality is 2.2% (170/7824).
JO - European journal of clinical investigation
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - e13209
SP - e13209
EP -
AN - 32003000
DO - 10.1111/eci.13209
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Mysterious infections in China: Novel coronavirus identified as cause of
pneumonia
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung
PB -
CY -
VL - 160
IS - 3
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Measures for diagnosing and treating infections by a novel coronavirus
responsible for a pneumonia outbreak originating in Wuhan, China
AU - Yu, Fei
AU - Du, Lanying
AU - Ojcius, David M.
AU - Pan, Chungen
AU - Jiang, Shibo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On 10 January 2020, a new coronavirus causing a pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan
City in central China was denoted as 2019-nCoV by the World Health Organization
(WHO). As of 24 January 2020, there were 887 confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV
infection, including 26 deaths, reported in China and other countries. Therefore,
combating this new virus and stopping the epidemic is a matter of urgency. Here, we
focus on advances in research and development of fast diagnosis methods, as well as
potential prophylactics and therapeutics to prevent or treat 2019-nCoV infection.
JO - Microbes and Infection
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2020.01.003
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Laboratory biosafety guide for the novel coronavirus
AU - Department of Health Science, Technology
AU - Education, National Health Commission of People's Republic of China
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Biosafety and Health
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bsheal.2020.01.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Identification of potential cross-protective epitope between 2019-nCoV and
SARS virus
AU - Qiu, Tianyi
AU - Mao, Tiantian
AU - Wang, Yuan
AU - Zhou, Mengdi
AU - Qiu, Jingxuan
AU - Wang, Jianwei
AU - Xu, Jianqing
AU - Cao, Zhiwei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of Genetics and Genomics
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgg.2020.01.003
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Identification of a novel coronavirus causing severe pneumonia in human: a
descriptive study
AU - Ren, L. L.
AU - Wang, Y. M.
AU - Wu, Z. Q.
AU - Xiang, Z. C.
AU - Guo, L.
AU - Xu, T.
AU - Jiang, Y. Z.
AU - Xiong, Y.
AU - Li, Y. J.
AU - Li, H.
AU - Fan, G. H.
AU - Gu, X. Y.
AU - Xiao, Y.
AU - Gao, H.
AU - Xu, J. Y.
AU - Yang, F.
AU - Wang, X. M.
AU - Wu, C.
AU - Chen, L.
AU - Liu, Y. W.
AU - Liu, B.
AU - Yang, J.
AU - Wang, X. R.
AU - Dong, J.
AU - Li, L.
AU - Huang, C. L.
AU - Zhao, J. P.
AU - Hu, Y.
AU - Cheng, Z. S.
AU - Liu, L. L.
AU - Qian, Z. H.
AU - Qin, C.
AU - Jin, Q.
AU - Cao, B.
AU - Wang, J. W.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - BACKGROUND: Human infections with zoonotic coronaviruses (CoVs), including
severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome
(MERS)-CoV, have raised great public health concern globally. Here, we report a
novel bat-origin CoV causing severe and fatal pneumonia in humans. METHODS: We
collected clinical data and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens from five
patients with severe pneumonia from Jin Yin-tan Hospital of Wuhan, Hubei province,
China. Nucleic acids of the BAL were extracted and subjected to next-generation
sequencing. Virus isolation was carried out, and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic
trees were constructed. RESULTS: Five patients hospitalized from December 18 to
December 29, 2019 presented with fever, cough, and dyspnea accompanied by
complications of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Chest radiography revealed
diffuse opacities and consolidation. One of these patients died. Sequence results
revealed the presence of a previously unknown beta-CoV strain in all five patients,
with 99.8-99.9% nucleotide identities among the isolates. These isolates showed
79.0% nucleotide identity with the sequence of SARS-CoV (GenBank NC_004718) and
51.8% identity with the sequence of MERS-CoV (GenBank NC_019843). The virus is
phylogenetically closest to a bat SARS-like CoV (SL-ZC45, GenBank MG772933) with
87.6-87.7% nucleotide identity, but is in a separate clade. Moreover, these viruses
have a single intact open reading frame gene 8, as a further indicator of bat-
origin CoVs. However, the amino acid sequence of the tentative receptor-binding
domain resembles that of SARS-CoV, indicating that these viruses might use the same
receptor. CONCLUSION: A novel bat-borne CoV was identified that is associated with
severe and fatal respiratory disease in humans.
JO - Chinese medical journal
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 32004165
DO - 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000722
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Global Health Concern Stirred by Emerging Viral Infections
AU - Luo, G. G.
AU - Gao, S. J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Emerging viral infections continue to pose a major threat to global public
health. In 1997, a highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus was found to
directly spread from poultry to humans unlike previously reported transmission
routs of human-to-human and livestock-to-human, stirring a grave concern for a
possible influenza pandemic. This article is protected by copyright. All rights
reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25683
subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630676797 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25683
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States
AU - Holshue, Michelle L.
AU - DeBolt, Chas
AU - Lindquist, Scott
AU - Lofy, Kathy H.
AU - Wiesman, John
AU - Bruce, Hollianne
AU - Spitters, Christopher
AU - Ericson, Keith
AU - Wilkerson, Sara
AU - Tural, Ahmet
AU - Diaz, George
AU - Cohn, Amanda
AU - Fox, LeAnne
AU - Patel, Anita
AU - Gerber, Susan I.
AU - Kim, Lindsay
AU - Tong, Suxiang
AU - Lu, Xiaoyan
AU - Lindstrom, Steve
AU - Pallansch, Mark A.
AU - Weldon, William C.
AU - Biggs, Holly M.
AU - Uyeki, Timothy M.
AU - Pillai, Satish K.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On January 19, 2020, a 35-year-old man presented to an urgent care clinic in
Snohomish County, Washington, with a 4-day history of cough and subjective fever.
On checking into the clinic, the patient put on a mask in the waiting room. After
waiting approximately 20 minutes, he was taken into an examination room and
underwent evaluation by a provider. He disclosed that he had returned to Washington
State on January 15 after traveling to visit family in Wuhan, China. The patient
stated that he had seen a health alert from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC) about the novel coronavirus outbreak in China and, because of
his symptoms and recent travel, decided to see a health care provider.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1056/NEJMoa2001191
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Estimating the Unreported Number of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Cases in
China in the First Half of January 2020: A Data-Driven Modelling Analysis of the
Early Outbreak
AU - Zhao, Shi
AU - Lin, Qianying
AU - Ran, Jinjun
AU - Yang, Guangpu
AU - Wang, Weiming
AU - Lou, Yijun
AU - Yang, Lin
AU - Gao, Daozhou
AU - He, Daihai
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Background: In December 2019, an outbreak of respiratory illness caused by a
novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) emerged in Wuhan, China and has swiftly spread to
other parts of China and a number of foreign countries. The 2019-nCoV cases might
have been under-reported roughly from 1 to 15 January 2020, and thus we estimated
the number of unreported cases and the basic reproduction number, R0, of 2019-nCoV.
Methods: We modelled the epidemic curve of 2019-nCoV cases, in mainland China from
1 December 2019 to 24 January 2020 through the exponential growth. The number of
unreported cases was determined by the maximum likelihood estimation. We used the
serial intervals (SI) of infection caused by two other well-known coronaviruses
(CoV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory
Syndrome (MERS) CoVs, as approximations of the unknown SI for 2019-nCoV to estimate
R0. Results: We confirmed that the initial growth phase followed an exponential
growth pattern. The under-reporting was likely to have resulted in 469 (95% CI:
403−540) unreported cases from 1 to 15 January 2020. The reporting rate after
17 January 2020 was likely to have increased 21-fold (95% CI: 18−25) in
comparison to the situation from 1 to 17 January 2020 on average. We estimated the
R0 of 2019-nCoV at 2.56 (95% CI: 2.49−2.63). Conclusion: The under-reporting
was likely to have occurred during the first half of January 2020 and should be
considered in future investigation.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020388
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - An emerging coronavirus causing pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China: calling
for developing therapeutic and prophylactic strategies
AU - Jiang, S.
AU - Du, L.
AU - Shi, Z.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Emerging microbes & infections
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 1
PG - 275-277
SP - 275
EP - 277
AN - 32005086
DO - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1723441
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - CT Imaging of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia
AU - Lei, J.
AU - Li, J.
AU - Li, X.
AU - Qi, X.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200236
SP - 200236
EP -
AN - 32003646
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200236
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus: Stehen wir am Beginn einer neuen Pandemie?
AU - Bogner, Johannes R.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Beunruhigende Nachrichten aus China, erste Erkrankungsfälle in Europa. Das
Coronoavirus breitet sich aus. MMW-Schriftleiter Prof. Johannes Bogner, München,
berichtet aus infektiologischer Sicht über den derzeitigen Kenntnisstand und macht
Sie zugleich fit für Fragen Ihrer Patienten.
JO - MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin
PB -
CY -
VL - 162
IS - 2
PG - 8-10
SP - 8
EP - 10
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s15006-020-0080-0
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s15006-020-0080-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus spreads
AU - Hamzelou, Jessica
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The deadly virus that emerged in Wuhan, China, may be much more contagious
than initially thought. Jessica Hamzelou reports
JO - New Scientist
PB -
CY -
VL - 245
IS - 3267
PG - 8
SP - 8
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30188-3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus Infections-More Than Just the Common Cold
AU - Paules, C. I.
AU - Marston, H. D.
AU - Fauci, A. S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.0757
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.0757
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical presentation and outcomes of long-term care residents with
coronavirus respiratory infection: A retrospective cohort study
AU - Williams, V. R.
AU - Pajak, D.
AU - Salt, N.
AU - Leis, J. A.
PY - 2019
PD -
N2 - Background. Human coronaviruses (CoVs) are a major cause of respiratory
infection and institutional outbreaks, yet the epidemiology and clinical outcomes
of these viruses is poorly described among the elderly residing in long-term care
facilities (LTCFs). Methods. We performed a retrospective cohort study of LTCF
residents with positive nasopharyngeal or mid-turbinate swabs for CoVs (OC43, 229E,
NL63 and HKU1) between January 2013 and December 2018. Demographic and clinical
data were obtained from resident charts including clinical presentation, treatment,
outcome, and transmission to other residents. Variables were compared using
univariate analysis. Results. 3268 residents met inclusion criteria (median age 93
years, 90% male) comprising 7.5% (246/3268) of all positive respiratory virus
specimens detected during the study period. 97(39%) of cases were associated with a
respiratory outbreak while 149(61%) were sporadic cases that did not result in
transmission. OC43 (52%) was the most commonly identified CoV and was more commonly
associated with outbreak cases (76% vs. 37%; P < 0.001). In total, 87% of all cases
had two or more of runny nose/ congestion, cough, sore throat/hoarse voice or
fever. The most common symptoms among residents were cough (85%), runny
nose/congestion (79%), and sore throat/ hoarse voice (59%) and only 17% of
residents had a measured temperature of ≥ 37.8C. Only 6% of residents received
antibiotic treatment for suspected secondary bacterial pneumonia. The 30-day
mortality rate was 3.7% with 67% of deaths attributable to the CoV infection. There
was no statistically significant difference in symptoms, treatment or outcomes
associated with outbreaks or seasonality. Conclusion. CoVs make up an important
proportion of respiratory viral infections among LTCF residents and may result in
frequent outbreaks. Most residents remain afebrile and have self-limited illness
while only a small minority develop secondary bacterial pneumonia and death. Given
these findings the benefits of control measures should be weighed against the
impact on resident quality of life.
JO - Open Forum Infectious Diseases
PB -
CY -
VL - 6
IS -
PG - S846
SP - S846
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/ofid/ofz360.2126
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.2126
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China’s response to a novel coronavirus stands in stark contrast to the 2002
SARS outbreak response
AU - Nkengasong, J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Nature Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41591-020-0771-1
020-0771-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China coronavirus: what do we know so far?
AU - Mahase, E.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m308
SP - m308
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m308
subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630721250 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m308
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China coronavirus: cases surge as official admits human to human transmission
AU - Parry, J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m236
SP - m236
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m236
subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630672658 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m236
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Another Decade, Another Coronavirus
AU - Perlman, S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1056/NEJMe2001126
http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe2001126
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Recent advances in lab-on-a-chip technologies for viral diagnosis
AU - Zhu, Hanliang
AU - Fohlerová, Zdenka
AU - Pekárek, Jan
AU - Basova, Evgenia
AU - Neužil, Pavel
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The global risk of viral disease outbreaks emphasizes the need for rapid,
accurate, and sensitive detection techniques to speed up diagnostics allowing early
intervention. An emerging field of microfluidics also known as the lab-on-a-chip
(LOC) or micro total analysis system includes a wide range of diagnostic devices.
This review briefly covers both conventional and microfluidics-based techniques for
rapid viral detection. We first describe conventional detection methods such as
cell culturing, immunofluorescence or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), or
reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These methods often have
limited speed, sensitivity, or specificity and are performed with typically bulky
equipment. Here, we discuss some of the LOC technologies that can overcome these
demerits, highlighting the latest advances in LOC devices for viral disease
diagnosis. We also discuss the fabrication of LOC systems to produce devices for
performing either individual steps or virus detection in samples with the sample to
answer method. The complete system consists of sample preparation, and ELISA and
RT-PCR for viral-antibody and nucleic acid detection, respectively. Finally, we
formulate our opinions on these areas for the future development of LOC systems for
viral diagnostics.
JO - Biosensors and Bioelectronics
PB -
CY -
VL - 153
IS -
PG - 112041
SP - 112041
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2020.112041
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Estimating the Unreported Number of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Cases in
China in the First Half of January 2020: A Data-Driven Modelling Analysis of the
Early Outbreak Risk Management Analysis for Novel Coronavirus in Wuhan, China
AU - Zhao, Shi
AU - Lin, Qianying
AU - Ran, Jinjun
AU - Yang, Guangpu
AU - Wang, Weiming
AU - Lou, Yijun
AU - Yang, Lin
AU - Gao, Daozhou
AU - He, Daihai
AU - Yue, Xiao-Guang
AU - Shao, Xue-Feng
AU - Li, Y. Rita
AU - Crabbe, James C. M.
AU - Mi, Lili
AU - Hu, Siyan
AU - Baker, S. Julien
AU - Liang, Gang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Background: In December 2019, an outbreak of respiratory illness caused by a
novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) emerged in Wuhan, China and has swiftly spread to
other parts of China and a number of foreign countries. The 2019-nCoV cases might
have been under-reported roughly from 1 to 15 January 2020, and thus we estimated
the number of unreported cases and the basic reproduction number, R0, of 2019-nCoV.
Methods: We modelled the epidemic curve of 2019-nCoV cases, in mainland China from
1 December 2019 to 24 January 2020 through the exponential growth. The number of
unreported cases was determined by the maximum likelihood estimation. We used the
serial intervals (SI) of infection caused by two other well-known coronaviruses
(CoV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory
Syndrome (MERS) CoVs, as approximations of the unknown SI for 2019-nCoV to estimate
R0. Results: We confirmed that the initial growth phase followed an exponential
growth pattern. The under-reporting was likely to have resulted in 469 (95% CI:
403−540) unreported cases from 1 to 15 January 2020. The reporting rate after
17 January 2020 was likely to have increased 21-fold (95% CI: 18−25) in
comparison to the situation from 1 to 17 January 2020 on average. We estimated the
R0 of 2019-nCoV at 2.56 (95% CI: 2.49−2.63). Conclusion: The under-reporting
was likely to have occurred during the first half of January 2020 and should be
considered in future investigation. Recently, a novel coronavirus pneumonia
(2019–nCoV) outbreak occurred in Wuhan, China, rapidly spreading first to the
whole country, and then globally, causing widespread concern. From the perspectives
of early warning and identification of risk, risk monitoring, and analysis, as well
as risk management and handling, we propose corresponding solutions and
recommendations, which include institutional cooperation, and to inform national
and international policy-makers.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020388 10.3390/jrfm13020022
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The psychological effects of quarantining a city
AU - Rubin, G. James
AU - Wessely, Simon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Whether the epidemiological benefits of mandatory mass quarantine outweigh
the psychological costs is a judgement that should not be made lightlyThe emergence
of a novel form of coronavirus in Wuhan, China, is creating a confused and rapidly
evolving situation. As ever in the early stages of a major incident, facts are
unclear. We’re not sure how many people have caught the disease, the fatality rate,
the incubation period, how far it’s spread—or how worried we should be. The
imposition of travel restrictions on Wuhan—and an expanding number of other cities—
has surprised many. The move has left over 20 million people caught in a modern
form of quarantine. Regardless of whether it succeeds in controlling the outbreak,
the widespread lockdown will inevitably have a psychological effect. Not
surprisingly, the UK media are already reporting the emotional impact of both the
outbreak and the response. Residents are said to be comparing the situation to “the
end of the world,” hospitals are “overwhelmed,” and there are concerns about food
shortages. “Panic in Wuhan” is commonly reported.We must be careful of …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m313
SP - m313
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m313
UR - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m313.abstract
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China coronavirus: partial border closures into Hong Kong are not enough, say
doctors
AU - Parry, Jane
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As the novel coronavirus (2019-nCOV) outbreak rapidly expands across the
border in mainland China, healthcare workers in Hong Kong are bracing for a
potential explosion of cases locally and have urged the government to severely
restrict arrivals from mainland China or even to close the border completely.Eight
cases were confirmed in Hong Kong as of 27 January, and 38% of the 663 beds in the
negative pressure wards, which are used to isolate patients at public hospitals,
were already in use, said officials. They expressed concern that the public health
system might be overwhelmed if a local “super-spreader” event occurs or by people
from mainland China coming into Hong Kong to seek treatment.On 28 January Carrie
Lam, Hong Kong chief executive, announced a partial border closure, halting all
cross border rail routes from midnight on 30 January, as well as a suspension of
six border checkpoints, suspension of ferries, gradual reduction of cross border
flights from 480 a …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m349
SP - m349
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m349
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Chinese premier rallies medics in coronavirus fight
AU - Moberly, Tom
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Xinhua/Li Tao/PAChina’s premier, Li Keqiang (centre), visited the Wuhan
Jinyintan Hospital this week to see the team’s work to control the outbreak of the
novel coronavirus in the area.Li arrived on 27 January …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m343
SP - m343
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m343
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Following the evidence, from coronavirus to terrorism response
AU - Moberly, Tom
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The emergence of a novel coronavirus has led China to impose travel
restrictions around Wuhan and other cities (doi:10.1136/bmj.m349). Yet, as G James
Rubin and Simon Wessely point out (doi:10.1136/bmj.m313), we don’t not know whether
the potential benefits of mandatory mass quarantine outweigh the psychological
costs of such an intervention to the people affected. Elisabeth Mahase summarises
what we know so far about the virus and its effects (doi:10.1136/bmj.m308); clearly
there is much we …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m344
SP - m344
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m344
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China coronavirus: mild but infectious cases may make it hard to control
outbreak, report warns
AU - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Uncertainty over the severity spectrum of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
and whether people with mild symptoms can efficiently transmit the virus mean it is
currently “unclear” whether the outbreak can be contained within China, a report
from Imperial College London has warned.1The update from the MRC Centre for Global
Infectious Disease Analysis said that the rate of transmission could come down as
people become aware of the threat and try to avoid becoming infected, as happened
with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).But it raised concerns over reports
of mildly symptomatic but infectious cases, which were not a feature of SARS.
Detecting and …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m325
SP - m325
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m325
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China coronavirus: WHO declares international emergency as death toll exceeds
200
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The World Health Organization has declared the current novel coronavirus
(2019-nCoV) outbreak to be a public health emergency of international concern, as
latest figures show that nearly 10 000 people have been infected and that over 200
have died.WHO’s emergency committee reconvened on 30 January—a week after it first
met—to reassess the situation. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO director general,
said that the declaration was “not because of what is happening in China but
because of what is happening in other countries.”He warned, “Our greatest concern
is for the virus to spread to countries with weaker health systems that are ill
prepared to deal with it.”The announcement …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m408
SP - m408
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m408
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus shows how UK must act quickly before being shut out of Europe’s
health protection systems
AU - Flear, Mark
AU - de Ruijter, Anniek
AU - McKee, Martin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The threat posed by 2019-nCoV and the fragmentation of existing health
protection systems caused by Brexit call for urgent assessment of cross Europe
cooperation, say Mark Flear, Anniek de Ruijter, and Martin McKeeHealth authorities
worldwide are racing to contain the spread of the coronavirus 2019-nCoV, identified
as the cause of the outbreak that began in Wuhan, China, at the end of last year.
By 31 January more than 9600 people were reported to have been infected in China,
with around 200 deaths, and cases have also been reported elsewhere in Asia and in
North America, Australia, and Europe, including France, Finland, Germany, and now
the UK.1 The case in Germany is especially worrying as it was in someone who had
not travelled to China but who had been in contact with someone who had.
Unprecedented measures, including lockdowns of large cities in China and widespread
flight cancellations, are being adopted.The international response to major
outbreaks of infectious disease is coordinated by the World Health Organization and
is based on its International Health Regulations.2 Europe also has a regime for
communicable disease control,3 centred on the Stockholm based European Centre for
Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), which has a crucial role in responding to
threats to health in the continent.Given the UK’s departure from the European
Union, we argue that the coronavirus outbreak is an urgent warning highlighting the
need to reflect on what Brexit might mean for the country’s health security. We
review how that system operates and what the implications might be for the UK. In
doing so we draw on the experience of Switzerland. Like a post-Brexit UK,
Switzerland is outside …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m400
SP - m400
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m400
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - New SARS-like virus in China triggers alarm
AU - Cohen, J.
AU - Normile, D.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL - 367
IS - 6475
PG - 234-235
SP - 234
EP - 235
AN -
DO - 10.1126/science.367.6475.234
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.367.6475.234
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus in China
AU - Burki, Talha Khan
PY -
PD -
N2 - On Dec 31, 2019, China alerted WHO to several cases of pneumonia associated
with an unknown virus. The cases were concentrated in Wuhan City, in Hubei Province
in central China, home to 11 million people. By Jan 7, 2020, there was confirmation
that a new type of coronavirus had emerged. It was temporarily named 2019-nCoV. It
is the seventh identified coronavirus that can cause diseases of the respiratory
tract in humans. On Jan 9, there was the first reported death from 2019-nCoV—a 61-
year-old man who had visited the now-closed Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market, where
the virus is thought to have originated. As of Jan 30, 2020, 7736 confirmed cases
of 2019-nCoV had been reported in China, with a further 12?167 suspected cases.
There had been 1370 severe cases, and 170 deaths. A few dozen additional cases had
been detected in 18 countries around the world, of which only seven cases had no
history of travel in China.
JO - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30056-4
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30056-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro
AU - Wang, Manli
AU - Cao, Ruiyuan
AU - Zhang, Leike
AU - Yang, Xinglou
AU - Liu, Jia
AU - Xu, Mingyue
AU - Shi, Zhengli
AU - Hu, Zhihong
AU - Zhong, Wu
AU - Xiao, Gengfu
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Cell Research
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41422-020-0282-0
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-020-0282-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Should, and how can, exercise be done during a coronavirus outbreak? — An
interview with Dr. Jeffrey A. Woods
AU - Zhu, Weimo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of Sport and Health Science
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.01.005
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently
needed
AU - Xiang, Yu-Tao
AU - Yang, Yuan
AU - Li, Wen
AU - Zhang, Ling
AU - Zhang, Qinge
AU - Cheung, Teris
AU - Ng, Chee H.
PY -
PD -
N2 - The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia, believed to have originated
in a wet market in Wuhan, Hubei province, China at the end of 2019, has gained
intense attention nationwide and globally. To lower the risk of further disease
transmission, the authority in Wuhan suspended public transport indefinitely from
Jan 23, 2020; similar measures were adopted soon in many other cities in China. As
of Jan 25, 2020, 30 Chinese provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions
covering over 1·3 billion people have initiated first-level responses to major
public health emergencies. A range of measures has been urgently adopted,1,2 such
as early identification and isolation of suspected and diagnosed cases, contact
tracing and monitoring, collection of clinical data and biological samples from
patients, dissemination of regional and national diagnostic criteria and expert
treatment consensus, establishment of isolation units and hospitals, and prompt
provision of medical supplies and external expert teams to Hubei province. The
emergence of the 2019-nCoV pneumonia has parallels with the 2003 outbreak of severe
acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), which was caused by another coronavirus that
killed 349 of 5327 patients with confirmed infection in China.3 Although the
diseases have different clinical presentations, the infectious cause,
epidemiological features, fast transmission pattern, and insufficient preparedness
of health authorities to address the outbreaks are similar. So far, mental health
care for the patients and health professionals directly affected by the 2019-nCoV
epidemic has been under-addressed, although the National Health Commission of China
released the notification of basic principles for emergency psychological crisis
interventions for the 2019-nCoV pneumonia on Jan 26, 2020. This notification
contained a reference to mental health problems and interventions that occurred
during the 2003 SARS outbreak, and mentioned that mental health care should be
provided for patients with 2019-nCoV pneumonitis, close contacts, suspected cases
who are isolated at home, patients in fever clinics, families and friends of
affected people, health professionals caring for infected patients, and the public
who are in need. To date, epidemiological data on the mental health problems and
psychiatric morbidity of those suspected or diagnosed with the 2019-nCoV and their
treating health professionals have not been available; therefore how best to
respond to challenges during the outbreak is unknown. The observations of mental
health consequences and measures taken during the 2003 SARS outbreak could help
inform health authorities and the public to provide mental health interventions to
those who are in need.
JO - The Lancet Psychiatry
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30046-8
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30046-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A new pandemic out of China: the Wuhan coronavirus syndrome
AU - Singer, Donald R. J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Health Policy and Technology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2020.02.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novo Coronavirus (nCoV)
AU - Rio de Janeiro . Secretaria de Estado de Saúde. Subsecretaria de Vigilância
em, Saúde
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Os Coronavírus (CoV) compõem uma grande família de vírus, conhecidos desde
meados da década de 1960. Podem causar desde um resfriado comum até síndromes
respiratórias graves, como a síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SARS - Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome) e a síndrome respiratória do Oriente Médio (MERS - Middle
East Respiratory Syndrome). Os casos agora identificados estão relacionados a uma
nova variante do Coronavírus, denominada 2019-nCoV, até então não identificada em
humanos.
JO - Nota Técnica-SVS/SES-RJ
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS - 01
PG - 4-4
SP - 4
EP - 4
AN -
DO -
UR - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/9qj53
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Baricitinib as potential treatment for 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease
AU - Richardson, Peter
AU - Griffin, Ivan
AU - Tucker, Catherine
AU - Smith, Dan
AU - Oechsle, Olly
AU - Phelan, Anne
AU - Stebbing, Justin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30304-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Outbreak of novel Corona Virus (2019-nCoV); implications for travelers to
Pakistan?
AU - Rahman Qureshi, Ubaid Ur
AU - Saleem, Sadia
AU - Khan, Aisha
AU - Afzal, Muhammad Sohail
AU - Ali, Muhammad Shahzad
AU - Ahmed, Haroon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101571
SP - 101571
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China coronavirus: Hong Kong health staff strike to demand border closure as
city records first death
AU - Parry, Jane
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Hong Kong has reported its first death related to the novel coronavirus 2019-
nCoV, only the second fatality reported outside mainland China, as healthcare
workers in the city started unprecedented industrial action to put pressure on the
government to close the border and avert an escalation in the number of
infections.The 39 year old man, who had an underlying health condition, had
travelled to Wuhan on 21 January. In late January, after his return to Hong Kong,
he developed fever and myalgia. The Hong Kong Hospital Authority announced that he
had died on 3 February. The news coincided with the second day of industrial action
by members of the Hospital Authority Employees’ Alliance, a new labour union
representing around 9000 of the 67 000 staff employed by the Hospital Authority,
the statutory body that manages all of Hong Kong’s government hospitals.After a
strike by 2700 non-essential staff on 2 February, the …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m454
SP - m454
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m454
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emerging threats from zoonotic coronaviruses-from SARS and MERS to 2019-nCoV
AU - Lee, Ping-Ing
AU - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.02.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Updates on Wuhan 2019 Novel Coronavirus Epidemic
AU - Kofi Ayittey, Foster
AU - Dzuvor, Christian
AU - Kormla Ayittey, Matthew
AU - Bennita Chiwero, Nyasha
AU - Habib, Ahmed
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract What emerged in December 2019 as a cluster of respiratory ailments
with inexplicable etiological findings in Wuhan has now claimed roughly 259 lives,
sickened nearly 12 thousand more, and spread to at least 26 more nations including
Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao. This article is protected by copyright. All rights
reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25695
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus is putting the whole world on alert
AU - Khan, S.
AU - Ali, A.
AU - Siddique, R.
AU - Nabi, G.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.01.019
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The coronavirus outbreak: the central role of primary care in emergency
preparedness and response
AU - Dunlop, C.
AU - Howe, A.
AU - Li, D.
AU - Allen, L. N.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - BJGP open
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 31992543
DO - 10.3399/bjgpopen20X101041
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR
AU - Corman, V. M.
AU - Landt, O.
AU - Kaiser, M.
AU - Molenkamp, R.
AU - Meijer, A.
AU - Chu, D. K.
AU - Bleicker, T.
AU - Brünink, S.
AU - Schneider, J.
AU - Schmidt, M. L.
AU - Mulders, D. G.
AU - Haagmans, B. L.
AU - van der Veer, B.
AU - van den Brink, S.
AU - Wijsman, L.
AU - Goderski, G.
AU - Romette, J. L.
AU - Ellis, J.
AU - Zambon, M.
AU - Peiris, M.
AU - Goossens, H.
AU - Reusken, C.
AU - Koopmans, M. P.
AU - Drosten, C.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - BackgroundThe ongoing outbreak of the recently emerged novel coronavirus
(2019-nCoV) poses a challenge for public health laboratories as virus isolates are
unavailable while there is growing evidence that the outbreak is more widespread
than initially thought, and international spread through travellers does already
occur.AimWe aimed to develop and deploy robust diagnostic methodology for use in
public health laboratory settings without having virus material
available.MethodsHere we present a validated diagnostic workflow for 2019-nCoV, its
design relying on close genetic relatedness of 2019-nCoV with SARS coronavirus,
making use of synthetic nucleic acid technology.ResultsThe workflow reliably
detects 2019-nCoV, and further discriminates 2019-nCoV from SARS-CoV. Through
coordination between academic and public laboratories, we confirmed assay
exclusivity based on 297 original clinical specimens containing a full spectrum of
human respiratory viruses. Control material is made available through European
Virus Archive - Global (EVAg), a European Union infrastructure
project.ConclusionThe present study demonstrates the enormous response capacity
achieved through coordination of academic and public laboratories in national and
European research networks.
JO - Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles =
European communicable disease bulletin
PB -
CY -
VL - 25
IS - 3
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.3.2000045
subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630762201 http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-
7917.ES.2020.25.3.2000045
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - New coronavirus threat galvanizes scientists
AU - Cohen, J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB -
CY -
VL - 367
IS - 6477
PG - 492-493
SP - 492
EP - 493
AN - 32001631
DO - 10.1126/science.367.6477.492
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Opinion Wuhan coronavirus (2019-nCoV): The need to maintain regular physical
activity while taking precautions
AU - Chen, Peijie
AU - Mao, Lijuan
AU - Nassis, George P.
AU - Harmer, Peter
AU - Ainsworth, Barbara E.
AU - Li, Fuzhong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of 2019-nCoV—A Quick Overview and
Comparison with Other Emerging Viruses
AU - Chen, Jieliang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A zoonotic coronavirus, labeled as 2019-nCoV by The World Health Organization
(WHO), has been identified as the causative agent of the viral pneumonia outbreak
in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019. Although 2019-nCoV can cause a severe
respiratory illness like SARS and MERS, evidence from clinics suggested that 2019-
nCoV is generally less pathogenic than SARS-CoV, and much less than MERS-CoV. The
transmissibility of 2019-nCoV is still debated and needs to be further assessed. To
avoid the 2019-nCoV outbreak turning into an epidemic or even a pandemic and to
minimize the mortality rate, China activated emergency response procedures, but
much remains to be learned about the features of the virus to refine the risk
assessment and response. Here, the current knowledge in 2019-nCoV pathogenicity and
transmissibility is summarized in comparison with several commonly known emerging
viruses, and information urgently needed for a better control of the disease is
highlighted.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China coronavirus: Six questions scientists are asking
AU - Callaway, E.
AU - Cyranoski, D.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL - 577
IS - 7792
PG - 605-607
SP - 605
EP - 607
AN - 31992880
DO - 10.1038/d41586-020-00166-6
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Can an anti-HIV combination or other existing drugs outwit the new
coronavirus?
AU - Cohen, Jon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1126/science.abb0659
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/01/can-anti-hiv-combination-or-other-
existing-drugs-outwit-new-coronavirus
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing pneumonia-associated respiratory
syndrome
AU - Jiang, Shibo
AU - Xia, Shuai
AU - Ying, Tianlei
AU - Lu, Lu
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Cellular & Molecular Immunology AB -The novel coronavirus was denoted as
2019-nCoV by WHO (https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019)
and the Wuhan pneumonia was named as novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia (NCIP) by
Chinese scient
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41423-020-0372-4
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41423-020-0372-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Reducing mortality from 2019-nCoV: host-directed therapies should be an
option
AU - Zumla, Alimuddin
AU - Hui, David S.
AU - Azhar, Esam I.
AU - Memish, Ziad A.
AU - Maeurer, Markus
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30305-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin
AU - Zhou, Peng
AU - Yang, Xing-Lou
AU - Wang, Xian-Guang
AU - Hu, Ben
AU - Zhang, Lei
AU - Zhang, Wei
AU - Si, Hao-Rui
AU - Zhu, Yan
AU - Li, Bei
AU - Huang, Chao-Lin
AU - Chen, Hui-Dong
AU - Chen, Jing
AU - Luo, Yun
AU - Guo, Hua
AU - Jiang, Ren-Di
AU - Liu, Mei-Qin
AU - Chen, Ying
AU - Shen, Xu-Rui
AU - Wang, Xi
AU - Zheng, Xiao-Shuang
AU - Zhao, Kai
AU - Chen, Quan-Jiao
AU - Deng, Fei
AU - Liu, Lin-Lin
AU - Yan, Bing
AU - Zhan, Fa-Xian
AU - Wang, Yan-Yi
AU - Xiao, Geng-Fu
AU - Shi, Zheng-Li
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since the SARS outbreak 18 years ago, a large number of severe acute
respiratory syndrome-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoV) have been discovered in
their natural reservoir host, bats(1-4). Previous studies indicated that some of
those bat SARSr-CoVs have the potential to infect humans(5-7). Here we report the
identification and characterization of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) which caused
an epidemic of acute respiratory syndrome in humans in Wuhan, China. The epidemic,
which started from 12 December 2019, has caused 2,050 laboratory-confirmed
infections with 56 fatal cases by 26 January 2020. Full-length genome sequences
were obtained from five patients at the early stage of the outbreak. They are
almost identical to each other and share 79.5% sequence identify to SARS-CoV.
Furthermore, it was found that 2019-nCoV is 96% identical at the whole-genome level
to a bat coronavirus. The pairwise protein sequence analysis of seven conserved
non-structural proteins show that this virus belongs to the species of SARSr-CoV.
The 2019-nCoV virus was then isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of a
critically ill patient, which can be neutralized by sera from several patients.
Importantly, we have confirmed that this novel CoV uses the same cell entry
receptor, ACE2, as SARS-CoV.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7
SP - 10.1038/s41586
EP - 020
AN - 32015507
DO - 10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Early detection and disease assessment of patients with novel coronavirus
pneumonia
AU - Zhou, L.
AU - Liu, H. G.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019- nCoV) in wuhan,
China, attracting attention worldwidely. The novel coronavirus has the
characteristics of rapid transmission, atypical clinical symptoms, and easy to
affect both lungs, leading to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, as well as
difficult to detection and assessment at early stage. Fever, cough, myalgia,
weakness, dyspnea and imagings may be helpful for the early detection of novel
coronavirus pneumonia. At the same time, the rate of disease progression, fever, CT
manifestations, hypoxia degree, age, basic diseases, and laboratory indicators can
also be used to evaluate the severity of the novel coronavirus pneumonia.
JO - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E003-E003
SP - E003
EP - E003
AN - 32023686
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0003
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Origin and evolution of the 2019 novel coronavirus
AU - Liangsheng Zhang, Fu-ming Shen, Fei Chen, Zhenguo Lin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As of today, the intermediate host of 2019-nCoV has not been determined.
Considering that intermediate hosts are generally mammals [5], they are likely the
living mammals sold in the South China seafood market. Therefore, strengthening the
monitoring of wild mammals is an urgent measure to prevent similar viruses from
infecting humans in the future. More than 1,000 confirmed cases have been reported
in China. The number of provinces and cities in China as well as other Downloaded
from https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article-
abstract/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa112/5721420 by World Health Organization user on 06
February 2020 countries with confirmed cases are steadily increasing. It is
necessary to further strengthen the monitoring to ensure that it will not cause
diseases like Global Outbreak of 2003 SARS.
JO - Clinical Infectious Diseases,
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa112
UR - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa112/5721420
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Pulmonary rehabilitation guidelines in the principle of 4S for patients
infected with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU - Yang, F.
AU - Liu, N.
AU - Wu, J. Y.
AU - Hu, L. L.
AU - Su, G. S.
AU - Zheng, N. S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A recent epidemic of pneumonia cases in Wuhan China was caused by a novel
coronavirus with strong infectivity, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The
article provides the pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) methods in the principle of 4S
(simple, safe, satisfy, save) for patients with pneumonia caused by the novel
coronavirus, shows how to establish a ventilative and convectional PR environment
to prevent the spread of virus through droplets, how to guide the patients to carry
out PR, how to carry out respiratory muscle training, effective cough,
expectoration, sneeze, general exercise, digestive function rehabilitation and
psychological rehabilitation, and how to clean and disinfect the PR environment.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E004-E004
SP - E004
EP - E004
AN - 32023687
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0004
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and
modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission
AU - Xu, Xintian
AU - Chen, Ping
AU - Wang, Jingfang
AU - Feng, Jiannan
AU - Zhou, Hui
AU - Li, Xuan
AU - Zhong, Wu
AU - Hao, Pei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Sci China Life Sci
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1007/s11427-020-1637-5
SP - 10.1007/s11427
EP - 020
AN - 32009228
DO - 10.1007/s11427-020-1637-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Suggestions for prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in
otolaryngology head and neck surgery medical staff
AU - Xu, K.
AU - Lai, X. Q.
AU - Liu, Z.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The epidemic of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has
presented as a grim and complex situation recently. More than 11,000 cases of 2019-
nCoV infection has been confirmed in China until February 1(st) 2020, which are
causing great impact to economy and society, and seriously interfering with
ordinary medical practice of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery. This advice
guideline discusses the medical protection measures required in the outpatient
clinic as well as in operation ward in otolaryngology head and neck department,
which aims to protect medical staff from 2019-nCoV infection.
JO - Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 55
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN - 32023680
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2020.0001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China
AU - Wu, Fan
AU - Zhao, Su
AU - Yu, Bin
AU - Chen, Yan-Mei
AU - Wang, Wen
AU - Song, Zhi-Gang
AU - Hu, Yi
AU - Tao, Zhao-Wu
AU - Tian, Jun-Hua
AU - Pei, Yuan-Yuan
AU - Yuan, Ming-Li
AU - Zhang, Yu-Ling
AU - Dai, Fa-Hui
AU - Liu, Yi
AU - Wang, Qi-Min
AU - Zheng, Jiao-Jiao
AU - Xu, Lin
AU - Holmes, Edward C.
AU - Zhang, Yong-Zhen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Emerging infectious diseases, such as SARS and Zika, present a major threat
to public health(1-3). Despite intense research efforts, how, when and where new
diseases appear are still the source of considerable uncertainly. A severe
respiratory disease was recently reported in the city Wuhan, Hubei province, China.
Up to 25th of January 2020, at least 1,975 cases have been reported since the first
patient was hospitalized on the 12th of December 2019. Epidemiological
investigation suggested that the outbreak was associated with a seafood market in
Wuhan. We studied one patient who was a worker at the market, and who was admitted
to Wuhan Central Hospital on 26th of December 2019 experiencing a severe
respiratory syndrome including fever, dizziness and cough. Metagenomic RNA
sequencing(4) of a bronchoalveolar lavage fluid sample identified a novel RNA virus
from the family Coronaviridae, designed here as WH-Human-1 coronavirus.
Phylogenetic analysis of the complete viral genome (29,903 nucleotides) revealed
that the virus was most closely related (89.1% nucleotide similarity) to a group of
SARS-like coronaviruses (genus Betacoronavirus, subgenus Sarbecovirus) previously
sampled from bats in China. This outbreak highlights the ongoing capacity of viral
spill-over from animals to cause severe disease in humans.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1038/s41586-020-2008-3
SP - 10.1038/s41586
EP - 020
AN - 32015508
DO - 10.1038/s41586-020-2008-3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Diagnosis and clinical management of 2019 novel coronavirus infection: an
operational recommendation of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (V2.0)
AU - Working Group of Novel Coronavirus, Peking Union Medical College Hospital
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since December 2019, China has been experiencing an outbreak of new
infectious disease caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The clinical
features include fever, coughing, shortness of breath, and inflammatory pulmonary
infiltration revealed by X ray. China rapidly identified 2019-nCoV-related
pneumonia a statutory infectious disease. To standardize the diagnosis and
treatment of this new infectious disease, operational guidelines for the diagnosis
and management of 2019-nCoV infection is accomplished by Peking Union Medical
College Hospital.
JO - Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 59
IS - 3
PG - 186-188
SP - 186
EP - 188
AN - 32023681
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2020.03.003
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Travelers Give Wings to Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU - Wilson, Mary E.
AU - Chen, Lin H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/jtm/taaa015
UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa015
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A precision medicine approach to managing Wuhan Coronavirus pneumonia
AU - Minjin Wang, Yanbing Zhou, Zhiyong Zong, Zongan Liang, Yu Cao, Hong Tang, Bin
Song, Zixing Huang, Yan Kang, Ping Feng, Binwu Ying, Weimin Li
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December, 2019, several patients with pneumonia of an unknown cause were
detected in Wuhan, China. On January 7, 2020, the causal organism was identified as
a new coronavirus, later named as the “2019 novel coronavirus” (2019-nCoV). Genome
sequencing found the genetic sequence of 2019-nCoV homologous to that of Severe
Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus (SARS-CoV). As of January 29,
2020, the virus had been diagnosed in more than 7,000 patients in China and 77
outside this country. It is reported that both symptomatic and asymptomatic
patients with 2019-nCov can play a role in disease transmission via airborne and
contact. This finding has caused a great concern about the prevention of illness
spread. The clinical features of the infection are not specific and are often
indistinguishable from those of other respiratory infections, making it difficult
to diagnose. Given that the virus has a strong ability to spread between
individuals, it is of top priority to identify potential or suspected patients as
soon as possible. Or the virus may cause a serious pandemic. Therefore, a precision
medicine approach to managing this disease is urgently needed for detecting and
controlling the spread of the virus. In this article, we present such an approach
to managing 2019-nCoV-related pneumonia based on the unique traits of the virus
recently revealed, and on our experience with coronaviruses at West China Hospital
in Chengdu, China.
JO - Precision Clinical Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa002
UR - https://academic.oup.com/pcm/advance-
article/doi/10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa002/5722042
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Reporting, Epidemic Growth, and Reproduction Numbers for the 2019 Novel
Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Epidemic
AU - Tuite, Ashleigh R.
AU - Fisman, David N.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Ann Intern Med
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.7326/M20-0358
SP - 10.7326/M20
EP - 0358
AN - 32023340
DO - 10.7326/M20-0358
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-nCoV: new challenges from coronavirus
AU - Tian, H. Y.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV in Wuhan,
Hubei province of China, at the end of 2019 shaped tremendous challenges to China's
public health and clinical treatment. The virus belongs to the β genus Coronavirus
in the family Corornaviridae, and is closely related to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV,
causing severe symptoms of pneumonia. The virus is transmitted through droplets,
close contact, and other means, and patients in the incubation period could
potentially transmit the virus to other persons. According to current observations,
2019-nCoV is weaker than SARS in pathogenesis, but has stronger transmission
competence; it's mechanism of cross-species spread might be related with
angiotensin-converting enzyme Ⅱ (ACE2), which is consistent with the receptor SARS-
CoV. After the outbreak of this disease, Chinese scientists invested a lot of
energy to carry out research by developing rapid diagnostic reagents, identifying
the characters of the pathogen, screening out clinical drugs that may inhibit the
virus, and are rapidly developing vaccines. The emergence of 2019-nCoV reminds us
once again of the importance of establishing a systematic coronavirus surveillance
network. It also poses new challenges to prevention and control of the emerging
epidemic and rapidly responses on scientific research.
JO - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN - 32023682
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2020.0001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Prevention and control program on 2019 novel coronavirus infection in
Children's digestive endoscopy center
AU - Subspecialty Group of Gastroenterology, the Society of Pediatrics Chinese
Medical Association
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E003-E003
SP - E003
EP - E003
AN - 32023683
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0003
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: a
pressing issue
AU - Shen, Kun-Ling
AU - Yang, Yong-Hong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Clinical features of infected pediatric patients The age of onset ranged from
1 month to 17 years in the 28 confirmed pediatric patients. All were family
clusters or with a close contact history. The clinical features are variable in
pediatric patients. Several patients displayed no obvious clinical symptoms at
diagnosis, and they were found by screening because of close contacts with
confirmed patients; and further chest imaging suggested pneumonia. Several
gradually presented with fever, fatigue, dry cough, accompanied by other upper
respiratory symptoms including nasal congestion, runny nose, and seldom
gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Laboratory
examination in pediatric patients showed that blood routine was often normal, and
C-reactive protein was normal or transiently elevated. Lung imaging examination
revealed mild increase of lung markings or ground-glass opacity or pneumoniaID -
Shen2020
JO - World Journal of Pediatrics
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s12519-020-00344-6
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-020-00344-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - History is repeating itself, a probable zoonotic spillover as a cause of an
epidemic: the case of 2019 novel Coronavirus
AU - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
AU - Balbin-Ramon, Graciela Josefina
AU - Rabaan, Ali A.
AU - Sah, Ranjit
AU - Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto
AU - Pagliano, Pasquale
AU - Esposito, Silvano
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Pathogen transmission from a vertebrate animal to a human, also known as
zoonotic spillover, represents a global public health burden, which while
associated with multiple outbreaks, still remains a poorly understood phenomenon.
Coronaviruses, like influenza viruses, circulate in nature in various animal
species. Alpha-coronaviruses and beta-coronaviruses can infect mammals and gamma-
coronaviruses and delta-coronaviruses tend to infect birds, but some of them can
also be transmitted to mammals. Although still preliminary, current data suggest
that bats are the most probable initial source of the current 2019 novel CoV
(2019nCoV) outbreak, that begun on December 2019 in Wuhan, China, apparently
spreading from a "wet market" to multiple cities and provinces in China. This
epidemic of 2019nCoV, already reaching more than 6,000 cases to-day (end of January
2020) (>90% in China), will not be the last one linked to zoonotic spillover
events.
JO - Infez Med
PB -
CY -
VL - 28
IS - 1
PG - 3-5
SP - 3
EP - 5
AN - 32009128
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Pattern of early human-to-human transmission of Wuhan 2019 novel coronavirus
(2019-nCoV), December 2019 to January 2020
AU - Riou, Julien
AU - Althaus, Christian L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since December 2019, China has been experiencing a large outbreak of a novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV) which can cause respiratory disease and severe pneumonia.
We estimated the basic reproduction number R0 of 2019-nCoV to be around 2.2 (90%
high density interval: 1.4-3.8), indicating the potential for sustained human-to-
human transmission. Transmission characteristics appear to be of similar magnitude
to severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and pandemic
influenza, indicating a risk of global spread.
JO - Euro Surveill
PB -
CY -
VL - 25
IS - 4
PG - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.4.2000058
SP - 10.2807/1560
EP - 7917.ES.2020.25.4.2000058
AN - 32019669
DO - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.4.2000058
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) early-stage importation risk to Europe, January
2020
AU - Pullano, Giulia
AU - Pinotti, Francesco
AU - Valdano, Eugenio
AU - Boëlle, Pierre-Yves
AU - Poletto, Chiara
AU - Colizza, Vittoria
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As at 27 January 2020, 42 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) cases were confirmed
outside China. We estimate the risk of case importation to Europe from affected
areas in China via air travel. We consider travel restrictions in place, three
reported cases in France, one in Germany. Estimated risk in Europe remains high.
The United Kingdom, Germany and France are at highest risk. Importation from
Beijing and Shanghai would lead to higher and widespread risk for Europe.
JO - Euro Surveill
PB -
CY -
VL - 25
IS - 4
PG - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.4.2000057
SP - 10.2807/1560
EP - 7917.ES.2020.25.4.2000057
AN - 32019667
DO - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.4.2000057
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Effect of isolation practice on the transmission of middle east respiratory
syndrome coronavirus among hemodialysis patients: A 2-year prospective cohort study
AU - Park, Hayne Cho
AU - Lee, Sang-Ho
AU - Kim, Juhee
AU - Kim, Do Hyoung
AU - Cho, AJin
AU - Jeon, Hee Jung
AU - Oh, Jieun
AU - Noh, Jung-Woo
AU - Jeong, Da-Wun
AU - Kim, Yang-Gyun
AU - Lee, Chang-Hee
AU - Yoo, Kyung Don
AU - Lee, Young-Ki
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Hemodialysis (HD) patients had a high rate of infection transmission and
mortality during the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
outbreak in Saudi Arabia. A standardized guideline on isolation technique for
exposed HD patients is not available. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect
of different isolation strategies on the prevention of secondary viral transmission
and clinical outcomes among exposed HD patients.During the 2015 MERS-CoV outbreak
in Korea, 116 patients in 3 HD units were incidentally exposed to individuals with
confirmed MERS-CoV infection and underwent different types of isolation, which were
as follows: single-room isolation (n = 54, 47%), cohort isolation (n = 46, 40%),
and self-imposed quarantine (n = 16, 13%). The primary outcome was rate of
secondary viral transmission. The secondary outcome measures were changes in
clinical and biochemical markers during the isolation period, difference in
clinical and biochemical markers according to the types of isolation practice, and
effect of isolation practice on patient survival.During a mean isolation period of
15 days, no further cases of secondary transmission were detected among HD
patients. Plasma hemoglobin, serum calcium, and serum albumin levels and single-
pool Kt/V decreased during the isolation period but normalized thereafter. Patients
who were subjected to self-imposed quarantine had higher systolic and diastolic
blood pressure, lower total cholesterol level, and lower Kt/V than those who
underwent single-room or cohort isolation. During the 24-month follow-up period, 12
patients died. However, none of the deaths occurred during the isolation period,
and no differences were observed in patient survival rate according to different
isolation strategies.Although 116 participants in 3 HD units were incidentally
exposed to MERS-CoV during the 2015 outbreak in Korea, strict patient surveillance
and proper isolation practice prevented secondary transmission of the virus. Thus,
a renal disaster protocol, which includes proper contact surveillance and isolation
practice, must be established in the future to accommodate the needs of HD patients
during disasters or outbreaks.
JO - Medicine (Baltimore)
PB -
CY -
VL - 99
IS - 3
PG - e18782-e18782
SP - e18782
EP - e18782
AN - 32011472
DO - 10.1097/MD.0000000000018782
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Imaging changes in patients with 2019-nCov
AU - Pan, Yueying
AU - Guan, Hanxiong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - European Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00330-020-06713-z
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06713-z
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus latest: infections in China pass 20,000
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected thousands of people.
Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected thousands of people.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - SARS to novel coronavirus – old lessons and new lessons
AU - McCloskey, Brian
AU - Heymann, David L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The response to the novel coronavirus outbreak in China suggests that many of
the lessons from the 2003 SARS epidemic have been implemented and the response
improved as a consequence. Nevertheless some questions remain and not all lessons
have been successful. The national and international response demonstrates the
complex link between public health, science and politics when an outbreak threatens
to impact on global economies and reputations. The unprecedented measures
implemented in China are a bold attempt to control the outbreak – we need to
understand their effectiveness to balance costs and benefits for similar events in
the future. - Brian McCloskey, David L. Heymann
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL - Epidemiology & Infection
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1017/S0950268820000254
UR - https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/epidemiology-and-
infection/article/sars-to-novel-coronavirus-old-lessons-and-new-
lessons/E28FC07E555D77BFAB262A678099EA90
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - SARS to novel coronavirus - old lessons and new lessons
AU - McCloskey, Brian
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The response to the novel coronavirus outbreak in China suggests that many of
the lessons from the 2003 SARS epidemic have been implemented and the response
improved as a consequence. Nevertheless some questions remain and not all lessons
have been successful. The national and international response demonstrates the
complex link between public health, science and politics when an outbreak threatens
to impact on global economies and reputations. The unprecedented measures
implemented in China are a bold attempt to control the outbreak - we need to
understand their effectiveness to balance costs and benefits for similar events in
the future.
JO - Epidemiol Infect
PB -
CY -
VL - 148
IS -
PG - e22-e22
SP - e22
EP - e22
AN - 32019614
DO - 10.1017/S0950268820000254
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - How Coronaviruses Cause Infection—from Colds to Deadly Pneumonia
AU - Makin, Simon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The novel coronavirus outbreak raises questions about how such pathogens
evolve and what makes infections mild or severe
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-coronaviruses-cause-infection-
from-colds-to-deadly-pneumonia1/ © 2020 Clarivate Analytics
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China coronavirus should be on “everybody’s agenda,” says vaccine expert
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) should be on “everybody’s agenda,” says Seth
Berkley, chief executive officer of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. He said that, while
some responses may be “over-reaching,” what is currently known about the virus
suggests that it should be treated seriously.Berkley, who spoke at a briefing in
London on 4 February, told The BMJ that, although we “do not know enough right now
to honestly answer the question [of over-reaction],” it is better to prepare now
than to wait and see.“Does that mean that we should be having travel bans
everywhere in the world and all of those other responses? I think there are
certainly things that are over-reaching, but I think that the world is taking …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m476
SP - m476
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m476
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus: Australian GPs raise concerns about shortage of face masks
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - General practitioners in Australia have raised concerns over their safety and
the safety of their teams because of the lack of protective equipment, including
masks, which they said are needed to respond confidently to the novel coronavirus
outbreak.Medical equipment suppliers have posted notices on their websites stating
that they are no longer accepting orders of supplies such as masks, and GPs have
told The BMJ that they are struggling to get hold of the supplies they need. The
Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) said that the recent
bushfires had led to …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m477
SP - m477
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m477
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Role of Augmented Intelligence (AI) in Detecting and Preventing the
Spread of Novel Coronavirus
AU - Long, Justin B.
AU - Ehrenfeld, Jesse M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The 2019-nCov will not be the last epidemic to challenge public health
experts. The growth of AI-driven techniques to identify epidemiologic risks early
will be key to our improvement of prediction, prevention, and detection of future
global health risks. The devastating situation in Wuhan, China and future epidemics
will also find value in ongoing research in 2019-nCov case detection, spread
prediction, treatment effectiveness, and containment. The wide variety, velocity,
and veracity of data now available in crises yield data sets that many researchers
will now need to incorporate into evermore complex models. This requires expansion
of talent within AI for healthcare applications. AI is no longer a niche research
area nor is it a tool for the most advanced healthcare systems only, its global
impact on healthcare is real and its potential to save lives in this epidemic as
well as future epidemics should not be underestimated. It is critical to the global
health of all humankind for the scientific community to embrace AI and leverage its
power in securing our collective future.ER -
JO - Journal of Medical Systems
PB -
CY -
VL - 44
IS - 3
PG - 59
SP - 59
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s10916-020-1536-6
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-020-1536-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Learning from the Past: Possible Urgent Prevention and Treatment Options for
Severe Acute Respiratory Infections Caused by 2019-nCoV
AU - Liu, Wenshe
AU - Morse, Jared S.
AU - Lalonde, Tyler
AU - Xu, Shiqing
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - With the current trajectory of the 2019-nCoV outbreak unknown, public health
and medicinal measures will both be needed to contain spreading of the virus and to
optimize patient outcomes. While little is known about the virus, an examination of
the genome sequence shows strong homology with its more well-studied cousin, SARS-
CoV. The spike protein used for host cell infection shows key nonsynonymous
mutations which may hamper efficacy of previously developed therapeutics but
remains a viable target for the development of biologics and macrocyclic peptides.
Other key drug targets, including RdRp and 3CLpro, share a strikingly high (>95%)
homology to SARS-CoV. Herein, we suggest 4 potential drug candidates (an ACE2-based
peptide, remdesivir, 3CLpro-1 and a novel vinylsulfone protease inhibitor) that
could be used to treat patients suffering with the 2019-nCoV. We also summarize
previous efforts and hope to help develop broad spectrum anti-coronaviral agents
for future epidemics.
JO - ChemBioChem
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/cbic.202000047
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.202000047
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - New virus in China requires international control effort
AU - Liu, S. L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL - 577
IS - 7791
PG - 472
SP - 472
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/d41586-020-00135-z
020-00135-z
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia
AU - Liu, Peng
AU - Tan, Xian-Zheng
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200257-200257
SP - 200257
EP - 200257
AN - 32013795
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200257
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus infection during the 2019–2020 epidemic: preparing
intensive care units—the experience in Sichuan Province, China
AU - Liao, Xuelian
AU - Wang, Bo
AU - Kang, Yan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Novel coronavirus infection special intensive care team We set up a special
emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team to discuss the problems that we
might encounter and countermeasures. Team members include intensive care unit (ICU)
physician, infectious disease physician, nurse, respiratory therapist, nosocomial
infection control expert, and administrative staff. We first evaluated the
isolation conditions and the capacity of our department to admit a larger number of
patients. Second, we specified the protection levels for different types of health
care activities. Third, we assigned special work such as patient screening,
consultation, and transfer to designated staff to minimize the number of health
workers who had contact with patients with nCoV infection.ID - LiaoER -
JO - Intensive Care Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00134-020-05954-2
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05954-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Origin and evolution of the 2019 novel coronavirus - Supplementary data
AU - Liangsheng Zhang, Fu-ming Shen, Fei Chen, Zhenguo Lin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As of today, the intermediate host of 2019-nCoV has not been determined.
Considering that intermediate hosts are generally mammals [5], they are likely the
living mammals sold in the South China seafood market. Therefore, strengthening the
monitoring of wild mammals is an urgent measure to prevent similar viruses from
infecting humans in the future. More than 1,000 confirmed cases have been reported
in China. The number of provinces and cities in China as well as other Downloaded
from https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article-
abstract/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa112/5721420 by World Health Organization user on 06
February 2020 countries with confirmed cases are steadily increasing. It is
necessary to further strengthen the monitoring to ensure that it will not cause
diseases like Global Outbreak of 2003 SARS.
JO - Clinical Infectious Diseases,
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa112
UR - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa112/5721420
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential antiviral therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus
AU - Li, H.
AU - Wang, Y. M.
AU - Xu, J. Y.
AU - Cao, B.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The recent outbreak of respiratory illness in Wuhan, China is caused by a
novel coronavirus, named 2019-nCoV, which is genetically close to a bat-derived
coronavirus. 2019-nCoV is categorized as beta genus coronavirus, same as the two
other strains - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle
East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Antiviral drugs commonly used in
clinical practice, including neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, paramivir,
zanamivir, etc.), ganciclovir, acyclovir and ribavirin, are invalid for 2019-nCoV
and not recommended. Drugs are possibly effective for 2019-nCoV include:
remdesivir, lopinavir / ritonavir, lopinavir / ritonavir combined with interferon-
β, convalescent plasma, and monoclonal antibodies. But the efficacy and safety of
these drugs for 2019-nCoV pneumonia patients need to be assessed by further
clinical trials.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN - 32023685
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0002
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus outbreak: what's next?
AU - Lewis, Dyani
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL - 578
IS - 7793
PG - 15-16
SP - 15
EP - 16
AN - 32020111
DO - 10.1038/d41586-020-00236-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Mast cells contribute to coronavirus-induced inflammation: new anti-
inflammatory strategy
AU - Kritas, S. K.
AU - Ronconi, G.
AU - Caraffa, Al
AU - Gallenga, C. E.
AU - Ross, R.
AU - Conti, P.
PY - 2019
PD -
N2 - Coronavirus, which can cause respiratory syndrome, to date has affected over
seventeen thousand individuals, especially in China. Coronavirus is interspecies
and can also be transmitted from man to man, with an incubation ranging from 1 to
14 days. Human coronavirus infections can induce not only mild to severe
respiratory diseases, but also inflammation, high fever, cough, acute respiratory
tract infection and dysfunction of internal organs that may lead to death.
Coronavirus infection (regardless of the various types of corona virus) is
primarily attacked by immune cells including mast cells (MCs), which are located in
the submucosa of the respiratory tract and in the nasal cavity and represent a
barrier of protection against microorganisms. Viral activate MCs release early
inflammatory chemical compounds including histamine and protease; while late
activation provokes the generation of pro-inflammatory IL-1 family members
including IL-1, IL-6 and IL-33. Here, we propose for the first time that
inflammation by coronavirus may be inhibited by anti-inflammatory cytokines
belonging to the IL-1 family members.
JO - J Biol Regul Homeost Agents
PB -
CY -
VL - 34
IS - 1
PG - 10.23812/20-Editorial-Kritas
SP - 10.23812/20
EP - Editorial
AN - 32013309
DO - 10.23812/20-Editorial-Kritas
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Chest CT Findings in 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infections from
Wuhan, China: Key Points for the Radiologist
AU - Kanne, Jeffrey P.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200241-200241
SP - 200241
EP - 200241
AN - 32017662
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200241
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The mental health of medical workers in Wuhan, China dealing with the 2019
novel coronavirus
AU - Kang, Lijun
AU - Li, Yi
AU - Hu, Shaohua
AU - Chen, Min
AU - Yang, Can
AU - Yang, Bing Xiang
AU - Wang, Ying
AU - Hu, Jianbo
AU - Lai, Jianbo
AU - Ma, Xiancang
AU - Chen, Jun
AU - Guan, Lili
AU - Wang, Gaohua
AU - Ma, Hong
AU - Liu, Zhongchun
PY -
PD -
N2 - The severe situation is causing mental health problems such as stress,
anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia, denial, anger, and fear. These mental
health problems not only affect the medical workers' attention, understanding, and
decision making ability, which might hinder the fight against 2019-nCoV, but could
also have a lasting effect on their overall wellbeing. Protecting the mental health
of these medical workers is thus important for control of the epidemic and their
own long-term health. The local government of Wuhan has implemented policies to
address these mental health problems. Medical staff infected with 2019-nCoV while
at work will be identified as having work-related injuries.As of Jan 25, 2020, 1230
medical workers have been sent from other provinces to Wuhan to care for patients
who are infected and those with suspected infection, strengthen logistics support,
and help reduce the pressure on health-care personnel.Most general hospitals in
Wuhan have established a shift system to allow front-line medical workers to rest
and to take turns in high-pressured roles. Online platforms with medical advice
have been provided to share information on how to decrease the risk of transmission
between the patients in medical settings, which aims to eventually reduce the
pressure on medical workers.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30047-X
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30047-X
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Novel Coronavirus: A Bird's Eye View
AU - Habibzadeh, Parham
AU - Stoneman, Emily K.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak, which initially began in China,
has spread to many countries around the globe, with the number of confirmed cases
increasing every day. With a death toll exceeding that of the SARS-CoV outbreak
back in 2002 and 2003 in China, 2019-nCoV has led to a public health emergency of
international concern, putting all health organizations on high alert. Herein, we
present on an overview of the currently available information on the pathogenesis,
epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of this virus.
JO - Int J Occup Environ Med
PB -
CY -
VL - 11
IS - 2
PG - 65-71
SP - 65
EP - 71
AN - 32020915
DO - 10.15171/ijoem.2020.1921
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The first two cases of 2019-nCoV in Italy: where they come from?
AU - Giovanetti, Marta
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - ABSTRACT A novel Coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, has been identified as the causal
pathogen of an ongoing epidemic, with the first cases reported in Wuhan, China,
last December 2019, and has since spread to other countries worldwide, included
Europe and very recently Italy. In this short report, phylogenetic reconstruction
was used to better understand the transmission dynamic of the virus from its first
introduction in China focusing on the more recent evidence of infection in a couple
of Chinese tourists arrived in Italy on 23rd January 2020 and labeled as
Coronavirus Italian cases. A Maximum Clade Credibility tree has been built using a
dataset of 54 genome sequences of 2019-nCoV plus 2 closely related bat strains
(SARS-like CoV) available in GeneBank. Bayesian time-scaled phylogenetic analysis
was implemented in BEAST 1.10.4. The Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction showed
that the 2019-2020 nCoV firstly introduced in Wuhan on the 25th November 2019,
started epidemic transmission reaching many countries worldwide, including Europe
and Italy where the two strains isolated dated back 19th January 2020, the same
that the Chinese tourists arrived in Italy. Strains isolated outside China were
intermixed with strains isolated in China as evidence of likely imported cases in
Rome, Italy and Europe, as well. In conclusion, this report suggests that further
spread of 2019-nCoV epidemic was supported by human mobility and that quarantine of
suspected or diagnosed cases is useful to prevent further transmission. Viral
genome phylogenetic analysis represents a useful tool for evaluation of
transmission dynamics and preventive action. This article is protected by
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25699
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus : rester proactif
AU - Gardier, Stéphany
AU - Petignat, Christiane
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Rev Med Suisse
PB -
CY -
VL - 16
IS - 680
PG - 296-296
SP - 296
EP - 296
AN - 32022502
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Efficient management of novel coronavirus pneumonia by efficient prevention
and control in scientific manner
AU - Gao, Z. C.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - At the end of 2019, sporadic and clustered case with "pneumonia of unknown
origin" emerged in Wuhan, Hubei province. The causative pathogen was quickly
confirmed as "2019-nCoV" . The epidemic soon spread throughout the country and
became a pandemic in over a month. Government and medical institutions across the
country mobilized all kinds of resources and took a variety of measures to actively
treat patients and stop the epidemic. Based on current studies, the author
summarized the clinical characteristics and evolution of the novel viral pneumonia,
and proposed the key points of diagnosis and treatment, the scientific management
of both confirmed and suspected cases, and the scientific management of disease
prevention and control.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN - 32023684
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Facing the pandemic of 2019 novel coronavirus infections: the pediatric
perspectives
AU - Fang, F.
AU - Luo, X. P.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN - 32023678
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Note from the editors: World Health Organization declares novel coronavirus
(2019-nCoV) sixth public health emergency of international concern
AU - Eurosurveillance Editorial, Team
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Euro Surveill
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.5.200131e
SP - 10.2807/1560
EP - 7917.ES.2020.25.5.200131e
AN - 32019636
DO - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.5.200131e
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): Novel Virus, Old Challenges
AU - Duarte, Raquel
AU - Furtado, Isabel
AU - Sousa, Luís
AU - Carvalho, Carlos Filipe Afonso
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Acta Med Port
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.20344/amp.13547
SP - 10.20344/amp.13547
EP -
AN - 32023427
DO - 10.20344/amp.13547
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019 Novel Coronavirus—Important Information for Clinicians
AU - del Rio, Carlos
AU - Malani, Preeti N.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In early December 2019 a patient was diagnosed with an unusual pneumonia in
the city of Wuhan, China. By December 31 the World Health Organization (WHO)
regional office in Beijing had received notification of a cluster of patients with
pneumonia of unknown cause from the same city. Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei
Province in central China, is the nation’s seventh largest city, with a population
of 11 million people. Over the next few days, researchers at the Wuhan Institute of
Virology performed metagenomics analysis using next-generation sequencing from a
sample collected from a bronchoalveolar lavage and identified a novel coronavirus
as the potential etiology. They called it novel coronavirus 2019 (nCoV-2019). The
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) refers to it as 2019 novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV).
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.1490
UR - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.1490
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - ‘This beast is moving very fast.’ Will the new coronavirus be contained—or go
pandemic?
AU - Cohen, Kai Kupferschmidt
AU - Jon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The silver lining of the epidemic is that scientists have collected and
shared information at record speed. “Every day that goes by we know more and every
day that goes by we can do better modeling,” Vespignani says. “Unfortunately, this
beast is moving very fast.”
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/beast-moving-very-fast-will-new-
coronavirus-be-contained-or-go-pandemic
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - CT Imaging Features of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU - Chung, Michael
AU - Bernheim, Adam
AU - Mei, Xueyan
AU - Zhang, Ning
AU - Huang, Mingqian
AU - Zeng, Xianjian
AU - Cui, Jiufa
AU - Xu, Wenjian
AU - Yang, Yang
AU - Fayad, Zahi
AU - Jacobi, Adam
AU - Li, Kunwei
AU - Li, Shaolin
AU - Shan, Hong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In this retrospective case series, chest CT scans of 21 symptomatic patients
from China infected with the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) were reviewed with
emphasis on identifying and characterizing the most common findings. Typical CT
findings included bilateral pulmonary parenchymal ground-glass and consolidative
pulmonary opacities, sometimes with a rounded morphology and a peripheral lung
distribution. Notably, lung cavitation, discrete pulmonary nodules, pleural
effusions, and lymphadenopathy were absent. Follow-up imaging in a subset of
patients during the study time window often demonstrated mild or moderate
progression of disease as manifested by increasing extent and density of lung
opacities.
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200230-200230
SP - 200230
EP - 200230
AN - 32017661
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200230
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for pediatric respiratory infection
caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus
AU - Chen, Zhi-Min
AU - Fu, Jun-Fen
AU - Shu, Qiang
AU - Chen, Ying-Hu
AU - Hua, Chun-Zhen
AU - Li, Fu-Bang
AU - Lin, Ru
AU - Tang, Lan-Fang
AU - Wang, Tian-Lin
AU - Wang, Wei
AU - Wang, Ying-Shuo
AU - Xu, Wei-Ze
AU - Yang, Zi-Hao
AU - Ye, Sheng
AU - Yuan, Tian-Ming
AU - Zhang, Chen-Mei
AU - Zhang, Yuan-Yuan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since December 2019, an epidemic caused by novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
infection has occurred unexpectedly in China. As of 8 pm, 31 January 2020, more
than 20 pediatric cases have been reported in China. Of these cases, ten patients
were identified in Zhejiang Province, with an age of onset ranging from 112 days to
17 years. Following the latest National recommendations for diagnosis and treatment
of pneumonia caused by 2019-nCoV (the 4th edition) and current status of clinical
practice in Zhejiang Province, recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of
respiratory infection caused by 2019-nCoV for children were drafted by the National
Clinical Research Center for Child Health, the National Children’s Regional Medical
Center, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine to further
standardize the protocol for diagnosis and treatment of respiratory infection in
children caused by 2019-nCoV.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s12519-020-00345-5
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-020-00345-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - RNA based mNGS approach identifies a novel human coronavirus from two
individual pneumonia cases in 2019 Wuhan outbreak
AU - Chen, Liangjun
AU - Liu, Weiyong
AU - Zhang, Qi
AU - Xu, Ke
AU - Ye, Guangming
AU - Wu, Weichen
AU - Sun, Ziyong
AU - Liu, Fang
AU - Wu, Kailang
AU - Zhong, Bo
AU - Mei, Yi
AU - Zhang, Wenxia
AU - Chen, Yu
AU - Li, Yirong
AU - Shi, Mang
AU - Lan, Ke
AU - Liu, Yingle
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - From December 2019, an outbreak of unusual pneumonia was reported in Wuhan
with many cases linked to Huanan Seafood Market that sells seafood as well as live
exotic animals. We investigated two patients who developed acute respiratory
syndromes after independent contact history with this market. The two patients
shared common clinical features including fever, cough, and multiple ground-glass
opacities in the bilateral lung field with patchy infiltration. Here, we highlight
the use of a low-input metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) approach on
RNA extracted from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). It rapidly identified a
novel coronavirus (named 2019-nCoV according to World Health Organization
announcement) which was the sole pathogens in the sample with very high abundance
level (1.5% and 0.62% of total RNA sequenced). The entire viral genome is 29,881 nt
in length (GenBank MN988668 and MN988669, Sequence Read Archive database Bioproject
accession PRJNA601736) and is classified into β-coronavirus genus. Phylogenetic
analysis indicates that 2019-nCoV is close to coronaviruses (CoVs) circulating in
Rhinolophus (Horseshoe bats), such as 98.7% nucleotide identity to partial RdRp
gene of bat coronavirus strain BtCoV/4991 (GenBank KP876546, 370 nt sequence of
RdRp and lack of other genome sequence) and 87.9% nucleotide identity to bat
coronavirus strain bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21. Evolutionary analysis based
on ORF1a/1b, S, and N genes also suggests 2019-nCoV is more likely a novel CoV
independently introduced from animals to humans.
JO - Emerg Microbes Infect
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 1
PG - 313-319
SP - 313
EP - 319
AN - 32020836
DO - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1725399
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China coronavirus: labs worldwide scramble to analyse live samples
AU - Callaway, Ewen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL - 578
IS - 7793
PG - 16-16
SP - 16
EP - 16
AN - 32020116
DO - 10.1038/d41586-020-00262-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - First case of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children in Shanghai
AU - Cai, J. H.
AU - Wang, X. S.
AU - Ge, Y. L.
AU - Xia, A. M.
AU - Chang, H. L.
AU - Tian, H.
AU - Zhu, Y. X.
AU - Wang, Q. R.
AU - Zeng, J. S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN - 32023679
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0002
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Immunoinformatics-aided identification of T cell and B cell epitopes in the
surface glycoprotein of 2019-nCoV
AU - Baruah, Vargab
AU - Bose, Sujoy
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak has caused a large
number of deaths with thousands of confirmed cases worldwide, especially in East
Asia. This study took an immunoinformatics approach to identify significant
cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and B cell epitopes in the 2019-nCoV surface
glycoprotein. Also, interactions between identified CTL epitopes and their
corresponding MHC class I supertype representatives prevalent in China were studied
by molecular dynamics simulations. We identified five CTL epitopes, three
sequential B cell epitopes and five discontinuous B cell epitopes in the viral
surface glycoprotein. Also, during simulations, the CTL epitopes were observed to
be binding MHC class I peptide-binding grooves via multiple contacts, with
continuous hydrogen bonds and salt bridge anchors, indicating their potential in
generating immune responses. Some of these identified epitopes can be potential
candidates for development of 2019-nCoV vaccines. This article is protected by
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25698
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - La comunicación científica y el acceso abierto en la contención de
enfermedades: El caso del Coronavirus novel 2019 (2019-nCoV)
AU - Arteaga-Livias, Franz K.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Revista Peruana de Investigación en Salud
PB -
CY -
VL - 4
IS - 1
PG - 07-88
SP - 07
EP - 88
AN -
DO - 10.35839/repis.4.1.613
UR - https://dx.doi.org/10.35839/repis.4.1.613
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - ‘This beast is moving very fast.’ Will the new coronavirus be contained—or go
pandemic? | Science | AAAS
AU - @NewsfromScience
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Modelers are trying to forecast how the virus will move, but they need better
data
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/beast-moving-very-fast-will-new-
coronavirus-be-contained-or-go-pandemic
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Initial Public Health Response and Interim Clinical Guidance for the 2019
Novel Coronavirus Outbreak — United States, December 31, 2019–February 4, 2020 |
MMWR
AU - @CDCgov
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - CDC, multiple other federal agencies, state and local health departments, and
other partners are implementing aggressive measures to slow transmission of 2019-
nCoV in the United States, be ready if widespread transmission occurs, and work on
medical countermeasures.
JO -
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VL -
IS -
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SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6905e1.htm?
s_cid=mm6905e1_w#suggestedcitation
NS -
N1 - elizabeth mumford (2020-02-15 02:03:51)(Included): linked with #829 and #454;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Communication, collaboration and cooperation can stop the 2019 coronavirus
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Nat Med
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1038/s41591-020-0775-x
SP - 10.1038/s41591
EP - 020
AN - 32015560
DO - 10.1038/s41591-020-0775-x
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Calling all coronavirus researchers: keep sharing, stay open
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL - 578
IS - 7793
PG - 7-7
SP - 7
EP - 7
AN - 32020126
DO - 10.1038/d41586-020-00307-x
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Technical guidance for laboratory testing of 2019-nCoV infection (third
edition)
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - What next for the coronavirus response?
AU - Zarocostas, John
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10222
PG - 401
SP - 401
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30292-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - What goes on board aircraft? Passengers include Aedes, Anopheles, 2019-nCoV,
dengue, Salmonella, Zika, et al
AU - Wilson, Mary E.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101572
SP - 101572
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - What to do next to control the 2019-nCoV epidemic?
AU - Wang, Fu-Sheng
AU - Zhang, Chao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10222
PG - 391-393
SP - 391
EP - 393
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30300-7
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30300-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Revisiting the dangers of the coronavirus in the ophthalmology practice
AU - Seah, Ivan
AU - Su, Xinyi
AU - Lingam, Gopal
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A possible threat in the ophthalmology clinic While the 2019-nCoV
transmission route is still unknown, countries have been preparing measures based
on past experiences with coronaviruses namely SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. These viruses
transmit primarily through droplets and other bodily secretions. In the
ophthalmology practice, healthcare workers may be particularly susceptible to these
infections. Firstly, ophthalmologists are extremely reliant on physical examination
during patient consultation. Of particular concern is the proximity between the
patient and ophthalmologist during the slit lamp microscope examination. It has
been shown that droplets from a cough or sneeze can be propelled for up to 6?m [8],
a range that definitely encompasses the distance between the patient and
ophthalmologist. Secondly, during the SARS-CoV epidemic, clinical reports have
suggested tears as a medium of infection. In a case series by Loon et al., it was
shown that viral RNA of the SARS-CoV can be detected by reverse-transcription
polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from the tears of infected individuals [9].
While anecdotal in nature, such accounts highlight the possible infectivity of
tears, a fluid which ophthalmologists and instruments come in contact on a daily
basis. If true, this represents a crucial need for further development of
disinfection and personal protective equipment (PPE) protocols for the
ophthalmology clinic.SN - 1476-5454
JO - Eye
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41433-020-0790-7
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-020-0790-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China virus response criticized as slow
AU - Science, American Association for the Advancement of
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As the novel coronavirus that emerged in Wuhan spreads worldwide (p. 610),
China is facing criticism that its initial response was slow, and questions persist
about officials' openness. People in and outside of China have praised an early
warning about mysterious illnesses, sounded in a message sent 30 December 2019 by
Li Wenliang, an ophthalmologist at a Wuhan hospital, to his medical school
classmates. On 3 January, however, local police summoned Li, chastised him for
spreading socially disruptive rumors, and made him sign a letter of self-criticism.
He has since become infected and was hospitalized. Last week, the country's highest
court faulted Li's detention as overreach. China is waging a fierce battle against
the virus; it built a new, 1000-bed hospital in Wuhan in just 10 days, and Chinese
scientists have published several papers on the virus. But in a 30 January
statement leaked on social media, China's Ministry of Science and Technology urged
researchers to pour their efforts into stopping its spread instead. “Until the task
of prevention and control is completed, the focus should not be on the publication
of papers,” the statement says As the novel coronavirus that emerged in Wuhan
spreads worldwide (p. [610][1]), China is facing criticism that its initial
response was slow, and questions persist about officials' openness. People in and
outside of China have praised an early warning about mysterious illnesses, sounded
in a message sent 30 December 2019 by Li Wenliang, an ophthalmologist at a Wuhan
hospital, to his medical school classmates. On 3 January, however, local police
summoned Li, chastised him for spreading socially disruptive rumors, and made him
sign a letter of self-criticism. He has since become infected and was hospitalized.
Last week, the country's highest court faulted Li's detention as overreach. China
is waging a fierce battle against the virus; it built a new, 1000-bed hospital in
Wuhan in just 10 days, and Chinese scientists have published several papers on the
virus. But in a 30 January statement leaked on social media, China's Ministry of
Science and Technology urged researchers to pour their efforts into stopping its
spread instead. “Until the task of prevention and control is completed, the focus
should not be on the publication of papers,” the statement says. > “Employees … are
questioning whether they should post potentially life-saving info or check tweets
first.” > > A September 2019 email by a National Weather Service official ,
reported by The Washington Post, after superiors rebuked forecasters for
contradicting the president's inaccurate tweets about Hurricane Dorian's path. ###
Agriculture The largest plague of desert locusts ( Schistocerca gregaria ) in
decades is advancing across the Horn of Africa, consuming crops and threatening
famine. The problem began in 2018 when unusually heavy rains on the Arabian
Peninsula allowed populations to boom over several generations. In October 2019,
the locusts swarmed south into Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somalia, and in late
December, they spread to Kenya, causing the worst infestation there in 70 years.
Somalia—which last week declared a national emergency and asked for increased food
aid—has already lost 100,000 hectares of crops and pasture. Another generation of
locusts will likely hatch this month and cause more damage. The Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations called for $70 million to fight the
outbreak with pesticides and help farmers. ### Glaciology After dropping sensors
and a torpedo-shaped robot through a 700-meter hole in the ice, scientists in
Antarctica last week revealed the first direct evidence that warm ocean
temperatures around the rapidly retreating Thwaites Glacier could destabilize the
key ice sheet. Researchers are worried because Thwaites—larger than the state of
Illinois—helps block the ocean from reaching and warming the even bigger, unstable
West Antarctic Ice Sheet, whose melting could eventually drive meters of sea level
rise. Battling 2 months of stormy conditions, the team measured ocean waters
beneath Thwaites at more than 2°C above the freezing point. The robot, Icefin
(above, shown operating elsewhere in Antarctica), provided the first images of the
glacier's grounding zone, the mysterious boundary where the floating coastal ice
sheet attaches to bedrock. The project is part of the International Thwaites
Glacier Collaboration, a multiyear effort by the United States and the United
Kingdom that is wrapping up its first full field season. ### Leadership Some
researchers in Colombia are calling for a little-known molecular biologist
appointed as the country's first ever science minister to resign. They are outraged
by reports that she treated cancer patients with a fungal extract, without running
a formal clinical trial. “We can only regret that the course of how to do science
in our country has been left in the hands of pseudoscience,” the Colombian
Association of Medical Faculties wrote in a statement. In December 2019, Mabel
Gisela Torres Torres was appointed to lead the newly created Ministry of Science,
Technology and Innovation. In January, she told a newspaper she did not seek formal
ethical, safety, and efficacy reviews of her work with patients because she
believed the fungus posed no threat to human health. Her Ph.D. adviser has defended
her and notes that metabolites in the fungi Torres studied have shown potential as
a cancer treatment in cell and mouse studies. ### Environmental science ![Figure]
[2] CREDITS: (GRAPHIC) J. BRAINARD/ SCIENCE ; (DATA) UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE FOR WATER, ENVIRONMENT, AND HEALTH The world's growing flows of
wastewater offer a largely untapped, potentially lucrative source of energy,
agricultural fertilizers, and water for irrigation, a comprehensive study says. The
opportunities will increase as the annual volume of wastewater—now 380 billion
cubic meters—expands by an estimated 51% by 2050, as populations and incomes
multiply, says a team led by researchers at United Nations University's Institute
for Water, Environment, and Health. About 13% of global demand for fertilizer could
be met by recovering nitrogen, phosphorus, and potash from wastewater; such use
provides a bonus, diverting nutrients from waterways, where they can create harmful
eutrophication. Sewage also offers an alternative energy source. The need to plan
and finance such recovery efforts is greatest in “low- and middle-income countries,
where most municipal wastewater still goes into the environment untreated,” says
the study, published 27 January in Natural Resources Forum. ### Conservation A
decision by South Africa's government to allow breeding and genetic research on
more than 30 wild species—including rhinos, lions, and cheetahs—could considerably
reduce their genetic diversity, scientists warned last week. The government's
action has been interpreted to allow breeders to select for commercially desirable
traits, such as longer horns or larger body size; that could create genetic
bottlenecks by promoting a few stud lines, the researchers wrote in the South
African Journal of Science. They added that it may prove expensive or impossible to
keep the intensively bred animals from mating with wild counterparts. A handful of
game ranchers requested the policy, which South Africa announced in May 2019
without consulting the public or studying potential consequences. Game ranching —
for hunting, meat, and tourism—already occupies more than 15% of the country, and
the government wants to expand the industry. ### Funding The U.S. National Science
Foundation (NSF) announced this week seven winners in its contest for “big ideas”
to address societal problems. Four winning teams will receive $26,000 each to
develop ideas on topics ranging from using artificial intelligence for complex
problem-solving to developing small-scale technologies that sequester carbon
dioxide. Three more teams earned $10,000 as runners-up. The 2026 Idea Machine
contest attracted almost 800 submissions, and although some high schoolers made it
to the semifinals, all the winners work at research institutions. NSF hopes to fund
workshops and exploratory grants to further develop these and other ideas from
contestants. ### Publishing A software company said last week it has teamed up with
publishing giant Wiley to roll out in mid-2020 a tool that can signal whether
findings in Wiley's scientific papers are reproducible. The software, called
[Scite.ai][3], uses artificial intelligence to examine articles that cite a paper,
and determines and displays whether they provide evidence supporting or
contradicting the paper's findings. Users can browse and search the relevant text
of the citing articles. Scite CEO Josh Nicholson says the software allows users to
home in on articles that attempted to reproduce a study; of every 100 citations
analyzed, Scite has found that 94 merely note the paper cited. The addition of
Wiley's articles will expand Scite's current trove of more than 14 million papers
from other publishers, most in the biomedical sciences. Nicholson expects his
company to sign agreements with additional publishers to analyze their articles.
### Biomedicine The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI) said this week it will award
$13.5 million to 30 patient advocacy groups to support their work finding
treatments for rare diseases. Of an estimated 7000 rare diseases, fewer than 5%
have treatments approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Each group will
receive $450,000 over 2 years as well as training and mentoring as part of the
foundation's Rare As One Project, launched last year to help advocates develop
networks of patients, clinicians, and scientists. Most of the diseases are
autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and other inherited disorders, but the list of
diseases also includes rare cancers.
CZI, founded by Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg and pediatrician Priscilla Chan, his
wife, has made a few other awards to rare disease groups. The initiative expected
to make just 10 Rare As One awards but tripled the number after receiving 275
applications. ### Conservation The Trump administration proposed last week to end
penalties on owners of open oil storage ponds and other industrial operations that
kill birds accidentally. The administration will instead encourage voluntary
efforts to protect birds. Conservation groups cried foul, saying the change to the
Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 will only embolden companies to take actions that
threaten vulnerable species. ### BRAIN Initiative gets leader Since its launch in
2013, the U.S. Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies
(BRAIN) Initiative has doled out about $1.3 billion to develop tools that map and
manipulate the brain. Until now, the multiagency effort has had no formal director.
But last week, neurobiologist John Ngai of the University of California, Berkeley,
was named to take the helm in March. (A longer version of the interview is at
<https://scim.ag/BRAINdirector>.) > Q: Why is BRAIN getting a director? > A:The
initiative has been run day to day by a terrific team of senior program directors
and staff with oversight from the 10 [U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH)]
institutes and centers that are involved in BRAIN. I think as enterprises emerge
from their startup phase, the question is how do you translate this into a
sustainable enterprise, and yet maintain this cutting-edge innovation? … The
initiative really will benefit from somebody thinking about this 24/7. > Q: What
distinguishes this second phase of BRAIN? > A:In the first phase, there was a very
intentional and concentrated focus on tool development. As we learn more about how
neural circuits drive behavior … we can start implementing that knowledge, in terms
of treating human diseases. I am hopeful that BRAIN, with other efforts in NIH and
in partnership with industry, [can create] technology platforms that could be
applied across multiple disease applications. For example: a toolkit of different
types of viral delivery vectors [for gene therapy] that could be applied to
different parts of the brain, different cell types in the brain, and so on. > Q:
What do you see as the initiative's shortcomings? > A:We have a lot of figuring out
to do in terms of how to balance the unique potential of individual investigator-
initiated research versus the power of large-scale projects. … [And] there is a
diversity issue in terms of ethnic diversity as well as gender diversity [among
applicants and funded investigators]. It's a hard problem. It just kills me that
we're leaving all this talent on the table. [1]:
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/367/6478/610 [2]: pending:yes [3]:
https://Scite.ai
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL - 367
IS - 6478
PG - 606-608
SP - 606
EP - 608
AN -
DO - 10.1126/science.367.6478.606
UR - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6478/606
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus epidemic: preparing for extracorporeal organ support in intensive
care
AU - Ronco, Claudio
AU - Navalesi, Paolo
AU - Vincent, Jean Louis
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30060-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus: doctor who faced backlash from police after warning of outbreak
dies
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Li Wenliang—a doctor from Wuhan, China, who said he was reprimanded by police
for warning other doctors about novel coronavirus at the start of the outbreak—has
died after being infected with 2019-nCoV.When the first cases of a pneumonia-like
condition appeared in a local hospital, Li sent messages to his medical school
alumni group on the Chinese messaging app WeChat, warning that, from the test
results he had …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m528
SP - m528
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m528
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-nCoV transmission through the ocular surface must not be ignored
AU - Lu, Cheng-wei
AU - Liu, Xiu-fen
AU - Jia, Zhi-fang
PY -
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30313-5
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30313-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Transmission dynamics and evolutionary history of 2019-nCoV
AU - Li, Xingguang
AU - Wang, Wei
AU - Zhao, Xiaofang
AU - Zai, Junjie
AU - Zhao, Qiang
AU - Li, Yi
AU - Chaillon, Antoine
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract To investigate the time origin, genetic diversity, and transmission
dynamics of the recent 2019-nCoV outbreak in China and beyond, a total of 32
genomes of virus strains sampled from China, Thailand, and USA with sampling dates
between 24 December 2019 and 23 January 2020 were analyzed. Phylogenetic,
transmission network, and likelihood-mapping analyses of the genome sequences were
performed. Based on likelihood-mapping analysis, the increasing tree-like signals
(from 0 to 8.2%, 18.2%, and 25.4%) over time may be indicative of increasing
genetic diversity of 2019-nCoV in human hosts. We identified three phylogenetic
clusters using the Bayesian inference framework and three transmission clusters
using transmission network analysis, with only one cluster identified by both
methods using the above genome sequences of 2019-nCoV strains. The estimated mean
evolutionary rate for 2019-nCoV ranged from 1.7926 ? 10-3 to 1.8266 ? 10-3
substitutions per site per year. Based on our study, undertaking epidemiological
investigations and genomic data surveillance could positively impact public health
in terms of guiding prevention efforts to reduce 2019-nCOV transmission in real
time. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25701
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Will novel virus go pandemic or be contained?
AU - Kupferschmidt, Kai
AU - Cohen, Jon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The repatriation of 565 Japanese citizens from Wuhan, China, in late January
offered scientists an unexpected opportunity to learn a bit more about the novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV) raging in that city. To avoid domestic spread of the virus,
Japanese officials screened every passenger for disease symptoms and tested them
for the virus after they landed. Eight tested positive, but four of those had no
symptoms at all, says epidemiologist Hiroshi Nishiura of Hokkaido University,
Sapporo—which is a bright red flag for epidemiologists who are trying to figure out
what the fast-moving epidemic has in store for humanity. If many infections go
unnoticed, as the Japanese finding suggests, that vastly complicates efforts to
contain the outbreak. Two months after 2019-nCoV emerged—and with well over 20,000
cases and 427 deaths as Science went to press—mathematical modelers have been
racing to predict where the virus will move next, how big a toll it might
ultimately take, and whether isolating patients and limiting travel will slow it.
But to make confident predictions, they need to know much more about how easily the
virus spreads, how sick it makes people, and whether infected people with no
symptoms can still infect others. Some of that information is coming out of China.
But amid the all-out battle to control the virus, and with diagnostic capabilities
in short supply, Chinese researchers cannot answer all the questions. Countries
with just a handful of cases, such as Japan, can also reveal important data, says
Preben Aavitsland of the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. “It's up to all
countries now that receive cases to collect as much information as possible.” With
the limited information so far, scientists are sketching out possible paths that
the virus might take, weighing the likelihoods of each, and trying to determine the
fallout. “We're at this stage where defined scenarios and the evidence for and
against them are really important because it allows people to plan better,” says
Marc Lipsitch, an epidemiologist at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.
These scenarios break into two broad categories: The world gets the virus under
control—or it doesn't. The most optimistic scenario is one in which 2019-nCoV
remains mostly confined to China, where 99% of the confirmed cases have occurred so
far. (By 4 February, two dozen other countries had together reported 195 cases.)
“There has obviously been a huge amount of spread within China, but [elsewhere],
there's no evidence of any kind of substantial human-to-human transmission,” says
Robin Thompson, a mathematical epidemiologist at the University of Oxford. “The
risk probably isn't as high as some models have been projecting.” If no other
countries see sustained transmission and the quarantines and other measures taken
in China start to reduce the number of infections there, the risk of spread might
gradually go down, and the virus might eventually be quashed. This happened with
the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003, which ended after
fewer than 9000 cases. That's what the World Health Organization (WHO), which last
week declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern,
hopes for this time. In a press conference, Director-General Tedros Adhanom
Ghebreyesus called for a global version of the approach his team took in the
current Ebola outbreak: Fight the disease at the source and try to keep it from
gaining a foothold elsewhere. “Focus on the epicenter,” Tedros said. “If you have
several epicenters, it is chaos.” Epidemiologist Marion Koopmans of Erasmus Medical
Center says it may not be that hard to contain the virus in a new locale as long as
the first cases are detected and isolated early—provided the virus is not highly
transmissible. “We don't see it taking off in the 200 or so cases seeded outside of
China,” Koopmans says. If that pattern holds, “there still is the possibility it
will bend off.” She and others suspect the climate may help. Influenza typically
only spreads during the winter months and hits northern and southern China at
different times. If that is true for 2019-nCoV, its spread might start to slow down
in the Northern Hemisphere within a few months. “That is a big question mark we're
trying to assess at the moment,” says Joseph Wu, a modeler at the University of
Hong Kong. But is containment realistic? Success will depend in part on whether
infected people who don't have symptoms can spread the virus. Asymptomatic people
are hard to find and isolate, so if they can spread disease, 2019-nCoV “will be
very difficult to stop in China,” says Alessandro Vespignani, a modeler of
infectious diseases at Northeastern University. But if asymptomatic transmission is
rare, he says, “isolation and social distancing can have a big impact.” So far it
has been difficult to get a handle on this question. Some data from China seem to
support asymptomatic transmission, but none are clear-cut. A widely reported 30
January letter in The New England Journal of Medicine described the case of a
Chinese businesswoman who touched off a cluster of four cases in Germany before she
became sick herself. But 4 days later, it became clear the researchers had not
contacted the woman, who had flown back to China, before the paper was published.
In a later phone interview, she said she had experienced some symptoms while in
Germany. In follow-up results announced in a 4 February press release, the
researchers noted that some patients they studied shed virus even though their
symptoms were mild. That's almost as bad as asymptomatic transmission, says
virologist Christian Drosten of the Charité University Hospital in Berlin: Patients
with mild symptoms are unlikely to seek medical care and may not even stay home,
giving the virus ample opportunities to spread far and wide. Based on what they
have seen so far, many researchers think it's probably too late to contain the
virus. “As the virus continues to spread in China, the risk of exportation to other
countries grows and sooner or later we will see it spread in another country,”
Aavitsland says. So far there has been no sustained transmission outside of China,
but Lipsitch expects that to change: “I would be really shocked if in 2 or 3 weeks
there wasn't ongoing transmission with hundreds of cases in several countries on
several continents.” If the virus does spread to all corners of the world in a
pandemic, several questions will loom large: What percentage of the population will
become infected, and of those, how many will get very sick or die? More severe
cases place heavier demands on health care systems—hospitals in Wuhan are already
overwhelmed—and result in greater fears and disruption of daily life. A deadly
pandemic might force the world to make stark choices about fair access to medicines
or vaccines, if they become available. It might also lead to widespread
restrictions on domestic travel akin to those already in force in China, Aavitsland
says. If, on the other hand, 2019-nCoV resembles the common cold or a mild flu, the
spread of the virus would be less alarming. Existing travel bans likely would be
lifted. Understanding the severity and case fatality rate is a challenge with any
new pathogen. When a new influenza strain emerged in 2009—and went on to cause a
pandemic—many worried it might turn out to be a nasty variety. It took months to
establish that the new virus killed only about one in 10,000 patients. So far,
mortality among known 2019-nCoV cases is about 2%, and some reports say 20% of
infected people suffer severe disease. But these figures may overlook tens of
thousands of people with mild disease—say, a sore throat or a low-grade fever—who
never seek medical care and may not even know they were infected with 2019-nCoV.
Many may have no symptoms at all. “So what looks like a horrific disease may be the
horrific tip of a very large iceberg,” Lipsitch says. The fact that four Japanese
evacuees were asymptomatic is a case in point. Studies in China have also reported
some cases with few or no symptoms. What's missing is a large study in China,
Lipsitch says. He suggests some fraction of the tests that are available in a place
with many cases should be set aside for that purpose. (Current recommendations in
China call for testing people with clear symptoms only.) If indeed 2019-nCoV
becomes pandemic, humanity may be stuck with it indefinitely. After spreading far
and wide, the virus might become endemic in the human population, just like four
other coronaviruses that cause the common cold, and occasionally cause fresh
outbreaks. How much death and disease it would cause is anyone's guess. The silver
lining of the epidemic is that scientists have collected and shared information at
record speed. “Every day that goes by we know more and every day that goes by we
can do better modeling,” Vespignani says. “Unfortunately, this beast is moving very
fast.”
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL - 367
IS - 6478
PG - 610-611
SP - 610
EP - 611
AN -
DO - 10.1126/science.367.6478.610
UR - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6478/610/tab-pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and its inactivation with
biocidal agents
AU - Kampf, Günter
AU - Todt, Daniel
AU - Pfaender, Stephanie
AU - Steinmann, Eike
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Summary Currently, the emergence of a novel human coronavirus, temporary
named 2019-nCoV, has become a global health concern causing severe respiratory
tract infections in humans. Human-to-human transmissions have been described with
incubation times between 2-10 days, facilitating its spread via droplets,
contaminated hands or surfaces. We therefore reviewed the literature on all
available information about the persistence of human and veterinary coronaviruses
on inanimate surfaces as well as inactivation strategies with biocidal agents used
for chemical disinfection, e.g. in healthcare facilities. The analysis of 22
studies reveals that human coronaviruses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
(SARS) coronavirus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus or endemic
human coronaviruses (HCoV) can persist on inanimate surfaces like metal, glass or
plastic for up to 9 days, but can be efficiently inactivated by surface
disinfection procedures with 62-71% ethanol, 0.5% hydrogen peroxide or 0.1% sodium
hypochlorite within 1 minute. Other biocidal agents such as 0.05-0.2% benzalkonium
chloride or 0.02% chlorhexidine digluconate are less effective. As no specific
therapies are available for 2019-nCoV, early containment and prevention of further
spread will be crucial to stop the ongoing outbreak and to control this novel
infectious thread.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)
AU - Jin, Ying-Hui
AU - Cai, Lin
AU - Cheng, Zhen-Shun
AU - Cheng, Hong
AU - Deng, Tong
AU - Fan, Yi-Pin
AU - Fang, Cheng
AU - Huang, Di
AU - Huang, Lu-Qi
AU - Huang, Qiao
AU - Han, Yong
AU - Hu, Bo
AU - Hu, Fen
AU - Li, Bing-Hui
AU - Li, Yi-Rong
AU - Liang, Ke
AU - Lin, Li-Kai
AU - Luo, Li-Sha
AU - Ma, Jing
AU - Ma, Lin-Lu
AU - Peng, Zhi-Yong
AU - Pan, Yun-Bao
AU - Pan, Zhen-Yu
AU - Ren, Xue-Qun
AU - Sun, Hui-Min
AU - Wang, Ying
AU - Wang, Yun-Yun
AU - Weng, Hong
AU - Wei, Chao-Jie
AU - Wu, Dong-Fang
AU - Xia, Jian
AU - Xiong, Yong
AU - Xu, Hai-Bo
AU - Yao, Xiao-Mei
AU - Yuan, Yu-Feng
AU - Ye, Tai-Sheng
AU - Zhang, Xiao-Chun
AU - Zhang, Ying-Wen
AU - Zhang, Yin-Gao
AU - Zhang, Hua-Min
AU - Zhao, Yan
AU - Zhao, Ming-Juan
AU - Zi, Hao
AU - Zeng, Xian-Tao
AU - Wang, Yong-Yan
AU - Wang, Xing-Huan
AU - Management, for the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Novel Coronavirus
AU - Research Team, Evidence-Based Medicine Chapter of China International
Exchange
AU - Promotive Association for, Medical
AU - Health, Care
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, a new type viral pneumonia cases occurred in Wuhan, Hubei
Province; and then named “2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)” by the World Health
Organization (WHO) on 12 January 2020. For it is a never been experienced
respiratory disease before and with infection ability widely and quickly, it
attracted the world’s attention but without treatment and control manual. For the
request from frontline clinicians and public health professionals of 2019-nCoV
infected pneumonia management, an evidence-based guideline urgently needs to be
developed. Therefore, we drafted this guideline according to the rapid advice
guidelines methodology and general rules of WHO guideline development; we also
added the first-hand management data of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. This
guideline includes the guideline methodology, epidemiological characteristics,
disease screening and population prevention, diagnosis, treatment and control
(including traditional Chinese Medicine), nosocomial infection prevention and
control, and disease nursing of the 2019-nCoV. Moreover, we also provide a whole
process of a successful treatment case of the severe 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia
and experience and lessons of hospital rescue for 2019-nCoV infections. This rapid
advice guideline is suitable for the first frontline doctors and nurses, managers
of hospitals and healthcare sections, community residents, public health persons,
relevant researchers, and all person who are interested in the 2019-nCoV.
JO - Military Medical Research
PB -
CY -
VL - 7
IS - 1
PG - 4
SP - 4
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1186/s40779-020-0233-6
UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-020-0233-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Offline: 2019-nCoV—“A desperate plea”
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10222
PG - 400
SP - 400
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30299-3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-nCoV epidemic: what about pregnancies?
AU - Favre, Guillaume
AU - Pomar, Léo
AU - Musso, Didier
AU - Baud, David
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30311-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A strategy to prevent future pandemics similar to the 2019-nCoV outbreak
AU - Daszak, Peter
AU - Olival, Kevin J.
AU - Li, Hongying
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A novel bat-origin coronavirus emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and
continues to spread across China and the world. At the time of writing, a massive
global response has been implemented to control the disease as it spreads from
person to person. Yet the high-risk human-wildlife interactions and interfaces that
led to the emergence of SARS-CoV and of 2019-nCoV continue to exist in emerging
disease hotspots globally. To prevent the next pandemic related to these
interfaces, we call for research and investment in three areas: 1) surveillance
among wildlife to identify the high-risk pathogens they carry; 2) surveillance
among people who have contact with wildlife to identify early spillover events; and
3) improvement of market biosecurity regarding the wildlife trade. As the emergence
of a novel virus anywhere can impact the furthest reaches of our connected world,
international collaboration among scientists is essential to address these risks
and prevent the next pandemic.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Genomic variance of the 2019-nCoV coronavirus
AU - Ceraolo, Carmine
AU - Giorgi, Federico M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract There is rising global concern for the recently emerged novel
Coronavirus (2019-nCov). Full genomic sequences have been released by the worldwide
scientific community in the last few weeks in order to understand the evolutionary
origin and molecular characteristics of this virus. Taking advantage of all the
genomic information currently available, we constructed a phylogenetic tree
including also representatives of other coronaviridae, such as Bat coronavirus
(BCoV) and SARS. We confirm high sequence similarity (>99%) between all sequenced
2019-nCoVs genomes available, with the closest BCoV sequence sharing 96.2% sequence
identity, confirming the notion of a zoonotic origin of 2019-nCoV. Despite the low
heterogeneity of the 2019-nCoV genomes, we could identify at least two hyper-
variable genomic hotspots, one of which is responsible for a Serine/Leucine
variation in the viral ORF8-encoded protein. Finally, we perform a full proteomic
comparison with other coronaviridae, identifying key aminoacidic differences to be
considered for antiviral strategies deriving from previous anti-coronavirus
approaches. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25700
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus infections reported by ProMED, February 2000–January 2020
AU - Holguin-Rivera, Yeimer
AU - Cortes-Bonilla, Isabella
AU - Cardona-Trujillo, María C.
AU - García-Barco, Alejandra
AU - Bedoya-Arias, Hugo A.
AU - Rabaan, Ali A.
AU - Sah, Ranjit
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Introduction Sources describing the global burden of emerging diseases
accurately are still limited. We reviewed coronavirus infections reported by ProMED
and assessed the reliability of the data retrieved compared to published reports.
We evaluated the effectiveness of ProMED as a source of epidemiological data on
coronavirus. Methods Using the keyword “coronavirus” in the ProMED search engine,
we reviewed all the information from the reports and collected data using a
structured form, including year, country, gender, occupation, the number of
infected individuals, and the number of fatal cases. Results We identified 109
entries reported between February 29, 2000 and January 22, 2020. A total of 966
cases were reported, with death reported in 188 cases, suggesting an overall case
fatality rate (CFR) of 19.5%. Of 70 cases for which the gender was reported, 47
(67.1%) were male. Most of the cases were reported from China, the United Arab
Emirates, and Saudi Arabia, with reports from other countries, including imported
cases in Europe and North America. Conclusions Internet-based reporting systems
such as ProMED are useful to gather information and synthesize knowledge on
emerging infections. Although certain areas need to be improved, ProMED provided
useful information about coronaviruses especially during outbreaks.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101575
SP - 101575
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Urgent research agenda for the novel coronavirus epidemic: transmission and
non-pharmaceutical mitigation strategies
AU - Strategy
AU - Policy Working Group for, Ncip Epidemic Response
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 41
IS - 0
PG - 1-6
SP - 1
EP - 6
AN - 32026672
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.02.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Initial Public Health Response and Interim Clinical Guidance for the 2019
Novel Coronavirus Outbreak - United States, December 31, 2019-February 4, 2020
AU - Patel, Anita
AU - Jernigan, Daniel B.
AU - nCo, V. C. D. C. Response Team
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On December 31, 2019, Chinese health officials reported a cluster of cases of
acute respiratory illness in persons associated with the Hunan seafood and animal
market in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, in central China. On January 7, 2020,
Chinese health officials confirmed that a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was
associated with this initial cluster (1). As of February 4, 2020, a total of 20,471
confirmed cases, including 2,788 (13.6%) with severe illness,* and 425 deaths
(2.1%) had been reported by the National Health Commission of China (2). Cases have
also been reported in 26 locations outside of mainland China, including
documentation of some person-to-person transmission and one death (2). As of
February 4, 11 cases had been reported in the United States. On January 30, the
World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General declared that the 2019-nCoV
outbreak constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.(†) On
January 31, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary
declared a U.S. public health emergency to respond to 2019-nCoV.(§) Also on January
31, the president of the United States signed a "Proclamation on Suspension of
Entry as Immigrants and Nonimmigrants of Persons who Pose a Risk of Transmitting
2019 Novel Coronavirus," which limits entry into the United States of persons who
traveled to mainland China to U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents and
their families (3). CDC, multiple other federal agencies, state and local health
departments, and other partners are implementing aggressive measures to slow
transmission of 2019-nCoV in the United States (4,5). These measures require the
identification of cases and their contacts in the United States and the appropriate
assessment and care of travelers arriving from mainland China to the United States.
These measures are being implemented in anticipation of additional 2019-nCoV cases
in the United States. Although these measures might not prevent the eventual
establishment of ongoing, widespread transmission of the virus in the United
States, they are being implemented to 1) slow the spread of illness; 2) provide
time to better prepare health care systems and the general public to be ready if
widespread transmission with substantial associated illness occurs; and 3) better
characterize 2019-nCoV infection to guide public health recommendations and the
development of medical countermeasures including diagnostics, therapeutics, and
vaccines. Public health authorities are monitoring the situation closely. As more
is learned about this novel virus and this outbreak, CDC will rapidly incorporate
new knowledge into guidance for action by CDC and state and local health
departments.
JO - MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
PB -
CY -
VL - 69
IS - 5
PG - 140-146
SP - 140
EP - 146
AN - 32027631
DO - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6905e1
NS -
N1 - elizabeth mumford (2020-02-15 02:04:45)(Included): linked with #829 and #454;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Epidemiological characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus: an interim review
AU - Ryu, Sukhyun
AU - Chun, Byung Chul
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - OBJECTIVES: The 2019-nCoV from Wuhan, China is now recognized as a public
health emergency of global concern. METHODS: To update the control measures in
public health authorities, we reviewed the currently available literature. RESULTS:
Some of the epidemiologic characteristics were identified. However, considerable
uncertainties are still present to provide the updated guidance of control measures
to public health authorities. CONCLUSION: Additional studies based on detailed
information on confirmed cases would be valuable.
JO - Epidemiol Health
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - e2020006-e2020006
SP - e2020006
EP - e2020006
AN - 32023775
DO - 10.4178/epih.e2020006
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emerging Coronavirus 2019-nCoV Pneumonia
AU - Song, Fengxiang
AU - Shi, Nannan
AU - Shan, Fei
AU - Zhang, Zhiyong
AU - Shen, Jie
AU - Lu, Hongzhou
AU - Ling, Yun
AU - Jiang, Yebin
AU - Shi, Yuxin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Background The chest CT findings of patients with coronavirus 2019-nCoV
pneumonia have not previously been described in detail. Purpose To investigate the
clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings of emerging coronavirus 2019-nCoV
pneumonia in humans. Materials and Methods Fifty-one patients (25 men and 26 women,
16-76 years old) with 2019-nCoV pneumonia confirmed with the positive new
coronavirus nucleic acid antibody underwent thin-section CT. The imaging findings,
clinical and laboratory data were evaluated. Results Fifty of 51 patients (98%) had
a history of the endemic center Wuhan contact. Fever (49/51, 96%) and cough (24/51,
47%) were the most common symptoms. Most patients had a normal white blood cell
count (37/51, 73%), neutrophil count (44/51, 86.3%) and normal (17/51, 35.3%) or
reduced (33/51, 64.7%) lymphocyte count. CT images showed pure ground grass opacity
(GGO) in 39/51 (77%) patients, GGO with reticular and/or interlobular septal
thickening in 38/51 (75%) patients. GGO with consolidation was present in 30/51
(59%) and pure consolidation in 28/51 (55%) patients. 44/51 (86%) patients had
bilateral lung involvement, while 41/51 (80%) involved the posterior part of the
lungs and 44/51 (86%) were peripheral. There were more consolidated lung lesions in
patients 5 or more days from disease onset to CT scan versus 4 or fewer days
(431/712 lesions vs. 129/612 lesions, p < 0.001). Patients more than 50 years old
had more consolidated lung lesions than those 50 years or younger (212/470 vs.
198/854, p < 0.001). Follow up CT in 13 patients showed improvement in 7 (54%)
patients and progression in 4 (31%) patients. Conclusions Patients with fever
and/or cough and with conspicuous ground grass opacity lesions in the peripheral
and posterior lungs on CT images combined with normal or decreased white blood
cells and a history of epidemic exposure are highly suspected of 2019-nCoV
pneumonia.
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200274-200274
SP - 200274
EP - 200274
AN - 32027573
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200274
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis of clinical features of 29 patients with 2019 novel coronavirus
pneumonia
AU - Chen, L.
AU - Liu, H. G.
AU - Liu, W.
AU - Liu, J.
AU - Liu, K.
AU - Shang, J.
AU - Deng, Y.
AU - Wei, S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus
(2019-nCoV) pneumonia and to investigate the correlation between serum inflammatory
cytokines and severity of the disease. Methods: 29 patients with 2019-ncov admitted
to the isolation ward of Tongji hospital affiliated to Tongji medical college of
Huazhong University of Science and Technology in January 2020 were selected as the
study subjects. Clinical data were collected and the general information, clinical
symptoms, blood test and CT imaging characteristics were analyzed. According to the
relevant diagnostic criteria, the patients were divided into three groups: mild (15
cases), severe (9 cases) and critical (5 cases). The expression levels of
inflammatory cytokines and other markers in the serum of each group were detected,
and the changes of these indicators of the three groups were compared and analyzed,
as well as their relationship with the clinical classification of the disease.
Results: (1) The main symptoms of 2019-nCoV pneumonia was fever (28/29) with or
without respiratory and other systemic symptoms. Two patients died with underlying
disease and co-bacterial infection, respectively. (2) The blood test of the
patients showed normal or decreased white blood cell count (23/29), decreased
lymphocyte count (20/29), increased hypersensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP)
(27/29), and normal procalcitonin. In most patients,serum lactate dehydrogenase
(LDH) was significantly increased (20/29), while albumin was decreased(15/29).
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin
(Tbil), serum creatinine (Scr) and other items showed no significant changes. (3)
CT findings of typical cases were single or multiple patchy ground glass shadows
accompanied by septal thickening. When the disease progresses, the lesion increases
and the scope expands, and the ground glass shadow coexists with the solid shadow
or the stripe shadow. (4) There were statistically significant differences in the
expression levels of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and IL-6 in the serum of the
three groups (P<0.05), among which the critical group was higher than the severe
group and the severe group was higher than the mildgroup. However, there were no
statistically significant differences in serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-
alpha (TNF-α), IL-1, IL-8, IL-10, hs-CRP, lymphocyte count and LDH among the three
groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV pneumonia
are similar to those of common viral pneumonia. High resolution CT is of great
value in the differential diagnosis of this disease. The increased expression of
IL-2R and IL-6 in serum is expected to predict the severity of the 2019-nCoV
pneumonia and the prognosis of patients.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E005-E005
SP - E005
EP - E005
AN - 32026671
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0005
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, Australia: Epidemiology Report 1
(Reporting week 26 January - 1 February 2020)
AU - nCo, V. National Incident Room Surveillance Team
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - This is the first epidemiological report of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
acute respiratory disease infections reported in Australia at 19:00 Australian
Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 1 February 2020. It includes data on Australian cases
notified during the week 26 January to 1 February 2020 and in the previous week (19
to 25 January 2020), the international situation and current information on the
severity, transmission and spread of the 2019-nCoV infection.
JO - Commun Dis Intell (2018)
PB -
CY -
VL - 44
IS -
PG - 10.33321/cdi.2019.44.13
SP - 10.33321/cdi.2019.44.13
EP -
AN - 32027812
DO - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.13
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Interpretation of "Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Novel
Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infection by the National Health Commission (Trial Version
5)"
AU - Lin, L.
AU - Li, T. S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China publish the
guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
infection (trial version 5) .With the awareness and understanding of the disease,
the guidelines have been revised for recognize, treat, and prevent diseases. Then,
what are the contents of the fifth edition of the guide issued updated compared to
the fourth edition, now, learn together.
JO - Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 100
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN - 32033513
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2020.0001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Expert consensus on the use of corticosteroid in patients with 2019-nCoV
pneumonia
AU - Zhao, J. P.
AU - Hu, Y.
AU - Du, R. H.
AU - Chen, Z. S.
AU - Jin, Y.
AU - Zhou, M.
AU - Zhang, J.
AU - Qu, J. M.
AU - Cao, B.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E007-E007
SP - E007
EP - E007
AN - 32034899
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0007
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Expert consensus for bronchoscopy during the epidemic of 2019 Novel
Coronavirus infection (Trial version)
AU - Group of Interventional Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Thoracic Society
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Infection with 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is mainly transmitted by
respiratory droplets, airborne transmission and direct contact. However, conducting
bronchoscopy on patients with 2019-nCoV is a high-risk procedure in which health
care workers are directly exposed to the virus, and the protection and operation
procedures need to be strictly regulated. According to the characteristics of
bronchoscopy, it is necessary to formulate the procedure, requirements and
precautions when conducting bronchoscopy in the current epidemic situation.
Relevant standards for preventing from infections should be strictly implemented in
the operation of bronchoscopy. It needs to emphasize that bronchoscopy should not
be used as a routine means for the diagnosis of 2019-nCoV infection sampling. The
indications for bronchoscopy for other diseases should be strictly mastered, and it
is suggested that bronchoscopy should be postponed for those patients who is not in
urgent situation.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E006-E006
SP - E006
EP - E006
AN - 32033514
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0006
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in
children: experts' consensus statement
AU - Shen, Kunling
AU - Yang, Yonghong
AU - Wang, Tianyou
AU - Zhao, Dongchi
AU - Jiang, Yi
AU - Jin, Runming
AU - Zheng, Yuejie
AU - Xu, Baoping
AU - Xie, Zhengde
AU - Lin, Likai
AU - Shang, Yunxiao
AU - Lu, Xiaoxia
AU - Shu, Sainan
AU - Bai, Yan
AU - Deng, Jikui
AU - Lu, Min
AU - Ye, Leping
AU - Wang, Xuefeng
AU - Wang, Yongyan
AU - Gao, Liwei
AU - China National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory, Diseases
AU - National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing China
AU - Group of Respirology, Chinese Pediatric Society Chinese Medical Association
AU - Chinese Medical Doctor Association Committee on Respirology, Pediatrics
AU - China Medicine Education Association Committee on, Pediatrics
AU - Chinese Research Hospital Association Committee on, Pediatrics
AU - Chinese Non-government Medical Institutions Association Committee on,
Pediatrics
AU - China Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Committee on Children’s
Health
AU - Medicine, Research
AU - China News of Drug Information Association, Committee on Children’s Safety
Medication
AU - Global Pediatric Pulmonology, Alliance
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan
City, China, by January 30, 2020, a total of 9692 confirmed cases and 15,238
suspected cases have been reported around 31 provinces or cities in China. Among
the confirmed cases, 1527 were severe cases, 171 had recovered and been discharged
at home, and 213 died. And among these cases, a total of 28 children aged from
1 month to 17 years have been reported in China. For standardizing prevention and
management of 2019-nCoV infections in children, we called up an experts' committee
to formulate this experts' consensus statement. This statement is based on the
Novel Coronavirus Infection Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Standards (the fourth
edition) (National Health Committee) and other previous diagnosis and treatment
strategies for pediatric virus infections. The present consensus statement
summarizes current strategies on diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019-nCoV
infection in children.
JO - World J Pediatr
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1007/s12519-020-00343-7
SP - 10.1007/s12519
EP - 020
AN - 32034659
DO - 10.1007/s12519-020-00343-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical Features and Treatment of 2019-nCov Pneumonia Patients in Wuhan:
Report of A Couple Cases
AU - Zhang, Zhan
AU - Li, Xiaochen
AU - Zhang, Wei
AU - Shi, Zheng-Li
AU - Zheng, Zhishui
AU - Wang, Tao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The two patients were a couple. The male was 38 years old, and was admitted
to the hospital due to fever for one week and dyspnea for one day on Dec. 27, 2019.
On admission, he had slight cough of a little green viscous sputum. He had been
treated with normal anti-infective therapy in another hospital for 3 days, but did
not respond it. After then, he visited our department. The radiography of the chest
at the OPD suggested the right lung infection.ER -
JO - Virologica Sinica
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s12250-020-00203-8
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-020-00203-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Compensation of ACE2 Function for Possible Clinical Management of 2019-nCoV-
Induced Acute Lung Injury
AU - Wu, Yuntao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Virol Sin
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1007/s12250-020-00205-6
SP - 10.1007/s12250
EP - 020
AN - 32034638
DO - 10.1007/s12250-020-00205-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Going global – Travel and the 2019 novel coronavirus
AU - MacGregor, Kirsten
AU - Kanagarajah, Sanch
AU - Patel, Dipti
AU - Schlagenhauf, Patricia
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101578
SP - 101578
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: Is the genie already out of the bottle?
AU - Hanscheid, Thomas
AU - Valadas, Emília
AU - Grobusch, Martin P.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101577
SP - 101577
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Maps, masks and media – Traveller and practitioner resources for 2019 novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV) acute respiratory virus
AU - Chiodini, Jane
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101574
SP - 101574
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): estimating the case fatality rate - a
word of caution
AU - Battegay, Manuel
AU - Kuehl, Richard
AU - Tschudin-Sutter, Sarah
AU - Hirsch, Hans H.
AU - Widmer, Andreas F.
AU - Neher, Richard A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Swiss Med Wkly
PB -
CY -
VL - 150
IS -
PG - w20203-w20203
SP - w20203
EP - w20203
AN - 32031234
DO - 10.4414/smw.2020.20203
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A data driven time-dependent transmission rate for tracking an epidemic: a
case study of 2019-nCoV
AU - Huang, Norden E.
AU - Qiao, Fangli
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Science Bulletin
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2020.02.005
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Evolution of CT Manifestations in a Patient Recovered from 2019 Novel
Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia in Wuhan, China
AU - Shi, Heshui
AU - Han, Xiaoyu
AU - Zheng, Chuansheng
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200269-200269
SP - 200269
EP - 200269
AN - 32032497
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200269
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - CT Manifestations of Two Cases of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
Pneumonia
AU - Fang, Yicheng
AU - Zhang, Huangqi
AU - Xu, Yunyu
AU - Xie, Jicheng
AU - Pang, Peipei
AU - Ji, Wenbin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200280-200280
SP - 200280
EP - 200280
AN - 32031481
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200280
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Public responses to the novel 2019 coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Japan: mental
health consequences and target populations
AU - Shigemura, Jun
AU - Ursano, Robert J.
AU - Morganstein, Joshua C.
AU - Kurosawa, Mie
AU - Benedek, David M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1111/pcn.12988
UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12988
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Viruses from animals
AU - Le Page, Michael
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Infections that cross over from other species are a deadly problem
JO - New Scientist
PB -
CY -
VL - 245
IS - 3268
PG - 10
SP - 10
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30236-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Did pangolins spread the China coronavirus to people?
AU - Cyranoski, David
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Genetic sequences of viruses isolated from the scaly animals are 99% similar
to that of the circulating virus — but the work is yet to be formally published.
Genetic sequences of viruses isolated from the scaly animals are 99% similar to
that of the circulating virus — but the work is yet to be formally published.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00364-2
UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00364-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Dexamethasone treatment for the acute respiratory distress syndrome: a
multicentre, randomised controlled trial
AU - Villar, Jesús
AU - Ferrando, Carlos
AU - Martínez, Domingo
AU - Ambrós, Alfonso
AU - Muñoz, Tomás
AU - Soler, Juan A.
AU - Aguilar, Gerardo
AU - Alba, Francisco
AU - González-Higueras, Elena
AU - Conesa, Luís A.
AU - Martín-Rodríguez, Carmen
AU - Díaz-Domínguez, Francisco J.
AU - Serna-Grande, Pablo
AU - Rivas, Rosana
AU - Ferreres, José
AU - Belda, Javier
AU - Capilla, Lucía
AU - Tallet, Alec
AU - Añón, José M.
AU - Fernández, Rosa L.
AU - González-Martín, Jesús M.
AU - Álvarez, Julián
AU - Asensio, María J.
AU - Blanco, Jesús
AU - Blasco, Marisa
AU - Cachafeiro, Lucia
AU - del Campo, Rafael
AU - Carbonell, José A.
AU - Carbonell, Nieves
AU - Cariñena, Agustín
AU - Carriedo, Demetrio
AU - Chico, Mario
AU - Corpas, Ruth
AU - Cuervo, Javier
AU - Domínguez-Antelo, Cristina
AU - Fernández, Lorena
AU - Gamboa, Eneritz
AU - González-Luengo, Raúl I.
AU - Ortiz Díaz-Miguel, Ramón
AU - Pérez-González, Raquel
AU - Prieto, Ana M.
AU - Prieto, Isidro
AU - Rojas-Viguera, Leticia
AU - Romera, Miguel A.
AU - Sánchez-Ballesteros, Jesús
AU - Segura, José M.
AU - Serrano, Ainhoa
AU - Solano, Rosario
AU - Soro, Marina
PY -
PD -
N2 - BackgroundThere is no proven specific pharmacological treatment for patients
with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The efficacy of
corticosteroids in ARDS remains controversial. We aimed to assess the effects of
dexamethasone in ARDS, which might change pulmonary and systemic inflammation and
result in a decrease in duration of mechanical ventilation and mortality.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S2213-2600(19)30417-5
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(19)30417-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Australian Government releases face masks to protect against coronavirus
AU - Kirby, Tony
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30064-3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-nCoV in context: lessons learned?
AU - Kock, Richard A.
AU - Karesh, William B.
AU - Veas, Francisco
AU - Velavan, Thirumalaisamy P.
AU - Simons, David
AU - Mboera, Leonard E. G.
AU - Dar, Osman
AU - Arruda, Liã Bárbara
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet Planetary Health
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30035-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Pandemic potential of 2019-nCoV
AU - Thompson, Robin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30068-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Game consumption and the 2019 novel coronavirus
AU - Li, Jie
AU - Li, Jun
AU - Xie, Xiaoru
AU - Cai, Xiaomei
AU - Huang, Jian
AU - Tian, Xuemei
AU - Zhu, Hong
PY -
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30063-3
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30063-3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A contingency plan for the management of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak
in neonatal intensive care units
AU - Wang, Jianhui
AU - Qi, Hongbo
AU - Bao, Lei
AU - Li, Fang
AU - Shi, Yuan
PY -
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30040-7
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30040-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV
lung injury
AU - Russell, Clark D.
AU - Millar, Jonathan E.
AU - Baillie, J. Kenneth
PY -
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30317-2
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30317-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-nCoV epidemic: address mental health care to empower society
AU - Bao, Yanping
AU - Sun, Yankun
AU - Meng, Shiqiu
AU - Shi, Jie
AU - Lu, Lin
PY -
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30309-3
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30309-3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Evolving status of the 2019 novel coronavirus Infection: proposal of
conventional serologic assays for disease diagnosis and infection monitoring
[Commentary/Review]
AU - Xiao, Shu-Yuan
AU - Wu, Yingjie
AU - Liu, Huan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract The novel coronavirus (nCoV-2019) outbreak in Wuhan, China has
spread rapidly nationwide, with some cases occurring in other parts of the world.
Although most patients present with mild febrile illness with patchy pulmonary
inflammation, a significant portion develop severe acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS), with a current case fatality of 2.3-3%. Diagnosis is based on
clinical history and laboratory and chest radiographic findings, but confirmation
currently relies on nucleic acid-based assays. The latter are playing an important
role in facilitating patient isolation, treatment and assessment of infectious
activities. However, due to their limited capacity to handle an epidemic of the
current scale and insufficient supply of assay kits, only a portion of suspected
cases can be tested, leading to incompleteness and inaccuracy in updating new
cases, as well as delayed diagnosis. Furthermore, there has not been enough time to
assess specificity and sensitivity. Conventional serological assays, such as
enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) for specific IgM and IgG antibodies, should offer
a high-throughput alternative, which allows for uniform tests for all suspected
patients, and can facilitate more complete identification of infected cases and
avoidance of unnecessary cross infection among unselected patients. This article is
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25702
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Outbreak Cases with the Novel Coronavirus Suggest Upgraded Quarantine and
Isolation in Korea
AU - Yoo, Jin Hong
AU - Hong, Sung Tae
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - J Korean Med Sci
PB -
CY -
VL - 35
IS - 5
PG - e62-e62
SP - e62
EP - e62
AN - 32030926
DO - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e62
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Imported into Korea from
Wuhan, China: Implication for Infection Prevention and Control Measures
AU - Kim, Jin Yong
AU - Choe, Pyoeng Gyun
AU - Oh, Yoonju
AU - Oh, Kyung Joong
AU - Kim, Jinsil
AU - Park, So Jeong
AU - Park, Ji Hye
AU - Na, Hye Kyoung
AU - Oh, Myoung Don
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, a viral pneumonia outbreak caused by a novel
betacoronavirus, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), began in Wuhan, China. We
report the epidemiological and clinical features of the first patient with 2019-
nCoV pneumonia imported into Korea from Wuhan. This report suggests that in the
early phase of 2019-nCoV pneumonia, chest radiography would miss patients with
pneumonia and highlights taking travel history is of paramount importance for early
detection and isolation of 2019-nCoV cases.
PB -
CY -
VL - 35
IS - 5
PG - e61-e61
SP - e61
EP - e61
AN - 32030925
DO - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e61
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Estimation of the Transmission Risk of the 2019-nCoV and Its Implication for
Public Health Interventions
AU - Tang, Biao
AU - Wang, Xia
AU - Li, Qian
AU - Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
AU - Tang, Sanyi
AU - Xiao, Yanni
AU - Wu, Jianhong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since the emergence of the first cases in Wuhan, China, the novel coronavirus
(2019-nCoV) infection has been quickly spreading out to other provinces and
neighboring countries. Estimation of the basic reproduction number by means of
mathematical modeling can be helpful for determining the potential and severity of
an outbreak and providing critical information for identifying the type of disease
interventions and intensity. A deterministic compartmental model was devised based
on the clinical progression of the disease, epidemiological status of the
individuals, and intervention measures. The estimations based on likelihood and
model analysis show that the control reproduction number may be as high as 6.47
(95% CI 5.71–7.23). Sensitivity analyses show that interventions, such as intensive
contact tracing followed by quarantine and isolation, can effectively reduce the
control reproduction number and transmission risk, with the effect of travel
restriction adopted by Wuhan on 2019-nCoV infection in Beijing being almost
equivalent to increasing quarantine by a 100 thousand baseline value. It is
essential to assess how the expensive, resource-intensive measures implemented by
the Chinese authorities can contribute to the prevention and control of the 2019-
nCoV infection, and how long they should be maintained. Under the most restrictive
measures, the outbreak is expected to peak within two weeks (since 23 January 2020)
with a significant low peak value. With travel restriction (no imported exposed
individuals to Beijing), the number of infected individuals in seven days will
decrease by 91.14% in Beijing, compared with the scenario of no travel restriction.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG - 462
SP - 462
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020462
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/2/462
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Rate of Underascertainment of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infection:
Estimation Using Japanese Passengers Data on Evacuation Flights
AU - Yang, Yichi
AU - Miyama, Takeshi
AU - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU - Jung, Sung-Mok
AU - Yuan, Baoyin
AU - Suzuki, Ayako
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - From 29 to 31 January 2020, a total of 565 Japanese citizens were evacuated
from Wuhan, China on three chartered flights. All passengers were screened upon
arrival in Japan for symptoms consistent with novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
infection and tested for presence of the virus. Assuming that the mean detection
window of the virus can be informed by the mean serial interval (estimated at 7.5
days), the ascertainment rate of infection was estimated at 9.2% (95% confidence
interval: 5.0, 20.0). This indicates that the incidence of infection in Wuhan can
be estimated at 20,767 infected individuals, including those with asymptomatic and
mildly symptomatic infections. The infection fatality risk (IFR)-the actual risk of
death among all infected individuals-is therefore 0.3% to 0.6%, which may be
comparable to Asian influenza pandemic of 1957-1958.
JO - J Clin Med
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG - E419
SP - E419
EP -
AN - 32033064
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020419
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel
Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China
AU - Wang, Dawei
AU - Hu, Bo
AU - Hu, Chang
AU - Zhu, Fangfang
AU - Liu, Xing
AU - Zhang, Jing
AU - Wang, Binbin
AU - Xiang, Hui
AU - Cheng, Zhenshun
AU - Xiong, Yong
AU - Zhao, Yan
AU - Li, Yirong
AU - Wang, Xinghuan
AU - Peng, Zhiyong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - IMPORTANCE: In December 2019, novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-infected
pneumonia (NCIP) occurred in Wuhan, China. The number of cases has increased
rapidly but information on the clinical characteristics of affected patients is
limited. OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of
NCIP. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Retrospective, single-center case series
of the 138 consecutive hospitalized patients with confirmed NCIP at Zhongnan
Hospital of Wuhan University in Wuhan, China, from January 1 to January 28, 2020;
final date of follow-up was February 3, 2020. EXPOSURES: Documented NCIP. MAIN
OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Epidemiological, demographic, clinical, laboratory,
radiological, and treatment data were collected and analyzed. Outcomes of
critically ill patients and noncritically ill patients were compared. Presumed
hospital-related transmission was suspected if a cluster of health professionals or
hospitalized patients in the same wards became infected and a possible source of
infection could be tracked. RESULTS: Of 138 hospitalized patients with NCIP, the
median age was 56 years (interquartile range, 42-68; range, 22-92 years) and 75
(54.3%) were men. Hospital-associated transmission was suspected as the presumed
mechanism of infection for affected health professionals (40 [29%]) and
hospitalized patients (17 [12.3%]). Common symptoms included fever (136 [98.6%]),
fatigue (96 [69.6%]), and dry cough (82 [59.4%]). Lymphopenia (lymphocyte count,
0.8 × 109/L [interquartile range {IQR}, 0.6-1.1]) occurred in 97 patients (70.3%),
prolonged prothrombin time (13.0 seconds [IQR, 12.3-13.7]) in 80 patients (58%),
and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (261 U/L [IQR, 182-403]) in 55 patients (39.9%).
Chest computed tomographic scans showed bilateral patchy shadows or ground glass
opacity in the lungs of all patients. Most patients received antiviral therapy
(oseltamivir, 124 [89.9%]), and many received antibacterial therapy (moxifloxacin,
89 [64.4%]; ceftriaxone, 34 [24.6%]; azithromycin, 25 [18.1%]) and glucocorticoid
therapy (62 [44.9%]). Thirty-six patients (26.1%) were transferred to the intensive
care unit (ICU) because of complications, including acute respiratory distress
syndrome (22 [61.1%]), arrhythmia (16 [44.4%]), and shock (11 [30.6%]). The median
time from first symptom to dyspnea was 5.0 days, to hospital admission was 7.0
days, and to ARDS was 8.0 days. Patients treated in the ICU (n = 36), compared with
patients not treated in the ICU (n = 102), were older (median age, 66 years vs 51
years), were more likely to have underlying comorbidities (26 [72.2%] vs 38
[37.3%]), and were more likely to have dyspnea (23 [63.9%] vs 20 [19.6%]), and
anorexia (24 [66.7%] vs 31 [30.4%]). Of the 36 cases in the ICU, 4 (11.1%) received
high-flow oxygen therapy, 15 (41.7%) received noninvasive ventilation, and 17
(47.2%) received invasive ventilation (4 were switched to extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation). As of February 3, 47 patients (34.1%) were discharged and 6 died
(overall mortality, 4.3%), but the remaining patients are still hospitalized. Among
those discharged alive (n = 47), the median hospital stay was 10 days (IQR, 7.0-
14.0). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this single-center case series of 138
hospitalized patients with confirmed NCIP in Wuhan, China, presumed hospital-
related transmission of 2019-nCoV was suspected in 41% of patients, 26% of patients
received ICU care, and mortality was 4.3%.
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1001/jama.2020.1585
SP - 10.1001/jama.2020.1585
EP -
AN - 32031570
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.1585
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Novel Coronavirus Infections
Involving 13 Patients Outside Wuhan, China
AU - Chang, De
AU - Lin, Minggui
AU - Wei, Lai
AU - Xie, Lixin
AU - Zhu, Guangfa
AU - Dela Cruz, Charles S.
AU - Sharma, Lokesh
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1001/jama.2020.1623
SP - 10.1001/jama.2020.1623
EP -
AN - 32031568
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.1623
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Strengthening ICU health security for a coronavirus epidemic
AU - Jansson, Miia
AU - Liao, Xuelian
AU - Rello, Jordi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Intensive and Critical Care Nursing
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 102812
SP - 102812
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2020.102812
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Racing towards the development of diagnostics for a novel coronavirus (2019-
nCoV)
AU - Dennis Lo, Y. M.
AU - Chiu, Rossa W. K.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Clin Chem
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - hvaa038
SP - hvaa038
EP -
AN - 32031590
DO - 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa038
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Molecular Diagnosis of a Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Causing an Outbreak of
Pneumonia
AU - Chu, Daniel K. W.
AU - Pan, Yang
AU - Cheng, Samuel M. S.
AU - Hui, Kenrie P. Y.
AU - Krishnan, Pavithra
AU - Liu, Yingzhi
AU - Ng, Daisy Y. M.
AU - Wan, Carrie K. C.
AU - Yang, Peng
AU - Wang, Quanyi
AU - Peiris, Malik
AU - Poon, Leo L. M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - BACKGROUND: A novel coronavirus of zoonotic origin (2019-nCoV) has recently
been identified in patients with acute respiratory disease. This virus is
genetically similar to SARS coronavirus and bat SARS-like coronaviruses. The
outbreak was initially detected in Wuhan, a major city of China, but has
subsequently been detected in other provinces of China. Travel-associated cases
have also been reported in a few other countries. Outbreaks in health care workers
indicate human-to-human transmission. Molecular tests for rapid detection of this
virus are urgently needed for early identification of infected patients. METHODS:
We developed two 1-step quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR assays to
detect two different regions (ORF1b and N) of the viral genome. The primer and
probe sets were designed to react with this novel coronavirus and its closely
related viruses, such as SARS coronavirus. These assays were evaluated using a
panel of positive and negative controls. In addition, respiratory specimens from
two 2019-nCoV-infected patients were tested. RESULTS: Using RNA extracted from
cells infected by SARS coronavirus as a positive control, these assays were shown
to have a dynamic range of at least seven orders of magnitude (2x10-4-2000
TCID50/reaction). Using DNA plasmids as positive standards, the detection limits of
these assays were found to be below 10 copies per reaction. All negative control
samples were negative in the assays. Samples from two 2019-nCoV-infected patients
were positive in the tests. CONCLUSIONS: The established assays can achieve a rapid
detection of 2019n-CoV in human samples, thereby allowing early identification of
patients.
JO - Clin Chem
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - hvaa029
SP - hvaa029
EP -
AN - 32031583
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Genome Composition and Divergence of the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
Originating in China
AU - Wu, Aiping
AU - Peng, Yousong
AU - Huang, Baoying
AU - Ding, Xiao
AU - Wang, Xianyue
AU - Niu, Peihua
AU - Meng, Jing
AU - Zhu, Zhaozhong
AU - Zhang, Zheng
AU - Wang, Jiangyuan
AU - Sheng, Jie
AU - Quan, Lijun
AU - Xia, Zanxian
AU - Tan, Wenjie
AU - Cheng, Genhong
AU - Jiang, Taijiao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - An in-depth annotation of the newly discovered coronavirus (2019-nCoV) genome
has revealed differences between 2019-nCoV and severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SARS) or SARS-like coronaviruses. A systematic comparison identified 380 amino
acid substitutions between these coronaviruses, which may have caused functional
and pathogenic divergence of 2019-nCoV.
JO - Cell Host & Microbe
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2020.02.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - In Beijing, coronavirus 2019-nCoV has created a siege mentality
AU - Mowbray, Heather
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m516-m516
SP - m516
EP - m516
AN - 32033967
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m516
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four cases with 2019
novel coronavirus pneumonia receiving combined Chinese and Western medicine
treatment
AU - Wang, Zhenwei
AU - Chen, Xiaorong
AU - Lu, Yunfei
AU - Chen, Feifei
AU - Zhang, Wei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - BioScience Trends
PB -
CY -
VL - advpub
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.5582/bst.2020.01030
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Fighting the novel coronavirus: the publication of the Chinese expert
consensus on the perinatal and neonatal management for the prevention and control
of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection (First edition)
AU - Editorial, Office
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Ann Palliat Med
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - apm.2020.02.02
SP - apm.2020.02.02
EP -
AN - 32028773
DO - 10.21037/apm.2020.02.02
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Scientists are racing to model the next moves of a coronavirus that's still
hard to predict | Science | AAAS
AU - Cohen, Jon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Beyond China itself, Thailand is the country that most likely will have
people who arrive at one of its airports with an infection by the novel coronavirus
(2019-nCoV) that has sickened more than 30,000 people. So says the latest update of
a global risk assessment model created by a team of researchers from the Humboldt
University of Berlin and the Robert Koch Institute that relies on air travel data.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/scientists-are-racing-model-next-
moves-coronavirus-thats-still-hard-predict
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - ADVS
TI - The 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak – Update From NIAID’s Anthony Fauci, MD
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In February 2020 the nature of the 2019-nCoV outbreak is still slowly coming
into focus but it appears to be acting more like bad pandemic influenza (efficient
spread, overall lower mortality) than like SARS (less efficient spread, overall
higher mortality). Dr. Anthony Fauci of the US National Institute of Allergy and
Infectious Diseases (NIAID) discusses the latest developments with JAMA Editor
Howard Bauchner.Coronavirus Resource Center
JO -
PB - JAMA Network
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/audio-player/18217492
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Suggestions for disinfection of ophthalmic examination equipment and
protection of ophthalmologist against 2019 novel coronavirus infection
AU - Zhang, M. C.
AU - Xie, H. T.
AU - Xu, K. K.
AU - Cao, Y.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - At present, the prevention and treatment of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-
nCoV) in China has reached a critical stage. It is extremely important to disinfect
ophthalmic examination instruments and protect ophthalmic medical care during the
epidemic period to reduce cross-infection in clinical practice and reduce the
infection risk of ophthalmic medical staff. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56: 0001).
JO - Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 56
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN - 32035428
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2020.0001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Recommendations for the diagnosis, prevention and control of the 2019 novel
coronavirus infection in children (first interim edition)
AU - Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association
AU - Editorial Board, Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E004-E004
SP - E004
EP - E004
AN - 32035429
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0004
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus latest: deaths in China surpass SARS toll
AU - Nature
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of
people. Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of
people. Here’s the latest news on the outbreak. 10 February 04:30 GMT — Deaths in
China surpass toll from SARS More than 900 people in China have died from the new
virus, a greater number than those who died from severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SARS) in the 2002–03 epidemic. That outbreak, which also originated in China,
killed 774 people worldwide. The number of people in the country infected with the
new coronavirus has risen to 40,171, according to the latest update from China‘s
National Health Commission.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emerging novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) - Current scenario, evolutionary
perspective based on genome analysis and recent developments
AU - Malik, Yashpal Singh
AU - Sircar, Shubhankar
AU - Bhat, Sudipta
AU - Sharun, Khan
AU - Dhama, Kuldeep
AU - Dadar, Maryam
AU - Tiwari, Ruchi
AU - Chaicumpa, Wanpen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Coronaviruses are the well-known cause of severe respiratory, enteric and
systemic infections in a wide range of hosts including man, mammals, fish, and
avian. The scientific interest on coronaviruses increased after the emergence of
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) outbreaks in 2002-2003
followed by Middle East Respiratory Syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV). This decade’s first
CoV, named 2019-nCoV, emerged from Wuhan, China, and declared as “Public Health
Emergency of International Concern” on January 30th, 2020 by the World Health
Organization (WHO). As on February 4, 2020, 425 deaths reported in China only and
one death outside China (Philippines). In a short span of time, the virus spread
has been noted in 24 countries. The zoonotic transmission (animal-to-human) is
suspected as the route of disease origin. The genetic analyses predict bats as the
most probable source of 2019-nCoV though further investigations needed to confirm
the origin of the novel virus. The ongoing nCoV outbreak highlights the hidden wild
animal reservoir of the deadly viruses and possible threat of spillover zoonoses as
well. The successful virus isolation attempts have made doors open for developing
better diagnostics and effective vaccines helping in combating the spread of the
virus to newer areas.
JO - Veterinary Quarterly
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1-12
SP - 1
EP - 12
AN -
DO - 10.1080/01652176.2020.1727993
UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2020.1727993
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Epidemiologic characteristics of early cases with 2019 novel coronavirus
(2019-nCoV) disease in Republic of Korea
AU - Ki, Moran
AU - nCoV, Task Force For
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since the first case of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in South Korea was
confirmed on January 20, 2020, there have been 24 confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV. The
majority of these cases (58.3%; n=14) were male, with a median age of 42 years
(range, 21-62 years). Of the confirmed cases, 15 were index cases (63%), six were
first-generation patients (24%), and three were second-generation patients (12.5%).
All the first- and second-generation patients were family members or close
acquaintances of index cases. All the index cases entered the South Korea from
January 19 to 24, 2020. The average incubation period was 3.6 days (median, 4 days)
and the reproduction number (R0) was calculated as 0.5. Two of the confirmed cases
were asymptomatic. As of February 8, 22 patients with 2019-nCoV are hospitalized in
South Korea, and 2 have been discharged from the hospital. The epidemiological
indicators will be revised as new information becomes available in the future.
Sharing epidemiological information among researchers around the world is essential
for efficient preparations and responses to new infectious diseases.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - e2020007-e2020007
SP - e2020007
EP - e2020007
AN - 32035431
DO - 10.4178/epih.e2020007
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Recommendations on extracorporeal life support for critically ill patients
with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - Chinese Society of Extracorporeal Life, Support
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Along with the sharp increase of confirmed cases novel coronavirus infection,
more critically ill cases require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
support. Based on the clinical data of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), as well
as the dada from previous clinical studies and the recommendations from the
Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO), the committee board of the Chinese
Society of Extracorporeal Life Support (CSECLS) made this recommendations to guide
clinical ECMO application in the patients with NCP.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E009-E009
SP - E009
EP - E009
AN - 32035430
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0009
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - New coronavirus: new challenges for pediatricians
AU - Chen, Zhi-Min
AU - Fu, Jun-Fen
AU - Shu, Qiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Children comprise a special population whose immune response system is
distinct from adults. Therefore, pediatric patients infected with 2019-nCoV have
their own clinical features and therapeutic responses. Herein, we formulate this
recommendation for diagnosis and treatment of 2019-nCoV infection in children which
is of paramount importance for clinical practiceSN - 1867-0687
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s12519-020-00346-4
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-020-00346-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Fusion mechanism of 2019-nCoV and fusion inhibitors targeting HR1 domain in
spike protein
AU - Xia, Shuai
AU - Zhu, Yun
AU - Liu, Meiqin
AU - Lan, Qiaoshuai
AU - Xu, Wei
AU - Wu, Yanling
AU - Ying, Tianlei
AU - Liu, Shuwen
AU - Shi, Zhengli
AU - Jiang, Shibo
AU - Lu, Lu
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Cellular & Molecular Immunology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41423-020-0374-2
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41423-020-0374-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential Maternal and Infant Outcomes from (Wuhan) Coronavirus 2019-nCoV
Infecting Pregnant Women: Lessons from SARS, MERS, and Other Human Coronavirus
Infections
AU - Schwartz, David A.
AU - Graham, Ashley L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In early December 2019 a cluster of cases of pneumonia of unknown cause was
identified in Wuhan, a city of 11 million persons in the People’s Republic of
China. Further investigation revealed these cases to result from infection with a
newly identified coronavirus, termed the 2019-nCoV. The infection moved rapidly
through China, spread to Thailand and Japan, extended into adjacent countries
through infected persons travelling by air, eventually reaching multiple countries
and continents. Similar to such other coronaviruses as those causing the Middle
East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the
new coronavirus was reported to spread via natural aerosols from human-to-human. In
the early stages of this epidemic the case fatality rate is estimated to be
approximately 2%, with the majority of deaths occurring in special populations.
Unfortunately, there is limited experience with coronavirus infections during
pregnancy, and it now appears certain that pregnant women have become infected
during the present 2019-nCoV epidemic. In order to assess the potential of the
Wuhan 2019-nCoV to cause maternal, fetal and neonatal morbidity and other poor
obstetrical outcomes, this communication reviews the published data addressing the
epidemiological and clinical effects of SARS, MERS, and other coronavirus
infections on pregnant women and their infants. Recommendations are also made for
the consideration of pregnant women in the design, clinical trials, and
implementation of future 2019-nCoV vaccines.
JO - Viruses
PB -
CY -
VL - 12
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/v12020194
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus: global stocks of protective gear are depleted, with demand at
“100 times” normal level, WHO warns
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The demand for personal protective equipment such as masks and respirators is
100 times the normal level, and costs have skyrocketed to around 20 times their
usual price, the World Health Organization has reported. WHO warned of “severe
disruption” in the market for personal protective equipment and said that worldwide
stocks were “now insufficient” to meet demand. The warning came from WHO’s director
general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, during his opening remarks at a briefing on
2019-nCoV on 7 February. He said that the situation had been “exacerbated by
widespread, inappropriate use of personal protective equipment outside patient
care.” This has led to “depleted stockpiles and backlogs of four to six months.”
Last week The BMJ reported that GPs in Australia were finding it difficult to get
the protective masks they needed because of shortages The demand for personal
protective equipment such as masks and respirators is 100 times the normal level,
and costs have skyrocketed to around 20 times their usual price, the World Health
Organization has reported.WHO warned of “severe disruption” in the market for
personal protective equipment and said that worldwide stocks were “now
insufficient” to meet demand. The warning came from …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m543
SP - m543
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m543
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus: NHS staff get power to keep patients in isolation as UK declares
“serious threat”
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The UK government has declared that the incidence or transmission of the
novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV constitutes a serious and imminent threat to public
health. The announcement means that England’s health secretary, Matt Hancock, can
enact regulations to ensure that the public is “protected as far as possible from
the transmission of the virus.” This includes designating Arrowe Park Hospital,
Merseyside, and the Kents Hill Park hotel and conference centre, Milton Keynes, as
isolation facilities. It also means that NHS staff members have “strengthened
powers” to keep patients in isolation if public health professionals believe there
to be a “reasonable risk an individual may have the virus.” As at 10 February eight
people in the UK had tested positive for 2019-nCoV. Globally, the virus has spread
to 28 countries, with more than 40 000 cases and 900 deaths. The UK government has
declared that the incidence or transmission of the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV
constitutes a serious and imminent threat to public health.The announcement means
that England’s health secretary, Matt Hancock, can enact regulations to ensure that
the public is “protected as far as possible from the transmission of the virus.”
This includes designating Arrowe Park Hospital, Merseyside, and the Kents Hill Park
hotel and conference centre, Milton Keynes, as isolation facilities.It also means
that NHS staff members have “strengthened powers” to keep patients in isolation if
public health professionals believe there to be a “reasonable risk an individual
may have the virus.”As at 10 February eight people in the UK had tested positive
for 2019-nCoV. Globally, the virus has spread to 28 countries, with more than 40
000 cases …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m550
SP - m550
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m550
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Wuhan novel coronavirus 2019nCoV
AU - MacIntyre, C Raina
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Information about the open-access article 'Wuhan novel coronavirus 2019nCoV'
in DOAJ. DOAJ is an online directory that indexes and provides access to quality
open access, peer-reviewed journals.
JO - Global Biosecurity
PB -
CY -
VL - 1
IS - 3
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.31646/gbio.50
UR - https://doaj.org/article/a99f43b3b3914d86b161edd647741341
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Therapeutic options for the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU - Li, Guangdi
AU - Clercq, Erik De
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Therapeutic options in response to the 2019-nCoV outbreak are urgently
needed. Here, we discuss the potential for repurposing existing antiviral agents to
treat 2019-nCoV, some of which are already moving into clinical trials. Therapeutic
options in response to the 2019-nCoV outbreak are urgently needed. Here, we discuss
the potential for repurposing existing antiviral agents to treat 2019-nCoV, some of
which are already moving into clinical trials.
JO - Nature Reviews Drug Discovery
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41573-020-00016-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Mission impossible? WHO director fights to prevent a pandemic without
offending China | Science | AAAS
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - New outbreak comes as Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus struggles to raise more
money, thwart Ebola, and fight health misinformation
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/mission-impossible-who-director-
fights-prevent-pandemic-without-offending-china
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Ten hot issues of breast cancer under the novel coronavirus
AU - Jiang, Z. F.
AU - Li, J. B.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 100
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN - 32036640
DO - 10.0376/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2020.0002
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like
cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade
AU - Coutard, B.
AU - Valle, C.
AU - de Lamballerie, X.
AU - Canard, B.
AU - Seidah, N. G.
AU - Decroly, E.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In 2019, a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infecting Humans has emerged in Wuhan,
China. Its genome has been sequenced and the genomic information promptly released.
Despite a high similarity with the genome sequence of SARS-CoV and SARS-like CoVs,
we identified a peculiar furin-like cleavage site in the Spike protein of the 2019-
nCoV, lacking in the other SARS-like CoVs. In this article, we discuss the possible
functional consequences of this cleavage site in the viral cycle, pathogenicity and
its potential implication in the development of antivirals.
JO - Antiviral Research
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 104742
SP - 104742
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104742
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The first 2019 novel coronavirus case in Nepal
AU - Bastola, Anup
AU - Sah, Ranjit
AU - Lal, Bibek Kumar
AU - Jha, Runa
AU - Ojha, Hemant Chanda
AU - Shrestha, Bikesh
AU - Chu, Daniel K. W.
AU - Costello, Anthony
AU - Morita, Kouichi
AU - Pandey, Basu Dev
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30067-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronaphobia: Fear and the 2019-nCoV Outbreak
AU - Asmundson, Gordon J. G.
AU - Taylor, Steven
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of Anxiety Disorders
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 102196
SP - 102196
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102196
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Persons Evaluated for 2019 Novel Coronavirus — United States, January 2020 |
MMWR
AU - Kristina L. Bajema, MD1, 2
AU - Alexandra M. Oster, MD3
AU - Olivia L. McGovern, PhD1, 2
AU - Stephen Lindstrom, PhD4
AU - Mark R. Stenger, MA5
AU - Tara C. Anderson, DVM, PhD6
AU - Cheryl Isenhour, DVM2
AU - Kevin R. Clarke, MD7
AU - Mary E. Evans, MD8
AU - Victoria T. Chu, MD1, 4
AU - Holly M. Biggs, MD4
AU - Hannah L. Kirking, MD4
AU - Susan I. Gerber, MD4
AU - Aron J. Hall, DVM4
AU - Alicia M. Fry, MD9
AU - Sara E. Oliver, MD2
AU - Team, -nCoV Persons Under Investigation
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Health care providers should remain vigilant about possible 2019 novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV) exposures not only among returning travelers from China,
but also among those in close contact with persons with 2019-nCoV in the United
States.
JO - MMWR
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6906e1.htm?
s_cid=mm6906e1_w#suggestedcitation © 2020 Clarivate Analytics
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Rapid outbreak response requires trust
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Nature Microbiology
PB -
CY -
VL - 5
IS - 2
PG - 227-228
SP - 227
EP - 228
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41564-020-0670-8
020-0670-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Preparation for Possible Sustained Transmission of 2019 Novel Coronavirus:
Lessons From Previous Epidemics
AU - Swerdlow, David L.
AU - Finelli, Lyn
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1001/jama.2020.1960
SP - 10.1001/jama.2020.1960
EP -
AN - 32044915
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.1960
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Old Weapon for New Enemy: Drug Repurposing for Treatment of Newly Emerging
Viral Diseases
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In a very recent work by a research team led by Drs. Gengfu Xiao, Wu Zhong
and Zhihong Hu, the antiviral efficiency of the FDA-approved drugs including
ribavirin, penciclovir, nitazoxanide, nafamostat, chloroquine (CQ) and two well-
known broad-spectrum antiviral drugs remdesivir (RDV, GS-5734) and favipiravir (T-
705) were evaluated against a clinical isolate of 2019-nCoV in a cell culture
infection model (Wang et al.2020). The authors found that two compounds CQ (EC50
value?=?1.13 µmol/L; CC50?>?100 µmol/L, SI?>?88.50) and RDV (EC50?=?0.77 µmol/L;
CC50?>?100 µmol/L; SI?>?129.87) potently blocked virus infection at low-micromolar
concentration and showed high selectivity index (SI). From the in vitro results,
these two compounds appear promising to be transformed into clinical drugs for
treatment of 2019-nCoV infections.AU - Guo, Deyin
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s12250-020-00204-7
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-020-00204-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Labs scramble to spot hidden coronavirus infections
AU - Jon Cohen, et al.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The seeming precision of the global tallies of cases and deaths caused by the
novel coronavirus now spreading from Wuhan, China belies an alarming fact. ... (A
study group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses christened the
novel virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2, the
same day). But many news stories have reported shortages of diagnostics in Hubei.
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/labs-scramble-spot-hidden-
coronavirus-infections
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Laboratory readiness and response for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in expert
laboratories in 30 EU/EEA countries, January 2020
AU - Reusken, Chantal B.E.M.
AU - Broberg, Eeva K.
AU - Haagmans, Bart
AU - Meijer, Adam
AU - Corman, Victor M.
AU - Papa, Anna
AU - Charrel, Remi
AU - Drosten, Christian
AU - Koopmans, Marion
AU - Leitmeyer, Katrin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Timely detection of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection cases is crucial
to interrupt the spread of this virus. We assessed the required expertise and
capacity for molecular detection of 2019-nCoV in specialised laboratories in 30
European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries. Thirty-eight laboratories
in 24 EU/EEA countries had diagnostic tests available by 29 January 2020. A
coverage of all EU/EEA countries was expected by mid-February. Availability of
primers/probes, positive controls and personnel were main implementation barriers.
JO - Eurosurveillance
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.6.2000082
UR - https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-
7917.ES.2020.25.6.2000082
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - An interim review of the epidemiological characteristics of 2019 novel
coronavirus
AU - Ryu, Sukhyun
AU - Chun, Byung Chul
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - OBJECTIVES: The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) from Wuhan, China is
currently recognized as a public health emergency of global concern. METHODS: We
reviewed the currently available literature to provide up-to-date guidance on
control measures to be implemented by public health authorities. RESULTS: Some of
the epidemiological characteristics of 2019-nCoV have been identified. However,
there remain considerable uncertainties, which should be considered when providing
guidance to public health authorities on control measures. CONCLUSIONS: Additional
studies incorporating more detailed information from confirmed cases would be
valuable.
PB -
CY -
VL - 42
IS - 0
PG - e2020006-0
SP - e2020006
EP - 0
AN -
DO - 10.4178/epih.e2020006
UR - https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020006 http://www.e-epih.org/journal/view.php?
number=1073
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Initial Cluster of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infections in Wuhan, China
Is Consistent with Substantial Human-to-Human Transmission Novel Coronavirus
Outbreak in Wuhan, China, 2020: Intense Surveillance Is Vital for Preventing
Sustained Transmission in New Locations
AU - Thompson, Robin N.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Reanalysis of the epidemic curve from the initial cluster of cases with novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in December 2019 indicates substantial human-to-human
transmission. It is possible that the common exposure history at a seafood market
in Wuhan originated from the human-to-human transmission events within the market,
and the early, strong emphasis that market exposure indicated animal-to-human
transmission was potentially the result of observer bias. To support the hypothesis
of zoonotic origin of 2019-nCoV stemming from the Huanan seafood market, the index
case should have had exposure history related to the market and the virus should
have been identified from animals sold at the market. As these requirements remain
unmet, zoonotic spillover at the market must not be overemphasized. The outbreak of
pneumonia originating in Wuhan, China, has generated 24,500 confirmed cases,
including 492 deaths, as of 5 February 2020. The virus (2019-nCoV) has spread
elsewhere in China and to 24 countries, including South Korea, Thailand, Japan and
USA. Fortunately, there has only been limited human-to-human transmission outside
of China. Here, we assess the risk of sustained transmission whenever the
coronavirus arrives in other countries. Data describing the times from symptom
onset to hospitalisation for 47 patients infected early in the current outbreak are
used to generate an estimate for the probability that an imported case is followed
by sustained human-to-human transmission. Under the assumptions that the imported
case is representative of the patients in China, and that the 2019-nCoV is
similarly transmissible to the SARS coronavirus, the probability that an imported
case is followed by sustained human-to-human transmission is 0.41 (credible
interval [0.27, 0.55]). However, if the mean time from symptom onset to
hospitalisation can be halved by intense surveillance, then the probability that an
imported case leads to sustained transmission is only 0.012 (credible interval [0,
0.099]). This emphasises the importance of current surveillance efforts in
countries around the world, to ensure that the ongoing outbreak will not become a
global pandemic.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020488 10.3390/jcm9020498ER -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Incubation period of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections among
travellers from Wuhan, China, 20–28 January 2020
AU - Backer, Jantien A
AU - Klinkenberg, Don
AU - Wallinga, Jacco
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In January 2020, an increasing number of cases confirmed to be infected with
2019-nCoV were detected outside Wuhan. For 88 cases detected between 20 and 28
January, the travel history (to and) from Wuhan is known, as well as their symptom
onset date. Their ages range from 2 to 72 years of age (information missing for
four cases); 31 were female and 57 were male. During this initial stage of the
epidemic, it is most likely that these travellers were infected in Wuhan.
Consequently, their time spent in Wuhan can be taken as the duration of exposure to
infection. Of these 88 cases with known travel history, 63 were Wuhan residents who
travelled elsewhere and 25 were visitors who stayed in Wuhan for a limited time. By
taking the date of symptom onset and travel history together, we inferred the
possible incubation period for each of these cases. The data used for this analysis
has been translated from Chinese sources such as provincial centres of disease
control, and made publicly available [8]. We took the data as available on 29
January 2020 (Supplementary Material S1).
PB -
CY -
VL - 25
IS - 5
PG - 2000062
SP - 2000062
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.5.2000062
7917.ES.2020.25.5.2000062
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Epidemiological research priorities for public health control of the ongoing
global novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak
AU - Cowling, Benjamin J
AU - Leung, Gabriel M
PY -
PD -
N2 - Infections with 2019-nCoV can spread from person to person, and in the
earliest phase of the outbreak the basic reproductive number was estimated to be
around 2.2, assuming a mean serial interval of 7.5 days [2]. The serial interval
was not precisely estimated, and a potentially shorter mean serial interval would
have corresponded to a slightly lower basic reproductive number. Control measures
and changes in population behaviour later in January should have reduced the
effective reproductive number. However, it is too early to estimate whether the
effective reproductive number has been reduced to below the critical threshold of 1
because cases currently being detected and reported would have mostly been infected
in mid- to late-January. Average delays between infection and illness onset have
been estimated at around 5–6 days, with an upper limit of around 11-14 days [2,5],
and delays from illness onset to laboratory confirmation added a further 10 days on
average [2].
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
7917.ES.2020.25.6.2000110It is now 6 weeks since Chinese health authorities
announced the discovery of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) [1] causing a cluster of
pneumonia cases in Wuhan, the major trans
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Effectiveness of airport screening at detecting travellers infected with
novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU - Quilty, Billy J
AU - Clifford, Sam
AU - group2, CMMID nCoV working
AU - Flasche, Stefan
AU - Eggo, Rosalind M
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - We simulated 100 2019-nCoV infected travellers planning to board a flight who
would pose a risk for seeding transmission in a new region. The duration of travel
was considered as the flight time plus a small amount of additional travel time (ca
1 hour) for airport procedures. We assumed that infected individuals will develop
symptoms, including fever, at the end of their incubation period (mean 5.2 days
(Table)) [8] and progress to more severe symptoms after a few days, resulting in
hospitalisation and isolation. We also took into account that individuals may have
asymptomatic (subclinical) infection that would not be detected by thermal scanning
or cause them to seek medical care, although these individuals may be infectious,
and that infected travellers may exhibit severe symptoms during their travel and be
hospitalised upon arrival without undergoing entry screening. We then estimated the
proportion of infected travellers who would be detected by exit and entry
screening, develop severe symptoms during travel, or go undetected, under varying
assumptions of: (i) the duration of travel; (ii) the sensitivity of exit and entry
screening; (iii) the proportion of asymptomatic infections; (iv) the incubation
period and (v) the time from symptom onset to hospitalisation (Table).
PB -
CY -
VL - 25
IS - 5
PG - 2000080
SP - 2000080
EP -
AN -
7917.ES.2020.25.5.2000080
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Critical care management of adults with community-acquired severe respiratory
viral infection
AU - Arabi, Yaseen M.
AU - Fowler, Robert
AU - Hayden, Frederick G.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - With the expanding use of molecular assays, viral pathogens are increasingly
recognized among critically ill adult patients with community-acquired severe
respiratory illness; studies have detected respiratory viral infections (RVIs) in
17–53% of such patients. In addition, novel pathogens including zoonotic
coronaviruses like the agents causing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS),
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019 nCoV)
are still being identified. Patients with severe RVIs requiring ICU care present
typically with hypoxemic respiratory failure. Oseltamivir is the most widely used
neuraminidase inhibitor for treatment of influenza; data suggest that early use is
associated with reduced mortality in critically ill patients with influenza. At
present, there are no antiviral therapies of proven efficacy for other severe RVIs.
Several adjunctive pharmacologic interventions have been studied for their
immunomodulatory effects, including macrolides, corticosteroids, cyclooxygenase-2
inhibitors, sirolimus, statins, anti-influenza immune plasma, and vitamin C, but
none is recommended at present in severe RVIs. Evidence-based supportive care is
the mainstay for management of severe respiratory viral infection. Non-invasive
ventilation in patients with severe RVI causing acute hypoxemic respiratory failure
and pneumonia is associated with a high likelihood of transition to invasive
ventilation. Limited existing knowledge highlights the need for data regarding
supportive care and adjunctive pharmacologic therapy that is specific for
critically ill patients with severe RVI. There is a need for more pragmatic and
efficient designs to test different therapeutics both individually and in
combination.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00134-020-05943-5
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05943-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus latest: WHO officially names disease COVID-19
AU - Science
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The World Health Organization has officially named the disease caused by the
coronavirus COVID-19. This will replace various monikers and hashtags given to the
emerging illness over the past few weeks. Most recently, on 8 February, China’s
National Health Commission decided to temporarily call the disease novel
coronavirus pneumonia, or NCP. But because viruses continue to spread from animals
to people, this coronavirus won’t be novel for long.
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in
Hubei Province
AU - Kui, Liu
AU - Fang, Yuan-Yuan
AU - Deng, Yan
AU - Liu, Wei
AU - Wang, Mei-Fang
AU - Ma, Jing-Ping
AU - Xiao, Wei
AU - Wang, Ying-Nan
AU - Zhong, Min-Hua
AU - Li, Cheng-Hong
AU - Li, Guang-Cai
AU - Liu, Hui-Guo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - BACKGROUND: A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing an outbreak of pneumonia
in Wuhan, Hubei province of China was isolated in January 2020. This study aims to
investigate its epidemiologic history, and analyzed the clinical characteristics,
treatment regimens, and prognosis of patients infected with 2019-nCoV during this
outbreak. METHODS: Clinical data from 137 2019-nCoV-infected patients admitted to
the respiratory departments of nine tertiary hospitals in Hubei province from
December 30, 2019 to January 24, 2020 were collected, including general status,
clinical manifestations, laboratory test results, imaging characteristics, and
treatment regimens. RESULTS: None of the 137 patients (61 males, 76 females, aged
20-83 years, mean age 55 ± 16 years) had a definite history of exposure to Huanan
Seafood Wholesale Market. Major initial symptoms included fever (112/137, 81.8%),
coughing (66/137, 48.2%), and muscle pain or fatigue (44/137, 32.1%), with other,
less typical initial symptoms observed at low frequency, including heart
palpitations, diarrhea, and headache. Nearly 80% of the patients had normal or
decreased white blood cell counts, and 72.3% (99/137) had lymphocytopenia. Lung
involvement was present in all cases, with most chest computed tomography scans
showing lesions in multiple lung lobes, some of which were dense; ground-glass
opacity co-existed with consolidation shadows or cord-like shadows. Given the lack
of effective drugs, treatment focused on symptomatic and respiratory support.
Immunoglobulin G was delivered to some critically ill patients according to their
condition. Systemic corticosteroid treatment did not show significant benefits.
Notably, early respiratory support facilitated disease recovery and improved
prognosis. The risk of death was primarily associated with age, underlying chronic
diseases, and median interval from the appearance of initial symptoms to dyspnea.
CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients with 2019-nCoV coronavirus pneumonia present
with fever as the first symptom, and most of them still showed typical
manifestations of viral pneumonia on chest imaging. Middle-aged and elderly
patients with underlying comorbidities are susceptible to respiratory failure and
may have a poorer prognosis.
JO - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000744
SP - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000744
EP -
AN - 32044814
DO - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000744
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical and biochemical indexes from 2019-nCoV infected patients linked to
viral loads and lung injury
AU - Liu, Yingxia
AU - Yang, Yang
AU - Zhang, Cong
AU - Huang, Fengming
AU - Wang, Fuxiang
AU - Yuan, Jing
AU - Wang, Zhaoqin
AU - Li, Jinxiu
AU - Li, Jianming
AU - Feng, Cheng
AU - Zhang, Zheng
AU - Wang, Lifei
AU - Peng, Ling
AU - Chen, Li
AU - Qin, Yuhao
AU - Zhao, Dandan
AU - Tan, Shuguang
AU - Yin, Lu
AU - Xu, Jun
AU - Zhou, Congzhao
AU - Jiang, Chengyu
AU - Liu, Lei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of the 2019-nCoV infection began in December 2019 in Wuhan,
Hubei province, and rapidly spread to many provinces in China as well as other
countries. Here we report the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and
radiological characteristics, as well as potential biomarkers for predicting
disease severity in 2019-nCoV-infected patients in Shenzhen, China. All 12 cases of
the 2019-nCoV-infected patients developed pneumonia and half of them developed
acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The most common laboratory
abnormalities were hypoalbuminemia, lymphopenia, decreased percentage of
lymphocytes (LYM) and neutrophils (NEU), elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and decreased CD8 count. The viral load of 2019-nCoV
detected from patient respiratory tracts was positively linked to lung disease
severity. ALB, LYM, LYM (%), LDH, NEU (%), and CRP were highly correlated to the
acute lung injury. Age, viral load, lung injury score, and blood biochemistry
indexes, albumin (ALB), CRP, LDH, LYM (%), LYM, and NEU (%), may be predictors of
disease severity. Moreover, the Angiotensin II level in the plasma sample from
2019-nCoV infected patients was markedly elevated and linearly associated to viral
load and lung injury. Our results suggest a number of potential diagnosis
biomarkers and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) drugs for potential repurposing
treatment of 2019-nCoV infection.
JO - Science China Life Sciences
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s11427-020-1643-8
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-020-1643-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Brief review of coronavirus for healthcare professionals February 10, 2020
AU - SA, Robbins RA
AU - Klotz
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A novel epidemic is challenging the global health care system. Starting from
probably November to December 2019, another Coronavirus entered the arena of human
pathogens, to be then defined 2019- nCoV [...].
JO - Southwest Journal of Pulmonary and Critical Care. 2020;20(2):69-70
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.13175/swjpcc011-20
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Be alert to superposed effect of seasonal influenza while fighting against
novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - Li, T. G.
AU - Wang, M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) continues to spread throughout the
country, and the prevention and control of the epidemic has entered a critical
period. However, southern cities with severe outbreaks are about to enter the
seasonal influenza season. We should strengthen the epidemiological investigation,
optimize the laboratory testing strategy, take effective measures, strengthen the
prevention and control of influenza epidemic, and minimize the interference to the
new coronavirus epidemic.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN - 32040985
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2020.0002
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Bat origin of a new human coronavirus: there and back again
AU - Li, Xiang
AU - Song, Yuhe
AU - Wong, Gary
AU - Cui, Jie
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s11427-020-1645-7
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-020-1645-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Antiviral Theatrics?
AU - Lowe, Derek
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - This, though, is an official organ of the Chinese state – none more so –
showing all sorts of white-fog-spraying devices being deployed outdoors, with the
caption “Full-front disinfection work has started in #Wuhan, an effort to contain
the spread of #coronavirus“. ... Maybe there’s something in the mix that someone
thinks will do some good against coronavirus particles – I doubt if they’re
correct, if so – or maybe the whole thing is just meant to show that the
Authorities Are Doing Something.
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb2600
UR - https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2020/02/11/antiviral-
theatricsd
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-novel coronavirus infection in a three-month-old baby
AU - Zhang, Y. H.
AU - Lin, D. J.
AU - Xiao, M. F.
AU - Wang, J. C.
AU - Wei, Y.
AU - Lei, Z. X.
AU - Zeng, Z. Q.
AU - Li, L.
AU - Li, H. A.
AU - Xiang, W.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E006-E006
SP - E006
EP - E006
AN - 32043842
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0006
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-nCoV: Polite with children!
AU - Aricò, Désirée Caselli
AU - Maurizio
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A novel epidemic is challenging the global health care system. Starting from
probably November to December 2019, another Coronavirus entered the arena of human
pathogens, to be then defined 2019- nCoV [...].
JO - Pediatric Reports. 2020;12(1)
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.4081/pr.2020.8495
UR - https://www.pagepress.org/journals/index.php/pr/article/view/8495/8166
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI -
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The demand for personal protective equipment such as masks and respirators is
100 times the normal level, and costs have skyrocketed to around 20 times their
usual price, the World Health Organization has reported.WHO warned of “severe
disruption” in the market for personal protective equipment and said that worldwide
stocks were “now insufficient” to meet demand. The warning came from …
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m543
SP - m543
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m543
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Preliminary prediction of the basic reproduction number of the Wuhan novel
coronavirus 2019-nCoV
AU - Zhou, Tao
AU - Liu, Quanhui
AU - Yang, Zimo
AU - Liao, Jingyi
AU - Yang, Kexin
AU - Bai, Wei
AU - Lu, Xin
AU - Zhang, Wei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - OBJECTIVES: To estimate the basic reproduction number of the Wuhan novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV). METHODS: Based on the susceptible-exposed-infected-removed
(SEIR) compartment model and the assumption that the infectious cases with symptoms
occurred before 26 January, 2020 are resulted from free propagation without
intervention, we estimate the basic reproduction number of 2019-nCoV according to
the reported confirmed cases and suspected cases, as well as the theoretical
estimated number of infected cases by other research teams, together with some
epidemiological determinants learned from the severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SARS). RESULTS: The basic reproduction number fall between 2.8 and 3.3 by using
the real-time reports on the number of 2019-nCoV-infected cases from People's Daily
in China and fall between 3.2 and 3.9 on the basis of the predicted number of
infected cases from international colleagues. CONCLUSIONS: The early transmission
ability of 2019-nCoV is close to or slightly higher than SARS. It is a controllable
disease with moderate to high transmissibility. Timely and effective control
measures are needed to prevent the further transmissions.
JO - J Evid Based Med
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1111/jebm.12376
SP - 10.1111/jebm.12376
EP -
AN - 32048815
DO - 10.1111/jebm.12376
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Early lessons from the frontline of the 2019-nCoV outbreak
AU - Zhang, Hong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30356-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Respiratory support for severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia suffering from acute
respiratory failure: time and strategy
AU - Yuan, X.
AU - Mu, J. S.
AU - Mo, G. X.
AU - Hu, X. S.
AU - Yan, P.
AU - Xie, L. X.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Respiratory support is a very important technique for saving severe 2019-nCoV
pneumonia patients who suffering respiratory failure, which can improve
oxygenation, reduce mortality. Therefore, how to reasonable using respiratory
support technique is the key point that relating success or failure. In this paper,
the authors introduce their experience on treating severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia, it
is hopeful for current fighting against 2019-nCoV in China.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 3
PG - E010-E010
SP - E010
EP - E010
AN - 32048501
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0010
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus takes flight from bats?
AU - York, Ashley
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Two recent studies provide initial insights into a novel coronavirus that is
associated with an outbreak of human respiratory disease.
JO - Nature Reviews Microbiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1-1
SP - 1
EP - 1
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/s41579-020-0336-9
UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41579-020-0336-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Chest CT for Typical 2019-nCoV Pneumonia: Relationship to Negative RT-PCR
Testing
AU - Xie, Xingzhi
AU - Zhong, Zheng
AU - Zhao, Wei
AU - Zheng, Chao
AU - Wang, Fei
AU - Liu, Jun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Some patients with positive chest CT findings may present with negative
results of real time reverse-transcription-polymerase chain- reaction (RT-PCR) for
2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). In this report, we present chest CT findings
from five patients with 2019-nCoV infection who had initial negative RT-PCR
results. All five patients had typical imaging findings, including ground-glass
opacity (GGO) (5 patients) and/or mixed GGO and mixed consolidation (2 patients).
After isolation for presumed 2019-nCoV pneumonia, all patients were eventually
confirmed with 2019-nCoV infection by repeated swab tests. A combination of
repeated swab tests and CT scanning may be helpful when for individuals with high
clinical suspicion of nCoV infection but negative RT-PCR screening.
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200343-200343
SP - 200343
EP - 200343
AN - 32049601
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200343
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Overview of The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): The Pathogen of Severe
Specific Contagious Pneumonia (SSCP)
AU - Wu, Yi-Chi
AU - Chen, Ching-Sung
AU - Chan, Yu-Jiun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In late December 2019 a previous unidentified coronavirus, currently named as
the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), emerged from Wuhan, China and resulted in a
formidable outbreak in many cities in China and expanding globally, including
Thailand, Republic of Korea, Japan, USA, Philippines, Viet Nam, and our country (as
of 2/6/2020 at least 25 countries). The disease is officially named as the Severe
Specific Contagious Pneumonia (SSCP) in 1/15/2019 and is a notifiable communicable
disease of the 5 category by the Taiwan CDC, the Ministry of Health. SSCP is a
potential zoonotic disease with low to moderate (estimated 2-5%) mortality rate.
Person-to-person transmission may occur through droplet or contact transmission and
jeopardized first-line healthcare workers if lack of stringent infection control or
no proper personal protective equipment available. Currently, there is no definite
treatment for SSCP although some drugs are under investigation. To promptly
identify patients and prevent further spreading, physicians should be aware of
travel or contact history for patients with compatible symptoms.
JO - J Chin Med Assoc
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000270
SP - 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000270
EP -
AN - 32049687
DO - 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000270
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Wuhan 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia: A Case Report of Serial Computed
Tomographic Findings in a Female Patient (Preprint)
AU - Wei, Jiangping
AU - Xu, Huaxiang
AU - Xiong, Jingliang
AU - Shen, Qinglin
AU - Fan, Bing
AU - Ye, Chenglong
AU - Dong, Wentao
AU - Hu, Fangfang
PY -
PD -
N2 - UNSTRUCTURED Background: From December 2019, the 2019 Novel Coronavirus
(2019-nCoV) Pneumonia broke out in Wuhan, China. In this study, we present the
finding of serial computed tomography in a female patient with 2019-nCoV. Case
presentation: We report a 40-year-old female who presented with the symptoms of
fever, chest tightness, and fatigue. She was further diagnosed with 2019-nCoV
confirmed by rRT-PCR. In terms of her chest CT findings, patchy consolidation
shadows, and ground-glass opacities (GGOs) rapidly progressed in both lungs,
peripherally. After treatment, the previous lesions were almost absorbed, leaving
the fibrous lesions. Conclusions: If there is a history of fever or contact with
the epidemic area, combined with the above CT findings, it is necessary to detect
the nucleic acid of new coronavirus in time.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - From Hendra to Wuhan: what has been learned in responding to emerging
zoonotic viruses
AU - Wang, Lin-Fa
AU - Anderson, Danielle E.
AU - Mackenzie, John S.
AU - Merson, Michael H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30350-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Covid-19 epidemic
AU - Velavan, Thirumalaisamy P.
AU - Meyer, Christian G.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract The current outbreak of the novel coronavirus Covid-19 (coronavirus
disease 2019; previously 2019-nCoV), epi-centered in Hubei Province of the People's
Republic of China, has spread to many other countries. On January 30, 2020, the WHO
Emergency Committee declared a global health emergency based on growing case
notification rates at Chinese and international locations. The case detection rate
is changing hourly and daily and can be tracked in almost real time on website
provided by Johns Hopkins University [1] and other websites. As of early February
2020, China bears the large burden of morbidity and mortality, whereas the
incidence in other Asian countries, in Europe and North America remains low so far.
JO - Tropical Medicine & International Health
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1111/tmi.13383
UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13383
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Consistent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus in saliva
AU - To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
AU - Tsang, Owen Tak‐Yin
AU - Chik-Yan Yip, Cyril
AU - Chan, Kwok-Hung
AU - Wu, Tak-Chiu
AU - Chan, Jacky M. C.
AU - Leung, Wai-Shing
AU - Chik, Thomas Shiu-Hong
AU - Choi, Chris Yau-Chung
AU - Kandamby, Darshana H.
AU - Lung, David Christopher
AU - Tam, Anthony Raymond
AU - Poon, Rosana Wing-Shan
AU - Fung, Agnes Yim-Fong
AU - Hung, Ivan Fan-Ngai
AU - Cheng, Vincent Chi-Chung
AU - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The 2019-novel-coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was detected in the self-collected
saliva of 91.7% (11/12) of patients. Serial saliva viral load monitoring generally
showed a declining trend. Live virus was detected in saliva by viral culture.
Saliva is a promising non-invasive specimen for diagnosis, monitoring, and
infection control in patients with 2019-nCoV infection.
JO - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/cid/ciaa149
UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa149
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 2 (Reporting week ending 19:00 AEDT
8 February 2020)
AU - Team, Covid- National Incident Room Surveillance
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - This is the second epidemiological report for coronavirus disease (COVID-19),
previously known as novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), reported in Australia as at
19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 8 February 2020. It includes data on
Australian cases notified during the week ending 19:00 AEDT 8 February 2020, the
international situation and current information on the severity, transmission and
spread of the COVID-19 infection.
PB -
CY -
VL - 44
IS -
PG - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.14
SP - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.14
EP -
AN - 32050080
DO - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.14
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - An updated estimation of the risk of transmission of the novel coronavirus
(2019-nCov)
AU - Tang, Biao
AU - Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
AU - Li, Qian
AU - Tang, Sanyi
AU - Xiao, Yanni
AU - Wu, Jianhong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The basic reproduction number of an infectious agent is the average number of
infections one case can generate over the course of the infectious period, in a
naïve, uninfected population. It is well-known that the estimation of this number
may vary due to several methodological issues, including different assumptions and
choice of parameters, utilized models, used datasets and estimation period. With
the spreading of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection, the reproduction
number has been found to vary, reflecting the dynamics of transmission of the
coronavirus outbreak as well as the case reporting rate. Due to significant
variations in the control strategies, which have been changing over time, and
thanks to the introduction of detection technologies that have been rapidly
improved, enabling to shorten the time from infection/symptoms onset to diagnosis,
leading to faster confirmation of the new coronavirus cases, our previous
estimations on the transmission risk of the 2019-nCoV need to be revised. By using
time-dependent contact and diagnose rates, we refit our previously proposed
dynamics transmission model to the data available until January 29th 2020 and re-
estimated the effective daily reproduction ratio that better quantifies the
evolution of the interventions. We estimated when the effective daily reproduction
ratio has fallen below 1 and when the epidemics will peak. Our updated findings
suggest that the best measure is persistent and strict self-isolation. The
epidemics will continue to grow, and can peak soon with the peak time depending
highly on the public health interventions practically implemented.
JO - Infectious Disease Modelling
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idm.2020.02.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19: what is next for public health? - The Lancet
AU - Shindo, Nahoko
AU - Heymann, David L
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The WHO Scientific and Technical Advisory Group for Infectious Hazards (STAG-
IH), working with the WHO secretariat, reviewed available information about the
outbreaks of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on Feb 7, 2020, in Geneva,
Switzerland, and concluded that the continuing strategy of containment for
elimination should continue, and that the coming 2–3 weeks through to the end of
February, 2020, will be crucial to monitor the situation of community transmission
to update WHO public health recommendations if required.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30374-3
UR - https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30374-
3/fulltext © 2020 Clarivate Analytics
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-nCoV, fake news, and racism
AU - Shimizu, Kazuki
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30357-3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - On the use of corticosteroids for 2019-nCoV pneumonia
AU - Shang, Lianhan
AU - Zhao, Jianping
AU - Hu, Yi
AU - Du, Ronghui
AU - Cao, Bin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30361-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus: why a permanent ban on wildlife trade might not work in China
AU - Ribeiro, Joana
AU - Bingre, Pedro
AU - Strubbe, Diederik
AU - Reino, Luís
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL - 578
IS - 7794
PG - 217-217
SP - 217
EP - 217
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00377-x
UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00377-x
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - What are the risks of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women?
AU - Qiao, Jie
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30365-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Journey of a Thai Taxi Driver and Novel Coronavirus
AU - Pongpirul, Wannarat A.
AU - Pongpirul, Krit
AU - Ratnarathon, Anuttra C.
AU - Prasithsirikul, Wisit
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On January 20, 2020, a 51-year-old male taxi driver had fever, cough, and
myalgia and went to a local pharmacy to get unspecified over-the-counter
medications. At the time, he was not aware of the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 or the
illness it causes (Covid-19). As the symptoms persisted, he decided to visit a
private primary care clinic in Bangkok on January 23. The body temperature was
36.8°C (98°F). The clinic physician ordered a throat swab for influenza A and B;
the swab was negative for both strains. Additional medications were prescribed for
treatment of the patient’s symptoms.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1056/NEJMc2001621
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - GEN
TI - Directrices de Laboratorio para la detección y diagnóstico de la Infección
con el Nuevo Coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV)
AU - Organización Panamericana de la, Salud
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - En las directrices de laboratorio para la detección y diagnóstico de la
infección con el nuevo coronovirus 2019 la Organización Panamericana de la
Salud/Organización Mundial de la Salud (OPS/OMS) recomienda a los Estados Miembros
garantizar su identificación oportuna, el envío de las muestras a laboratorios
nacionales y de referencia y la implementación del protocolo de detección molecular
para 2019-nCoV, según la capacidad del laboratorio.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 5-5
SP - 5
EP - 5
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?
option=com_docman&view=download&slug=laboratory-guidelines-for-detection-and-
diagnosis-of-the-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov-infection&Itemid=270&lang=es
https://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_docman&view=download&slug
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-nCoV : leçons d’incertitudes et de mondialisation
AU - Matter, Michel
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Rev Med Suisse
PB -
CY -
VL - 16
IS - 681
PG - 340-340
SP - 340
EP - 340
AN - 32049463
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Scientists fear coronavirus spread in countries least able to contain it
AU - Mallapaty, Smriti
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Concerns are rising about the virus’s potential to circulate undetected in
Africa and Asia. Concerns are rising about the virus’s potential to circulate
undetected in Africa and Asia.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00405-w
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic: a veterinary perspective
AU - Lorusso, Alessio
AU - Calistri, Paolo
AU - Petrini, Antonio
AU - Savini, Giovanni
AU - Decaro, Nicola
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Vet Ital
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.12834/VetIt.2173.11599.1
SP - 10.12834/VetIt.2173.11599.1
EP -
AN - 32048818
DO - 10.12834/VetIt.1768.9338.1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A Locally Transmitted Case of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Taiwan
AU - Liu, Ying-Chu
AU - Liao, Ching-Hui
AU - Chang, Chin-Fu
AU - Chou, Chu-Chung
AU - Lin, Yan-Ren
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On January 25, 2020, a 52-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes
presented with fever to an emergency department in central Taiwan. She was admitted
to the hospital because of suspicion of pneumonia associated with SARS-CoV-2
infection. She had lived in Wuhan from October 21, 2019, to January 20, 2020. She
returned to Taiwan from Wuhan on January 20 on an airplane. On the same day, a
throat swab was obtained from another passenger on that flight; that passenger was
confirmed to have the first known imported case of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Taiwan
when the swab was found to be positive for the virus on January 21.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1056/NEJMc2001573
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential inhibitors against 2019-nCoV coronavirus M protease from clinically
approved medicines
AU - Liu, Xin
AU - Wang, Xiu-Jie
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of Genetics and Genomics
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgg.2020.02.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak: Think the unthinkable and be
prepared to face the challenge
AU - Lippi, G.
AU - Plebani, M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Diagnosis
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1515/dx-2020-0015
subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004872062 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dx-2020-
0015
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Community pharmacist in public health emergencies: Quick to action against
the coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak
AU - Lam Ung, Carolina Oi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The 2019-nCoV infection that is caused by a novel strain of coronavirus was
first detected in China in the end of December 2019 and declared a public health
emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization on January 30,
2020. Community pharmacists in one of the first areas that had confirmed cases of
the viral infection, Macau, joined the collaborative force in supporting the local
health emergency preparedness and response arrangements. This paper aimed to
improve the understanding of community pharmacists’ role in case of 2019-CoV
outbreak based on the practical experiences in consultation with the
recommendations made by the International Pharmaceutical Federation on the
Coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak.
JO - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.02.003
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus, poor quarantine, and the risk of pandemic
AU - Khan, S.
AU - Siddique, R.
AU - Ali, A.
AU - Xue, M.
AU - Nabi, G.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus: how the things are in Wuhan
AU - Khan, Suliman
AU - Nabi, Ghulam
AU - Han, Guang
AU - Siddique, Rabeea
AU - Lian, Shuai
AU - Shi, Hongwei
AU - Bashir, Nadia
AU - Ali, Ashaq
AU - Shereen, Muhammad Adnan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Clinical Microbiology and Infection
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.02.005
UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X20300847
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - NOVEL CORONAVIRUS THAT RECENTLY EMERGED IN CHINA
AU - Israeli, Eitan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Harefuah
PB -
CY -
VL - 159
IS - 1
PG - 70-71
SP - 70
EP - 71
AN - 32048481
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Toning down the 2019-nCoV media hype—and restoring hope
AU - Ippolito, Giuseppe
AU - Hui, David S.
AU - Ntoumi, Francine
AU - Maeurer, Markus
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30070-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Use of Chest CT in Combination with Negative RT-PCR Assay for the 2019 Novel
Coronavirus but High Clinical Suspicion
AU - Huang, Peikai
AU - Liu, Tianzhu
AU - Huang, Lesheng
AU - Liu, Hailong
AU - Lei, Ming
AU - Xu, Wangdong
AU - Hu, Xiaolu
AU - Chen, Jun
AU - Liu, Bo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200330-200330
SP - 200330
EP - 200330
AN - 32049600
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200330
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Maybe not an overreaction
AU - Han, Li-Hsin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A mathematical simulation of coronavirus COVID-19 estimated the number of
infections to be far worse than reported. Starting in December 2019, a novel
coronavirus, known as COVID-19, caused growing cases of atypical pneumonia in the
city of Wuhan, China. The virus spread. As of 12 February 2020, a total of 45,204
confirmed cases had been reported from China and 519 confirmed cases from 27
countries worldwide. Among the reported victims, 1116 died. When facing an epidemic
as such, a dangerous mistake that countries over the world can make is to rely
entirely on confirmed data but underestimate the actual size of infections. Causes
of underestimation include the limitation of resources, as there can be
insufficient quarantine spaces, detection reagents, and medical personnel to
identify infections in real time. Additionally, the lack of symptoms from the virus
in its dormant state can delay confirmation. There is also a fear of data being
manipulated or downplayed by officials due to economic and political concerns.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1126/scitranslmed.aba9019
UR - https://stm.sciencemag.org/content/12/530/eaba9019
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The progress of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) event in China
AU - Guan, Wang
AU - Xian, Jin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - It has been more than one month since the first 2019-nCov infected person was
diagnosed. However, the number of cumulative cases is keeping upward, including the
severe cases and death cases. It has been proved that droplets transmission is the
major route for 2019-nCov infection, and interpersonal contact could also cause the
disease. Due to the fast-growing of Wuhan pneumonia and relative low cure rate,
Chinese government is facing great challenges, and has taken emergency measures on
disease prevention and clinical treatment, including population mobility control,
building five or more hospitals for Wuhan pneumonia treatment, such as "Huo Shen
Shan" hospital as well as developing a specific vaccine. In the meanwhile, the
government shared the updated Genome Sequence of 2019-nCoV to the public, and
scientists from China and oversea are working tightly and efficiently on public
health emergency. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO - J Med Virol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1002/jmv.25705
SP - 10.1002/jmv.25705
EP -
AN - 32048741
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25705
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Daily briefing: The potential for repurposing existing drugs to fight COVID-
19 coronavirus
AU - Graham, Flora
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Time is of the essence — here’s what we’ve already got. Plus, biology’s cryo-
electron microscopy boom and why Scotland is bringing back bogs. Time is of the
essence — here’s what we’ve already got. Plus, biology’s cryo-electron microscopy
boom and why Scotland is bringing back bogs.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00412-x
UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00412-x
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - ‘A bit chaotic.’ Christening of new coronavirus and its disease name create
confusion | Science | AAAS
AU - Enserink, Martin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - “COVID-19. I’ll spell it: C-O-V-I-D hyphen one nine. COVID-19.” That’s how
Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, head of the World Health Organization (WHO), introduced
the agency’s official name for the new disease that’s paralyzing China and
threatening the rest of the world. The christening yesterday, at one of WHO’s now
daily outbreak press conferences in Geneva, ended 6 weeks of uncertainty about what
the disease would be called—but it also created some new confusion. COVID-19 is a
name for the disease, not for the virus that causes it, which until now had a
temporary moniker, 2019-nCoV, signifying it was a novel coronavirus that emerged
last year. But the pathogen also got a new designation, which arrived before Tedros
had even finished his press conference, by way of a preprint posted on bioRxiv by
the body charged with classifying and naming viruses. The Coronavirus Study Group
(CSG) of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, the paper noted, had
decided to call the virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-
CoV-2.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/bit-chaotic-christening-new-
coronavirus-and-its-disease-name-create-confusion
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Pre- and Posttreatment Chest CT Findings: 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
Pneumonia
AU - Duan, Ya-Ni
AU - Qin, Jie
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200323-200323
SP - 200323
EP - 200323
AN - 32049602
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200323
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - HRCT Imaging Features in Representative Imported Cases of 2019 Novel
Coronavirus Pneumonia
AU - Diao, Kaiyue
AU - Han, Peilun
AU - Pang, Tong
AU - Li, Yuan
AU - Yang, Zhigang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - With the spread of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia, chest high-
resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has been one of the key diagnostic tools. To
achieve early and accurate diagnostics, determining the radiological
characteristics of the disease is of great importance. In this small scale research
we retrospectively reviewed and selected six cases confirmed with 2019-nCoV
infection in West China Hospital and investigated their initial and follow-up HRCT
features, along with the clinical characteristics. The 2019-nCoV pneumonia
basically showed a multifocal or unifocal involvement of ground-glass opacity
(GGO), sometimes with consolidation and fibrosis. No pleural effusion or
lymphadenopathy was identified in our presented cased. The follow-up CT generally
demonstrated mild to moderate progression of the lesion, with only one case showing
remission by the reducing extent and density of the airspace opacification.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa004
UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa004
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - GEN
TI - Orientaciones a puntos de entrada al país para el tamizaje de viajeros que
vienen de zonas con circulación del nuevo coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU - Colombia. Ministerio de Salud y Protección, Social
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - El presente documento define lineamientos para realizar el tamizaje de los
viajeros internacionales que ingresan al país; inicia con la identificación de
viajeros por personal de Migración Colombia que son derivados para entrevista;
continúa con la clasificación de potencial caso sospechoso y finaliza con la
activación del plan de contingencias y emergencias del aeropuerto. This document
defines guidelines for screening international travelers entering the country; it
begins with the identification of travelers by Colombian Immigration personnel who
are referred to interview; it continues with the classification of potential
suspect case and ends with the activation of the airport's contingency and
emergency plan.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 8-8
SP - 8
EP - 8
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/asif04-
guia-tamizaje-poblacional-puntos-entrada-coronavirus.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - GEN
TI - Acciones en promoción de la salud, prevención y atención de la Infección
Respiratoria Aguda - IRA- ante alerta internacional por Nuevo Coronavirus 2019-nCoV
AU - Colombia. Ministerio de Salud y Protección, Social
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - La Organización Mundial de Salud (OMS) informó la ocurrencia de casos de
Infección Respiratoria Aguda Grave (IRAG) causada por un nuevo coronavirus (2019-
nCoV) en Wuhan (China), desde la última semana de diciembre de 2019. Los primeros
casos se presentaron en personas que estuvieron en un mercado de pescado y animales
silvestres de Wuhan, no obstante, se han confirmado casos en personas que
estuvieron en esta y otras zonas de China y en 20 países de 4 continentes. El 30
enero del 2020 la OMS declara emergencia de salud pública de importancia
internacional (ESPII). The World Health Organization (WHO) reported the occurrence
of cases of Acute Respiratory Infection Severe (IRAG) caused by a new coronavirus
(2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China, since last week December 2019. The first cases
involved people who were in a fish and wildlife in Wuhan, however, cases have been
confirmed in people who were in this and other areas of China and in 20 countries
on 4 continents. On 30 January 2020 the WHO declares a public health emergency of
international concern (ESPII).
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 9-9
SP - 9
EP - 9
AN -
DO -
UR -
https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/acciones-
coronavirus.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Labs scramble to spot hidden coronavirus infections | Science | AAAS
AU - Cohen, Jon
AU - Kupferschmidt
AU - Kai
PY - 2020
PD -
novel coronavirus now spreading from Wuhan, China belies an alarming fact. The
world is in the dark about the epidemic’s real scale and speed, because existing
tests have limited powers—and testing is far too spotty. “We are underestimating
how common this infection is,” cautions Jeremy Farrar, head of the Wellcome Trust.
Within days of Chinese researchers releasing the sequence of the virus on 11
January, scientists developed tests capable of detecting genetic sequences that
distinguish the new agent from other coronaviruses circulating in humans. By 28
January, China’s National Medical Products Administration had approved diagnostic
test kits from five companies. It was an astonishing pace for the response to a
pathogen never seen before—and yet it was only a beginning.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/labs-scramble-spot-hidden-
coronavirus-infections
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Anti-Chinese sentiment during the 2019-nCoV outbreak
AU - Chung, Roger Yat-Nork
AU - Li, Minnie Ming
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30358-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of
COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical
records
AU - Chen, Huijun
AU - Guo, Juanjuan
AU - Wang, Chen
AU - Luo, Fan
AU - Yu, Xuechen
AU - Zhang, Wei
AU - Li, Jiafu
AU - Zhao, Dongchi
AU - Xu, Dan
AU - Gong, Qing
AU - Liao, Jing
AU - Yang, Huixia
AU - Hou, Wei
AU - Zhang, Yuanzhen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Summary Background Previous studies on the pneumonia outbreak caused by the
2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were based on information from the
general population. Limited data are available for pregnant women with COVID-19
pneumonia. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in
pregnancy and the intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19
infection. Methods Clinical records, laboratory results, and chest CT scans were
retrospectively reviewed for nine pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19
pneumonia (ie, with maternal throat swab samples that were positive for severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) who were admitted to
Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, from Jan 20 to Jan 31, 2020.
Evidence of intrauterine vertical transmission was assessed by testing for the
presence of SARS-CoV-2 in amniotic fluid, cord blood, and neonatal throat swab
samples. Breastmilk samples were also collected and tested from patients after the
first lactation. Findings All nine patients had a caesarean section in their third
trimester. Seven patients presented with a fever. Other symptoms, including cough
(in four of nine patients), myalgia (in three), sore throat (in two), and malaise
(in two), were also observed. Fetal distress was monitored in two cases. Five of
nine patients had lymphopenia (<1·0 × 10⁹ cells per L). Three patients had
increased aminotransferase concentrations. None of the patients developed severe
COVID-19 pneumonia or died, as of Feb 4, 2020. Nine livebirths were recorded. No
neonatal asphyxia was observed in newborn babies. All nine livebirths had a 1-min
Apgar score of 8–9 and a 5-min Apgar score of 9–10. Amniotic fluid, cord blood,
neonatal throat swab, and breastmilk samples from six patients were tested for
SARS-CoV-2, and all samples tested negative for the virus. Interpretation The
clinical characteristics of COVID-19 pneumonia in pregnant women were similar to
those reported for non-pregnant adult patients who developed COVID-19 pneumonia.
Findings from this small group of cases suggest that there is currently no evidence
for intrauterine infection caused by vertical transmission in women who develop
COVID-19 pneumonia in late pregnancy. Funding Hubei Science and Technology Plan,
Wuhan University Medical Development Plan.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30360-3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Frist case of severe childhood novel coronavirus pneumonia in China
AU - Chen, F.
AU - Liu, Z. S.
AU - Zhang, F. R.
AU - Xiong, R. H.
AU - Chen, Y.
AU - Cheng, X. F.
AU - Wang, W. Y.
AU - Ren, J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E005-E005
SP - E005
EP - E005
AN - 32045966
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0005
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Minimise nosocomial spread of 2019-nCoV when treating acute respiratory
failure
AU - Cabrini, Luca
AU - Landoni, Giovanni
AU - Zangrillo, Alberto
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30359-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus: hospitals must learn from past pandemics
AU - Bhadelia, Nahid
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Use techniques honed during the SARS, H1N1 and Ebola epidemics to separate
sick and well, keep workers safe and prepare for the next outbreak, says Nahid
Bhadelia Use techniques honed during the SARS, H1N1 and Ebola epidemics to separate
sick and well, keep workers safe and prepare for the next outbreak, says Nahid
Bhadelia
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL - 578
IS - 7794
PG - 193-193
SP - 193
EP - 193
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00354-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The global spread of 2019-nCoV: a molecular evolutionary analysis
AU - Salemi, Marco
AU - Prosperi, Mattia
AU - De Flora, Cecilia
AU - Junior Alcantara, Luiz Carlos
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The global spread of the 2019-nCoV is continuing and is fast moving, as
indicated by the WHO raising the risk assessment to high. In this article, we
provide a preliminary phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis of this new virus.
A Maximum Clade Credibility tree has been built using the 29 available whole genome
sequences of 2019-nCoV and two whole genome sequences that are highly similar
sequences from Bat SARS-like Coronavirus available in GeneBank. We are able to
clarify the mechanism of transmission among the countries which have provided the
2019-nCoV sequence isolates from their patients. The Bayesian phylogeographic
reconstruction shows that the 2019-2020 nCoV most probably originated from the Bat
SARS-like Coronavirus circulating in the Rhinolophus bat family. In agreement with
epidemiological observations, the most likely geographic origin of the new outbreak
was the city of Wuhan, China, where 2019-nCoV time of the most recent common
ancestor emerged, according to molecular clock analysis, around November 25(th),
2019. These results, together with previously recorded epidemics, suggest a
recurring pattern of periodical epizootic outbreaks due to Betacoronavirus.
Moreover, our study describes the same population genetic dynamic underlying the
SARS 2003 epidemic, and suggests the urgent need for the development of effective
molecular surveillance strategies of Betacoronavirus among animals and Rhinolophus
of the bat family.
JO - Pathog Glob Health
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1-4
SP - 1
EP - 4
AN - 32048560
DO - 10.1080/20477724.2020.1725339
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Economic Impacts of Wuhan 2019-nCoV on China and the World
AU - Ayittey, Foster Kofi
AU - Ayittey, Matthew Kormla
AU - Chiwero, Nyasha Bennita
AU - Kamasah, Japhet Senyo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Uncertainties over the Wuhan 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which has
killed 1,017 people and sickened more than 43,100 as of Feb 11,(1) has interrupted
global trade and supply chains, depressed asset prices, and forced multinational
businesses to make hard decisions with limited information. This article is
JO - J Med Virol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1002/jmv.25706
SP - 10.1002/jmv.25706
EP -
AN - 32048740
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25706
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - GEN
TI - Coronavirus 9-nCoV: recomendaciones para aeropuertos, puertos y pasos
fronterizos
AU - Argentina. Ministerio de, Salud
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Ante la situación mundial, en relación a 2019-nCoV, que implica la
posibilidad de ingreso a nuestro país de personas infectadas, se generaron las
recomendaciones necesarias para la detección temprana y control de pacientes con
posibilidad de presentar una enfermedad respiratoria aguda al ingreso a nuestro
país. La principal estrategia es la detección temprana y control de los casos
posibles. En los Aeropuertos, Puertos y Pasos Fronterizos se está realizando
difusión masiva de información para viajeros en relación a 2019-nCoV, con el
objetivo de generar conciencia acerca de la importancia de las medidas de
prevención, los síntomas ante los cuales se debe solicitar atención y el teléfono
de consulta ministerial sanitaria (0800-222-1002 - opción 1)
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 3-3
SP - 3
EP - 3
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.argentina.gob.ar/sites/default/files/recomendaciones-aeropuertos-
puertos-pasosfronterizos-coronavirus.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Are we ready for the new fatal Coronavirus: scenario of Pakistan?
AU - Ahmad, Tauseef
AU - Khan, Muhammad
AU - Khan, Fazal Mehmood
AU - Hui, Jin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Scenario of Pakistan Pakistan, is the most affected countries, has
experienced many diseases outbreaks and other disasters. Geographically and
politically China and Pakistan are closely connected as shown in Figure 3. A large
number of Chinese people are working in Pakistan on different developmental
projects (China Pakistan Economic Corridor, Dams, Gawdar Port), and on the other
hand many Pakistanis are residing in China carrying out their studies, business and
jobs. The outbreak of coronavirus has appeared during the peak travel time when the
Chinese from Pakistan and around the world are traveling to China, while the
Pakistani community, especially students, are traveling back to Pakistan due to
winter break. One of such case has been reported on 24 January 2020 after a person
traveled from China to Pakistan on 21 January 2020 via Dubai and was diagnosed for
2019-nCoV on 24 January.3 However, the case was not notified officially by the
government of Pakistan. In the depicted situation, the future is very alarming.
After the ending of Chinese New Year celebrations, the Chinese will travel back to
their jobs abroad, which may result in an outbreak of the fatal virus infection in
Pakistan and other countries.
JO - Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1-3
SP - 1
EP - 3
AN -
DO - 10.1080/21645515.2020.1724000
UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1724000
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Seven days in medicine: 5-11 Feb 2020
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - UK declares “serious and imminent threat to public health”The UK government
declared that the “incidence or transmission of novel coronavirus constitutes a
serious and imminent threat to public health.” The announcement on 10 February
means that England’s health secretary, Matt Hancock, can enact regulations to
ensure that people are “protected as far as possible from the transmission of the
virus.” This includes designating Arrowe Park Hospital in Merseyside and Kents Hill
Park in Milton Keynes as isolation facilities. As of 10 February eight people in
the UK had tested positive for 2019-nCoV.More UK laboratories get diagnostic
testingPublic Health England (PHE) announced that it was rolling out its novel
coronavirus diagnostic test to 12 laboratories in England, Scotland, Wales, and
Northern Ireland over the next few weeks, bringing the total facilities with
testing capability to 13. This will increase the testing capacity in England from
100 to 1000 people a day. The test is performed on a sample from the nose, throat,
and respiratory tract. A confirmatory test will continue to be conducted at PHE’s
Colindale laboratories in north London. PHE is also working with the World Health
Organization to test samples from countries that do not have testing
facilities.Global stocks of protective gear are depletedThe demand for personal
protective equipment such as masks and respirators is 100 times the normal level,
and costs have skyrocketed to around 20 …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m548
SP - m548
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m548
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Pharma mobilizes to combat the coronavirus
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The World Health Organization has declared the fast-moving coronavirus
outbreak in China a “public health emergency of international concern,” a measure
that can spur coordinated global efforts to combat it. With infections steadily
rising, major drug companies are mobilizing to develop diagnostics, vaccines, and
possible treatments for the virus, 2019-nCoV. According to WHO, as of Jan. 30 more
than 7,800 people worldwide are confirmed to have been infected by the virus, and
another 12,000-plus cases are suspected. Almost all of the cases are in China,
where 170 people have died. Although smaller biotech firms were among the first to
publicly respond to the outbreak, big pharma firms say they have been quietly
working on tests and treatments for several weeks. Roche has sent the first
commercial diagnostic to China, and Johnson & Johnson says it is using the same
technologies deployed for the rapid development of an Ebola vaccine to(..)
JO - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB -
CY -
VL - 98
IS - 5
PG - 11-11
SP - 11
EP - 11
AN -
DO - 10.1021/cen-09805-buscon4
UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09805-buscon4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Artificial intelligence finds drugs that could fight the new coronavirus
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Two independent groups last week reported that they had used artificial
intelligence in different ways to find possible treatments for the novel
coronavirus, named 2019-nCoV. On Feb. 4, researchers from the AI drug discovery
company BenevolentAI and Imperial College London reported that they had used AI
software to find an already-approved drug that might limit the virus’s ability to
infect people (Lancet 2020, DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30304-4). On Feb. 6,
Insilico Medicine announced that its AI algorithms had designed new molecules that
could stop the virus from replicating in people’s bodies. The company says it
submitted a paper to the bioRxiv server, but the preprint had not been posted there
as of press time. BenevolentAI’s algorithms connect molecular structure data to
biomedical information about relevant receptors and diseases to find potential drug
targets. The group adapted its search to newly available information about 2019-
nCoV and focused on the enzyme adaptor-associated protein kinase
PB -
CY -
VL - 98
IS - 6
PG - 3-3
SP - 3
EP - 3
AN -
DO - 10.1021/cen-09806-scicon1
UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09806-scicon1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus puts drug chemical industry on alert
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Major drug companies have issued statements in recent days assuring the
public that their inventories are adequate in the face of supply chain threats
stemming from the novel coronavirus. Suppliers of active pharmaceutical ingredients
(APIs) are also assuring customers that they are prepared for temporary
interruption in the supply of key ingredients from firms in China, where the
outbreak originated. API makers in Europe and the US warn, however, that supply
disruptions could result from a protracted delay in restarting production at plants
closed in recent weeks by the Chinese government or from prolonged transportation
restrictions. James Bruno, president of the consulting firm Chemical and
Pharmaceutical Solutions, says travel restrictions are already interrupting
business with Chinese suppliers. “First of all, nobody is going to be able to get
to China,” he says, “so all the audits are going to be canceled.” Bruno adds that
the restrictions will prolong plant closures
PB -
CY -
VL - 98
IS - 6
PG - 11-11
SP - 11
EP - 11
AN -
DO - 10.1021/cen-09806-buscon2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Perinatal and neonatal management plan for prevention and control of 2019
novel coronavirus infection (1st Edition)
AU - Working Group for the, Prevention
AU - Control of Neonatal -nCo, V. Infection in the Perinatal Period of the
Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since December 2019, the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has been
prevalent in China. Due to immaturity of immune function and the possibility of
mother-fetal vertical transmission, neonates are particularly susceptible to 2019-
nCoV. The perinatal-neonatal departments should cooperate closely and take
integrated approaches, and the neonatal intensive care unit should prepare the
emergency plan for 2019-nCoV infection as far as possible, so as to ensure the
optimal management and treatment of potential victims. According to the latest
2019-nCoV national management plan and the actual situation, the Working Group for
the Prevention and Control of Neonatal 2019-nCoV Infection in the Perinatal Period
of the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics puts
forward recommendations for the prevention and control of 2019-nCoV infection in
neonates.
JO - Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 22
IS - 2
PG - 87-90
SP - 87
EP - 90
AN - 32051071
DO -
UR - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32051071
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Management plan for prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia
among children in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
AU - Peng, Jing
AU - Wang, Xia
AU - Yang, Ming-Hua
AU - Wang, Ming-Jie
AU - Zheng, Xiang-Rong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since December 2019, an epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has
occurred in China. How to effectively prevent and control NCP among children with
limited resources is an urgent issue to be explored. Under the unified arrangement
of the Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, the Department of Pediatrics
has formulated an action plan with Xiangya unique model to prevent and control NCP
among children according to the current epidemic situation and diagnostic and
therapeutic program in China.
PB -
CY -
VL - 22
IS - 2
PG - 100-105
SP - 100
EP - 105
AN - 32051074
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emergency response plan for the neonatal intensive care unit during epidemic
of 2019 novel coronavirus
AU - Pediatric Committee, Medical Association of Chinese People′s Liberation Army
AU - Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Contemporary, Pediatrics
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has been spreading in China
since December 2019. Neonates are presumably the high-risk population susceptible
to 2019-nCoV due to immature immune function. The neonatal intensive care unit
(NICU) should be prepared for 2019-nCoV infections as far as possible. The
emergency response plan enables the efficient response capability of NICU. During
the epidemic of 2019-nCoV, the emergency response plan for the NICU should be based
on the actual situation, including diagnosis, isolation, and treatment, as well as
available equipment and staffing, and take into account the psychosocial needs of
the families and neonatal care staff.
PB -
CY -
VL - 22
IS - 2
PG - 91-95
SP - 91
EP - 95
AN - 32051072
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Recommendation for the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus infection
in children in Hubei (Trial version 1)
AU - Pediatric Branch of Hubei Medical, Association
AU - Pediatric Branch of Wuhan Medical, Association
AU - Pediatric Medical Quality Control Center of, Hubei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since December 2019, a cluster of patients have been diagnosed to be infected
with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China. The epidemic has been
spreading to other areas of the country and abroad. A few cases have progressed
rapidly to acute respiratory distress syndrome and/or multiple organ function
failure. The epidemiological survey has indicated that the general population is
susceptible to 2019-nCoV. A total of 14 children (6 months to 14 years of age,
including 5 cases in Wuhan) have been confirmed to be infected with 2019-nCoV in
China so far. In order to further standardize and enhance the clinical management
of 2019-nCoV infection in children, reduce the incidence, and decrease the number
of severe cases, we have formulated this diagnosis and treatment recommendation
according to the recent information at home and abroad.
PB -
CY -
VL - 22
IS - 2
PG - 96-99
SP - 96
EP - 99
AN - 32051073
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A disconnected policy network: The UK's response to the Sierra Leone Ebola
epidemic
AU - Georgalakis, James
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - This paper investigates whether the inclusion of social scientists in the UK
policy network that responded to the Ebola crisis in Sierra Leone (2013–16) was a
transformational moment in the use of interdisciplinary research. In contrast to
the existing literature, that relies heavily on qualitative accounts of the
epidemic and ethnography, this study tests the dynamics of the connections between
critical actors with quantitative network analysis. This novel approach explores
how individuals are embedded in social relationships and how this may affect the
production and use of evidence. The meso-level analysis, conducted between March
and June 2019, is based on the traces of individuals' engagement found in secondary
sources. Source material includes policy and strategy documents, committee papers,
meeting minutes and personal correspondence. Social network analysis software,
UCINet, was used to analyse the data and Netdraw for the visualisation of the
network. Far from being one cohesive community of experts and government officials,
the network of 134 people was weakly held together by a handful of super-
connectors. Social scientists’ poor connections to the government embedded
biomedical community may explain why they were most successful when they framed
their expertise in terms of widely accepted concepts. The whole network was
geographically and racially almost entirely isolated from those affected by or
directly responding to the crisis in West Africa. Nonetheless, the case was made
for interdisciplinarity and the value of social science in emergency preparedness
and response. The challenge now is moving from the rhetoric to action on complex
infectious disease outbreaks in ways that value all perspectives equally.
JO - Social Science & Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 112851
SP - 112851
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112851
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Outbreak of COVID-19 - an urgent need for good science to silence our fears?
AU - Lum, Lionel Hw
AU - Tambyah, Paul A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Singapore Med J
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.11622/smedj.2020018
SP - 10.11622/smedj.2020018
EP -
AN - 32052064
DO - 10.11622/smedj.2020018
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - News at a glance
AU - Science
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Just weeks after a novel coronavirus emerged in Wuhan, China, the outbreak
continued to expand in gravity and scope. This week, the cumulative death toll
surpassed 1000, compared with the more than 800 killed by another coronavirus in
the 2002–03 outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Authorities
assigned official names to the virus, SARS-CoV-2, and the resulting disease, COVID-
19. Li Wenliang, a 34-year-old doctor who sounded an early alarm in Wuhan about the
disease only to be summoned by local police for doing so, succumbed to the virus
last week.
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL - 367
IS - 6479
PG - 720
SP - 720
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1126/science.367.6479.720
UR - http://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6479/720.abstract
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The health carer
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On 2 January 2019, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus faced a life-or-death decision.
The director-general of the World Health Organization (WHO) had spent New Year's
Eve in Bunia, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), to boost the morale of staff
fighting the second biggest Ebola epidemic ever. As he was getting ready to board a
helicopter to Uganda, where he was scheduled to meet Prime Minister Ruhakana
Rugunda, Tedros had to decide whether to bring along a young Congolese man named
Charles Lwanga-Kikwaya. The day before, a group of Ebola vaccinators was attacked
by a group of young men and women—one of many assaults WHO staff has had to endure—
and Lwanga-Kikwaya had been hit on the head with a large stone. His injury was
serious, says Jeremy Farrar, head of the Wellcome Trust, who accompanied Tedros and
examined the patient. “We quickly decided we either had to evacuate him or he was
going to die,” says Farrar, who trained as a neurologist.
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL - 367
IS - 6479
PG - 730
SP - 730
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1126/science.367.6479.730
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Labs scramble to produce new coronavirus diagnostics
AU - Cohen, Jon
PY - 2020
PD -
novel coronavirus now spreading from Wuhan, China, belies an alarming fact. The
world is in the dark about the epidemic's real scale and speed, because existing
tests have limited powers—and testing is far too spotty. “We are underestimating
how common this infection is,” cautions Jeremy Farrar, head of the Wellcome Trust.
Within days of Chinese researchers releasing the sequence of the virus on 11
January, scientists developed tests capable of detecting genetic sequences that
distinguish the new agent from other coronaviruses circulating in humans. By 28
January, China's National Medical Products Administration had approved diagnostic
test kits from five companies. It was an astonishing pace for the response to a
pathogen never seen before—and yet it was only a beginning
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL - 367
IS - 6479
PG - 727
SP - 727
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1126/science.367.6479.727
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Un nuevo coronavirus emerge
AU - Ena, J.
AU - Wenzel, R. P.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Revista Clínica Española
PB -
CY -
VL - 220
IS - 2
PG - 115-116
SP - 115
EP - 116
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rce.2020.01.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Time Course of Lung Changes On Chest CT During Recovery From 2019 Novel
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia
AU - Pan, Feng
AU - Ye, Tianhe
AU - Sun, Peng
AU - Gui, Shan
AU - Liang, Bo
AU - Li, Lingli
AU - Zheng, Dandan
AU - Wang, Jiazheng
AU - Hesketh, Richard L.
AU - Yang, Lian
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Background Chest CT is used to assess the severity of lung involvement in
COVID-19 pneumonia. Purpose To determine the change in chest CT findings associated
with COVID-19 pneumonia from initial diagnosis until patient recovery. Materials
and Methods This retrospective review included patients with RT-PCR confirmed
COVID-19 infection presenting between 12 January 2020 to 6 February 2020. Patients
with severe respiratory distress and/ or oxygen requirement at any time during the
disease course were excluded. Repeat Chest CT was obtained at approximately 4 day
intervals. The total CT score was the sum of lung involvement (5 lobes, score 1-5
for each lobe, range, 0 none, 25 maximum) was determined. Results Twenty one
patients (6 males and 15 females, age 25-63 years) with confirmed COVID-19
pneumonia were evaluated. These patients under went a total of 82 pulmonary CT
scans with a mean interval of 4±1 days (range: 1-8 days). All patients were
discharged after a mean hospitalized period of 17±4 days (range: 11-26 days).
Maximum lung involved peaked at approximately 10 days (with the calculated total CT
score of 6) from the onset of initial symptoms (R2=0.25), p<0.001). Based on
quartiles of patients from day 0 to day 26 involvement, 4 stages of lung CT were
defined: Stage 1 (0-4 days): ground glass opacities (GGO) in 18/24 (75%) patients
with the total CT score of 2±2; (2)Stage-2 (5-8d days): increased crazy-paving
pattern 9/17 patients (53%) with a increase in total CT score (6±4, p=0.002); (3)
Stage-3 (9-13days): consolidation 19/21 (91%) patients with the peak of total CT
score (7±4); (4) Stage-4 (≥14 days): gradual resolution of consolidation 15/20
(75%) patients with a decreased total CT score (6±4) without crazy-paving pattern.
Conclusion In patients recovering from COVID-19 pneumonia (without severe
respiratory distress during the disease course), lung abnormalities on chest CT
showed greatest severity approximately 10 days after initial onset of symptoms.
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200370-200370
SP - 200370
EP - 200370
AN - 32053470
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200370
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Nutraceuticals have potential for boosting the type 1 interferon response to
RNA viruses including influenza and coronavirus
AU - McCarty, Mark F.
AU - DiNicolantonio, James J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.02.007
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus latest: Scientists clash over virus name
AU - Nature
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Some researchers in China are unhappy with the designated name for the new
coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. They worry that the use of ‘SARS-CoV’ will confuse the
public and impede efforts to control the pathogen’s spread.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Erratum: Vol. 69, No. 5
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 69
IS - 6
PG - 173-173
SP - 173
EP - 173
AN - 32053580
DO - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6906a5
NS -
N1 - elizabeth mumford (2020-02-15 02:02:11)(Select): linked to #348 and #454;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Persons Evaluated for 2019 Novel Coronavirus - United States, January 2020
AU - Bajema, Kristina L.
AU - Oster, Alexandra M.
AU - McGovern, Olivia L.
AU - Lindstrom, Stephen
AU - Stenger, Mark R.
AU - Anderson, Tara C.
AU - Isenhour, Cheryl
AU - Clarke, Kevin R.
AU - Evans, Mary E.
AU - Chu, Victoria T.
AU - Biggs, Holly M.
AU - Kirking, Hannah L.
AU - Gerber, Susan I.
AU - Hall, Aron J.
AU - Fry, Alicia M.
AU - Oliver, Sara E.
AU - nCo, V. Persons Under Investigation Team
AU - Co, V. Persons Under Investigation Team
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, a cluster of cases of pneumonia emerged in Wuhan City in
central China's Hubei Province. Genetic sequencing of isolates obtained from
patients with pneumonia identified a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) as the etiology
(1). As of February 4, 2020, approximately 20,000 confirmed cases had been
identified in China and an additional 159 confirmed cases in 23 other countries,
including 11 in the United States (2,3). On January 17, CDC and the U.S. Department
of Homeland Security's Customs and Border Protection began health screenings at
U.S. airports to identify ill travelers returning from Wuhan City (4). CDC
activated its Emergency Operations Center on January 21 and formalized a process
for inquiries regarding persons suspected of having 2019-nCoV infection (2). As of
January 31, 2020, CDC had responded to clinical inquiries from public health
officials and health care providers to assist in evaluating approximately 650
persons thought to be at risk for 2019-nCoV infection. Guided by CDC criteria for
the evaluation of persons under investigation (PUIs) (5), 210 symptomatic persons
were tested for 2019-nCoV; among these persons, 148 (70%) had travel-related risk
only, 42 (20%) had close contact with an ill laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV patient
or PUI, and 18 (9%) had both travel- and contact-related risks. Eleven of these
persons had laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection. Recognizing persons at risk
for 2019-nCoV is critical to identifying cases and preventing further transmission.
Health care providers should remain vigilant and adhere to recommended infection
prevention and control practices when evaluating patients for possible 2019-nCoV
infection (6). Providers should consult with their local and state health
departments when assessing not only ill travelers from 2019-nCoV-affected countries
but also ill persons who have been in close contact with patients with laboratory-
confirmed 2019-nCoV infection in the United States.
PB -
CY -
VL - 69
IS - 6
PG - 166-170
SP - 166
EP - 170
AN - 32053579
DO - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6906e1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Therapeutic and triage strategies for 2019 novel coronavirus disease in fever
clinics
AU - Zhang, Jinnong
AU - Zhou, Luqian
AU - Yang, Yuqiong
AU - Peng, Wei
AU - Wang, Wenjing
AU - Chen, Xuelin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30071-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Protecting health-care workers from subclinical coronavirus infection
AU - Chang, De
AU - Xu, Huiwen
AU - Rebaza, Andre
AU - Sharma, Lokesh
AU - Dela Cruz, Charles S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30066-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Authoritarianism, outbreaks, and information politics
AU - Kavanagh, Matthew M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet Public Health
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30030-X
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - First imported case of 2019 novel coronavirus in Canada, presenting as mild
pneumonia
AU - Silverstein, William Kyle
AU - Stroud, Lynfa
AU - Cleghorn, Graham Edward
AU - Leis, Jerome Allen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30370-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Africa prepares for coronavirus
AU - Makoni, Munyaradzi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10223
PG - 483
SP - 483
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan,
China. Lancet 2020; published online Jan 24. - Correction
AU - Lancet
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10223
PG - 496
SP - 496
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 - elizabeth mumford (2020-02-15 02:00:33)(Select): linked to #34;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Offline: How to defeat political populism
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10223
PG - 480
SP - 480
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30363-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19: what is next for public health?
AU - Shindo, Nahoko
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30374-3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Data sharing and outbreaks: best practice exemplified
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10223
PG - 469-470
SP - 469
EP - 470
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30184-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Do not violate the International Health Regulations during the COVID-19
outbreak
AU - Habibi, Roojin
AU - Burci, Gian Luca
AU - de Campos, Thana C.
AU - Chirwa, Danwood
AU - Cinà, Margherita
AU - Dagron, Stéphanie
AU - Eccleston-Turner, Mark
AU - Forman, Lisa
AU - Gostin, Lawrence O.
AU - Meier, Benjamin Mason
AU - Negri, Stefania
AU - Ooms, Gorik
AU - Sekalala, Sharifah
AU - Taylor, Allyn
AU - Yamin, Alicia Ely
AU - Hoffman, Steven J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30373-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern - Comment - Correction
AU - Chen Wang, Peter W Horby, Frederick G Hayden, George F Gao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Wang C, Horby PW, Hayden FG, Gao GF. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global
health concern. Lancet 2020; published online Jan 24. https://dox.doi.org/S0140-
6736(20)30185-9—In this. Comment, the first sentence of the third paragraph should
have read “Of the 41 patients in this cohort, 22 (55%) developed severe dyspnoea
and 13 (32%) required admission to an intensive care unit, and six died.” And in
the table, the title of the third row should have read “Location of first
detection”. These corrections have been made to the online version as of Jan 29,
2020, and will be made to the printed version.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10223
PG - 496
SP - 496
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30250-6
NS -
N1 - elizabeth mumford (2020-02-15 01:57:51)(Select): linked to #7;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Isolation, quarantine, social distancing and community containment: pivotal
role for old-style public health measures in the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
outbreak
AU - Wilder-Smith, A.
AU - Freedman, D. O.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Community containment includes measures that range from increasing social
distancing to coummunity-wide quarantine. Whether these measures will be sufficient
to control 2019-ncov depends on addressing some unanswered questions.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/jtm/taaa020
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The reproductive number of COVID-19 is higher compared to SARS coronavirus
AU - Liu, Ying
AU - Gayle, Albert A.
AU - Wilder-Smith, Annelies
AU - Rocklöv, Joacim
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Teaser: Our review found the average R0 for 2019-nCoV to be 3.28, which
exceeds WHO estimates of 1.4 to 2.5.Here we review the basic reproduction number
(R0) of the 2019-nCoV virus. R0 is an indication of the transmissibility of a
virus, representing the average number of new infections generated by an infectious
person in a totally naïve population. For R0 greater than one the number infected
is likely to increase, and for R0 less than one transmission is likely to die out.
The basic reproduction number is a central concept in infectious disease
epidemiology, indicating the risk of an infectious agent with respect to epidemic
spread.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/jtm/taaa021
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential Interventions for Novel Coronavirus in China: A Systemic Review
AU - Zhang, Lei
AU - Liu, Yunhui
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - An outbreak of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19 or 2019-CoV) infection has posed
significant threats to international health and the economy. In the absence of
treatment for this virus, there is an urgent need to find alternative methods to
control the spread of disease. Here, we have conducted an online search for all
treatment options related to coronavirus infections as well as some RNA virus
infection and we have found that general treatments, coronavirus-specific
treatments, and antiviral treatments should be useful in fighting COVID-19. We
suggest that the nutritional status of each infected patient should be evaluated
before the administration of general treatments and the current children's RNA
virus vaccines including influenza vaccine should be immunized for uninfected
people and health care workers. In addition, convalescent plasma should be given to
COVID-19 patients if it is available. In conclusion, we suggest that all the
potential interventions be implemented to control the emerging COVID-19 if the
infection is uncontrollable. This article is protected by copyright. All rights
reserved.
JO - J Med Virol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1002/jmv.25707
SP - 10.1002/jmv.25707
EP -
AN - 32052466
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25707
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Overlapping and discrete aspects of the pathology and pathogenesis of the
emerging human pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and 2019-nCoV
AU - Liu, Jia
AU - Zheng, Xin
AU - Tong, Qiaoxia
AU - Li, Wei
AU - Wang, Baoju
AU - Sutter, Kathrin
AU - Trilling, Mirko
AU - Lu, Mengji
AU - Dittmer, Ulf
AU - Yang, Dongliang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract First reported from Wuhan, PR China, on 31 December 2019, the
ongoing outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causes great global concerns.
Based on the advice of the International Health Regulations Emergency Committee and
the fact that to date 24 other countries also reported cases, the WHO Director-
General declared that the outbreak of 2019-nCoV constitutes a Public Health
Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020. Together with the other two
highly pathogenic coronaviruses, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
(SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), 2019-nCov
and other yet to be identified coronaviruses pose a global threat to public health.
In this mini-review, we provide a brief introduction on the pathology and
pathogenesis of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and extrapolate this knowledge to the newly
identified 2019-nCoV. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25709
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Does SARS-CoV-2 has a longer incubation period than SARS and MERS?
AU - Jiang, Xuan
AU - Rayner, Simon
AU - Luo, Min-Hua
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract The outbreak of a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) since Dec 2019 in
Wuhan, the major transportation hub in central China, became an emergency of major
international concern. While several etiological studies have begun to reveal the
specific biological features of this virus, the epidemic characteristics need to be
elucidated. Notably, a long incubation time was reported to be associated with
SARS-CoV-2 infection, leading to adjustments in screening and control policies. To
avoid the risk of virus spread, all potentially exposed subjects are required to be
isolated for 14 days, which is the longest predicted incubation time. However,
based on our analysis of a larger dataset available so far, we find there is no
observable difference between the incubation time for SARS-CoV-2, SARS and MERS,
highlighting the need for larger and well annotated datasets. This article is
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25708
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - US Emergency Legal Responses to Novel Coronavirus: Balancing Public Health
and Civil Liberties
AU - Gostin, Lawrence O.
AU - Hodge, James G., Jr.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - With increasing numbers of cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
globally and in the United States, Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Alex
Azar declared a national public health emergency on January 31. The emergency
declaration of the HHS authorizes additional resources, enhanced federal powers,
interjurisdictional coordination, and waivers of specific regulations. State and
local public health emergency declarations are also likely. During crises,
government has a special responsibility to thoughtfully balance public health
protections and civil liberties.
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.2025
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Case of the Index Patient Who Caused Tertiary Transmission of COVID-19
Infection in Korea: the Application of Lopinavir/Ritonavir for the Treatment of
COVID-19 Infected Pneumonia Monitored by Quantitative RT-PCR
AU - Lim, Jaegyun
AU - Jeon, Seunghyun
AU - Shin, Hyun Young
AU - Kim, Moon Jung
AU - Seong, Yu Min
AU - Lee, Wang Jun
AU - Choe, Kang Won
AU - Kang, Yu Min
AU - Lee, Baeckseung
AU - Park, Sang Joon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since mid-December of 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has
been spreading from Wuhan, China. The confirmed COVID-19 patients in South Korea
are those who came from or visited China. As secondary transmissions have occurred
and the speed of transmission is accelerating, there are rising concerns about
community infections. The 54-year old male is the third patient diagnosed with
COVID-19 infection in Korea. He is a worker for a clothing business and had mild
respiratory symptoms and intermittent fever in the beginning of hospitalization,
and pneumonia symptoms on chest computerized tomography scan on day 6 of admission.
This patient caused one case of secondary transmission and three cases of tertiary
transmission. Hereby, we report the clinical findings of the index patient who was
the first to cause tertiary transmission outside China. Interestingly, after
lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra, AbbVie) was administered, ß-coronavirus viral loads
significantly decreased and no or little coronavirus titers were observed.
PB -
CY -
VL - 35
IS - 6
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://koreamed.org/article/0063JKMS/2020.35.6.e79
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The 2019 Coronavirus: Learning Curves, Lessons, and the Weakest Link
AU - Stein, Richard Albert
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In the space of just six weeks, a new coronavirus, from a family that
historically was not viewed as a global health concern, has become daily headline
news around the globe. The 21(st) century marked its arrival with the emergence of
three previously unknown coronaviruses. SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus) was recognized in November 2002 [1, 2], MERS-CoV (Middle East
respiratory syndrome coronavirus) in June 2012 [3, 4], and 2019-nCoV in December
2019 [5]. Previously, human coronaviruses, known since the 1960s, were viewed as
being only marginally relevant to the clinic, except for infants, the elderly, and
immunocompromised individuals [1, 6, 7].
JO - Int J Clin Pract
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - e13488-e13488
SP - e13488
EP - e13488
AN - 32052918
DO - 10.1111/ijcp.13488
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Real-time forecasts of the 2019-nCoV epidemic in China from February 5th to
February 24th, 2020
AU - Roosa, K.
AU - Lee, Y.
AU - Luo, R.
AU - Kirpich, A.
AU - Rothenberg, R.
AU - Hyman, J. M.
AU - Yan, P.
AU - Chowell, G.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The initial cluster of severe pneumonia cases that triggered the 2019-nCoV
epidemic was identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. While early cases of the
disease were linked to a wet market, human-to-human transmission has driven the
rapid spread of the virus throughout China. The Chinese government has implemented
containment strategies of city-wide lockdowns, screening at airports and train
stations, and isolation of suspected patients; however, the cumulative case count
keeps growing every day. The ongoing outbreak presents a challenge for modelers, as
limited data are available on the early growth trajectory, and the epidemiological
characteristics of the novel coronavirus are yet to be fully elucidated. We use
phenomenological models that have been validated during previous outbreaks to
generate and assess short-term forecasts of the cumulative number of confirmed
reported cases in Hubei province, the epicenter of the epidemic, and for the
overall trajectory in China, excluding the province of Hubei. We collect daily
reported cumulative case data for the 2019-nCoV outbreak for each Chinese province
from the National Health Commission of China. Here, we provide 5, 10, and 15 day
forecasts for five consecutive days, February 5th through February 9th, with
quantified uncertainty based on a generalized logistic growth model, the Richards
growth model, and a sub-epidemic wave model. Our most recent forecasts reported
here based on data up until February 9, 2020, largely agree across the three models
presented and suggest an average range of 7,409 – 7,496 additional cases in Hubei
and 1,128 – 1,929 additional cases in other provinces within the next five days.
Models also predict an average total cumulative case count between 37,415 – 38,028
in Hubei and 11,588 – 13,499 in other provinces by February 24, 2020. Mean
estimates and uncertainty bounds for both Hubei and other provinces have remained
relatively stable in the last three reporting dates (February 7th – 9th). We also
observe that each of the models predicts that the epidemic has reached saturation
in both Hubei and other provinces. Our findings suggest that the containment
strategies implemented in China are successfully reducing transmission and that the
epidemic growth has slowed in recent days.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential role of inanimate surfaces for the spread of coronaviruses and
their inactivation with disinfectant agents
AU - Kampf, Günter
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Summary The novel human coronavirus 2019-nCoV has become a global health
concern causing severe respiratory tract infections in humans. Human-to-human
transmissions have been described, probably via droplets but possibly also via
contaminated hands or surfaces. In a recent review on the persistence of human and
veterinary coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces it was shown that human
coronaviruses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) coronavirus, Middle
East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus or endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV)
can persist on inanimate surfaces like metal, glass or plastic for up to 9 days.
Some disinfectant agents effectively reduce coronavirus infectivity within 1 minute
such 62% - 71% ethanol, 0.5% hydrogen peroxide or 0.1% sodium hypochlorite. Other
compounds such as 0.05% - 0.2% benzalkonium chloride or 0.02% chlorhexidine
digluconate are less effective. An effective surface disinfection may help to
ensure an early containment and prevention of further viral spread.
JO - Infection Prevention in Practice
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 100044
SP - 100044
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2020.100044
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in France: surveillance,
investigations and control measures, January 2020
AU - Stoecklin, Sibylle Bernard
AU - Rolland, Patrick
AU - Silue, Yassoungo
AU - Mailles, Alexandra
AU - Campese, Christine
AU - Simondon, Anne
AU - Mechain, Matthieu
AU - Meurice, Laure
AU - Nguyen, Mathieu
AU - Bassi, Clément
AU - Yamani, Estelle
AU - Behillil, Sylvie
AU - Ismael, Sophie
AU - Nguyen, Duc
AU - Malvy, Denis
AU - Lescure, François Xavier
AU - Georges, Scarlett
AU - Lazarus, Clément
AU - Tabaï, Anouk
AU - Stempfelet, Morgane
AU - Enouf, Vincent
AU - Coignard, Bruno
AU - Levy-Bruhl, Daniel
AU - team, Investigation
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-
CoV-2) causing a cluster of respiratory infections (coronavirus disease 2019,
COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, was identified on 7 January 2020. The epidemic quickly
disseminated from Wuhan and as at 12 February 2020, 45,179 cases have been
confirmed in 25 countries, including 1,116 deaths. Strengthened surveillance was
implemented in France on 10 January 2020 in order to identify imported cases early
and prevent secondary transmission. Three categories of risk exposure and follow-up
procedure were defined for contacts. Three cases of COVID-19 were confirmed on 24
January, the first cases in Europe. Contact tracing was immediately initiated. Five
contacts were evaluated as at low risk of exposure and 18 at moderate/high risk. As
at 12 February 2020, two cases have been discharged and the third one remains
symptomatic with a persistent cough, and no secondary transmission has been
identified. Effective collaboration between all parties involved in the
surveillance and response to emerging threats is required to detect imported cases
early and to implement adequate control measures.
PB -
CY -
VL - 25
IS - 6
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.6.2000094
UR - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.6.2000094 ©
2020 Clarivate Analytics
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Initial CT findings and temporal changes in patients with the novel
coronavirus pneumonia (2019-nCoV): a study of 63 patients in Wuhan, China
AU - Pan, Yueying
AU - Guan, Hanxiong
AU - Zhou, Shuchang
AU - Wang, Yujin
AU - Li, Qian
AU - Zhu, Tingting
AU - Hu, Qiongjie
AU - Xia, Liming
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The purpose of this study was to observe the imaging characteristics of the
novel coronavirus pneumonia.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00330-020-06731-x
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06731-x
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Imaging features of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - Xu, Xi
AU - Yu, Chengcheng
AU - Zhang, Lieguang
AU - Luo, Liangping
AU - Liu, Jinxin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00259-020-04720-2
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-020-04720-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Risk for Transportation of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease from Wuhan to Other
Cities in China
AU - Du, Zhanwei
AU - Wang, Lin
AU - Cauchemez, Simon
AU - Xu, Xiaoke
AU - Wang, Xianwen
AU - Cowling, Benjamin J.
AU - Meyers, Lauren Ancel
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On January 23, 2020, China quarantined Wuhan to contain 2019 novel
coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We estimated the probability of transportation of
COVID-19 from Wuhan to 369 other cities in China before the quarantine. Expected
COVID-19 risk is >50% in 130 (95% CI 89-190) cities and >99% in the 4 largest
metropolitan areas.
JO - Emerg Infect Dis
PB -
CY -
VL - 26
IS - 5
PG - 10.3201/eid2605.200146
SP - 10.3201/eid2605.200146
EP -
AN - 32053479
DO - 10.3201/eid2605.200146
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Practical recommendations for critical care and anesthesiology teams caring
for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) patients
AU - Wax, Randy S.
AU - Christian, Michael D.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A global health emergency has been declared by the World Health Organization
as the 2019-nCoV outbreak spreads across the world, with confirmed patients in
Canada. Patients infected with 2019-nCoV are at risk for developing respiratory
failure and requiring admission to critical care units. While providing optimal
treatment for these patients, careful execution of infection control measures is
necessary to prevent nosocomial transmission to other patients and to healthcare
workers providing care. Although the exact mechanisms of transmission are currently
unclear, human-to-human transmission can occur, and the risk of airborne spread
during aerosol-generating medical procedures remains a concern in specific
circumstances. This paper summarizes important considerations regarding patient
screening, environmental controls, personal protective equipment, resuscitation
measures (including intubation), and critical care unit operations planning as we
prepare for the possibility of new imported cases or local outbreaks of 2019-nCoV.
Although understanding of the 2019-nCoV virus is evolving, lessons learned from
prior infectious disease challenges such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome will
hopefully improve our state of readiness regardless of the number of cases we
eventually manage in Canada.
JO - Can J Anaesth
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1007/s12630-020-01591-x
SP - 10.1007/s12630
EP - 020
AN - 32052373
DO - 10.1007/s12630-020-01591-x
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Infections without borders: a new coronavirus in Wuhan, China
AU - Wood, Cate
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Br J Nurs
PB -
CY -
VL - 29
IS - 3
PG - 166-167
SP - 166
EP - 167
AN - 32053437
DO - 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.3.166
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus: online GP bookings should be stopped because of safety risks,
warns BMA
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - General practices should be able to turn off their online booking systems in
response to the covid-19 outbreak without fear of repercussions over breaching
their contract, the BMA has told NHS England.Practices are contractually obliged to
provide 25% of their appointments through online booking; as this system does not
triage patients in the same way that a receptionist does, however, the BMA has
warned that it could …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m611
SP - m611
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m611
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Development of an indirect ELISA for detecting porcine deltacoronavirus IgA
antibodies
AU - Lu, Manman
AU - Liu, Qiuge
AU - Wang, Xiaobo
AU - Zhang, Jialin
AU - Zhang, Xin
AU - Shi, Da
AU - Liu, Jianbo
AU - Shi, Hongyan
AU - Chen, Jianfei
AU - Feng, Li
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel coronavirus that can cause
vomiting and watery diarrhea in pigs and death in piglets. Since PDCoV was first
detected in 2009 in Hong Kong, the prevalence of PDCoV has increased in recent
years, resulting in serious economic losses to the swine industry. The coronavirus
spike (S) protein is an antigen that has been demonstrated to contain epitopes that
induce neutralizing antibodies. The presence of serum and milk IgA antibodies
against pathogens that replicate primarily on mucosal surfaces is important for
mucosal immunity. Here, an indirect anti-PDCoV IgA antibody enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (PDCoV S1 IgA ELISA) using the purified S1 portion of S protein
as the coating antigen was developed to detect PDCoV IgA antibodies in serum and
sow's milk. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed high
specificity and sensitivity of the PDCoV-S1-IgA-ELISA based on samples confirmed by
IFA. Anti-PDCoV IgA antibodies in 152 serum samples and 65 milk samples collected
from six farms that had experienced diarrhea outbreaks within previous last two
years were detected by this assay, and 62.5% of the serum samples and 100% of the
milk samples were positive for PDCoV. The indirect ELISA method established in this
study will provide a convenient tool for measurement of serum and milk IgA levels
against PDCoV in pig herds, rapid detection of PDCoV infection in pigs, and
evaluation of the immunogenicity of vaccines.
JO - Arch Virol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1007/s00705-020-04541-6
SP - 10.1007/s00705
EP - 020
AN - 32052195
DO - 10.1007/s00705-020-04541-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Straining the System: Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Preparedness for
Concomitant Disasters
AU - Smith, Nathaniel
AU - Fraser, Michael
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Just a few weeks before the first confirmed case of novel coronavirus (COVID-
19) was reported in the United States, the US Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) issued a bold promise to the nation: the agency will use its
scientific expertise to bring a new level of preparedness in the United States and
global health security against current and growing threats, finally eliminate
certain diseases, and bring an end to the devastation of epidemics.(1) The current
outbreak of COVID-19 reminds us how urgent this promise is and just how critical it
is to continue to sustain and strengthen our nation's public health infrastructure.
The unprecedented pace of the public health response to COVID-19 has only been
possible because of prior investments in public health preparedness. To accelerate
our pace and meet the challenges of current and future health threats, we must
advance our world-class data and analytics capabilities; maintain and expand our
state-of-the-art public health laboratory capacity; continue building a workforce
of trusted, expert, public health professionals; sustain our capacity to rapidly
respond to outbreaks at their source; and assure a strong global and domestic
preparedness capacity. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print
February 13, 2020: e1-e2. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305618).
JO - Am J Public Health
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - e1-e2
SP - e1
EP - e2
AN - 32053389
DO - 10.2105/AJPH.2020.305618
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Three Emerging Coronaviruses in Two Decades
AU - Guarner, Jeannette
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Am J Clin Pathol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - aqaa029
SP - aqaa029
EP -
AN - 32053148
DO - 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa029
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Three Emerging Coronaviruses in Two Decades: The Story of SARS, MERS, and Now
COVID-19
AU - Guarner, Jeannette
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In the past two decades, the world has seen three coronaviruses emerge and
cause outbreaks that have caused considerable global health consternation.
Coronaviruses are enveloped, nonsegmented, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA
viruses that have a characteristic appearance on electron microscopy negative
staining Image 1. As a matter of fact, the characteristic electron microscopy
appearance was the clue to amplify and sequence nucleic acids from Dr Urbani’s (one
of the health care providers who died of severe acute respiratory syndrome [SARS]
in 2003) respiratory specimen using a consensus coronavirus primer.1 The sequence
of the virus was significantly different from other coronaviruses known to cause
human disease at the time. The virus was ultimately named SARS-CoV, as febrile
patients had severe acute respiratory syndrome and could present with pneumonia and
lower respiratory symptoms such as cough and dyspnea.2 The SARS-CoV outbreak
started in Guangdong, China, and spread to many countries in Southeast Asia, North
America, Europe, and South Africa. Transmission was primarily person to person
through droplets that occurred during coughing or sneezing, through personal
contact (shaking hands), or by touching contaminated surfaces. Of note, health
professionals were particularly at risk of acquiring the disease, as transmission
also occurred if isolation precautions were not followed and during certain
procedures. The last case of SARS-CoV occurred in September 2003, after having
infected over 8,000 persons and causing 774 deaths with a case fatality rate
calculated at 9.5%.
JO - American Journal of Clinical Pathology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa029
UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa029
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - THREE NOTICEABLE ISSUES ON NOVEL CORONAVIRUS: A QUICK LOOK FROM VIETNAM’S
CIRCUMSTANCES
AU - Tuyen, Le Thi Thanh
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Novel Coronavirus officially COVID-19 has been detected since December 2019
and it has become a global health issue concern today. According to the statistics
from the Vietnam’s Ministry of Health, until 13February 2020, Vietnam has fifteen
positive cases with COVID-19, which one of those is a 3-month-old baby (Ministry of
Health, 2020). It is estimated that the COVID-19 outbreak will be reached the top
in the next ten days due to the excessive worrying and wrong behaviors towards the
virus (Thu, 2020). In this letter, the author presents three noticeable issues
based on the current situation in Vietnam and efforts that nurses should do
JO - 6
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://belitungraya.org/BRP/index.php/bnj/article/view/1058
UR - https://belitungraya.org/BRP/index.php/bnj/article/view/1058
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel Coronavirus Infection in Hospitalized Infants Under 1 Year of Age in
China
AU - Wei, Min Yuan, Jingping Liu,Yu Fu,Tao Yu,Xue Zhang,Zhi-Jiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Previous studies suggest that COVID-19 is more likely to infect older adult
men, particularly those with chronic comorbidities.2-4 Few infections in children
have been reported. We identified all infected infants in China and described
demographic, epidemiologic, and clinical features.
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - http://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2131 © 2020 Clarivate Analytics
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - More than 80 clinical trials launch to test coronavirus treatments
AU - Nature
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As HIV drugs, stem cells and traditional Chinese medicines vie for a chance
to prove their worth, the WHO attempts to bring order to the search. As HIV drugs,
stem cells and traditional Chinese medicines vie for a chance to prove their worth,
the WHO attempts to bring order to the search.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00444-3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19 Update From China
AU - JAMA
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - By mid-February 2020 there were 60,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19, the vast
majority diagnosed in Hubei Province (including Wuhan city) in mainland China.
China CDC Chief Epidemiologist Zunyou Wu, MD, PhD discusses the latest COVID-19
developments in the country with JAMA Editor in Chief Howard Bauchner, MD.
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/audio-player/18234306
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus latest: Chinese cases spike after changes to diagnosis method
PY - 2020
PD -
people.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical features of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in the early stage from
a fever clinic in Beijing
AU - Zhang, M. Q.
AU - Wang, X. H.
AU - Chen, Y. L.
AU - Zhao, K. L.
AU - Cai, Y. Q.
AU - An, C. L.
AU - Lin, M. G.
AU - Mu, X. D.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To summarize and analyze the clinical and imaging characteristics
of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in the early stage in Beijing.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical and imaging data of 9 patients with
2019 novel coronavirus infection diagnosed in one fever clinicic in Beijing from
January 18, 2020 to February 3, 2020. Results: 5 male and 4 female was included in
those 9 patients, whose median age was 36 years, and the age range from 15 to 49
years. 8 of these patients had no underlying disease and one suffered from
diabetes. 7 patients had a history of travel to Wuhan City or Hubei Province, and
one patient was a medical staff. Two family clustered was found. The incubation
period was 1 to 6 days. The clinical manifestations were fever in 8 cases (8/9) ,
dry cough in 5 cases (5/9) , pharyngalgia in 4 cases (4/9) , fatigue in 4 cases
(4/9) , body soreness in 4 cases (4/9) , and blocked or watery nose in 1 case (1/9)
. Six patients (6/9) had abnormal cell peripheral blood, of which 3 (3/9) had an
increased monocyte count, 2 (2/9) had a reduced lymphocyte , and 1 (1/9) had an
increased leukocyte count, while the 3 patients had normal cell blood routines. The
median of CRP was 16.3 mg/L, including 5 patients with slightly elevated (5/9) , 4
patients with normal values (4/9) . the results of procalcitonin test were negative
in5 patients. Three patients were examined by chest X-ray examination, one of which
was normal, one case showed infiltrates of right upper lung, and another showed in
right lower lung. All patients underwent chest HRCT. And 7 cases (7/9) showed
multiple ground glass exudation, including 5 cases (5/7) involved bilateral lungs,
2 cases (2/7) involved unilateral lung, 3 cases (3/7) with patchy consolidation,
and 2 cases (2/9) showed no abnormality. Conclusions: The patents with 2019 novel
coronavirus pneumonia in this study generally have an epidemiological history. The
clinical manifestations are fever and cough. Peripheral white blood cell counts
were most normal And PCT were all negative. Chest HRCT manifested as multiple
ground-glass opacities with partly consolidation. Some patients had normal chest
radiographs but HRCT showed pneumonia. Some patients had no pneumonia on chest
HRCT.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E013-E013
SP - E013
EP - E013
AN - 32061066
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0013
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Full spectrum of COVID-19 severity still being depicted
AU - Xu, Zhou
AU - Li, Shu
AU - Tian, Shen
AU - Li, Hao
AU - Kong, Ling-quan
PY -
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30308-1
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30308-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - HIV-1 did not contribute to the 2019-nCoV genome
AU - Xiao, Chuan
AU - Li, Xiaojun
AU - Liu, Shuying
AU - Sang, Yongming
AU - Gao, Shou-Jiang
AU - Gao, Feng
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 1
PG - 378-381
SP - 378
EP - 381
AN - 32056509
DO - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1727299
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019_nCoV: Rapid classification of betacoronaviruses and identification of
traditional Chinese medicine as potential origin of zoonotic coronaviruses
AU - Wassenaar, Trudy M.
AU - Zou, Ying
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract The current outbreak of a novel SARS-like coronavirus, 2019_nCoV,
illustrated difficulties in identifying a novel coronavirus and its natural host,
as the coding sequences of various Betacoronavirus species can be highly diverse.
By means of whole-genome sequence comparisons, we demonstrate that the non-coding
flanks of the viral genome can be used to correctly separate the recognized four
betacoronavirus subspecies. The conservation would be sufficient to define target
sequences that could, in theory, classify novel virus species into their
subspecies. Only 253 upstream non-coding sequences of Sarbecovirus are sufficient
to identify genetic similarities between species of this subgenus. Further, it was
investigated which bat species have commercial value in China, and would thus
likely be handled for trading purposes. A number of coronavirus genomes have been
published that were obtained from such bat species. These bats are used in
Traditional Chinese Medicine, and their handling poses a potential risk to cause
zoonotic coronavirus epidemics.
JO - Letters in Applied Microbiology
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1111/lam.13285
UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.13285
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Molecular Mechanism for Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Coronavirus Entry
AU - Wan, Yushun
AU - Shang, Jian
AU - Sun, Shihui
AU - Tai, Wanbo
AU - Chen, Jing
AU - Geng, Qibin
AU - He, Lei
AU - Chen, Yuehong
AU - Wu, Jianming
AU - Shi, Zhengli
AU - Zhou, Yusen
AU - Du, Lanying
AU - Li, Fang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral entry has been a major concern
for epidemiology, vaccine development, and antibody-based drug therapy. However,
the molecular mechanism behind ADE is still elusive. Coronavirus spike protein
mediates viral entry into cells by first binding to a receptor on the host cell
surface and then fusing viral and host membranes. In this study, we investigated
how a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (MAb), which targets the receptor-binding
domain (RBD) of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus spike, mediates
viral entry using pseudovirus entry and biochemical assays. Our results showed that
MAb binds to the virus surface spike, allowing it to undergo conformational changes
and become prone to proteolytic activation. Meanwhile, MAb binds to cell surface
IgG Fc receptor, guiding viral entry through canonical viral-receptor-dependent
pathways. Our data suggest that the antibody/Fc-receptor complex functionally
mimics viral receptor in mediating viral entry. Moreover, we characterized MAb
dosages in viral-receptor-dependent, Fc-receptor-dependent, and both-receptors-
dependent viral entry pathways, delineating guidelines on MAb usages in treating
viral infections. Our study reveals a novel molecular mechanism for antibody-
enhanced viral entry and can guide future vaccination and antiviral
strategies.IMPORTANCE Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral entry has been
observed for many viruses. It was shown that antibodies target one serotype of
viruses but only subneutralize another, leading to ADE of the latter viruses. Here
we identify a novel mechanism for ADE: a neutralizing antibody binds to the surface
spike protein of coronaviruses like a viral receptor, triggers a conformational
change of the spike, and mediates viral entry into IgG Fc receptor-expressing cells
through canonical viral-receptor-dependent pathways. We further evaluated how
antibody dosages impacted viral entry into cells expressing viral receptor, Fc
receptor, or both receptors. This study reveals complex roles of antibodies in
viral entry and can guide future vaccine design and antibody-based drug therapy.
PB -
CY -
VL - 94
IS - 5
PG - e02015-19
SP - e02015
EP - 19
AN -
DO - 10.1128/JVI.02015-19
UR - http://jvi.asm.org/content/94/5/e02015-19.abstract
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel Coronavirus Outbreak in Wuhan, China, 2020: Intense Surveillance Is
Vital for Preventing Sustained Transmission in New Locations
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of pneumonia originating in Wuhan, China, has generated 24,500
confirmed cases, including 492 deaths, as of 5 February 2020. The virus (2019-nCoV)
has spread elsewhere in China and to 24 countries, including South Korea, Thailand,
Japan and USA. Fortunately, there has only been limited human-to-human transmission
outside of China. Here, we assess the risk of sustained transmission whenever the
coronavirus arrives in other countries. Data describing the times from symptom
onset to hospitalisation for 47 patients infected early in the current outbreak are
used to generate an estimate for the probability that an imported case is followed
by sustained human-to-human transmission. Under the assumptions that the imported
case is representative of the patients in China, and that the 2019-nCoV is
similarly transmissible to the SARS coronavirus, the probability that an imported
case is followed by sustained human-to-human transmission is 0.41 (credible
interval [0.27, 0.55]). However, if the mean time from symptom onset to
hospitalisation can be halved by intense surveillance, then the probability that an
imported case leads to sustained transmission is only 0.012 (credible interval [0,
0.099]). This emphasises the importance of current surveillance efforts in
countries around the world, to ensure that the ongoing outbreak will not become a
global pandemic.
JO - J Clin Med
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG - E498
SP - E498
EP -
AN - 32054124
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020498
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Recommendations for general surgery clinical practice in novel coronavirus
pneumonia situation
AU - Tao, K. X.
AU - Zhang, B. X.
AU - Zhang, P.
AU - Zhu, P.
AU - Wang, G. B.
AU - Chen, X. P.
AU - General Surgery Branch of Hubei Medical, Association
AU - General Surgery Branch of Wuhan Medical, Association
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) is a highly infectious disease, has a long
incubation period and a variety of clinical manifestations, which has a significant
impact on public health and life. Afterwards, scientific and standardized work
processing during the epidemic is of great significance for prevention and control.
In order to implement the central government's decision-making deployment and
defeat the NCP as soon as possible, we had focused on the key points in the
clinical work of general surgery according to latest relevant guidelines,
literature and experience in epidemic prevention. Finally, we drafted the
prevention and control strategies and recommendations to make a reference for
medical staff of general surgery to fight NCP.
JO - Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN - 32057212
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2020.0001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Inhibitors of RAS Might Be a Good Choice for the Therapy of COVID-19
Pneumonia
AU - Sun, M. L.
AU - Yang, J. M.
AU - Sun, Y. P.
AU - Su, G. H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infected patients by binding human
ACE2, leading to severe pneumonia and highly mortality rate in patients. At
present, there is no definite and effective treatment for COVID-19. ACE2 plays an
important role in the RAS, and the imbalance between ACE/Ang II/AT1R pathway and
ACE2/Ang (1-7)/Mas receptor pathway in the RAS system will lead to multi-system
inflammation. Increased ACE and Ang II are poor prognostic factors for severe
pneumonia. Animal studies have shown that RAS inhibitors could effectively relieve
symptoms of acute severe pneumonia and respiratory failure. The binding of COVID-19
and ACE2 resulted in the exhaustion of ACE2, and then ACE2/Ang (1-7)/Mas receptor
pathway was inhibited. The balance of the RAS system was broken, and this would
lead to the exacerbation of acute severe pneumonia. Therefore, we speculate that
ACEI and AT1R inhibitors could be used in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia under
the condition of controlling blood pressure, and might reduce the pulmonary
inflammatory response and mortality.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E014-E014
SP - E014
EP - E014
AN - 32061198
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0014
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - An update on the epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus
pneumonia（COVID-19）
AU - Special Expert Group for Control of the Epidemic of Novel Coronavirus
Pneumonia of the Chinese Preventive Medicine, Association
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Through literature review and group discussion, Special Expert Group for
Control of the Epidemic of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia of the Chinese Preventive
Medicine Association formulated an update on the epidemiological characteristics of
novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). The initial source of the 2019 novel coronavirus
(2019-nCoV) was the Huanan seafood market in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, with
pangolins as a potential animal host. Currently the main source of infection is NCP
patients, and asymptomatic carriers may also be infectious. The virus is believed
transmitted mostly via droplets or contact. People are all generally susceptible to
the virus. The average incubation period was 5.2 days, and the basic reproductive
number R(0) was 2.2 at the onset of the outbreak. Most NCP patients were clinically
mild cases. The case fatality rate was 2.38%, and elderly men with underlying
diseases were at a higher risk of death. Strategies for prevention and control of
NCP include improving epidemic surveillance, quarantining the source of infection,
speeding up the diagnosis of suspected cases, optimizing the management of close
contacts, tightening prevention and control of cluster outbreaks and hospital
infection, preventing possible rebound of the epidemic after people return to work
from the Chinese Spring Festival holiday, and strengthening community prevention
and control.
PB -
CY -
VL - 41
IS - 2
PG - 139-144
SP - 139
EP - 144
AN - 32057211
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.02.002
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - GEN
TI - Novo coronavirus (2019 nCov) Medidas de prevenção e controle de infecção a
serem adotadas na ssistência à saúde
AU - São Paulo Secretaria da, Saúde
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10-10
SP - 10
EP - 10
AN -
DO -
UR - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/p7vwg
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - History is repeating itself: Probable zoonotic spillover as the cause of the
2019 novel coronavirus epidemic
AU - Rodriguez-Morales, A. J.
AU - Bonilla-Aldana, D. K.
AU - Balbin-Ramon, G. J.
AU - Rabaan, A. A.
AU - Sah, R.
AU - Paniz-Mondolfi, A.
AU - Pagliano, P.
AU - Esposito, S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Infezioni in Medicina
PB -
CY -
VL - 28
IS - 1
PG - 3-5
SP - 3
EP - 5
AN -
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Initial Cluster of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infections in Wuhan, China
Is Consistent with Substantial Human-to-Human Transmission
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Reanalysis of the epidemic curve from the initial cluster of cases with novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in December 2019 indicates substantial human-to-human
transmission. It is possible that the common exposure history at a seafood market
in Wuhan originated from the human-to-human transmission events within the market,
and the early, strong emphasis that market exposure indicated animal-to-human
transmission was potentially the result of observer bias. To support the hypothesis
of zoonotic origin of 2019-nCoV stemming from the Huanan seafood market, the index
case should have had exposure history related to the market and the virus should
have been identified from animals sold at the market. As these requirements remain
unmet, zoonotic spillover at the market must not be overemphasized.
JO - J Clin Med
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG - E488
SP - E488
EP -
AN - 32054045
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020488
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - GEN
TI - Lineamientos para la detección y manejo de casos por los prestadores de
servicios de salud, frente a la eventual introducción del nuevo coronavirus (2019-
ncov) a Colombia
AU - Ministerio de Salud y Protección, Social
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Propósito: orientar a los Prestadores de Servicios de Salud del país para la
detección, atención y manejo de casos sospechosos de infección causada por el nuevo
Coronavirus (nCoV-2019) para disminuir el riesgo de transmisión del virus de humano
a humano. Purpose: to guide the country's health care providers in the
detection, care, and management of suspected cases of infection caused by the new
Coronavirus (nCoV-2019) in order to reduce the risk of human-to-human transmission
of the virus.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10-10
SP - 10
EP - 10
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.minsalud.gov.co/Ministerio/Institucional/Procesos%20y
%20procedimientos/GIPS05.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - GEN
TI - Manual de bioseguridad para prestadores de servicios de salud que brinden
atención en salud ante la eventual introducción del nuevo coronavirus (nCoV-2019) a
Colombia
AU - Ministerio de Salud y Protección, Social
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objetivo: Orientar a los Prestadores de Servicios de Salud del país sobre las
normas de bioseguridad que se requieren implementar, frente a casos sospechosos o
confirmados del nuevo coronavirus (nCoV-2019), con el fin de disminuir el riesgo de
transmisión del virus de humano a humano durante la atención. En salud, evitando la
presentación de casos en trabajadores de la salud, demás personal que labore en el
ámbito de atención, y en otros pacientes que se encuentren en las instalaciones del
prestador de servicios de salud. Objective: To provide guidance to the
country's health service providers on the biosecurity standards that need to
be implemented for suspected or confirmed cases of the new coronavirus (nCoV-2019),
in order to reduce the risk of human-to-human transmission of the virus during
care. In health, avoiding the presentation of cases in health workers, other
personnel working in the care setting, and other patients in the health service
provider's facilities.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 14-14
SP - 14
EP - 14
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.minsalud.gov.co/Ministerio/Institucional/Procesos%20y
%20procedimientos/GIPM01.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a one health issue
AU - Marty, Aileen
AU - Jones, Malcolm K.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - One Health
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 100123
SP - 100123
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100123
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus: home testing pilot launched in London to cut hospital visits and
ambulance use
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - People with suspected covid-19 in London are being tested in their homes as
part of a pilot that was developed by doctors to stop unnecessary ambulance use and
hospital visits.The community testing scheme started at the end of January at North
West London NHS Trust and has now been implemented in three other trusts:
University College London Hospital, St George’s University Hospital, and Guys and
St Thomas’. More than 130 patients have been tested in two weeks.The home testing
initiative was started by Laurence John from the infectious diseases department at
Northwick Park Hospital. He told The BMJ that the need for community testing became
clear after 25 London ambulances had to be taken out of …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m621
SP - m621
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m621
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Wuhan-like virus discovered seven years ago
AU - MacKenzie, Debora
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - New Scientist
PB -
CY -
VL - 245
IS - 3269
PG - 9
SP - 9
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30281-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - How bad will it get?
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - While the coronavirus death rate may be lower than some estimates, case
numbers may be far higher, reports Debora MacKenzie
JO - New Scientist
PB -
CY -
VL - 245
IS - 3269
PG - 7
SP - 7
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30278-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Outbreak in 2019: Computed Tomographic Findings
in Two Cases
AU - Lin, Xiaoqi
AU - Gong, Zhenyu
AU - Xiao, Zuke
AU - Fan, Bing
AU - Liu, Jiaqi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV or officially named by the World
Health Organization as COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in 2019,
there have been a few reports of its imaging findings. Here, we report two
confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV pneumonia with chest computed tomography findings of
multiple regions of patchy consolidation and ground-glass opacities in both lungs.
These findings were characteristically located along the bronchial bundle or
subpleural lungs.
JO - Korean J Radiol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0078
SP - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0078
EP -
AN - 32056397
DO - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0078
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China
AU - Liang, Wenhua
AU - Guan, Weijie
AU - Chen, Ruchong
AU - Wang, Wei
AU - Li, Jianfu
AU - Xu, Ke
AU - Li, Caichen
AU - Ai, Qing
AU - Lu, Weixiang
AU - Liang, Hengrui
AU - Li, Shiyue
AU - He, Jianxing
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet Oncology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30096-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The prevention and control of a new coronavirus infection in department of
stomatology
AU - Li, Z. Y.
AU - Meng, L. Y.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - During a short period of time, the outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel
coronavirus, named Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP), was first reported in China,
spreading to 24 countries and regions rapidly. The number of confirmed cases and
deaths continued to rise. World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the
outbreaks of the novel coronavirus have constituted a Public Health Emergency of
International Concern. Efficient infection control can prevent the virus from
further spreading, which makes the epidemic situation under control. Due to the
specialty of oral healthcare settings, the risk of cross infection is severe among
patients and oral healthcare practitioners. It's more urgent to implement strict
and efficient infection control protocols. This paper, based on existing guidelines
and published researches pertinent to dental infection-control principles and
practices, mainly discusses epidemiological characteristics of NCP and the features
of nosocomial infection in oral healthcare settings, and furthermore provides
recommendations on patient's evaluation, and infection control protocols in
department of stomatology under current circumstance..
JO - Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 55
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN - 32057210
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2020.0001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Pneumonia Associated with 2019 Novel Coronavirus: Can Computed Tomographic
Findings Help Predict the Prognosis of the Disease?
AU - Lee, Kyung Soo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0096
SP - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0096
EP -
AN - 32056396
DO - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0096
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Real-Time Estimation of the Risk of Death from Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Infection: Inference Using Exported Cases
AU - Jung, Sung-mok
AU - Yang, Yichi
AU - Yuan, Baoyin
AU - Kinoshita, Ryo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The exported cases of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection that were
confirmed outside China provide an opportunity to estimate the cumulative incidence
and confirmed case fatality risk (cCFR) in mainland China. Knowledge of the cCFR is
critical to characterize the severity and understand the pandemic potential of
COVID-19 in the early stage of the epidemic. Using the exponential growth rate of
the incidence, the present study statistically estimated the cCFR and the basic
reproduction number—the average number of secondary cases generated by a
single primary case in a naïve population. We modeled epidemic growth either
from a single index case with illness onset on 8 December, 2019 (Scenario 1), or
using the growth rate fitted along with the other parameters (Scenario 2) based on
data from 20 exported cases reported by 24 January 2020. The cumulative incidence
in China by 24 January was estimated at 6924 cases (95% confidence interval [CI]:
4885, 9211) and 19,289 cases (95% CI: 10,901, 30,158), respectively. The latest
estimated values of the cCFR were 5.3% (95% CI: 3.5%, 7.5%) for Scenario 1 and 8.4%
(95% CI: 5.3%, 12.3%) for Scenario 2. The basic reproduction number was estimated
to be 2.1 (95% CI: 2.0, 2.2) and 3.2 (95% CI: 2.7, 3.7) for Scenarios 1 and 2,
respectively. Based on these results, we argued that the current COVID-19 epidemic
has a substantial potential for causing a pandemic. The proposed approach provides
insights in early risk assessment using publicly available data.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020523
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus pneumonia emergency in Zhuhai: impact and challenges
AU - Jin, Hao
AU - Lu, Ligong
AU - Liu, Junwei
AU - Cui, Min
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The First Disease X is Caused by a Highly Transmissible Acute Respiratory
Syndrome Coronavirus
AU - Jiang, Shibo
AU - Shi, Zheng-Li
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Based on the announcement of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2018, the
Wuhan pneumonia caused by an unknown etiology should be recognized as the first
Disease X. Later, the pathogen was identified to be a novel coronavirus denoted
2019-nCoV, which has 79.5% and 96% whole genome sequence identify to SARS-CoV and
bat SARS-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV-RaTG13), respectively, suggesting its
potential bat origin. With high human-to-human transmission rate (R0), 2019-nCoV
has quickly spread in China and other countries, resulting in 34,953 confirmed
cases and 725 deaths as of 8 February 2020, thus calling for urgent development of
therapeutics and prophylactics. Here we suggest renaming 2019-nCoV as
“transmissible acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (TARS-CoV)” and briefly
review the advancement of research and development of neutralizing antibodies and
vaccines targeting the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and viral fusion inhibitors
targeting the heptad repeat 1 (HR1) domain in spike protein of 2019-nCoV.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s12250-020-00206-5
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-020-00206-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Medicinal chemistry strategies toward host targeting antiviral agents
AU - Ji, Xingyue
AU - Li, Zhuorong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) represent a class of drugs targeting
viral proteins and have been demonstrated to be very successful in combating viral
infections in clinic. However, DAAs suffer from several inherent limitations,
including narrow-spectrum antiviral profiles and liability to drug resistance, and
hence there are still unmet needs in the treatment of viral infections. In
comparison, host targeting antivirals (HTAs) target host factors for antiviral
treatment. Since host proteins are probably broadly required for various viral
infections, HTAs are not only perceived, but also demonstrated to exhibit broad-
spectrum antiviral activities. In addition, host proteins are not under the genetic
control of viral genome, and hence HTAs possess much higher genetic barrier to drug
resistance as compared with DAAs. In recent years, much progress has been made to
the development of HTAs with the approval of chemokine receptor type 5 antagonist
maraviroc for human immunodeficiency virus treatment and more in the pipeline for
other viral infections. In this review, we summarize various host proteins as
antiviral targets from a medicinal chemistry prospective. Challenges and issues
associated with HTAs are also discussed. Abstract Direct-acting antiviral agents
(DAAs) represent a class of drugs targeting viral proteins and have been
demonstrated to be very successful in combating viral infections in clinic.
However, DAAs suffer from several inherent limitations, including narrow-spectrum
antiviral profiles and liability to drug resistance, and hence there are still
unmet needs in the treatment of viral infections. In comparison, host targeting
antivirals (HTAs) target host factors for antiviral treatment. Since host proteins
are probably broadly required for various viral infections, HTAs are not only
perceived, but also demonstrated to exhibit broad-spectrum antiviral activities. In
addition, host proteins are not under the genetic control of viral genome, and
hence HTAs possess much higher genetic barrier to drug resistance as compared with
DAAs. In recent years, much progress has been made to the development of HTAs with
the approval of chemokine receptor type 5 antagonist maraviroc for human
immunodeficiency virus treatment and more in the pipeline for other viral
infections. In this review, we summarize various host proteins as antiviral targets
from a medicinal chemistry prospective. Challenges and issues associated with HTAs
are also discussed.
JO - Medicinal Research Reviews
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/med.21664
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21664
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Full spectrum of COVID-19 severity still being depicted – Authors' reply
AU - Gu, Xiaoying
AU - Cao, Bin
AU - Wang, Jianwei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30371-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Full spectrum of COVID-19 severity still being depicted – Authors'
reply
AU - Gu, Xiaoying
AU - Cao, Bin
AU - Wang, Jianwei
PY -
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30371-8
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30371-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Letter from the Editor
AU - Elston, Dirk M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.02.031
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Prophylactic and therapeutic remdesivir (GS-5734) treatment in the rhesus
macaque model of MERS-CoV infection
AU - de Wit, Emmie
AU - Feldmann, Friederike
AU - Cronin, Jacqueline
AU - Jordan, Robert
AU - Okumura, Atsushi
AU - Thomas, Tina
AU - Scott, Dana
AU - Cihlar, Tomas
AU - Feldmann, Heinz
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The continued emergence of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) cases with
a high case fatality rate stresses the need for the availability of effective
antiviral treatments. Remdesivir (GS-5734) effectively inhibited MERS coronavirus
(MERS-CoV) replication in vitro, and showed efficacy against Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV in a mouse model. Here, we tested the efficacy of
prophylactic and therapeutic remdesivir treatment in a nonhuman primate model of
MERS-CoV infection, the rhesus macaque. Prophylactic remdesivir treatment initiated
24 h prior to inoculation completely prevented MERS-CoV-induced clinical disease,
strongly inhibited MERS-CoV replication in respiratory tissues, and prevented the
formation of lung lesions. Therapeutic remdesivir treatment initiated 12 h
postinoculation also provided a clear clinical benefit, with a reduction in
clinical signs, reduced virus replication in the lungs, and decreased presence and
severity of lung lesions. The data presented here support testing of the efficacy
of remdesivir treatment in the context of a MERS clinical trial. It may also be
considered for a wider range of coronaviruses, including the currently emerging
novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV.
JO - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 201922083
SP - 201922083
EP -
AN - 32054787
DO - 10.1073/pnas.1922083117
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Conventional respiratory support therapy for Severe Acute Respiratory
Infections (SARI): Clinical indications and nosocomial infection prevention and
control
AU - Critical care committee of Chinese Association of Chest, Physician
AU - Respiratory
AU - critical care group of Chinese Thoracic, Society
AU - Respiratory care group of Chinese Thoracic, Society
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) diseases (such as SARS, MERS,
pH1N1) can rapidly progress to acute respiratory failure with high lethality. The
outbreak of a novel coronavirus infection can lead to 15% ~ 30% patients developing
into acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Respiratory support is the most
important therapy for SARI patients with respiratory failure. However, respiratory
support is a high skilled technology, which means inappropriate application may
bring related complications and cross infection of SARI pathogens among medical
staff and non-medical personnel in hospital. Therefore, it is meaningful to
established a standardized indication of respiratory support and to prevent related
nosocomial transmission in SARI patients.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E015-E015
SP - E015
EP - E015
AN - 32061199
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0015
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Chloroquine for the 2019 novel coronavirus
AU - Colson, Philippe
AU - Rolain, Jean-Marc
AU - Raoult, Didier
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 105923
SP - 105923
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105923
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emerging coronaviruses: Genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis
AU - Chen, Y.
AU - Liu, Q.
AU - Guo, D.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The recent emergence of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which is causing an
outbreak of unusual viral pneumonia in patients in Wuhan, a central city in China,
is another warning of the risk of CoVs posed to public health. In this minireview,
we provide a brief introduction of the general features of CoVs and describe
diseases caused by different CoVs in humans and animals. This review will help
understand the biology and potential risk of CoVs that exist in richness in
wildlife such as bats.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25681
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Department of Error: A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern
(The Lancet (2020) 395(10223) (470–473), (S0140673620301859), (10.1016/S0140-
6736(20)30185-9))
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Wang C, Horby PW, Hayden FG, Gao GF. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global
health concern. Lancet 2020; published online Jan 24. https://dox.doi.org/S0140-
6736(20)30185-9—In this Comment, the first sentence of the third paragraph should
have read “Of the 41 patients in this cohort, 22 (55%) developed severe dyspnoea
and 13 (32%) required admission to an intensive care unit, and six died.” And in
the table, the title of the third row should have read “Location of first
detection”. These corrections have been made to the online version as of Jan 29,
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10223
PG - 496
SP - 496
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30250-6
6736(20)30250-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Department of Error: Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel
coronavirus in Wuhan, China (The Lancet (2020) 395(10223) (497–506),
(S0140673620301835), (10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5))
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with
2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020; published online Jan 24.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5—In this Article, in Procedures, we
have corrected the primer sequences for targeting the envelope gene of coronavirus;
in the Summary and Data collection, we have corrected the text to reflect that the
modified case record form for severe acute respiratory infection clinical
characterisation was developed by WHO and the International Severe Acute
Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) together; we have updated
the margin link to the ISARIC–WHO case record form; we have updated the
Acknowledgments; and in the tables, we updated p values (three in table 2 and one
each in tables 1 and 3) so that they are all given to two significant figures.
These corrections have been made to the online version as of Jan 30, 2020, and will
be made to the printed version.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10223
PG - 496
SP - 496
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30252-X
6736(20)30252-X
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China’s chemical industry shadowed by the coronavirus
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - With its escalating infections, city shutdowns, and nationwide transportation
halts, the epidemic of the novel coronavirus is starting to strain China’s chemical
industry. But experts see the impact as manageable and—they hope—short lived. By
the afternoon of Feb. 6, more than 28,000 people in China were confirmed infected
with the virus, almost 20,000 of them in the central Chinese province of Hubei. The
death toll in China was 564, compared with 349 deaths in all of China from the
severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus in 2003. The government shut down
travel in and out of all cities in Hubei and extended the Lunar New Year holiday
until Feb. 9 or 10 for most factories nationwide. Even if the epidemic is
controlled in the next few months, frozen consumption, reduced factory output, and
disturbed supply chains will cut 0.1 to 0.2 percentage points from global economic
growth in 2020, according
PB -
CY -
VL - 98
IS - 6
PG - 10-10
SP - 10
EP - 10
AN -
DO - 10.1021/cen-09806-buscon1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 34 children with 2019 novel
coronavirus infection in Shenzhen
AU - Wang, X. F.
AU - Yuan, J.
AU - Zheng, Y. J.
AU - Chen, J.
AU - Bao, Y. M.
AU - Wang, Y. R.
AU - Wang, L. F.
AU - Li, H.
AU - Zeng, J. X.
AU - Zhang, Y. H.
AU - Liu, Y. X.
AU - Liu, L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To describe the characteristics of clinical manifestations and
epidemiology of children with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection.
Methods: All 34 children with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection by
quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR through nasopharyngeal swab
specimens were admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen from January 19
to Febuary 7, 2020. Clinical data and epidemiological history of these patients
were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results: Among the 34 cases, 14 were
males, and 20 were females. The median age was 8 years and 11 months. No patients
had underlying diseases. There were 28 children (82%) related with a family cluster
outbreak. There were 26 children (76%) with a travel or residence history in Hubei
Province. These patients could be categorized into different clinical types,
including 22 (65%) common cases, 9 (26%) mild cases and 3 (8.8%) asymptomatic
cases. No severe or critical cases were identified. The most common symptoms were
fever (17 cases, 50%) and cough (13 cases, 38% ). In the 34 cases, the white blood
cell counts of 28 cases (82%) were normal. Five cases had white blood cell counts
more than 10×10(9)/L. One case had white blood cell counts less than 4×10(9)/L.
Neutropenia and lymphopenia was found in one case, respectively. C-reactive protein
levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rates were elevated in 1 and 5 case,
respectively. Elevated procalcitonin was found in 1 case and D-Dimer in 3 cases.
The levels of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were more than 400 U/L in 10 cases. The CT
images of these patients showed bilateral multiple patchy or nodular ground-glass
opacities and/or infiltrating shadows in middle and outer zone of the lung or under
the pleura. Twenty patients were treated with lopinavir and ritonavir.
Glucocorticoids and immunoglobulin were not used in any cases. All the cases
improved and were discharged from hospital. Further following up was need.
Conclusions: The clinical manifestations in children with 2019-nCoV infection are
non-specific and are milder than that in adults. Chest CT scanning is heplful for
early diagnosis. Children's infection is mainly caused by family cluster outbreak
and imported cases. Family daily prevention is the main way to prevent 2019-nCoV
infection.
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E008-E008
SP - E008
EP - E008
AN - 32062875
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0008
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Challenges to the system of reserve medical supplies for public health
emergencies: reflections on the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic in China
AU - Wang, Xu
AU - Zhang, Xiaoxi
AU - He, Jiangjiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On December 31, 2019, the Wuhan Municipal Health Commission announced an
outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), China is
now at a critical period in the control of the epidemic. The Chinese Government has
been taking a series of rapid, comprehensive, and effective prevention and control
measures. As the pandemic has developed, a fact has become apparent: there is a
serious dearth of emergency medical supplies, and especially an extreme shortage of
personal protective equipment such as masks and medical protective clothing. This
is one of the major factors affecting the progress of epidemic prevention and
control. Although China has made great efforts to strengthen the ability to quickly
respond to public health emergencies since the SARS outbreak in 2003 and it has
clarified requirements for emergency supplies through legislation, the emergency
reserve supplies program has not been effectively implemented, and there are also
deficiencies in the types, quantity, and availability of emergency medical
supplies. A sound system of emergency reserve supplies is crucial to the management
of public health emergencies. Based on international experiences with pandemic
control, the world should emphasize improving the system of emergency reserve
medical supplies in the process of establishing and improving public health
emergency response systems, and it should promote the establishment of
international cooperative programs to jointly deal with public health emergencies
of international concern in the future.
JO - Biosci Trends
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.5582/bst.2020.01043
SP - 10.5582/bst.2020.01043
EP -
AN - 32062645
DO - 10.5582/bst.2020.01043
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Suggestions from ophthalmic experts on eye protection during the novel
coronavirus pneumonia epidemic
AU - Society of Public Health Ophthalmology, Chinese Preventive Medicine
Association
AU - Beijing Ophthalmological, Society
AU - Youth Committee of Beijing Ophthalmological, Society
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 56
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN - 32061202
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2020.0002
NS -
N1 - Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-17 23:48:40)(Screen): DOI not working;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical characteristics of 30 medical workers infected with new coronavirus
pneumonia
AU - Liu, M.
AU - He, P.
AU - Liu, H. G.
AU - Wang, X. J.
AU - Li, F. J.
AU - Chen, S.
AU - Lin, J.
AU - Chen, P.
AU - Liu, J. H.
AU - Li, C. H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of medical staff with
novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP). Methods: 30 patients infected with novel
coronavirus referred to jianghan university hospital between January 11, 2020 and
January 3, 2020 were studied. The data reviewed included those of clinical
manifestations, laboratory investigation and Radiographic features. Results: The
patients consisted of 10 men and 20 women, including 22 doctors and 8 nurses,aged
21~59 years(mean 35±8 years).They were divided to 26 common type and 4 severe
cases, all of whom had close(within 1m) contact with patients infected of novel
coronavirus pneumonia. The average contact times were 12 (7,16) and the average
cumulative contact time was 2 (1.5,2.7) h.Clinical symptoms of these patients were
fever in 23 patients (76.67%) , headache in 16 petients (53.33%) , fatigue or
myalgia in 21patients (70%) , nausea, vomiting or diarrhea in 9 petients (30%) ,
cough in 25 petients (83.33%) , and dyspnea in 14 petients (46.67%) .Routine blood
test revealed WBC <4.0×10(9)/L in 8 petients (26.67%) , (4-10) ×10(9)/L in 22
petients (73.33%) , and WBC>4.0×10(9)/L in 4 petients (13.33%) during the
disease.Lymphocyte count <1.0×10(9)/L occurred in 12 petients (40%),abnormal liver
function in 7 petients (23.33%) ,myocardial damage in 5 petients(16.67%), elevated
D-dimer (>0.5mg/l) in 5 patients (16.67%). Compared with normal patients, the
average exposure times, cumulative exposure time, BMI, Fever time, white blood cell
count, liver enzyme, LDH, myoenzyme and D-dimer were significantly increased in
severe patients, while the lymphocyte count and albumin levels in peripheral blood
were significantly decreased.Chest CT mainly showed patchy shadows and interstitial
changes.According to imaging examination, 11 patients (36.67%) showed Unilateral
pneumonia and 19 patients (63.33%) showed bilateral pneumonia,4 patients (13.33%)
showed bilateral multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity.Compared with the
patients infected in the protected period, the proportion of severe infection and
bilateral pneumonia were both increased in the patients infected in unprotected
period. Conclusion: Medical staffs are at higher risk of infection.Infection rates
are associated with contact time, the amount of suction virus. Severe patients had
BMI increased, heating time prolonged , white blood cell count, lymphocyte count,
D-dimer and albumin level significantly changed and were prone to be complicated
with liver damage and myocardial damage.Strict protection measures is important to
prevent infection for medical workers.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E016-E016
SP - E016
EP - E016
AN - 32062957
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0016
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis of CT features of 15 Children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection
AU - Feng, K.
AU - Yun, Y. X.
AU - Wang, X. F.
AU - Yang, G. D.
AU - Zheng, Y. J.
AU - Lin, C. M.
AU - Wang, L. F.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To explore imaging characteristics of children with 2019 novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed
on clinical data and chest CT images of 15 children diagnosed with 2019-nCoV. They
were admitted to the third people's Hospital of Shenzhen from January 16 to
February 6, 2020. The distribution and morphology of pulmonary lesions on chest CT
images were analyzed. Results: Among the 15 children, there were 5 males and 10
females, aged from 4 to 14 years old. Five of the 15 children were febrile and 10
were asymptomatic on first visit. The first nasal or pharyngeal swab samples in all
the 15 cases were positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid. For their first chest CT
images, 6 patients had no lesions, while 9 patients had pulmonary inflammation
lesions. Seven cases of small nodular ground glass opacities and 2 cases of
speckled ground glass opacities were found. After 3 to 5 days of treatment, 2019-
nCoV nucleic acid in a second respiratory sample turned negative in 6 cases. Among
them, chest CT images showed less lesions in 2 cases, no lesion in 3 cases, and no
improvement in 1 case. Other 9 cases were still positive in a second nucleic acid
test. Six patients showed similar chest CT inflammation, while 3 patients had new
lesions, which were all small nodular ground glass opacities. Conclusions: The
early chest CT images of children with 2019-nCoV infection are mostly small nodular
ground glass opacities. The clinical symptoms of children with 2019-nCoV infection
are nonspecific. Dynamic reexamination of chest CT and nucleic acid are important.
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E007-E007
SP - E007
EP - E007
AN - 32061200
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0007
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Cluster investigation Technical Guidelines for the 2019 Novel Coronavirus
Pneumonia (COVID-19), China (1st Trial Version)
AU - Epidemiology Working Group, Strategy
AU - Policy Working Group for Ncip Epidemic Response, Chinese Center for Disease
Control
AU - Prevention
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 41
IS - 3
PG - 293-295
SP - 293
EP - 295
AN - 32061201
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.03.001
NS -
N1 - Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-17 23:33:12)(Screen): DOI is broken;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Fight against the 2019-nCoV Outbreak: an Arduous March Has Just Begun
AU - YOO, Jin Hong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - <![CDATA[No abstract available.]]>
JO - Journal of Korean Medical Science
PB -
CY -
VL - 35
IS - 4
PG - 56-
SP - 56
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 - Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-17 23:55:29)(Screen): DOI
https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e56. No abstract;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Effects of misleading media coverage on public health crisis: a case of the
2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in China
AU - Wen, Jun
AU - Aston, Joshua
AU - Liu, Xinyi
AU - Ying, Tianyu
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - ABSTRACTThe coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China has sparked a global
epidemic, which the World Health Organization declared a public health emergency of
international concern on 31st January 2020 (Beijing time). This crisis has
attracted intense media attention. Recently, some media outlets inappropriately
labelled the coronavirus by race, using such headlines as ?Chinese virus
pandemonium? and even suggesting ?China kids stay home.? The biased and misleading
coverage presented via Western media channels has incited anger throughout the
Chinese community and has placed undue stress upon Chinese individuals living
outside China. This post-published review takes a tourism-focused perspective to
examine findings from a quantitative study (Rodriguez-Seijas, Stohl, Hasin, &
Eaton, 2015) published in 2015 in JAMA Psychiatry. The current paper highlights the
potential impacts of misleading and biased media coverage on Chinese individuals?
mental health. Specifically, this work considers perceived racial discrimination
stemming from coronavirus as a public health crisis and the effects of such
discrimination on individuals of Chinese heritage. Similarly imperative are
pertinent effects on country image and destination image with respect to tourism
marketing and tourist behaviour during times of crisis. By considering racism in
the context of the coronavirus outbreak, this paper identifies potential avenues
for relevant research in tourism and hospitality.
JO - Anatolia
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1-6
SP - 1
EP - 6
AN -
DO - 10.1080/13032917.2020.1730621
UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2020.1730621
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-nCoV: new challenges from coronavirus
AU - TIAN, Huai Yu
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV in Wuhan,
Hubei province of China, at the end of 2019 shaped tremendous challenges to China's
public health and clinical treatment. The virus belongs to the β genus
Coronavirus in the family Corornaviridae, and is closely related to SARS-CoV and
MERS-CoV, causing severe symptoms of pneumonia. The virus is transmitted through
droplets, close contact, and other means, and patients in the incubation period
could potentially transmit the virus to other persons. According to current
observations, 2019-nCoV is weaker than SARS in pathogenesis, but has stronger
transmission competence; it's mechanism of cross-species spread might be related
with angiotensin-converting enzyme Ⅱ (ACE2), which is consistent with the
receptor SARS-CoV. After the outbreak of this disease, Chinese scientists invested
a lot of energy to carry out research by developing rapid diagnostic reagents,
identifying the characters of the pathogen, screening out clinical drugs that may
inhibit the virus, and are rapidly developing vaccines. The emergence of 2019-nCoV
reminds us once again of the importance of establishing a systematic coronavirus
surveillance network. It also poses new challenges to prevention and control of the
emerging epidemic and rapidly responses on scientific research.
JO - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Recommendations for general surgery clinical practice in novel coronavirus
pneumonia situation
AU - TAO, Kai xiong
AU - ZHANG, Bi xiang
AU - ZHANG, Peng
AU - ZHU, Peng
AU - WANG, Guo bin
AU - CHEN, Xiao ping
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) is a highly infectious disease, has a long
incubation period and a variety of clinical manifestations, which has a significant
impact on public health and life. Afterwards, scientific and standardized work
processing during the epidemic is of great significance for prevention and control.
In order to implement the central government's decision-making deployment and
defeat the NCP as soon as possible, we had focused on the key points in the
clinical work of general surgery according to latest relevant guidelines,
literature and experience in epidemic prevention. Finally, we drafted the
prevention and control strategies and recommendations to make a reference for
medical staff of general surgery to fight NCP.
JO - Chinese Journal of Surgery
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Protocolo para la atención de personas con sospechas o infección confirmada
por Coronavirus (2019-nCoN)[Spanish]
AU - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU - Dirección General de Intervenciones Estratégicas en Salud, Pública
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - El protocolo contiene definiciones de casos sospechosos, manejo de pacientes
con sospecha de infección por Coronavirus, tratamiento específicos anti-Novel CoV e
investigación clínica y las consideraciones especiales para pacientes embarazadas.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 14-14
SP - 14
EP - 14
AN -
DO -
UR - http://docs.bvsalud.org/biblioref/2020/02/1050131/rml-040-2020-minsa.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus latest: First infection detected in Africa
AU - Nature
PY - 2020
PD -
people.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Incubation Period and Other Epidemiological Characteristics of 2019 Novel
Coronavirus Infections with Right Truncation: A Statistical Analysis of Publicly
Available Case Data
AU - Linton, M. Natalie
AU - Yang, Yichi
AU - Akhmetzhanov, R. Andrei
AU - Jung, Sung-mok
AU - Yuan, Baoyin
AU - Kinoshita, Ryo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The geographic spread of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infections from
the epicenter of Wuhan, China, has provided an opportunity to study the natural
history of the recently emerged virus. Using publicly available event-date data
from the ongoing epidemic, the present study investigated the incubation period and
other time intervals that govern the epidemiological dynamics of COVID-19
infections. Our results show that the incubation period falls within the range of
2–14 days with 95% confidence and has a mean of around 5 days when
approximated using the best-fit lognormal distribution. The mean time from illness
onset to hospital admission (for treatment and/or isolation) was estimated at
3–4 days without truncation and at 5–9 days when right truncated. Based
on the 95th percentile estimate of the incubation period, we recommend that the
length of quarantine should be at least 14 days. The median time delay of 13 days
from illness onset to death (17 days with right truncation) should be considered
when estimating the COVID-19 case fatality risk.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020538
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The possibility of using Lopinave/Litonawe (LPV/r) as treatment for novel
coronavirus （2019-nCov）pneumonia: a quick systematic review based on earlier
coronavirus clinical studies
AU - Jiang, Hua
AU - Deng, Hongfei
AU - Wang, YU
AU - Liu, Zhan
AU - Sun, Mingwei
AU - Zhou, Ping
AU - Xia, Qi
AU - Lu, Charles Damien
AU - Zeng, Jun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - ObjectiveTo explore the possibility of using
Lopinave/Litonawe (LPV/r) as treatment for novel coronavirus 2019-nCov pneumonia by
systematically review earlier coronavirus
studies.Methods Systematically retrieve
relevant clinical studies from Chinese and English databases such as
CNKI,VIP,Wangfang Data,CBM,PubMed, Web of Science,EMBASE. In addition, information
from Chinese biomedical journals, WHO, US CDC, Chinese CDC websites and the
references from published relevant articles were retrieved. The inclusion period is
from January 2003 to January 24, 2020. The criteria for inclusion are:(1) studies
that aim to compare LPV/r and placebo/standard for SARS, MERS; (2) studies that
include at least one clinical outcome; (3) studies with diagnosis criteria meeting
WHO requirement on SARS or MERS; (4)data from multiple reports but originated from
one study, where we extract information from all reports; (5)guidelines, includes:
national or academic guidelines/experts ‘consensus. The exclude criteria are:
1) only have abstracts but no full information; 2) in vitro studies. Two reviewers
independently review articles and extract data on study design, patients, diagnosis
criteria, regimen, and clinical outcomes (mortality, morbidity, quality of life,
steroids dosage, chest image and adverse responses).
ResultsTwo hundred and thirty potential
article were found by screening, and narrow down to forty-four articles for
evaluation and fnally four studies were included. The results of included studies
indicate the early use of LPV/r regimen can reduce the mortality of SARS and MERS,
and reduce steroids dosing. ConclusionsILPV/r
can be used as a component of experimental regimen for treat 2019-nCoV pneumonia.
It strongly suggests that initiating real world studies to explore the true
clinical effects of LPV/r on 2019-nCoV patients.
JO - Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL - 29
IS - 2
PG - 182-186
SP - 182
EP - 186
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Department of Error
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10223
PG - 496
SP - 496
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30250-6
NS -
N1 - elizabeth mumford (2020-02-18 01:55:19)(Select): linked to #847, 7,and 999;
Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-17 23:54:11)(Screen): Can't find original article. This
might be a duplicate (see 847 and 999; also corrections to original Wang
article). ;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients:
implication of multiple shedding routes
AU - Zhang, Wei
AU - Du, Rong-Hui
AU - Li, Bei
AU - Yang, Xing-Lou
AU - Hu, Ben
AU - Wang, Yan-Yi
AU - Xiao, Geng-Fu
AU - Yan, Bing
AU - Shi, Zheng-Li
AU - Zhou, Peng
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) caused an outbreak in
Wuhan, China, and soon spread to other parts of the world. It was believed that
2019-nCoV was transmitted through respiratory tract and then induced pneumonia,
thus molecular diagnosis based on oral swabs was used for confirmation of this
disease. Likewise, patient will be released upon two times of negative detection
from oral swabs. However, many coronaviruses can also be transmitted through oral-
fecal route by infecting intestines. Whether 2019-nCoV infected patients also carry
virus in other organs like intestine need to be tested. We conducted investigation
on patients in a local hospital who were infected with this virus. We found the
presence of 2019-nCoV in anal swabs and blood as well, and more anal swab positives
than oral swab positives in a later stage of infection, suggesting shedding and
thereby transmitted through oral-fecal route. We also showed serology test can
improve detection positive rate thus should be used in future epidemiology. Our
report provides a cautionary warning that 2019-nCoV may be shed through multiple
routes.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 1
PG - 386-389
SP - 386
EP - 389
AN - 32065057
DO - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1729071
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - First case of neonate infected with novel coronavirus pneumonia in China
AU - Zeng, L. K.
AU - Tao, X. W.
AU - Yuan, W. H.
AU - Wang, J.
AU - Liu, X.
AU - Liu, Z. S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E009-E009
SP - E009
EP - E009
AN - 32065520
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0009
NS -
N1 - Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-18 22:42:49)(Screen): DOI not working, no abstract;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A familial cluster of infection associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus
indicating potential person-to-person transmission during the incubation period
AU - Yu, Ping
AU - Zhu, Jiang
AU - Zhang, Zhengdong
AU - Han, Yingjun
AU - Huang, Lihong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - An ongoing outbreak of pneumonia associated with 2019 novel coronavirus
(2019-nCoV) was reported in China. It is unclear if the infectivity exists during
the incubation period, although a person-to-person transmission has been reported
in previous studies. We report the epidemiological features of a familial cluster
of four patients in Shanghai, of which one was 88 years old man with moving
difficulties and was only exposed to his asymptomatic family members who developed
symptoms later. The epidemiological evidence has shown a potential transmission of
the 2019-nCoV during the incubation period.
JO - The Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa077
UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa077
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Timely research papers about COVID-19 in China
AU - Xiang, Yu-Tao
AU - Li, Wen
AU - Zhang, Qinge
AU - Jin, Yu
AU - Rao, Wen-Wang
AU - Zeng, Liang-Nan
AU - Lok, Grace K. I.
AU - Chow, Ines H. I.
AU - Cheung, Teris
AU - Hall, Brian J.
PY -
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30375-5
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30375-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-
specific human monoclonal antibody
AU - Tian, Xiaolong
AU - Li, Cheng
AU - Huang, Ailing
AU - Xia, Shuai
AU - Lu, Sicong
AU - Shi, Zhengli
AU - Lu, Lu
AU - Jiang, Shibo
AU - Yang, Zhenlin
AU - Wu, Yanling
AU - Ying, Tianlei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The newly identified 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has caused more than
11,900 laboratory-confirmed human infections, including 259 deaths, posing a
serious threat to human health. Currently, however, there is no specific antiviral
treatment or vaccine. Considering the relatively high identity of receptor-binding
domain (RBD) in 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV, it is urgent to assess the cross-reactivity
of anti-SARS CoV antibodies with 2019-nCoV spike protein, which could have
important implications for rapid development of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies
against 2019-nCoV. Here, we report for the first time that a SARS-CoV-specific
human monoclonal antibody, CR3022, could bind potently with 2019-nCoV RBD (KD of
6.3 nM). The epitope of CR3022 does not overlap with the ACE2 binding site within
2019-nCoV RBD. These results suggest that CR3022 may have the potential to be
developed as candidate therapeutics, alone or in combination with other
neutralizing antibodies, for the prevention and treatment of 2019-nCoV infections.
Interestingly, some of the most potent SARS-CoV-specific neutralizing antibodies
(e.g. m396, CR3014) that target the ACE2 binding site of SARS-CoV failed to bind
2019-nCoV spike protein, implying that the difference in the RBD of SARS-CoV and
2019-nCoV has a critical impact for the cross-reactivity of neutralizing
antibodies, and that it is still necessary to develop novel monoclonal antibodies
that could bind specifically to 2019-nCoV RBD.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 1
PG - 382-385
SP - 382
EP - 385
AN - 32065055
DO - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1729069
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Challenges of coronavirus disease 2019
AU - The Lancet Infectious, Diseases
PY -
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30072-4
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30072-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Development of Genetic Diagnostic Methods for Novel Coronavirus 2019 (nCoV-
2019) in Japan
AU - Shirato, Kazuya
AU - Nao, Naganori
AU - Katano, Harutaka
AU - Takayama, Ikuyo
AU - Saito, Shinji
AU - Kato, Fumihiro
AU - Katoh, Hiroshi
AU - Sakata, Masafumi
AU - Nakatsu, Yuichiro
AU - Mori, Yoshio
AU - Kageyama, Tsutomu
AU - Matsuyama, Shutoku
AU - Takeda, Makoto
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB -
CY -
VL - advpub
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2020.061
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - “The disruption is enormous.” Coronavirus epidemic snarls science worldwide |
Science | AAAS
AU - Service, Robert F.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Normal daily life has come to a virtual standstill in large parts of China as
a result of the epidemic of COVID-19—and so has science. Universities across the
country remain closed; access to labs is restricted, projects have been mothballed,
field work interrupted, and travel severely curtailed. But scientists elsewhere in
the world are noticing an impact as well, as collaborations with China are on pause
and scientific meetings for the next five months have been canceled or postponed.
The damage to science pales compared to the human suffering; the total number of
cases has risen to 71,429, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported today,
almost 99% of them in China, and there have been 1775 deaths. Still, for individual
researchers the losses can be serious—and stressful. “Basically, everything has
completely stopped,” says John Speakman, who runs an animal behavior lab at the
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Beijing that has effectively been shut since
the Lunar New Year on 25 January. “The disruption is enormous. The stress on the
staff is really high.” But Speakman says he understands why the Chinese government
took the measures. “It’s annoying, but I completely support what they have done,”
he says.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/disruption-enormous-coronavirus-
epidemic-snarls-science-worldwide
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronaviruses: a paradigm of new emerging zoonotic diseases
AU - Salata, Cristiano
AU - Calistri, Arianna
AU - Parolin, Cristina
AU - Palù, Giorgio
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A novel type of coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infecting humans appeared in Wuhan,
China, at the end of December 2019. Since the identification of the outbreak the
infection quickly spread involving in one month more than 31,000 confirmed cases
with 638 death. Molecular analysis suggest that 2019-nCoV could be originated from
bats after passaging in intermediate hosts, highlighting the high zoonotic
potential of coronaviruses.
JO - Pathogens and Disease
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/femspd/ftaa006
UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftaa006
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - How to face the novel coronavirus infection during the 2019–2020 epidemic:
the experience of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital
AU - Pan, Lingai
AU - Wang, Li
AU - Huang, Xiaobo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - January 17, 2020: the Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital officially
launched the 2019 influenza emergency response plan and established a leading group
for influenza prevention and control. The president of Sichuan Provincial People’s
Hospital serves as the team leader, and its members include related departments
such as the administrative department, the intensive care unit, the infectious
disease department, the respiratory department, nurses, the nosocomial infection
control department and the radiology department. Afterwards we established multiple
working groups: the emergency team, the prevention and control team, the medical
emergency team, the material security team, the publicity and education team and
the information updating team. Since the transmission dynamics were unclear,
establishing fever clinics, isolation wards and emergency wards were the most
important measures.JO - Intensive Care Medicine
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00134-020-05964-0
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05964-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus
diseases (COVID-19) in China
AU - Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology, Team
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: An outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in
Wuhan, China has spread quickly nationwide. Here, we report results of a
descriptive, exploratory analysis of all cases diagnosed as of February 11, 2020.
Methods: All COVID-19 cases reported through February 11, 2020 were extracted from
China's Infectious Disease Information System. Analyses included: 1) summary of
patient characteristics; 2) examination of age distributions and sex ratios; 3)
calculation of case fatality and mortality rates; 4) geo-temporal analysis of viral
spread; 5) epidemiological curve construction; and 6) subgroup analysis. Results: A
total of 72 314 patient records-44 672 (61.8%) confirmed cases, 16 186 (22.4%)
suspected cases, 10567 (14.6%) clinical diagnosed cases (Hubei only), and 889
asymptomatic cases (1.2%)-contributed data for the analysis. Among confirmed cases,
most were aged 30-79 years (86.6%), diagnosed in Hubei (74.7%), and considered mild
(80.9%). A total of 1 023 deaths occurred among confirmed cases for an overall
case-fatality rate of 2.3%. The COVID-19 spread outward from Hubei sometime after
December 2019 and by February 11, 2020, 1 386 counties across all 31 provinces were
affected. The epidemic curve of onset of symptoms peaked in January 23-26, then
began to decline leading up to February 11. A total of 1 716 health workers have
become infected and 5 have died (0.3%). Conclusions: The COVID-19 epidemic has
spread very quickly. It only took 30 days to expand from Hubei to the rest of
Mainland China. With many people returning from a long holiday, China needs to
prepare for the possible rebound of the epidemic.
PB -
CY -
VL - 41
IS - 2
PG - 145-151
SP - 145
EP - 151
AN - 32064853
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.02.003
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Can Chinese Medicine Be Used for Prevention of Corona Virus Disease 2019
(COVID-19)? A Review of Historical Classics, Research Evidence and Current
Prevention Programs
AU - Luo, Hui
AU - Tang, Qiao-Ling
AU - Shang, Ya-Xi
AU - Liang, Shi-Bing
AU - Yang, Ming
AU - Robinson, Nicola
AU - Liu, Jian-Ping
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - OBJECTIVE: Since December 2019, an outbreak of corona virus disease 2019
(COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan, and rapidly spread to almost all parts of China. This
was followed by prevention programs recommending Chinese medicine (CM) for the
prevention. In order to provide evidence for CM recommendations, we reviewed
ancient classics and human studies. METHODS: Historical records on prevention and
treatment of infections in CM classics, clinical evidence of CM on the prevention
of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and H1N1 influenza, and CM prevention
programs issued by health authorities in China since the COVID-19 outbreak were
retrieved from different databases and websites till 12 February, 2020. Research
evidence included data from clinical trials, cohort or other population studies
using CM for preventing contagious respiratory virus diseases. RESULTS: The use of
CM to prevent epidemics of infectious diseases was traced back to ancient Chinese
practice cited in Huangdi's Internal Classic (Huang Di Nei Jing) where preventive
effects were recorded. There were 3 studies using CM for prevention of SARS and 4
studies for H1N1 influenza. None of the participants who took CM contracted SARS in
the 3 studies. The infection rate of H1N1 influenza in the CM group was
significantly lower than the non-CM group (relative risk 0.36, 95% confidence
interval 0.24-0.52; n=4). For prevention of COVID-19, 23 provinces in China issued
CM programs. The main principles of CM use were to tonify qi to protect from
external pathogens, disperse wind and discharge heat, and resolve dampness. The
most frequently used herbs included Radix astragali (Huangqi), Radix glycyrrhizae
(Gancao), Radix saposhnikoviae (Fangfeng), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae
(Baizhu), Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Jinyinhua), and Fructus forsythia (Lianqiao).
CONCLUSIONS: Based on historical records and human evidence of SARS and H1N1
influenza prevention, Chinese herbal formula could be an alternative approach for
prevention of COVID-19 in high-risk population. Prospective, rigorous population
studies are warranted to confirm the potential preventive effect of CM.
JO - Chin J Integr Med
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1007/s11655-020-3192-6
SP - 10.1007/s11655
EP - 020
AN - 32065348
DO - 10.1007/s11655-020-3192-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and corona virus
disease-2019 (COVID-19): the epidemic and the challenges
AU - Lai, Chih-Cheng
AU - Shih, Tzu-Ping
AU - Ko, Wen-Chien
AU - Tang, Hung-Jen
AU - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - ABSTRACT Emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-
CoV-2, previously provisionally named 2019 novel coronavirus or 2019-nCoV) disease
(COVID-19) in China at the end of 2019, has caused a large global outbreak and a
major public health issue. As of February 11, 2020, data from the WHO has shown
that more than 43,000 confirmed cases have been identified in 28 countries/regions,
with more than 99% of the cases being detected in China. On January 30, 2020, WHO
has declared COVID-19 as the sixth public health emergency of international
concern. The SARS-CoV-2 is closely related to two bat-derived severe acute
respiratory syndrome-like coronaviruses, bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21. It is
spread by human-to-human transmission via droplets or direct contact, and infection
has been estimated to have mean incubation period of 6.4 days and a basic
reproduction number of 2.24-3.58. Among the patients with pneumonia caused by the
SARS-CoV-2 (novel coronavirus pneumonia or Wuhan pneumonia), fever was the most
common symptom, followed by cough. Bilateral lung involvement with ground glass
opacity was the most common finding from computerized tomography images of the
chest. Although the one case of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in the United States
responding well to remdesivir, which is now undergoing a clinical trial in China.
Currently, controlling infection to prevent the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 is the
primary intervention being used. However, public health authorities should keep
monitoring the situation closely, as the more we can learn about this novel virus
and its associated outbreak, the better we can respond.
JO - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 105924
SP - 105924
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105924
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Politics of Disease Epidemics: a Comparative Analysis of the SARS, Zika,
and Ebola Outbreaks
AU - Kapiriri, Lydia
AU - Ross, Alison
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Over the past few decades, disease outbreaks have become increasingly
frequent and widespread. The epicenters of these outbreaks have differed, and could
be linked to different economic contexts. Arguably, the responses to these
outbreaks have been “political” and inherently burdensome to marginalized
populations. Key lessons can be learned from exploring the narratives about the
different epidemics in varying income settings. Based on a review of the published
medical, social, and political literature, which was accessed using four electronic
databases—PubMed, Sociological Abstracts, Scholars Portal, and Web of Science, the
overall objective of this paper discuss scholars’ narratives on the “politics” of
Ebola in a low-income setting, Zika virus in a middle-income setting, and SARS in a
high-income setting. Various themes of the politics of epidemics were prominent in
the literature. The narratives demonstrated the influence of power in whose
narratives and what narratives are presented in the literature. While marginalized
populations were reported to have borne the brunt of all disease outbreaks in the
different contexts, the prevalence of their narratives within the reviewed
literature was limited. Regardless of income setting, there is a need to give voice
to the most marginalized communities during an epidemic. The experiences and
narratives of those most vulnerable to an epidemic—specifically poor communities—
need to be represented in the literature. This could contribute to mitigating some
of the negative impact of the politics in epidemics.
JO - Global Social Welfare
PB -
CY -
VL - 7
IS - 1
PG - 33-45
SP - 33
EP - 45
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s40609-018-0123-y
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40609-018-0123-y
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A Novel Coronavirus Emerges
AU - Ena, J.
AU - Wenzel, R. P.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Rev Clin Esp
PB -
CY -
VL - 220
IS - 2
PG - 115-116
SP - 115
EP - 116
AN - 32063263
DO - 10.1016/j.rce.2020.01.001
NS -
N1 - Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-18 22:26:13)(Screen): no abstract available;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Pharmacotherapeutics for the New Coronavirus Pneumonia
AU - Du, B.
AU - Qiu, H. B.
AU - Zhan, X.
AU - Wang, Y. S.
AU - Kang, H. Y. J.
AU - Li, X. Y.
AU - Wang, F.
AU - Sun, B.
AU - Tong, Z. H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The New Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP, also named as COVID-19 by WHO on Feb 11
2020, is now causing a severe public health emergency in China since. The number of
diagnosed cases is more than 40,000 until the submission of this manuscript.
Coronavirus has caused several epidemic situations world widely, but the present
contagious disease caused by 2019 new Coronavirus is unprecedentedly fulminating.
The published cohorts of 2019 new Coronavirus (n-Cov) are single-center studies, or
retrospective studies. We here share the therapeutic experiences of NCP treatment
with literature review. Combination of Ribavirin and Interferon-α is recommended by
the 5(th) edition National Health Commission's Regimen (Revised Edition) because of
the effect on MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome), and the effectiveness of
Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Remdisivir needs to be confirmed by randomized controlled
trial (RCT), given the situation of no specific antivirus drug on NCP is
unavailable. Systemic glucocorticosteroid is recommended as a short term use (1~2
mg.kg(-1).d(-1), 3~5d ) by the 5(th) edition National Health Commission's Regimen
(Revised Edition) yet RCTs are expected to confirm the effectiveness. Inappropriate
application of antibiotics should be avoided, especially the combination of broad-
spectrum antibiotics, for the NCP is not often complicated with bacterial
infection.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E012-E012
SP - E012
EP - E012
AN - 32057209
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0012
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - When will the coronavirus outbreak peak?
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Officials want to know but predictions vary wildly, from now to after
hundreds of millions of people are infected. Officials want to know but predictions
vary wildly, from now to after hundreds of millions of people are infected.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00361-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - What are we doing in the dermatology outpatient department amidst the raging
of 2019-nCoV?
AU - Chen, Yusha
AU - Pradhan, Sushmita
AU - Xue, Siliang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.02.030
NS -
N1 - Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-18 22:24:23)(Screen): DOI broken, no abstract
available ;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The network investigation on knowledge, attitude and practice about Novel
coronavirus pneumonia of the residents in Anhui Province
AU - Chen, Y.
AU - Jin, Y. L.
AU - Zhu, L. J.
AU - Fang, Z. M.
AU - Wu, N.
AU - Du, M. X.
AU - Jiang, M. M.
AU - Wang, J.
AU - Yao, Y. S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To analyze the current situation of the knowledge, attitudes and
practice about Novelcoronavirus pneumonia (NCP) of the residents in Anhui Province.
Methods: Anonymous network sampling survey was carried out with an electronic
questionnaire that designed by the questionnaire star, and a total of 4016 subjects
from Anhui province were investigated. The content of the survey includes that the
basic information of subjects,the residents' knowledge, attitudes and practice
about NCP, as well as their satisfaction with the prevention and control measures
adopted by the government and health authorities and the suggestions on future
prevention. The questionnaire doesn't involve any privacy information, and all
questions were mandatory to ensure the response rate. Results: The M (P(25), P(75))
age the 4016 subjects was 21 (19, 24), and the ranging from 7 to 80 years old. The
number of males was1431(35.6%). Social networking tools such as WeChat and QQ were
the main sources of epidemic information for residents (97.8%, 3 929 respondents).
Residents have a high awareness rate of the main symptoms, transmission routes,
using of masks, hand washing and treatment information of NCP, while a low
awareness rate of the atypical symptoms. 92.6% of the subjects (n=3 720) think that
the outbreak was scary. In terms of psychological behavior scores, the results
showed that female (9.38±4.81), the urban (9.37±5.02) and the medical workers
(10.79±5.19) had a poorer mental health than the male (8.45±5.00) , the rural
(8.71±4.75) and the non-medical workers (the students: 8.85±4.83; public institude
workers: 9.02±5.08; others: 8.97±5.39) (P < 0.05). 71.9% of the residents (n=2
887)were satisfied with the local epidemic control measures. The residents took
various of the measures to prevent and control the epidemic. The ratio of residents
that could achieve "no gathering and less going out" , "wear masks when going out"
and "do not go to crowded and closed places" was up to 97.4% (n=3 913), 93.6%
(n=3758) and 91.5% (n=3 673) respectively. Conclusion: The residents in Anhui
province have a good KAP about NCP, yet it is necessary to strengthen the community
publicity, the mental health maintenance of residents and students' health
education.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E004-E004
SP - E004
EP - E004
AN - 32064854
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2020.0004
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Structure analysis of the receptor binding of 2019-nCoV
AU - Chen, Yun
AU - Guo, Yao
AU - Pan, Yihang
AU - Zhao, Zhizhuang Joe
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - 2019-nCoV is a newly identified coronavirus with high similarity to SARS-CoV.
We performed a structural analysis of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of spike
glycoprotein responsible for entry of coronaviruses into host cells. The RBDs from
the two viruses share 72% identity in amino acid sequences, and molecular
simulation reveals highly similar ternary structures. However, 2019-nCoV has a
distinct loop with flexible glycyl residues replacing rigid prolyl residues in
SARS-CoV. Molecular modeling revealed that 2019-nCoV RBD has a stronger interaction
with angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). A unique phenylalanine F486 in the
flexible loop likely plays a major role because its penetration into a deep
hydrophobic pocket in ACE2. ACE2 is widely expressed with conserved primary
structures throughout the animal kingdom from fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, to
mammals. Structural analysis suggests that ACE2 from these animals can potentially
bind RBD of 2019-nCoV, making them all possible natural hosts for the virus. 2019-
nCoV is thought to be transmitted through respiratory droplets. However, since ACE2
is predominantly expressed in intestines, testis, and kidney, fecal-oral and other
routes of transmission are also possible. Finally, antibodies and small molecular
inhibitors that can block the interaction of ACE2 with RBD should be developed to
combat the virus.
JO - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.071
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Early containment strategies and core measures for prevention and control of
novel coronavirus pneumonia in China
AU - Chen, W.
AU - Wang, Q.
AU - Li, Y. Q.
AU - Yu, H. L.
AU - Xia, Y. Y.
AU - Zhang, M. L.
AU - Qin, Y.
AU - Zhang, T.
AU - Peng, Z. B.
AU - Zhang, R. C.
AU - Yang, X. K.
AU - Yin, W. W.
AU - An, Z. J.
AU - Wu, D.
AU - Yin, Z. D.
AU - Li, S.
AU - Chen, Q. L.
AU - Feng, L. Z.
AU - Li, Z. J.
AU - Feng, Z. J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic occurred in Wuhan,
Hubei Province, and spread rapidly across the country. In the early stages of the
epidemic, China adopted the containment strategy and implemented a series of core
measures around this strategic point, including social mobilization, strengthening
case isolation and close contacts tracking management, blocking epidemic areas and
traffic control to reduce personnel movements and increase social distance,
environmental measures and personal protection, with a view to controlling the
epidemic as soon as possible in limited areas such as Wuhan. This article
summarizes the background, key points and core measures in the country and
provinces. It sent prospects for future prevention and control strategies.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 3
PG - 1-6
SP - 1
EP - 6
AN - 32064856
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2020.03.003
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019
AU - Burki, Talha
PY -
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30076-1
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30076-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis of the first cluster of cases in a family of novel coronavirus
pneumonia in Gansu Province
AU - Bai, S. L.
AU - Wang, J. Y.
AU - Zhou, Y. Q.
AU - Yu, D. S.
AU - Gao, X. M.
AU - Li, L. L.
AU - Yang, F.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The epidemiological history and clinical characteristics of 7 cases of COVID-
19 and 1 case of close contact in the first family aggregation epidemic of COVID-19
in Gansu Province were analyzed. The first patient A developed on January 22, 2020,
with a history of residence in Wuhan, and confirmed severe cases of NCP on January
24, 2020; patient B, on January 23, 2020, diagnosed on January 31, severe cases;
patient C, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 27; patient D, asymptomatic,
diagnosed on January 27; patient E, on January 24, diagnosed on January 28; patient
F, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 31; Patient G was asymptomatic and was
diagnosed on January 31. In close contact, H was asymptomatic, PCR test was
negative and asymptomatic, and he was discharged early. Among the 7 patients, 1
case died of (B) aggravation, and the other patients' condition was effectively
controlled after active treatment. Except for the discharged cases, 5 cases were
positive for COVID-19 specific IgM antibody and 1 case was negative. In this
clustering outbreak, 4 patients remained asymptomatic, but PCR and IgM antibodies
were positive, indicating that asymptomatic patients may be the key point to
control the epidemic. Specific IgM antibody screening for patients whose pharyngeal
swab nucleic acid test is negative but with ground glass-like lung lesions is very
important for early detection and early isolation.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E005-E005
SP - E005
EP - E005
AN - 32064855
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2020.0005
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Discovery and development of safe-in-man broad-spectrum antiviral agents
AU - Andersen, Petter I.
AU - Ianevski, Aleksandr
AU - Lysvand, Hilde
AU - Vitkauskiene, Astra
AU - Oksenych, Valentyn
AU - Bjørås, Magnar
AU - Telling, Kaidi
AU - Lutsar, Irja
AU - Dampis, Uga
AU - Irie, Yasuhiko
AU - Tenson, Tanel
AU - Kantele, Anu
AU - Kainov, Denis E.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Viral diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in
the world. Virus-specific vaccines and antiviral drugs are the most powerful tools
to combat viral diseases. However, broad-spectrum antiviral agents (BSAAs, i.e.
compounds targeting viruses belonging to two or more viral families) could provide
additional protection of general population from emerging and re-emerging viral
diseases reinforcing the arsenal of available antiviral options. Here, we reviewed
discovery and development of BSAAs and summarized the information on 119 safe-in-
man agents in freely accessible database (https://drugvirus.info/). Future and
ongoing pre-clinical and clinical studies will increase the number of BSAAs, expand
spectrum of their indications, and identify drug combinations for treatment of
emerging and re-emerging viral infections as well as co-infections.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 - Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-18 22:16:16)(Screen): DOI broken;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Biotech start-ups hit by coronavirus work stoppages
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - s the outbreak of the new coronavirus, now officially named severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), continues to mushroom, the related
work stoppages in China have put a spotlight on Western biotech companies’
dependence on Chinese contract research organizations (CROs). The situation has
prompted some start-ups to rethink their contingency plans—particularly when it
comes to chemistry services. Biotech firms had anticipated delays related to the
Lunar New Year holidays, and so far outbreak-related travel restrictions have
extended that work gap by only a week. But as the virus spreads—according to
Chinese authorities, as of Feb. 13, more than 60,100 people had been infected and
nearly 1,400 had died, most of them in China—some biotech firms that rely on China
are becoming nervous about how long their projects could be on hold. Much attention
is on WuXi AppTec, the largest Chinese CRO.
PB -
CY -
VL - 98
IS - 7
PG - 13-13
SP - 13
EP - 13
AN -
DO - 10.1021/cen-09807-buscon3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 中国疾病预防控制中心新型冠状病毒肺炎应急响应机制流行病学组. 新型冠状病毒肺炎流行病学特征分析
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - 摘要目的新型冠状病毒肺炎在武汉暴发流行以来，已在全国范围内蔓延。对截至 2020 年 2 月 11 日中国
内地报告所有病例的流行病学特征进行描述和分析。方法选取截至 2020 年 2 月 11 日中国内地传染病报告信息
系统中上报所有新型冠状病毒肺炎病例。分析包括：①患者特征； ②病死率；③年龄分布和性别比例；④疾病传
播的时空特点； ⑤所有病例、湖北省以外病例和医务人员病例的流行病学曲线。结果中国内地共报告 72 314
例病例，其中确诊病例 44 672 例（61.8%），疑似病例 16 186 例(22.4%)，临床诊断病例 10 567 例
（14.6%），无症状感染者 889 例（1.2%）。在确诊病例中，大多数年龄在 30～79 岁(86.6%)，湖北省
(74.7%)，轻症病例为主(80.9%)。确诊病例中，死亡 1 023 例，粗病死率为 2.3%。个案调查结果提示，疫情
在 2019 年 12 月从湖北向外传播，截至 2020 年 2 月 11 日，全国 31 个省的 1 386 个县区受到了影响。流行曲线
显示在 1 月 23－26 日左右达到峰值，并且观察到发病数下降趋势。截至 2 月 11 日，共有 1 716 名医务工作者感
染，其中 5 人死亡，粗病死率为 0.3%。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎传播流行迅速，从首次报告病例日后 30 d 蔓延
至 31 个省(区/市)，疫情在 1 月 24－26 日达到首个流行峰，2 月 1 日出现单日发病异常高值，而后逐渐下降。
随着人们返回工作岗位，需积极应对可能出现的疫情反弹。
JO - 中华流行病学杂
PB -
CY -
VL - 41
IS - 02
PG - 145-151
SP - 145
EP - 151
AN -
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.02.003
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Countermeasures and treatment for aortic acute syndrome with novel
coronavirus pneumonia
AU - Si, Y.
AU - Sun, X. F.
AU - Zhong, M.
AU - Yue, J. N.
AU - Fu, W. G.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has cost a great loss to the health and
economic property of Chines people. Under such a special circumstance, how to deal
with such patients with acute aortic syndrome has become a serious challenge. Rapid
diagnosis of concomitant NCP, safe and effective transportation, implementation of
the interventional procedure, protection of vascular surgical team and
postoperative management and follow-up of such patients have become urgent problems
for us. Combined with the latest novel government documents, the literature and the
experiences from Wuhan, we answered the above questions briefly and plainly. It
also hopes to inspire the national vascular surgeons to manage critical emergencies
in vascular surgery and even routine vascular diseases with NCP, as a final point
to limit the severe epidemic situation, and minimize the damage of NCP.
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN - 32066206
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2020.0002
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Recommended psychological crisis intervention response to the 2019 novel
coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in China: a model of West China Hospital
AU - Zhang, Jun
AU - Wu, Weili
AU - Zhao, Xin
AU - Zhang, Wei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19)epidemic has brought serious social
psychological impact to the Chinese people, especially those quarantined and thus
with limited access to face-to-face communication and traditional social
psychological interventions. To better deal with the urgent psychological problems
of people involved in the COVID-19 epidemic, we developed a new psychological
crisis intervention model by utilizing internet technology. This new model, one of
West China Hospital, integrates physicians, psychiatrists, psychologists and social
workers into Internet platforms to carry out psychological intervention to
patients, their families and medical staff. We hope this model will make a sound
basis for developing a more comprehensive psychological crisis intervention
response system that is applicable for urgent social and psychological problems.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa006
UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa006
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Returning Travelers from Wuhan, China
AU - Hoehl, Sebastian
AU - Berger, Annemarie
AU - Kortenbusch, Marhild
AU - Cinatl, Jindrich
AU - Bojkova, Denisa
AU - Rabenau, Holger
AU - Behrens, Pia
AU - Böddinghaus, Boris
AU - Götsch, Udo
AU - Naujoks, Frank
AU - Neumann, Peter
AU - Schork, Joscha
AU - Tiarks-Jungk, Petra
AU - Walczok, Antoni
AU - Eickmann, Markus
AU - Vehreschild, Maria J. G. T.
AU - Kann, Gerrit
AU - Wolf, Timo
AU - Gottschalk, René
AU - Ciesek, Sandra
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1056/NEJMc2001899
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Moral imperative for the immediate release of 2019-nCoV sequence data
AU - Wu, Chung- I.
AU - Poo, Mu-ming
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - National Science Review
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/nsr/nwaa030
UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa030
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress
syndrome
AU - Xu, Zhe
AU - Shi, Lei
AU - Wang, Yijin
AU - Zhang, Jiyuan
AU - Huang, Lei
AU - Zhang, Chao
AU - Liu, Shuhong
AU - Zhao, Peng
AU - Liu, Hongxia
AU - Zhu, Li
AU - Tai, Yanhong
AU - Bai, Changqing
AU - Gao, Tingting
AU - Song, Jinwen
AU - Xia, Peng
AU - Dong, Jinghui
AU - Zhao, Jingmin
AU - Wang, Fu-Sheng
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Mental health services for older adults in China during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU - Yang, Yuan
AU - Li, Wen
AU - Zhang, Qinge
AU - Zhang, Ling
AU - Cheung, Teris
AU - Xiang, Yu-Tao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30079-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU - Liu, Shuai
AU - Yang, Lulu
AU - Zhang, Chenxi
AU - Xiang, Yu-Tao
AU - Liu, Zhongchun
AU - Hu, Shaohua
AU - Zhang, Bin
PY -
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30077-8
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30077-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU - Chen, Qiongni
AU - Liang, Mining
AU - Li, Yamin
AU - Guo, Jincai
AU - Fei, Dongxue
AU - Wang, Ling
AU - He, Li
AU - Sheng, Caihua
AU - Cai, Yiwen
AU - Li, Xiaojuan
AU - Wang, Jianjian
AU - Zhang, Zhanzhou
PY -
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30078-X
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The first Vietnamese case of COVID-19 acquired from China
AU - Van Cuong, Le
AU - Giang, Hoang Thi Nam
AU - Linh, Le Khac
AU - Shah, Jaffer
AU - Van Sy, Le
AU - Hung, Trinh Huu
AU - Reda, Abdullah
AU - Truong, Luong Ngoc
AU - Tien, Do Xuan
AU - Huy, Nguyen Tien
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30111-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Initiation of a new infection control system for the COVID-19 outbreak
AU - Chen, Xuejiao
AU - Tian, Junzhang
AU - Li, Guanming
AU - Li, Guowei
PY -
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30110-9
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30110-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus Outbreak: What The Department of Radiology Should Know
AU - Kooraki, Soheil
AU - Hosseiny, Melina
AU - Myers, Lee
AU - Gholamrezanezhad, Ali
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, a novel coronavirus pneumonia was emerged in Wuhan, China.
Since then, this highly contagious coronavirus has been spreading worldwide with a
rapid rise in the number of death tolls. The novel coronavirus infected pneumonia
(NCIP) is characterized by fever, fatigue, dry cough and dyspnea. A variety of
chest imaging features have been reported, similar to those found in other types of
coronavirus syndromes. The purpose of the present review is to briefly discuss the
known epidemiology and the imaging findings of coronavirus syndromes with focus on
the reported imaging findings of NCIP. Moreover, we aimed to review the precautions
and safety measures for radiology department personnel to manage patients with
known or suspected to have NCIP. Implementation of a robust plan in the radiology
department is required to prevent further transmission of the virus to patients and
department staff.
JO - Journal of the American College of Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.02.008
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Wuhan coronavirus (2019-nCoV): The need to maintain regular physical activity
while taking precautions
AU - Chen, Peijie
AU - Mao, Lijuan
AU - Harmer, Peter
AU - Li, Fuzhong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG - 103-104
SP - 103
EP - 104
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Statistics-Based Predictions of Coronavirus Epidemic Spreading in Mainland
China
AU - Nesteruk, Igor
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Information about the open-access article 'Statistics-Based Predictions of
Coronavirus Epidemic Spreading in Mainland China' in DOAJ. DOAJ is an online
directory that indexes and provides access to quality open access, peer-reviewed
journals.
JO - Innovative Biosystems and Bioengineering
PB -
CY -
VL - 4
IS - 1
PG - 13-18
SP - 13
EP - 18
AN -
DO - 10.20535/ibb.2020.4.1.195074
UR - https://doaj.org/article/d0fedc6dffdf47dbbb6bf448fa4e31c2
NS -
N1 - Qingxia Zhong (2020-02-19 22:19:00)(Screen): DOI not found. should
be:https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.12.20021931;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019 Novel coronavirus: where we are and what we know
AU - Cheng, Zhangkai J.
AU - Shan, Jing
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - There is a current worldwide outbreak of a new type of coronavirus (2019-
nCoV), which originated from Wuhan in China and has now spread to 17 other
countries. Governments are under increased pressure to stop the outbreak spiraling
into a global health emergency. At this stage, preparedness, transparency, and
sharing of information are crucial to risk assessments and beginning outbreak
control activities. This information should include reports from outbreak sites and
from laboratories supporting the investigation. This paper aggregates and
consolidates the virology, epidemiology, clinical management strategies from both
English and Chinese literature, official news channels, and other official
government documents. In addition, by fitting the number of infections with a
single-term exponential model, we report that the infection is spreading at an
exponential rate, with a doubling period of 1.8 days.
JO - Infection
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s15010-020-01401-y
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Effects of Social Media Use on Preventive Behaviors during Infectious
Disease Outbreaks: The Mediating Role of Self-relevant Emotions and Public Risk
Perception
AU - Oh, Sang-Hwa
AU - Lee, Seo Yoon
AU - Han, Changhyun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Health Communication
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1-10
SP - 1
EP - 10
AN -
DO - 10.1080/10410236.2020.1724639
UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2020.1724639
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19): What is the role of radiologists?
AU - Kim, Hyungjin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - • Novel coronavirus (COVID-19)-infected pneumonia usually manifests as
bilateral ground-glass opacities in the lung periphery on chest CT scans.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00330-020-06748-2
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06748-2
NS -
N1 - Qingxia Zhong (2020-02-19 22:02:14)(Screen): diagnostics-related;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Critical care response to a hospital outbreak of the 2019-nCoV infection in
Shenzhen, China
AU - Liu, Yong
AU - Li, Jinxiu
AU - Feng, Yongwen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Critical Care
PB -
CY -
VL - 24
IS - 1
PG - 56
SP - 56
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1186/s13054-020-2786-x
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Personal knowledge on novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - Kang, Han-Yujie
AU - Wang, Yi-Shan
AU - Tong, Zhao-Hui
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000757
SP - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000757
EP -
AN - 32068600
DO - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000757
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The prevention and control of a new coronavirus infection in department of
stomatology
AU - LI, Zhi yong
AU - MENG, Liu yan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - During a short period of time, the outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel
coronavirus, named Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP), was first reported in China,
spreading to 24 countries and regions rapidly. The number of confirmed cases and
deaths continued to rise. World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the
outbreaks of the novel coronavirus have constituted a Public Health Emergency of
International Concern. Efficient infection control can prevent the virus from
further spreading, which makes the epidemic situation under control. Due to the
specialty of oral healthcare settings, the risk of cross infection is severe among
patients and oral healthcare practitioners. It's more urgent to implement strict
and efficient infection control protocols. This paper, based on existing guidelines
and published researches pertinent to dental infection-control principles and
practices, mainly discusses epidemiological characteristics of NCP and the features
of nosocomial infection in oral healthcare settings, and furthermore provides
recommendations on patient's evaluation, and infection control protocols in
department of stomatology under current circumstance..
JO - Chinese Journal of Stomatology
PB -
CY -
VL - 55
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-novel coronavirus infection in a three-month-old baby
AU - Zhang, Yuehua
AU - Lin, Zhang
AU - Xiao, Meifang
AU - Wang, Jiachong
AU - Wei, Yong
AU - Lei, Zhixian
AU - Zeng, Zhenqiong
AU - Li, Ling
AU - Li, Hongai
AU - Xiang, Wei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - 006-006
SP - 006
EP - 006
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - First case of severe childhood novel coronavirus pneumonia in China
AU - CHEN, Feng
AU - LIU, Zhi sheng
AU - ZHANG, Fu rong
AU - XIONG, Rui hua
AU - CHEN, Yang
AU - CHENG, X Feng
AU - WANG, Wen yong
AU - REN, Jie
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E005-E005
SP - E005
EP - E005
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Measuring multimorbidity beyond counting diseases: systematic review of
community and population studies and guide to index choice
AU - Stirland, Lucy E.
AU - González-Saavedra, Laura
AU - Mullin, Donncha S.
AU - Ritchie, Craig W.
AU - Muniz-Terrera, Graciela
AU - Russ, Tom C.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objectives To identify and summarise existing indices for measuring
multimorbidity beyond disease counts, to establish which indices include mental
health comorbidities or outcomes, and to develop recommendations based on
applicability, performance, and usage.Design Systematic review.Data sources Seven
medical research databases (Medline, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane
Library, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, and CINAHL Plus) from inception to October 2018
and bibliographies and citations of relevant papers. Searches were limited to
English language publications.Eligibility criteria for study selection Original
articles describing a new multimorbidity index including more information than
disease counts and not focusing on comorbidity associated with one specific
disease. Studies were of adults based in the community or at population
level.Results Among 7128 search results, 5560 unique titles were identified. After
screening against eligibility criteria the review finally included 35 papers. As
index components, 25 indices used conditions (weighted or in combination with other
parameters), five used diagnostic categories, four used drug use, and one used
physiological measures. Predicted outcomes included mortality (18 indices),
healthcare use or costs (13), hospital admission (13), and health related quality
of life (7). 29 indices considered some aspect of mental health, with most
including it as a comorbidity. 12 indices are recommended for use.Conclusions 35
multimorbidity indices are available, with differing components and outcomes.
Researchers and clinicians should examine existing indices for suitability before
creating new ones.Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42017074211.
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m160
SP - m160
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m160
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus covid-19 has killed more people than SARS and MERS combined,
despite lower case fatality rate
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The novel coronavirus that has so far spread from China to 26 countries
around the world does not seem to be as “deadly as other coronaviruses including
SARS and MERS,” the World Health Organization has said.At a briefing on 17 February
WHO’s director general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, said that more than 80% of
patients with covid-19 have a “mild disease and will recover” and that it is fatal
in 2% of reported cases. In comparison, the 2003 outbreak of severe acute
respiratory syndrome (SARS) had a case fatality rate of around 10% (8098 cases and
774 deaths), while Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) killed 34% of people
with the illness …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m641
SP - m641
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m641
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment
of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies
AU - Gao, Jianjun
AU - Tian, Zhenxue
AU - Yang, Xu
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - BioScience Trends
PB -
CY -
VL - advpub
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.5582/bst.2020.01047
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI -
AU - Shirato,Kazuya
AU - Nao,Naganori
AU - Katano,Harutaka
AU - Takayama,Ikuyo
AU - Saito,Shinji
AU - Kato,Fumihiro
AU - Katoh,Hiroshi
AU - Sakata,Masafumi
AU - Nakatsu,Yuichiro
AU - Mori,Yoshio
AU - Kageyama,Tsutomu
AU - Matsuyama,Shutoku
AU - Takeda,Makoto
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB -
CY -
VL - advpub
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2020.061
UR -
NS -
N1 - Qingxia Zhong (2020-02-20 23:53:46)(Screen): title missing;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients
AU - Zou, Lirong
AU - Ruan, Feng
AU - Huang, Mingxing
AU - Liang, Lijun
AU - Huang, Huitao
AU - Hong, Zhongsi
AU - Yu, Jianxiang
AU - Kang, Min
AU - Song, Yingchao
AU - Xia, Jinyu
AU - Guo, Qianfang
AU - Song, Tie
AU - He, Jianfeng
AU - Yen, Hui-Ling
AU - Peiris, Malik
AU - Wu, Jie
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1056/NEJMc2001737
UR - https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc2001737
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak: a call for action
AU - Zhang, Yi
AU - Xu, Jiuyang
AU - Li, Hui
AU - Cao, Bin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Chest
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.02.014
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The way to reduce the"false negative results"of 2019 novel coronavirus
nucleic acid detection
AU - Zhang, R.
AU - Li, J. M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 100
IS - 0
PG - E008-E008
SP - E008
EP - E008
AN - 32072795
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2020.0008
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Enteric involvement of coronaviruses: is faecal–oral transmission of SARS-
CoV-2 possible?
AU - Yeo, Charleen
AU - Kaushal, Sanghvi
AU - Yeo, Danson
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30048-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel
coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series
AU - Xu, Xiao-Wei
AU - Wu, Xiao-Xin
AU - Jiang, Xian-Gao
AU - Xu, Kai-Jin
AU - Ying, Ling-Jun
AU - Ma, Chun-Lian
AU - Li, Shi-Bo
AU - Wang, Hua-Ying
AU - Zhang, Sheng
AU - Gao, Hai-Nv
AU - Sheng, Ji-Fang
AU - Cai, Hong-Liu
AU - Qiu, Yun-Qing
AU - Li, Lan-Juan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To study the clinical characteristics of patients in Zhejiang
province, China, infected with the 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-
2019).Design Retrospective case series.Setting Seven hospitals in Zhejiang
province, China.Participants 62 patients admitted to hospital with laboratory
confirmed SARS-Cov-2 infection. Data were collected from 10 January 2020 to 26
January 2020.Main outcome measures Clinical data, collected using a standardised
case report form, such as temperature, history of exposure, incubation period. If
information was not clear, the working group in Hangzhou contacted the doctor
responsible for treating the patient for clarification.Results Of the 62 patients
studied (median age 41 years), only one was admitted to an intensive care unit, and
no patients died during the study. According to research, none of the infected
patients in Zhejiang province were ever exposed to the Huanan seafood market, the
original source of the virus; all studied cases were infected by human to human
transmission. The most common symptoms at onset of illness were fever in 48 (77%)
patients, cough in 50 (81%), expectoration in 35 (56%), headache in 21 (34%),
myalgia or fatigue in 32 (52%), diarrhoea in 3 (8%), and haemoptysis in 2 (3%).
Only two patients (3%) developed shortness of breath on admission. The median time
from exposure to onset of illness was 4 days (interquartile range 3-5 days), and
from onset of symptoms to first hospital admission was 2 (1-4) days.Conclusion As
of early February 2020, compared with patients initially infected with SARS-Cov-2
in Wuhan, the symptoms of patients in Zhejiang province are relatively mild.
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m606
SP - m606
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m606
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Open access epidemiological data from the COVID-19 outbreak
AU - Xu, Bo
AU - Kraemer, Moritz U. G.
AU - Gutierrez, Bernardo
AU - Mekaru, Sumiko
AU - Sewalk, Kara
AU - Loskill, Alyssa
AU - Wang, Lin
AU - Cohn, Emily
AU - Hill, Sarah
AU - Zarebski, Alexander
AU - Li, Sabrina
AU - Wu, Chieh-His
AU - Hulland, Erin
AU - Morgan, Julia
AU - Scarpino, Samuel
AU - Brownstein, John
AU - Pybus, Oliver
AU - Pigott, David
AU - Kraemer, Moritz
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30119-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus
(2019‐nCoV) in Wuhan, China
AU - Wang, Weier
AU - Tang, Jianming
AU - Wei, Fangqiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - To help health workers and the public recognize and deal with the 2019 novel
coronavirus (2019‐nCoV) quickly, effectively, and calmly with an updated
understanding. A comprehensive search from Chinese and worldwide official websites
and announcements was performed between 1 December 2019 and 9:30 am 26 January 2020
(Beijing time). A latest summary of 2019‐nCoV and the current outbreak was
drawn. Up to 24 pm, 25 January 2020, a total of 1975 cases of 2019‐nCoV
infection were confirmed in mainland China with a total of 56 deaths having
occurred. The latest mortality was approximately 2.84% with a total of 2684 cases
still suspected. The China National Health Commission reported the details of the
first 17 deaths up to 24 pm, 22 January 2020. The deaths included 13 males and 4
females. The median age of the people who died was 75 (range 48‐89) years.
Fever (64.7%) and cough (52.9%) were the most common first symptoms among those who
died. The median number of days from the occurence of the first symptom to death
was 14.0 (range 6‐41) days, and it tended to be shorter among people aged 70
years or more (11.5 [range 6‐19] days) than those aged less than 70 years (20
[range 10‐41] days; P = .033). The 2019‐nCoV
infection is spreading and its incidence is increasing nationwide. The first deaths
occurred mostly in elderly people, among whom the disease might progress faster.
The public should still be cautious in dealing with the virus and pay more
attention to protecting the elderly people from the virus. <list style="bulleted"
compact="yes"> <listItem> The 2019‐nCoV infection is spreading and
its incidence is increasing nationwide. The first occurred deaths were majorly
elderly people who might have faster disease progression. Although the current
mortality is lower than that of the SARS‐CoV and the MERS‐CoV, it seems
that the 2019‐nCoV is very contagious. The public should still be cautious in
dealing with the virus and pay more attention to protecting the elderly people from
the virus.
PB -
CY -
VL - 92
IS - 4
PG - 441-447
SP - 441
EP - 447
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25689
UR -
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bpl/jmv/2020/00000092/00000004/art00008
https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25689
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Risk Management of COVID-19 by Universities in China
AU - Wang, Chuanyi
AU - Cheng, Zhe
AU - McAleer, Michael
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The rapid spread of new coronaviruses throughout China and the world in
2019–2020 has had a great impact on China’s economic and social
development. As the backbone of Chinese society, Chinese universities have made
significant contributions to emergency risk management. Such contributions have
been made primarily in the following areas: alumni resource collection, medical
rescue and emergency management, mental health maintenance, control of staff
mobility, and innovation in online education models. Through the support of these
methods, Chinese universities have played a positive role in the prevention and
control of the epidemic situation. However, they also face the problems of
alumni’s economic development difficulties, the risk of deadly infection to
medical rescue teams and health workers, infection of teachers and students, and
the unsatisfactory application of information technology in resolving the crisis.
In response to these risks and emergency problems, we propose some corresponding
solutions for public dissemination, including issues related to medical security,
emergency research, professional assistance, positive communication, and
hierarchical information-based teaching.
JO - Journal of Risk and Financial Management
PB -
CY -
VL - 13
IS - 2
PG - 36
SP - 36
EP -
AN - doi:10.3390/jrfm13020036
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Covid-19: a puzzle with many missing pieces
AU - Vetter, Pauline
AU - Eckerle, Isabella
AU - Kaiser, Laurent
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Better information on epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatments are urgent
prioritiesBy 15 February 2020, 51 800 cases of the novel coronavirus disease
(formerly known as 2019-nCoV and renamed covid-19), including more than 1600
deaths, had been confirmed in China, mainly in Hubei province. A further 526
laboratory confirmed cases have been reported across 25 other countries.1 As is
usual in the early phase of a disease outbreak, the alarm was raised as a result of
the most severe cases, and the first reports describe severe pneumonia in patients
admitted to hospital.2In a linked paper, Xu and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.m606)
report a case series of 62 patients (median age 41 years) admitted to hospital in
the Zhejiang province with laboratory confirmed infection with severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for covid-
19.3 All the patients presented with respiratory symptoms, fever or flu-like
illness, or both, and all had travelled to Wuhan or been in contact with a patient
with confirmed covid-19 while staying in Wuhan. All but one had radiologically
confirmed pneumonia, but only one patient was subsequently admitted to an intensive
care unit …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m627
SP - m627
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m627
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Abnormal Coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in
patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - Tang, Ning
AU - Li, Dengju
AU - Wang, Xiong
AU - Sun, Ziyong
PY -
PD -
N2 - Abstract Background In the recent outbreak of novel coronavirus infection in
Wuhan, China, significantly abnormal coagulation parameters in severe novel
coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) cases were a concern. Objectives To describe the
coagulation feature of patients with NCP. Methods Conventional coagulation results
and outcomes of consecutive 183 patients with confirmed NCP in Tongji hospital were
retrospectively analysed. Results The overall mortality was 11.5%, the non-
survivors revealed significantly higher D-dimer and fibrin degradation product
(FDP) levels, longer prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time
compared to survivors on admission (P<0.05). 71.4% of non-survivors and 0.6%
survivors met the criteria of disseminated intravascular coagulation during their
hospital stay. Conclusions The present study shows that abnormal coagulation
results, especially markedly elevated D-dimer and FDP are common in deaths with
NCP.
JO - Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1111/jth.14768
UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jth.14768
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Avoid stigmatizing names for 2019 novel coronavirus
AU - Shu, Lele
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL - 578
IS - 7795
PG - 363-363
SP - 363
EP - 363
AN - 32071450
DO - 10.1038/d41586-020-00458-x
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus and the race to distribute reliable diagnostics
AU - Sheridan, Cormac
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - International teams worked at speed to make tests for the virus available in
record time. International teams worked at speed to make tests for the virus
available in record time.
JO - Nature Biotechnology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41587-020-00002-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Asymptomatic cases in a family cluster with SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU - Pan, Xingfei
AU - Chen, Dexiong
AU - Xia, Yong
AU - Wu, Xinwei
AU - Li, Tangsheng
AU - Ou, Xueting
AU - Zhou, Liyang
AU - Liu, Jing
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30114-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Health protection guideline of mobile cabin hospitals during Novel
Coronavirus Pneumonia (NPC) outbreak
AU - Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Key Places, Protection
AU - Disinfection Technology Team, Chinese Center for Disease Control
AU - Prevention
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - This guideline is applicable to the health protection requirements of large
indoor stadiums which are reconstructed as treatment sites for the Novel
Coronavirus Pneumonia (NPC) patients with mild symptoms during the outbreak.
Focusing on the health emergency scenario of severe virus infectious diseases and
atypical places where NPC patients with mild symptom gather, from perspectives of
functional zones, hygiene facilities, personal protection, and management system,
health risk protection recommendations and countermeasures are comprehensively
proposed to mainly protect staffs and surrounding environment. The implementation
of this guideline will provide technique support for emergency requirements of
indoor stadiums reconstructed as mobile cabin hospitals.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E006-E006
SP - E006
EP - E006
AN - 32072919
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00121
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Health protection guideline of passenger transport stations and
transportation facilities during novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) outbreak
AU - Prevention
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - During the coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) outbreak, the transportation
industries are faced with the more burdensome tasks of outbreak prevention and
control as well as ensuring smooth transportation. It is important to organize
transportation in order to restore the order of production and life, ensure the
normal economic and social operation, and control the outbreak in the whole
society. From the perspective of health, this guideline puts forward technical
requirements on the operation management, personnel requirements and health
protection of passenger transportation places such as aviation, railway, subway,
bus, taxi, ship, etc., which reduces the impact of the NCP outbreak on the
transportation industry and personal health risks.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E007-E007
SP - E007
EP - E007
AN - 32072920
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00130
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Scientist decries ‘completely chaotic’ conditions on cruise ship Japan
quarantined after viral outbreak | Science | AAAS
AU - Normile, Dennis
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - SHARE Share on facebook 80 Share on twitter Share on linkedin Share on reddit
3 Share on mailto A port security officer at the Diamond Princess in Yokohama,
Japan’s port. Passengers who tested negative for the coronavirus began to leave the
cruise ship today. EUGENE HOSHIKO/AP Scientist decries ‘completely chaotic’
conditions on cruise ship Japan quarantined after viral outbreak By Dennis
NormileFeb. 19, 2020 , 2:45 PM A Japanese infectious disease specialist has harshly
criticized the way Japan’s government has handled the COVID-19 crisis aboard a
luxury cruise ship docked in Yokohama. Conditions on board the Diamond Princess
were “violating all infection control principles” and “completely chaotic,” the
scientist, Kentaro Iwata of Kobe University, said in a YouTube video posted on
Tuesday evening. His claims are inflaming an already intense debate over Japan’s
handling of the crisis. Scientists have also faulted the slow release of
epidemiological data about the ship that could help control efforts elsewhere.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/scientist-decries-completely-chaotic-
conditions-cruise-ship-japan-quarantined-after
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Virus against virus: a potential treatment for 2019-nCov (SARS-CoV-2) and
other RNA viruses
AU - Nguyen, Tuan M.
AU - Zhang, Yang
AU - Pandolfi, Pier Paolo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Cell Res
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1038/s41422-020-0290-0
SP - 10.1038/s41422
EP - 020
AN - 32071427
DO - 10.1038/s41422-020-0290-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronaviruses in animals and humans
AU - Ng, Lisa F. P.
AU - Hiscox, Julian A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Controlling outbreaks will require detailed knowledge of their biology and
behaviourCoronaviruses have been around for many years and were first discovered in
the 1960s. They include viruses contributing to the common cold (HCoV-229E) and a
variety of animal and avian coronaviruses, such as infectious bronchitis virus
(IBV), which infects poultry. Coronaviruses typically cause respiratory or
gastrointestinal illness, but strains of IBV have been shown to target the oviduct
in chickens, and others can cause severe kidney disease.Animal and avian
coronaviruses can have high mortality rates among infected animals and illustrate
the difficulties in developing vaccines. Similar to influenza viruses, despite many
decades of research there is no vaccine that protects against all strains of IBV
coronavirus. This is due in part to the continuously shifting diversity in the
virus spike glycoprotein, a major immunogenic target and hence a good vaccine
candidate for animal and human infections.During the mid-1990s these viruses were
described as the backwater of virology, since none caused serious disease in
humans. However, this changed in 2002-03 with …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m634
SP - m634
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m634
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Letter from China: covid-19 on the grapevine, on the internet, and in
commerce
AU - Mowbray, Heather
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In medically murky times in China, people are turning to rumour, hope, and
faith to protect themselves from the new coronavirus. In Beijing, Heather Mowbray
is hearing all sorts of stories about how to stop the virus—but scientific evidence
for the advice is woefully absentHere’s one example of the ideas floating around in
China. Radio Free Asia reported that a Tibetan man named Tse was encouraging people
to recite and forward a Buddhist prayer as a safeguard against the new coronavirus,
covid-19. He was arrested for his efforts. Spreading rumours can land you in jail
for seven years.Community imposed social isolation means that everyone has plenty
of time to read the latest news and advice online. Children have web based
schooling, and adults do their searches from the kitchen table. The news aggregator
Jinri Toutiao has leapt to the top of the app download list in the past month. …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m643
SP - m643
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m643
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Bat-borne viruses in Africa: a critical review
AU - Markotter, W.
AU - Coertse, J.
AU - De Vries, L.
AU - Geldenhuys, M.
AU - Mortlock, M.
PY -
PD -
N2 - Abstract In Africa, bat-borne zoonoses emerged in the past few decades
resulting in large outbreaks or just sporadic spillovers. In addition, hundreds of
more viruses are described without any information on zoonotic potential. We
discuss important characteristics of bats including bat biology, evolution,
distribution and ecology that not only make them unique among most mammals but also
contribute to their potential as viral reservoirs. The detection of a virus in bats
does not imply that spillover will occur and several biological, ecological and
anthropogenic factors play a role in such an event. We summarize and critically
analyse the current knowledge on African bats as reservoirs for corona-, filo-,
paramyxo- and lyssaviruses. We highlight that important information on
epidemiology, bat biology and ecology is often not available to make informed
decisions on zoonotic spillover potential. Even if knowledge gaps exist, it is
still important to recognize the role of bats in zoonotic disease outbreaks and
implement mitigation strategies to prevent exposure to infectious agents including
working safely with bats. Equally important is the crucial role of bats in various
ecosystem services. This necessitates a multidisciplinary One Health approach to
close knowledge gaps and ensure the development of responsible mitigation
strategies to not only minimize risk of infection but also ensure conservation of
the species.
JO - Journal of Zoology
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1111/jzo.12769
UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jzo.12769
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Defining the Epidemiology of Covid-19 — Studies Needed
AU - Lipsitch, Marc
AU - Swerdlow, David L.
AU - Finelli, Lyn
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1056/NEJMp2002125
UR - https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp2002125
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Traditional chinese medicine is a resource for drug discovery against 2019
novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
AU - Ling, Chang-quan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of Integrative Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2020.02.004
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The neglected health of international migrant workers in the COVID-19
epidemic
AU - Liem, Andrian
AU - Wang, Cheng
AU - Wariyanti, Yosa
AU - Latkin, Carl A.
AU - Hall, Brian J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30076-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential of large “first generation” human‐to‐human
transmission of 2019‐nCoV
AU - Li, Xingguang
AU - Zai, Junjie
AU - Wang, Xiaomei
AU - Li, Yi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - To investigate the genetic diversity, time origin, and evolutionary history
of the 2019‐nCoV outbreak in China and Thailand, a total of 12 genome
sequences of the virus with known sampling date (24 December 2019 and 13 January
2020) and geographic location (primarily Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China, but
also Bangkok, Thailand) were analyzed. Phylogenetic and likelihood‐mapping
analyses of these genome sequences were performed. On the basis of our results, the
star‐like signal and topology of 2019‐nCoV may be indicative of
potentially large “first generation” human‐to‐human virus
transmission. We estimated that 2019‐nCoV likely originated in Wuhan on 9
November 2019 (95% credible interval: 25 September 2019 and 19 December 2019), and
that Wuhan is the major hub for the spread of the 2019‐nCoV outbreak in China
and elsewhere. Our results could be useful for designing effective prevention
strategies for 2019‐nCoV in China and beyond. <list style="bulleted"
compact="yes"> <listItem> On the basis of our results in the present study,
the star‐like signal and topology of 2019‐nCoV may be indicative of
potentially large “first generation” human‐to‐human virus
transmission. We estimated that 2019‐nCoV likely originated in Wuhan on 9
November 2019 (95% Bayesian credible interval: 25 September 2019 and 19 December
2019). Future study should include comparative analyses of between‐host and
within‐host transmission of 2019‐nCOV, and finer scale epidemiology to
elucidate the transmission dynamics of different hosts through time and space.
However, we acknowledge that the estimates presented here relate only to a limited
number of 2019‐nCOV genome sequences and our results are estimated with some
uncertainty. Therefore, our conclusions should be considered preliminary and
explained with caution. Our results could be useful for designing effective
prevention strategies for 2019‐nCoV in China and beyond.
PB -
CY -
VL - 92
IS - 4
PG - 448-454
SP - 448
EP - 454
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25693
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Host Factors Affecting Generation of Immunity Against Porcine Epidemic
Diarrhea Virus in Pregnant and Lactating Swine and Passive Protection of Neonates
AU - Langel, Stephanie N.
AU - Wang, Qiuhong
AU - Vlasova, Anastasia N.
AU - Saif, Linda J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly virulent re-emerging
enteric coronavirus that causes acute diarrhea, dehydration, and up to 100%
mortality in neonatal suckling piglets. Despite this, a safe and effective PEDV
vaccine against highly virulent strains is unavailable, making PEDV prevention and
control challenging. Lactogenic immunity induced via the gut-mammary gland-
secretory IgA (sIgA) axis, remains the most promising and effective way to protect
suckling piglets from PEDV. Therefore, a successful PEDV vaccine must induce
protective maternal IgA antibodies that passively transfer into colostrum and milk.
Identifying variables that influence lymphocyte migration and IgA secretion during
gestation and lactation is imperative for designing maternal immunization
strategies that generate the highest amount of lactogenic immune protection against
PEDV in suckling piglets. Because pregnancy-associated immune alterations influence
viral pathogenesis and adaptive immune responses in many different species, a
better understanding of host immune responses to PEDV in pregnant swine may
translate into improved maternal immunization strategies against enteric pathogens
for multiple species. In this review, we discuss the role of host factors during
pregnancy on antiviral immunity and their implications for generating protective
lactogenic immunity in suckling neonates.
JO - Pathogens
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG - 130
SP - 130
EP -
AN - doi:10.3390/pathogens9020130
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Updates on Wuhan 2019 novel coronavirus epidemic
AU - Kofi Ayittey, Foster
AU - Kormla Ayittey, Matthew
AU - Bennita Chiwero, Nyasha
AU - Habib, Ahmed
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 92
IS - 4
PG - 403-407
SP - 403
EP - 407
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25695
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Four ways researchers are responding to the COVID-19 outbreak
AU - Keener, Amanda B.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - How did researchers react so quickly to the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic? Nature
Medicine has asked some key experts. How did researchers react so quickly to the
SARS-CoV-2 epidemic? Nature Medicine has asked some key experts.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41591-020-00002-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A distinct name is needed for the new coronavirus
AU - Jiang, Shibo
AU - Shi, Zhengli
AU - Shu, Yuelong
AU - Song, Jingdong
AU - Gao, George F.
AU - Tan, Wenjie
AU - Guo, Deyin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30419-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Cross‐species transmission of the newly identified coronavirus
2019‐nCoV
AU - Ji, Wei
AU - Wang, Wei
AU - Zhao, Xiaofang
AU - Zai, Junjie
AU - Li, Xingguang
PY - 2020
PD -
caused by a novel coronavirus designated 2019‐nCoV by the World Health
Organization, as determined by sequencing the viral RNA genome. Many initial
patients were exposed to wildlife animals at the Huanan seafood wholesale market,
where poultry, snake, bats, and other farm animals were also sold. To investigate
different animal species based on the 2019‐nCoV sequence. Results obtained
from our analyses suggest that the 2019‐nCoV may appear to be a recombinant
virus between the bat coronavirus and an origin‐unknown coronavirus. The
recombination may occurred within the viral spike glycoprotein, which recognizes a
cell surface receptor. Additionally, our findings suggest that 2019‐nCoV has
most similar genetic information with bat coronovirus and most similar codon usage
bias with snake. Taken together, our results suggest that homologous recombination
may occur and contribute to the 2019‐nCoV cross‐species transmission.
<list style="bulleted" compact="yes"> <listItem> Taken together, our
results suggest that homologous recombination may occur and contribute to the
2019‐nCoV cross‐species transmission.
PB -
CY -
VL - 92
IS - 4
PG - 433-440
SP - 433
EP - 440
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25682
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Taiwan: Reports of two cases
from Wuhan, China
AU - Huang, Wei-Hsuan
AU - Teng, Ling-Chiao
AU - Yeh, Ting-Kuang
AU - Chen, Yu-Jen
AU - Lo, Wei-Jung
AU - Wu, Ming-Ju
AU - Chin, Chun-Shih
AU - Tsan, Yu-Tse
AU - Lin, Tzu-Chieh
AU - Chai, Jyh-Wen
AU - Lin, Chin-Fu
AU - Tseng, Chien-Hao
AU - Liu, Chia-Wei
AU - Wu, Chi-Mei
AU - Chen, Po-Yen
AU - Shi, Zhi-Yuan
AU - Liu, Po-Yu
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - We reported two cases with community-acquired pneumonia caused by severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) who returned from Wuhan,
China in January, 2020. The reported cases highlight non-specific clinical
presentations of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as well as the
importance of rapid laboratory-based diagnosis.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Frontiers in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy
AU - Heaton, Steven M
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Clinical & Translational Immunology
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG - e1115
SP - e1115
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/cti2.1115
UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/cti2.1115
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - First Atypical case of 2019 novel coronavirus in Yan'an, China
AU - Hao, Wendong
AU - Li, Manxiang
AU - Huang, Xiaoqi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.02.011
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The course of clinical diagnosis and treatment of a case infected with
coronavirus disease 2019
AU - Han, Wenzheng
AU - Quan, Bin
AU - Guo, Wei
AU - Zhang, Jun
AU - Lu, Yong
AU - Feng, Gang
AU - Wu, Qiwen
AU - Fang, Fang
AU - Cheng, Long
AU - Jiao, Nanlin
AU - Li, Xiaoning
AU - Chen, Qing
PY -
PD -
N2 - Abstract A pneumonia outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was first identified in Wuhan, present a major
threat to public health since December 2019. There are more than 50,000 confirmed
cases and 1300 dead cases worldwide for the past month or more, because of the
occurrence of a highly contagious performance. Patients had clinical manifestations
of fever, cough, shortness of breath, diarrhea, vomiting and so on. We herein
report a case of SARS-CoV-2, describe the epidemic history, clinical diagnosis and
the changes of clinical parameters during the combination therapy. This article is
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25711
UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jmv.25711
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Antibodies to Coronaviruses Are Higher in Older Compared with Younger Adults
and Binding Antibodies Are More Sensitive than Neutralizing Antibodies in
Identifying Coronavirus-Associated Illnesses
AU - Gorse, Geoffrey J.
AU - Donovan, Mary M.
AU - Patel, Gira B.
PY -
PD -
N2 - ABSTRACT Problem Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are common causes of respiratory
illnesses (RI) despite pre-existing humoral immunity. Methods Sera were obtained
near onset of RI and 3 to 4 weeks later as part of a prospective study of 200
subjects evaluated for RI from 2009 to 2013. Antibodies against common HCoV strains
were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and neutralization assay
comparing older adults with cardiopulmonary diseases (99 subjects) to younger,
healthy adults (101 subjects). Virus shedding was detected in respiratory
secretions by polymerase chain reaction. Results Of 43 HCoV-associated illnesses,
15 (35%) occurred in 14 older adults (aged ≥ 60 years) and 28 (65%) in 28 younger
adults (aged 21 to 40 years). Binding and neutralizing antibodies were higher in
older adults. Only 16 (35.7%) of RI with increases in binding antibodies also had
increases in neutralizing antibodies to HCoV. Increases in binding antibodies with
RI were more frequent than increased neutralizing antibodies and virus shedding,
and more frequent in younger compared to older adults. Conclusions Functional
neutralizing antibodies were not stimulated as often as binding antibodies,
explaining in part a susceptibility to reinfection with HCoV. Monitoring binding
antibodies may be more sensitive for serologic detection of HCoV infections. This
article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25715
UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jmv.25715
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Rigidity of the Outer Shell Predicted by a Protein Intrinsic Disorder Model
Sheds Light on the COVID-19 (Wuhan-2019-nCoV) Infectivity
AU - Goh, Gerard Kian-Meng
AU - Dunker, A. Keith
AU - Foster, James A.
AU - Uversky, Vladimir N.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The world is currently witnessing an outbreak of a new coronavirus spreading
quickly across China and affecting at least 24 other countries. With almost 65,000
infected, a worldwide death toll of at least 1370 (as of 14 February 2020), and
with the potential to affect up to two-thirds of the world population, COVID-19 is
considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be a global health emergency.
The speed of spread and infectivity of COVID-19 (also known as Wuhan-2019-nCoV) are
dramatically exceeding those of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
(MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). In fact,
since September 2012, the WHO has been notified of 2494 laboratory-confirmed cases
of infection with MERS-CoV, whereas the 2002–2003 epidemic of SARS affected
26 countries and resulted in more than 8000 cases. Therefore, although SARS, MERS,
and COVID-19 are all the result of coronaviral infections, the causes of the
coronaviruses differ dramatically in their transmissibility. It is likely that
these differences in infectivity of coronaviruses can be attributed to the
differences in the rigidity of their shells which can be evaluated using
computational tools for predicting intrinsic disorder predisposition of the
corresponding viral proteins.
JO - Biomolecules
PB -
CY -
VL - 10
IS - 2
PG - 331
SP - 331
EP -
AN - doi:10.3390/biom10020331
DO -
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/2/331
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Sensitivity of Chest CT for COVID-19: Comparison to RT-PCR
AU - Fang, Yicheng
AU - Zhang, Huangqi
AU - Xie, Jicheng
AU - Lin, Minjie
AU - Ying, Lingjun
AU - Pang, Peipei
AU - Ji, Wenbin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200432-200432
SP - 200432
EP - 200432
AN - 32073353
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200432
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Changes of CT Findings in a 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia
patient
AU - Fang, Xin
AU - Zhao, Ming
AU - Li, Shuang
AU - Yang, Lanqing
AU - Wu, Bing
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - QJM
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - hcaa038
SP - hcaa038
EP -
AN - 32073631
DO - 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa038
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Latest updates on COVID-19 from the European Centre for Disease Prevention
and Control
AU - Eurosurveillance Editorial, Team
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Euro Surveill
PB -
CY -
VL - 25
IS - 6
PG - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.6.2002131
SP - 10.2807/1560
EP - 7917.ES.2020.25.6.2002131
AN - 32070466
DO - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.6.2002131
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - What did we learn from Tamiflu?
AU - Dyer, Owen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Ten years after questions were first raised over its effectiveness, Owen Dyer
charts the fortunes of this blockbuster pill and finds that lack of evidence has
not dented its successGovernments cannot calm earthquakes, bottle up volcanoes, or
hold back tsunamis—they may not even be able to put out wildfires—but one disaster
they do claim to have power over is a flu epidemic. Since the first pandemic scare
of this century, H5N1 avian influenza in 2004 (see timeline, box 1), governments
have been stockpiling the neuraminidase inhibitors zanamivir (Relenza) and
especially oseltamivir (Tamiflu), in vast quantities.Box 1 Oseltamivir and pandemic
flu preparedness—key events 2003—US adds oseltamivir to its strategic national
stockpile2004—First outbreak of H5N1 avian flu in humans2005—UK announces it will
stockpile 14 million doses of oseltamivir2006—Cochrane review concludes that
oseltamivir reduces complications and symptoms in seasonal flu2009—H1N1 swine flu
pandemic declared by WHO2009—The BMJ publishes critical Cochrane update review of
oseltamivir2011—FOI request results in European Medicines Agency releasing 20 000
pages of oseltamivir data2013—GSK and Roche release trial data on zanamivir and
oseltamivir2014—Cochrane review finds insufficient evidence that oseltamivir
reduces lower respiratory complications or impedes transmission2016—Generic
formulations of oseltamivir become available2017—WHO downgrades status of
oseltamivir2020—Cochrane team member Thomas Jefferson sues Roche in US for
wrongfully billing public health authorities for oseltamivir as a pandemic response
drugRETURN TO TEXTThe UK, the US, and many other countries hold enough stocks of
these antivirals to offer courses of treatment to a quarter of their population.
The practice is almost ubiquitous in rich countries. Of 28 European states that
have published a pandemic response plan, all but one (Poland) make oseltamivir the
mainstay of their response until a vaccine can be developed.In the public mind, and
the minds of politicians, the flu pandemic problem is one that has …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m626
SP - m626
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m626
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic
AU - Duan, Li
AU - Zhu, Gang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30073-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time
AU - Dong, Ensheng
AU - Du, Hongru
AU - Gardner, Lauren
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30120-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Scientists ‘strongly condemn’ rumors and conspiracy theories about origin of
coronavirus outbreak | Science | AAAS
AU - Cohen, Jon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A group of 27 prominent public health scientists from outside China is
pushing back against a steady stream of stories and even a scientific paper
suggesting a laboratory in Wuhan, China, may be the origin of the outbreak of
COVID-19. “The rapid, open, and transparent sharing of data on this outbreak is now
being threatened by rumours and misinformation around its origins,” the scientists,
from nine countries, write in a statement published online by The Lancet yesterday
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/scientists-strongly-condemn-rumors-
and-conspiracy-theories-about-origin-coronavirus
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Statement in support of the scientists, public health professionals, and
medical professionals of China combatting COVID-19
AU - Calisher, Charles
AU - Carroll, Dennis
AU - Colwell, Rita
AU - Corley, Ronald B.
AU - Daszak, Peter
AU - Enjuanes, Luis
AU - Farrar, Jeremy
AU - Field, Hume
AU - Golding, Josie
AU - Gorbalenya, Alexander
AU - Haagmans, Bart
AU - Hughes, James M.
AU - Karesh, William B.
AU - Keusch, Gerald T.
AU - Lam, Sai Kit
AU - Lubroth, Juan
AU - Mackenzie, John S.
AU - Madoff, Larry
AU - Mazet, Jonna
AU - Palese, Peter
AU - Perlman, Stanley
AU - Poon, Leo
AU - Roizman, Bernard
AU - Saif, Linda
AU - Subbarao, Kanta
AU - Turner, Mike
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30418-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Antivirals in medical biodefense
AU - Bugert, J. J.
AU - Hucke, F.
AU - Zanetta, P.
AU - Bassetto, M.
AU - Brancale, A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The viruses historically implicated or currently considered as candidates for
misuse in bioterrorist events are poxviruses, filoviruses, bunyaviruses,
orthomyxoviruses, paramyxoviruses and a number of arboviruses causing encephalitis,
including alpha- and flaviviruses. All these viruses are of concern for public
health services when they occur in natural outbreaks or emerge in unvaccinated
populations. Recent events and intelligence reports point to a growing risk of
dangerous biological agents being used for nefarious purposes. Public health
responses effective in natural outbreaks of infectious disease may not be
sufficient to deal with the severe consequences of a deliberate release of such
agents. One important aspect of countermeasures against viral biothreat agents are
the antiviral treatment options available for use in post-exposure prophylaxis.
These issues were adressed by the organizers of the 16th Medical Biodefense
Conference, held in Munich in 2018, in a special session on the development of
drugs to treat infections with viruses currently perceived as a threat to societies
or associated with a potential for misuse as biothreat agents. This review will
outline the state-of-the-art methods in antivirals research discussed and provide
an overview of antiviral compounds in the pipeline that are already approved for
use or still under development.
JO - Virus Genes
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s11262-020-01737-5
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-020-01737-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Risk Assessment of Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 Outbreaks Outside China
AU - Boldog, Péter
AU - Tekeli, Tamás
AU - Vizi, Zsolt
AU - Dénes, Attila
AU - Bartha, Ferenc A.
AU - Röst, Gergely
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - We developed a computational tool to assess the risks of novel coronavirus
outbreaks outside of China. We estimate the dependence of the risk of a major
outbreak in a country from imported cases on key parameters such as: (i) the
evolution of the cumulative number of cases in mainland China outside the closed
areas; (ii) the connectivity of the destination country with China, including
baseline travel frequencies, the effect of travel restrictions, and the efficacy of
entry screening at destination; and (iii) the efficacy of control measures in the
destination country (expressed by the local reproduction number R loc ). We found
that in countries with low connectivity to China but with relatively high R loc ,
the most beneficial control measure to reduce the risk of outbreaks is a further
reduction in their importation number either by entry screening or travel
restrictions. Countries with high connectivity but low R loc benefit the most from
policies that further reduce R loc . Countries in the middle should consider a
combination of such policies. Risk assessments were illustrated for selected groups
of countries from America, Asia, and Europe. We investigated how their risks depend
on those parameters, and how the risk is increasing in time as the number of cases
in China is growing.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG - 571
SP - 571
EP -
AN - doi:10.3390/jcm9020571
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The 2019‐new coronavirus epidemic: Evidence for virus evolution
AU - Spoto, Silvia
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - There is a worldwide concern about the new coronavirus 2019‐nCoV as a
global public health threat. In this article, we provide a preliminary evolutionary
and molecular epidemiological analysis of this new virus. A phylogenetic tree has
been built using the 15 available whole genome sequences of 2019‐nCoV, 12
whole genome sequences of 2019‐nCoV, and 12 highly similar whole genome
sequences available in gene bank (five from the severe acute respiratory syndrome,
two from Middle East respiratory syndrome, and five from bat SARS‐like
coronavirus). Fast unconstrained Bayesian approximation analysis shows that the
nucleocapsid and the spike glycoprotein have some sites under positive pressure,
whereas homology modeling revealed some molecular and structural differences
between the viruses. The phylogenetic tree showed that 2019‐nCoV
significantly clustered with bat SARS‐like coronavirus sequence isolated in
2015, whereas structural analysis revealed mutation in Spike Glycoprotein and
nucleocapsid protein. From these results, the new 2019‐nCoV is distinct from
SARS virus, probably trasmitted from bats after mutation conferring ability to
infect humans. <list style="bulleted" compact="yes"> <listItem> An epidemic
by a new Coronavirus, the 2019‐nCoV is worrying worldwide. The epdiemic
originated in Wuhan, China causing severe infections in some cases. The infection
probably originated in bats. A mutation in the viral spike glycoprotein could have
favured the cross‐sepcies tramsnimssion from bats to human.
PB -
CY -
VL - 92
IS - 4
PG - 455-459
SP - 455
EP - 459
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25688
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: What We Know and What We Don’t
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Cell
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.027
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Preparedness and vulnerability of African countries against importations of
COVID-19: a modelling study
AU - Marius Gilbert, Giulia Pullano, Francesco Pinotti, Eugenio Valdano, Chiara
Poletto, Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Eric D’Ortenzio, Yazdan Yazdanpanah,
AU - Serge Paul Eholie, Mathias Altmann, Bernardo Gutierrez, Moritz U G Kraemer,
Vittoria Colizza
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS - S0140-6736(20)30411-6
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/
UR - https://www.thelancet.com/pb-assets/Lancet/pdfs/S0140673620304116.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Fatal swine acute diarrhoea syndrome caused by an HKU2-related coronavirus of
bat origin
AU - Zhou, Peng
AU - Fan, Hang
AU - Lan, Tian
AU - Yang, Xing-Lou
AU - Shi, Wei-Feng
AU - Zhang, Wei
AU - Zhu, Yan
AU - Zhang, Ya-Wei
AU - Xie, Qing-Mei
AU - Mani, Shailendra
AU - Li, Bei
AU - Li, Jin-Man
AU - Guo, Hua
AU - Pei, Guang-Qian
AU - An, Xiao-Ping
AU - Chen, Jun-Wei
AU - Zhou, Ling
AU - Mai, Kai-Jie
AU - Wu, Zi-Xian
AU - Li, Di
AU - Zhang, Li-Biao
AU - Li, Shi-Yue
AU - Mi, Zhi-Qiang
AU - He, Tong-Tong
AU - Cong, Feng
AU - Guo, Peng-Ju
AU - Huang, Ren
AU - Luo, Yun
AU - Liu, Xiang-Ling
AU - Chen, Jing
AU - Huang, Yong
AU - Sun, Qiang
AU - Zhang, Xiang-Li-Lan
AU - Wang, Yuan-Yuan
AU - Xing, Shao-Zhen
AU - Chen, Yan-Shan
AU - Sun, Yuan
AU - Li, Juan
AU - Daszak, Peter
AU - Wang, Lin-Fa
AU - Shi, Zheng-Li
AU - Tong, Yi-Gang
AU - Ma, Jing-Yun
PY - 2018
PD -
N2 - Cross-species transmission of viruses from wildlife animal reservoirs poses a
marked threat to human and animal health (1) . Bats have been recognized as one of
the most important reservoirs for emerging viruses and the transmission of a
coronavirus that originated in bats to humans via intermediate hosts was
responsible for the high-impact emerging zoonosis, severe acute respiratory
syndrome (SARS) (2-10) . Here we provide virological, epidemiological, evolutionary
and experimental evidence that a novel HKU2-related bat coronavirus, swine acute
diarrhoea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), is the aetiological agent that was
responsible for a large-scale outbreak of fatal disease in pigs in China that has
caused the death of 24,693 piglets across four farms. Notably, the outbreak began
in Guangdong province in the vicinity of the origin of the SARS pandemic.
Furthermore, we identified SADS-related CoVs with 96-98% sequence identity in 9.8%
(58 out of 591) of anal swabs collected from bats in Guangdong province during
2013-2016, predominantly in horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus spp.) that are known
reservoirs of SARS-related CoVs. We found that there were striking similarities
between the SADS and SARS outbreaks in geographical, temporal, ecological and
aetiological settings. This study highlights the importance of identifying
coronavirus diversity and distribution in bats to mitigate future outbreaks that
could threaten livestock, public health and economic growth.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL - 556
IS - 7700
PG - 255-258
SP - 255
EP - 258
AN - 29618817
DO - 10.1038/s41586-018-0010-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The basic reproduction number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) estimation
based on exponential growth in the early outbreak in China from 2019 to 2020: A
reply to Dhungana
AU - Zhao, Shi
AU - Lin, Qianyin
AU - Ran, Jinjun
AU - Yang, Guangpu
AU - Wang, Weiming
AU - Lou, Yijun
AU - Gao, Daozhou
AU - Yang, Lin
AU - He, Daihai
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - In silico screening of Chinese herbal medicines with the potential to
directly inhibit 2019 novel coronavirus
AU - Zhang, Deng-hai
AU - Wu, Kun-lun
AU - Zhang, Xue
AU - Deng, Sheng-qiong
AU - Peng, Bin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective In this study we execute a rational screen to identify Chinese
medical herbs that are commonly used in treating viral respiratory infections and
also contain compounds that might directly inhibit 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-
nCoV), an ongoing novel coronavirus that causes pneumonia. Methods There were two
main steps in the screening process. In the first step we conducted a literature
search for natural compounds that had been biologically confirmed as against sever
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus or Middle East respiratory syndrome
coronavirus. Resulting compounds were cross-checked for listing in the Traditional
Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database. Compounds meeting both requirements
were subjected to absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME)
evaluation to verify that oral administration would be effective. Next, a docking
analysis was used to test whether the compound had the potential for direct 2019-
nCoV interaction. In the second step we searched Chinese herbal databases to
identify treatments containing the selected compounds. Plants containing 2 or more
of the compounds identified in our screen were then checked against the catalogue
for classic herbal usage. Finally, network pharmacology analysis was used to
predict the general in vivo effects of each selected herb. Results Of the natural
compounds screened, 13 that exist in traditional Chinese medicines were also found
to have potential anti-2019-nCoV activity. Further, 125 Chinese herbs were found to
contain 2 or more of these 13 compounds. Of these 125 herbs, 26 are classically
catalogued as treating viral respiratory infections. Network pharmacology analysis
predicted that the general in vivo roles of these 26 treatments were related to
regulating viral infection, immune/inflammation reactions and hypoxia response.
Conclusion Chinese herbal treatments classically used for treating viral
respiratory infection might contain direct anti-2019-nCoV compounds.
JO - Journal of Integrative Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2020.02.005
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia
AU - Zaki, Ali M.
AU - van Boheemen, Sander
AU - Bestebroer, Theo M.
AU - Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.
AU - Fouchier, Ron A. M.
PY - 2012
PD -
N2 - A previously unknown coronavirus was isolated from the sputum of a 60-year-
old man who presented with acute pneumonia and subsequent renal failure with a
fatal outcome in Saudi Arabia. The virus (called HCoV-EMC) replicated readily in
cell culture, producing cytopathic effects of rounding, detachment, and syncytium
formation. The virus represents a novel betacoronavirus species. The closest known
relatives are bat coronaviruses HKU4 and HKU5. Here, the clinical data, virus
isolation, and molecular identification are presented. The clinical picture was
remarkably similar to that of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak
in 2003 and reminds us that animal coronaviruses can cause severe disease in
humans.
JO - N Engl J Med
PB -
CY -
VL - 367
IS - 19
PG - 1814-1820
SP - 1814
EP - 1820
AN - 23075143
DO - 10.1056/NEJMoa1211721
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins reveal the
dynamic receptor binding domains
AU - Yuan, Yuan
AU - Cao, Duanfang
AU - Zhang, Yanfang
AU - Ma, Jun
AU - Qi, Jianxun
AU - Wang, Qihui
AU - Lu, Guangwen
AU - Wu, Ying
AU - Yan, Jinghua
AU - Shi, Yi
AU - Zhang, Xinzheng
AU - Gao, George F.
PY - 2017
PD -
N2 - The envelope spike (S) proteins of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV determine the virus
host tropism and entry into host cells, and constitute a promising target for the
development of prophylactics and therapeutics. Here, we present high-resolution
structures of the trimeric MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV S proteins in its pre-fusion
conformation by single particle cryo-electron microscopy. The overall structures
resemble that from other coronaviruses including HKU1, MHV and NL63 reported
recently, with the exception of the receptor binding domain (RBD). We captured two
states of the RBD with receptor binding region either buried (lying state) or
exposed (standing state), demonstrating an inherently flexible RBD readily
recognized by the receptor. Further sequence conservation analysis of six human-
infecting coronaviruses revealed that the fusion peptide, HR1 region and the
central helix are potential targets for eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies.
JO - Nat Commun
PB -
CY -
VL - 8
IS -
PG - 15092-15092
SP - 15092
EP - 15092
AN - 28393837
DO - 10.1038/ncomms15092
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5394239/
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - MERS, SARS and other coronaviruses as causes of pneumonia
AU - Yin, Yudong
AU - Wunderink, Richard G.
PY - 2018
PD -
N2 - Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) have been considered to be relatively harmless
respiratory pathogens in the past. However, after the outbreak of the severe acute
respiratory syndrome (SARS) and emergence of the Middle East respiratory syndrome
(MERS), HCoVs have received worldwide attention as important pathogens in
respiratory tract infection. This review focuses on the epidemiology, pathogenesis
and clinical characteristics among SARS-coronaviruses (CoV), MERS-CoV and other
HCoV infections.
JO - Respirology
PB -
CY -
VL - 23
IS - 2
PG - 130-137
SP - 130
EP - 137
AN - 29052924
DO - 10.1111/resp.13196
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19 in Singapore—Current Experience: Critical Global Issues That Require
Attention and Action
AU - Wong, John E. L.
AU - Leo, Yee Sin
AU - Tan, Chorh Chuan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On December 31, 2019, China informed the World Health Organization of a novel
viral pneumonia in the city of Wuhan, in Hubei Province. Singapore is an
independent city-state 3400 km (2125 miles) from Wuhan, but as a major air hub had
an average of 330 000 visitor arrivals from China each month in 2019. On January 2,
2020, Singapore’s Ministry of Health alerted all physicians to identify any patient
with pneumonia and a recent travel history to Wuhan. On January 3, Singapore
started temperature screening at its airport of all travelers arriving from Wuhan.
Researchers in China identified a novel coronavirus as the causative agent on
January 9, the genetic sequence was released on January 12, and human transmission
to health care workers was confirmed on January 20.
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.2467
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19: fighting panic with information
AU - The, Lancet
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10224
PG - 537
SP - 537
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30379-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Early epidemiological analysis of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak based
on crowdsourced data: a population-level observational study
AU - Sun, Kaiyuan
AU - Chen, Jenny
AU - Viboud, Cécile
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Summary Background As the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
progresses, epidemiological data are needed to guide situational awareness and
intervention strategies. Here we describe efforts to compile and disseminate
epidemiological information on COVID-19 from news media and social networks.
Methods In this population-level observational study, we searched DXY.cn, a health-
care-oriented social network that is currently streaming news reports on COVID-19
from local and national Chinese health agencies. We compiled a list of individual
patients with COVID-19 and daily province-level case counts between Jan 13 and Jan
31, 2020, in China. We also compiled a list of internationally exported cases of
COVID-19 from global news media sources (Kyodo News, The Straits Times, and CNN),
national governments, and health authorities. We assessed trends in the
epidemiology of COVID-19 and studied the outbreak progression across China,
assessing delays between symptom onset, seeking care at a hospital or clinic, and
reporting, before and after Jan 18, 2020, as awareness of the outbreak increased.
All data were made publicly available in real time. Findings We collected data for
507 patients with COVID-19 reported between Jan 13 and Jan 31, 2020, including 364
from mainland China and 143 from outside of China. 281 (55%) patients were male and
the median age was 46 years (IQR 35–60). Few patients (13 [3%]) were younger than
15 years and the age profile of Chinese patients adjusted for baseline demographics
confirmed a deficit of infections among children. Across the analysed period,
delays between symptom onset and seeking care at a hospital or clinic were longer
in Hubei province than in other provinces in mainland China and internationally. In
mainland China, these delays decreased from 5 days before Jan 18, 2020, to 2 days
thereafter until Jan 31, 2020 (p=0·0009). Although our sample captures only 507
(5·2%) of 9826 patients with COVID-19 reported by official sources during the
analysed period, our data align with an official report published by Chinese
authorities on Jan 28, 2020. Interpretation News reports and social media can help
reconstruct the progression of an outbreak and provide detailed patient-level data
in the context of a health emergency. The availability of a central physician-
oriented social network facilitated the compilation of publicly available COVID-19
data in China. As the outbreak progresses, social media and news reports will
probably capture a diminishing fraction of COVID-19 cases globally due to reporting
fatigue and overwhelmed health-care systems. In the early stages of an outbreak,
availability of public datasets is important to encourage analytical efforts by
independent teams and provide robust evidence to guide interventions. Funding
Fogarty International Center, US National Institutes of Health.
JO - The Lancet Digital Health
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30026-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus envelope protein: current knowledge
AU - Schoeman, Dewald
AU - Fielding, Burtram C.
PY - 2019
PD -
N2 - BACKGROUND: Coronaviruses (CoVs) primarily cause enzootic infections in birds
and mammals but, in the last few decades, have shown to be capable of infecting
humans as well. The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003
and, more recently, Middle-East respiratory syndrome (MERS) has demonstrated the
lethality of CoVs when they cross the species barrier and infect humans. A renewed
interest in coronaviral research has led to the discovery of several novel human
CoVs and since then much progress has been made in understanding the CoV life
cycle. The CoV envelope (E) protein is a small, integral membrane protein involved
in several aspects of the virus' life cycle, such as assembly, budding, envelope
formation, and pathogenesis. Recent studies have expanded on its structural motifs
and topology, its functions as an ion-channelling viroporin, and its interactions
with both other CoV proteins and host cell proteins. MAIN BODY: This review aims to
establish the current knowledge on CoV E by highlighting the recent progress that
has been made and comparing it to previous knowledge. It also compares E to other
viral proteins of a similar nature to speculate the relevance of these new
findings. Good progress has been made but much still remains unknown and this
review has identified some gaps in the current knowledge and made suggestions for
consideration in future research. CONCLUSIONS: The most progress has been made on
SARS-CoV E, highlighting specific structural requirements for its functions in the
CoV life cycle as well as mechanisms behind its pathogenesis. Data shows that E is
involved in critical aspects of the viral life cycle and that CoVs lacking E make
promising vaccine candidates. The high mortality rate of certain CoVs, along with
their ease of transmission, underpins the need for more research into CoV molecular
biology which can aid in the production of effective anti-coronaviral agents for
both human CoVs and enzootic CoVs.
JO - Virol J
PB -
CY -
VL - 16
IS - 1
PG - 69-69
SP - 69
EP - 69
AN - 31133031
DO - 10.1186/s12985-019-1182-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Another coronavirus, another epidemic, another warning
AU - Poland, Gregory A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Vaccine
PB -
CY -
VL - 38
IS - 10
PG - v-vi
SP - v
EP - vi
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.02.039
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Lessons learned from the 2019-nCoV epidemic on prevention of future
infectious diseases
AU - Pan, Xingchen
AU - Ojcius, David M.
AU - Gao, Tianyue
AU - Li, Zhongsheng
AU - Pan, Chunhua
AU - Pan, Chungen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Only a month after the outbreak of pneumonia caused by 2019-nCoV, more than
forty-thousand people were infected. This put enormous pressure on the Chinese
government, medical healthcare provider, and the general public, but also made the
international community deeply nervous. On the 25th day after the outbreak, the
Chinese government implemented strict traffic restrictions on the area where the
2019-nCoV had originated—Hubei province, whose capital city is Wuhan. Ten days
later, the rate of increase of cases in Hubei showed a significant difference (p =
0.0001) compared with the total rate of increase in other provinces of China. These
preliminary data suggest the effectiveness of a traffic restriction policy for this
pandemic thus far. At the same time, solid financial support and improved research
ability, along with network communication technology, also greatly facilitated the
application of epidemic prevention measures. These measures were motivated by the
need to provide effective treatment of patients, and involved consultation with
three major groups in policy formulation—public health experts, the government, and
the general public. It was also aided by media and information technology, as well
as international cooperation. This experience will provide China and other
countries with valuable lessons for quickly coordinating and coping with future
public health emergencies.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Four ways researchers are responding to the COVID-19 outbreak
AU - Nature
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - How did researchers react so quickly to the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic? Nature
Medicine has asked some key experts.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/d41591-020-00002-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus and the race to distribute reliable diagnostics
AU - Nature
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - International teams worked at speed to make tests for the virus available in
record time. The medical community is rallying to develop a set of rapid and
reliable molecular diagnostic tests for the new human coronavirus that appeared in
China — now dubbed sudden acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/d41587-020-00002-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Prevent and predict
AU - Nature
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As the COVID-19 outbreak continues, the next pandemic could be prevented by
ending the wildlife trade and reinvesting in the monitoring of potential zoonoses.
JO - Nature Ecology & Evolution
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-020-1150-5
UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-020-1150-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Scientists question China’s decision not to report symptom-free coronavirus
cases
AU - Nature
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Researchers say that excluding these people could conceal the epidemic’s true
extent, but others say the practice makes sense. Researchers are concerned that
China’s official reports on the number of coronavirus infections have not been
including people who have tested positive for the virus but who have no symptoms.
They fear the practice is masking the epidemic’s true scale. But public health
experts say China is right to prioritize tracking sick patients who are spreading
the disease.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus latest: death toll passes 2,000
AU - Nature
PY - 2020
PD -
people. Scientists are concerned about a new virus that has infected tens of
thousands of people and killed more than 2,000. The virus, which emerged in the
Chinese city of Wuhan in December, is a coronavirus and belongs to the same family
as the pathogen that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS. It causes a
respiratory illness called COVID-19, which can spread from person to person.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for
human emergence
AU - Menachery, Vineet D.
AU - Yount, Boyd L., Jr.
AU - Debbink, Kari
AU - Agnihothram, Sudhakar
AU - Gralinski, Lisa E.
AU - Plante, Jessica A.
AU - Graham, Rachel L.
AU - Scobey, Trevor
AU - Ge, Xing-Yi
AU - Donaldson, Eric F.
AU - Randell, Scott H.
AU - Lanzavecchia, Antonio
AU - Marasco, Wayne A.
AU - Shi, Zhengli-Li
PY - 2015
PD -
N2 - The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV underscores the threat of cross-species
transmission events leading to outbreaks in humans. Here we examine the disease
potential of a SARS-like virus, SHC014-CoV, which is currently circulating in
Chinese horseshoe bat populations. Using the SARS-CoV reverse genetics system, we
generated and characterized a chimeric virus expressing the spike of bat
coronavirus SHC014 in a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV backbone. The results indicate that
group 2b viruses encoding the SHC014 spike in a wild-type backbone can efficiently
use multiple orthologs of the SARS receptor human angiotensin converting enzyme II
(ACE2), replicate efficiently in primary human airway cells and achieve in vitro
titers equivalent to epidemic strains of SARS-CoV. Additionally, in vivo
experiments demonstrate replication of the chimeric virus in mouse lung with
notable pathogenesis. Evaluation of available SARS-based immune-therapeutic and
prophylactic modalities revealed poor efficacy; both monoclonal antibody and
vaccine approaches failed to neutralize and protect from infection with CoVs using
the novel spike protein. On the basis of these findings, we synthetically re-
derived an infectious full-length SHC014 recombinant virus and demonstrate robust
viral replication both in vitro and in vivo. Our work suggests a potential risk of
SARS-CoV re-emergence from viruses currently circulating in bat populations.
JO - Nat Med
PB -
CY -
VL - 21
IS - 12
PG - 1508-1513
SP - 1508
EP - 1513
AN - 26552008
DO - 10.1038/nm.3985
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19 and artificial intelligence: protecting health-care workers and
curbing the spread
AU - McCall, Becky
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30054-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus: Wales tests 90% of suspected patients in their own home
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Wales has managed to test 90% of people suspected of being infected with
novel coronavirus in their own homes, after implementing community testing for
covid-19.Vaughan Gething, minister for health and social services in Wales,
credited the NHS with making the process “as convenient as possible for people
whilst also protecting our ambulance and hospital resources for those who need it
most.”More than 100 people had been tested in Wales as of 13 February, with no
positive cases. Around the UK, nine …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m698
SP - m698
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m698
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19: a critical care perspective informed by lessons learnt from other
viral epidemics
AU - Ling, Lowell
AU - Joynt, Gavin M.
AU - Lipman, Jeff
AU - Constantin, Jean-Michel
AU - Joannes-Boyau, Olivier
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accpm.2020.02.002
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The epidemic of 2019-novel-coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia and insights for
emerging infectious diseases in the future
AU - Li, Jin-Yan
AU - You, Zhi
AU - Wang, Qiong
AU - Zhou, Zhi-Jian
AU - Qiu, Ye
AU - Luo, Rui
AU - Ge, Xing-Yi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - At the end of December 2019, a novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, caused an
outbreak of pneumonia spreading from Wuhan, Hubei province, to the whole country of
China, which has posed great threats to public health and attracted enormous
attention around the world. To date, there are no clinically approved vaccines or
antiviral drugs available for these human coronavirus infections. Intensive
research on the novel emerging human infectious coronaviruses is urgently needed to
elucidate their route of transmission and pathogenic mechanisms, and to identify
potential drug targets, which would promote the development of effective preventive
and therapeutic countermeasures. Herein, we describe the epidemic and etiological
characteristics of 2019-nCoV, discuss its essential biological features, including
tropism and receptor usage, summarize approaches for disease prevention and
treatment, and speculate on the transmission route of 2019-nCoV.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Crowdsourcing data to mitigate epidemics
AU - Leung, Kathy
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30055-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Genomic characterization and infectivity of a novel SARS-like coronavirus in
Chinese bats
AU - Hu, Dan
AU - Zhu, Changqiang
AU - Ai, Lele
AU - He, Ting
AU - Wang, Yi
AU - Ye, Fuqiang
AU - Yang, Lu
AU - Ding, Chenxi
AU - Zhu, Xuhui
AU - Lv, Ruicheng
AU - Zhu, Jin
AU - Hassan, Bachar
AU - Feng, Youjun
AU - Tan, Weilong
AU - Wang, Changjun
PY - 2018
PD -
N2 - SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), the causative agent of the large SARS outbreak
in 2003, originated in bats. Many SARS-like coronaviruses (SL-CoVs) have been
detected in bats, particularly those that reside in China, Europe, and Africa. To
further understand the evolutionary relationship between SARS-CoV and its
reservoirs, 334 bats were collected from Zhoushan city, Zhejiang province, China,
between 2015 and 2017. PCR amplification of the conserved coronaviral protein RdRp
detected coronaviruses in 26.65% of bats belonging to this region, and this number
was influenced by seasonal changes. Full genomic analyses of the two new SL-CoVs
from Zhoushan (ZXC21 and ZC45) showed that their genomes were 29,732 nucleotides
(nt) and 29,802 nt in length, respectively, with 13 open reading frames (ORFs).
These results revealed 81% shared nucleotide identity with human/civet SARS CoVs,
which was more distant than that observed previously for bat SL-CoVs in China.
Importantly, using pathogenic tests, we found that the virus can reproduce and
cause disease in suckling rats, and further studies showed that the virus-like
particles can be observed in the brains of suckling rats by electron microscopy.
Thus, this study increased our understanding of the genetic diversity of the SL-
CoVs carried by bats and also provided a new perspective to study the possibility
of cross-species transmission of SL-CoVs using suckling rats as an animal model.
PB -
CY -
VL - 7
IS - 1
PG - 154-154
SP - 154
EP - 154
AN - 30209269
DO - 10.1038/s41426-018-0155-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS-related coronaviruses provides new
insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus
AU - Hu, Ben
AU - Zeng, Lei-Ping
AU - Yang, Xing-Lou
AU - Ge, Xing-Yi
AU - Zhang, Wei
AU - Li, Bei
AU - Xie, Jia-Zheng
AU - Shen, Xu-Rui
AU - Zhang, Yun-Zhi
AU - Wang, Ning
AU - Luo, Dong-Sheng
AU - Wang, Mei-Niang
AU - Daszak, Peter
AU - Wang, Lin-Fa
AU - Cui, Jie
AU - Shi, Zheng-Li
PY - 2017
PD -
N2 - A large number of SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoV) have been detected
in horseshoe bats since 2005 in different areas of China. However, these bat SARSr-
CoVs show sequence differences from SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in different genes
(S, ORF8, ORF3, etc) and are considered unlikely to represent the direct progenitor
of SARS-CoV. Herein, we report the findings of our 5-year surveillance of SARSr-
CoVs in a cave inhabited by multiple species of horseshoe bats in Yunnan Province,
China. The full-length genomes of 11 newly discovered SARSr-CoV strains, together
with our previous findings, reveals that the SARSr-CoVs circulating in this single
location are highly diverse in the S gene, ORF3 and ORF8. Importantly, strains with
high genetic similarity to SARS-CoV in the hypervariable N-terminal domain (NTD)
and receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the S1 gene, the ORF3 and ORF8 region,
respectively, were all discovered in this cave. In addition, we report the first
discovery of bat SARSr-CoVs highly similar to human SARS-CoV in ORF3b and in the
split ORF8a and 8b. Moreover, SARSr-CoV strains from this cave were more closely
related to SARS-CoV in the non-structural protein genes ORF1a and 1b compared with
those detected elsewhere. Recombination analysis shows evidence of frequent
recombination events within the S gene and around the ORF8 between these SARSr-
CoVs. We hypothesize that the direct progenitor of SARS-CoV may have originated
after sequential recombination events between the precursors of these SARSr-CoVs.
Cell entry studies demonstrated that three newly identified SARSr-CoVs with
different S protein sequences are all able to use human ACE2 as the receptor,
further exhibiting the close relationship between strains in this cave and SARS-
CoV. This work provides new insights into the origin and evolution of SARS-CoV and
highlights the necessity of preparedness for future emergence of SARS-like
diseases.
JO - PLoS Pathog
PB -
CY -
VL - 13
IS - 11
PG - e1006698-e1006698
SP - e1006698
EP - e1006698
AN - 29190287
DO - 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006698
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the
ACE2 receptor
AU - Ge, Xing-Yi
AU - Li, Jia-Lu
AU - Yang, Xing-Lou
AU - Chmura, Aleksei A.
AU - Zhu, Guangjian
AU - Epstein, Jonathan H.
AU - Mazet, Jonna K.
AU - Hu, Ben
AU - Zhang, Wei
AU - Peng, Cheng
AU - Zhang, Yu-Ji
AU - Luo, Chu-Ming
AU - Tan, Bing
AU - Wang, Ning
AU - Zhu, Yan
AU - Crameri, Gary
AU - Zhang, Shu-Yi
AU - Wang, Lin-Fa
AU - Daszak, Peter
AU - Shi, Zheng-Li
PY - 2013
PD -
N2 - The 2002-3 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
(SARS-CoV) was one of the most significant public health events in recent history.
An ongoing outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus suggests that
this group of viruses remains a key threat and that their distribution is wider
than previously recognized. Although bats have been suggested to be the natural
reservoirs of both viruses, attempts to isolate the progenitor virus of SARS-CoV
from bats have been unsuccessful. Diverse SARS-like coronaviruses (SL-CoVs) have
now been reported from bats in China, Europe and Africa, but none is considered a
direct progenitor of SARS-CoV because of their phylogenetic disparity from this
virus and the inability of their spike proteins to use the SARS-CoV cellular
receptor molecule, the human angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2). Here we
report whole-genome sequences of two novel bat coronaviruses from Chinese horseshoe
bats (family: Rhinolophidae) in Yunnan, China: RsSHC014 and Rs3367. These viruses
are far more closely related to SARS-CoV than any previously identified bat
coronaviruses, particularly in the receptor binding domain of the spike protein.
Most importantly, we report the first recorded isolation of a live SL-CoV (bat SL-
CoV-WIV1) from bat faecal samples in Vero E6 cells, which has typical coronavirus
morphology, 99.9% sequence identity to Rs3367 and uses ACE2 from humans, civets and
Chinese horseshoe bats for cell entry. Preliminary in vitro testing indicates that
WIV1 also has a broad species tropism. Our results provide the strongest evidence
to date that Chinese horseshoe bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-CoV, and that
intermediate hosts may not be necessary for direct human infection by some bat SL-
CoVs. They also highlight the importance of pathogen-discovery programs targeting
high-risk wildlife groups in emerging disease hotspots as a strategy for pandemic
preparedness.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL - 503
IS - 7477
PG - 535-538
SP - 535
EP - 538
AN - 24172901
DO - 10.1038/nature12711
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Bat Coronaviruses in China
AU - Fan, Yi
AU - Zhao, Kai
AU - Shi, Zheng-Li
AU - Zhou, Peng
PY - 2019
PD -
N2 - During the past two decades, three zoonotic coronaviruses have been
identified as the cause of large-scale disease outbreaks⁻Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Swine Acute Diarrhea
Syndrome (SADS). SARS and MERS emerged in 2003 and 2012, respectively, and caused a
worldwide pandemic that claimed thousands of human lives, while SADS struck the
swine industry in 2017. They have common characteristics, such as they are all
highly pathogenic to humans or livestock, their agents originated from bats, and
two of them originated in China. Thus, it is highly likely that future SARS- or
MERS-like coronavirus outbreaks will originate from bats, and there is an increased
probability that this will occur in China. Therefore, the investigation of bat
coronaviruses becomes an urgent issue for the detection of early warning signs,
which in turn minimizes the impact of such future outbreaks in China. The purpose
of the review is to summarize the current knowledge on viral diversity, reservoir
hosts, and the geographical distributions of bat coronaviruses in China, and
eventually we aim to predict virus hotspots and their cross-species transmission
potential.
JO - Viruses
PB -
CY -
VL - 11
IS - 3
PG - 210
SP - 210
EP -
AN - 30832341
DO - 10.3390/v11030210
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Comments on "Preliminary estimation of the basic reproduction number of novel
Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China, from 2019 to 2020: A data-driven Analysis in the
early phase of the outbreak"
AU - Dhungana, Hom Nath
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses
AU - de Wit, Emmie
AU - van Doremalen, Neeltje
AU - Falzarano, Darryl
AU - Munster, Vincent J.
PY - 2016
PD -
N2 - The emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in
2012 marked the second introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the
human population in the twenty-first century. The continuing introductions of MERS-
CoV from dromedary camels, the subsequent travel-related viral spread, the
unprecedented nosocomial outbreaks and the high case-fatality rates highlight the
need for prophylactic and therapeutic measures. Scientific advancements since the
2002-2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) pandemic allowed
for rapid progress in our understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of
MERS-CoV and the development of therapeutics. In this Review, we detail our present
understanding of the transmission and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and
discuss the current state of development of measures to combat emerging
coronaviruses.
JO - Nat Rev Microbiol
PB -
CY -
VL - 14
IS - 8
PG - 523-534
SP - 523
EP - 534
AN - 27344959
DO - 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.81
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses
AU - Cui, Jie
AU - Li, Fang
AU - Shi, Zheng-Li
PY - 2019
PD -
N2 - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East
respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are two highly transmissible and
pathogenic viruses that emerged in humans at the beginning of the 21st century.
Both viruses likely originated in bats, and genetically diverse coronaviruses that
are related to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV were discovered in bats worldwide. In this
Review, we summarize the current knowledge on the origin and evolution of these two
pathogenic coronaviruses and discuss their receptor usage; we also highlight the
diversity and potential of spillover of bat-borne coronaviruses, as evidenced by
the recent spillover of swine acute diarrhoea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) to
pigs.
JO - Nat Rev Microbiol
PB -
CY -
VL - 17
IS - 3
PG - 181-192
SP - 181
EP - 192
AN - 30531947
DO - 10.1038/s41579-018-0118-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Pandemic: examining readiness for infectious disease outbreaks
AU - Burki, Talha Khan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30082-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emergence of a Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and the Importance of
Diagnostic Testing: Why Partnership between Clinical Laboratories, Public Health
Agencies, and Industry Is Essential to Control the Outbreak
AU - Binnicker, Matthew J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Clinical Chemistry
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/hvaa071
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus Susceptibility to the Antiviral Remdesivir (GS-5734) Is Mediated
by the Viral Polymerase and the Proofreading Exoribonuclease
AU - Agostini, Maria L.
AU - Andres, Erica L.
AU - Sims, Amy C.
AU - Sheahan, Timothy P.
AU - Lu, Xiaotao
AU - Smith, Everett Clinton
AU - Case, James Brett
AU - Feng, Joy Y.
AU - Jordan, Robert
AU - Ray, Adrian S.
AU - Cihlar, Tomas
AU - Siegel, Dustin
AU - Mackman, Richard L.
AU - Clarke, Michael O.
AU - Denison, Mark R.
PY - 2018
PD -
N2 - Emerging coronaviruses (CoVs) cause severe disease in humans, but no approved
therapeutics are available. The CoV nsp14 exoribonuclease (ExoN) has complicated
development of antiviral nucleosides due to its proofreading activity. We recently
reported that the nucleoside analogue GS-5734 (remdesivir) potently inhibits human
and zoonotic CoVs in vitro and in a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
(SARS-CoV) mouse model. However, studies with GS-5734 have not reported resistance
associated with GS-5734, nor do we understand the action of GS-5734 in wild-type
(WT) proofreading CoVs. Here, we show that GS-5734 inhibits murine hepatitis virus
(MHV) with similar 50% effective concentration values (EC(50)) as SARS-CoV and
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Passage of WT MHV in the
presence of the GS-5734 parent nucleoside selected two mutations in the nsp12
polymerase at residues conserved across all CoVs that conferred up to 5.6-fold
resistance to GS-5734, as determined by EC(50) The resistant viruses were unable to
compete with WT in direct coinfection passage in the absence of GS-5734.
Introduction of the MHV resistance mutations into SARS-CoV resulted in the same in
vitro resistance phenotype and attenuated SARS-CoV pathogenesis in a mouse model.
Finally, we demonstrate that an MHV mutant lacking ExoN proofreading was
significantly more sensitive to GS-5734. Combined, the results indicate that GS-
5734 interferes with the nsp12 polymerase even in the setting of intact ExoN
proofreading activity and that resistance can be overcome with increased, nontoxic
concentrations of GS-5734, further supporting the development of GS-5734 as a
broad-spectrum therapeutic to protect against contemporary and emerging
CoVs.IMPORTANCE Coronaviruses (CoVs) cause severe human infections, but there are
no approved antivirals to treat these infections. Development of nucleoside-based
therapeutics for CoV infections has been hampered by the presence of a proofreading
exoribonuclease. Here, we expand the known efficacy of the nucleotide prodrug
remdesivir (GS-5734) to include a group β-2a CoV. Further, GS-5734 potently
inhibits CoVs with intact proofreading. Following selection with the GS-5734 parent
nucleoside, 2 amino acid substitutions in the nsp12 polymerase at residues that are
identical across CoVs provide low-level resistance to GS-5734. The resistance
mutations decrease viral fitness of MHV in vitro and attenuate pathogenesis in a
SARS-CoV animal model of infection. Together, these studies define the target of
GS-5734 activity and demonstrate that resistance is difficult to select, only
partial, and impairs fitness and virulence of MHV and SARS-CoV, supporting further
development of GS-5734 as a potential effective pan-CoV antiviral.
JO - mBio
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG - e00221-18
SP - e00221
EP - 18
AN - 29511076
DO - 10.1128/mBio.00221-18
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Perspective from China
AU - Zu, Zi Yue
AU - Jiang, Meng Di
AU - Xu, Peng Peng
AU - Chen, Wen
AU - Ni, Qian Qian
AU - Lu, Guang Ming
AU - Zhang, Long Jiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China and
spread across China and beyond. On February 12, 2020, WHO officially named the
disease caused by the novel coronavirus as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Since most COVID-19 infected patients were diagnosed with pneumonia and
characteristic CT imaging patterns, radiological examinations have become vital in
early diagnosis and assessment of disease course. To date, CT findings have been
recommended as major evidence for clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 in Hubei, China.
This review focuses on the etiology, epidemiology, and clinical symptoms of COVID-
19, while highlighting the role of chest CT in prevention and disease control. A
full translation of this article in Chinese is available.
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200490-200490
SP - 200490
EP - 200490
AN - 32083985
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200490
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Quantifying the association between domestic travel and the exportation of
novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) cases from Wuhan, China in 2020: A correlational
analysis
AU - Zhao, Shi
AU - Zhuang, Zian
AU - Cao, Peihua
AU - Ran, Jinjun
AU - Gao, Daozhou
AU - Lou, Yijun
AU - Yang, Lin
AU - Cai, Yongli
AU - Wang, Weiming
AU - He, Daihai
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/jtm/taaa022
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Estimation of the reproductive number of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) and the
probable outbreak size on the Diamond Princess cruise ship: A data-driven analysis
AU - Zhang, Sheng
AU - Diao, MengYuan
AU - Yu, Wenbo
AU - Pei, Lei
AU - Lin, Zhaofen
AU - Chen, Dechang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Backgrounds Up to February 16, 2020, 355 cases have been confirmed as having
COVID-19 infection on the Diamond Princess cruise ship. It is of crucial importance
to estimate the reproductive number (R0) of the novel virus in the early stage of
outbreak and make a prediction of daily new cases on the ship. Method We fitted the
reported serial interval (Mean and standard deviation) with a gamma distribution
and applied “earlyR” package in R to estimate the R0 in the early stage of COVID-19
outbreak. We applied “projections” package in R to simulate the plausible
cumulative epidemic trajectories and future daily incidence by fitting the data of
existing daily incidence, a serial interval distribution, and the estimated R0 into
a model based on the assumption that daily incidence obeys approximately Poisson
distribution determined by daily infectiousness. Results The Maximum-Likelihood
(ML) value of R0 was 2.28 for COVID-19 outbreak at early stage on the ship. The
median with 95% confidence interval (CI) of R0 values was 2.28 (2.06-2.52)
estimated by the bootstrap resampling method. The probable number of new cases for
the next ten days would gradually increase, and the estimated cumulative cases
would reach 1514 (1384-1656) at the tenth day in the future. However, if R0 value
was reduced by 25% and 50%, the estimated total number of cumulative cases would be
reduced to 1081 (981-1177) and 758 (697-817), respectively. Conclusion The median
with 95% CI of R0 of COVID-19 was about 2.28 (2.06-2.52) during the early stage
experienced on the Diamond Princess cruise ship. The future daily incidence and
probable outbreak size is largely dependent on the change of R0. Unless strict
infection management and control are taken, our findings indicate the potential of
COVID-19 to cause greater outbreak on the ship.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan,
China
AU - Zhang, Jin-Jin
AU - Dong, Xiang
AU - Cao, Yi-Yuan
AU - Yuan, Ya-Dong
AU - Yang, Yi-Bin
AU - Yan, You-Qin
AU - Akdis, Cezmi A.
AU - Gao, Ya-Dong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus -2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been widely spread.
We aim to investigate the clinical characteristic and allergy status of patients
infected by SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: Electronical medical records including
demographics, clinical manifestation, comorbidities, laboratory data and
radiological materials of 140 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, with confirmed result
of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection were extracted and analysed. RESULTS: An
approximately 1:1 ratio of male (50.7%) and female COVID-19 patients was found,
with an overall median age of 57.0 years. All patients were community acquired
cases. Fever (91.7%), cough (75.0%), fatigue (75.0%) and gastrointestinal symptoms
(39.6%) were the most common clinical manifestations, whereas hypertension (30.0%)
and diabetes mellitus (12.1%) were the most common comorbidities. Drug
hypersensitivity (11.4%) and urticaria (1.4%) were self-reported by several
patients. Asthma or other allergic diseases was not reported by any of the
patients. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, 1.4%) and current smokers
(1.4%) were rare. Bilateral ground glass or patchy opacity (89.6%) were the most
common signs of radiological finding. Lymphopenia (75.4%) and eosinopenia (52.9%)
were observed in most patients. Blood eosinophil counts correlate positively with
lymphocyte counts in severe (r=0.486, p<0.001) and non-severe (r=0.469, p<0.001)
patients after hospital admission. Significantly higher levels of D-dimer, C-
reactive protein and procalcitonin were associated with severe patients compared to
non-severe patients (all p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Detailed clinical investigation of
140 hospitalized COVID-19 cases suggest eosinopenia together with lymphopenia may
be a potential indicator for diagnosis. Allergic diseases, asthma and COPD are not
risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Elder age, high number of comorbidities and
more prominent laboratory abnormalities were associated with severe patients.
JO - Allergy
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1111/all.14238
SP - 10.1111/all.14238
EP -
AN - 32077115
DO - 10.1111/all.14238
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The continuous evolution and dissemination of 2019 novel human coronavirus
AU - Zhang, Jiahao
AU - Ma, Kaixiong
AU - Li, Huanan
AU - Liao, Ming
AU - Qi, Wenbao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Several suggestion of operation for colorectal cancer under the outbreak of
Corona Virus Disease 19 in China
AU - Yu, G. Y.
AU - Lou, Z.
AU - Zhang, W.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Pneumonia caused by SARS-Cov-2 infection has been reported in Wuhan since
December 2019, and spread rapidly across the country. The radical operation of
colorectal cancer is confine operation. Patients with colorectal cancer should
receive operation as soon as possible after elective operation is resumed in each
hospital. SARS-Cov-2 virus can be transmitted by asymptomatic infectors, and it has
been confirmed to be transmitted by droplets and contact. However, fecal-oral
transmission and aerosol transmission have not been excluded. Based onLaparoscopic
colorectal operation experiences, the author suggests that the surgery strategy for
colorectal cancer patients under the COVID-19 situation. Recommending laparoscopy-
assisted radical surgery for colorectal cancer patients. The aerosols need to be
strictly managed during operation. NOSES and TaTME should be carried out with
cautious during the epidemic period. Protective stoma should be carried out
scientifically and reasonably, and the protection of operating room personnel
should be strengthened.
JO - Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 23
IS - 3
PG - 9-11
SP - 9
EP - 11
AN - 32074719
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0274.2020.03.002
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19): Emergence and implications for emergency
care
AU - Yee, Jane
AU - Unger, Lucy
AU - Zadravecz, Frank
AU - Cariello, Paloma
AU - Seibert, Allan
AU - Johnson, Michael Austin
AU - Fuller, Matthew Joseph
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract A novel coronavirus (COVID-19) causing acute illness with severe
symptoms has been isolated in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. Since its emergence,
cases have been found worldwide, reminiscent of severe acute respiratory syndrome
and Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreaks over the past 2 decades. Current
understanding of this epidemic remains limited due to its rapid development and
available data. While occurrence outside mainland China remains low, the likelihood
of increasing cases globally continues to rise. Given this potential, it is
imperative that emergency clinicians understand the preliminary data behind the
dynamics of this disease, recognize possible presentations of patients, and
understand proposed treatment modalities.
JO - Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/emp2.12034
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12034
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical Management of Lung Cancer Patients during the Outbreak of 2019 Novel
Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU - Xu, Yan
AU - Liu, Hongsheng
AU - Hu, Ke
AU - Wang, Mengzhao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since late December 2019, an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases
(COVID-19) in Wuhan, China has spread quickly nationwide. With the spread of COVID-
19, the routine clinical diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer patients has been
disturbed. Due to the systemic immunosuppressive of lung cancer patients caused by
the malignancy and anticancer treatments, lung cancer patients are more susceptible
to infection than healthy individuals. Furthermore, patients with cancer had poorer
prognosis from infection. Lung cancer patients should be the priority group for
COVID-19 prevention. The protection provisions and control measures aiming to
protect lung cancer patients from COVID-19 have been increasingly concerned. During
the COVID-19 outbreak period, it should be carefully differentiated for fever and
respiratory symptoms for lung cancer patients receiving anti-tumor treatment, in
order to evaluate the risk of COVID-19. Moreover, it is necessary to carry out
meticulous and individualized clinical management for lung cancer patients to
effectively protect the patients from COVID-19.
JO - Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 23
IS -
PG - 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.03.02
SP - 10.3779/j.issn.1009
EP - 3419.2020.03.02
AN - 32077441
DO - 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.03.02
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Detection of 2019-nCoV in the pathological paraffin embedded tissue
AU - Xu, S. P.
AU - Kuang, D.
AU - Hu, Y.
AU - Liu, C.
AU - Duan, Y. Q.
AU - Wang, G. P.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 49
IS - 0
PG - E004-E004
SP - E004
EP - E004
AN - 32084674
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151.20200219.00001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Systematic Comparison of Two Animal-to-Human Transmitted Human Coronaviruses:
SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV
AU - Xu, Jiabao
AU - Zhao, Shizhe
AU - Teng, Tieshan
AU - Abdalla, Abualgasim Elgaili
AU - Zhu, Wan
AU - Xie, Longxiang
AU - Wang, Yunlong
AU - Guo, Xiangqian
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - After the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in the
world in 2003, human coronaviruses (HCoVs) have been reported as pathogens that
cause severe symptoms in respiratory tract infections. Recently, a new emerged HCoV
isolated from the respiratory epithelium of unexplained pneumonia patients in the
Wuhan seafood market caused a major disease outbreak and has been named the severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This virus causes acute lung
symptoms, leading to a condition that has been named as “coronavirus disease
2019” (COVID-19). The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and of SARS-CoV caused
widespread fear and concern and has threatened global health security. There are
some similarities and differences in the epidemiology and clinical features between
these two viruses and diseases that are caused by these viruses. The goal of this
work is to systematically review and compare between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 in the
context of their virus incubation, originations, diagnosis and treatment methods,
genomic and proteomic sequences, and pathogenic mechanisms.
JO - Viruses
PB -
CY -
VL - 12
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/v12020244
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Open access epidemiological data from the COVID-19 outbreak
AU - Xu, Bo
AU - Kraemer, Moritz U. G.
AU - Open, Covid-Data Curation Group
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Lancet Infect Dis
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - S1473-3099(20)30119-5
SP - S1473
EP - 3099(20)30119
AN - 32087115
DO - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30119-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation
AU - Wrapp, Daniel
AU - Wang, Nianshuang
AU - Corbett, Kizzmekia S.
AU - Goldsmith, Jory A.
AU - Hsieh, Ching-Lin
AU - Abiona, Olubukola
AU - Graham, Barney S.
AU - McLellan, Jason S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of a novel betacoronavirus (2019-nCoV) represents a pandemic
threat that has been declared a public health emergency of international concern.
The CoV spike (S) glycoprotein is a key target for vaccines, therapeutic
antibodies, and diagnostics. To facilitate medical countermeasure (MCM)
development, we determined a 3.5 Å-resolution cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV S
trimer in the prefusion conformation. The predominant state of the trimer has one
of the three receptor-binding domains (RBDs) rotated up in a receptor-accessible
conformation. We also show biophysical and structural evidence that the 2019-nCoV S
binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV S. Additionally, we tested several
published SARS-CoV RBD-specific monoclonal antibodies and found that they do not
have appreciable binding to 2019-nCoV S, suggesting antibody cross-reactivity may
be limited between the two RBDs. The structure of 2019-nCoV S should enable rapid
development and evaluation of MCMs to address the ongoing public health crisis.
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - eabb2507
SP - eabb2507
EP -
AN - 32075877
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus 2019, an emerging public health emergency
AU - Ward, Michael P.
AU - Li, Xiangdong
AU - Tian, Kegong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Transbound Emerg Dis
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1111/tbed.13509
SP - 10.1111/tbed.13509
EP -
AN - 32077206
DO - 10.1111/tbed.13509
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis of low positive rate of nucleic acid detection method used for
diagnosis of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - Wang, C. B.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 100
IS - 0
PG - E010-E010
SP - E010
EP - E010
AN - 32077662
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200213-00280
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Un mundo, una salud: la epidemia por el nuevo coronavirus COVID-19
AU - Trilla, Antoni
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Medicina Clínica
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2020.02.002
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Is COVID-19 Receiving ADE From Other Coronaviruses?
AU - Tetro, Jason A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - One of the most perplexing questions regarding the current COVID-19
coronavirus epidemic is the discrepancy between the severity of cases observed in
the Hubei province of China and those occurring elsewhere in the world. One
possible answer is antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) of SARS-CoV-2 due to prior
exposure to other coronaviruses. ADE modulates the immune response and can elicit
sustained inflammation, lymphopenia, and/or cytokine storm, one or all of which
have been documented in severe cases and deaths. ADE also requires prior exposure
to similar antigenic epitopes, presumably circulating in local viruses, making it a
possible explanation for the observed geographic limitation of severe cases and
deaths.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
15 February 2020)
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - This is the third epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-
19), previously known as novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), from the virus now known as
SARS-CoV-2, reported in Australia as at 19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time
[AEDT] 15 February 2020. It includes data on the COVID-19 Australian cases, the
international situation and current information on the severity, transmission and
spread.
PB -
CY -
VL - 44
IS -
PG - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.15
SP - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.15
EP -
AN - 32074480
DO - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.15
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emergency management of prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia
in departments of stomatology
AU - Tang, H. S.
AU - Yao, Z. Q.
AU - Wang, W. M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Complying with overall requirements of the government and regulations on
public health emergences, as well as the clinical features of diagnosis and
treatment of dental illness, this paper refers to previous guidelines and studies
on the infection prevention and control in dental diagnosis and treatment in China
and foreign countries. Nanjing Stomatological Hospital has implemented the
emergency management practices for the prevention and control of novel coronavirus
pneumonia (NCP), mainly focusing on the implementation of prevention and control
training programs for medical staffs and the infection control projects on the
hospital environment. This study could provide reference for rapid response and
emergency management for the prevention and control of NCP in the departments of
stomatology.
PB -
CY -
VL - 55
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN - 32080994
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20200205-00037
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019 novel coronavirus of pneumonia in Wuhan, China: emerging attack and
management strategies
AU - She, Jun
AU - Jiang, Jinjun
AU - Ye, Ling
AU - Hu, Lijuan
AU - Bai, Chunxue
AU - Song, Yuanlin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - An ongoing outbreak of 2019-nCoV pneumonia was first identified in Wuhan,
Hubei province, China at the end of 2019. With the spread of the new coronavirus
accelerating, person-to-person transmission in family homes or hospitals, and
intercity spread of 2019-nCoV occurred. At least 40,261 cases confirmed, 23,589
cases suspected, 909 cases death and 3444 cases cured in China and worldwide 24
countries confirmed 383 cases being diagnosed, 1 case death in February 10th, 2020.
At present, the mortality of 2019-nCoV in China is 2.3%, compared with 9.6% of SARS
and 34.4% of MERS reported by WHO. It seems the new virus is not as fatal as many
people thought. Chinese authorities improved surveillance network, made the
laboratory be able to recognize the outbreak within a few weeks and announced the
virus genome that provide efficient epidemiological control. More comprehensive
information is required to understand 2019-nCoV feature, the epidemiology of origin
and spreading, and the clinical phenomina. According to the current status,
blocking transmission, isolation, protection, and alternative medication are the
urgent management strategies against 2019-nCoV.
JO - Clin Transl Med
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 1
PG - 19-19
SP - 19
EP - 19
AN - 32078069
DO - 10.1186/s40169-020-00271-z
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A new pandemic out of China: the Wuhan 2019-nCoV coronavirus syndrome
AU - Singer, D. R. J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Health Policy and Technology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/j.hlpt.2020.02.001
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2020.02.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in
children: experts’ consensus statement
AU - Shen, K.
AU - Yang, Y.
AU - Wang, T.
AU - Zhao, D.
AU - Jiang, Y.
AU - Jin, R.
AU - Zheng, Y.
AU - Xu, B.
AU - Xie, Z.
AU - Lin, L.
AU - Shang, Y.
AU - Lu, X.
AU - Shu, S.
AU - Bai, Y.
AU - Deng, J.
AU - Lu, M.
AU - Ye, L.
AU - Wang, X.
AU - Wang, Y.
AU - Gao, L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan
City, China, by January 30, 2020, a total of 9692 confirmed cases and 15,238
suspected cases have been reported around 31 provinces or cities in China. Among
the confirmed cases, 1527 were severe cases, 171 had recovered and been discharged
at home, and 213 died. And among these cases, a total of 28 children aged from
1 month to 17 years have been reported in China. For standardizing prevention and
management of 2019-nCoV infections in children, we called up an experts’ committee
to formulate this experts’ consensus statement. This statement is based on the
Novel Coronavirus Infection Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Standards (the fourth
edition) (National Health Committee) and other previous diagnosis and treatment
strategies for pediatric virus infections. The present consensus statement
summarizes current strategies on diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019-nCoV
infection in children.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s12519-020-00343-7
020-00343-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emergence of Novel Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: Need for Rapid Vaccine and
Biologics Development
AU - Shanmugaraj, Balamurugan
AU - Malla, Ashwini
AU - Phoolcharoen, Waranyoo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is an emerging pathogen that was first
identified in Wuhan, China in late December 2019. This virus is responsible for the
ongoing outbreak that causes severe respiratory illness and pneumonia-like
infection in humans. Due to the increasing number of cases in China and outside
China, the WHO declared coronavirus as a global health emergency. Nearly 35,000
cases were reported and at least 24 other countries or territories have reported
coronavirus cases as early on as February. Inter-human transmission was reported in
a few countries, including the United States. Neither an effective anti-viral nor a
vaccine is currently available to treat this infection. As the virus is a newly
emerging pathogen, many questions remain unanswered regarding the virus’s
reservoirs, pathogenesis, transmissibility, and much more is unknown. The
collaborative efforts of researchers are needed to fill the knowledge gaps about
this new virus, to develop the proper diagnostic tools, and effective treatment to
combat this infection. Recent advancements in plant biotechnology proved that
plants have the ability to produce vaccines or biopharmaceuticals rapidly in a
short time. In this review, the outbreak of 2019-nCoV in China, the need for rapid
vaccine development, and the potential of a plant system for biopharmaceutical
development are discussed.
JO - Pathogens
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/pathogens9020148
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus COVID-19 impacts to dentistry and potential salivary diagnosis
AU - Sabino-Silva, Robinson
AU - Jardim, Ana Carolina Gomes
AU - Siqueira, Walter L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Clin Oral Investig
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1007/s00784-020-03248-x
SP - 10.1007/s00784
EP - 020
AN - 32078048
DO - 10.1007/s00784-020-03248-x
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Short-term Forecasts of the COVID-19 Epidemic in Guangdong and Zhejiang,
China: February 13–23, 2020
AU - Roosa, Kimberlyn
AU - Lee, Yiseul
AU - Luo, Ruiyan
AU - Kirpich, Alexander
AU - Rothenberg, Richard
AU - Hyman, M. James
AU - Yan, Ping
AU - Chowell, Gerardo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic continues to spread within and outside of
China, despite several social distancing measures implemented by the Chinese
government. Limited epidemiological data are available, and recent changes in case
definition and reporting further complicate our understanding of the impact of the
epidemic, particularly in the epidemic’s epicenter. Here we use previously
validated phenomenological models to generate short-term forecasts of cumulative
reported cases in Guangdong and Zhejiang, China. Using daily reported cumulative
case data up until 13 February 2020 from the National Health Commission of China,
we report 5- and 10-day ahead forecasts of cumulative case reports. Specifically,
we generate forecasts using a generalized logistic growth model, the Richards
growth model, and a sub-epidemic wave model, which have each been previously used
to forecast outbreaks due to different infectious diseases. Forecasts from each of
the models suggest the outbreaks may be nearing extinction in both Guangdong and
Zhejiang; however, the sub-epidemic model predictions also include the potential
for further sustained transmission, particularly in Zhejiang. Our 10-day forecasts
across the three models predict an additional 65–81 cases (upper bounds:
169–507) in Guangdong and an additional 44–354 (upper bounds:
141–875) cases in Zhejiang by February 23, 2020. In the best-case scenario,
current data suggest that transmission in both provinces is slowing down.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020596
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Expert consensus on preventing nosocomial transmission during respiratory
care for critically ill patients infected by 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - Respiratory care committee of Chinese Thoracic, Society
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Definite evidence has shown that the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) could be
transmitted from person to person, so far more than 1,700 bedside clinicians have
been infected. A lot of respiratory treatments for critically ill patients are
deemed as high-risk factors for nosocomial transmission, such as intubation, manual
ventilation by resuscitator, noninvasive ventilation, high-flow nasal cannula,
bronchoscopy examination, suction and patient transportation, etc, due to its high
possibility to cause or worsen the spread of the virus. As such, we developed this
consensus recommendations on all those high-risk treatments, based on the current
evidence as well as the resource limitation in some areas, with the aim to reduce
the nosocomial transmission and optimize the treatment for the COVID-19 pneumonia
patients. Those recommendations include: (1) Standard prevention and protection,
and patient isolation; (2) Patient wearing mask during HFNC treatment; (3) Using
dual limb ventilator with filters placed at the ventilator outlets, or using heat-
moisture exchanger (HME) instead of heated humidification in single limb ventilator
with HME placed between exhalation port and mask; avoid using mask with exhalation
port on the mask; (4) Placing filter between resuscitator and mask or artificial
airway; (5) For spontaneous breathing patients, placing mask for patients during
bronchoscopy examination; for patients receiving noninvasive ventilation, using the
special mask with bronchoscopy port to perform bronchoscopy; (6) Using sedation and
paralytics during intubation, cuff pressure should be maintained between 25-30
cmH(2)O; (7) In-line suction catheter is recommended and it can be used for one
week; (8) Dual-limb heated wire circuits are recommended and only changed with
visible soiled; (9. For patients who need breathing support during transportation,
placing an HME between ventilator and patient; (10) PSV is recommended for
implementing spontaneous breathing trial (SBT), avoid using T-piece to do SBT. When
tracheotomy patients are weaned from ventilator, HME should be used, avoid using T-
piece or tracheostomy mask. (11) Avoid unnecessary bronchial hygiene therapy; (12)
For patients who need aerosol therapy, dry powder inhaler metered dose inhaler with
spacer is recommended for spontaneous breathing patients; while vibrating mesh
nebulizer is recommended for ventilated patients and additional filter is
recommended to be placed at the expiratory port of ventilation during nebulization.
PB -
CY -
VL - 17
IS - 0
PG - E020-E020
SP - E020
EP - E020
AN - 32077661
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0020
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-nCoV (Wuhan virus), a novel Coronavirus: Human-to-human transmission,
travel-related cases, and vaccine readiness
AU - Ralph, R.
AU - Lew, J.
AU - Zeng, T.
AU - Francis, M.
AU - Xue, B.
AU - Roux, M.
AU - Ostadgavahi, A. T.
AU - Rubino, S.
AU - Dawe, N. J.
AU - Al-Ahdal, M. N.
AU - Kelvin, D. J.
AU - Richardson, C. D.
AU - Kindrachuk, J.
AU - Falzarano, D.
AU - Kelvin, A. A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On 31 December 2019 the Wuhan Health Commission reported a cluster of
atypical pneumonia cases that was linked to a wet market in the city of Wuhan,
China. The first patients began experiencing symptoms of illness in mid-December
2019. Clinical isolates were found to contain a novel coronavirus with similarity
to bat coronaviruses. As of 28 January 2020, there are in excess of 4,500
laboratory-confirmed cases, with > 100 known deaths. As with the SARS-CoV,
infections in children appear to be rare. Travel-related cases have been confirmed
in multiple countries and regions outside mainland China including Germany, France,
Thailand, Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Canada, and the United States, as well as
Hong Kong and Taiwan. Domestically in China, the virus has also been noted in
several cities and provinces with cases in all but one provinence. While zoonotic
transmission appears to be the original source of infections, the most alarming
development is that human-to-human transmission is now prevelant. Of particular
concern is that many healthcare workers have been infected in the current epidemic.
There are several critical clinical questions that need to be resolved, including
how efficient is human-to-human transmission? What is the animal reservoir? Is
there an intermediate animal reservoir? Do the vaccines generated to the SARS-CoV
or MERS-CoV or their proteins offer protection against 2019-nCoV? We offer a
research perspective on the next steps for the generation of vaccines. We also
present data on the use of in silico docking in gaining insight into 2019-nCoV
Spike-receptor binding to aid in therapeutic development. Diagnostic PCR protocols
can be found at https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus/laboratory-
diagnostics-for-novel-coronavirus.
JO - Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
PB -
CY -
VL - 14
IS - 1
PG - 3-17
SP - 3
EP - 17
AN -
DO - 10.3855/jidc.12425
http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.12425
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Psychological intervention in oral patients in novel coronavirus pneumonia
outbreak period
AU - Qu, X.
AU - Zhou, X. D.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Public health emergencies have an impact on the public mental health. The
outbreak of the novel coronavirus has affected the normal diagnosis and treatment
services in oral medical institutions across the country. Delay of non-emergency
dental service will have a potential impact on the experience, cognition, treatment
and rehabilitation of patients with oral diseases. Through literature review, this
paper reviewed the oral psychosomatic diseases closely related to patients'
psychological state, such as oral mucosal disease, temporomandibular joint disease,
bruxism, periodontal disease and so on. It was believed that these patients might
be more susceptible to the impact of stress events, and dental specialists should
pay more attention to them. At the same time, this paper analyzes the possible
psychological stress symptoms of patients with different oral diseases, and puts
forward suggestions for remote consultation and emergency treatment of dentists.
From the perspective of social role, dentists not only played the role of expert in
dental home professional guidance, but also played the role of psychological
counseling for patients.
PB -
CY -
VL - 55
IS - 0
PG - E003-E003
SP - E003
EP - E003
AN - 32086886
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20200213-00053
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The keypoints in treatment of the critical novel coronavirus pneumonia
patient
AU - Qiu, H. B.
AU - Li, X. Y.
AU - Du, B.
AU - Kang, H. Y. J.
AU - Wang, Y. S.
AU - Wang, F.
AU - Sun, B.
AU - Tong, Z. H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The novel coronavirus pneumonia (new coronavirus pneumonia) (NCP) has been
prevalent in Wuhan and spread rapidly to all of our country. Some cases can develop
into ARDS, or even death. We will share the treatment experience of severe NCP with
the first-line treatment experience. The best respiratory support mode should be
selected, but the timing of intubation and protection during intubation are two
difficulties; patients with high level peep and poor effect in prone position can
be given ECMO support. For NCP patients with mechanical ventilation, reasonable
sedation and analgesia strategies should be formulated; delirium should not be
ignored. In addition, there is up regulation of inflammatory factors in patients
with severe NCP, but the effect of renal replacement therapy needs to be further
confirmed by clinical research.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E022-E022
SP - E022
EP - E022
AN - 32087621
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200222-00151
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The New Coronavirus, the Current King of China
AU - Plotkin, Stanley A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Coronaviruses are respiratory viruses whose appearance on electron microscopy
looks like tiny crowns (Figure 1). The first coronaviruses discovered were the
cause of pediatric and adult respiratory infections that were not particularly
dangerous. One study from Vanderbilt found coronavirus in about 5% of samples from
upper respiratory illness and 8% from lower respiratory illness [1]. Most
clinically significant coronavirus infections have been found in children < 2
years of age, as reviewed in this journal in 2009 [2], although adults also might
suffer severe infections [3, 4]. This was the picture as late as 2018: a group of
respiratory viruses that could cause serious illness in the very young, but with
negligible mortality [5, 6].
JO - Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/jpids/piaa018
UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piaa018
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Genetic diversity and evolution of SARS-CoV-2
AU - Phan, Tung
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - COVID-19 is a viral respiratory illness caused by a new coronavirus called
SARS-CoV-2. The World Health Organization declared the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak a global
public health emergency. We performed genetic analyses of eighty-six complete or
near-complete genomes of SARS-CoV-2 and revealed many mutations and deletions on
coding and non-coding regions. These observations provided evidence of the genetic
diversity and rapid evolution of this novel coronavirus.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 104260
SP - 104260
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The SARS, MERS and novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemics, the newest and
biggest global health threats: what lessons have we learned?
AU - Peeri, Noah C.
AU - Shrestha, Nistha
AU - Rahman, Md Siddikur
AU - Zaki, Rafdzah
AU - Tan, Zhengqi
AU - Bibi, Saana
AU - Baghbanzadeh, Mahdi
AU - Aghamohammadi, Nasrin
AU - Zhang, Wenyi
AU - Haque, Ubydul
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - To provide an overview of the three major deadly coronaviruses and identify
areas for improvement of future preparedness plans, as well as provide a critical
assessment of the risk factors and actionable items for stopping their spread,
utilizing lessons learned from the first two deadly coronavirus outbreaks, as well
as initial reports from the current novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic in Wuhan,
China.Utilizing the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, USA) website,
and a comprehensive review of PubMed literature, we obtained information regarding
clinical signs and symptoms, treatment and diagnosis, transmission methods,
protection methods and risk factors for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS),
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and COVID-19. Comparisons between the
viruses were made.Inadequate risk assessment regarding the urgency of the
situation, and limited reporting on the virus within China has, in part, led to the
rapid spread of COVID-19 throughout mainland China and into proximal and distant
countries. Compared with SARS and MERS, COVID-19 has spread more rapidly, due in
part to increased globalization and the focus of the epidemic. Wuhan, China is a
large hub connecting the North, South, East and West of China via railways and a
major international airport. The availability of connecting flights, the timing of
the outbreak during the Chinese (Lunar) New Year, and the massive rail transit hub
located in Wuhan has enabled the virus to perforate throughout China, and
eventually, globally.We conclude that we did not learn from the two prior epidemics
of coronavirus and were ill-prepared to deal with the challenges the COVID-19
epidemic has posed. Future research should attempt to address the uses and
implications of internet of things (IoT) technologies for mapping the spread of
infection.
JO - International Journal of Epidemiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/ije/dyaa033
UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaa033
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Virus Isolation from the First Patient with SARS-CoV-2 in Korea
AU - Park, Wan Beom
AU - Kwon, Nak Jung
AU - Choi, Su Jin
AU - Kang, Chang Kyung
AU - Choe, Pyoeng Gyun
AU - Kim, Jin Yong
AU - Yun, Jiyoung
AU - Lee, Gir Won
AU - Seong, Moon Woo
AU - Kim, Nam Joong
AU - Seo, Jeong Sun
AU - Oh, Myoung Don
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is found to cause a large outbreak started
from Wuhan since December 2019 in China and SARS-CoV-2 infections have been
reported with epidemiological linkage to China in 25 countries until now. We
isolated SARS-CoV-2 from the oropharyngeal sample obtained from the patient with
the first laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in Korea. Cytopathic effects of
SARS-CoV-2 in the Vero cell cultures were confluent 3 days after the first blind
passage of the sample. Coronavirus was confirmed with spherical particle having a
fringe reminiscent of crown on transmission electron microscopy. Phylogenetic
analyses of whole genome sequences showed that it clustered with other SARS-CoV-2
reported from Wuhan.
PB -
CY -
VL - 35
IS - 7
PG - e84-e84
SP - e84
EP - e84
AN - 32080990
DO - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e84
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Technologies and requirements of protection and disinfection in key places
during the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) outbreak
AU - Prevention
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), a new respiratory infectious disease, has
become an important public health problem. Inappropriate protection and
disinfection measures are potential risk factors of transmission and outbreak of
NCP in key places. This theme issue is concerned with the prevention and control of
NCP. Comprehensive measures and suggestions for protection and disinfection are put
forward from perspectives of functional areas in key places, such as hotels, mobile
cabin hospitals, passenger transport stations and public transport facilities,
environment and facilities, personal protection, operation management system, etc.,
so as to provide technical support for the prevention and control of new
respiratory infectious diseases.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E008-E008
SP - E008
EP - E008
AN - 32077664
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00131
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19: another infectious disease emerging at the animal-human interface
AU - Murdoch, David R.
AU - French, Nigel P.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - N Z Med J
PB -
CY -
VL - 133
IS - 1510
PG - 12-15
SP - 12
EP - 15
AN - 32078596
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Expert consensus on chloroquine phosphate for the treatment of novel
AU - multicenter collaboration group of Department of, Science
AU - Technology of Guangdong, Province
AU - Health Commission of Guangdong Province for chloroquine in the treatment of
novel coronavirus, pneumonia
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - At the end of December 2019, a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) caused an
outbreak in Wuhan, and has quickly spread to all provinces in China and 26 other
countries around the world, leading to a serious situation for epidemic prevention.
So far, there is still no specific medicine. Previous studies have shown that
chloroquine phosphate (chloroquine) had a wide range of antiviral effects,
including anti-coronavirus. Here we found that treating the patients diagnosed as
novel coronavirus pneumonia with chloroquine might improve the success rate of
treatment, shorten hospital stay and improve patient outcome. In order to guide and
regulate the use of chloroquine in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia, the
multicenter collaboration group of Department of Science and Technology of
Guangdong Province and Health Commission of Guangdong Province for chloroquine in
the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia developed this expert consensus after
extensive discussion. It recommended chloroquine phosphate tablet, 500mg twice per
day for 10 days for patients diagnosed as mild, moderate and severe cases of novel
coronavirus pneumonia and without contraindications to chloroquine.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E019-E019
SP - E019
EP - E019
AN - 32075365
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0019
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI -
AU - Matter, M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Revue medicale suisse
PB -
CY -
VL - 16
IS - 681
PG - 340
SP - 340
EP -
AN -
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Preparing for the Most Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: The Potential
Role of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
AU - MacLaren, Graeme
AU - Fisher, Dale
AU - Brodie, Daniel
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1001/jama.2020.2342
SP - 10.1001/jama.2020.2342
EP -
AN - 32074258
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.2342
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Is it super-spreading?
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - If the covid-19 virus is transmitted largely by superspreaders, it might not
go pandemic, reports Debora MacKenzie
JO - New Scientist
PB -
CY -
VL - 245
IS - 3270
PG - 5
SP - 5
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30375-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Standardized diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer during the outbreak
of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Renji hospital
AU - Luo, Y.
AU - Zhong, M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) is currently raging in China. It has been
proven that NCP can be transmitted from human to human and cause hospital
infection, which seriously threatens surgical staffs and inpatients. Although
colorectal surgery is not a front-line subject in the fight against the epidemic,
but in this special situation, now it is a difficult task that with the premise of
how to maximize the protection for patients and their families, health of medical
staff, and the safety of wards and hospitals, we can provide the highest quality
medical services to ensure the orderly development of previous clinical work.
Referring to the "Diagnosis and Treatment Scheme for NCP (Trial Version 4 and 5)"
and combining the actual practice situation in our hospital with the "Summary of
New Coronavirus Files of Shanghai Renji Hospital", we summarize how to carry out
the clinical practice of colorectal surgery under the situation of the prevention
and control of the NCP epidemiology, meanwhile under such situation aiming the
procedure of diagnose and treatment for emergency patients with colorectal tumor,
we share the experiences of the diagnosis of colorectal tumor, the management of
patients with colorectal cancer who are scheduled to be admitted for surgery, the
protection of wards, the perioperative management. More importantly, we introduce
in detail the operative management and perioperative management of colorectal
surgery patients suspected or diagnosed with new coronary pneumonia, including
prevention and control measures for medical staff, operating rooms and surgical
instruments. The main points are as follows: (1) Multidisciplinary team (MDT) must
be run through the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. The members
include not only routine departments, but also respiratory department and
infectious department. (2) Colonoscopy examination may cause cross infection of NCP
to patients and doctors. Therefore, it is prior to examine the emergency cases and
life-threatening patients (bleeding, obstruction, gastrointestinal foreign bodies,
etc.). If the emergent patients (intestinal obstruction) with suspected or
confirmed NCP, the surgeons must perform emergency surgery, and intestinal
decompressive tube through colonoscopy is not recommended. (3) The colorectal
cancer patients with suspected or confirmed NCP should be placed in the isolated
room with separate medical devices, and the operative room with negative pressure
(under-5 Pa) must be separated. All disposable medical items, body fluids and feces
of the patients in perioperative periods must be unified disposed according to the
medical waste standard. (4) The surgical medical workers who process colorectal
cancer patients with NCP must be protected by three-level. After operation, the
medical workers must receive medical observation and be isolated for 14 days. We
hope our "Renji experience" will be beneficial to colleagues.
PB -
CY -
VL - 23
IS - 3
PG - E003-E003
SP - E003
EP - E003
AN - 32084676
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20200217-00057
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic: a veterinary perspective
AU - Lorusso, A.
AU - Calistri, P.
AU - Petrini, A.
AU - Savini, G.
AU - Decaro, N.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Veterinaria italiana
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.12834/VetIt.2173.11599.1
http://dx.doi.org/10.12834/VetIt.2173.11599.1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Preliminary study of the relationship between novel coronavirus pneumonia and
liver function damage: a multicenter study
AU - Liu, C.
AU - Jiang, Z. C.
AU - Shao, C. X.
AU - Zhang, H. G.
AU - Yue, H. M.
AU - Chen, Z. H.
AU - Ma, B. Y.
AU - Liu, W. Y.
AU - Huang, H. H.
AU - Yang, J.
AU - Wang, Y.
AU - Liu, H. Y.
AU - Xu, D.
AU - Wang, J. T.
AU - Yang, J. Y.
AU - Pan, H. Q.
AU - Zou, S. Q.
AU - Li, F. J.
AU - Lei, J. Q.
AU - Li, X.
AU - He, Q.
AU - Gu, Y.
AU - Qi, X. L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of cases of novel
coronavirus pneumonia and a preliminary study to explore the relationship between
different clinical classification and liver damage. Methods: Consecutively
confirmed novel coronavirus infection cases admitted to seven designated hospitals
during January 23, 2020 to February 8, 2020 were included. Clinical classification
(mild, moderate, severe, and critical) was carried out according to the diagnosis
and treatment program of novel coronavirus pneumonia (Trial Fifth Edition) issued
by the National Health Commission. The research data were analyzed using SPSS19.0
statistical software. Quantitative data were expressed as median (interquartile
range), and qualitative data were expressed as frequency and rate. Results: 32
confirmed cases that met the inclusion criteria were included. 28 cases were of
mild or moderate type (87.50%), and four cases (12.50%) of severe or critical type.
Four cases (12.5%) were combined with one underlying disease (bronchial asthma,
coronary heart disease, malignant tumor, chronic kidney disease), and one case
(3.13%) was simultaneously combined with high blood pressure and malignant tumor.
The results of laboratory examination showed that the alanine aminotransferase
(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin (ALB), and total bilirubin (TBil)
for entire cohort were 26.98 (16.88 ~ 46.09) U/L and 24.75 (18.71 ~ 31.79) U/L,
39.00 (36.20 ~ 44.20) g/L and 16.40 (11.34- ~ 21.15) mmol/L, respectively. ALT,
AST, ALB and TBil of the mild or moderate subgroups were 22.75 (16.31- ~ 37.25)
U/L, 23.63 (18.71 ~ 26.50) U/L, 39.70 (36.50 ~ 46.10) g/L, and 15.95 (11.34 ~
20.83) mmol/L, respectively. ALT, AST, ALB and TBil of the severe or critical
subgroups were 60.25 (40.88 ~ 68.90) U/L, 37.00 (20.88 ~ 64.45) U/L, 35.75 (28.68 ~
42.00) g/L, and 20.50 (11.28 ~ 25.00) mmol/L, respectively. Conclusion: The results
of this multicenter retrospective study suggests that novel coronavirus pneumonia
combined with liver damage is more likely to be caused by adverse drug reactions
and systemic inflammation in severe patients receiving medical treatment.
Therefore, liver function monitoring and evaluation should be strengthened during
the treatment of such patients.
JO - Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 28
IS - 2
PG - 148-152
SP - 148
EP - 152
AN - 32077660
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2020.02.003
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Asymptomatic novel coronavirus pneumonia patient outside WuHan: The value of
CT images in the course of the disease
AU - Lin, Chen
AU - Ding, Yuxiao
AU - Xie, Bin
AU - Sun, Zhujian
AU - Li, Xiaogang
AU - Chen, Zixian
AU - Niu, Meng
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The purpose of this case report is to describe the imaging and associated
clinical features of an asymptomatic novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) patient
outside WuHan, China. The principle findings are that in this patient with
laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, CT findings preceded symptoms and included bilateral
pleural effusions, previously not reported in association with COVID-19. The role
of this case report is promotion of potential recognition amongst radiologists of
this new disease, which has been declared a global health emergency by the World
Health Organization (WHO).
JO - Clinical Imaging
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.02.008
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Author's Response: Case of the Index Patient Who Caused Tertiary
Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea: the Application of
Lopinavir/Ritonavir for the Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia Monitored by
Quantitative RT-PCR
AU - Lim, Jaegyun
AU - Jeon, Seunghyun
AU - Shin, Hyun Young
AU - Kim, Moon Jung
AU - Seong, Yu Min
AU - Lee, Wang Jun
AU - Choe, Kang Won
AU - Kang, Yu Min
AU - Lee, Baeckseung
AU - Park, Sang Joon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 35
IS - 7
PG - e89-e89
SP - e89
EP - e89
AN - 32080993
DO - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e89
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Comparison of the clinical characteristics between RNA positive and negative
patients clinically diagnosed with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - Li, Y. Y.
AU - Wang, W. N.
AU - Lei, Y.
AU - Zhang, B.
AU - Yang, J.
AU - Hu, J. W.
AU - Ren, Y. L.
AU - Lu, Q. F.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To raise awareness about 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP)
and reduce missed diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate by comparing the clinical
characteristics between RNA positive and negative patients clinically diagnosed
with NCP. Methods: From January 2020 to February 2020, 54 patients who were newly
diagnosed with NCP in Wuhan Fourth Hospital were included in this study. RT-PCR
method was used to measure the level of 2019-nCov RNA in pharyngeal swab samples of
these patients. The patients were divided into RNA positive and negative group, and
the differences of clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics were
compared. Results: There were 31 RNA of 2019-nCov positive cases, and 23 negative
cases. Common clinical symptoms of two groups were fever (80.64% vs. 86.96%) ,
chills (61.29% vs.52.17%) , cough (80.64% vs.95.65%) , fatigue (61.30% vs.56.52%) ,
chest distress (77.42% vs.73.91%) . Some other symptoms were headache, myalgia,
dyspnea, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. The laboratory and radiological
characteristics of two groups mainly were lymphopenia, increased erythrocyte
sedimentation rate, increased C-reactive protein, increased lactate dehydrogenase,
decreased oxygenation index, normal white blood cell count and bilateral chest CT
involvement. There was no statistically significant difference in other clinical
characteristics except for dyspnea between two groups. Conclusions: RNA positive
and negative NCP patients shared similar clinical symptoms, while RNA positive NCP
patients tended to have dyspnea. Therefore, we should improve the understanding of
NCP to prevent missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis; In addition, more rapid and
accurate NCP diagnostic approaches should be further developed.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E023-E023
SP - E023
EP - E023
AN - 32087623
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200214-00095
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Preliminary Recommendations for Lung Surgery during SARS-CoV-2 Novel
Coronavirus Pneumonia Epidemic Period
AU - Li, Xin
AU - Liu, Minghui
AU - Zhao, Qingchun
AU - Liu, Renwang
AU - Zhang, Hongbing
AU - Dong, Ming
AU - Xu, Song
AU - Zhao, Honglin
AU - Wei, Sen
AU - Song, Zuoqing
AU - Chen, Gang
AU - Chen, Jun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, China diagnosed the first patient with novel coronavirus
pneumonia, and the following development of the epidemic had a huge impact on China
and the whole world. For patients with lung occupying lesions, the whole process of
diagnosis and treatment can not be carried out as usual due to the epidemic. For
thoracic surgeons, the timing of surgical intervention should be very carefully
considered. All thoracic surgeons in China should work together to develop the
proper procedures for the diagnosis and treatment in this special situation, and
continuously update the recommendations based on epidemic changes and further
understanding of new coronavirus pneumonia. Here, we only offer some preliminary
suggestions based on our own knowledge for further reference and discussion.
JO - Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 23
IS -
PG - 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.03.01
SP - 10.3779/j.issn.1009
EP - 3419.2020.03.01
AN - 32077440
DO - 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.03.01
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) from different species
sheds some light on cross-species receptor usage of a novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV
AU - Li, Rui
AU - Qiao, Songlin
AU - Zhang, Gaiping
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): The importance of recognising
possible early ocular manifestation and using protective eyewear
AU - Li, Ji-Peng Olivia
AU - Lam, Dennis Shun Chiu
AU - Chen, Youxin
AU - Ting, Daniel Shu Wei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Br J Ophthalmol
PB -
CY -
VL - 104
IS - 3
PG - 297-298
SP - 297
EP - 298
AN - 32086236
DO - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-315994
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Will heat kill the coronavirus?
AU - Le Page, Michael
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - We don't know if changing seasons will help stem the outbreak, says Michael
Le Page
JO - New Scientist
PB -
CY -
VL - 245
IS - 3270
PG - 6-7
SP - 6
EP - 7
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30377-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) cases in Hong Kong and implications for further
spread
AU - Kwok, Kin On
AU - Wong, Valerie
AU - Wei, Vivian Wan In
AU - Wong, Samuel Yeung Shan
AU - Tang, Julian Wei-Tze
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Calculating virus spread
AU - Kucharski, Adam
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Getting a full picture of the coronavirus outbreak is extremely difficult.
Maths can help plug some of the gaps, says Adam Kucharski
JO - New Scientist
PB -
CY -
VL - 245
IS - 3270
PG - 23
SP - 23
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30402-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Processing of the SARS-CoV pp1a/ab nsp7-10 region
AU - Krichel, Boris
AU - Falke, Sven
AU - Hilgenfeld, Rolf
AU - Redecke, Lars
AU - Uetrecht, Charlotte
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is the causative
agent of a respiratory disease with a high case fatality rate. During the formation
of the coronaviral replication/transcription complex (RTC), essential steps include
processing of the conserved polyprotein nsp7-10 region by the main protease Mpro
and subsequent complex formation of the released nsp's. Here, we analyzed
processing of the coronavirus nsp7-10 region using native mass spectrometry showing
consumption of substrate, rise and fall of intermediate products and complexation.
Importantly, there is a clear order of cleavage efficiencies, which is influenced
by the polyprotein tertiary structure. Furthermore, the predominant product is an
nsp7+8(2:2) hetero-tetramer with nsp8 scaffold. In conclusion, native MS, opposed
to other methods, can expose the processing dynamics of viral polyproteins and the
landscape of protein interactions in one set of experiments. Thereby, new insights
into protein interactions, essential for generation of viral progeny, were
provided, with relevance for development of antivirals.
JO - Biochem J
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - BCJ20200029
SP - BCJ20200029
EP -
AN - 32083638
DO - 10.1042/BCJ20200029
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Communicating the Risk of Death from Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU - Jung, Sung-mok
AU - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU - Anzai, Asami
AU - Yang, Yichi
AU - Yuan, Baoyin
AU - Suzuki, Ayako
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - To understand the severity of infection for a given disease, it is common
epidemiological practice to estimate the case fatality risk, defined as the risk of
death among cases. However, there are three technical obstacles that should be
addressed to appropriately measure this risk. First, division of the cumulative
number of deaths by that of cases tends to underestimate the actual risk because
deaths that will occur have not yet observed, and so the delay in time from illness
onset to death must be addressed. Second, the observed dataset of reported cases
represents only a proportion of all infected individuals and there can be a
substantial number of asymptomatic and mildly infected individuals who are never
diagnosed. Third, ascertainment bias and risk of death among all those infected
would be smaller when estimated using shorter virus detection windows and less
sensitive diagnostic laboratory tests. In the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic, health
authorities must cope with the uncertainty in the risk of death from COVID-19, and
high-risk individuals should be identified using approaches that can address the
abovementioned three problems. Although COVID-19 involves mostly mild infections
among the majority of the general population, the risk of death among young adults
is higher than that of seasonal influenza, and elderly with underlying
comorbidities require additional care.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020580
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Rules on isolation rooms for suspected covid-19 cases in GP surgeries to be
relaxed
AU - Kmietowicz, Zosia
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m707-m707
SP - m707
EP - m707
AN - 32086235
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m707
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Drug trials under way
AU - Klein, Alice
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - We'll soon know if covid-19 can be treated with drugs developed for HIV and
Ebola, reports Alice Klein
JO - New Scientist
PB -
CY -
VL - 245
IS - 3270
PG - 6
SP - 6
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30376-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Viral Load Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in First Two Patients in Korea
AU - Kim, Jin Yong
AU - Ko, Jae Hoon
AU - Kim, Yeonjae
AU - Kim, Yae Jean
AU - Kim, Jeong Min
AU - Chung, Yoon Seok
AU - Kim, Heui Man
AU - Han, Myung Guk
AU - Kim, So Yeon
AU - Chin, Bum Sik
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As of February 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-
CoV-2) outbreak started in China in December 2019 has been spreading in many
countries in the world. With the numbers of confirmed cases are increasing,
information on the epidemiologic investigation and clinical manifestation have been
accumulated. However, data on viral load kinetics in confirmed cases are lacking.
Here, we present the viral load kinetics of the first two confirmed patients with
mild to moderate illnesses in Korea in whom distinct viral load kinetics are shown.
This report suggests that viral load kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 may be different from
that of previously reported other coronavirus infections such as SARS-CoV.
PB -
CY -
VL - 35
IS - 7
PG - e86-e86
SP - e86
EP - e86
AN - 32080991
DO - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e86
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Letter to the Editor: Case of the Index Patient Who Caused Tertiary
Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea: the Application of
Lopinavir/Ritonavir for the Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia Monitored by
Quantitative RT-PCR
AU - Kim, Jin Yong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 35
IS - 7
PG - e88-e88
SP - e88
EP - e88
AN - 32080992
DO - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e88
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Fear of the novel coronavirus
AU - Kelvin, D. J.
AU - Rubino, S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
PB -
CY -
VL - 14
IS - 1
PG - 1-2
SP - 1
EP - 2
AN -
DO - 10.3855/jidc.12496
http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.12496
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - In this issue of Occupational Medicine
AU - Jackson-Koku, Gordon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The recent COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan city (Hubei Province of central China),
presents significant public health challenges not only in china but across all
affected countries worldwide. Koh [1] succinctly describes what coronaviruses are,
and outlines six known species associated with human illnesses. The article also
describes countries of origin of previous coronavirus disease outbreaks and reports
number of known fatalities with associated case-fatality rates. Occupations
implicated in the current COVID-19 outbreak are detailed and groups at high risk of
contracting the infection e.g. healthcare workers highlighted. Social
stigmatisation associated with COVID-19 is explored and suggested measures to
contain the infection discussed.
JO - Occupational Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/occmed/kqaa028
UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaa028
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Thinking of treatment strategies for colorectal cancer patients in tumor
hospitals under the background of coronavirus pneumonia
AU - Hu, X. H.
AU - Niu, W. B.
AU - Zhang, J. F.
AU - Li, B. K.
AU - Yu, B.
AU - Zhang, Z. Y.
AU - Zhou, C. X.
AU - Zhang, X. N.
AU - Gao, Y.
AU - Wang, G. Y.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, a new outbreak of coronavirus pneumonia began to occur. Its
pathogen is 2019-nCoV, which has the characteristics of strong infectivity and
general susceptibility. The current situation of prevention and control of new
coronavirus pneumonia is severe. In this context, as front-line medical workers
bearing important responsibilities and pressure, while through strict management
strategy, we can minimize the risk of infection exposure. By summarizing the
research progress and guidelines in recent years in the fields of colorectal cancer
disease screening, treatment strategies(including early colorectal cancer, locally
advanced colorectal cancer, obstructive colorectal cancer, metastatic colorectal
cancer and the treatment of patients after neoadjuvant therapy), the choice of
medication and time limit for adjuvant therapy, the protective measures for
patients undergoing emergency surgery, the re-examination of postoperative patients
and the protection of medical staff, etc., authors improve treatment strategies in
order to provide more choices for patients to obtain the best treatment under the
severe epidemic situation of new coronavirus pneumonia. Meanwhile we hope that it
can also provide more timely treatment modeling schemes for colleagues.
PB -
CY -
VL - 23
IS - 3
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN - 32084675
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20200217-00058
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus pneumonia related liver injury: etiological analysis and
treatment strategy
AU - Hu, L. L.
AU - Wang, W. J.
AU - Zhu, Q. J.
AU - Yang, L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP) caused by 2019 novel
coronavirus has become a global public health challenge. Some patients accompany
with liver function damage in addition to the main typical respiratory symptom.
Here we analyzed the clinical features, susceptible population, potential causes
and therapeutic strategies of NCP related liver injury.
PB -
CY -
VL - 28
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN - 32075364
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2020.02.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Risk assessment of exported risk of novel coronavirus pneumonia from Hubei
Province
AU - Hu, J. X.
AU - He, G. H.
AU - Liu, T.
AU - Xiao, J. P.
AU - Rong, Z. H.
AU - Guo, L. C.
AU - Zeng, W. L.
AU - Zhu, Z. H.
AU - Gong, D. X.
AU - Yin, L. H.
AU - Wan, D. H.
AU - Zeng, L. L.
AU - Ma, W. J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To evaluate the exported risk of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP)
from Hubei Province and the imported risk in various provinces across China.
Methods: Data of reported NCP cases and Baidu Migration Indexin all provinces of
the country as of February 14, 2020 were collected. The correlation analysis
between cumulative number of reported cases and the migration index from Hubei was
performed, and the imported risks from Hubei to different provinces across China
were further evaluated. Results: A total of 49 970 confirmed cases were reported
nationwide, of which 37 884 were in Hubei Province. The average daily migration
index from Hubei to other provinces was 312.09, Wuhan and other cities in Hubei
were 117.95 and 194.16, respectively. The cumulative NCP cases of provinces was
positively correlated with the migration index derived from Hubei province, also in
Wuhan and other cities in Hubei, with correlation coefficients of 0.84, 0.84, and
0.81. In linear model, population migration from Hubei Province, Wuhan and other
cities in Hubei account for 71.2%, 70.1%, and 66.3% of the variation, respectively.
The period of high exported risk from Hubei occurred before January 27, of which
the risks before January 23 mainly came from Wuhan, and then mainly from other
cities in Hubei. Hunan Province, Henan Province and Guangdong Province ranked the
top three in terms of cumulative imported risk (the cumulative risk indices were
58.61, 54.75 and 49.62 respectively). Conclusion: The epidemic in each province was
mainly caused by the importation of Hubei Province. Taking measures such as
restricting the migration of population in Hubei Province and strengthening
quarantine measures for immigrants from Hubei Province may greatly reduce the risk
of continued spread of the epidemic.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E017-E017
SP - E017
EP - E017
AN - 32083409
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200219-00142
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Offline: Facts are not enough
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10224
PG - 546
SP - 546
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30405-0
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30405-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical Features of Atypical 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia with an
initially Negative RT-PCR Assay
AU - Hao, Wendong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Exploring the mechanism of liver enzyme abnormalities in patients with novel
coronavirus-infected pneumonia
AU - Guan, G. W.
AU - Gao, L.
AU - Wang, J. W.
AU - Wen, X. J.
AU - Mao, T. H.
AU - Peng, S. W.
AU - Zhang, T.
AU - Chen, X. M.
AU - Lu, F. M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To explore and analyze the possible mechanism of liver injury in
patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (novel coronavirus pneumonia, NCP). Methods:
The correlation between ALT, AST and other liver enzyme changes condition and NCP
patients' disease status reported in the literature was comprehensively analyzed.
ACE2 expression in liver tissue for novel coronavirus was analyzed based on single
cell sequencing (GSE115469) data. RNA-Seq method was used to analyze Ace2
expression and transcription factors related to its expression in liver tissues at
various time-points after hepatectomy in mouse model of acute liver injury with
partial hepatectomy. t-test or Spearman rank correlation analysis was used for
statistical analysis. Results: ALT and AST were abnormally elevated in some
patients with novel coronavirus infection, and the rate and extent of ALT and AST
elevation in severe NCP patients were higher than those in non-severe patients.
Liver tissue results of single cell sequencing and immunohistochemistry showed that
ACE2 was only expressed in bile duct epithelial cells of normal liver tissues, and
very low in hepatocytes. In a mouse model of acute liver injury with partial
hepatectomy, Ace2 expression was down-regulated on the first day, but it was
elevated up to twice of the normal level on the third day, and returned to normal
level on seventh day when the liver recovered and hepatocyte proliferation stopped.
Whether this phenomenon suggests that the bile duct epithelial cells with positive
expression of Ace2 participate in the process of liver regeneration after partial
hepatectomy deserves further study. In RNA-Seq data, 77 transcription factors were
positively correlated with the expression of ACE2 (r > 0.2, FDR < 0.05), which were
mainly enriched in the development, differentiation, morphogenesis and cell
proliferation of glandular epithelial cells. Conclusion: We assumed that in
addition to the over activated inflammatory response in patients with NCP, the up-
regulation of ACE2 expression in liver tissue caused by compensatory proliferation
of hepatocytes derived from bile duct epithelial cells may also be the possible
mechanism of liver tissue injury caused by 2019 novel coronavirus infection.
PB -
CY -
VL - 28
IS - 2
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN - 32077659
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2020.02.002
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential benefits of precise corticosteroids therapy for severe 2019-nCoV
pneumonia
AU - Gao, Wei Zhou
AU - Yisi, Liu
AU - Dongdong, Tian
AU - Cheng, Wang
AU - Sa, Wang
AU - Jing, Cheng
AU - Ming, Hu
AU - Minghao, Fang
AU - Yue
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Salvage corticosteroids treatment for critical patients with 2019-nCoV?
Corticosteroids are widely used to prevent lung injury caused by severe community-
acquired pneumonia (sCAP) due to their excellent pharmacological effects on the
suppression of exuberant and dysfunctional systematic inflammation5. Some scholars
may not support the corticosteroids treatment for novel coronavirus pneumonia
(NCP), because observational studies and systematic reviews have indicated
inconclusive clinical evidence on the effect of corticosteroids therapy for viral
pneumonias (such as SARS, MERS and H1N1). Additionally, pulse-dose therapy or long-
term administration to high dose of corticosteroids in early stage were reported to
be possibly harmful6,7,8. However, these conclusions obscured the clinical benefits
of corticosteroids on some subgroups of patients, particularly those with severe
symptoms, as the clinical effects might be related to the indication (severities of
illness), the timing of intervention, the dose and duration of corticosteroids
therapy9.
JO - Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
PB -
CY -
VL - 5
IS - 1
PG - 1-3
SP - 1
EP - 3
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41392-020-0127-9
UR - https://doaj.org/article/18a3df3e917b4681805a7febb11a8b6d
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Chinese medical personnel against the 2019-nCoV
AU - Feng, Zhan-hui
AU - Cheng, Yong-ran
AU - Chen, Juan
AU - Ye, Lan
AU - Zhou, Meng-Yun
AU - Wang, Ming-Wei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - SARS-CoV-2: a novel deadly virus in a globalised world
AU - Dilcher, Meik
AU - Werno, Anja
AU - Jennings, Lance C.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - N Z Med J
PB -
CY -
VL - 133
IS - 1510
PG - 6-11
SP - 6
EP - 11
AN - 32078595
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Real-time forecasts of the COVID-19 epidemic in China from February 5th to
February 24th, 2020
AU - Chowell, K. Roosa
AU - Lee, Y.
AU - Luo, R.
AU - Kirpich, A.
AU - Rothenberg, R.
AU - Hyman, J. M.
AU - Yan, P.
AU - G
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The initial cluster of severe pneumonia cases that triggered the COVID-19
epidemic was identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. While early cases of the
disease were linked to a wet market, human-to-human transmission has driven the
rapid spread of the virus throughout China. The Chinese government has implemented
containment strategies of city-wide lockdowns, screening at airports and train
stations, and isolation of suspected patients; however, the cumulative case count
keeps growing every day. The ongoing outbreak presents a challenge for modelers, as
limited data are available on the early growth trajectory, and the epidemiological
characteristics of the novel coronavirus are yet to be fully elucidated.We use
phenomenological models that have been validated during previous outbreaks to
generate and assess short-term forecasts of the cumulative number of confirmed
reported cases in Hubei province, the epicenter of the epidemic, and for the
overall trajectory in China, excluding the province of Hubei. We collect daily
reported cumulative confirmed cases for the 2019-nCoV outbreak for each Chinese
province from the National Health Commission of China. Here, we provide 5, 10, and
15 day forecasts for five consecutive days, February 5th through February 9th, with
quantified uncertainty based on a generalized logistic growth model, the Richards
growth model, and a sub-epidemic wave model.Our most recent forecasts reported
here, based on data up until February 9, 2020, largely agree across the three
models presented and suggest an average range of 7409–7496 additional confirmed
cases in Hubei and 1128–1929 additional cases in other provinces within the next
five days. Models also predict an average total cumulative case count between
37,415 and 38,028 in Hubei and 11,588–13,499 in other provinces by February 24,
2020.Mean estimates and uncertainty bounds for both Hubei and other provinces have
remained relatively stable in the last three reporting dates (February 7th – 9th).
We also observe that each of the models predicts that the epidemic has reached
saturation in both Hubei and other provinces. Our findings suggest that the
containment strategies implemented in China are successfully reducing transmission
and that the epidemic growth has slowed in recent days. Keywords: COVID-19,
Coronavirus, China, Real-time forecasts, Phenomenological models
PB -
CY -
VL - 5
IS -
PG - 256-263
SP - 256
EP - 263
AN -
DO -
UR - https://doaj.org/article/0276c63770da45029691ba6040d13cbd
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Treatment strategy for gastrointestinal tumor under the outbreak of novel
coronavirus pneumonia in China
AU - Chen, Y. H.
AU - Peng, J. S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has become a public
health emergency in China. Chinese authorities and health agencies had devoted
great efforts to control this disease. As surgeons specialized in the treatment of
gastrointestinal tumors, we should always be aware of the prevention for NCP and
incorporate this awareness into every detail of clinical practice. For the patients
with gastrointestinal tumors, pre-admission screening should be done in order to
rule out NCP. Real-time RT-PCR panel and chest CT scan should be conducted for
patients with fever (>37.3℃), travel history to Hubei Province within 14 days, or
contact history with residents from Wuhan district within 14 days. Prevention
measures for both medical staffs and the screen-negative admitted patients should
also be enhanced because false negative is possible. Medical instruments should be
properly discarded or disinfected according to standardized procedures established
by the local center for disease control and prevention (CDC). Surgical operation
should be reduced at a minimal level to prevent cross infection in this special
period.Surgical intervention for benign tumor should be postponed. For malignant
tumor, multidisciplinary therapy (MDT) is recommended and non-surgical anti-tumor
therapy should be selected with higher priority. Neoadjuvant therapy is highly
recommended for gastrointestinal cancer at advanced stages that meet the
indications of NCCN guideline (gastric cancer T stage ≥ 2/rectal cancer T stage ≥
3/unresectable colon cancer). Gastric or esophagogastricjunction (EGJ) malignant
tumor with obstruction can be managed with gastric tube decompression or stent
placement to relieve the symptoms. Transnasal enteral feeding tube
intubation/percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy could be adopted to ensure enteral
nutrition supply. For colorectal malignancy with simple intestinal obstruction,
stent placement can achieve a high success rate, which not only helps avoid
emergency surgery, but also creates a better condition for subsequent surgery.
Transcatheter arterial embolization for hemostasis is an alternative choice for
gastrointestinal tumor with bleeding. However, emergency operation still must be
performed for patients with acute uncontrolled bleeding, obstruction or after other
alternative treatment measures fail. All cases with suspicious or confirmed with
NCP must be reported to the local CDC department. All invasive intervention must be
performed in a designated isolation area. Tertiary prevention measure must be
adopted for all anesthetists with additional face mask or medical goggle protection
to prevent respiratory droplet transmission. Preventive enterostomy is preferable
in lower digestive tract surgery. Thoroughly disinfecting the operating room after
surgery is necessary. Fever after surgery must be carefully differentiated whether
it's caused by post-surgery abdominal infection/inflammation or NCP. Single-room
isolation and related examinations should be performed according to the standard
procedures. We believe that with the unprecedentedly joint efforts of doctors and
patients, we will eventually win this war against NCP.
PB -
CY -
VL - 23
IS - 2
PG - I-IV
SP - I
EP - IV
AN - 32074786
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0274.2020.02.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus Disease 2019: Coronaviruses and Blood Safety
AU - Chang, Le
AU - Yan, Ying
AU - Wang, Lunan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - With the outbreak of unknown pneumonia in Wuhan, China in December 2019, a
new coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)
aroused the attention of the entire world. The current outbreak of infections with
SARS-CoV-2 is termed Corona Virus Disease- 2019 (COVID-19). The World Health
Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 in China as a Public Health Emergency of
International Concern (PHEIC). Two other corona virus infections-- SARS in 2002–
2003 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012-- both caused severe
respiratory syndrome in humans. All three of these emerging infectious diseases
leading to a global spread are caused by beta-coronaviruses. Although coronaviruses
usually infect the upper or lower respiratory tract, viral shedding in plasma or
serum is common. Therefore, there is still a theoretical risk of transmission of
coronaviruses through the transfusion of labile blood products. Because more and
more asymptomatic infections are being found among COVID-19 cases, considerations
of blood safety and coronaviruses have arisen especially in endemic areas. In this
review, we detail current evidence and understanding of the transmission of SARS-
CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 through blood products as of February 10, 2020 and
also discuss pathogen inactivation methods on coronaviruses.
JO - Transfusion Medicine Reviews
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmrv.2020.02.003
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Global challenges in health and health care for nurses and midwives
everywhere
AU - Catton, H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The next decade is likely to produce any number of global challenges that
will affect health and health care, including pan-national infections such as the
new coronavirus COVID-19 and others that will be related to global warming. Nurses
will be required to react to these events, even though they will also be affected
as ordinary citizens. The future resilience of healthcare services will depend on
having sufficient numbers of nurses who are adequately resourced to face the coming
challenges.
JO - Int Nurs Rev
PB -
CY -
VL - 67
IS - 1
PG - 4-6
SP - 4
EP - 6
AN - 32083728
DO - 10.1111/inr.12578
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel Viruses, Zoonotic Infections, and Travel Health
AU - Brucker, Mary C.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Nursing for Women's Health
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nwh.2020.02.002
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Risk Assessment of Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 Outbreaks Outside China
Characteristics of and Public Health Responses to the Coronavirus Disease 2019
Outbreak in China
AU - Boldog, Péter
AU - Tekeli, Tamás
AU - Vizi, Zsolt
AU - Dénes, Attila
AU - Bartha, A. Ferenc
AU - Röst, Gergely
AU - Deng, Sheng-Qun
AU - Peng, Hong-Juan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - We developed a computational tool to assess the risks of novel coronavirus
outbreaks outside of China. We estimate the dependence of the risk of a major
outbreak in a country from imported cases on key parameters such as: (i) the
evolution of the cumulative number of cases in mainland China outside the closed
areas; (ii) the connectivity of the destination country with China, including
baseline travel frequencies, the effect of travel restrictions, and the efficacy of
entry screening at destination; and (iii) the efficacy of control measures in the
destination country (expressed by the local reproduction number R loc ). We found
that in countries with low connectivity to China but with relatively high R loc ,
the most beneficial control measure to reduce the risk of outbreaks is a further
reduction in their importation number either by entry screening or travel
restrictions. Countries with high connectivity but low R loc benefit the most from
policies that further reduce R loc . Countries in the middle should consider a
combination of such policies. Risk assessments were illustrated for selected groups
of countries from America, Asia, and Europe. We investigated how their risks depend
on those parameters, and how the risk is increasing in time as the number of cases
in China is growing. In December 2019, cases of unidentified pneumonia with a
history of exposure in the Huanan Seafood Market were reported in Wuhan, Hubei
Province. A novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was identified to be accountable for
this disease. Human-to-human transmission is confirmed, and this disease (named
COVID-19 by World Health Organization (WHO)) spread rapidly around the country and
the world. As of 18 February 2020, the number of confirmed cases had reached 75,199
with 2009 fatalities. The COVID-19 resulted in a much lower case-fatality rate
(about 2.67%) among the confirmed cases, compared with Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). Among the symptom
composition of the 45 fatality cases collected from the released official reports,
the top four are fever, cough, short of breath, and chest tightness/pain. The major
comorbidities of the fatality cases include hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart
disease, cerebral infarction, and chronic bronchitis. The source of the virus and
the pathogenesis of this disease are still unconfirmed. No specific therapeutic
drug has been found. The Chinese Government has initiated a level-1 public health
response to prevent the spread of the disease. Meanwhile, it is also crucial to
speed up the development of vaccines and drugs for treatment, which will enable us
to defeat COVID-19 as soon as possible.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020571 10.3390/jcm9020575ER -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Chest CT Findings in Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19): Relationship to
Duration of Infection
AU - Bernheim, Adam
AU - Mei, Xueyan
AU - Huang, Mingqian
AU - Yang, Yang
AU - Fayad, Zahi A.
AU - Zhang, Ning
AU - Diao, Kaiyue
AU - Lin, Bin
AU - Zhu, Xiqi
AU - Li, Kunwei
AU - Li, Shaolin
AU - Shan, Hong
AU - Jacobi, Adam
AU - Chung, Michael
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In this retrospective study, chest CTs of 121 symptomatic patients infected
with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) from four centers in China from January 18,
2020 to February 2, 2020 were reviewed for common CT findings in relationship to
the time between symptom onset and the initial CT scan (i.e. early, 0-2 days (36
patients), intermediate 3-5 days (33 patients), late 6-12 days (25 patients)). The
hallmarks of COVID-19 infection on imaging were bilateral and peripheral ground-
glass and consolidative pulmonary opacities. Notably, 20/36 (56%) of early patients
had a normal CT. With a longer time after the onset of symptoms, CT findings were
more frequent, including consolidation, bilateral and peripheral disease, greater
total lung involvement, linear opacities, "crazy-paving" pattern and the "reverse
halo" sign. Bilateral lung involvement was observed in 10/36 early patients (28%),
25/33 intermediate patients (76%), and 22/25 late patients (88%).
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200463-200463
SP - 200463
EP - 200463
AN - 32077789
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200463
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19
AU - Bai, Yan
AU - Yao, Lingsheng
AU - Wei, Tao
AU - Tian, Fei
AU - Jin, Dong-Yan
AU - Chen, Lijuan
AU - Wang, Meiyun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1001/jama.2020.2565
SP - 10.1001/jama.2020.2565
EP -
AN - 32083643
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.2565
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The non-contact handheld cutaneous infra-red thermometer for fever screening
during the COVID-19 global emergency
AU - Aw, Dr Junjie
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-2019: the role of the nsp2 and nsp3 in its pathogenesis
AU - Bianchi, Martina
AU - Pascarella, Stefano
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Last December 2019, a new virus, named COVID-2019 causing many cases of
severe pneumonia was reported in Wuhan, China. The virus knowledge is limited and
especially about COVID-2019 pathogenesis. The Open Reading Frame 1ab (ORF1ab) of
COVID-2019 has been analyzed to evidence the presence of mutation caused by
selective pressure on the virus. For selective pressure analysis fast-unconstrained
Bayesian approximation (FUBAR) was used. Homology modelling has been performed by
SwissModel and HHPred servers. The presence of transmembrane helical segments in
Coronavirus ORF1ab nsp2 and nsp3, was tested by TMHMM, MEMSAT and MEMPACK tools.
Three-dimensional structures have been analyzed and displayed using PyMOL. FUBAR
analysis revealed the presence of potential sites under positive selective pressure
(p-value < 0.05). Position 723 in the COVID-2019 has a serine instead a glycine
residue, while at aminoacidic position 1010 a proline instead an isoleucine.
Significant (p < 0.05) pervasive negative selection in 2416 sites (55%) was found.
The positive selective pressure could account for some clinical features of this
virus compared to SARS and Bat SARS-like CoV. The stabilizing mutation falling in
the endosome-associated-protein-like domain of the nsp2 protein could account for
COVID-2019 high ability of contagious, while the destabilizing mutation in nsp3
proteins could suggest a potential mechanism differentiating COVID-2019 from SARS.
These data could be helpful for further investigation aimed to identify potential
therapeutic targets or vaccine strategy, especially in the actual moment when the
epidemic is ongoing and the scientific community is trying to enrich knowledge
about this new viral pathogen. This article is protected by copyright. All rights
reserved.
JO - J Med Virol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1002/jmv.25719
SP - 10.1002/jmv.25719
EP -
AN - 32083328
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25719
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - In Case You Haven't Heard…
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - China reported a major drop in new coronavirus cases to 2,641 on Feb. 15, a
decline after Chinese officials began implementing measures to contain the illness,
and a slight increase in new deaths to 143, Fox News reported Feb. 16. The new
figures bring the total number of deaths from the virus, now known as COVID-19, to
1,523 globally, and there are 66,492 confirmed cases in the country, according to
China's National Health Commission. The outbreak has taxed health care workers,
doctors and nurses throughout China, particularly in Wuhan, where it first
originated in December 2019. Robots have been deployed in some hospitals to deliver
medicines and disinfect surfaces so workers are free to do other tasks. Survivors
of the outbreak in China could face a mental health toll after weeks of being
quarantined from the rest of the world, which could create anxiety and fear,
according to some mental health professionals.
JO - Mental Health Weekly
PB -
CY -
VL - 30
IS - 8
PG - 8-8
SP - 8
EP - 8
AN -
DO - 10.1002/mhw.32253
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32253
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - World Economic Prospects Monthly
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Overview: Coronavirus to cut global growth to new lows ▀ The rapid spread of
coronavirus will weaken China's GDP growth sharply in the short term, causing
disruption for the rest of the world. We now expect global GDP growth to slow to
just 1.9% y/y in Q1 this year and have lowered our forecast for 2020 as a whole
from 2.5% to 2.3%, down from 2.6% in 2019. ▀ Prior to the coronavirus outbreak,
there had been signs that the worst was over for both world trade and the
manufacturing sector. However, this tentative optimism has been dashed by the
current disruption. ▀ While the near-term impact of the virus is uncertain, the
disruption to China will clearly be significant in Q1 ? we expect Chinese GDP
growth to plunge to just 3.8% y/y. Even though growth there will rebound in Q2 and
Q3, it will take time for the loss in activity to be fully recovered and we now
expect GDP growth of just 5.4% for 2020 as a whole, a downward revision of 0.6pp
from last month. ▀ Weaker Chinese imports and tourism and disruption to global
supply chains will take a toll on the rest of the world, particularly in the Asia-
Pacific region. And the shock will exacerbate the ongoing slowdown in the US and
may result in the eurozone barely expanding for a second quarter running in Q1. ▀
Weaker oil demand in the short term has prompted us to lower our Brent oil price
forecast. We have cut our projection for growth in crude demand in 2020 by 0.2m b/d
to 0.9 mb/d and now forecast Brent crude will average $62.4pb in 2020, down from
about $65pb in our January forecast. ▀ Quarterly global growth is likely to
strengthen a little in H2 this year as the disruption fades and firms make up for
the lost output earlier in the year and the effect of China's policy response
starts to feed through. But for 2020 overall, global growth is now likely to be
just 2.3%, 0.2pp weaker than previously assumed as a result of the epidemic.
JO - Economic Outlook
PB -
CY -
VL - 44
IS - S2
PG - 1-33
SP - 1
EP - 33
AN -
DO - 10.1111/1468-0319.12472
UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0319.12472
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Risk and Prevention of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Infections Among
Inpatients in Psychiatric Hospitals
AU - Zhu, Yuncheng
AU - Chen, Liangliang
AU - Ji, Haifeng
AU - Xi, Maomao
AU - Fang, Yiru
AU - Li, Yi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since the middle of December 2019, human-to-human transmission of novel
coronavirus pneumonia (NCP, also called COVID-19) has occurred among close contacts
[1]. After the outbreak on January 21, 2020, it was swiftly included among the
Class B infectious diseases stipulated in the Law of the People’s Republic of China
on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, and measures for prevention
and control of Class A infectious diseases were adopted. At 21:27 on February 12,
2020, the China News Network updated information to include epidemic data from the
National Health Commission and official channels in Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan
regions: the highest death rate was in Wuhan City (Table 1). Overload of inpatients
at hospitals may play a negative role in the overall therapeutic effect and
contribute to the death rateER -
JO - Neuroscience Bulletin
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s12264-020-00476-9
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-020-00476-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Chinese medical staff request international medical assistance in fighting
against COVID-19
AU - Zeng, Yingchun
AU - Zhen, Yan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet Global Health
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30065-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Facing the COVID-19 outbreak: What should we know and what could we do?
AU - Yang, Yi
AU - Shang, Weilong
AU - Rao, Xiancai
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-
CoV-2), emerged in Wuhan, Hubei Province in China in December 2019 and caused a
serious type of pneumonia called coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19. This
epidemic quickly spread across China and extended to more than 20 other countries.
This commentary discusses the reasons for the fast spread of SARS-CoV-2 in three
aspects: the infectious sources, including the biological nature of the virus; the
susceptible population; and the transmission routes. The current situations and
suggestions regarding the control of the disease are summarized. This article is
JO - J Med Virol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1002/jmv.25720
SP - 10.1002/jmv.25720
EP -
AN - 32091134
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25720
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2
pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study
AU - Yang, Xiaobo
AU - Yu, Yuan
AU - Xu, Jiqian
AU - Shu, Huaqing
AU - Xia, Jia'an
AU - Liu, Hong
AU - Wu, Yongran
AU - Zhang, Lu
AU - Yu, Zhui
AU - Fang, Minghao
AU - Yu, Ting
AU - Wang, Yaxin
AU - Pan, Shangwen
AU - Zou, Xiaojing
AU - Yuan, Shiying
AU - Shang, You
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Summary Background An ongoing outbreak of pneumonia associated with the
severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) started in December, 2019, in
Wuhan, China. Information about critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
is scarce. We aimed to describe the clinical course and outcomes of critically ill
patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Methods In this single-centered, retrospective,
observational study, we enrolled 52 critically ill adult patients with SARS-CoV-2
pneumonia who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Wuhan Jin Yin-tan
hospital (Wuhan, China) between late December, 2019, and Jan 26, 2020. Demographic
data, symptoms, laboratory values, comorbidities, treatments, and clinical outcomes
were all collected. Data were compared between survivors and non-survivors. The
primary outcome was 28-day mortality, as of Feb 9, 2020. Secondary outcomes
included incidence of SARS-CoV-2-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
and the proportion of patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Findings Of 710
patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, 52 critically ill adult patients were included.
The mean age of the 52 patients was 59·7 (SD 13·3) years, 35 (67%) were men, 21
(40%) had chronic illness, 51 (98%) had fever. 32 (61·5%) patients had died at 28
days, and the median duration from admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) to
death was 7 (IQR 3–11) days for non-survivors. Compared with survivors, non-
survivors were older (64·6 years [11·2] vs 51·9 years [12·9]), more likely to
develop ARDS (26 [81%] patients vs 9 [45%] patients), and more likely to receive
mechanical ventilation (30 [94%] patients vs 7 [35%] patients), either invasively
or non-invasively. Most patients had organ function damage, including 35 (67%) with
ARDS, 15 (29%) with acute kidney injury, 12 (23%) with cardiac injury, 15 (29%)
with liver dysfunction, and one (2%) with pneumothorax. 37 (71%) patients required
mechanical ventilation. Hospital-acquired infection occurred in seven (13·5%)
patients. Interpretation The mortality of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2
pneumonia is considerable. The survival time of the non-survivors is likely to be
within 1–2 weeks after ICU admission. Older patients (>65 years) with comorbidities
and ARDS are at increased risk of death. The severity of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia poses
great strain on critical care resources in hospitals, especially if they are not
adequately staffed or resourced. Funding None.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Unveiling the Origin and Transmission of 2019-nCoV
AU - Xu, Yifei
PY -
PD -
N2 - A novel coronavirus has caused thousands of human infections in China since
December 2019, raising a global public health concern. Recent studies (Huang et
al., Chan et al., and Zhou et al.) have provided timely insights into its origin
and ability to spread among humans, informing infection prevention and control
practices.
JO - Trends in Microbiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/j.tim.2020.02.001
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2020.02.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral
mucosa
AU - Xu, Hao
AU - Zhong, Liang
AU - Deng, Jiaxin
AU - Peng, Jiakuan
AU - Dan, Hongxia
AU - Zeng, Xin
AU - Li, Taiwen
AU - Chen, Qianming
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - It has been reported that ACE2 is the main host cell receptor of 2019-nCoV
and plays a crucial role in the entry of virus into the cell to cause the final
infection. To investigate the potential route of 2019-nCov infection on the mucosa
of oral cavity, bulk RNA-seq profiles from two public databases including The
Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Functional Annotation of The Mammalian Genome Cap
Analysis of Gene Expression (FANTOM5 CAGE) dataset were collected. RNA-seq
profiling data of 13 organ types with para-carcinoma normal tissues from TCGA and
14 organ types with normal tissues from FANTOM5 CAGE were analyzed in order to
explore and validate the expression of ACE2 on the mucosa of oral cavity. Further,
single-cell transcriptomes from an independent data generated in-house were used to
identify and confirm the ACE2-expressing cell composition and proportion in oral
cavity. The results demonstrated that the ACE2 expressed on the mucosa of oral
cavity. Interestingly, this receptor was highly enriched in epithelial cells of
tongue. Preliminarily, those findings have explained the basic mechanism that the
oral cavity is a potentially high risk for 2019-nCoV infectious susceptibility and
provided a piece of evidence for the future prevention strategy in dental clinical
practice as well as daily life.
JO - International Journal of Oral Science
PB -
CY -
VL - 12
IS - 1
PG - 8
SP - 8
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41368-020-0074-x
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019
(COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese
Center for Disease Control and Prevention
AU - Wu, Zunyou
AU - McGoogan, Jennifer M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1001/jama.2020.2648
SP - 10.1001/jama.2020.2648
EP -
AN - 32091533
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.2648
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Chest CT Findings in Patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019 and its
Relationship with Clinical Features
AU - Wu, Jiong
AU - Wu, Xiaojia
AU - Zeng, Wenbing
AU - Guo, Dajing
AU - Fang, Zheng
AU - Chen, Linli
AU - Huang, Huizhe
AU - Li, Chuanming
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - OBJECTIVES: To investigate the chest computed tomography (CT) findings in
patients with confirmed corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to evaluate its
relationship with clinical features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study sample consisted
of 80 patients diagnosed as COVID-19 from January to February 2020. The chest CT
images and clinical data were reviewed and the relationship between them was
analyzed. RESULTS: Totally 80 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were included. With
regards to the clinical manifestations, 58/80 (73%) of patients had cough, 61/80
(76%) of patients had high temperature levels. The most frequent CT abnormalities
observed were ground glass opacity (GGO) (73/80 cases, 91%), consolidation (50/80
cases, 63%) and interlobular septal thickening (47/80, 59%). Most of the lesions
were multiple, with an average of 12±6 lung segments involved. The most common
involved lung segments were the dorsal segment of the right lower lobe (69/80,
86%), the posterior basal segment of the right lower lobe (68/80, 85%), the lateral
basal segment of the right lower lobe (64/80, 80%), the dorsal segment of the left
lower lobe (61/80, 76%) and the posterior basal segment of the left lower lobe
(65/80, 81%). The average pulmonary inflammation index (PII) value was (34%±20%)
for all the patients. Correlation analysis showed that the PII value was
significantly correlated with the values of lymphocyte count, monocyte count, C-
reactive protein, procalcitonin, days from illness onset and body temperature
(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The common chest CT findings of COVID-19 are multiple GGO,
consolidation and interlobular septal thickening in both lungs, which are mostly
distributed under the pleura. There are significant correlations between the degree
of pulmonary inflammation and the main clinical symptoms and laboratory results. CT
plays an important role in the diagnosis and evaluation of this emerging global
health emergency.
JO - Invest Radiol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000670
SP - 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000670
EP -
AN - 32091414
DO - 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000670
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Phase-adjusted estimation of the number of Coronavirus Disease 2019 cases in
Wuhan, China
AU - Wang, Huwen
AU - Wang, Zezhou
AU - Dong, Yinqiao
AU - Chang, Ruijie
AU - Xu, Chen
AU - Yu, Xiaoyue
AU - Zhang, Shuxian
AU - Tsamlag, Lhakpa
AU - Shang, Meili
AU - Huang, Jinyan
AU - Wang, Ying
AU - Xu, Gang
AU - Shen, Tian
AU - Zhang, Xinxin
AU - Cai, Yong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - An outbreak of clusters of viral pneumonia due to a novel coronavirus (2019-
nCoV/SARS-CoV-2) happened in Wuhan, Hubei Province in China in December 2019. Since
the outbreak, several groups reported estimated R0 of Coronavirus Disease 2019
(COVID-19) and generated valuable prediction for the early phase of this outbreak.
After implementation of strict prevention and control measures in China, new
estimation is needed. An infectious disease dynamics SEIR (Susceptible, Exposed,
Infectious, and Removed) model was applied to estimate the epidemic trend in Wuhan,
China under two assumptions of Rt. In the first assumption, Rt was assumed to
maintain over 1. The estimated number of infections would continue to increase
throughout February without any indication of dropping with Rt = 1.9, 2.6, or 3.1.
The number of infections would reach 11,044, 70,258, and 227,989, respectively, by
29 February 2020. In the second assumption, Rt was assumed to gradually decrease at
different phases from high level of transmission (Rt = 3.1, 2.6, and 1.9) to below
1 (Rt = 0.9 or 0.5) owing to increasingly implemented public health intervention.
Several phases were divided by the dates when various levels of prevention and
control measures were taken in effect in Wuhan. The estimated number of infections
would reach the peak in late February, which is 58,077–84,520 or 55,869–81,393.
Whether or not the peak of the number of infections would occur in February 2020
may be an important index for evaluating the sufficiency of the current measures
taken in China. Regardless of the occurrence of the peak, the currently strict
measures in Wuhan should be continuously implemented and necessary strict public
health measures should be applied in other locations in China with high number of
COVID-19 cases, in order to reduce Rt to an ideal level and control the infection.
JO - Cell Discovery
PB -
CY -
VL - 6
IS - 1
PG - 10
SP - 10
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41421-020-0148-0
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-020-0148-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Risk Management of COVID-19 by Universities in China Short-term Forecasts of
the COVID-19 Epidemic in Guangdong and Zhejiang, China: February 13–23, 2020
AU - Wang, Chuanyi
AU - Cheng, Zhe
AU - Roosa, Kimberlyn
AU - Lee, Yiseul
AU - Luo, Ruiyan
AU - Kirpich, Alexander
AU - Rothenberg, Richard
AU - Hyman, M. James
AU - Yan, Ping
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The rapid spread of new coronaviruses throughout China and the world in
2019–2020 has had a great impact on China’s economic and social
development. As the backbone of Chinese society, Chinese universities have made
significant contributions to emergency risk management. Such contributions have
been made primarily in the following areas: alumni resource collection, medical
rescue and emergency management, mental health maintenance, control of staff
mobility, and innovation in online education models. Through the support of these
methods, Chinese universities have played a positive role in the prevention and
control of the epidemic situation. However, they also face the problems of
alumni’s economic development difficulties, the risk of deadly infection to
medical rescue teams and health workers, infection of teachers and students, and
the unsatisfactory application of information technology in resolving the crisis.
In response to these risks and emergency problems, we propose some corresponding
solutions for public dissemination, including issues related to medical security,
emergency research, professional assistance, positive communication, and
hierarchical information-based teaching. The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic continues to
spread within and outside of China, despite several social distancing measures
implemented by the Chinese government. Limited epidemiological data are available,
and recent changes in case definition and reporting further complicate our
understanding of the impact of the epidemic, particularly in the epidemic’s
epicenter. Here we use previously validated phenomenological models to generate
short-term forecasts of cumulative reported cases in Guangdong and Zhejiang, China.
Using daily reported cumulative case data up until 13 February 2020 from the
National Health Commission of China, we report 5- and 10-day ahead forecasts of
cumulative case reports. Specifically, we generate forecasts using a generalized
logistic growth model, the Richards growth model, and a sub-epidemic wave model,
which have each been previously used to forecast outbreaks due to different
infectious diseases. Forecasts from each of the models suggest the outbreaks may be
nearing extinction in both Guangdong and Zhejiang; however, the sub-epidemic model
predictions also include the potential for further sustained transmission,
particularly in Zhejiang. Our 10-day forecasts across the three models predict an
additional 65–81 cases (upper bounds: 169–507) in Guangdong and an
additional 44–354 (upper bounds: 141–875) cases in Zhejiang by February
23, 2020. In the best-case scenario, current data suggest that transmission in both
provinces is slowing down.
JO - Journal of Risk and Financial Management
PB -
CY -
VL - 13
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jrfm13020036 ERT - Y - EJOU 10.3390/jcm9020596
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential Presymptomatic Transmission of SARS-CoV-2, Zhejiang Province,
China, 2020
AU - Tong, Zhen-Dong
AU - Tang, An
AU - Li, Ke-Feng
AU - Li, Peng
AU - Wang, Hong-Ling
AU - Yi, Jing-Ping
AU - Zhang, Yong-Li
AU - Yan, Jian-Bo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - We report a 2-family cluster of persons infected with severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in the city of Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province,
China, during January 2020. The infections resulted from contact with an infected
but potentially presymptomatic traveler from the city of Wuhan in Hubei Province.
PB -
CY -
VL - 26
IS - 5
PG - 10.3201/eid2605.200198
SP - 10.3201/eid2605.200198
EP -
AN - 32091386
DO - 10.3201/eid2605.200198
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - ‘No one is allowed to go out’: your stories from the coronavirus outbreak
AU - Stoye, Emma
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - From laboratory closures to equipment shortages, researchers worldwide tell
Nature how they have been affected by the epidemic. ‘No one is allowed out’:
readers tell Nature about their experiences. The outbreak of a new coronavirus is
wreaking havoc worldwide. In China, the epicentre of the epidemic, the virus has
infected tens of thousands of people and killed more than 2,100. Unprecedented
measures meant to contain the spread have brought millions of daily lives to a
halt, and the effects have touched economies and global supply chains.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00478-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Consideration on the strategies during epidemic stage changing from emergency
response to continuous prevention and control
AU - Special Expert Group for Control of the Epidemic of Novel Coronavirus
Pneumonia of the Chinese Preventive Medicine, Association
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 41
IS - 3
PG - 297-300
SP - 297
EP - 300
AN - 32088947
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.03.003
NS -
N1 - Qingxia Zhong (2020-02-25 23:51:34)(Screen): English abstract missing;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19: Real-time dissemination of scientific information to fight a public
health emergency of international concern
AU - Song, Peipei
AU - Karako, Takashi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Rapidly sharing scientific information is an effective way to reduce public
panic about COVID-19, and doing so is the key to providing real-time guidance to
epidemiologists working to contain the outbreak, clinicians managing patients, and
modelers helping to understand future developments and the possible effectiveness
of various interventions. This issue has rapidly reviewed and published articles
describing COVID-19, including the drug treatment options for SARS-CoV-2, its
clinical characteristics, and therapies involving a combination of Chinese and
Western medicine, the efficacy of chloroquine phosphate in the treatment of COVID-
19 associated pneumonia according to clinical studies, and reflections on the
system of reserve medical supplies for public health emergencies. As an academic
journal, we will continue to quickly and transparently share data with frontline
healthcare workers who need to know the epidemiological and clinical features of
COVID-19.
JO - Biosci Trends
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.5582/bst.2020.01056
SP - 10.5582/bst.2020.01056
EP -
AN - 32092748
DO - 10.5582/bst.2020.01056
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan,
China: a descriptive study
AU - Shi, Heshui
AU - Han, Xiaoyu
AU - Jiang, Nanchuan
AU - Cao, Yukun
AU - Alwalid, Osamah
AU - Gu, Jin
AU - Fan, Yanqing
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Summary Background A cluster of patients with coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) pneumonia caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were successively reported in Wuhan, China. We aimed to
describe the CT findings across different timepoints throughout the disease course.
Methods Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (confirmed by next-generation sequencing
or RT-PCR) who were admitted to one of two hospitals in Wuhan and who underwent
serial chest CT scans were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were grouped on the
basis of the interval between symptom onset and the first CT scan: group 1
(subclinical patients; scans done before symptom onset), group 2 (scans done ≤1
week after symptom onset), group 3 (>1 week to 2 weeks), and group 4 (>2 weeks to 3
weeks). Imaging features and their distribution were analysed and compared across
the four groups. Findings 81 patients admitted to hospital between Dec 20, 2019,
and Jan 23, 2020, were retrospectively enrolled. The cohort included 42 (52%) men
and 39 (48%) women, and the mean age was 49·5 years (SD 11·0). The mean number of
involved lung segments was 10·5 (SD 6·4) overall, 2·8 (3·3) in group 1, 11·1 (5·4)
in group 2, 13·0 (5·7) in group 3, and 12·1 (5·9) in group 4. The predominant
pattern of abnormality observed was bilateral (64 [79%] patients), peripheral (44
[54%]), ill-defined (66 [81%]), and ground-glass opacification (53 [65%]), mainly
involving the right lower lobes (225 [27%] of 849 affected segments). In group 1
(n=15), the predominant pattern was unilateral (nine [60%]) and multifocal (eight
[53%]) ground-glass opacities (14 [93%]). Lesions quickly evolved to bilateral (19
[90%]), diffuse (11 [52%]) ground-glass opacity predominance (17 [81%]) in group 2
(n=21). Thereafter, the prevalence of ground-glass opacities continued to decrease
(17 [57%] of 30 patients in group 3, and five [33%] of 15 in group 4), and
consolidation and mixed patterns became more frequent (12 [40%] in group 3, eight
[53%] in group 4). Interpretation COVID-19 pneumonia manifests with chest CT
imaging abnormalities, even in asymptomatic patients, with rapid evolution from
focal unilateral to diffuse bilateral ground-glass opacities that progressed to or
co-existed with consolidations within 1–3 weeks. Combining assessment of imaging
features with clinical and laboratory findings could facilitate early diagnosis of
COVID-19 pneumonia. Funding None.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30086-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Pregnancy: What obstetricians need to
know
AU - Rasmussen, Sonja A.
AU - Smulian, John C.
AU - Lednicky, John A.
AU - Wen, Tony S.
AU - Jamieson, Denise J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging disease with a rapid
increase in cases and deaths since its first identification in Wuhan, China, in
December 2019. Limited data are available about COVID-19 during pregnancy; however,
information on illnesses associated with other highly pathogenic coronaviruses
(i.e., severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory
syndrome (MERS)) might provide insights into COVID-19’s effects during pregnancy.
JO - American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.02.017
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Intensive care during the coronavirus epidemic
AU - Qiu, Haibo
AU - Tong, Zhaohui
AU - Ma, Penglin
AU - Hu, Ming
AU - Peng, Zhiyong
AU - Wu, Wenjuan
AU - Du, Bin
AU - China Critical Care Clinical Trials, Group
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As a response to the epidemic, the local government had appointed several
designated hospitals for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite a common
coping strategy for mass casualty (earthquake and blast injury) in China, SARI
epidemic has proposed a new challenge for healthcare workers, especially
intensivists. About 15–20% of suspected and confirmed patients with SARS-CoV-2
infection in fever clinics developed severe hypoxemia (since the second week of
disease course), and required some form of ventilatory support such as high-flow
nasal cannula, and non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation. In addition,
other complications might occur, including, but not limited to, shock, acute kidney
injury, gastrointestinal bleeding, and rhabdomyolysis. No antiviral agents have
been proven to be effective against the coronavirus. Therefore, management of
critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection still remains supportive rather
than definitive, indicating remarkable workload for intensive care physicians and
nurses. This surge of critically ill patients in designated hospitals as well as
fever clinics represents urgent demands for intensive care with regards to space,
supplies, and staff (Table 1) [5,6,7,8]. Response to these demands requires
cooperation between the medical rescue team, infection control specialists, local
health authorities, and center for disease control and prevention [9].ER -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00134-020-05966-y
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - (18)F-FDG PET/CT findings of COVID-19: a series of four highly suspected
cases
AU - Qin, Chunxia
AU - Liu, Fang
AU - Yen, Tzu-Chen
AU - Lan, Xiaoli
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - PURPOSE: The aim of this case series is to illustrate the (18)F-FDG PET/CT
findings of patients with acute respiratory disease caused by COVID-19 in Wuhan,
Hubei province of China. METHODS: We describe the (18)F-FDG PET/CT results from
four patients who were admitted to the hospital with respiratory symptoms and fever
between January 13 and January 20, 2020, when the COVID-19 outbreak was still
unrecognized and the virus infectivity was unknown. A retrospective review of the
patients' medical history, clinical and laboratory data, as well as imaging
findings strongly suggested a diagnosis of COVID-19. RESULTS: All patients had
peripheral ground-glass opacities and/or lung consolidations in more than two
pulmonary lobes. Lung lesions were characterized by a high (18)F-FDG uptake and
there was evidence of lymph node involvement. Conversely, disseminated disease was
absent, a finding suggesting that COVID-19 has pulmonary tropism. CONCLUSIONS:
Although (18)F-FDG PET/CT cannot be routinely used in an emergency setting and is
generally not recommended for infectious diseases, our pilot data shed light on the
potential clinical utility of this imaging technique in the differential diagnosis
of complex cases.
JO - Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1007/s00259-020-04734-w
SP - 10.1007/s00259
EP - 020
AN - 32088847
DO - 10.1007/s00259-020-04734-w
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Protocolo para la atención de personas con sospechas o infección confirmada
por Coronavirus (2019-nCoN)
AU - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU - Dirección General de Intervenciones Estratégicas en Salud, Pública
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - El protocolo contiene definiciones de casos sospechosos, manejo de pacientes
con sospecha de infección por Coronavirus, tratamiento específicos anti-Novel CoV e
investigación clínica y las consideraciones especiales para pacientes embarazadas.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 14-14
SP - 14
EP - 14
AN -
DO -
UR - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/c872a
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Initial public health response and interim clinical guidance for the 2019
novel coronavirus outbreak - United States, December 31, 2019-February 4, 2020
AU - Patel, Anita
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Am J Transplant
PB -
CY -
VL - 20
IS - 3
PG - 889-895
SP - 889
EP - 895
AN - 32090470
DO - 10.1111/ajt.15805
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - PANDEMIC HUMAN CORONAVIRUS – CHARACTERIZATION AND COMPARISON OF SELECTED
PROPERTIES OF HCOV-SARS AND HCOV-MERS
AU - Pancer, Katarzyna W.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - It: Two Coronaviruses, HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43, causing generally mild
respiratory tract infections in humans, were described in the XX c. Pandemic
Coronaviruses were first discovered as late as in the XXI c.: SARS-HCoV in 2002 –
causing severe respiratory tract infections (SARS) in China; MERS-HCoV in 2012 –
circulating mostly on the Arabian Peninsula. The SARS epidemic ended in 2004
resulting in morbidity of >8000 and >770 deaths, while the MERS epidemic is still
ongoing (>2000 ill, >700 deaths) although its intensity decreased. Both viruses are
zoonotic and require at least two “host jumps” for the transmission of the
infection to humans: for HCoV-SARS – from bat to palm civet and then to human; for
HCoV-MERS – from bats to camels and subsequently to humans. Primary mode of
transmission is droplet in close contact (<1 m), but both viruses remain active in
aerosol (up to 24 h), so infection can be also spread by air (ventilation). The
ability for human-to-human transmission is higher for HCoV-SARS than for HCoV-MERS
(8 generations vs. 4, respectively). Moreover, there are differences in genome
structure and pathogenic mechanisms: different receptor, cell entry mechanism,
different way of host response modulation (e.g. inhibition of IFNβ cascade), etc.
Probably, these differences influence the overall manifestation of the disease in
humans. Infection caused by HCoV-MERS might manifest itself as ARDS, a mild-
mannered and asymptomatic disease. HCoV-SARS infections seem to be associated with
severe disease only. In this paper, a comparison of the structure of these viruses,
the mechanisms underlying their ability to cross the interspecies barrier and to
multiply in the human body, including modulation of IFNβ cascade, as well as routes
of infection transmission and symptoms caused, were presented.
JO - Postępy Mikrobiologii
PB -
CY -
VL - 57
IS - 1
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.21307/PM-2018.57.1.022
UR - https://doaj.org/article/4a09b91847ae4ae7aa5487cbb5f591cd
NS -
N1 - Qingxia Zhong (2020-02-25 23:30:32)(Screen): DOI not correct;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples
AU - Pan, Yang
AU - Zhang, Daitao
AU - Yang, Peng
AU - Wang, Quanyi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30113-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Public awareness of coronavirus in Al-Jouf region, Saudi Arabia
AU - Nooh, Hanaa Zakaria
AU - Alshammary, Rawan Humaidy
AU - Alenezy, Jomanh Mohammed
AU - Alrowaili, Njood Hial
AU - Alsharari, Amani Jaded
AU - Alenzi, Njood Menwer
AU - Sabaa, Hanan E.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since 2012 and to date, outbreak/new cases of Middle East respiratory
syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV) were always reported in Saudi Arabia. Al-
Jouf region is considered as one of the most vulnerable areas to the disease
outbreak. This research aimed to assess (to the best of our knowledge), for the
first time, the current level of awareness towards MERS-CoV among the Al-Jouf
region population through a well-designed multistage questionnaire.
JO - Journal of Public Health
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s10389-020-01209-y
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - GEN
TI - Circular externa No 0000005 de 2020: Directrices para la detección temprana,
el control y la atención ante la posible introducción del nuevo coronavirus (2019-
nCoV) y la implementación de los planes de preparación y respuesta ante este riesgo
AU - Ministerio de Salud y protección, Social
AU - Instituto Nacional de, Salud
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - El Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social y el Instituto Nacional de Salud,
en ejercicio de las facultades señaladas en los Decretos 4107 y 4109, ambos de
2.011, y en el marco del Reglamento Sanitario Internacional -RSI-2005, y ante la
situación epidemiológica por el nuevo coronavirus (2019-nCoV), declarada como
emergencia en salud pública de importancia internacional (ESPII) por la
Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) el día 30 de enero del año en curso:
imparten instrucciones sobre las acciones que los destinatarios de esta circular
deben observar para la vigilancia activa, preparación y toma de medidas de
contención para una eventual introducción del virus en el territorio nacional. The
Ministry of Health and Social Protection and the National Institute of Health, in
exercise of the powers indicated in Decrees 4107 and 4109, both of 2,011, and
within the framework of the International Health Regulations -RSI-2005, and before
the epidemiological situation by the new coronavirus (2019-nCoV), declared as an
emergency in public health of international importance (ESPII) by the World Health
Organization (WHO) on January 30 of this year: they give instructions on the
actions that the recipients of This circular must observe for the active
surveillance, preparation and taking of containment measures for an eventual
introduction of the virus into the national territory.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 9-9
SP - 9
EP - 9
AN -
DO -
UR -
https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/ED/VSP/circul
ar-externa-005-de-2020.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus Disease 2019: Implications of Emerging Infections for
Transplantation
AU - Michaels, Marian G.
AU - La Hoz, Ricardo M.
AU - Danziger Isakov, Lara
AU - Blumberg, Emily A.
AU - Kumar, Deepali
AU - Green, Michael
AU - Pruett, Timothy L.
AU - Wolfe, Cameron R.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The recent identification of an outbreak of 2019- novel Coronavirus is
currently evolving, and the impact on transplantation is unknown. However, it is
imperative that we anticipate the potential impact on the transplant community in
order to avert severe consequences of this infection on both the transplant
community and contacts of transplant patients.
JO - Am J Transplant
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1111/ajt.15832
SP - 10.1111/ajt.15832
EP -
AN - 32090448
DO - 10.1111/ajt.15832
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - GEN
TI - Lineamiento estandarizado para la Vigilancia Epidemiologica y por laboratorio
de enfermedad por 2019-NCoV
AU - Mexico. Secretaria de Salud. Subsecretaria de Prevencion y Promoción de la
Salud. Dirección General de, Epidemiologia
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Este documento describe la situación epidemiológica de la enfermedad por
2019-nCoV, los lineamientos para la detección y seguimiento de los casos, así como
los aspectos de la toma, manejo y envío adecuado de las muestras y el control
analítico disponible para la confirmación de los casos.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 60-60
SP - 60
EP - 60
AN -
DO -
UR - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Ur_ekmkjL69guyY00Z1jJa3J1E1hKf4u/view
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - GEN
TI - Mensajero de la Salud: nuevo coronavirus 2019-nCoV
AU - Mexico. Secretaria de la, Salud
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Declaratoria de Emergencia en Salud Pública de importancia Internacional por
el nuevo coronavirus 2019-nCoV
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 12-12
SP - 12
EP - 12
AN -
DO -
UR - https://drive.google.com/file/d/149w_Wjvq4Dhc0YaktCM6tcnU_9v0iBxV/view
http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/zazym
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Epitopes for a 2019-nCoV vaccine
AU - Lucchese, Guglielmo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Cellular & Molecular Immunology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41423-020-0377-z
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China uses mass surveillance tech to fight spread of coronavirus
AU - Lu, Donna
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - New Scientist
PB -
CY -
VL - 245
IS - 3270
PG - 7
SP - 7
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Puzzle of highly pathogenic human coronaviruses (2019-nCoV)
AU - Li, Jing
AU - Liu, Wenjun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Protein Cell
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1007/s13238-020-00693-y
SP - 10.1007/s13238
EP - 020
AN - 32088858
DO - 10.1007/s13238-020-00693-y
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19 pneumonia: what has CT taught us?
AU - Lee, Elaine Y. P.
AU - Ng, Ming-Yen
AU - Khong, Pek-Lan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30134-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Strengthen comprehensive strategies to treat patients with mild novel
AU - Jia, W. P.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 59
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN - 32090534
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20200217-00083
NS -
N1 - Qingxia Zhong (2020-02-25 23:04:11)(Screen): no English abstract;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - First respiratory transmitted food borne outbreak?
AU - Jalava, Katri
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The world is faced with a remarkable coronavirus outbreak with epicentre in
Wuhan, China. Altogether 40554 cases have been confirmed globally with novel
coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) until February 10, 2020. Rigorous surveillance in other
countries is required to prevent further global expansion of the outbreak, but
resolving the exact mechanism of the initial transmission events is crucial. Most
initial cases had visited Huanan South Seafood Market in Wuhan selling also various
exotic live animals. Based on the limited initial human-to-human transmission and
timely clustering of cases in Huanan market among elderly men, coupled with
knowledge that coronaviruses are derived from animals and relationship of SARS-CoV-
2 to bat coronavirus, zoonotic transmission in the first instance is probable. To
target the actions, similar epidemiological actions to human cases are needed with
animal or food exposures. According to current information, an exceptionally wide
contamination of seafood market might explain the initiation of the SARS-CoV-2
outbreak. Seafood tanks, air contamination by live animals or rodents are
possibilities, but sold animals normally come from various sources. The mode of
transmission may become clearer in future: usually in outbreak investigations,
hindsight is easy, but for now information about the initial source of this
outbreak is limited.
JO - Int J Hyg Environ Health
PB -
CY -
VL - 226
IS -
PG - 113490-113490
SP - 113490
EP - 113490
AN - 32088598
DO - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113490
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Finding equipoise: CEPI revises its equitable access policy
AU - Huneycutt, Brenda
AU - Lurie, Nicole
AU - Rotenberg, Sara
AU - Wilder, Richard
AU - Hatchett, Richard
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Launched at Davos in January 2017 with funding from sovereign investors and
philanthropic institutions, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations
(CEPI) is an innovative partnership between public, private, philanthropic, and
civil organisations whose mission is to stimulate, finance and co-ordinate vaccine
development against diseases with epidemic potential in cases where market
incentives fail. As of December 2019, CEPI has committed to investing up to $706
million in vaccine development. This includes 19 vaccine candidates against its
priority pathogens (Lassa fever virus, Middle East respiratory syndrome
coronavirus, Nipah virus, Chikungunya, Rift Valley fever) and three vaccine
platforms to develop vaccines against Disease X, a novel or unanticipated pathogen.
As an entity largely supported by public funds, ensuring equitable access to
vaccines whose development it supports in low- and middle-income countries is
CEPI’s primary focus. CEPI developed an initial equitable access policy shortly
after its formation, with key stakeholders expressing strong views about its
content and prescriptive nature. The CEPI board instructed that it be revisited
after a year. This paper describes the process of revising the policy, and how key
issues were resolved. CEPI will continue to take an iterative, rather than
prescriptive, approach to its policy—one that reflects the needs of multiple
stakeholders and ensures it can meet its equitable access goals.
JO - Vaccine
PB -
CY -
VL - 38
IS - 9
PG - 2144-2148
SP - 2144
EP - 2148
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.12.055
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Estimated effectiveness of symptom and risk screening to prevent the spread
of COVID-19
AU - Gostic, Katelyn
AU - Gomez, Ana C. R.
AU - Mummah, Riley O.
AU - Kucharski, Adam J.
AU - Lloyd-Smith, James O.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Traveller screening is being used to limit further spread of COVID-19
following its recent emergence, and symptom screening has become a ubiquitous tool
in the global response. Previously, we developed a mathematical model to understand
factors governing the effectiveness of traveller screening to prevent spread of
emerging pathogens (Gostic et al., 2015). Here, we estimate the impact of different
screening programs given current knowledge of key COVID-19 life history and
epidemiological parameters. Even under best-case assumptions, we estimate that
screening will miss more than half of infected people. Breaking down the factors
leading to screening successes and failures, we find that most cases missed by
screening are fundamentally undetectable, because they have not yet developed
symptoms and are unaware they were exposed. Our work underscores the need for
measures to limit transmission by travellers who become ill after being missed by a
screening program. These findings can support evidence-based policy to combat the
spread of COVID-19, and prospective planning to mitigate future emerging pathogens.
JO - Elife
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS -
PG - e55570
SP - e55570
EP -
AN - 32091395
DO - 10.7554/eLife.55570
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Scientists are sprinting to outpace the novel coronavirus
AU - Ghebreyesus, Tedros Adhanom
AU - Swaminathan, Soumya
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30420-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - From SARS to COVID-19: A previously unknown SARS-CoV-2 virus of pandemic
potential infecting humans – Call for a One Health approach
AU - El Zowalaty, Mohamed E.
AU - Järhult, Josef D.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Human coronaviruses continue to pose a threat to human health. The emergence
of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019
which causes coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), an acute respiratory disease
marked the third introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human
population in the twenty-first century. This recent ongoing emergence of a
previously unknown coronavirus in China leads to huge impacts on humans globally.
Here, we discuss the outbreak in a one health context, highlighting the need for
the implementation of one health measures and practices to improve human health and
reduce the emergence of pandemic viruses.
JO - One Health
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 100124
SP - 100124
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Infecciones por Coronavirus. Diagnóstico y Tratamiento
AU - Cuba. Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas. Biblioteca Médica,
Nacional
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Boletín bibliográfico Bibliomed Suplemento ofrece en su edición especial de
enero de 2020, una actualización sobre "Infecciones por Coronavirus.
Diagnóstico yTratamiento"
JO - Boletín bibliográfico de la Biblioteca Médica Nacional
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS - Sup. esp
PG - [9]-[9]
SP - [9]
EP - [9]
AN -
DO -
UR - http://files.sld.cu/bmn/files/2020/01/bibliomed-suplemento-especial-enero-
2020.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Staff safety during emergency airway management for COVID-19 in Hong Kong
AU - Cheung, Jonathan Chun-Hei
AU - Ho, Lap Tin
AU - Cheng, Justin Vincent
AU - Cham, Esther Yin Kwan
AU - Lam, Koon Ngai
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30084-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical
activity while taking precautions
AU - Chen, Peijie
AU - Mao, Lijuan
AU - Harmer, Peter
AU - Li, Fuzhong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG - 103-104
SP - 103
EP - 104
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - GEN
TI - Novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV): nota técnica
AU - Ceará. Secretaria de, Saúde
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A Secretaria da Saúde do Estado do Ceará (SESA), através da Célula de
Imunização (CEMUN) e o Centro de Informações Estratégicas em Vigilância em Saúde
(CIEVS), da Coordenadoria de Vigilância Epidemiológica e Prevenção em Saúde
(COVEP), vem por meio desta ALERTAR para a ocorrência de casos do Novo Coronavírus
(2019-nCoV) no mundo.Essa nota deve ser divulgada amplamente entre profissionais de
saúde de estabelecimentos públicos e privados
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - [7]-[7]
SP - [7]
EP - [7]
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.saude.ce.gov.br/wp-
content/uploads/sites/9/2018/06/nota_tecnica_nCoV_-29_01_2020_v2.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Comparative genetic analysis of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2)
receptor ACE2 in different populations
AU - Cao, Yanan
AU - Li, Lin
AU - Feng, Zhimin
AU - Wan, Shengqing
AU - Huang, Peide
AU - Sun, Xiaohui
AU - Wen, Fang
AU - Huang, Xuanlin
AU - Ning, Guang
AU - Wang, Weiqing
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Cell Discovery
PB -
CY -
VL - 6
IS - 1
PG - 11
SP - 11
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41421-020-0147-1
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-020-0147-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - GEN
TI - Protocolo de Manejo Clínico para o Novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV)
AU - Brasil. Ministerio da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção Especializada à Saúde.
Departamento de Atenção Hospitalar, Domiciliar e de Urgência Coordenação-Geral de
Urgência Força Nacional do Sistema Único de Saúde
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Em 22 de janeiro de 2020, foi ativado o Centro de Operações de Emergências em
Saúde Pública para o novo Coronavírus (COE nCoV), estratégia prevista no Plano
Nacional de Resposta às Emergências em Saúde Pública do Ministério da Saúde. O novo
Coronavírus (2019-nCoV) é um vírus identificado como a causa de um surto de doença
respiratória detectado pela primeira vez em Wuhan, China. Desde 2005, o Sistema
Único de Saúde (SUS) está aprimorando suas capacidades de responder às emergências
por síndromes respiratórias, dispondo de planos, protocolos, procedimentos e guias
para identificação, monitoramento e resposta às emergências em saúde pública...
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 32-32
SP - 32
EP - 32
AN -
DO -
UR - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/11/protocolo-
manejo-coronavirus.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - GEN
TI - Novo Coronavírus: fluxo de atendimento na aps para o novo coronavírus (2019-
NCOV)
AU - Brasil. Ministerio da, Saude
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - priorizar o atendimento de casos suspeitos de novo Coronavírus, medidas de
controle e registrar o atendimento no sistema de informação da Atenção Primária
(SISAB)
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://egestorab.saude.gov.br/image/?
file=20200210_N_EmktCoronaVirusFluxoV2_6121956549677603461.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - GEN
TI - Novo Coronavírus: atendimento a pessoas com suspeita de infecção pelo novo
coronavírus (2019-nCoV) na Atenção Primária à Saúde
AU - Brasil. Ministerio da, Saude
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://egestorab.saude.gov.br/image/?
file=20200210_N_EmktCoronaVirusPopV2_9220990263189084795.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Assessing the Impact of Reduced Travel on Exportation Dynamics of Novel
Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19)
AU - Anzai, Asami
AU - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU - Suzuki, Ayako
AU - Yang, Yichi
AU - Jung, Sung-mok
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The impact of the drastic reduction in travel volume within mainland China in
January and February 2020 was quantified with respect to reports of novel
coronavirus (COVID-19) infections outside China. Data on confirmed cases diagnosed
outside China were analyzed using statistical models to estimate the impact of
travel reduction on three epidemiological outcome measures: (i) the number of
exported cases, (ii) the probability of a major epidemic, and (iii) the time delay
to a major epidemic. From 28 January to 7 February 2020, we estimated that 226
exported cases (95% confidence interval: 86,449) were prevented, corresponding to a
70.4% reduction in incidence compared to the counterfactual scenario. The reduced
probability of a major epidemic ranged from 7% to 20% in Japan, which resulted in a
median time delay to a major epidemic of two days. Depending on the scenario, the
estimated delay may be less than one day. As the delay is small, the decision to
control travel volume through restrictions on freedom of movement should be
balanced between the resulting estimated epidemiological impact and predicted
economic fallout.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020601
UR -
NS -
N1 - Qingxia Zhong (2020-02-25 22:30:22)(Screen): DOI wrong;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus latest: WHO says outbreak is not yet pandemic
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Scientists are concerned about a new virus that has infected tens of
thousands of people and killed more than 2,000. The virus, which emerged in the
Chinese city of Wuhan in December, is a coronavirus and belongs to the same family
as the pathogen that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS. It causes a
respiratory illness called COVID-19, which can spread from person to person. Here’s
the latest news on the outbreak. 24 February 16:30 GMT — WHO says outbreak isn’t a
pandemic At a press briefing on 24 February, the World Health Organization (WHO)
said that, despite the spread of the disease, the coronavirus outbreak does not yet
amount to a pandemic. “Using the word pandemic now does not fit the facts, but it
may cause fear,” said WHO director-general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Recommendations on the pediatric flexible bronchoscopy during the outbreak of
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in China
(Trial Edition)
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - An outbreak of pneumonia caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)infection has spread to children.Due to its strong
infectivity, people are generally susceptible, including children.The main source
of infection is the SARS-CoV-2 infection patients, asymptomatic infection may also
become the source of infection. Bronchoscopy is a high-risk operation since during
the procedure, with children & prime's coughing and an open airway, a huge number
of droplets and secretions are produced, which will contaminate the desktop,
equipment and air, and even infect medical staff, other children and caregivers in
close contact.For this reason, experts were specially organized to write
recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric flexible bronchoscopy
during the epidemic period of SARS-CoV-2 infection (trial version), establish
indications and prevention and control plans of pediatric bronchoscopy during the
epidemic period, and provide a basis for medical staff engaged in pediatric
bronchoscopy.
JO - Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
PB -
CY -
VL - 35
IS - 2
PG - 003-null
SP - 003
EP - null
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Structure of novel coronavirus’s spike protein solved
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - n a piece of research accomplished with astonishing speed, scientists from
the University of Texas at Austin and the National Institutes of Health have
released a cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of part of severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the novel coronavirus that has
infected tens of thousands of people and killed more than 2,000 since the end of
December (Science 2020, DOI: 10.1126/science.abb2507). The part of the virus
imaged, called the spike protein, helps the virus attach to and infect human cells,
and the determination of its structure comes just weeks after the virus’s genome
sequence was published. The breakthrough is a huge step toward developing a vaccine
against the virus as well as treatments for COVID-19, the disease that it causes,
the researchers say. UT Austin’s Jason McLellan and his colleagues, who have spent
many years studying other coronaviruses, had already figured out how to use select
PB -
CY -
VL - 98
IS - 8
PG - 7-7
SP - 7
EP - 7
AN -
DO - 10.1021/cen-09808-scicon3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Sanofi, BARDA team for coronavirus vaccine
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Sanofi Pasteur is working with the US Biomedical Advanced Research and
Development Authority (BARDA) to develop a vaccine against the novel coronavirus,
known as severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2, which as of Feb. 20 had infected
more than 75,000 people and killed more than 2,100. Sanofi will build on work on a
vaccine against SARS, another coronavirus that circulated in the early 2000s. In
December 2019, BARDA awarded the firm a $226 million contract to expand
manufacturing capacity for use in a potential flu pandemic. Sanofi says the new
vaccine will use the same technology.
PB -
CY -
VL - 98
IS - 8
PG - 15-15
SP - 15
EP - 15
AN -
DO - 10.1021/cen-09808-buscon15
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Diagnosing COVID-19
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - hina continues to fight the outbreak of a novel coronavirus, called severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has infected tens of
thousands and killed more than 2,100 people since the end of 2019. The outbreak’s
hot spot is in the central province of Hubei, in particular, its capital city
Wuhan, where there have been more than 62,000 infections and 2,029 deaths as of
last week, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). There, doctors and
scientists are desperately struggling to find reliable ways to diagnose infected
patients to help treat them and control the spread of the virus. The struggle has
involved two diagnostic options—computed tomography (CT) scans of patients’ lungs
and a nucleic acid lab test—each with advantages and disadvantages. With “a
suddenly rampant new virus, it is normal to have multiple test approaches,” says a
virologist at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
PB -
CY -
VL - 98
IS - 8
PG - 5-5
SP - 5
EP - 5
AN -
DO - 10.1021/cen-09808-scicon8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2020; published online Feb 18.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30111-0
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30128-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: What We Know and What We Don’t
PY -
PD -
N2 - Phylogenetic analyses reveal that SARS-CoV-2 is closely related to a group of
SARS-like coronaviruses. However, it remains unclear where the virus comes from and
how it was transmitted to humans in the first place. Unlike with other zoonotic
agents such as hantavirus and arenavirus, thus far we haven’t found a SARS virus in
animals that is the same as that in humans. Fortunately, SARS virus has not
appeared in humans since 2004. In contrast, this new virus seems to have stronger
transmission capabilities among people. Compared to the primary virus in humans, we
still know less about whether, what, and how the virus has changed and the effect
of the changes for their epidemics in humans. Control and prevention of the disease
is especially difficult in China and elsewhere if there are infected individuals
with no clinical signs.
JO - Cell
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.027
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.027
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Psychological crisis interventions in Sichuan Province during the 2019 Novel
Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak
AU - Zhou, Xiaobo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Psychiatry Research
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 112895
SP - 112895
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112895
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The treatment proposal for the patients with breast diseases in the central
epidemic area of 2019 coronavirus disease
AU - Zhao, L.
AU - Zhang, L.
AU - Liu, J. W.
AU - Yang, Z. F.
AU - Shen, W. Z.
AU - Li, X. R.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Currently, the epidemic of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is still
ongoing. The characteristics including high contagiousness, herd susceptibility and
clinical phenotype diversity, made a serious influence on people's daily life and
rountine therapy for other diseases. Breast dieases are clinical common diseases.
In the central epidemic area of COVID-19, Hubei province, especially Wuhan, the
clinical specialists of breast diseases should consider all of the following
factors comprehensively: the prevention of COVID-19, the diagnosis and treatment of
breast diseases and the accessibility of medical resources. Besides, we should
select the appropriate therapy and optimize treatment process so as to prevent the
propagation and cross infection of COVID-19 as well as manage the breast diseases
without delay. Therefore, we carried out some management proposals of the patients
with breast diseases in the central epidemic area during the epidemic of COVID-19
on the basis of conventional treatment guidelines and clinical experiences. The
suggestions and corrections from colleagues will be welcomed.
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E005-E005
SP - E005
EP - E005
AN - 32096395
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20200221-00116
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - High resolution CT findings and clinical features of novel coronavirus
pneumonia in Guangzhou
AU - Yu, Chengcheng
AU - Qu, Jing
AU - Zhang, Songfeng
AU - Jiang, Songfeng
AU - Chen, Bihua
AU - Guan, Wanhua
AU - Gan, Qingxin
AU - Huang, Deyang
AU - Ling, Zhoukun
AU - Jiang, Rui
AU - Lin, Lin
AU - Liu, Jinxin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - To investigate the initial HRCT manifestations and clinical features of
imported novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in Guangzhou. Methods. A retrospective
analysis of 91 NCP patients admitted to the Guangzhou Eighth People’s
Hospital from January 22 to 30, 2020 was performed including 39 males and 52
females, with a median age of 50 (33-62) years, then their clinical features and
HRCT characteristics were analyzed. Results. The main clinical presentations
included fever in 70 cases and cough in 57 cases(mainly dry coughin39 cases). The
first time HRCT showed that 24 cases with NCP were normal, however other 67 cases
were abnormal. The ground glass opacity in the lung on HRCT was found in 65 cases,
including 64 cases with dilated blood vessel crossing the lesion, 50 cases with
thickened adjacent pleura, and 47 cases with thickening of interstitial septum. The
patchy opacity was seen in 42 cases, and no enlarged lymph nodes were observed in
all patients. As for the lesion distribution, there were two cases with bilateral
diffuse changes, 57 cases with multiple lesions, 8 cases with the lesion in only
one lobe. The lesions were mainly located under the pleura area in 46 cases,
including 39 cases in the lower lobe and other 7 cases in the upper lobe. And there
were 13 cases without characteristic distribution in the lung. Conclusions. The
initial images of NCP in Guangzhou mainly showed multiple ground glass opacity,
which were mostly seen in the subpleural and lower lung fields, most of them with
thickened pulmonary interstitium. Guangzhou has a higher proportion of NCP patients
with mild and general patients, and some confirmed patients show negative HRCT for
the first time. Patients without HRCT changes should be reviewed in a timely
manner.
JO - Chinese Journal of Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - 010-010
SP - 010
EP - 010
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Management of corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19): the Zhejiang experience
AU - Xu, Kaijin
AU - Cai, Hongliu
AU - Shen, Yihong
AU - Ni, Qin
AU - Chen, Yu
AU - Hu, Shaohua
AU - Li, Jianping
AU - Wang, Huafen
AU - Yu, Liang
AU - Huang, He
AU - Qiu, Yunqing
AU - Wei, Guoqing
AU - Fang, Qiang
AU - Zhou, Jianying
AU - Sheng, Jifang
AU - Liang, Tingbo
AU - Li, Lanjuan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The current epidemic situation of corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) still
remained severe. As the National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases,
the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine is the
primary medical care center for COVID-19 inZhejiang Province. Based on the present
expert consensus carried out by National Health Commission and National
Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, our team summarized and established
an effective treatment strategy centered on "Four-Anti and Two-Balance" for
clinical practice. The "Four-Anti and Two-Balance"strategy included antivirus,
anti-shock, anti-hyoxemia, anti-secondary infection, and maintaining of water,
electrolyte and acid base balance and microecological balance. Meanwhile,
integrated multidisciplinarypersonalized treatment was recommended to improve
therapeutic effect. The importance of early viralogical detection, dynamic
monitoring of inflammatory indexes and chest radiograph was emphasized in clinical
decision-making. Sputum was observed with the highest positive rate of RT-PCR
results. Viral nucleic acids could be detected in10% patients'blood samples at
acute periodand 50% of patients had positive RT-PCR results in their feces. We also
isolated alive viral strains from feces, indicating potential infectiousness of
feces.Dynamic cytokine detection was necessary to timely identifyingcytokine storms
and application of artificial liver blood purification system. The "Four-Anti and
Two-Balance"strategyeffectively increased cure rate and reduced mortality. Early
antiviral treatment could alleviate disease severity and prevent illness
progression, and we found lopinavir/ritonavir combined with abidol showed
antiviraleffects in COVID-19. Shock and hypoxemia were usually caused by cytokine
storms. The artificial liver blood purification system could rapidly remove
inflammatory mediators and block cytokine storm.Moreover, it also favoredthe
balance of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base and thus improved treatment efficacy in
critical illness. For cases of severe illness, early and also short periods of
moderate glucocorticoid was supported. Patients with oxygenation index below 200
mmHg should be transferred to intensive medical center. Conservative oxygen therapy
was preferred and noninvasive ventilation was not recommended. Patients with
mechanical ventilation should be strictly supervised with cluster ventilator-
associated pneumonia prevention strategies. Antimicrobial prophylaxis should be
prescribed rationally and was not recommended except for patients with long course
of disease, repeated fever and elevated procalcitonin (PCT), meanwhile secondary
fungal infection should be concerned.Some patients with COVID-19 showed intestinal
microbialdysbiosis with decreasedprobiotics such as Lactobacillus and
Bifidobacterium. Nutritional and gastrointestinal function should be assessed for
all patients.Nutritional support and application of prebiotics or probiotics were
suggested to regulate the balance of intestinal microbiota and reduce the risk of
secondary infection due to bacterial translocation. Anxiety and fear were common in
patients with COVID-19. Therefore, we established dynamic assessment and warning
for psychological crisis. We also integrated Chinese medicine in treatment to
promote disease rehabilitation through classification methods of traditional
Chinese medicine. We optimized nursing process for severe patients to promote their
rehabilitation. It remained unclear about viral clearance pattern after the SARS-
CoV-2 infection. Therefore, two weeks' quarantine for discharged patients was
required and a regular following up was also needed.The Zhejiang experience above
and suggestions have been implemented in our center and achieved good results.
However, since COVID-19 was a newly emerging disease, more work was warranted to
improve strategies of prevention, diagnosis and treatment for COVID-19.
JO - Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban
PB -
CY -
VL - 49
IS - 1
PG - 0-0
SP - 0
EP - 0
AN - 32096367
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Evolving status of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection: Proposal of
conventional serologic assays for disease diagnosis and infection monitoring
AU - Xiao, S. Y.
AU - Wu, Y.
AU - Liu, H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25702
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A Novel Approach of Consultation on 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)-Related
Psychological and Mental Problems: Structured Letter Therapy
AU - Xiao, Chunfeng
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Psychiatry Investig
PB -
CY -
VL - 17
IS - 2
PG - 175-176
SP - 175
EP - 176
AN - 32093461
DO - 10.30773/pi.2020.0047
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Non-invasive respiratory support for patients with novel coronavirus
pneumonia: clinical efficacy and reduction in risk of infection transmission
AU - Xia, Jin-Gen
AU - Zhao, Jian-Ping
AU - Cheng, Zhen-Shun
AU - Hu, Yi
AU - Duan, Jun
AU - Zhan, Qing-Yuan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000761
SP - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000761
EP -
AN - 32097201
DO - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000761
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Anesthesia Procedure of Emergency Operation for Patients with Suspected or
Confirmed COVID-19
AU - Wen, Xianjie
AU - Li, Yiqun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Surg Infect (Larchmt)
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1089/sur.2020.040
SP - 10.1089/sur.2020.040
EP -
AN - 32096692
DO - 10.1089/sur.2020.040
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The 2019 novel cornoavirus pneumonia with onset of oculomotor nerve palsy: a
case study
AU - Wei, Heng
AU - Yin, Hongxiang
AU - Huang, Min
AU - Guo, Zhenli
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On December 31, 2019, several cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology have
been reported in Wuhan, Hubei province, China [1,2,3]. On January 7, 2020, Chinese
health authorities confirmed that these cases were associated with a novel
coronavirus, which was subsequently named 2019nCoV by WHO [4]. Previous study [5]
reported that virus infection can cause several neurological complications,
including polyneuritis, Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS), meningitis,
encephalomyelitis, and encephalopathy. We describe a rare case of 2019-CoV
infection and acute unilateral isolated oculomotor nerve palsy. In this case, the
diagnosis was made based on the chest computed CT manifestations and throat swab
sample test. A 62-year-old man was admitted to our department with a 5-day history
of persistent diplopia and a droopy left eyelid. During initial hospital
assessment, he endorsed limb weakness and poor spirit. He denied any fever, neck
stiffness, headache, cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, or photophobia. He had
a history of alcohol and tobacco use, type II diabetes mellitus and hypertension
(both well controlled by drugs), and lacunar infarction (without sequela).DA -
2020/02/25
JO - Journal of Neurology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00415-020-09773-9
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-020-09773-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Combination of RT-qPCR Testing and Clinical Features For Diagnosis of COVID-
19 facilitates management of SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak
AU - Wang, Yishan
AU - Kang, Hanyujie
AU - Liu, Xuefeng
AU - Tong, Zhaohui
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, a cluster of acute respiratory illness occurred in Wuhan,
Hubei Province, China. This disease is now officially known as 2019 novel
coronavirus disease (COVID-19) from WHO, novel coronavirus pneumonia This article
is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO - J Med Virol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1002/jmv.25721
SP - 10.1002/jmv.25721
EP -
AN - 32096564
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25721
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Dynamic changes of chest CT imaging in patients with corona virus disease-19
(COVID-19)
AU - Wang, Jincheng
AU - Liu, Jinpeng
AU - Wang, Yuanyuan
AU - Liu, Wei
AU - Chen, Xiaoqun
AU - Sun, Chao
AU - Shen, Xiaoyong
AU - Wang, Qidong
AU - Wu, Yaping
AU - Liang, Wenjie
AU - Ruan, Lingxiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dynamic changes of chest CT images of patients with
corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19). METHODS: Fifty-two cases of COVID-19 were
admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of
Medicine. The consecutive chest CT scans were followed up for all patients with an
average of 4 scans performed per patient during the hospitalization. The shortest
interval between each scan was 2 days and the longest was 7 days. The shape, number
and distribution of lung shadows, as well as the characteristics of the lesions on
the CT images were reviewed. RESULTS: The obvious shadows infiltrating the lungs
were shown on CT images in 50 cases, for other 2 cases there was no abnormal
changes in the lungs during the first CT examination. Ground-glass opacities (GGO)
were found in 48 cases (92.3%), and 19 cases (36.5%) had patchy consolidation and
sub-consolidation, which were accompanied with air bronchi sign in 17 cases
(32.7%). Forty one cases (78.8%) showed a thickened leaflet interval, 4 cases
(7.6%) had a small number of fibrous stripes. During hospitalization, GGO lesions
in COVID-19 patients gradually became rare, the fibrous strip shadows increased and
it became the most common imaging manifestation. The lesions rapidly progressed in
39 cases (75.0%) within 6-9 days after admission. On days 10-14 of admission, the
lesions distinctly resolved in 40 cases (76.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The chest CT images
of patients with COVID-19 have certain characteristics with dynamic changes, which
are of value for monitoring disease progress and clinical treatment.
JO - Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban
PB -
CY -
VL - 49
IS - 1
PG - 0-0
SP - 0
EP - 0
AN - 32096366
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - One world, one health: The novel coronavirus COVID-19 epidemic
AU - Trilla, Antoni
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Med Clin (Barc)
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - S0025-7753(20)30141-X
SP - S0025
EP - 7753(20)30141
AN - 32093921
DO - 10.1016/j.medcli.2020.02.002
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emergency management of prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia
in departments of stomatology
AU - TANG, He Shu
AU - YAO, Zhi Qing
AU - WANG, Wen Mei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Complying with overall requirements of the government and regulations on
public health emergences, as well as the clinical features of diagnosis and
treatment of dental illness, this paper refers to previous guidelines and studies
on the infection prevention and control in dental diagnosis and treatment in China
and foreign countries. Nanjing Stomatological Hospital has implemented the
emergency management practices for the prevention and control of novel coronavirus
pneumonia (NCP), mainly focusing on the implementation of prevention and control
training programs for medical staffs and the infection control projects on the
hospital environment. This study could provide reference for rapid response and
emergency management for the prevention and control of NCP in the departments of
stomatology.
PB -
CY -
VL - 55
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Understanding of COVID-19 based on current evidence
AU - Sun, Pengfei
AU - Lu, Xiaosheng
AU - Xu, Chao
AU - Sun, Wenjuan
AU - Pan, Bo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since December 2019, a series of unexplained pneumonia cases has been
reported in Wuhan, China. On January 12, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO)
temporarily named this new virus as the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). On
February 11, 2020, the WHO officially named the disease caused by the 2019-nCoV as
Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19). The COVID-19 epidemic is spreading all over the
world, especially in China. Based on the published evidence, we systematically
discuss the characteristics of COVID-19 in the hope of providing a reference for
future studies and help for the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO - J Med Virol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1002/jmv.25722
SP - 10.1002/jmv.25722
EP -
AN - 32096567
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25722
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A numerical study of ventilation strategies for infection risk mitigation in
general inpatient wards
AU - Satheesan, Manoj Kumar
AU - Mui, Kwok Wai
AU - Wong, Ling Tim
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Aerial dispersion of human exhaled microbial contaminants and subsequent
contamination of surfaces is a potential route for infection transmission in
hospitals. Most general hospital wards have ventilation systems that drive air and
thus contaminants from the patient areas towards the corridors. This study
investigates the transport mechanism and deposition patterns of Middle East
Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) within a typical six bedded general
inpatient ward cubicle through numerical simulation. It demonstrates that both air
change and exhaust airflow rates have significant effects on not only the airflow
but also the particle distribution within a mechanically ventilated space.
Moreover, the location of an infected patient within the ward cubicle is crucial in
determining the extent of infection risk to other ward occupants. Hence, it is
recommended to provide exhaust grilles in close proximity to a patient, preferably
above each patient’s bed. To achieve infection prevention and control, high exhaust
airflow rate is also suggested. Regardless of the ventilation design, all patients
and any surfaces within a ward cubicle should be regularly and thoroughly cleaned
and disinfected to remove microbial contamination. The outcome of this study can
serve as a source of reference for hospital management to better ventilation design
strategies for mitigating the risk of infection.
JO - Building Simulation
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s12273-020-0623-4
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-020-0623-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Computers and viral diseases. Preliminary bioinformatics studies on the
design of a synthetic vaccine and a preventative peptidomimetic antagonist against
the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV, COVID-19) coronavirus
AU - Robson, B.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - This paper concerns study of the genome of the Wuhan Seafood Market isolate
believed to represent the causative agent of the disease COVID-19. This is to find
a short section or sections of viral protein sequence suitable for preliminary
design proposal for a peptide synthetic vaccine and a peptidomimetic therapeutic,
and to explore some design possibilities. The project was originally directed
towards a use case for the Q-UEL language and its implementation in a knowledge
management and automated inference system for medicine called the BioIngine, but
focus here remains mostly on the virus itself. However, using Q-UEL systems to
access relevant and emerging literature, and to interact with standard publically
available bioinformatics tools on the Internet, did help quickly identify sequences
of amino acids that are well conserved across many coronaviruses including 2019-
nCoV. KRSFIEDLLFNKV was found to be particularly well conserved in this study and
corresponds to the region around one of the known cleavage sites of the SARS virus
that are believed to be required for virus activation for cell entry. This sequence
motif and surrounding variations formed the basis for proposing a specific
synthetic vaccine epitope and peptidomimetic agent. The work can, nonetheless, be
described in traditional bioinformatics terms, and readily reproduced by others,
albeit with the caveat that new data and research into 2019-nCoV is emerging and
evolving at an explosive pace. Preliminary studies using molecular modeling and
docking, and in that context the potential value of certain known herbal extracts,
are also described.
JO - Computers in Biology and Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 103670
SP - 103670
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103670
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Psychological intervention in oral patients in novel coronavirus pneumonia
outbreak period
AU - QU, Xing
AU - ZHOU, Xue Dong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Public health emergencies have an impact on the public mental health. The
outbreak of the novel coronavirus has affected the normal diagnosis and treatment
services in oral medical institutions across the country. Delay of non-emergency
dental service will have a potential impact on the experience, cognition, treatment
and rehabilitation of patients with oral diseases. Through literature review, this
paper reviewed the oral psychosomatic diseases closely related to patients'
psychological state, such as oral mucosal disease, temporomandibular joint disease,
bruxism, periodontal disease and so on. It was believed that these patients might
be more susceptible to the impact of stress events, and dental specialists should
pay more attention to them. At the same time, this paper analyzes the possible
psychological stress symptoms of patients with different oral diseases, and puts
forward suggestions for remote consultation and emergency treatment of dentists.
From the perspective of social role, dentists not only played the role of expert in
dental home professional guidance, but also played the role of psychological
counseling for patients.
PB -
CY -
VL - 55
IS - 0
PG - E003-E003
SP - E003
EP - E003
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19 R0: Magic number or conundrum?
AU - Petrosillo, Giulio Viceconte
AU - Nicola
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - There is an increasing concern about COVID-19 worldwide. This is a new
emerging infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which
recently broke out from the Chinese city of Wuhan and has quickly spread in China,
with sporadic cases in each continent [...].
JO - Infectious Disease Reports
PB -
CY -
VL - 12
IS - 1
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.4081/idr.2020.8516
UR - https://doaj.org/article/4553d756cbb246cb8f992e8fa0ca1ee9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Mental Health Care Measures in Response to the 2019 Novel Coronavirus
Outbreak in Korea
AU - Park, Seon-Cheol
AU - Park, Yong Chon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Psychiatry Investig
PB -
CY -
VL - 17
IS - 2
PG - 85-86
SP - 85
EP - 86
AN - 32093458
DO - 10.30773/pi.2020.0058
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Challenges and countermeasures for organ donation during the SARS-CoV-2
epidemic: the experience of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital
AU - Pan, Lingai
AU - Zeng, Jie
AU - Yang, Hongji
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Up to 09:40 February 17, 2020, there have been 70,640 confirmed SARS-CoV-2
(aka 2019-nCoV) cases in China. Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital acts as an
organ transplant center in west of China, approximately 200 solid organ transplants
performed each year and can perform heart, lung, liver, kidney, small bowel, stem
cell transplantation, so it is necessary to establish a hospital-specific protocol
to deal with the SARS-CoV-2 infection for the donor and recipient.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00134-020-05978-8
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05978-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Surgical treatment strategy for digestive system malignancies during the
outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - Ma, F. H.
AU - Hu, H. T.
AU - Tian, Y. T.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia occurred in Wuhan, Hubei province
of China, at the end of 2019, and spread rapidly across the country. After the
outbreak of this disease, the overwhelming majority of cities have launched the
"first level response" and the regular diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients
are greatly affected. The digestive systemic cancer is the most common malignancy.
Most patients are diagnosed in the advanced stage with poor prognosis. The epidemic
of novel coronavirus pneumonia poses new challenges to diagnosis and treatment of
the patients with digestive system malignancies. Based on the fully understanding
of the characteristics of digestive system tumors, we should change the treatment
strategy and adopt more reasonable treatment strategy timely during the epidemic
period to minimize the adverse effects of the epidemic of novel coronavirus
pneumonia on the treatment.
JO - Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 42
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN - 32096396
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200223-00117
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Standardized diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer during the outbreak
of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Renji hospital
AU - LUO, Yang
AU - ZHONG, Ming
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) is currently raging in China. It has been
proven that NCP can be transmitted from human to human and cause hospital
infection, which seriously threatens surgical staffs and inpatients. Although
colorectal surgery is not a front-line subject in the fight against the epidemic,
but in this special situation, now it is a difficult task that with the premise of
how to maximize the protection for patients and their families, health of medical
staff, and the safety of wards and hospitals, we can provide the highest quality
medical services to ensure the orderly development of previous clinical work.
Referring to the "Diagnosis and Treatment Scheme for NCP (Trial Version 4 and
5)" and combining the actual practice situation in our hospital with the
"Summary of New Coronavirus Files of Shanghai Renji Hospital", we
summarize how to carry out the clinical practice of colorectal surgery under the
situation of the prevention and control of the NCP epidemiology, meanwhile under
such situation aiming the procedure of diagnose and treatment for emergency
patients with colorectal tumor, we share the experiences of the diagnosis of
colorectal tumor, the management of patients with colorectal cancer who are
scheduled to be admitted for surgery, the protection of wards, the perioperative
management. More importantly, we introduce in detail the operative management and
perioperative management of colorectal surgery patients suspected or diagnosed with
new coronary pneumonia, including prevention and control measures for medical
staff, operating rooms and surgical instruments. The main points are as follows:
(1) Multidisciplinary team (MDT) must be run through the diagnosis and treatment of
colorectal cancer. The members include not only routine departments, but also
respiratory department and infectious department. (2) Colonoscopy examination may
cause cross infection of NCP to patients and doctors. Therefore, it is prior to
examine the emergency cases and life-threatening patients (bleeding, obstruction,
gastrointestinal foreign bodies, etc.). If the emergent patients (intestinal
obstruction) with suspected or confirmed NCP, the surgeons must perform emergency
surgery, and intestinal decompressive tube through colonoscopy is not recommended.
(3) The colorectal cancer patients with suspected or confirmed NCP should be placed
in the isolated room with separate medical devices, and the operative room with
negative pressure (under-5 Pa) must be separated. All disposable medical items,
body fluids and feces of the patients in perioperative periods must be unified
disposed according to the medical waste standard. (4) The surgical medical workers
who process colorectal cancer patients with NCP must be protected by three-level.
After operation, the medical workers must receive medical observation and be
isolated for 14 days. We hope our "Renji experience" will be beneficial
to colleagues.
JO - Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
PB -
CY -
VL - 23
IS - 3
PG - E003-E003
SP - E003
EP - E003
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus pneumonia in the primary general hospital of treatment
based on traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation and prevention
AU - Liao, Rongye
AU - Yang, Jie
AU - Cao, Zhi
AU - Wang, Jun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - To observe the curative effect of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment
for novel coronavirus pneumonia (novel coronavirus pneumonia, NCP) patients and the
preventive effect for Chinese medical staff. Methods. A total of 62 NCP suspected
patients admitted in 2020 were treated with TCM syndrome differentiation and
treatment, as well as our hospital medical staff with No.1-4 hospital prescription.
After taking traditional Chinese medicine, 16 out of 25 NCP suspected patients with
phlegm heat stagnating lung syndrome were discharged to home for isolation
observation, 4 patients hospitalized for observation, and 5 patients confirmed with
NCP. For 15 patients with phlegm dampness accumulating lung syndrome, 7 patients
were discharged to home for isolation observation, 3 patients were hospitalized for
observation and 5 patients have been confirmed. For 18 patients with spleen stomach
disharmony syndrome, 15 patients were discharged to home for isolation observation,
1 patient was hospitalized for observation and 2 patients have been confirmed. For
4 patients with Qi deficiency and dampness stagnation syndrome were discharged to
home for isolation observation, 1 patient was hospitalized for observation, and two
have been confirmed. The duration of taking traditional Chinese medicine was 1 to
20 days from admission to be discharged. The doctors and nurses who took the
prescription of TCM for 12 to 15 days have been prevented from NCP infection.
Conclusions. The clinical effect and the preventive effect of TCM syndrome
differentiation and treatment for NCP have been proved to be satisfactory. TCM can
go into the primary hospital for treatment and prevention on NCP.
JO - International Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL - 42
IS - 0
PG - 001-001
SP - 001
EP - 001
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Management strategy of Novel coronavirus pneumonia in burn and wound care
ward
AU - LI, Ning
AU - LIU, Ting Min
AU - CHEN, Hua Ling
AU - LIAO, Jian Mei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has already
entered a key period . The patients treated in the burn and wound care ward are
susceptible to viral infection because of disease, age and other factors, so it is
very important to manage the burn and wound care ward during the prevention and
control of NCP epidemic. In this paper, combining with the key clinical problems of
prevention and control in hospital during the epidemic period of NCP infection,
medical evidence, and clinical and management experience, the author formulates
prevention and control management strategy of the author's unit in order to provide
reference for prevention and control of burn and wound care ward.
JO - Chinese Journal of Burns
PB -
CY -
VL - 36
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for SARS-CoV-2 and
other lineage B betacoronaviruses
AU - Letko, Michael
AU - Marzi, Andrea
AU - Munster, Vincent
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Over the past 20 years, several coronaviruses have crossed the species
barrier into humans, causing outbreaks of severe, and often fatal, respiratory
illness. Since SARS-CoV was first identified in animal markets, global viromics
projects have discovered thousands of coronavirus sequences in diverse animals and
geographic regions. Unfortunately, there are few tools available to functionally
test these viruses for their ability to infect humans, which has severely hampered
efforts to predict the next zoonotic viral outbreak. Here, we developed an approach
to rapidly screen lineage B betacoronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV and the recent
SARS-CoV-2, for receptor usage and their ability to infect cell types from
different species. We show that host protease processing during viral entry is a
significant barrier for several lineage B viruses and that bypassing this barrier
allows several lineage B viruses to enter human cells through an unknown receptor.
We also demonstrate how different lineage B viruses can recombine to gain entry
into human cells, and confirm that human ACE2 is the receptor for the recently
emerging SARS-CoV-2.
JO - Nat Microbiol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1038/s41564-020-0688-y
SP - 10.1038/s41564
EP - 020
AN - 32094589
DO - 10.1038/s41564-020-0688-y
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Are children less susceptible to COVID-19?
AU - Lee, Ping-Ing
AU - Hu, Ya-Li
AU - Chen, Po-Yen
AU - Huang, Yhu-Chering
AU - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Early Phylogenetic Estimate of the Effective Reproduction Number Of Sars-CoV-
2
AU - Lai, Alessia
AU - Bergna, Annalisa
AU - Acciarri, Carla
AU - Galli, Massimo
AU - Zehender, Gianguglielmo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - To reconstruct the evolutionary dynamics of the 2019 novel coronavirus
recently causing an outbreak in Wuhan, China, 52 SARS-CoV-2 genomes available on 04
February 2020 at GISAID were analysed. The two models used to estimate the
reproduction number (coalescent-based exponential growth and a birth-death skyline
method) indicated an estimated mean evolutionary rate of 7.8 x 10(-4)
subs/site/year (range 1.1x10(-4) -15x10(-4) ) and a mean tMRCA of the tree root of
73 days. The estimated R value was 2.6 (range 2.1-5.1), and increased from 0.8 to
2.4 in December 2019. The estimated mean doubling time of the epidemic was between
3.6 and 4.1 days. This study proves the usefulness of phylogeny in supporting the
surveillance of emerging new infections even as the epidemic is growing. This
article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO - J Med Virol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1002/jmv.25723
SP - 10.1002/jmv.25723
EP -
AN - 32096566
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25723
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Therapeutic strategies in an outbreak scenario to treat the novel coronavirus
originating in Wuhan, China [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]
AU - Kruse, Robert L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) originating in Wuhan, China presents a
potential respiratory viral pandemic to the world population. Current efforts are
focused on containment and quarantine of infected individuals. Ultimately, the
outbreak could be controlled with a protective vaccine to prevent 2019-nCoV
infection. While vaccine research should be pursued intensely, there exists today
no therapy to treat 2019-nCoV upon infection, despite an urgent need to find
options to help these patients and preclude potential death. Herein, I review the
potential options to treat 2019-nCoV in patients, with an emphasis on the necessity
for speed and timeliness in developing new and effective therapies in this
outbreak. I consider the options of drug repurposing, developing neutralizing
monoclonal antibody therapy, and an oligonucleotide strategy targeting the viral
RNA genome, emphasizing the promise and pitfalls of these approaches. Finally, I
advocate for the fastest strategy to develop a treatment now, which could be
resistant to any mutations the virus may have in the future. The proposal is a
biologic that blocks 2019-nCoV entry using a soluble version of the viral receptor,
angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), fused to an immunoglobulin Fc domain (ACE2-
Fc), providing a neutralizing antibody with maximal breath to avoid any viral
escape, while also helping to recruit the immune system to build lasting immunity.
The ACE2-Fc therapy would also supplement decreased ACE2 levels in the lungs during
infection, thereby directly treating acute respiratory distress pathophysiology as
a third mechanism of action. The sequence of the ACE2-Fc protein is provided to
investigators, allowing its possible use in recombinant protein expression systems
to start producing drug today to treat patients under compassionate use, while
formal clinical trials are later undertaken. Such a treatment could help infected
patients before a protective vaccine is developed and widely available in the
coming months to year(s).
JO - F1000Research
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.12688/f1000research.22211.2
UR - https://doaj.org/article/33b8fde0a6f34e978d3470caa9a491b5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential association between COVID-19 mortality and health-care resource
availability
AU - Ji, Yunpeng
AU - Ma, Zhongren
AU - Peppelenbosch, Maikel P.
AU - Pan, Qiuwei
PY -
PD -
N2 - As recorded by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China
CDC), by Feb 16, 2020, there had been 70 641 confirmed cases and 1772 deaths due to
COVID-19, with an average mortality of about 2·5%. However, in-depth analysis of
these data show clear disparities in mortality rates between Wuhan (>3%), different
regions of Hubei (about 2·9% on average), and across the other provinces of China
(about 0·7% on average). We postulate that this is likely to be related to the
rapid escalation in the number of infections around the epicentre of the outbreak,
which has resulted in an insufficiency of health-care resources, thereby negatively
affecting patient outcomes in Hubei, while this has not yet been the situation for
the other parts of China (figure A, B). If we assume that average levels of health
care are similar throughout China, higher numbers of infections in a given
population can be considered an indirect indicator of a heavier health-care burden.
Plotting mortality against the incidence of COVID-19 (cumulative number of
confirmed cases since the start of the outbreak, per 10 000 population) showed a
significant positive correlation (figure C), suggesting that mortality is
correlated with health-care burden.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30068-1
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30068-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Update: Public Health Response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak —
United States, February 24, 2020 | MMWR
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Fourteen cases have been diagnosed in the United States, in addition to 39
cases among repatriated persons from high-risk settings, for a current total of 53
cases within the United States. U.S. government agencies and public health partners
are implementing aggressive measures to slow and try to contain transmission of
COVID-19 in the United States.
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6908e1.htm?s_cid=mm6908e1_w
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Six weeks into the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak- it is time
to consider strategies to impede the emergence of new zoonotic infections
AU - Harypursat, Vijay
AU - Chen, Yao-Kai
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000760
SP - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000760
EP -
AN - 32097202
DO - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000760
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Recent insights into 2019-nCoV: a brief but comprehensive review
AU - Han, Qingmei
AU - Lin, Qingqing
AU - Jin, Shenhe
AU - You, Liangshun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A novel coronavirus designated as 2019-nCoV hit the central Chinese city of
Wuhan in late December 2019, and subsequently spread rapidly to all provinces of
China and multiple countries. Up to 0:00 am February 9, 2020, a total of 37,287
cases have been confirmed infection of 2019-nCoV in China mainland, and 302 cases
have also been cumulatively reported from 24 countries. According to the latest
data, a total of 813 deaths occurred in China mainland, with the mortality reaching
approximately 2.2%. At present, there is no vaccine or specific drugs for human
coronavirus, so that it's critical to understand the nature of the virus and its
clinical characteristics to response to the 2019-nCoV outbreak. Thus, we summarize
the not much but timely reports on the 2019-nCoV in the present study, briefly but
comprehensively.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The antiviral compound remdesivir potently inhibits RNA-dependent RNA
polymerase from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
AU - Gordon, Calvin J.
AU - Tchesnokov, Egor P.
AU - Feng, Joy Y.
AU - Porter, Danielle P.
AU - Gotte, Matthias
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Antiviral drugs for managing infections with human coronaviruses are not yet
approved, posing a serious challenge to current global efforts aimed at containing
the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Remdesivir (RDV) is an investigational compound with a broad spectrum of antiviral
activities against RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory
syndrome (MERS-CoV). RDV is a nucleotide analog inhibitor of RNA-dependent RNA
polymerases (RdRps). Here, we co-expressed the MERS-CoV nonstructural proteins
nsp5, nsp7, nsp8, and nsp12 (RdRp) in insect cells as a part a polyprotein to study
the mechanism of inhibition of MERS-CoV RdRp by RDV. We initially demonstrated that
nsp8 and nsp12 form an active complex. The triphosphate form of the inhibitor (RDV-
TP) competes with its natural counterpart ATP. Of note, the selectivity value for
RDV-TP obtained here with a steady-state approach suggests that it is more
efficiently incorporated than ATP and two other nucleotide analogues. Once
incorporated at position i, the inhibitor caused RNA synthesis arrest at position
i+3. Hence, the likely mechanism of action is delayed RNA chain termination. The
additional three nucleotides may protect the inhibitor from excision by the viral
3'-5' exonuclease activity. Together, these results help to explain the high
potency of RDV against RNA viruses in cell-based assays.
JO - J Biol Chem
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - jbc.AC120.013056
SP - jbc.AC120.013056
EP -
AN - 32094225
DO - 10.1074/jbc.AC120.013056
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019 novel coronavirus infection and gastrointestinal tract
AU - Gao, Qin Yan
AU - Chen, Ying Xuan
AU - Fang, Jing Yuan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since end of December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown
origin was reported from Wuhan, Hubei province, China. As of Feb 17th, 2020,
statistical data show that the outbreak constitutes an epidemic threat in China,
where the exponential increase in patients has reached 75114 confirmed cases, with
2239 deaths. Different from SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus) and MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus) infection,
the initial presentations or the chief complain of some patients with the 2019
novel coronavirus (COVID-19) were gastrointestinal symptoms. So we call upon all
the first-line medical staff to be cautious and pay more attention to those
untypical patients especially from the epidemic area. Besides, as the viral nucleic
acids could be found in the fecal samples and anal swabs of some patients with
COVID-19 infection, the possibility of fecal-oral transmission need to be took into
account. Based on the previously and recently studies, we speculate that COVID-19
may have some relationship with the gut microbiota through angiotensin-converting
enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, thus targeting gut microbiota might be a new therapeutic
option for the treatment of virus-related pneumonia. This article is protected by
JO - J Dig Dis
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1111/1751-2980.12851
SP - 10.1111/1751
EP - 2980.12851
AN - 32096611
DO - 10.1111/1751-2980.12851
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Simulating and Forecasting the Cumulative Confirmed Cases of SARS-CoV-2 in
China by Boltzmann Function-based Regression Analyses
AU - Fu, Xinmiao
AU - Ying, Qi
AU - Zeng, Tieyong
AU - Long, Tao
AU - Wang, Yan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19 and blood safety: help with a dilemma
AU - Dodd, Roger Y.
AU - Stramer, Susan L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Transfusion Medicine Reviews
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmrv.2020.02.004
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Characteristics of and Public Health Responses to the Coronavirus Disease
2019 Outbreak in China
AU - Deng, Sheng-Qun
AU - Peng, Hong-Juan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, cases of unidentified pneumonia with a history of exposure
in the Huanan Seafood Market were reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province. A novel
coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was identified to be accountable for this disease. Human-
to-human transmission is confirmed, and this disease (named COVID-19 by World
Health Organization (WHO)) spread rapidly around the country and the world. As of
18 February 2020, the number of confirmed cases had reached 75,199 with 2009
fatalities. The COVID-19 resulted in a much lower case-fatality rate (about 2.67%)
among the confirmed cases, compared with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). Among the symptom composition of the
45 fatality cases collected from the released official reports, the top four are
fever, cough, short of breath, and chest tightness/pain. The major comorbidities of
the fatality cases include hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, cerebral
infarction, and chronic bronchitis. The source of the virus and the pathogenesis of
this disease are still unconfirmed. No specific therapeutic drug has been found.
The Chinese Government has initiated a level-1 public health response to prevent
the spread of the disease. Meanwhile, it is also crucial to speed up the
development of vaccines and drugs for treatment, which will enable us to defeat
COVID-19 as soon as possible.
JO - J Clin Med
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 2
PG - E575
SP - E575
EP -
AN - 32093211
DO - 10.3390/jcm9020575
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19 control in China during mass population movements at New Year
AU - Chen, Simiao
AU - Yang, Juntao
AU - Yang, Weizhong
AU - Wang, Chen
AU - Bärnighausen, Till
PY -
PD -
N2 - Government policies enacted during the Chinese Lunar New Year holiday are
likely to have helped reduce the spread of the virus by decreasing contact and
increasing physical distance between those who have COVID-19 and those who do not.
As part of these social distancing policies, the Chinese Government encouraged
people to stay at home; discouraged mass gatherings; cancelled or postponed large
public events; and closed schools, universities, government offices, libraries,
museums, and factories. Only limited segments of urban public transport systems
remained operational and all cross-province bus routes were taken out of service.
As a result of these policies and public information and education campaigns,
Chinese citizens started to take measures to protect themselves against COVID-19,
such as staying at home as far as possible, limiting social contacts, and wearing
protective masks when they needed to move in public.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30421-9
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30421-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Time to use the p-word? Coronavirus enters dangerous new phase
AU - Callaway, Ewen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As outbreaks surge worldwide, scientists fear that COVID-19 might soon become
pandemic. As outbreaks surge worldwide, scientists fear that COVID-19 might soon
become pandemic.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00551-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Preliminary Identification of Potential Vaccine Targets for the COVID-19
Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Based on SARS-CoV Immunological Studies
AU - Ahmed, F. Syed
AU - Quadeer, A. Ahmed
AU - McKay, R. Matthew
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The beginning of 2020 has seen the emergence of COVID-19 outbreak caused by a
novel coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
There is an imminent need to better understand this new virus and to develop ways
to control its spread. In this study, we sought to gain insights for vaccine design
against SARS-CoV-2 by considering the high genetic similarity between SARS-CoV-2
and SARS-CoV, which caused the outbreak in 2003, and leveraging existing
immunological studies of SARS-CoV. By screening the experimentally-determined SARS-
CoV-derived B cell and T cell epitopes in the immunogenic structural proteins of
SARS-CoV, we identified a set of B cell and T cell epitopes derived from the spike
(S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins that map identically to SARS-CoV-2 proteins. As
no mutation has been observed in these identified epitopes among the 120 available
SARS-CoV-2 sequences (as of 21 February 2020), immune targeting of these epitopes
may potentially offer protection against this novel virus. For the T cell epitopes,
we performed a population coverage analysis of the associated MHC alleles and
proposed a set of epitopes that is estimated to provide broad coverage globally, as
well as in China. Our findings provide a screened set of epitopes that can help
guide experimental efforts towards the development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
JO - Viruses
PB -
CY -
VL - 12
IS - 3
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/v12030254
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus latest: Trump requests $2.5 billion for coronavirus response
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Trump requests emergency funding for coronavirus response The White House on
24 February requested up to $2.5 billion to fund the US response to COVID-19. In a
letter to Congress, the Office of Management and Budget requested $1.25 billion in
new funding and proposed to make up the rest by repurposing funds allocated to
other programs, including $535 million assigned to the Ebola response.Updates on
the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people. Updates on
the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2020; published online Feb 18.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30111-0
PY -
PD -
N2 - Cuong LV, Giang HTN, Linh LC, et al. The first Vietnamese case of COVID-19
acquired from China. Lancet Infectious Diseases 2020; published online Feb 18.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30111-0—In this Letter, parts A and B in the
figure were labelled the wrong way around. This correction has been made to the
online version as of Feb 24, 2020, and will be made to the printed version.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30128-6
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30128-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Correction to Lancet Respir Med 2020; published online Feb 17.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X
PY -
PD -
N2 - Xu Z, Shi L, Wang Y, et al. Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with
acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med 2020; published online Feb
17. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X—In this Case Report “by obtaining
biopsy samples at autopsy” has been replace with “by postmortem biopsies” in
paragraph 1, “microvascular” has been replaced with “microvesicular” in two
incidences in paragraph 5, and “(B) Frequency of Th17 (CD4+ CCR6+CCR4+) subset” has
been changed to “(B) Frequency of Th17 (CD4+ CCR6+) subset” on page 3 of the
appendix. These corrections have been made to the online version as of Feb 25,
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30085-0
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30085-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Perinatal novel coronavirus infection: a case report
AU - ZHUANG, Siying
AU - GUO, Juanjuan
AU - CAO, Yuming
AU - CHEN, Huijun
AU - XU, Dan
AU - LI, Jiafu
AU - ZHANG, Yuanzhen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - We hereby reported the diagnosis, treatment process and perinatal outcome of
a patient with novel coronavirus infection in perinatal period. The pregnant woman
delivered a boy by cesarean section at 37 +2 gestational weeks due to severe liver
dysfunction. She subsequently had a high fever 2 days later, and novel coronavirus
infection was confirmed by nucleic acid test in a throat swab. After a 12-day
isolation and support treatment, her two consecutive throat swab results for novel
coronavirus turned negative and she was discharged. The novel coronavirus was
tested in the patient's blood, urine, breast milk as well as the neonatal throat
swab, and the results were all negative. The neonate had an elevated myocardial
enzyme, but was otherwise well and was discharged after 14-day isolation with
normal myocardial enzyme.
JO - Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL - 23
IS - 2
PG - 85-90
SP - 85
EP - 90
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Current status of treatment for 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - ZHU, Naiwei
AU - ZHAO, Ping
AU - QI, Zhongtian
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a new member of coronavirus family that
can cause serious respiratory diseases after the emergence of severe acute
respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and middle east respiratory syndrome-
coronavirus (MERS-CoV). At present, there is no specific antiviral drug targeting
2019-nCoV. In facing of the increasingly serious epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus
pneumonia and the urgent needs in drug treatment strategies, this paper reviewed
the current research situation and progress in antiviral treatment for the newly
identified disease.
JO - Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
PB -
CY -
VL - 40
IS - 1
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Reconsideration on the multiple value of Behavior determining Health: in the
perspective of the situation of COVID-19
AU - ZHU, Lifang
AU - BIE, Mingke
AU - SONG, Guojian
AU - YANG, Zhiyin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Why has the concept of behavior determining health created more and more
extensive and far-reaching influence ever since it was put forward? The reason lies
in its multiple values. It is of great practical significance and has important
implications for long-term health care to explore and analyze in the perspective of
the situation of COVID-19 its philosophical values, cultural values, methodological
values, social values and the national strategic value of 'healthy China'.
JO - Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science
PB -
CY -
VL - 29
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) antagonizes interferon-β
production via blocking IPS-1 and RIG-I
AU - Zhou, Zhihai
AU - Sun, Yuan
AU - Yan, Xiaoling
AU - Tang, Xiaoyu
AU - Li, Qianniu
AU - Tan, Yaorong
AU - Lan, Tian
AU - Ma, Jingyun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), a newly emerging
enteric coronavirus, is considered to be associated with swine acute diarrhea
syndrome (SADS) which has caused significantly economic losses to the porcine
industry. Interactions between SADS-CoV and the host innate immune response is
unclear yet. In this study, we used IPEC-J2 cells as a model to explore potential
evasion strategies employed by SADS-CoV. Our results showed that SADS-CoV infection
failed to induce IFN-β production, and inhibited poly (I:C) and Sendai virus (SeV)-
triggered IFN-β expression. SADS-CoV also blocked poly (I:C)-induced
phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of IRF-3 and NF-κB. Furthermore, SADS-CoV
did not interfere with the activity of IFN-β promoter stimulated by IRF3, TBK1 and
IKKε, but counteracted its activation induced by IPS-1 and RIG-I. Collectively,
this study is the first investigation that shows interactions between SADS-CoV and
the host innate immunity, which provides information of the molecular mechanisms
underlying SASD-CoV infection.
JO - Virus Research
PB -
CY -
VL - 278
IS -
PG - 197843
SP - 197843
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197843
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Anesthesia management for cesarean section during novel coronavirous epidemic
AU - ZHOU, Zhiqiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Thirty-six puerperas who underwent emergency cesarean section at Tongji
Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
from January 24, 2020 to February 9, 2020, who all wore medical surgical masks,
were retrospectively included in this study. Anesthesia management was performed
under tertiary medical protection measures. A dedicated anesthesia equipment was
separately sterilized. Narcotic drugs were used for one patient only, and
disposable medical supplies were used for anesthetic supplies. Contact transmission
should be avoided when a neonate required resuscitation, and early isolation and
nucleic acid testing were provided for the neonates. The rate of suspected cases of
novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was 11% , and the rate of clinically diagnosed cases
was 17% before surgery. The rate of clinically diagnosed cases of 2019-nCoV was
22%, the rate of confirmed cases was 8%, and the total positive rate of diagnosis
was 31% after surgery. The rate of neuraxial anesthesia was 86%, the rate of
general anesthesia was 14%, the time of spinal puncture was (15±7) min, the
time of tracheal intubation under general anesthesia was (2.1±1.3) min, the
operation time was (95±36) min, and blood loss was (276±166) ml. The
Apgar score of newborns was 8.8 ± 0.5. There was 1 neonate whose mother
was diagnosed as having 2019 novel coronavirous disease after operation, an
oropharyngeal swab specimen was obtained at 36 h of birth, and the swab was tested
positive for 2019-nCoV by nucleic acid testing. As of February 10, 2020, an
anesthesiologist involved in the operation was diagnosed to have infection by 2019-
nCoV. In conclusion, diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirous disease during pregnancy
is more difficult, it is necessary to perform anesthesia management for cesarean
section under tertiary medical protection. Although the difficulty in anesthesia
operation is increased under tertiary medical protection, anesthesiologists can
carry out standardized anesthesia management and guarantee the safety of maternal
and infants and anesthesiologists themselves as long as they are rigorously trained
and adhere to protective protocols.
JO - Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology
PB -
CY -
VL - 40
IS - 0
PG - E006-E006
SP - E006
EP - E006
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Research on the prevention and control of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
for Internet-based hospitals using UTAUT-DST model
AU - ZHOU, Yuan
AU - TIAN, Di
AU - ZHOU, Dian
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Thanks to the transmission characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus
pneumonia, Internet-based hospitals can effectively cut off the transmission route
via online consulting service. The hospital, leveraging the UTAUT model and DST
theory, and advantages of Internet-based hospitals, is deploying step by step such
four modules, as 'pre-hospital screening', 'patient acceptance', 'auxiliary
diagnosis and treatment', and 'prevention and control linkage'. These efforts
ultimately contribute to an innovative prevention and control pattern against the
novel coronary pneumonia for Internet-based hospitals and based on the UTAUT-DST
model. This practice proves an initial success, and offers useful references for
prevention and control of the NCP and development of other Internet-based
hospitals.
JO - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB -
CY -
VL - 36
IS - 0
PG - E006-E006
SP - E006
EP - E006
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - How Ophthalmologists Should Understand and Respond to the Current Epidemic of
Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19)
AU - ZHIJIE, Li
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The new coronavirus pneumonia that first appeared in Wuhan, China, in
December 2019 has attracted great attention from both the Chinese government and
the international community. The International Committee on Viral Classification
named the virus 'Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2' (SARS-CoV-2), and
the WHO named the pneumonia it causes 'Coronavirus Disease 2019' (COVID-19). At
present, the disease is centered in Wuhan City and is spreading rapidly to all
parts of China, as well as twenty other countries. About 20% of the people infected
during the SARS epidemic in 2003 were employees in hospital environments. COVID-19
has infected an even greater number of heath care workers. Therefore,
ophthalmologists need to understand the disease and recognize the importance of
taking preventive measures. Although ophthalmologists do not work on the front
lines of the outbreak, due to their area of expertise, a variety of situations,
such as infection consultations or ophthalmic emergency treatments, can lead to the
exposure of ophthalmologists to high-risk environments. This risk will only
increase as the number of infected patients continues to increase. When dealing
with seemingly normal ophthalmic patients, the vigilance of ophthalmologists and
associated staff tends to be significantly reduced. To better protect patients,
families, and health care workers, it is strongly recommended that in addition to
the standard precautions for the care of all patients, strict contact precautions
and droplet precautions need to be taken by ophthalmologists. These measures
include 1) wearing an efficient mask (an N95 mask); 2) always performing hand
hygiene before and after examining a patient; (3) wearing sterile gloves when
entering a patient’s room and touching a patient; (4) wearing a gown when
contact is expected with items and environmental surfaces surrounding a patient or
when the patient is incontinent or has diarrhea or a surgical or other invasive
wound with oozing fluid; 5) cleaning and disinfecting ophthalmic equipment and
correctly handling medical waste after examination to prevent transmission to
patients who are subsequently examined; 6) wearing goggles and a disposable mask to
cover the front and sides of the face before touching a patient, as the virus could
spread through the ocular surface; 7) performing the relevant screening for novel
coronavirus pneumonia for regular patients who have conjunctivitis and respiratory
symptoms at the same time; 8) prohibiting the use of infected patients as potential
donors for corneal transplants and temporarily adding donor SARS-CoV-2 screening to
the medical standard of the eye bank during the outbreak; and 9) for the purposes
of scientific research, diagnosis, and other special needs, packing, shipping, and
transporting collected specimens according to the relevant dangerous biological
goods regulations.
JO - Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB -
CY -
VL - 38
IS - 0
PG - E003-E003
SP - E003
EP - E003
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Suggestions casted to the novel coronavirus nucleic acid amplification test
from viral pneumonia pathogenesis
AU - ZHAO, Xiuying
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - An outbreak of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV), results in Coronavirus disease
that began in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly with cases now confirmed in multiple
countries. Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT), represent by reverse-
transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) plays an important role in disease
diagnosis and treatment evaluation. The test results by RT-PCR have attracted much
attention recently. As understanding to this novel pathogen is still limited, it
would be much help to combine the knowledge about its pathogenesis to judge the
test results, in addition to review the quality control in laboratory. This review
will focus on understanding the specific RT-PCR performance of the 2019-nCoV, under
the background of viral pneumonia. The purpose of this review is to add value to
NAAT of 2019-nCoV, with combined knowledge of epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical
characteristics and pre-analysis quality control from viral pneumonia.
JO - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E009-E009
SP - E009
EP - E009
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical characteristics of 28 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - ZHAO, Rui
AU - LIANG, Yunguang
AU - LIN, Yanrong
AU - LU, Ning
AU - LI, Qiulian
AU - LI, Youling
AU - PAN, Pan
AU - HE, Wei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To analysis the clinical characteristics and experiences in
diagnosis and treatment of the patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP).
Methods Clinical data of 28 patients with NCP in Nanning Fourth People's Hospital
from January 22 to February 5 in 2020 were collected. The clinical manifestations,
epidemiological history, laboratory tests, imaging examinations and treatments of
patients were analyzed retrospectively. Results The 28 patients with confirmed
viral pneumonia included 11 males and 17 females, ranging from 11 to 68 years. They
all had history of epidemiological exposure and were all positive for 2019-nCoV
nucleic acid in throat swabs. There were one mild case, 25 ordinary cases and two
severe cases. There were four groups of family clusters. The illness onset ranged
from 1 to 12 days after exposure, and the time from the symptom onset to the
positive result of the nucleic acid test was 0 to 13 days. The clinical symptoms
were mainly fever and cough, which progressed rapidly in a short period of time.
Since the onset of illness, the peak values of axillary temperature of the 28
patients were 36.6~39.5 ℃, while five patients had no fever throughout the
course of the disease with the peak temperature of ≤37 ℃. There were two
patients presented with decreased white blood cell counts, five patients with
elevated C reactive protein, six patients with abnormal alanine aminotransferase,
three patients with abnormal aspartate aminotransferase,10 patients with elevated
creatine kinase, three patients with elevated creatine kinase isoenzyme, four
patients with elevated lactate dehydrogenase, and all with normal procalcitonin
levels. The chest computed tomography examinations showed that the common features
were ground glass shadows (21 cases), blurred edges (18 cases), speckles and patchy
shadows (17 cases), thickening and disorder of some lung textures (7 cases), and
visible band shadows (7 cases). Pulmonary lesions often progressed rapidly. One 11-
year-old child was treated with alpha-interferon alone, and 27 patients were
treated with alpha-interferon inhalation plus lopinavir/ritonavir with 4 withdrawal
due to adverse reactions. Up to February 12, nine patients had been discharged from
the hospital, who were ordinary cases, without death cases. Conclusions The NCP
patients mostly present with fever and cough. Pulmonary lesions often progress
rapidly. Respiratory pathogen testing should be conducted as early as possible and
repeatedly. Disisolation should be cautious for suspected people who are negative
for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid in pharynx swabs.
JO - Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB -
CY -
VL - 38
IS - 0
PG - E006-E006
SP - E006
EP - E006
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The treatment proposal for the patients with breast diseases in the central
epidemic area of 2019 coronavirus disease
AU - ZHAO, Lu
AU - ZHANG, Lin
AU - LIU, Jinwen
AU - YANG, Zhifang
AU - SHEN, Wenzhuang
AU - LI, Xingrui
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Currently, the epidemic of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is still
ongoing. The characteristics including high contagiousness, herd susceptibility and
clinical phenotype diversity, made a serious influence on people’s daily life
and rountine therapy for other diseases. Breast dieases are clinical common
diseases. In the central epidemic area of COVID-19, Hubei province, especially
Wuhan, the clinical specialists of breast diseases should consider all of the
following factors comprehensively: the prevention of COVID-19, the diagnosis and
treatment of breast diseases and the accessibility of medical resources. Besides,
we should select the appropriate therapy and optimize treatment process so as to
prevent the propagation and cross infection of COVID-19 as well as manage the
breast diseases without delay. Therefore, we carried out some management proposals
of the patients with breast diseases in the central epidemic area during the
epidemic of COVID-19 on the basis of conventional treatment guidelines and clinical
experiences. The suggestions and corrections from colleagues will be welcomed.
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E005-E005
SP - E005
EP - E005
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Key points of serious adverse eventand protection of patients in ophthalmic
clinical trials during novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak
AU - ZHANG, Peng
AU - LU, Yingyi
AU - SONG, Shuang
AU - YU, Xiaobing
AU - DAI, Hong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia is the most
priority recently, and various measures during the prevention and control period
will have varying degrees of impact on the implement of clinical trials. However,
various examinations in ophthalmological clinical trials need close contact between
operators and patients, which put us at risk of cross-infection. This paper
indicated some suggestions based on the criteria of clinical trials under major
public health emergencies, the management of clinical trials during epidemic period
including the follow-up of subjects, the treatment of epidemic serious adverse
event (SAE) and the management requirements of co-sponsors, as well as the
requirements and management principles for environment, subjects, examiners and
inspection equipment in the process of ophthalmic clinical trials. It may be
helpful to the ophthalmic clinical trial researchers and subjects during the period
of novel coronavirus infection.
PB -
CY -
VL - 38
IS - 0
PG - E007-E007
SP - E007
EP - E007
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Experts proposal and frequently asked questions of rapid screening and
prevention of novel coronavirus pneumonia in children
AU - ZHANG, Lei
AU - CAO, Qing
AU - WANG, Ying
AU - LU, Quan
AU - HONG, Jianguo
AU - YIN, Yong
AU - ZHANG, Xiaobo
AU - ZHANG, Jianhua
AU - LU, Min
AU - DONG, Xiaoyan
AU - LU, Yanming
AU - ZHANG, Jing
AU - ZHANG, Jian
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has become the most severe
public health issue at the moment, threatening people′s lives. Pediatricians
in Shanghai have recently launched a discussion on the focused questions of NCP,
including the incidence situation, epidemiological features, essentials of early
screening, treatment and nosocomial infection prevention of children′s novel
coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV), and further put forward the experts proposal
upon the patterns of disease occurrence, development, diagnosis and control, for
the reference of frontline pediatricians.
PB -
CY -
VL - 35
IS - 2
PG - 105-111
SP - 105
EP - 111
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Corona Virus International Public Health Emergencies: Implications for
Radiology Management
AU - Zhang, Han-Wen
AU - Yu, Juan
AU - Xu, Hua-Jian
AU - Lei, Yi
AU - Pu, Zu-Hui
AU - Dai, Wei-Cai
AU - Lin, Fan
AU - Wang, Yu-Li
AU - Wu, Xiao-Liu
AU - Liu, Li-Hong
AU - Li, Min
AU - Mo, Yong-Qian
AU - Zhang, Hong
AU - Luo, Si-Ping
AU - Chen, Huan
AU - Lyu, Gui-Wen
AU - Zhou, Zhao-Guang
AU - Liu, Wei-Min
AU - Liu, Xiao-Lei
AU - Song, Hai-Yan
AU - Chen, Fu-Zhen
AU - Zeng, Liang
AU - Zhong, Hua
AU - Guo, Ting-Ting
AU - Hu, Ya-Qiong
AU - Yang, Xin-Xin
AU - Liu, Pin-Ni
AU - Li, Ding-Fu
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia was reported in
Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019 and has spread internationally. This
article discusses how radiology departments can most effectively respond to this
public health emergency.
JO - Academic Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.02.003
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Guidance on strengthening the management processes of children′s fever in
outpatient department during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic period (First
Edition)
AU - ZHANG, Guocheng
AU - CHENG, Xiaoning
AU - DING, Hui
AU - SHI, Zhaoling
AU - LI, Ruying
AU - FU, Zhou
AU - CHEN, Qiang
AU - ZHAO, Dongchi
AU - JIN, Runming
AU - NIE, Guoming
AU - LU, Jirong
AU - LIU, Changshan
AU - ZHAO, Deyu
AU - PAN, Jiahua
AU - FENG, Zhichun
AU - SHI, Yuan
AU - XIA, Zhengkun
AU - ZHENG, Chengzhong
AU - JIANG, Jinjin
AU - WANG, Junxia
AU - ZHENG, Yuejie
AU - SHANG, Yunxiao
AU - XIANG, Wei
AU - XU, Baoping
AU - SHEN, Kunling
AU - WANG, Tianyou
AU - YANG, Yonghong
AU - LU, Quan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP) is a class B infectious disease, which is
prevented and controlled according to class A infectious diseases. Recently,
children′s NCP cases have gradually increased, and children′s fever
outpatient department has become the first strategic pass to stop the epidemic.
Strengthening the management of the fever diagnosis process is very important for
early detection of suspected children, early isolation, early treatment and
prevention of cross-infection. This article proposes prevention and control
strategies for fever diagnosis, optimizes processes, prevents cross-infection,
health protection and disinfection of medical staff, based on the relevant
diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control programs of the National Health and
Health Commission and on the diagnosis and treatment experience of experts in
various provinces and cities. The present guidance summarizes current strategies on
pre-diagnosis; triage, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019-nCoV infection
in common fever, suspected and confirmed children, which provide practical
suggestions on strengthening the management processes of children′s fever in
outpatient department during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic period.
PB -
CY -
VL - 35
IS - 2
PG - 97-104
SP - 97
EP - 104
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Molecular Basis of Binding between Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
Coronavirus and CD26 from Seven Bat Species Distinct Roles for Sialoside and
Protein Receptors in Coronavirus Infection
AU - Yuan, Yuan
AU - Qi, Jianxun
AU - Peng, Ruchao
AU - Li, Chunrui
AU - Lu, Guangwen
AU - Yan, Jinghua
AU - Wang, Qihui
AU - Gao, George Fu
AU - Qing, Enya
AU - Hantak, Michael
AU - Gallagher, Tom
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Continued reports of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
infecting humans have occurred since the identification of this virus in 2012.
MERS-CoV is prone to cause endemic disease in the Middle East, with several dozen
spillover infections to other continents. It is hypothesized that MERS-CoV
originated from bat coronaviruses and that dromedary camels are its natural
reservoir. Although gene segments identical to MERS-CoV were sequenced from certain
species of bats and one species experimentally shed the virus, it is still unknown
whether other bats can transmit the virus. Here, at the molecular level, we found
that all purified bat CD26s (bCD26s) from a diverse range of species interact with
the receptor binding domain (RBD) of MERS-CoV, with equilibrium dissociation
constant values ranging from several to hundreds at the micromolar level. Moreover,
all bCD26s expressed in this study mediated the entry of pseudotyped MERS-CoV to
receptor-expressing cells, indicating the broad potential engagement of bCD26s as
MERS-CoV receptors. Further structural analysis indicated that in the bat receptor,
compared to the human receptor, substitutions of key residues and their adjacent
amino acids leads to decreased binding affinity to the MERS-RBD. These results add
more evidence to the existing belief that bats are the original source of MERS-CoV
and suggest that bCD26s in many species can mediate the entry of the virus, which
has significant implications for the surveillance and control of MERS-CoV
infection.IMPORTANCE In this study, we found that bat CD26s (bCD26s) from different
species exhibit large diversities, especially in the region responsible for binding
to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of Middle East respiratory syndrome
coronavirus (MERS-CoV). However, they maintain the interaction with MERS-RBD at
varied affinities and support the entry of pseudotyped MERS-CoV. These bat
receptors polymorphisms seem to confer evolutionary pressure for the adaptation of
CD26-binding virus, such as the ancestor of MERS-CoV, and led to the generation of
diversified CD26-engaging CoV strains. Thus, our data add more evidence to support
that bats are the reservoir of MERS-CoV and similar viruses, as well as further
emphasize the necessity to survey MERS-CoV and other CoVs among bats. Coronaviruses
(CoVs) are common human and animal pathogens that can transmit zoonotically and
cause severe respiratory disease syndromes. CoV infection requires spike proteins,
which bind viruses to host cell receptors and catalyze virus-cell membrane fusion.
Several CoV strains have spike proteins with two receptor-binding domains, an S1A
that engages host sialic acids and an S1B that recognizes host transmembrane
proteins. As this bivalent binding may enable broad zoonotic CoV infection, we
aimed to identify roles for each receptor in distinct infection stages. Focusing on
two betacoronaviruses, murine JHM-CoV and human Middle East respiratory syndrome
coronavirus (MERS-CoV), we found that virus particle binding to cells was mediated
by sialic acids; however, the transmembrane protein receptors were required for a
subsequent virus infection. These results favored a two-step process in which
viruses first adhere to sialic acids and then require subsequent engagement with
protein receptors during infectious cell entry. However, sialic acids sufficiently
facilitated the later stages of virus spread through cell-cell membrane fusion,
without requiring protein receptors. This virus spread in the absence of the
prototype protein receptors was increased by adaptive S1A mutations. Overall, these
findings reveal roles for sialic acids in virus-cell binding, viral spike protein-
directed cell-cell fusion, and resultant spread of CoV infections.IMPORTANCE CoVs
can transmit from animals to humans to cause serious disease. This zoonotic
transmission uses spike proteins, which bind CoVs to cells with two receptor-
binding domains. Here, we identified the roles for the two binding processes in the
CoV infection process. Binding to sialic acids promoted infection and also
supported the intercellular expansion of CoV infections through syncytial
development. Adaptive mutations in the sialic acid-binding spike domains increased
the intercellular expansion process. These findings raise the possibility that the
lectin-like properties of many CoVs contribute to facile zoonotic transmission and
intercellular spread within infected organisms.
PB -
CY -
VL - 94
IS - 5
PG - e01387-19
SP - e01387
EP - 19
AN -
DO - 10.1128/jvi.01387-19 10.1128/mBio.02764-19
UR - https://jvi.asm.org/content/jvi/94/5/e01387-19.full.pdf
https://mbio.asm.org/content/mbio/11/1/e02764-19.full.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Molecular Basis of Binding between Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
Coronavirus and CD26 from Seven Bat Species
AU - Yuan, Yuan
AU - Qi, Jianxun
AU - Peng, Ruchao
AU - Li, Chunrui
AU - Lu, Guangwen
AU - Yan, Jinghua
AU - Wang, Qihui
AU - Gao, George Fu
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Continued reports of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
infecting humans have occurred since the identification of this virus in 2012.
MERS-CoV is prone to cause endemic disease in the Middle East, with several dozen
spillover infections to other continents. It is hypothesized that MERS-CoV
originated from bat coronaviruses and that dromedary camels are its natural
reservoir. Although gene segments identical to MERS-CoV were sequenced from certain
species of bats and one species experimentally shed the virus, it is still unknown
whether other bats can transmit the virus. Here, at the molecular level, we found
that all purified bat CD26s (bCD26s) from a diverse range of species interact with
the receptor binding domain (RBD) of MERS-CoV, with equilibrium dissociation
constant values ranging from several to hundreds at the micromolar level. Moreover,
all bCD26s expressed in this study mediated the entry of pseudotyped MERS-CoV to
receptor-expressing cells, indicating the broad potential engagement of bCD26s as
MERS-CoV receptors. Further structural analysis indicated that in the bat receptor,
compared to the human receptor, substitutions of key residues and their adjacent
amino acids leads to decreased binding affinity to the MERS-RBD. These results add
more evidence to the existing belief that bats are the original source of MERS-CoV
and suggest that bCD26s in many species can mediate the entry of the virus, which
has significant implications for the surveillance and control of MERS-CoV
infection.IMPORTANCE In this study, we found that bat CD26s (bCD26s) from different
species exhibit large diversities, especially in the region responsible for binding
to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of Middle East respiratory syndrome
coronavirus (MERS-CoV). However, they maintain the interaction with MERS-RBD at
varied affinities and support the entry of pseudotyped MERS-CoV. These bat
receptors polymorphisms seem to confer evolutionary pressure for the adaptation of
CD26-binding virus, such as the ancestor of MERS-CoV, and led to the generation of
diversified CD26-engaging CoV strains. Thus, our data add more evidence to support
that bats are the reservoir of MERS-CoV and similar viruses, as well as further
emphasize the necessity to survey MERS-CoV and other CoVs among bats.
PB -
CY -
VL - 94
IS - 5
PG - e01387-19
SP - e01387
EP - 19
AN -
DO - 10.1128/JVI.01387-19
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A climatologic investigation of the SARS-CoV outbreak in Beijing, China
AU - Yuan, J.
AU - Yun, H.
AU - Lan, W.
AU - Wang, W.
AU - Sullivan, S. G.
AU - Jia, S.
AU - Bittles, A. H.
PY - 2006
PD -
N2 - The first cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) were identified
in November 2002, in Guangdong Province, China. The epidemic spread rapidly within
China and internationally, with 8454 recorded infections and 792 deaths by June 15,
2003. Temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity were the three key
meteorological determinants affecting the transmission of SARS. The peak spread of
SARS occurred at a mean temperature of 16.9 degrees C (95% CI, 10.7 degrees C to
23.1 degrees C), with a mean relative humidity of 52.2% (95% CI, 33.0% to 71.4%)
and wind speed of 2.8 ms(-1) (95% CI, 2.0 to 3.6 ms(-1)). In northern China, these
conditions are most likely to occur in the spring and suggest that SARS has a
seasonal nature akin to viruses such as influenza and the common cold. A regression
equation (Y=218.692-0.698X(t)-2.043X(h)+2.282X(w)) was derived to represent the
optimal climatic conditions for the 2003 SARS epidemic. Further investigations in
other regions are necessary to verify these results.
JO - American Journal of Infection Control
PB -
CY -
VL - 34
IS - 4
PG - 234-236
SP - 234
EP - 236
AN - 106466788. Language: English. Entry Date: 20060707. Revision Date: 20150819.
Publication Type: Journal Article
DO -
UR - http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?
direct=true&db=cin20&AN=106466788&site=ehost-live
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The world is changing fast!
AU - Young, Charles
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The world is changing fast! As of 9 February 2020, there now have been at
least 813 deaths from a novel strain of coronavirus that is thought to have
originated in Wuhan, China (2019-nCoV), at the end of 2019. These deaths are in the
context of the 37 558 cases of 2019-nCov which have already been diagnosed in China
and multiple other countries.1 In the United Kingdom (UK), recent research by
University College London, funded by the Nuffield Foundation, has found that 1 in
20 UK teachers now report long-lasting mental health problems, illustrating a
dramatic increase from around 1/100 teachers affected in this way in the 1990s.2 In
the United States (US), a recent report by Accenture (Artificial Intelligence [AI]:
Healthcare's new nervous system), estimates that AI in health will be worth around
$6.6 billion by 2021 and that “…when combined, key clinical health AI applications
can potentially create $150 billion in annual savings for the US healthcare economy
by 2026.”3 What do these facts and statistics have in common? Taken together they
illustrate the massive range and rate of change in health and the responsibility of
healthcare globally. In this context a valid question can be asked about the role
of general medical journals such as the International Journal of Clinical Practice
(IJCP). Having taken over as Editor in Chief of IJCP in January this year, I have
the honour of leading an internationally renowned medical journal, with a team of
extremely accomplished clinician editors, published by Wiley, one of the world's
leading biomedical publishers. In our rapidly changing healthcare world, IJCP is
eager, committed and ideally suited to undergo a transition process as well. As a
team, our view is that in a healthcare environment of seemingly ever-increasing
specialisation, one key role that a Journal such as ours should move to fulfil is
to publish important, high quality medical research and opinion that will inform
specialist clinicians about important general medical concepts, practical insights
and recent advances. Similarly, we will also aim to inform generalists about key
speciality medical advances that have relevance to generalists in the provision of
care to their patients. In this work a foundational aspect of our editorial
approach will be rather than looking for reasons to reject submissions, to clearly
identify problems with submitted research and opinion if they exist, and work
closely with authors to address these issues, allowing those authors to raise the
quality of their work to the highest level. In that context, as well as continuing
to publish submissions from internationally important clinicians and medical
researchers worldwide, we also see that IJCP should aim to specifically encourage
less experienced authors who nonetheless have important information to share with
the global healthcare community. In this way, IJCP will drive forward its primary
function of improving global health through the dissemination of world leading
medical information and debate. The world is changing fast, and IJCP has the energy
and vision to change with it!
JO - International Journal of Clinical Practice
PB -
CY -
VL - 74
IS - 3
PG - e13486
SP - e13486
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1111/ijcp.13486
UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.13486
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Chest Radiographic and CT Findings of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease
(COVID-19): Analysis of Nine Patients Treated in Korea
AU - Yoon, Soon Ho
AU - Lee, Kyung Hee
AU - Kim, Jin Yong
AU - Lee, Young Kyung
AU - Ko, Hongseok
AU - Kim, Ki Hwan
AU - Park, Chang Min
AU - Kim, Yun Hyeon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - OBJECTIVE: This study presents a preliminary report on the chest radiographic
and computed tomography (CT) findings of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-
19) pneumonia in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As part of a multi-institutional
collaboration coordinated by the Korean Society of Thoracic Radiology, we collected
nine patients with COVID-19 infections who had undergone chest radiography and CT
scans. We analyzed the radiographic and CT findings of COVID-19 pneumonia at
baseline. Fisher's exact test was used to compare CT findings depending on the
shape of pulmonary lesions. RESULTS: Three of the nine patients (33.3%) had
parenchymal abnormalities detected by chest radiography, and most of the
abnormalities were peripheral consolidations. Chest CT images showed bilateral
involvement in eight of the nine patients, and a unilobar reversed halo sign in the
other patient. In total, 77 pulmonary lesions were found, including patchy lesions
(39%), large confluent lesions (13%), and small nodular lesions (48%). The
peripheral and posterior lung fields were involved in 78% and 67% of the lesions,
respectively. The lesions were typically ill-defined and were composed of mixed
ground-glass opacities and consolidation or pure ground-glass opacities. Patchy to
confluent lesions were primarily distributed in the lower lobes (p = 0.040) and
along the pleura (p < 0.001), whereas nodular lesions were primarily distributed
along the bronchovascular bundles (p = 0.006). CONCLUSION: COVID-19 pneumonia in
Korea primarily manifested as pure to mixed ground-glass opacities with a patchy to
confluent or nodular shape in the bilateral peripheral posterior lungs. A
considerable proportion of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had normal chest
radiographs.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0132
SP - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0132
EP -
AN - 32100485
DO - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0132
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Management highlights for patients with orthopedic trauma during the epidemic
of Corona Virus Disease 2019
AU - YIN, Yingchao
AU - HOU, Zhiyong
AU - ZHU, Yanbin
AU - YANG, Shuhong
AU - CHEN, Wei
AU - WANG, Xiuli
AU - LI, Xiuting
AU - ZHANG, Qi
AU - ZHANG, Yingze
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Although the epidemic outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
restricted freecoming and going of people, it was inevitable that fracture
patients, elderly ones with low-energy fracture in part ICU lar, sought medical
attention. In this special situation, itwas crucial for trauma orthopaedists to do
well in prevention and control of COVID-19 infection and in perioperative
management of their patients as well while they went on with routine diagnosis and
treatment. It was also of great significance for prognosis of the patients and
prevention and control of the epidemic that orthopaedic surgeons chose proper
surgical and anesthesia methods. In the process of diagnosis, treatment, nursing
and rehabilitation, medical staff too was challenged by how to prevent themselves
from infection and how to eliminate cluster COVID-19 transmission. This paper, from
the perspectives of orthopedic surgeons, nurses and patients, expounds briefly on
the management of patients with orthopedic trauma during the epidemic period of
COVID-19 in a mode of multidisciplinary comprehensive interventions.
JO - Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
PB -
CY -
VL - 22
IS - 2
PG - E003-E003
SP - E003
EP - E003
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - New coronavirus pneumonia and outbreak epidemic virus and eye disease
AU - YIN, Shengjie
AU - ZHANG, Mingzhi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since the outbreak of the new coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in Wuhan City,
China, the main transmission mode as well as the diagnosis and treatment of NCP
have become a focus of research in China and World Health Organizations.
Understanding the mode of infection, transmission and biological behavior of the
novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is undoubtedly a key of cutting off the spread and
prevention of the disease which doctors are fearing to be a worldwide epidemic. In
February 2019, Lancet published a correspondence paper, which reviewed a case of
NCP patient who first started with conjunctivitis, and raised the issue that the
transmission of 2019-nCoV through the ocular surface must not be ignored, causing
widespread concern. However, due to a lack of clinical observation data and
laboratory research at present, the relationship between NCP pathogen infection and
ocular surface infection is not completely clear. So far, there have been many
studies and reports on the observation of large-scale epidemic virus infections and
eye diseases. This article reviews the eye performance of various types of epidemic
virus infections and provides a reference for NCP prevention and control.
PB -
CY -
VL - 38
IS - 2
PG - 156-160
SP - 156
EP - 160
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus pneumonia combined with viral conjunctivitis: three cases
report
AU - YE, Ya
AU - SONG, Yanping
AU - YAN, Ming
AU - HU, Cheng
AU - CHEN, Xiao
AU - YU, Juan
AU - REN, Xingfeng
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since January 2020, as ophthalmologists working at the center of the novel
coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) outbreak in Wuhan, China, we found 3 cases in 30 NCP
patients with binocular conjunctivitis. Of them, one case visited for
conjunctivitis as a first symptom and then diagnosed as NCP, and two cases visited
for binocular conjunctivitis during the NCP onset. In 3 patients, conjunctivitis
was manifested as signs of viral conjunctivitis from mild to moderate. Their
symptoms of two patients disappeared after treatment with antiviral eyedrops for 7
to 10 days and another patient died of NCP. Interestingly,although we detected
positive viral nucleic acid in the conjunctiva sacs of 2 of other 27 NCP patients
by using swabs and RT-PCR technology, no conjunctivitis occurred in these two
patients.
PB -
CY -
VL - 38
IS - 0
PG - E006-E006
SP - E006
EP - E006
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Prevention and consideration for the biosafety of laboratory testing under
epidemic condition
AU - YE, Qing
AU - LI, Wei
AU - ZHOU, Mingming
AU - FU, Junfen
AU - SHU, Qiang
AU - GONG, Fangqi
AU - SHANG, Shiqiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Laboratory testing plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of
patients with Novel Coronavirus pneumonia. However, the lack of understanding of
the virus in the early stage led to great difficulties in biosafety protection for
clinical laboratories. Based on the latest researches and findings about the virus,
this paper provides some personal opinions on the biosafety prevention in clinical
laboratorians under epidemic condition for the reference of laboratory workers.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E011-E011
SP - E011
EP - E011
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Tuberculosis and novel Wuhan coronavirus infection: pathological
interrelationship
AU - Yasri, Sora
AU - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2020.02.004
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Practice and thinking of the informationized cabin hospitals during the novel
coronavirus pneumonia period
AU - YAO, Gang
AU - ZHANG, Xiaoxiang
AU - WANG, Huoming
AU - LI, Jin
AU - TIAN, Jian
AU - WANG, Liang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Novel coronavirus pneumonia, which has emerged in Wuhan since the end of
2019, has posed a huge challenge for medical institutions in the city. Rapid
completion of a number of cabin hospitals plays a vital role in preventing further
spreading of the epidemic, by means of collecting and treating mild patients of the
disease. This paper presents the key process of Tongji Hospital in its rapid
informatization since it took over a cabin hospital. Based on the network
architecture of the Tongji cloud platform, the shared service center is used to
share data and integrate services between the cabin hospital and Tongji hospital.
This practice can prevent cross-infection and improve service efficiency as well,
hence offering a reference for future information infrastructure development of
cabin hospitals.
PB -
CY -
VL - 36
IS - 0
PG - E008-E008
SP - E008
EP - E008
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Strategies suggested for emergency diagnosis and treatment of traumatic
orthopedicsin the epidemic periodof Corona Virus Disease 2019
AU - YANG, Yue
AU - YU, Aixi
AU - XIAO, Wenxia
AU - SUN, Zhibo
AU - LIU, Feng
AU - WU, Fei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To suggest strategies for emergency diagnosis and treatment of
trauma orthopedics in the epidemic period of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19).
Methods In the epidemic of COVID-19 from January 21 to February 15, 2020, 128
patients with orthopaedic trauma sought emergency treatment at Department of
Orthopedic Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Wuhan University. They were 71
males and 57 females with an average age of 48.7 years (from 5 to 88 years).Of
them, 107 cases were treated at the outpatient department and 21 hospitalized.
Emergency operations were carried out for 4 cases and selective operationsfor 17
cases. COVID-19 infections were recorded in the patients and medical staff as well.
Measures taken and experiences learned were summarized since the epidemicoutbreak
of COVID-19. Results Of the 107 cases treated at the outpatient department, 3 had a
definite diagnosis of COVID-19 and 3 a suspected diagnosis of COVID-19. Of the 4
cases undergoing emergency surgery, one was suspected of having COVID-19. Of the 17
cases undergoing selective surgery, one was diagnosed definitely as COVID-19and 2
were suspected of COVID-19. Two nurses were diagnosed definitely as having
mildCOVID-19.One doctor and one nurse were suspected of COVID-19. Since the COVID-
19 infections in medical staff occurred all before the preventive and control
measures for COVID-19 had been implemented,is was not ruled out that their
infections might have come from communities. Conclusions It is particularly
important for medical institutions of all levels to maintain safe and effective
routine services while doing well in COVID-19 prevention. In the epidemic of COVID-
19, front-line medical staff in emergency traumatic orthopedics is faced with great
challenges in the process of diagnosing and treating patients. High-quality and
safe medical services can be provided as long as nosocomial COVID-19infection is
effectively controlled by rigid screening of patientsnewly admitted, classified
management of inpatients, optimal management of inpatient wards, standard
preventive measures in perioperative period, a perfect system for medical
protection, and medical education for patients and their carers.
JO - Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
PB -
CY -
VL - 22
IS - 2
PG - E004-E004
SP - E004
EP - E004
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Current status and progress of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - YANG, Xinying
AU - MIAO, Congliang
AU - JIN, Mengdi
AU - ZHOU, Dandan
AU - ZHUANG, Jinqiang
AU - HONG, Jiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Recently, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia outbroke in Wuhan
and rapidly spread to all over China and even the world. Because of the strong
infectivity and various clinical symptoms, it has brought certain difficulties to
the epidemic prevention and control. Currently there is no specific drug for 2019-
nCoV. Previous drugs used to treat other coronaviruses may be effective, but
further clinical trials remain needed. We reviewed literature on the epidemiology,
etiology, clinical manifestations, imaging manifestations, laboratory examination,
diagnosis, complications, treatment and outcome of 2019-nCoV pneumonia.
JO - Chinese Critical Care Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL - 32
IS - 2
PG - E006-E006
SP - E006
EP - E006
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical characteristics and imaging manifestations of the 2019 novel
coronavirus disease (COVID-19):A multi-center study in Wenzhou city, Zhejiang,
China
AU - Yang, Wenjie
AU - Cao, Qiqi
AU - Qin, Le
AU - Wang, Xiaoyang
AU - Cheng, Zenghui
AU - Pan, Ashan
AU - Dai, Jianyi
AU - Sun, Qingfeng
AU - Zhao, Fengquan
AU - Qu, Jieming
AU - Yan, Fuhua
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Background Little is known about COVID-19 outside Hubei. The aim of this
paper was to describe the clinical characteristics and imaging manifestations of
hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection in Wenzhou, Zhejiang,
China. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, 149 RT-PCR confirmed positive
patients were consecutively enrolled from January 17th to February 10th, 2020 in
three tertiary hospitals of Wenzhou. Outcomes were followed up until Feb 15th,
2020. Findings A total of 85 patients had Hubei travel/residence history, while
another 49 had contact with people from Hubei and 15 had no traceable exposure
history to Hubei. Fever, cough and expectoration were the most common symptoms, 14
patients had decreased oxygen saturation, 33 had leukopenia, 53 had lymphopenia,
and 82 had elevated C reactive protein. On chest computed tomography, lung segments
6 and 10 were mostly involved. A total of 287 segments presented ground glass
opacity, 637 presented mixed opacity and 170 presented consolidation. Lesions were
more localized in the peripheral lung with a patchy form. No significant difference
was found between patients with or without Hubei exposure history. Seventeen
patients had normal CT on admission of these, 12 had negative findings even10 days
later. Interpretation Most patients presented with a mild infection in our study.
The imaging pattern of multifocal peripheral ground glass or mixed opacity with
predominance in the lower lung is highly suspicious of COVID-19 in the first week
of disease onset. Nevetheless, some patients can present with a normal chest
finding despite testing positive for COVID-19. Funding: We did not receive any
fundings.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Early clinical manifestations and pulmonary imaging analysis of patients with
Novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - YANG, Tao
AU - YU, Xiaona
AU - HE, Xingxing
AU - ZHOU, Wei
AU - FU, Yifu
AU - FENG, QiMing
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To investigate the early clinical characteristics and radiographic
changes in confirmed Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) and excluded NCP patients.
Methods Twenty-four patients with suspected NCP admitted to Shanghai Jiao Tong
University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital and Jinshan Branch Hospital
between January and February, 2020 were chosen as our research subjects. Early
clinical features and radiographic changes were analyzed in 10 patients of
confirmed NCP and 14 patients of excluded NCP. Results In the early stage, all 24
suspected patients were mild, and had normal blood gas analysis. Of 10 diagnosed
patients, 50% were male. All the 10 patients had fever and fatigue, with body
temperature between 37.5℃ and 38.5℃. Only 1 patient had dry cough. 2
patients had no clear epidemiological exposure history, the other 8 had a clear
epidemiological exposure, with a possible incubation period of 1-10 days. From CT
imaging, lesions were characterized as ground glass shadow ( n =9), which could be
unilateral ( n =1) or bilateral ( n =9), and were mainly close to the pleura ( n
=9), with nodule shadow ( n =1) and without focal necrosis, and could combined with
pleural effusion ( n =1. Among patients excluded NCP, all 14 patients had a clear
history of epidemic exposure, with an onset time of 1 to 13 days. 12 patients had
fever , including 4 with temperature > 38.5°C, 8 with temperature 37.3-
38.5°C, and 2 without fever. All patients had fatigue , 7 patients had dry
cough and 2 patients had chest pain. From CT imaging, ground glass shadow appeared
in 4 patients , lesions were unilateral in 10 patients and bilateral in 4
patients , and the lesions were relatively sporadic, without necrosis or pleural
effusion. Conclusion 1．Not all patients with NCP have a direct history of
epidemiology exposure, some patients may be infected unknowingly. 2. According to
CT imaging, NCP seems to have no special manifestations different from other viral
pneumonia. 3. NCP is more common among middle-aged people.
PB -
CY -
VL - 29
IS - 0
PG - E005-E005
SP - E005
EP - E005
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - CT features of 2019-novel coronovirus pneumonia: SARS and MERS literature
review and analysis of CT features of two confirmed 2019-novel coronavirus
pneumonia cases
AU - YANG, Changwei
AU - FAN, Chenghui
AU - CHENG, Ailan
AU - LIU, Jing
AU - ZHU, Chongwen
AU - HU, Bo
AU - WANG, Rongfang
AU - QU, Lihong
AU - CHU, Shuguang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To analyze the CT manifestations of the 2019 novel coronavirus
pneumonia (NCP) combined with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle
East respiratory syndrome (MERS) literature review, and to summarize the
characteristics of CT imaging, so as to improve the ability of rapid and accurate
diagnosis. Methods CT manifestations of two confirmed cases of NCP were reported,
meanwhile the literatures on SARS and MERS imaging performance were reviewed and
summarized. Results The two cases of NCP were both in acute stage, the CT imaging
showed multiple and scattered ground-glass opacity (GGO) in both lungs, which is
similar to the CT performance of SARS and MERS in acute stage. Conclusions The CT
features of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia are similar to SARS and MERS. It has
certain characteristics and changes rapidly with the course of the disease. In the
acute stage, GGO and paving stone sign were the main manifestations. In the acute
phase, GGO and crazy paving are the main manifestations. In the progress stage, the
interlobular septal thickening and consolidation appeared. During the absorption
period, the lesions disappeared or fibrosis was left behind, with lung structure
distortion and bronchiectasis. Lymphadenopathy and hydrothorax were rare.
PB -
CY -
VL - 32
IS - 2
PG - E007-E007
SP - E007
EP - E007
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Functional Cell Receptors for Human Coronavirus
AU - YAN, Li
AU - XIANG, Jie
AU - CUI, Tianpen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Viruses infect host cells by binding to receptors on thesurface of cells.
Receptor is an important factor affecting host range and interspecific
transmission. In December 2019, an outbreak of unexplained pneumonia occurred in
Wuhan, Hubei province. The pathogen was a new coronavirus, named 2019
NovelCoronavirus (2019-nCoV) by WHO. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was
found to be the receptor of 2019-nCoV.This review provides a brief overview of
human coronavirus receptors and their applications, with a view to providing
references for the tracing, cross-species transmission, epidemiological analysis
and antiviral and vaccine studies of 2019-nCoV.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E005-E005
SP - E005
EP - E005
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and 2019-nCoV pneumonia
AU - YAN, Jie
AU - LI, Mingyuan
AU - SUN, Aihua
AU - PENG, Yihong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In the middle of December in 2019, a pneumonia outbreak caused by a new
coronavirus, 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), emerged in the populations in
Wuhan city of China. The epidemic spreads rapidly and has been disseminated
throughout the country and to 13 other counties in Asia, Europe, Oceania and North
America. To accurately and deeply understand the biological characteristics,
epidemiological features and pathogenicity of 2019-nCoV and related immunological
characteristics, microbiological examinations and public protection measure, this
study reviewed 2019-nCoV and 2019-nCoV pneumonia based on the newest relevant
literatures and the newest version of National Diagnosis and Treatment Scheme of
2019-nCoV pneumonia.
JO - Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
PB -
CY -
VL - 40
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Genetic diversity and potential recombination between ferret coronaviruses
from European and American lineages
AU - Xu, Yifei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 80
IS - 3
PG - 350-371
SP - 350
EP - 371
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical analysis of 23 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in Xinyang
City, Henan Province
AU - XU, Ming
AU - LI, Mengdie
AU - ZHAN, Weiqiang
AU - HAN, Tao
AU - LIU, Litao
AU - ZHANG, Guosheng
AU - LU, Yibin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and clinical
features of the patients with 2019-nCoV infection, so as to provide basis for
clinical diagnosis. Methods The epidemiology, clinical symptoms, laboratory and
radiologic data of 23 patients with 2019-nCoV infection admitted to the Fifth
People's Hospital of Xinyang City from January 22,2020 to January 29, 2020 were
retrospectively analyzed. Results The 23 patients with 2019 nCov infection
consisted of 15 men and 8 women, and the median age was 46.0 (40.5, 52.0) years
(27-80 years); 9 of them had basic disease (39%), including hypertension (17%),
cardiovascular diseases (17%), diabetes (9%), hypothyroidism (4%) and old
tuberculosis (4%). All the 23 patients had contact history in Wuhan area or with
confirmed infections. Clinical symptoms included: fever (100%), cough (70%),
expectoration (43%), myalgia (26%), headache (17%) and dyspnea (17%), and the less
common symptoms were diarrhea (4.3%). Blood routine test: white blood cells (WBC)
< 4×10 9 /L in 11 cases (48%), (4-10)×10 9 /L in 10 cases (43%),
>10 × 109/L in 2 cases (9%); lymphocytopenia in 13 cases (56%). All 23
patients had different degrees of infective lesions in chest CT examination, with 9
cases (39%) on one side and 14 cases (61%) on both sides. Classification: 19 mild
cases, 4 severe cases, no critical or death case. Complications included acute
respiratory distress syndrome [4 (17%)]. No case was reported with the damage of
liver or kidney function and with secondary infection. Conclusions Epidemic history
of contact, fever, pneumonia signs of chest CT, normal or decreased count of WBC
and lymphocytopenia are the clinical basis for diagnosis of the disease. However,
at present, the treatment of patients has not been completed, the effective
treatment strategy and final prognosis are not clear.
PB -
CY -
VL - 32
IS - 2
PG - E010-E010
SP - E010
EP - E010
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Advices on the prevention and control of nosocomial infection of novel
coronavirus within children’s hospitals
AU - XU, Hongzhen
AU - CHEN, Shuohui
AU - FU, Junfen
AU - SHU, Qiang
AU - CHEN, Zhimin
AU - SUN, Wei
AU - WANG, Dan
AU - ZHU, Haihong
AU - ZHOU, Hongqin
AU - HUANG, Guolan
AU - FU, Zangzang
AU - ZHAO, Hangyan
AU - WANG, Bin
AU - WU, Xiaoqing
AU - LIANG, Yuqin
AU - HUANG, Yufen
AU - GU, Meihong
AU - WANG, Wei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which began in
December 2019, has become the most serious public health problem, threatening
people's health and life. This threat is posing a severe challenge on the diagnosis
and treatment of 2019-nCoV infection, the prevention and control of hospital cross
infection of medical staff. It is suggested that in addition to strengthening the
organization and leadership of the abovementioned work, establishing and improving
the prevention and control mechanism deserve greater attention. Furthermore,
special attention should be given to the safety of the medical staff, strengthening
their infection monitoring and outbreak management. Medical staff in different work
areas and positions should be placed under careful protection, cleaning and
disinfection measures. The protection during specimen collection, transportation
and medical waste management should also be prioritized. This paper also put
forward management suggestions for the outpatient department, isolation ward and
other key departments. These measures are proposed to provide a guidance for the
prevention and control of 2019-nCoV nosocomial infection in the pediatric
outpatient and ward.
PB -
CY -
VL - 36
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - EuNPs-mAb fluorescent probe based immunochromatographic strip for rapid and
sensitive detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
AU - Xu, Fei
AU - Jin, Zhiyuan
AU - Zou, Siyi
AU - Chen, Chaoqun
AU - Song, Qifang
AU - Deng, Shengchao
AU - Xiao, Wei
AU - Zhang, Xiaoli
AU - Jia, Aiqing
AU - Tang, Yong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), induced by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
(PEDV) causes acute diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration and high mortality in neonatal
piglets, resulting in significant economic losses in the pig industries. In this
study, an immunochromatographic assay (ICA) based on a EuNPs-mAb fluorescent probe
was developed and optimized for rapid detection of PEDV. The limit of detection
(LOD) of the ICA was 0.218 μg/mL (2.725 × 103 TCID50/mL) and its linear detection
range was 0.03125–8 μg/mL (3.91 × 102-105 TCID50/mL). The ICA was also validated
for the detection of PEDV in swine stool samples. 60 swine stool samples from
southern China were analyzed by the ICA and RT-PCR, and the results showed that the
coincidence rate of the ICA to RT-PCR was 86.67%, which was significantly higher
than that of AuNPs based ICA. The ICA is sensitive and specific and can achieve on-
site rapid detection of swine stool samples. Therefore, the ICA has a great
potential for PED diagnosis and prevention.
JO - Talanta
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 120865
SP - 120865
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120865
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Difficulties and strategies of public hospitals in their participation in the
prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - XU, Dong
AU - HU, Yu
AU - DING, Ning
AU - XIA, Jiahong
AU - ZHANG, Yidan
AU - WEI, Li
AU - ZHANG, Ming
AU - WAN, Jie
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NC) across the country has
seriously threatened people's lives and health, endangering smooth operation of the
national economy and social stability. An all-out campaign to save the NCP patients
and reduce their mortality is not only one of the key tasks to fight against the
epidemic, but also a major responsibility and mission of public hospitals. In view
of the field practice of Wuhan Union Hospital in the epicenter, the authors
Described the challenges faced by such hospitals in the prevention and control,
summarized its experiences and proposed improvement measures, for reference of
other public hospitals and relevant authorities.
PB -
CY -
VL - 36
IS - 0
PG - E007-E007
SP - E007
EP - E007
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The management of biosafety risk in clinical laboratory of hospital during
the outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus disease
AU - XIAO, Yuling
AU - LU, Xiaojun
AU - KANG, Mei
AU - LI, Dongdong
AU - JIANG, Hong
AU - CHEN, Jie
AU - YING, Binwu
AU - XIE, Yi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - During the outbreak of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), the clinical
laboratories of hospitals designated for the disease treatment is undertaking a lot
of clinical testing work of infectious specimens. How to manage the biosafety risk
is a major problem that the clinical laboratory and the nosocomial infection
control department are facing. This article introduces the hierarchical prevention
and control biosafety measures in the clinical laboratory from the perspective of
the laboratory, with a view to provide reasonable and feasible methods for the
clinical laboratories of hospitals at various levels during the outbreak.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E010-E010
SP - E010
EP - E010
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Evaluation of coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions of patients
with SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU - Xia, Jianhua
AU - Tong, Jianping
AU - Liu, Mengyun
AU - Shen, Ye
AU - Guo, Dongyu
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the presence of novel coronavirus in
tears and conjunctival secretions of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. METHODS: A
prospective interventional case series study was performed, and 30 confirmed novel
coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) patients were selected at the First Affiliated Hospital
of Zhejiang University from January 26, 2020 to February 9, 2020. At an interval of
2-3 days, tear and conjunctival secretions were collected twice with disposable
sampling swabs for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay.
RESULTS: 21 common type and 9 severe type NCP patients were enrolled. Two samples
of tear and conjunctival secretions were obtained from the only one patient with
conjunctivitis yielded positive RT-PCR results. 58 samples from other patents were
all negative. CONCLUSION: We speculate that SARS-CoV-2 may be detected in the tears
and conjunctival secretions in NCP patients with conjunctivitis. This article is
JO - J Med Virol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1002/jmv.25725
SP - 10.1002/jmv.25725
EP -
AN - 32100876
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25725
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Understanding the Influence Factors in Viral Nucleic Acid Test of 2019 novel
Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU - XI, Mo
AU - WEI, Qin
AU - QIHUA, Fu
AU - MING, Guan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - At present, the prevention and control of new coronavirus has entered a
critical period. However, the use of quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assays
for the detection of viral nucleic acid, as a crucial diagnostic approach, has been
doubted in clinical practice. Herein, we have reviewed the current status of
epidemic prevention and control, latest development of detection technologies,
disease characteristics, clinical sampling and transport. We have also discussed
the factors that may affect the performance of viral nucleic acid detection, and
suggested some effective methods to improve the detection performance of the
assays.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Materialism and dialectics of epidemic prevention and control: only by
respecting science can we get twice the result with half the effort
AU - WU, Xiukun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The epidemic caused by 2019 novel coronavirus has been highly concerned by
the international community including World Health Organization (WHO). This is an
endless battle against human life and health. Never forget the past, the teacher of
the future. When you think hard, draw inferences from one instance. Many phenomena
and problems in the work of epidemic prevention, control and treatment are worthy
of our deep reflection. We should use scientific thinking and dialectical
materialism to make a practical and realistic summary. The purpose is to win the
battle as soon as possible, and more importantly, to avoid repeating the same
mistakes and prevent trouble before it happens.
PB -
CY -
VL - 32
IS - 1
PG - 3-4
SP - 3
EP - 4
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical research progresss of antiviral drugs for the novel coronavirus
pneumonia
AU - WU, Weigang
AU - YANG, Guilin
AU - ZENG, Xiaobin
AU - WU, Shipin
AU - ZHOU, Boping
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV or SARS-CoV-2) is a highly contagious and
deadly virus that has infected more than 50 000 people and killed more than 1 000
people in 25 countries around the world. People who infected by the novel
coronavirus may suffer from fever and cough, some may gradually appear breathing
difficulties and other serious manifestations, some severe patients may have acute
respiratory distress syndrome and septic shock leading to death. However, there are
no definite and effective antiviral drugs for the novel coronavirus pneumonia all
around the world. Therefore, this article aims to provide new idea for the
effective treatment of the novel coronavirus pneumonia by summarizing the basic
research and clinical progress of antiviral drugs at home and abroad.
JO - Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology
PB -
CY -
VL - 34
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential
drugs by computational methods
AU - Wu, Canrong
AU - Liu, Yang
AU - Yang, Yueying
AU - Zhang, Peng
AU - Zhong, Wu
AU - Wang, Yali
AU - Wang, Qiqi
AU - Xu, Yang
AU - Li, Mingxue
AU - Li, Xingzhou
AU - Zheng, Mengzhu
AU - Chen, Lixia
AU - Li, Hua
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - SARS-CoV-2 has caused tens of thousands of infections and more than one
thousand deaths. There are currently no registered therapies for treating
coronavirus infections. Because of time consuming process of new drug development,
drug repositioning may be the only solution to the epidemic of sudden infectious
diseases. We systematically analyzed all the proteins encoded by SARS-CoV-2 genes,
compared them with proteins from other coronaviruses, predicted their structures,
and built 19 structures that could be done by homology modeling. By performing
target-based virtual ligand screening, a total of 21 targets (including two human
targets) were screened against compound libraries including ZINC drug database and
our own database of natural products. Structure and screening results of important
targets such as 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), Spike, RNA-dependent RNA
polymerase (RdRp), and papain like protease (PLpro) were discussed in detail. In
addition, a database of 78 commonly used anti-viral drugs including those currently
on the market and undergoing clinical trials for SARS-CoV-2 was constructed.
Possible targets of these compounds and potential drugs acting on a certain target
were predicted. This study will provide new lead compounds and targets for further
in vitro and in vivo studies of SARS-CoV-2, new insights for those drugs currently
ongoing clinical studies, and also possible new strategies for drug repositioning
to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections.
JO - Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsb.2020.02.008
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia: Serial Computed Tomography
Findings
AU - Wei, Jiangping
AU - Xu, Huaxiang
AU - Shen, Qinglin
AU - Fan, Bing
AU - Ye, Chenglong
AU - Dong, Wentao
AU - Hu, Fangfang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - From December 2019, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia (formerly
known as the 2019 novel Coronavirus [2019-nCoV]) broke out in Wuhan, China. In this
study, we present serial CT findings in a 40-year-old female patient with COVID-19
pneumonia who presented with the symptoms of fever, chest tightness, and fatigue.
She was diagnosed with COVID-19 infection confirmed by real-time reverse-
transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. CT showed rapidly progressing peripheral
consolidations and ground-glass opacities in both lungs. After treatment, the
lesions were shown to be almost absorbed leaving the fibrous lesions.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0112
SP - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0112
EP -
AN - 32100486
DO - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0112
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019‐nCoV)
in Wuhan, China
AU - Wang, Weier
AU - Tang, Jianming
AU - Wei, Fangqiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - o help health workers and the public recognize and deal with the 2019 novel
coronavirus (2019‐nCoV) quickly, effectively, and calmly with an updated
understanding. A comprehensive search from Chinese and worldwide official websites
and announcements was performed between 1 December 2019 and 9:30 am 26 January 2020
(Beijing time). A latest summary of 2019‐nCoV and the current outbreak was drawn.
Up to 24 pm, 25 January 2020, a total of 1975 cases of 2019‐nCoV infection were
confirmed in mainland China with a total of 56 deaths having occurred. The latest
mortality was approximately 2.84% with a total of 2684 cases still suspected. The
China National Health Commission reported the details of the first 17 deaths up to
24 pm, 22 January 2020. The deaths included 13 males and 4 females. The median age
of the people who died was 75 (range 48‐89) years. Fever (64.7%) and cough (52.9%)
were the most common first symptoms among those who died. The median number of days
from the occurence of the first symptom to death was 14.0 (range 6‐41) days, and it
tended to be shorter among people aged 70 years or more (11.5 [range 6‐19] days)
than those aged less than 70 years (20 [range 10‐41] days; P = .033). The 2019‐nCoV
infection is spreading and its incidence is increasing nationwide. The first deaths
occurred mostly in elderly people, among whom the disease might progress faster.
The public should still be cautious in dealing with the virus and pay more
attention to protecting the elderly people from the virus.
PB -
CY -
VL - 92
IS - 4
PG - 441-447
SP - 441
EP - 447
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25689
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis of clinical features of 153 patients with novel coronavirus
pneumonia in Chongqing
AU - WAN, Qiu
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To analyze the clinical data of 153 patients with novel coronavirus
pneumonia (COVID-19) in chongqing ,and provide reference and thinking for the
diagnosis and treatment. Methods Analyze the clinical data, laboratory examination
and chest imaging characteristics of 153 COVID-19 patients in Chongqing Public
Health Medical Center from January 26 to February 5, 2020. According to the
relevant diagnostic criteria ,patients were divided into non-severe group(n=132)
and severe group(n=21),and analyze the correlation between serum index changes and
disease severity. Results Combined with diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases,
the severity of the disease was statistically significant ( χ 2
=11.04和6.94, P <0.05). No symptoms were found in patients with mild
illness ( χ 2 =4.09, P <0.05) .The proportion of fever and muscle soreness
in the severe group was higher than that in the non-severe group ( χ 2 =4.40
and 22.67, P <0.05).Among the concomitant symptoms, the proportion of cough and
shortness of breath in the severe group was higher than that in the non-severe
group ( χ 2 =8.46 and 4.80, P <0.05).C-reactive protein and d-dimer were
higher in the severe group than in the non-severe group ( t =43.44 and 37.13, P
<0.05), and the number of CD 3 + T lymphocyte cells, CD 4 + T lymphocyte cells
and CD 8 + T lymphocyte cells in the severe group was lower than that in the non-
severe group (Z=27.25, 20.60 and 17.36, P <0.05).Compared with the non-severe
group, both lungs and the right lung lower lobe were more susceptible to involved (
χ 2 =6.95和20.39, P <0.05) . Conclusion Severity of COVID-19 was
associated with underlying disease, symptoms, site of involvement, C-reactive
protein, d-dimer, CD 3 + T lymphocyte count, CD 4 + T lymphocyte count, and CD 8 +
T lymphocyte count.
JO - Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB -
CY -
VL - 13
IS - 0
PG - E008-E008
SP - E008
EP - E008
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Two clinical cases of Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in renal transplant
recipients
AU - TU, Yafang
AU - WU, Xiongfei
AU - LIU, Feng
AU - WANG, Juan
AU - LUO, Yu
AU - CAI, Zhitao
AU - CHEN, Rengui
AU - LIAO, Wenliang
AU - LIU, Na
AU - HUANG, Jin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To explore the clinical features, diagnosis and prognosis of renal
transplant recipients with NCP. Method The clinical data of 2 cases of kidney
transplant recipients with NCP were retrospectively analyzed. Based onclinical
manifestations, blood routine, inflammatory factors, cell immunity, chest CT
andtherapeutic effects, the diagnosis and treatment of NCP in kidney transplant
recipients (5th edition) were compared to that ofordinary NCP patients. Both
recipients developed onset of low andmoderate fever, with no cough or fatigue at
the initial stage. Blood routine indicated a normal range of leukocytes,buta
significant decrease in lymphocyte counts, increased C-reactive protein (CRP) , and
slightly higher procalcitonin (PCT) . The cellular immunity was extremely low, and
the chest CT showed multiple patchy ground glass shadows in both lungs. Result
After 1 week of onset, both patients had significant disease progression. The
pathogenesis and imaging changes were highly similar tothatreported in ordinary NCP
patients.Two patients were givensymptomatic supportive treatment by antiviral
agents, stop uses ofimmunosuppression agents, small amount of hormone maintenance,
intravenous drip of gamma globulin andrespiratory support toavoid secondary
infections. At present, the condition of both patients is obviously improved, and
renal function is stable. One of them has recovered and was discharged. Conclusion
The clinical manifestations of NCP in renal transplant recipients were generally
consistent with that of ordinary NCP patients. Although there is no established
method for the treatment of NCP, it is effective by stopping uses of
immunosuppressive agents, maintaining small and medium doses of hormones, actively
restoring immunity, and providing respiratory support in a timely manner.
JO - Chinese Journal of Organ Transplantation
PB -
CY -
VL - 41
IS - 0
PG - E005-E005
SP - E005
EP - E005
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Proposal for detection of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid in clinical laboratories
AU - TONG, Yongqing
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December, the outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China,
has attracted extensive global attention. On January 20, 2020,the Chinese health
authorities upgraded the coronavirus to a Class B infectious disease in the Law of
the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious
Diseases , and considered it as Class A infectious diseases in disease control and
prevention. On January 22, 2020, the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection test was
listed as the diagnostic criteria in the 'guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of
pneumonia due to 2019-nCoV (Trial Version 2)' . Therefore, standardizing the
operation process of the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection in clinical laboratories
has become a top priority. It is of paramount importance to establish standard
protocols for detection of the 2019-nCoV nucleic acids in clinical laboratories to
improve the reliability of the results and ensure the biosafety of laboratory
personnel.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E003-E003
SP - E003
EP - E003
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Characteristics of COVID-19 infection in Beijing
AU - Tian, Sijia
AU - Hu, Nan
AU - Lou, Jing
AU - Chen, Kun
AU - Kang, Xuqin
AU - Xiang, Zhenjun
AU - Chen, Hui
AU - Wang, Dali
AU - Liu, Ning
AU - Liu, Dong
AU - Chen, Gang
AU - Zhang, Yongliang
AU - Li, Dou
AU - Li, Jianren
AU - Lian, Huixin
AU - Niu, Shengmei
AU - Zhang, Luxi
AU - Zhang, Jinjun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Background : Since the first case of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection
pneumonia was detected in Wuhan, China, a series of confirmed cases of the COVID-19
were found in Beijing. We analyzed the data of 262 confirmed cases to determine the
clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Beijing. Methods : We
collected patients who were transferred by Beijing Emergency Medical Sevice to the
designated hospitals. The information on demographic, epidemiological, clinical,
laboratory test for the COVID-19 virus, diagnostic classification, cluster case and
outcome were obtained. Furthermore we compared the characteristics between severe
and common confirmed cases which including mild cases, no-pneumonia cases and
asymptomatic cases, and we also compared the features between COVID-19 and 2003
SARS. Findings : By Feb 10, 2020, 262 patients were transferred from the hospitals
across Beijing to the designated hospitals for special treatment of the COVID-19
infected by Beijing emergency medical service. Among of 262 patients, 46 (17.6%)
were severe cases, 216 (82.4%) were common cases, which including 192 (73.3%) mild
cases, 11(4.2%) non-pneumonia cases and 13 (5.0%) asymptomatic cases respectively.
The median age of patients was 47.5 years old and 48.5% were male. 192 (73.3%)
patients were residents of Beijing, 50 (26.0%) of which had been to Wuhan, 116
(60.4%) had close contact with confirmed cases, 21 (10.9%) had no contact history.
The most common symptoms at the onset of illness were fever (82.1%), cough (45.8%),
fatigue (26.3%), dyspnea (6.9%) and headache (6.5%). The median incubation period
was 6.7 days, the interval time from between illness onset and seeing a doctor was
4.5 days. As of Feb 10, 17.2% patients have discharged and 81.7% patients remain in
hospital in our study, the fatality of COVID-19 infection in Beijing was 0.9%.
Interpretation : On the basis of this study, we provided the ratio of the COVID-19
infection on the severe cases to the mild, asymptomatic and non-pneumonia cases in
Beijing. Population was generally susceptible, and with a relatively low fatality
rate. The measures to prevent transmission was very successful at early stage, the
next steps on the COVID-19 infection should be focused on early isolation of
patients and quarantine for close contacts in families and communities in Beijing.
Funding Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission and Ministry of Science
and Technology.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - How to conduct clinical research on anesthesiology during epidemic of the
novel coronavirus pneumonia: recommendations from the epidemiological perspective
AU - PENG, Xiaoxia
AU - LI, Nan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - During the outbreak and epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia,
anesthesiologists are not only the high-risk group of secondary infection, but also
undertake tasks to initiate clinical research so that the regular pattern of
disease could be summarized, which will product clinical evidences for clinical
decision-making and optimization of anesthesia therapy as soon as possible. The
clinical research evidences of anaesthesia are of great importance for improving
the prevention and control strategy of infectious diseases and implementing
relevant measures effectively. The recommendations from the epidemiological
perspective are provided on how to conduct clinical research on anesthesiology
during epidemic of the novel coronavirus pneumonia in the present paper: (1) The
case report and case series research should be initiated promptly once the
infectious cases treated in anesthesia department are diagnosed; (2) To focus on
need of evidence of decision-making of diagnosis and treatment, to summarize
general rules timely and to promote the rapidly production of evidence; (3) To
establish a special cohort of novel coronavirus pneumonia so that more prognosis
studies could be carried out; (4) To explore the risk factors which result in
hospital infection among medical staffs so that hospital infection could be
controlled. The purpose of this study is to provide clinicians with methodological
suggestions on how to carry out high-quality clinical research in the epidemic
period of infectious diseases, and to close the gap between clinical and public
health.
JO - Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology
PB -
CY -
VL - 40
IS - 0
PG - E004-E004
SP - E004
EP - E004
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel
Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review
AU - Pang, Junxiong
AU - Wang, Min Xian
AU - Ang, Ian Yi Han
AU - Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan
AU - Lewis, Ruth Frances
AU - Chen, Jacinta I. Pei
AU - Gutierrez, Ramona A.
AU - Gwee, Sylvia Xiao Wei
AU - Chua, Pearleen Ee Yong
AU - Yang, Qian
AU - Ng, Xian Yi
AU - Yap, Rowena K. S.
AU - Tan, Hao Yi
AU - Teo, Yik Ying
AU - Tan, Chorh Chuan
AU - Cook, Alex R.
AU - Yap, Jason Chin-Huat
AU - Hsu, Li Yang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Rapid diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics are important interventions for
the management of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak. It is timely to
systematically review the potential of these interventions, including those for
Middle East respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and severe acute
respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV, to guide policymakers globally on their
prioritization of resources for research and development. A systematic search was
carried out in three major electronic databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane
Library) to identify published studies in accordance with the Preferred Reporting
Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Supplementary
strategies through Google Search and personal communications were used. A total of
27 studies fulfilled the criteria for review. Several laboratory protocols for
confirmation of suspected 2019-nCoV cases using real-time reverse transcription
polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) have been published. A commercial RT-PCR kit
developed by the Beijing Genomic Institute is currently widely used in China and
likely in Asia. However, serological assays as well as point-of-care testing kits
have not been developed but are likely in the near future. Several vaccine
candidates are in the pipeline. The likely earliest Phase 1 vaccine trial is a
synthetic DNA-based candidate. A number of novel compounds as well as therapeutics
licensed for other conditions appear to have in vitro efficacy against the 2019-
nCoV. Some are being tested in clinical trials against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, while
others have been listed for clinical trials against 2019-nCoV. However, there are
currently no effective specific antivirals or drug combinations supported by high-
level evidence.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 3
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jcm9030623
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Comparison of broad-spectrum antiviral activities of the synthetic rocaglate
CR-31-B (−) and the eIF4A-inhibitor Silvestrol
AU - Müller, Christin
AU - Obermann, Wiebke
AU - Schulte, Falk W.
AU - Lange-Grünweller, Kerstin
AU - Oestereich, Lisa
AU - Elgner, Fabian
AU - Glitscher, Mirco
AU - Hildt, Eberhard
AU - Singh, Kamini
AU - Wendel, Hans-Guido
AU - Hartmann, Roland K.
AU - Ziebuhr, John
AU - Grünweller, Arnold
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Rocaglates, a class of natural compounds isolated from plants of the genus
Aglaia, are potent inhibitors of translation initiation. They are proposed to form
stacking interactions with polypurine sequences in the 5′-untranslated region (UTR)
of selected mRNAs, thereby clamping the RNA substrate onto eIF4A and causing
inhibition of the translation initiation complex. Since virus replication relies on
the host translation machinery, it is not surprising that the rocaglate Silvestrol
has broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Unfortunately, synthesis of Silvestrol is
sophisticated and time-consuming, thus hampering the prospects for further
antiviral drug development. Here, we present the less complex structured synthetic
rocaglate CR-31-B (−) as a novel compound with potent broad-spectrum antiviral
activity in primary cells and in an ex vivo bronchial epithelial cell system. CR-
31-B (−) inhibited the replication of corona-, Zika-, Lassa-, Crimean Congo
hemorrhagic fever viruses and, to a lesser extent, hepatitis E virus (HEV) at non-
cytotoxic low nanomolar concentrations. Since HEV has a polypurine-free 5′-UTR that
folds into a stable hairpin structure, we hypothesized that RNA clamping by
Silvestrol and its derivatives may also occur in a polypurine-independent but
structure-dependent manner. Interestingly, the HEV 5′-UTR conferred sensitivity
towards Silvestrol but not to CR-31-B (−). However, if an exposed polypurine
stretch was introduced into the HEV 5′-UTR, CR-31-B (−) became an active inhibitor
comparable to Silvestrol. Moreover, thermodynamic destabilization of the HEV 5′-UTR
led to reduced translational inhibition by Silvestrol, suggesting differences
between rocaglates in their mode of action, most probably by engaging Silvestrol's
additional dioxane moiety.
PB -
CY -
VL - 175
IS -
PG - 104706
SP - 104706
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Escaping Pandora's Box - Another Novel Coronavirus
AU - Morens, David M.
AU - Daszak, Peter
AU - Taubenberger, Jeffery K.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - N Engl J Med
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1056/NEJMp2002106
SP - 10.1056/NEJMp2002106
EP -
AN - 32101660
DO - 10.1056/NEJMp2002106
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Trypsin Treatment Unlocks Barrier for Zoonotic Bat Coronavirus Infection
AU - Dinnon, Kenneth H.
AU - Yount, Boyd L.
AU - McAnarney, Eileen T.
AU - Hale, Andrew
AU - Scobey, Trevor
AU - Anthony, Simon J.
AU - Wang, Lingshu
AU - Graham, Barney
AU - Randell, Scott H.
AU - Lipkin, W. Ian
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Traditionally, the emergence of coronaviruses (CoVs) has been attributed to a
gain in receptor binding in a new host. Our previous work with severe acute
respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like viruses argued that bats already harbor CoVs with
the ability to infect humans without adaptation. These results suggested that
additional barriers limit the emergence of zoonotic CoV. In this work, we describe
overcoming host restriction of two Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-like bat
CoVs using exogenous protease treatment. We found that the spike protein of
PDF2180-CoV, a MERS-like virus found in a Ugandan bat, could mediate infection of
Vero and human cells in the presence of exogenous trypsin. We subsequently show
that the bat virus spike can mediate the infection of human gut cells but is unable
to infect human lung cells. Using receptor-blocking antibodies, we show that
infection with the PDF2180 spike does not require MERS-CoV receptor DPP4 and
antibodies developed against the MERS spike receptor-binding domain and S2 portion
are ineffective in neutralizing the PDF2180 chimera. Finally, we found that the
addition of exogenous trypsin also rescues HKU5-CoV, a second bat group 2c CoV.
Together, these results indicate that proteolytic cleavage of the spike, not
receptor binding, is the primary infection barrier for these two group 2c CoVs.
Coupled with receptor binding, proteolytic activation offers a new parameter to
evaluate the emergence potential of bat CoVs and offers a means to recover
previously unrecoverable zoonotic CoV strains.IMPORTANCE Overall, our studies
demonstrate that proteolytic cleavage is the primary barrier to infection for a
subset of zoonotic coronaviruses. Moving forward, the results argue that both
receptor binding and proteolytic cleavage of the spike are critical factors that
must be considered for evaluating the emergence potential and risk posed by
zoonotic coronaviruses. In addition, the findings also offer a novel means to
recover previously uncultivable zoonotic coronavirus strains and argue that other
tissues, including the digestive tract, could be a site for future coronavirus
emergence events in humans.
PB -
CY -
VL - 94
IS - 5
PG - e01774-19
SP - e01774
EP - 19
AN -
DO - 10.1128/JVI.01774-19
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - High resolution CT features of novel coronavirus pneumonia in children
AU - MA, Huijing
AU - SHAO, Jianbo
AU - WANG, Yongjiao
AU - ZHAI, Aiguo
AU - ZHENG, Nannan
AU - LI, Quan
AU - LIU, Yan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To investigate the high resolution CT (HRCT) features of novel
coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in children . Methods A retrospective analysis was
performed on the chest HRCT findings of 22 children diagnosed with 2019-nCov
pneumonia by clinical and nucleic acid testing in Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji
Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 25,
2020 to February 5, 2020. There were 12 boys and 10 girls, aged from 2 months to 14
years old, with a median age of 4 years, and 14 patients were under 5 years old.
The characteristics of lung lesions on HRCT imaging such as distribution, shape,
density, etc. and whether there were hilar and mediastinal lymph node enlargement
and pleural changes were observed by 2 radiologists. Results In all of the 22
patients, 3 patients (3/22) had normal chest CT, and 19 patients (19/22) had
infiltrated lesions in lung. Among them, 7 patients had unilateral lung
involvement, 12 patients had bilateral involvement. The HRCT manifestations were as
follows. Six patients showed ground glass shadow, including 4 cases showed light
ground glass shadow and 2 had typical crazy paving sign. Four patients showed lung
consolidation, with localized strip shadow and patchy high-density shadow. Six
patients showed patchy lesions with surrounding ground glass shadow, including 1
case with white lung in the right. The bronchopneumonia-like changes in 3 cases,
showed scattered spot-like or patchy uneven high-density shadows. The lesions in
the lower lobe were more serious than those in the upper lobe, and the lesions in
the lateroposterior zone of the lung were more common than those in the apical and
central area of the lung. No enlarged lymph nodes and pleural effusion were seen in
all patients, and 1 case had thickened interlobar pleura. Conclusions The HRCT
manifestations of NCP in children are diversified, comprehensive judgments need to
be made in combination with epidemiological data, clinical manifestations, and
laboratory tests, but the chest HRCT can be used as an important basis for early
clinical diagnosis and prevention and control interventions.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Surgical treatment strategy for digestive system malignancies during the
outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - MA, Fuhai
AU - HU, Haitao
AU - TIAN, Yantao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia occurred in Wuhan, Hubei province
of China, at the end of 2019, and spread rapidly across the country. After the
outbreak of this disease, the overwhelming majority of cities have launched the
'first level response' and the regular diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients
are greatly affected. The digestive systemic cancer is the most common malignancy.
Most patients are diagnosed in the advanced stage with poor prognosis. The epidemic
of novel coronavirus pneumonia poses new challenges to diagnosis and treatment of
the patients with digestive system malignancies. Based on the fully understanding
of the characteristics of digestive system tumors, we should change the treatment
strategy and adopt more reasonable treatment strategy timely during the epidemic
period to minimize the adverse effects of the epidemic of novel coronavirus
pneumonia on the treatment.
JO - Chinese Journal of Oncology
PB -
CY -
VL - 42
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical features and high resolutionCT imaging findings of preliminary
diagnosis novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - LU, Xuefang
AU - GONG, Wei
AU - WANG, Li
AU - LI, Liang
AU - XIE, Baojun
AU - PENG, Zhoufeng
AU - ZHA, Yunfei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of 141 patients with
novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) and the imaging characteristics of High
Resolution CT(HRCT) in the chest. Methods From January 20, 2020 to 28, 141 NCP
patients, 77 males and 64 females, with a median age of 49 (9,87), were
retrospectively analyzed. The clinical features, laboratory examination indexes and
HRCT findings of 141 NCP patients were analyzed. Results In 141 NCP patients, 38
(26.95%) had a decrease in leukocyte count and 71 (50.35%) had a decrease in
lymphocyte ratio. Among 141 NCP patients, 139 (98.58%) had fever (over 37.5 °
C), 106 (75.18%) coughed, 11 (7.80%) had headache, 41 (29.08%) coughed up sputum,
93 (65.96%) had chest distress, and 4 (2.84%) had diarrhea. HRCT of 141 NCP
patients were abnormal, 52 (36.88%) showed ground glass shadow (GGO) and patchy
shadow, mainly subpleural distribution; 23 (16.31%) showed GGO with focal
consolidation; 27 (19.15%) had small patchy blur; 20 (14.18%) had large patchy
consolidation; 48 (34.04%) had bronchovascular bundle thickening and vascular
perforator sign; 5 (3.55%) had Air bronchus sign; small nodule shadow in 7 cases
(4.96%); fibrosis, grid shadow or strip shadow in 5 cases (3.55%); bilateral
pleural effusion in 7 cases (4.96%); mediastinal or bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
in 4 cases (2.84%). Conclusions The clinical features and HRCT images of NCP are
various. Under the specific epidemiological background of NCP, HRCT scan of chest
should be carried out in time to make early warning of disease.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E006-E006
SP - E006
EP - E006
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2
receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2
AU - Liu, Zhixin
AU - Xiao, Xiao
AU - Wei, Xiuli
AU - Li, Jian
AU - Yang, Jing
AU - Tan, Huabing
AU - Zhu, Jianyong
AU - Zhang, Qiwei
AU - Wu, Jianguo
AU - Liu, Long
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - From the beginning of 2002 and 2012, severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus
(SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) crossed the
species barriers to infect humans caused thousands of infections and hundreds of
deaths, respectively. Currently, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causes the
outbreaks of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was discovered. Until February 18,
2020, there are 72533 confirmed COVID-19 cases (including 10644 severe cases) and
1872 deaths in China. SARS-CoV-2 is surging in the public and caused substantial
burdens due to its human-to-human transmission. However, the intermediate host of
SARS-CoV-2 is still unclear. Finding the possible intermediate host of SARS-CoV-2
is imperative to prevent further spread of the epidemic. In this study, we used
systematic comparison and analysis to predict the interaction between the receptor
binding domain (RBD) of coronavirus spike protein and the host receptor,
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2). The interaction between the key amino acids
of S protein RBD and ACE2 indicated that like previous suggested pangolins and
snacks, the turtles (C. picta bellii, C. mydas, and P. sinensis) may act as the
potential intermediate hosts transmitting SARS-CoV-2 to human. This article is
JO - J Med Virol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1002/jmv.25726
SP - 10.1002/jmv.25726
EP -
AN - 32100877
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25726
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Expert consensus on emergency surgery management for traumatic orthopedics
under prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - LIU, Jing
AU - LI, Hui
AU - ZHOU, Wu
AU - LIU, Guohui
AU - ZHANG, Yingze
AU - JIANG, Baoguo
AU - TANG, Peifu
AU - LIU, Guodong
AU - WU, Xinbao
AU - YUAN, Zhi
AU - ZHOU, Fang
AU - WANG, Tianbing
AU - FU, Zhongguo
AU - HOU, Zhiyong
AU - SU, Jiacan
AU - YU, Bin
AU - SHAO, Zengwu
AU - XIA, Tian
AU - XIONG, Liming
AU - FANG, Yue
AU - WANG, Guanglin
AU - LIN, Peng
AU - CHEN, Yanxi
AU - NI, Jiangdong
AU - YANG, Lei
AU - WANG, Dongliang
AU - HE, Chengjian
AU - LIU, Ximing
AU - CHE, Biao
AU - LI, Yaming
AU - WANG, Junwen
AU - CHEN, Ming
AU - ZHAO, Meng
AU - CAO, Faqi
AU - SUN, Yun
AU - MI, Bobin
AU - LIU, Mengfei
AU - XIONG, Yuan
AU - XUE, Hang
AU - HU, Liangcong
AU - HU, Yiqiang
AU - CHEN, Lang
AU - YAN, Chenchen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since December 2019, novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has been reported in
Wuhan, Hubei Province, and spreads rapidly to all through Hubei Province and even
to the whole country. The virus is 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), never been
seen previously in human, but all the population is generally susceptible. The
virus spreads through many ways and is highly infectious, which brings great
difficulties to the prevention and control of NCP. Based on the needs of orthopedic
trauma patients for emergency surgery and review of the latest NCP diagnosis and
treatment strategy and the latest principles and principles of evidence-based
medicine in traumatic orthopedics, the authors put forward this expert consensus to
systematically standardize the clinical pathway and protective measures of
emergency surgery for orthopedic trauma patients during prevention and control of
NCP and provide reference for the emergency surgical treatment of orthopedic trauma
patients in hospitals at all levels.
JO - Chinese Journal of Trauma
PB -
CY -
VL - 36
IS - 2
PG - 111-116
SP - 111
EP - 116
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis of early chest high resolution CT images of novel coronavirus
pneumonia
AU - LIU, Haifeng
AU - ZHANG, Dongyou
AU - YANG, Yi
AU - LONG, Bin
AU - YIN, Long
AU - ZHAO, Ming
AU - PENG, Yong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To investigate the first chest HRCT imaging manifestations infected
with novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). Method A retrospective analysis of the
first chest HRCT images of 106 patients with NCP clinically diagnosed in our
hospital from January 3 to 25, 2020. Lesion distribution, morphology and
surrounding involvement were analyzed. Result Lesions were found in the first lung
HRCT of 106 patients, with unilateral lung distribution in 11 cases (10.4%),
bilateral lung distribution in 95 cases (89.6%), and peripheral distribution of
lung in 65 cases (61.3%). 41 cases (38.7%) were distributed at the same time; 8
cases (7.5%) were 1 lesion, 5 cases (4.7%) were 2 lesions, 93 cases (87.8%) were
multiple lesions, and 12 cases were nodular lesions (11.3%). 94 cases of ground-
glass lesions (88.7%), 7 cases of cord-like lesions (6.6%), 15 cases (14.2%) of
coexisting lesions of two or more forms; 10 cases (9.4%) involving one lung lobe
There were 96 cases (90.6%) involving two or more lung lobes; 24 cases (22.6%) with
enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes (19 cases over 60 years old, accounting for
79.2%); 3 cases with pleural effusion (2.8 %), 1 case had pericardial effusion
(0.9%), and 2 cases had pleural involvement / thickening (1.9%). Patients over 60
years of age mostly present with multiple lesions, multiple morphology, peripheral
and central distribution of lungs, involving multiple lung lobes, and enlarged
mediastinal lymph nodes. Conclusions Lung lesions of NCP patients can be detected
for the first time by chest HRCT, which is the preferred imaging method. Thoracic
HRCT scans play an important role in the early diagnosis of new coronavirus
(NCP). .
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E007-E007
SP - E007
EP - E007
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Expert consensus on elderly patients with hip fracture under epidemic of
novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - LIU, Guohui
AU - LIU, Ximing
AU - TONG, Xiaoling
AU - WANG, Dongliang
AU - CHEN, Yanxi
AU - CAO, Liehu
AU - LIU, Guodong
AU - LIU, Jing
AU - HU, Yan
AU - HUANG, Biaotong
AU - SHI, Zhongmin
AU - ZHANG, Dianying
AU - HOU, Zhiyong
AU - LIU, Hongjian
AU - TONG, Peijian
AU - SONG, Shaojun
AU - YANG, Lei
AU - WANG, Yong
AU - ZHANG, Lei
AU - LUO, Tao
AU - WANG, Meitang
AU - ZHANG, Peng
AU - ZHANG, Yong
AU - LIN, Haodong
AU - YU, Baoqing
AU - MI, Bobin
AU - ZHANG, Yingze
AU - SU, Jiacan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - With the spread of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in December 2019, the
management and rehabilitation of elderly patients with hip fractures and protection
of medical staff face new challenges, and need to be adjusted appropriately under
this very circumstances. Hip fractures in the elderly account for more than half of
osteoporotic fractures. Expert group formulate this consensus so as to make better
decision against this epidemic and protect patients' families and medical staff.
This consensus elaborates not only epidemic condition of NCP, but also general
principles of medical admission, treatment and protection for both medical staff
and patients, in order to provide some reference and promote the standardization of
clinical diagnosis and treatment of elderly patients with hip fractures under the
condition of NCP.
PB -
CY -
VL - 36
IS - 2
PG - 104-110
SP - 104
EP - 110
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Health management of breast cancer patients outside the hospital during the
outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease
AU - Liu, B. L.
AU - Ma, F.
AU - Wang, J. N.
AU - Fan, Y.
AU - Mo, H. N.
AU - Xu, B. H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is spreading
rapidly. In order to prevent cluster outbreaks, the government strengthened the
management and control of personnel mobility, which had a great impact on the
examination and treatment of breast cancer patients. This paper discusses how to
realize scientific health management of breast cancer patients outside the hospital
based on the existing epidemic situation, characteristics of breast cancer patients
and public health safety factors. The breast cancer patients should synthetically
consider the epidemic prevention situation of inhabitance, the disease stage and
previous therapeutic schedule to decide the next therapeutic schedule. If
necessary, after professional discussion and communication between doctors and
patients online or offline, the hospital visiting time should be delayed through
seeking alternative treatment schemes, and psychological counseling for patients
should be paid attention to at the same time.
PB -
CY -
VL - 42
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN - 32100979
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200221-00110
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Persistence and clearance of viral RNA in 2019 novel coronavirus disease
rehabilitation patients
AU - LING, Yun
AU - XU, Shui Bao
AU - LIN, Yi Xiao
AU - TIAN, Di
AU - ZHU, Zhao Qin
AU - DAI, Fa Hui
AU - WU, Fan
AU - SONG, Zhi gang
AU - HUANG, Wei
AU - CHEN, Jun
AU - HU, Bi Jie
AU - WANG, Sheng
AU - MAO, En Qiang
AU - ZHU, Lei
AU - ZHANG, Wen Hong
AU - LU, Hong Zhou
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Background: A patient’s infectivity is determined by the presence of
the virus in different body fluids, secretions, and excreta. The persistence and
clearance of viral RNA from different specimens of patients with 2019 novel
coronavirus disease (COVID-19) remain unclear. This study analyzed the clearance
time and factors influencing 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) RNA in different
samples from patients with COVID-19, providing further evidence to improve the
management of patients during convalescence. Methods: The clinical data and
laboratory test results of convalescent patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to
from January 20, 2020 to February 10, 2020 were collected retrospectively. The
reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results for
patients’ oropharyngeal swab, stool, urine, and serum samples were collected
and analyzed. Convalescent patients refer to recovered non-febrile patients without
respiratory symptoms who had two successive (minimum 24 h sampling interval)
negative RT-PCR results for viral RNA from oropharyngeal swabs. The effects of
cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4)+ T lymphocytes, inflammatory indicators, and
glucocorticoid treatment on viral nucleic acid clearance were analyzed. Results: In
the 292 confirmed cases, 66 patients recovered after treatment and were included in
our study. In total, 28 (42.4%) women and 38 men (57.6%) with a median age of 44.0
(34.0–62.0) years were analyzed. After in-hospital treatment, patients’
inflammatory indicators decreased with improved clinical condition. The median time
from the onset of symptoms to first negative RT-PCR results for oropharyngeal swabs
in convalescent patients was 9.5 (6.0–11.0) days. By February 10, 2020, 11
convalescent patients (16.7%) still tested positive for viral RNA from stool
specimens and the other 55 patients’ stool specimens were negative for 2019-
nCoV following a median duration of 11.0 (9.0–16.0) days after symptom onset.
Among these 55 patients, 43 had a longer duration until stool specimens were
negative for viral RNA than for throat swabs, with a median delay of 2.0
(1.0–4.0) days. Results for only four (6.9%) urine samples were positive for
viral nucleic acid out of 58 cases; viral RNA was still present in three
patients’ urine specimens after throat swabs were negative. Using a multiple
linear regression model ( F =2.669, P =0.044, and adjusted R 2 =0.122), the
analysis showed that the CD4+ T lymphocyte count may help predict the duration of
viral RNA detection in patients’ stools ( t =-2.699, P =0.010). The duration
of viral RNA detection from oropharyngeal swabs and fecal samples in the
glucocorticoid treatment group was longer than that in the non-glucocorticoid
treatment group (15 days vs 8.0 days, respectively; t =2.550, P =0.013) and the
duration of viral RNA detection in fecal samples in the glucocorticoid treatment
group was longer than that in the non-glucocorticoid treatment group (20 days vs 11
days, respectively; t =4.631, P <0.001). There was no statistically significant
difference in inflammatory indicators between patients with positive fecal viral
RNA test results and those with negative results ( P >0.05). Conclusions: In
brief, as the clearance of viral RNA in patients’ stools was delayed compared
to that in oropharyngeal swabs, it is important to identify viral RNA in feces
during convalescence. Because of the delayed clearance of viral RNA in the
glucocorticoid treatment group, glucocorticoids are not recommended in the
treatment of COVID-19, especially for mild disease. The duration of RNA detection
may relate to host cell immunity.
JO - Chinese Medical Journal
PB -
CY -
VL - 133
IS - 0
PG - E007-E007
SP - E007
EP - E007
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Caring for persons in detention suffering with mental illness during the
Covid-19 outbreak
AU - Liebrenz, M.
AU - Bhugra, D.
AU - Buadze, A.
AU - Schleifer, R.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Forensic Science International: Mind and Law
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 100013
SP - 100013
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiml.2020.100013
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia based on the theory of 'three
syndromes and three methods'
AU - LI, Zhijun
AU - LI, Yinping
AU - WANG, Bochao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The latest diagnosis and treatment plan (4th edition) of 2019 novel
coronavirus pneumonia has been issued. The diagnosis and treatment plan highlights
the concept of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and Xuebijing
injection was referred for three times. Xuebijing injection was successfully
developed based on the theory of 'three syndromes and three methods'. The theory of
'three syndromes and three methods' is a theoretical system of integrated
traditional Chinese and Western medicine on critical diseases proposed by Professor
Wang Jinda and his team in the 1970s, and it is one of the main contents of Wang
Jinda's academic thought. The theory of 'three syndromes and three methods' has a
deep foundation of traditional Chinese medicine theory, and it is still being
continuously enriched and improved. It is also supported by multiple evidence-based
data. Therefore, 'three syndromes and three methods' has rich theoretical
connotation and tenacious vitality.
PB -
CY -
VL - 32
IS - 1
PG - 5-7
SP - 5
EP - 7
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Chemotherapy strategy for colorectal cancer under the outbreak of novel
AU - Li, Y. H.
AU - Shen, L.
AU - Li, J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) makes the medical treatment
of colorectal cancers difficult. Cancer patients are more susceptible to infection
and tumor history is defined as an important factor of poor prognosis, which
challenges both doctors and patients. For metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC)
patients, maintenance therapy is the optimal choice. The patients with tumor
progression or poor biological behaviorshould receive or or continue combination
chemotherapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy should reduce the intensity of treatment and
shorten the therapy time. Fever patients during chemotherapy need to receive
differential diagnosis and screening according to national standards. Patients with
stable diseases and good general conditions may delay imaging examination..
Clinicians should make individual clinical decisions based on the specifics of each
patient durding epidemic situation.
PB -
CY -
VL - 23
IS - 0
PG - E004-E004
SP - E004
EP - E004
AN - 32100980
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200226-00093
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical features of 2019 novel coronavirus infection patients and a feasible
screening procedure
AU - LI, Yan
AU - XU, Shengyong
AU - DU, Tiekuan
AU - XU, Jun
AU - LI, Yi
AU - YU, Xuezhong
AU - ZHU, Huadong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To study the clinical characteristics of 2019 coronavirus (2019-
nCoV) pneumonia patients and make a feasible screening process in fever clinic.
Methods Epidemiologic features, clinical presentation, laboratory findings and
image features of the screened patients were retrospectively collected and
analyzed. Results Totally, 46 patients were screened, 9 of them were laboratory-
confirmed 2019-nCoV infection, and others were defined as laboratory-excluded
patients. Laboratory-confirmed patients had higher frequency of travelling or
residence in Wuhan within two weeks of onset (P<0.05), but there were no
differences on age, sex, other epidemiologic features and comorbidities between the
two groups (P>0.05). The most common feature of the laboratory-confirmed
patients was fever (100%), but the symptoms showed no differences between the two
groups (P>0.05). Laboratory-confirmed patients had lower white blood cell count
than the laboratory-excluded patients (P<0.05), and all of them had pneumonia in
chest CT scan. None of the patients with normal chest CT had positive 2019-nCoV
nucleic acid test. Conclusions No specific symptom was helpful in the diagnosis of
2019-nCoV infection. However, patients without chest CT scan changes had a very low
risk of 2019-nCoV infection despite of the epidemiologic history and fever. We
recommended a screening procedure that might be helpful to reduce the rate of miss
diagnosis and improve screening efficiency.
PB -
CY -
VL - 29
IS - 0
PG - E007-E007
SP - E007
EP - E007
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Consensus on emergency surgery and infection prevention and control for
severe trauma patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - LI, Yang
AU - LI, Zhanfei
AU - MAO, Qingxiang
AU - LIU, Ding
AU - ZHANG, Letian
AU - YANG, Fan
AU - XIE, Yu
AU - ZHOU, Siru
AU - ZHANG, Huayu
AU - AI, Shanmu
AU - TANG, Hao
AU - ZHONG, Qiu
AU - GUO, Qingshan
AU - WANG, Yaoli
AU - ZHANG, Weiguo
AU - CHEN, Liyong
AU - BAI, Xiangjun
AU - ZHANG, Lianyang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) epidemic has occurred in Wuhan, Hubei
Province since December 2019, caused by a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) never been
seen previously in human. China has imposed the strictest quarantine and closed
management measures in history to control the spreading of the disease. However,
severe trauma can still occur in the NCP patients. In order to standardize the
emergency treatment and the infection prevention and control of severe trauma
patients with hidden infection, suspected or confirmed infection of 2019-nCoV,
Trauma Surgery Branch of Chinese Medical Doctors' Association organized this expert
consensus. The consensus illustrated the classification of the NCP patients, severe
trauma patients in need of emergency surgery, emergency surgery type, hierarchical
protection for medical personnel and treatment places. Meanwhile, the consensus
standardized the screening, injury severity evaluation, emergency surgical
treatment strategy and postoperative management strategy of severe trauma patients
during the epidemic period of NCP, providing a basis for the clinical treatment of
such kind of patients.
PB -
CY -
VL - 36
IS - 2
PG - 1-7
SP - 1
EP - 7
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Report of the first cases of mother and infant infections with 2019 novel
coronavirus in Xinyang City Henan Province
AU - LI, Mengdie
AU - XU, Ming
AU - ZHAN, Weiqiang
AU - HAN, Tao
AU - ZHANG, Guosheng
AU - LU, Yibin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To report the first case of a neonatal pneumonia with 2019-nCoV
infection, and the experience of successfully diagnosis and treatment in late
pregnancy woman with novel coronavirus pneumonia (critical type) in Xinyang city.
Methods The successfully diagnosis and treatment of a woman with 38 weeks singleton
pregnancy complicated with novel coronavirus pneumonia (critical type), and a case
of neonatal pneumonia with 2019-nCoV infection were retrospectively analyzed.
Results A single male was successfully delivered at 38-week gestation of his mother
by cesarean section under third level protection in operation room. The delivery
woman was diagnosed with 2019-nCoV infection at day 2 of delivery. Dyspnea and
severe hypoxemia soon developed, and invasive mechanical ventilation was given.
After active rescue and treatment, the delivery woman had been taken off line
successfully and the condition was stable. Pharyngeal swab specimen of the neonate
was sent for examination 3 days after birth, and was positive for novel coronavirus
nucleic acid by fluorescence reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction.
Conclusion 2019-nCoV may be transmitted vertically from mother to child.
PB -
CY -
VL - 38
IS - 0
PG - E007-E007
SP - E007
EP - E007
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis of false-negative results for 2019 novel coronavirus nucleic acid
test and related countermeasures
AU - LI, Jin
AU - YE, Guangming
AU - CHEN, Liangjun
AU - WANG, Jiajun
AU - LI, Yirong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause were
linked to a seafood wholesale market in Wuhan, China. Some studies found that the
virus was a new kind of virus which had never been found in the human body. Then,
the virus was named 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by the World Health
Organization (WHO). 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection is one of the essential
indicators of NCP (Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia). Recently, some false-negative
cases in China-Japan Friendship Hospital and Hangzhou Hospital led the clinical
doctors to question the value of the nucleic acid detection. In this paper, more
than 3 000 results of 2019-nCoV detection in Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University
were analyzed. Attention should be paid to the root cause of false-negative results
and the related countermeasures should be taken.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E006-E006
SP - E006
EP - E006
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - ‘A completely new culture of doing research.’ Coronavirus outbreak changes
how scientists communicate | Science | AAAS
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On 22 January, Dave O’Connor and Tom Friedrich invited several dozen
colleagues around the United States to join a new workspace on the instant
messaging platform Slack. The scientists, both at the Wisconsin National Primate
Research Center, had seen news about a new disease emerging in China and realized
researchers would need a primate model if they were going to answer some important
questions about its biology. “We put out a call to a bunch of investigators and
basically said: ‘Hey, let’s talk,’” O’Connor says. The idea is to coordinate
research and make sure results are comparable, Friedrich adds. (They named the
Slack workspace the Wu-han Clan, a play on the hip-hop group Wu-Tang Clan.) The Wu-
han Clan is just one example of how the COVID-19 outbreak is transforming how
scientists communicate about fast-moving health crises. A torrent of data is being
released daily by preprint servers that didn’t even exist a decade ago, then
dissected on platforms such as Slack and Twitter, and in the media, before formal
peer review begins. Journal staffers are working overtime to get manuscripts
reviewed, edited, and published at record speeds. The venerable New England Journal
of Medicine (NEJM) posted one COVID-19 paper within 48 hours of submission. Viral
genomes posted on a platform named GISAID, more than 200 so far, are analyzed
instantaneously by a phalanx of evolutionary biologists who share their
phylogenetic trees in preprints and on social media.
JO - Science Magazine
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/completely-new-culture-doing-
research-coronavirus-outbreak-changes-how-scientists
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Experience of treating severe cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in
Changde area
AU - JIN, Xin
AU - FANG, Yimin
AU - HUANG, Shaohua
AU - LUO, Lin
AU - QIN, Yunjian
AU - ZHOU, Rui
AU - PENG, Yue
AU - YANG, Mingshi
AU - AI, Yuhang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since the cluster of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia, a
large number of patients gathered, the mortality of critical patients has remained
high and the treatment was unclear. In this outbreak, Hunan Changde region
immediately set up a hospital and intensive care unit. The patients relieved
through respiratory support, hemodynamics management, nutritional support, the
application of antiviral drugs, analgesic and sedation. The treatment experience in
severe cases of 2019-nCov pneumonia patients were summarized as follows: in terms
of respiratory support, we needed to pay attention to the advantages of high-flow
nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) and the intervention of mechanical ventilation,
pay attention to the ventilator parameters, and adopt prone position timely. In the
aspects of fluid resuscitation and volume management, we should pay attention to
the characteristics of severe patients' volume status, perform early evaluation,
and clinicians should focused on hemodynamic management beside the bed. In the
aspect of nutritional support and evaluation and maintenance of intestinal
function, early enteral nutrition should be adopted in time. However, the trade-off
between the risk of intestinal function and nutritional support in patients with
mechanical ventilation and the antiviral benefits of Kaletra needed to be
reevaluated, the optimized way of analgesia and sedation was adopted, at the same
time, the usage and side effects of antiviral drugs should be paid attention to. We
should grasp the opportunity of transportation for severe patients. It is suggested
that some warning scores should be used to facilitate early recognition of patients
with severe infection and then they should be earlier transferred to the designated
hospital for intensive care.
PB -
CY -
VL - 32
IS - 1
PG - 10-12
SP - 10
EP - 12
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus infection
in children: Thoughts on the diagnostic criteria of suspected cases outside Hubei
Province
AU - JIANG, Jianyu
AU - DUAN, Ling
AU - XIONG, Daoxue
AU - FENG, Yan
AU - LIU, Xiangjun
AU - YU, Jie
AU - PENG, Zhe
AU - LANG, Chunhui
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To improve the diagnostic criteria of suspected cases through
investigating the epidemiological and clinical manifestations of confirmed cases of
new-type coronavirus infection in children. Methods We retrospective analyzed the
epidemiological and clinical manifestations of 6 children with new coronavirus
infection diagnosed in Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital from February 3,
2020 to February 15, 2020 . Compared with the diagnostic criteria of suspected
cases,we summarized the problems encountered in the application of this standard in
clinical work and try to put forward Suggestions for improvement. Results Among the
6 children with confirmed cases: 5 males and 1 female; 3 from Hubei Province and 3
from Wanzhou ; 6 cases of clustered onset of the family; Visiting nature: 3 cases
of suspected case income, 3 cases of community or outpatient screening . Three
cases with fever and / or respiratory symptoms, one of which had symptoms of
diarrhea; all children's blood routine and lymphocyte counts were within the normal
range; chest CT imaging except for cases No. 1 and No. 5 were in line with typical
new coronavirus pneumonia signs. In addition, the remaining 3 patients had abnormal
imaging but did not have the characteristics of new coronavirus pneumonia, and 1
case was normal. Comparison results:Only case 1 of all cases fully met the
diagnostic criteria, and the remaining cases did not meet the diagnostic criteria
of early suspected cases. Conclusion In order to improve the accuracy and
practicality of the diagnosis of suspected cases in children, it is recommended to
refine and standardize the diagnostic criteria of some suspected cases.
JO - Chinese Pediatric Emergency Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL - 27
IS - 0
PG - E003-E003
SP - E003
EP - E003
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A combination regimen by lopinave/litonawe (LPV/r), emtricitabine and
tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (FTC/TAF) for treatment of novel coronavirus
pneumonia (TARCoV)
AU - JIANG, Hua
AU - WANG, Yu
AU - WANG, Kai
AU - YANG, Xingxiang
AU - ZHANG, Jiancheng
AU - DENG, Hongfei
AU - WANG, Lu
AU - ZENG, Jun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To explore the efficacy of a combination regimen by
Lopinave/Litonawe (LPV/r), emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate
(FTC/TAF) for the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). Methods We design
the protocol as a real world study, which includes two groups: prospective
intervention cohort (T1) and historical control group (T2). For T1 group, ninety
patients will be enrolled who are diagnosed as NCP. All patients in T1 group will
receive standard therapies following the recommendation in the guidelines of
National Commission of Health, and they will be administered an anti-virus regimen
includes LPV/r and FTC/TAF. The T2 group will enroll patients who have received
single regimen includes LPV/r. The major outcome is the survival rate of patients.
Secondary outcomes are the time of seroconversion of RNA, ARDS progression rate and
length of hospital stay. Conclusions The results of this real world study might
provide clinical practitioners a high efficiency and fast antivirus regimen for
NCP. In addition, the conduction of this study will accelerate screening for other
new effective therapeutic method.
PB -
CY -
VL - 29
IS - 3
PG - E006-E006
SP - E006
EP - E006
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Cross‐species transmission of the newly identified coronavirus 2019‐nCoV
AU - Ji, Wei
AU - Wang, Wei
AU - Zhao, Xiaofang
AU - Zai, Junjie
AU - Li, Xingguang
PY - 2020
PD -
caused by a novel coronavirus designated 2019‐nCoV by the World Health
Organization, as determined by sequencing the viral RNA genome. Many initial
patients were exposed to wildlife animals at the Huanan seafood wholesale market,
where poultry, snake, bats, and other farm animals were also sold. To investigate
different animal species based on the 2019‐nCoV sequence. Results obtained from our
analyses suggest that the 2019‐nCoV may appear to be a recombinant virus between
the bat coronavirus and an origin‐unknown coronavirus. The recombination may
occurred within the viral spike glycoprotein, which recognizes a cell surface
receptor. Additionally, our findings suggest that 2019‐nCoV has most similar
genetic information with bat coronovirus and most similar codon usage bias with
snake. Taken together, our results suggest that homologous recombination may occur
and contribute to the 2019‐nCoV cross‐species transmission.
PB -
CY -
VL - 92
IS - 4
PG - 433-440
SP - 433
EP - 440
AN -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis of clinical characteristics of new coronavirus pneumonia patients in
secondary epidemic areas
AU - JI, Weiping
AU - CHEN, Xinxin
AU - XU, Hui
AU - JIN, Chenci
AU - HU, Yunming
AU - JI, Chengyuan
AU - SHEN, Xian
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective Understand the clinical characteristics of confirmed pneumonia
patients infected with new corona virus in secondary epidemic areas and guide the
diagnosis and treatment of novel pneumonia in secondary epidemic areas and provide
a reference for clinical prevention and control of the epidemic situation. Methods
The clinical data of 33 patients admitted with pneumonia caused by a novel
coronavirus in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from
January 15 to February 1, 2020, were retrospectively reviewed. At the onset of the
disease, we analyzed the primary symptoms such as fever, cough, fatigue, chest
tightness, chest pain and also a significant blood test results of the patients.
According to the patient's contact history, it was divided into the direct
infection group of the main epidemic area and the indirect contact infection group
of the main epidemic areas. The difference between clinical manifestations among
the two groups was analyzed. Results The main clinical symptoms of patients with
novel coronavirus pneumonia in the secondary epidemic area were respiratory tract
and systemic symptoms. After grouping according to the presence and absence of
direct contact in the main epidemic area, there was no significant difference in
baseline data between the two groups, and there was no significant difference in
symptoms and signs between the two groups ( P < 0.05). Some patients had serum
amyloid protein (SAP) increased abnormall. Conclusions The respiratory tract and
systemic symptoms are the primary symptoms of the patients with the new type of
coronavirus pneumonia in the secondary epidemic area, which are not typical. The
abnormal increase of serum amyloid protein (SAA) may be used as an auxiliary index
for diagnosis and treatment.
PB -
CY -
VL - 32
IS - 2
PG - E009-E009
SP - E009
EP - E009
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The recommendation for management of the bereavements among the family
members died with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - JI, Jianlin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The death of a family member died with the novel coronavirus pneumonia is a
special traumatic stress to the other family members and they will bear
unbelievable distress and dramatic sorrow. The grief responses can be divided into
normal grief responses and abnormal grief responses. The latter are much stronger,
more severe, last longer and the responses can be delayed or inhibited or
distorted. The management of abnormal grief responses includes counseling,
supportive group, psychotherapy and medications.
JO - Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science
PB -
CY -
VL - 29
IS - 0
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global
health — The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China - International
Journal of Infectious Diseases
AU - Hui, David S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The city of Wuhan in China is the focus of global attention due to an
outbreak of a febrile respiratory illness due to a coronavirus 2019-nCoV. In
December 2019, there was an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown cause in Wuhan, Hubei
province in China, with an epidemiological link to the Huanan Seafood Wholesale
Market where there was also sale of live animals. Notification of the WHO on 31 Dec
2019 by the Chinese Health Authorities has prompted health authorities in Hong
Kong, Macau, and Taiwan to step up border surveillance, and generated concern and
fears that it could mark the emergence of a novel and serious threat to public
health (WHO, 2020a; Parr, 2020).
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009
UR - https://www.ijidonline.com/article/S1201-9712(20)30011-4/fulltext
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emergent Strategies for the Next Phase of COVID-19
AU - Huh, Kyungmin
AU - Shin, Hyoung Shik
AU - Peck, Kyong Ran
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Infect Chemother
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 32100487
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A correlation study ofCT and clinical features of different clinical types of
2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU - HUANG, Lu
AU - HAN, Rui
AU - YU, Pengxin
AU - WANG, Shaokang
AU - XIA, Liming
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To investigate the CT and clinical features of 2019 novel
coronavirus (NCP) pneumonia. Methods Chest CT and clinical data of confirmed 103
patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in January 2020, retrospectively.
According to diagnosis and treatment of NCP infected pneumonia (trial version 5),
all the patients were classified into mild( n =58), severe ( n =36) and very severe
( n =9) type, and their clinical findings, laboratory examination and CT finding
were analyzed. CT features included lesions’ distribution, location, size,
shape, edge, number, density, percentage of pneumonia lesions of the whole lung and
extra-pulmonary manifestations. The CT features of different clinical subtypes were
compared using χ 2 test or Fisher's exact probability. Comparisons between the
percentage of pneumonic lesions to total lung volume were computed by using
analysis of variance (normal distribution) or Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test (non-
normal distribution). Results In terms of clinical manifestations, the patients
with severe NCP were more common in elderly men, with a median age of 65 years.
Fever was the first symptom in 49 (84%) of 58 patients with NCP, and fever was the
first symptom in both severe and critical NCP patients. The incidence of cough in
severe (25 / 36, 69%) and critical (6 /9, 67%) NCP patients was higher than that in
general (20 /58, 34%). All critical patients have dyspnea. In terms of CT findings,
common NCP showed double lung (40/58,71%) multiple (40 / 58,69%) ground glass
(31/58,52%) or mixed (25 / 58,43%) lesions (56 / 58,97%); severe and critical NCP
showed double lung lesions, heavy NCP mainly showed multiple (34 / 36,96%) patches
(33 / 36,92%) mixed density lesions (26 / 36,72%); 9 severe NCP lesions were more
than 3 cm Mixed density lesions. The percentage of pneumonia focus in the whole
lung volume: the common type (12.5% ± 6.1%) was significantly lower than the
severe type (25.9% ± 10.7%) and the critical type (47.2% ± 19.2%)
NCP, the difference was statistically significant ( P values were < 0.001 and
0.002 respectively), and the severe type NCP was also significantly lower than the
critical type ( P = 0.032). Conclusions CT and clinical features of different
clinical types of NCP pneumonia are different. Chest CT findings have unique
characteristic, which can not only make early diagnosis, but also evaluate its
clinical course and severity.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E003-E003
SP - E003
EP - E003
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The laboratory risk assessment and control testing 2019 novel coronavirus in
biosafety class II laboratories
AU - HUA, Wenhao
AU - SHENG, Linjun
AU - SONG, Lihong
AU - WANG, Qingtao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has spread from Wuhan to
the whole country. After the Spring Festival, workers will return to workplace and
students will return to school. There is an increasing risk of 2019-nCoV cases
being imported into provinces and cities. In order to promote the prevention and
control of 2019-nCoV infection, reduce the risk of transmission in medical
institutions, and ensure medical quality and medical safety, it is necessary to
carry out the detection test of 2019-nCoV in biosafety class II laboratory. In
order to achieve the goal of zero infection of the laboratory personnel, different
preventive measures should be taken to assess the risk of the experimental
activities.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E007-E007
SP - E007
EP - E007
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus pneumonia related liver injury: etiological analysis and
treatment strategy
AU - HU, Lilin
AU - WANG, Weijun
AU - ZHU, Qingjing
AU - YANG, Ling
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP) caused by 2019 novel
coronavirus has become a global public health challenge. Some patients accompany
with liver function damage in addition to the main typical respiratory symptom.
Here we analyzed the clinical features, susceptible population, potential causes
and therapeutic strategies of NCP related liver injury.
JO - Chinese Journal of Hepatology
PB -
CY -
VL - 28
IS - 2
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Passengers' destinations from China: low risk of Novel Coronavirus (2019-
nCoV) transmission into Africa and South America
AU - Haider, Najmul
AU - Yavlinsky, Alexei
AU - Simons, David
AU - Osman, Abdinasir Yusuf
AU - Kock, Richard
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV [SARS-COV-2]) was detected in humans during the
last week of December 2019 at Wuhan city in China, and caused 24 554 cases in 27
countries and territories as of 5 February 2020. The objective of this study was to
estimate the risk of transmission of 2019-nCoV through human passenger air flight
from four major cities of China (Wuhan, Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou) to the
passengers' destination countries. We extracted the weekly simulated passengers'
end destination data for the period of 1-31 January 2020 from FLIRT, an online air
travel dataset that uses information from 800 airlines to show the direct flight
and passengers' end destination. We estimated a risk index of 2019-nCoV
transmission based on the number of travellers to destination countries, weighted
by the number of confirmed cases of the departed city reported by the World Health
Organization (WHO). We ranked each country based on the risk index in four
quantiles (4th quantile being the highest risk and 1st quantile being the lowest
risk). During the period, 388 287 passengers were destined for 1297 airports in 168
countries or territories across the world. The risk index of 2019-nCoV among the
countries had a very high correlation with the WHO-reported confirmed cases (0.97).
According to our risk score classification, of the countries that reported at least
one Coronavirus-infected pneumonia (COVID-19) case as of 5 February 2020, 24
countries were in the 4th quantile of the risk index, two in the 3rd quantile, one
in the 2nd quantile and none in the 1st quantile. Outside China, countries with a
higher risk of 2019-nCoV transmission are Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, Canada and
the USA, all of which reported at least one case. In pan-Europe, UK, France,
Russia, Germany and Italy; in North America, USA and Canada; in Oceania, Australia
had high risk, all of them reported at least one case. In Africa and South America,
the risk of transmission is very low with Ethiopia, South Africa, Egypt, Mauritius
and Brazil showing a similar risk of transmission compared to the risk of any of
the countries where at least one case is detected. The risk of transmission on 31
January 2020 was very high in neighbouring Asian countries, followed by Europe (UK,
France, Russia and Germany), Oceania (Australia) and North America (USA and
Canada). Increased public health response including early case recognition,
isolation of identified case, contract tracing and targeted airport screening,
public awareness and vigilance of health workers will help mitigate the force of
further spread to naïve countries.
JO - Epidemiol Infect
PB -
CY -
VL - 148
IS -
PG - e41-e41
SP - e41
EP - e41
AN - 32100667
DO - 10.1017/S0950268820000424
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Nursing human resource management of infectious disease hospitals under novel
coronavirus pneumonia threats
AU - GUO, Huimin
AU - ZHANG, Lili
AU - YANG, Jiankun
AU - BAO, Zhiying
AU - REN, Zhen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - With the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia, Beijing You'an Hospital has
become one of the three infectious disease specialist hospitals designated to treat
patients of such pneumonia. Under the premise of comprehensively implementing
various emergency treatment tasks and ensuring the normal operation of other wards,
the Nursing Department has put in place emergency plans and deployed due manpower
for rapid response, timely personnel deployment, and reasonable reserve echelon
structure. These measures have been taken as required by the patients’
numbers, critical conditions, disease diagnosis, and the guidelines of treatment
and protection. While ensuring the completion of treatment work, we manage to
leverage nursing human resources in a scientific, standardized and maximized
efficiency manner, to ensure the quality of nursing, and the physical and mental
health of nursing staff.
PB -
CY -
VL - 36
IS - 0
PG - E005-E005
SP - E005
EP - E005
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Advance in human coronaviruses research of host interactions
AU - GU, Yanni
AU - SHEN, Chaobin
AU - CHEN, Tongxin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a highly pathogenic human CoV that
first emerged in Wuhan in 2019.2019-nCoV has a zoonotic origin and poses a major
threat to public health.However, little is known about the viral factors
contributing to the high virulence of 2019-nCoV.Many animal viruses, including
CoVs, encode proteins that interfere with host gene expression, including those
involved in antiviral immune responses, and these viral proteins are often major
virulence factors.Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are known respiratory pathogens
associated with a range of respiratory infection.In the past 17 years, the onset of
2019-nCoV, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East
respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have thrust HCoVs into spotlight of the
research community due to their high pathogenicity in humans.The recent study of
HCoVs-host interactions has contributed extensively to our understanding of
infection pathogenesis of 2019-nCoV.This review discuss various host
physiopathologic mechanism, such as apoptosis, innate immunity, endoplasmic
reticulum (ER) stress response, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and
nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway that may be modulated by HCoVs and
provides evidence for the intensive investigate of 2019-nCoV infection.
PB -
CY -
VL - 35
IS - 2
PG - 118-124
SP - 118
EP - 124
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Fear of COVID 2019: First suicidal case in India !
AU - Goyal, Kapil
AU - Chauhan, Poonam
AU - Chhikara, Komal
AU - Gupta, Parakriti
AU - Singh, Mini P.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101989
SP - 101989
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.101989
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Visualising the expansion and spread of coronavirus disease 2019 by
cartograms
AU - Gao, Peichao
AU - Zhang, Hong
AU - Wu, Zhiwei
AU - Wang, Jicheng
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a growing focus of global
attention and a critical factor in public-health decision making. Towards fighting
the COVID-19 outbreak, countries worldwide and international organisations have
taken various actions, including promoting the transparency of and public access to
disease data. In such public communications, maps have played an important role in
that a map is worth a thousand words. Most of these have taken the form of a
choropleth map. Here, we propose employing cartograms to visualise both the
expansion and spread of COVID-19. We designed a combination of six circular
cartograms containing the data of confirmed cases every 48 hours from 24 January to
3 February 2020. Such a design conveys both spatial and temporal information more
intuitively and efficiently, so it can be expected to facilitate better public
participation in the fight against COVID-19.
JO - Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 0308518X20910162
SP - 0308518X20910162
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1177/0308518X20910162
UR - https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X20910162
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The COVID-19 outbreak and implications for the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympic
Games
AU - Gallego, Viviana
AU - Sah, Ranjit
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101604
SP - 101604
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Manifestations of Digestive system in hospitalized patients with novel
coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-center, descriptive study
AU - FANG, Dan
AU - MA, Jingdong
AU - GUAN, Jialun
AU - WANG, Muru
AU - SONG, Yang
AU - TIAN, Dean
AU - LI, Peiyuan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To study the manifestations of digestive system of hospitalized
patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in Wuhan, China, and to provide
reference for disease control and treatment. Methods The data of hospitalized
patients with NCP in the Sino-French Branch of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical
College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology was retrospectively
analyzed, which included general information, nucleic acid test, severity degree of
disease, incubation period, initial symptoms and manifestations of digestive
system. The general information, positive rate of nucleic acid detection, and
manifestations of digestive system were compared between critical patients who
required non-invasive or invasive assisted ventilation (critical group) and non-
critical patients without assisted ventilation (non-critical group). Continuous
corrected chi-square test and independent sample median test were performed for
statistical analysis. Results Among the 305 patients there were 146 males (47.9%)
and 159 females (52.1%), median age 57 years old. Nucleic acid assay of nasopharynx
swab or pharynx swab of 84.1% (228/271) patients were positive. Forty-six patients
(15.1%) were in critical group and 259 patients (84.9%) were in non-critical group.
The incubation period was one to fifteen days, and the median period was six days.
The initial symptoms mainly were fever (81.1%, 163/201), cough (39.3%, 79/201),
fatigue (54.7%, 110/201), and loss of appetite (50.2%, 101/201). In one to ten days
after the disease onset, 79.1% (159/201) of patients developed gastrointestinal
symptoms including nausea (29.4%, 59/201), vomiting (15.9%, 32/201), or abdominal
pain (6.0%, 12/201). 49.5% (146/295) of patients had diarrhea, median time was 3.3
days, (3.3±1.6) times per day, and a duration of (4.1±2.5) days.
Excluding possible drug-related diarrhea, the incidence of diarrhea still was
22.2%. Only 6.9% (4/58) of patients were found leukocytes or fecal occult blood
positive in regular stool test. ALT, AST, or bilirubin increased in 39.1% (119/304)
of patients at admission. Patients with ALT or AST ≥ 80 U/L only accounted for
7.9% (24/304) and 6.3% (19/304), respectively. About 2.0% (6/304) of patients also
had increased bilirubin level, average level was (37.4 ± 21.1) μmol/L.
The median age of critical group was older than that of non-critical group (65.5
years vs. 56 years), at admission the rates of abnormal liver function test
abnormal and slightly increased AST (40~80 U/L) of critical group were both higher
than those of non-critical group (67.4% (31/46) vs. 34.1% (88/258) and 47.8%
(22/46) vs. 21.7% (56/228)), and the differences were statistically significant ( x
2 =5.885, 18.154 and 15.723;all P <0.05). There were no statistically
significant differences in the proportion of male (58.7% (27/46) vs. 45.9%
(119/259)), the positive rate of nucleic acid detection (94.6% (35/37) vs. 82.5%
(193/234)), the percentage of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms (85.0%
(17/20) vs. 78.5% (142/181)), the rate of diarrhea (44.7% (17/38)vs. 50.2%
(129/257)) and ratio of patients with abnormal bilirubin level (6.5% (3/46) vs.
1.2% (3/258)) (all P >0.05). Conclusions The manifestation of digestive system
of hospitalized NCP patients in Wuhan is significant, the ratio of patients with
diarrhea and abnormal aminotransferase level is high. And at admission the rate of
patients with abnormal liver function rate of critical group is higher than that of
non-critical group, which will provide reference for the prevention and treatment
of NCP.
JO - Chinese Journal of Digestion
PB -
CY -
VL - 40
IS - 0
PG - E005-E005
SP - E005
EP - E005
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Investigation on demands for antenatal care services among 2 002 pregnant
women during the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 in Shanghai
AU - DU, Li
AU - GU, Yibin
AU - CUI, Mengqing
AU - LI, Wenxian
AU - WANG, Jie
AU - ZHU, Liping
AU - XU, Biao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To identify problems and demands for antenatal care (ANC) among
pregnant women in different trimesters of pregnancy in Shanghai for optimizing ANC
service during the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods
Organized by Maternal and Child Health Care institute in the 16 districts of
Shanghai, a cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant women who came to
pregnancy registration in the community health centers or attended ANC in maternity
hospitals from February 7 to February 12, 2020. Consented participating women
completed a semi-structured online questionnaire voluntarily. Data was analyzed
using frequency and scoring, chi-square test. Results A total of 2 002 valid
questionnaires were collected from 183 community health centers and 67 midwifery
hospitals. About 94.6% of the pregnant women worried about being infected during
the COVID-19 epidemic, and 14.7% demanded for psychological consultation.
Appointment ANC services were requested by 87.7% of the participants for avoiding
presenting themselves in people-density places. Compared with other pregnancy
trimesters, pregnant women in the second trimester were more willing to reduce the
frequency of ANC (48.1% VS. 39.5% VS. 35.2%, P <0.01). Compared with multiparas,
primiparas were more willing to have online consultation and guidance (63.8% VS.
49.2%, P <0.01). Regarding the needs for health knowledge on COVID-19, personal
protection against 2019-nCoV was the most concerned for pregnant women, and 71.0%
of them preferred to obtain knowledge through health applications, official Weibo
and WeChat. Conclusions Pregnant women in Shanghai critically concern about the
risk of 2019-nCoV infections, and highly demand knowledge and measures on
prevention and protection from COVID-19. They ask for having time-lapse
appointments for ANC and online access to health information and services. Maternal
and Child Care institutes should understand the demands of pregnant women, optimize
the means of ANC service, and provide tailored and accessible health education and
service for the safety of mother and child.
JO - Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
PB -
CY -
VL - 55
IS - 0
PG - E004-E004
SP - E004
EP - E004
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Covid-19: surge in cases in Italy and South Korea makes pandemic look more
likely
AU - Day, Michael
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m751-m751
SP - m751
EP - m751
AN - 32098875
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m751
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Suggestions for thoracic surgery clinical practice in non-epidemic area of
coronavirus infected disease-19
AU - DAI, Fuqiang
AU - TAN, Qunyou
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In this paper, the mechanism of destroying human alveolar epithelial cells
and pulmonary tissue by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was discussed firstly.
There may be multiple mechanisms including killing directly the target cells and
hyperinflammatory responses. Secondly, the clinical features, CT imaging, short-
term and long-term pulmonary function damage of the 2019 novel coronavirus
pneumonia (COVID-19) was analyzed. Finally, some suggestions for thoracic surgery
clinical practice in non-epidemic area during and after the epidemic of COVID-19
was provided, to help all the thoracic surgery patients receive active and
effective treatment.
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E004-E004
SP - E004
EP - E004
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Mystery deepens over animal source of coronavirus Podcast Extra: ‘There is
lots of anxiety’: a scientist’s view from South Korea Coronavirus latest: Brazil
reports first case in South America
AU - Grzybowski, Bartosz
AU - Nature
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Pangolins are a prime suspect, but a slew of genetic analyses has yet to find
conclusive proof. Pangolins are a prime suspect, but a slew of genetic analyses has
yet to find conclusive proof. Nick Howe speaks to chemist Bartosz Grzybowski about
his experience with the coronavirus outbreak in South Korea. Nick Howe speaks to
chemist Bartosz Grzybowski about his experience with the coronavirus outbreak in
South Korea. A case of COVID-19 has been confirmed in Brazil — the first in South
America. On 26 February, Brazil’s minister of health, Luiz Henrique Mandetta,
confirmed that a man who traveled to northern Italy between 9 and 21 February has
the disease. Italy’s outbreak has escalated to 324 cases and 12 deaths, according
to a virus tracker maintained by Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00548-w doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00565-9
doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00565-9
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Nucleocapsid Protein Recruitment to Replication-Transcription Complexes Plays
a Crucial Role in Coronaviral Life Cycle
AU - Cong, Yingying
AU - Ulasli, Mustafa
AU - Schepers, Hein
AU - Mauthe, Mario
AU - V’kovski, Philip
AU - Kriegenburg, Franziska
AU - Thiel, Volker
AU - de Haan, Cornelis A. M.
AU - Reggiori, Fulvio
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Coronavirus (CoV) nucleocapsid (N) proteins are key for incorporating genomic
RNA into progeny viral particles. In infected cells, N proteins are present at the
replication-transcription complexes (RTCs), the sites of CoV RNA synthesis. It has
been shown that N proteins are important for viral replication and that the one of
mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), a commonly used model CoV, interacts with
nonstructural protein 3 (nsp3), a component of the RTCs. These two aspects of the
CoV life cycle, however, have not been linked. We found that the MHV N protein
binds exclusively to nsp3 and not other RTC components by using a systematic yeast
two-hybrid approach, and we identified two distinct regions in the N protein that
redundantly mediate this interaction. A selective N protein variant carrying point
mutations in these two regions fails to bind nsp3 in vitro, resulting in inhibition
of its recruitment to RTCs in vivo. Furthermore, in contrast to the wild-type N
protein, this N protein variant impairs the stimulation of genomic RNA and viral
mRNA transcription in vivo and in vitro, which in turn leads to impairment of MHV
replication and progeny production. Altogether, our results show that N protein
recruitment to RTCs, via binding to nsp3, is an essential step in the CoV life
cycle because it is critical for optimal viral RNA synthesis.IMPORTANCE CoVs have
long been regarded as relatively harmless pathogens for humans. Severe respiratory
tract infection outbreaks caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV and
Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV, however, have caused high pathogenicity and
mortality rates in humans. These outbreaks highlighted the relevance of being able
to control CoV infections. We used a model CoV, MHV, to investigate the importance
of the recruitment of N protein, a central component of CoV virions, to
intracellular platforms where CoVs replicate, transcribe, and translate their
genomes. By identifying the principal binding partner at these intracellular
platforms and generating a specific mutant, we found that N protein recruitment to
these locations is crucial for promoting viral RNA synthesis. Moreover, blocking
this recruitment strongly inhibits viral infection. Thus, our results explain an
important aspect of the CoV life cycle and reveal an interaction of viral proteins
that could be targeted in antiviral therapies.
PB -
CY -
VL - 94
IS - 4
PG - e01925-19
SP - e01925
EP - 19
AN -
DO - 10.1128/JVI.01925-19
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019 novel coronavirus: an emerging global threat
AU - Columbus, Cristie
AU - Brust, Karen B.
AU - Arroliga, Alejandro C.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The coronavirus (CoV) epidemic that began in China in December 2019 follows
earlier epidemics of severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV in China and Middle East
respiratory syndrome CoV in Saudi Arabia. The full genome of the 2019 novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has now been shared, and data have been gathered from
several case series. As of February 11, 2020, there have been 45,182 laboratory-
confirmed cases, the vast majority in China, with 1115 deaths, for an overall case-
fatality rate of 2.5%. Cases have been confirmed in 27 countries. On average, each
patient infects 2.2 other people. Symptomatic infection appears to predominantly
affect adults, with a 5-day estimated incubation period between infection and
symptom onset. The most common presenting symptoms are fever, cough, dyspnea, and
myalgias and/or fatigue. All cases reported to date have shown radiographic
evidence of pneumonia. 2019-nCoV is diagnosed by real-time reverse transcriptase
polymerase chain reaction. Treatment is largely supportive, with regimens including
antiviral therapy. Corticosteroids are not routinely recommended. Hand hygiene,
prompt identification and isolation of suspect patients, and appropriate use of
personal protective equipment are the most reliable methods to contain the epidemic
JO - Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1-4
SP - 1
EP - 4
AN -
DO - 10.1080/08998280.2020.1731272
UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2020.1731272
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Efficacy of orally administered porcine epidemic diarrhea vaccine-loaded
hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate microspheres and RANKL-secreting L. lactis
AU - Choe, SeEun
AU - Song, Sok
AU - Piao, Dachuan
AU - Park, Gyu-Nam
AU - Shin, Jihye
AU - Choi, Yun-Jaie
AU - Kang, Sang-Kee
AU - Cha, Ra Mi
AU - Hyun, Bang-Hun
AU - Park, Bong-Kyun
AU - An, Dong-Jun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Here, we examined the efficacy of are combinant subunit antigen-based oral
vaccine for preventing porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). First, we generated
a soluble recombinant partial spike S1 protein (aP2) from PEDV in E. coli and then
evaluated the utility of aP2 subunit vaccine-loaded hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
phthalate microspheres (HPMCP) and RANKL-secreting L. lactis (LLRANKL) as a
candidate oral vaccine in pregnant sows. Pregnant sows were vaccinated twice (with
a 2 week interval between doses) at 4 weeks before farrowing. Titers of virus-
specific IgA antibodies in colostrum, and neutralizing antibodies in serum, of sows
vaccinated with HPMCP (aP2) plus LL RANKL increased significantly at 4 weeks post-
first vaccination. Furthermore, the survival rate of newborn suckling piglets
delivered by sows vaccinated with HPMCP (aP2) plus LL RANKL was similar to that of
piglets delivered by sows vaccinated with a commercial killed porcine epidemic
diarrhea virus (PED) vaccine. The South Korean government promotes a PED vaccine
program (live-killed-killed) to increase the titers of IgA and IgG antibodies in
pregnant sows and prevent PEDV. The oral vaccine strategy described herein, which
is based on a safe and efficient recombinant subunit antigen, is an alternative PED
vaccination strategy that could replace the traditional strategy, which relies on
attenuated live oral vaccines or artificial infection with virulent PEDV.
JO - Veterinary Microbiology
PB -
CY -
VL - 242
IS -
PG - 108604
SP - 108604
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108604
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - First case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in Taiwan
AU - Cheng, Shao-Chung
AU - Chang, Yuan-Chia
AU - Fan Chiang, Yu-Long
AU - Chien, Yu-Chan
AU - Cheng, Mingte
AU - Yang, Chin-Hua
AU - Huang, Chia-Husn
AU - Hsu, Yuan-Nian
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - An outbreak of respiratory illness proved to be infected by a 2019 novel
coronavirus, officially named Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), was notified
first in Wuhan, China, and has spread rapidly in China and to other parts of the
world. Herein, we reported the first confirmed case of novel coronavirus pneumonia
(NCP) imported from China in Taiwan. This case report revealed a natural course of
NCP with self-recovery, which may be a good example in comparison with medical
treatments.
JO - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2020.02.007
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Thoughts and suggestions on modern construction of disease prevention and
control system
AU - Cheng, J. Q.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The critical period for the prevention and control of novel coronavirus
pneumonia (NCP) in China, in response to requirements for accelerating the
modernization of the disease prevention and control system, we analyzed and
summarized the current situation, existing problems, and deficiencies in China's
modernization of disease prevention and control system. In addition, we put forward
the contents and countermeasures for the modernization of the disease prevention
and control system. The modernization of the disease prevention and control system
should be built around governance modernization, talent modernization, equipment
modernization, scientific research modernization, and modernization of the
regulatory system. The countermeasures and suggestions need to reposition the
disease prevention and control system, rationalize the management system and
operating mechanism, strengthen the modernization of talents and equipment,
strengthen scientific research on disease prevention and control, and further
improve the disease prevention and control legal system.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 5
PG - 1-5
SP - 1
EP - 5
AN - 32100978
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200221-00151
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A time delay dynamic system with external source for the local outbreak of
2019-nCoV
AU - Chen, Yu
AU - Cheng, Jin
AU - Jiang, Yu
AU - Liu, Keji
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - How to model the 2019 CoronaVirus (2019-nCov) spread in China is one of the
most urgent and interesting problems in applied mathematics. In this paper, we
propose a novel time delay dynamic system with external source to describe the
trend of local outbreak for the 2019-nCoV. The external source is introduced in the
newly proposed dynamic system, which can be considered as the suspected people
travel to different areas. The numerical simulations exhibit the dynamic system
with the external source is more reliable than the one without it, and the rate of
isolation is extremely important for controlling the increase of cumulative
confirmed people of 2019-nCoV. Based on our numerical simulation results with the
public data, we suggest that the local government should have some more strict
measures to maintain the rate of isolation. Otherwise the local cumulative
confirmed people of 2019-nCoV might be out of control.
JO - Applicable Analysis
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1-12
SP - 1
EP - 12
AN -
DO - 10.1080/00036811.2020.1732357
UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/00036811.2020.1732357
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Treatment strategy for gastrointestinal tumor under the outbreak of novel
coronavirus pneumonia in China
AU - CHEN, Yonghe
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has become a public
health emergency in China. Chinese authorities and health agencies had devoted
great efforts to control this disease. As surgeons specialized in the treatment of
gastrointestinal tumors, we should always be aware of the prevention for NCP and
incorporate this awareness into every detail of clinical practice. For the patients
with gastrointestinal tumors, pre-admission screening should be done in order to
rule out NCP. Real-time RT-PCR panel and chest CT scan should be conducted for
patients with fever (>37.3℃), travel history to Hubei Province within 14
days, or contact history with residents from Wuhan district within 14 days.
Prevention measures for both medical staffs and the screen-negative admitted
patients should also be enhanced because false negative is possible. Medical
instruments should be properly discarded or disinfected according to standardized
procedures established by the local center for disease control and prevention
(CDC). Surgical operation should be reduced at a minimal level to prevent cross
infection in this special period.Surgical intervention for benign tumor should be
postponed. For malignant tumor, multidisciplinary therapy (MDT) is recommended and
non-surgical anti-tumor therapy should be selected with higher priority.
Neoadjuvant therapy is highly recommended for gastrointestinal cancer at advanced
stages that meet the indications of NCCN guideline (gastric cancer T stage ≥
2/rectal cancer T stage ≥ 3/unresectable colon cancer). Gastric or
esophagogastricjunction (EGJ) malignant tumor with obstruction can be managed with
gastric tube decompression or stent placement to relieve the symptoms. Transnasal
enteral feeding tube intubation/percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy could be
adopted to ensure enteral nutrition supply. For colorectal malignancy with simple
intestinal obstruction, stent placement can achieve a high success rate, which not
only helps avoid emergency surgery, but also creates a better condition for
subsequent surgery. Transcatheter arterial embolization for hemostasis is an
alternative choice for gastrointestinal tumor with bleeding. However, emergency
operation still must be performed for patients with acute uncontrolled bleeding,
obstruction or after other alternative treatment measures fail. All cases with
suspicious or confirmed with NCP must be reported to the local CDC department. All
invasive intervention must be performed in a designated isolation area. Tertiary
prevention measure must be adopted for all anesthetists with additional face mask
or medical goggle protection to prevent respiratory droplet transmission.
Preventive enterostomy is preferable in lower digestive tract surgery. Thoroughly
disinfecting the operating room after surgery is necessary. Fever after surgery
must be carefully differentiated whether it's caused by post-surgery abdominal
infection/inflammation or NCP. Single-room isolation and related examinations
should be performed according to the standard procedures. We believe that with the
unprecedentedly joint efforts of doctors and patients, we will eventually win this
war against NCP.
JO - Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
PB -
CY -
VL - 23
IS - 2
PG - I-IV
SP - I
EP - IV
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The network investigation on knowledge, attitude and practice about Novel
coronavirus pneumonia of the residents in Anhui Province
AU - CHEN, Yan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To analyze the current situation of the knowledge, attitudes and
practice about Novelcoronavirus pneumonia (NCP) of the residents in Anhui Province.
Methods Anonymous network sampling survey was carried out with an electronic
questionnaire that designed by the questionnaire star, and a total of 4016 subjects
from Anhui province were investigated. The content of the survey includes that the
basic information of subjects,the residents' knowledge, attitudes and practice
about NCP, as well as their satisfaction with the prevention and control measures
adopted by the government and health authorities and the suggestions on future
prevention. The questionnaire doesn't involve any privacy information, and all
questions were mandatory to ensure the response rate. Results The M(P 25 , P 75 )
age the 4 016 subjects was 21 (19, 24) years old, and the ranging from 7 to 80
years old. The number of males was 1 431(35.6%). Social networking tools such as
WeChat and QQ were the main sources of epidemic information for residents (97.8%, 3
929 respondents). Residents had higher awareness rate of cough (99.5%, n= 3 997)
and fever(96.0%, n= 3 857) symptoms, the transmission by droplets (99.5%, n= 3
995), aerosol transmission (81.1%, n= 3 258), and contact transmission (92.3%, n= 3
708), but lower awareness of symptoms os muscle pain or fatigue (62.7%, n= 2 518).
92.6% of the subjects ( n= 3 720) think that the outbreak was scary. In terms of
psychological behavior scores, the results showed that female (9.38±4.81),
the urban (9.37±5.02) and the medical workers (10.79±5.19) had a
poorer mental health than the male (8.45±5.00), the rural (8.71±4.75)
and the non-medical workers (the students: 8.85±4.83; public institude
workers: 9.02±5.08; others: 8.97±5.39) ( P <0.05). 71.9% of the
residents ( n= 2 887)were satisfied with the local epidemic control measures. The
residents took various of the measures to prevent and control the epidemic. The
ratio of residents that could achieve'no gathering and less going out','wear masks
when going out'and'do not go to crowded and closed places'was up to 97.4% ( n= 3
913), 93.6% ( n= 3758) and 91.5% ( n= 3 673) respectively. Conclusion The residents
in Anhui province have a good KAP about NCP, yet it is necessary to strengthen the
community publicity, the mental health maintenance of residents and students'
health education.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 4
PG - E004-E004
SP - E004
EP - E004
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Key points for the prevention and treatment of the novel coronavirus
pneumonia in the elderly
AU - CHEN, Qiong
AU - YU, Weiwei
AU - WANG, Lijing
AU - XI, Huan
AU - ZHANG, Qiang
AU - CHEN, Xinyu
AU - HUANG, Kui
AU - LU, Xiang
AU - LIU, Xinmin
AU - ZHANG, Cuntai
AU - WANG, Jianye
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The population is commonly susceptible to the 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-
nCoV), especially the elderly with comorbidities.Elderly patients infected with
2019-nCoV tend to have higher rates of severe illnesses and mortality.Immunoaging
is an important cause of severe novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP)in the elderly.Due
to the combination of underlying diseases, elderly patients may exhibit a typical
manifestations in clinical symptoms, supplementary examinations and pulmonary
imaging, deserving particular attention.The general condition of the elderly should
be considered during diagnosis and treatment.In addition to routine care and
measures such as oxygen therapy, antiviral therapy and respiratory support,
treatment of underlying disease, nutritional support, sputum expectoration,
complication prevention and psychological support should also be considered for
elderly patients.Based on literature review and expert panel discussion, we drafted
the Key Points for the Prevention and Treatment of the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia
in the elderly, aiming to provide help with the prevention and treatment of NCP and
the reduction of harm to the elderly population.
JO - Chinese Journal of Geriatrics
PB -
CY -
VL - 39
IS - 2
PG - 113-118
SP - 113
EP - 118
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Efficacies of lopinavir/ritonavir and abidol in the treatment of novel
AU - CHEN, Jun
AU - LING, Yun
AU - XI, Xiuhong
AU - LIU, Ping
AU - LI, Feng
AU - LI, Tao
AU - SHANG, Zhiyin
AU - WANG, Mei
AU - SHEN, Yinzhong
AU - LU, Hongzhou
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To evaluate the efficacies of lopinavir/ritonavir and abidol in the
treatment of NCP. Methods The clinical data of 134 patients with NCP receiving
treatment at Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center during Jan 20 to Feb 6, 2020
were retrospectively collected. All the patients received interferon-α2b
spray and symptomatic supportive treatment, and 52 cases received oral
lopinavir/ritonavir treatment, 34 cases received oral abidol treatment, the
remaining 48 cases did not take any antiviral drugs. The efficacies at median day 7
among the three groups were compared by using Kruskal-Wallis or chi-square tests.
Results The 134 patients included 69 males (51.5%) and 65 females, aged 35-62 years
with the average of 48 years. The median time to temperature normalization in
patients receiving abidol or lopinavir/ritonavir treatment was both 6 days after
admission, and that was 4 days in the control group, with no significant difference
( χ 2 = 2.37, P =0.31). The median time to PCR negative in the respiratory
specimens in the three groups was all 7 days after admission, and the PCR negative
rates at day 7 after admission in lopinavir/ritonavir, abidol and control groups
were 71.8% (28/39), 82.6% (19/23) and 77.1% (27/35), respectively, which were not
significantly different ( χ 2 = 0.46 , P =0.79). Radiological worsening at day
7 was observed in comparable proportions of patients in the three groups, which
were 42.3% ( n =22), 35.3% ( n =12) and 52.1% ( n =25), respectively ( χ 2 =
2.38, P =0.30) . Adverse reactions occurred in 17.3% ( n =9), 8.8% ( n =3) and 8.3%
( n =4) patients, respectively in the three groups ( χ 2 = 2.33, P =0.33).
Conclusions This study did not find any effects of lopinavir/ritonavir and abidol
on relieving symptoms or accelerating virus clearance. The efficacies of these two
drugs in NCP treatment need further investigation.
PB -
CY -
VL - 38
IS - 0
PG - E008-E008
SP - E008
EP - E008
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emergency management practice of novel coronavirus pneumonia in designated
hospitals
AU - CHEN, Changgui
AU - ZHANG, Songping
AU - HUANG, Xiaohua
AU - HUANG, Jinsong
AU - CAI, Zhaobin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - At present, we are fighting against the outbreak of novel coronavirus
pneumonia (NCP) in China. For the purposes of diagnosis and treatment of NCP
patients, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, as a designated hospital, make available the
wards quickly, initiated the management system of public health emergencies, and
established a 'tolerate admission- strict discharge' patients management program.
Meanwhile, the hospital has established an emergency supply and coordinated
distribution mechanism for medical protection materials, and a full-system and
multi-model training system, ensuring smooth progress of the diagnosis and
treatment work.
PB -
CY -
VL - 36
IS - 0
PG - E004-E004
SP - E004
EP - E004
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Strategy of hospital logistic support to the battle against novel coronavirus
pneumonia
AU - CHEN, Changgui
AU - XUAN, Junfang
AU - HUANG, Xiaohua
AU - SHOU, Hongyan
AU - FU, Jinhong
AU - WANG, Gongyi
AU - CAI, Zhaobin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Nowadays hospitals have been at the forefront fighting against novel
coronavirus pneumonia, with diagnosing and treating of patients as a top priority.
In order to ensure the smooth progress of diagnosis and treatment, and prevent the
occurrence of nosocomial infection, logistics support needs to make allowances for
the isolation ward in time from the perspectives of logistics, facilities and
equipment, and to transform the in-and-out double channels of ward access as
required, thus setting up the partition of the three zones. Secondly, logistics
support needs to optimize the logistics service workflow, including the medical
waste management, the environmental disinfection isolation, and to optimize the
catering service within hospitals to reduce the gathering and flow of personnel.
Thirdly, logistics support needs to increase personnel training, and to eliminate
psychological panic as well as to stabilize the logistics support team by putting
logistics management cadres on the front line. Meanwhile, the logistics department
needs to take over the hospital access screening work, strictly manage those who
enter the hospital, maximize the safety and reliability of the logistics support
within the hospital, and ensure the smooth progress of the epidemic prevention
work.
PB -
CY -
VL - 36
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of
the evidence
AU - Brooks, Samantha K.
AU - Webster, Rebecca K.
AU - Smith, Louise E.
AU - Woodland, Lisa
AU - Wessely, Simon
AU - Greenberg, Neil
AU - Rubin, Gideon James
PY -
PD -
N2 - The December, 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak has seen many countries ask
people who have potentially come into contact with the infection to isolate
themselves at home or in a dedicated quarantine facility. Decisions on how to apply
quarantine should be based on the best available evidence. We did a Review of the
psychological impact of quarantine using three electronic databases. Of 3166 papers
found, 24 are included in this Review. Most reviewed studies reported negative
psychological effects including post-traumatic stress symptoms, confusion, and
anger. Stressors included longer quarantine duration, infection fears, frustration,
boredom, inadequate supplies, inadequate information, financial loss, and stigma.
Some researchers have suggested long-lasting effects. In situations where
quarantine is deemed necessary, officials should quarantine individuals for no
longer than required, provide clear rationale for quarantine and information about
protocols, and ensure sufficient supplies are provided. Appeals to altruism by
reminding the public about the benefits of quarantine to wider society can be
favourable.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Severe SARS-CoV-2 infections: practical considerations and management
strategy for intensivists
AU - Bouadma, Lila
AU - Lescure, Francois-Xavier
AU - Yazdanpanah, Yazdan
AU - Timsit, Jean-Francois
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Etiological agent and epidemiology The new agent causing this pneumonia, a
coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), was identified and sequenced [3] and diagnostic tests
were developed [4]. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization issued a
worldwide public health alert on the emergence of a new epidemic viral disease. On
February 3, 2020, 17,391 confirmed cases (153 cases outside of China) have been
reported (https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-
2019/situation-reports/). The overall mortality rate of affected patients is
difficult to assess at this time, because of the lack of a reliable denominator.
Severe forms represent 14% of the reported cases, and the overall mortality is
around 2% of the confirmed cases. To date, 153 cases have been reported in 23
countries outside China (overall, 24 cases in Europe), most of them being imported
cases: tourists coming from China, or China-originating persons returning to their
country of residence after traveling to visit family in Wuhan or other Chinese
regions. In Europe, at least three cases in Germany and one case in France involved
patients with no history of travel to China. The German case occurred after
exposure to an asymptomatic contact coming from China [5].AU - Lucet, Jean-
Christophe
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00134-020-05967-x
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Application of the ARIMA model on the COVID-2019 epidemic dataset
AU - Vassallo, Lazzaro
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) has been recognized as a global threat,
and several studies are being conducted using various mathematical models to
predict the probable evolution of this epidemic. These mathematical models based on
various factors and analyses are subject to potential bias. Here, we propose a
simple econometric model that could be useful to predict the spread of COVID-2019.
We performed Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model prediction on
the Johns Hopkins epidemiological data to predict the epidemiological trend of the
prevalence and incidence of COVID-2019. For further comparison or for future
perspective, case definition and data collection have to be maintained in real
time.
JO - Data in Brief
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 105340
SP - 105340
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105340
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The 2019‐new coronavirus epidemic: Evidence for virus evolution
AU - Spoto, Silvia
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - There is a worldwide concern about the new coronavirus 2019‐nCoV as a global
public health threat. In this article, we provide a preliminary evolutionary and
molecular epidemiological analysis of this new virus. A phylogenetic tree has been
built using the 15 available whole genome sequences of 2019‐nCoV, 12 whole genome
sequences of 2019‐nCoV, and 12 highly similar whole genome sequences available in
gene bank (five from the severe acute respiratory syndrome, two from Middle East
respiratory syndrome, and five from bat SARS‐like coronavirus). Fast unconstrained
Bayesian approximation analysis shows that the nucleocapsid and the spike
glycoprotein have some sites under positive pressure, whereas homology modeling
revealed some molecular and structural differences between the viruses. The
phylogenetic tree showed that 2019‐nCoV significantly clustered with bat SARS‐like
coronavirus sequence isolated in 2015, whereas structural analysis revealed
mutation in Spike Glycoprotein and nucleocapsid protein. From these results, the
new 2019‐nCoV is distinct from SARS virus, probably trasmitted from bats after
mutation conferring ability to infect humans.
PB -
CY -
VL - 92
IS - 4
PG - 455-459
SP - 455
EP - 459
AN -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis of the first cluster of cases in a family of novel coronavirus
pneumonia in Gansu Province
AU - Bai, Shaoli
AU - Wang, Jianyun
AU - Zhou, Yingquan
AU - Yu, Desheng
AU - Gao, Xiaomin
AU - Li, Lingling
AU - Yang, Fan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The epidemiological history and clinical characteristics of 7 cases of COVID-
19 and 1 case of close contact in the first family aggregation epidemic of COVID-19
in Gansu Province were analyzed. The first patient A developed on January 22, 2020,
with a history of residence in Wuhan, and confirmed severe cases of NCP on January
24, 2020; patient B, on January 23, 2020, diagnosed on January 31, severe cases;
patient C, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 27; patient D, asymptomatic,
diagnosed on January 27; patient E, on January 24, diagnosed on January 28; patient
F, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 31; Patient G was asymptomatic and was
diagnosed on January 31. In close contact, H was asymptomatic, PCR test was
negative and asymptomatic, and he was discharged early. Among the 7 patients, 1
case died of (B) aggravation, and the other patients' condition was effectively
controlled after active treatment. Except for the discharged cases, 5 cases were
positive for COVID-19 specific IgM antibody and 1 case was negative. In this
clustering outbreak, 4 patients remained asymptomatic, but PCR and IgM antibodies
were positive, indicating that asymptomatic patients may be the key point to
control the epidemic. Specific IgM antibody screening for patients whose pharyngeal
swab nucleic acid test is negative but with ground glass-like lung lesions is very
important for early detection and early isolation.;
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E005-E005
SP - E005
EP - E005
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
22 February 2020)
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - This is the fourth epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19), reported in Australia as at 19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time
[AEDT] 22 February 2020. It includes data on COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Australia,
the international situation and a review of current evidence.
PB -
CY -
VL - 44
IS -
PG - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.17
SP - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.17
EP -
AN - 32098616
DO - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.17
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - De-isolating COVID-19 Suspect Cases: A Continuing Challenge
AU - Tay, Jun-Yang
AU - Lim, Poh Lian
AU - Marimuthu, Kalisvar
AU - Sadarangani, Sapna Pradip
AU - Ling, Li Min
AU - Ang, Brenda Sze Peng
AU - Chan, Monica
AU - Leo, Yee-Sin
AU - Vasoo, Shawn
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As of 15 February 2020, Singapore had screened a total of 991 suspect cases
for COVID-19, of which 72 cases tested positive, 812 cases tested negative, while
the remaining 107 had pending results.(1) Besides optimising sample type to
increase yield, (2) the challenge in clinical management of suspect cases lies in
deciding whether they may be de-isolated or if further isolation and repeat testing
is required. No single indicator may be effectively used to decide on de-isolation
of a suspect case. In our series of positive cases, samples from one suspect case
only returned positive on the fifth repeated sample (nasopharyngeal swab), on the
seventh day of clinical illness. Current evidence suggests that transmission of
COVID-19 may be possible even from asymptomatic contacts,(3) and polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) testing may not return positive initially. (4) Our suspect case was
kept isolated because of a high index of clinical suspicion, with a clinically
compatible illness and history of close contact with a laboratory-proven COVID-19
case. While multiplex respiratory virus panels, in general, may be helpful in the
evaluation of other viral acute respiratory infections (ARIs), even the detection
of an alternate respiratory pathogen may not definitively exclude COVID-19
infection. Dual infections can occur in 10- 20% of viral acute respiratory
infections, as has been reported with SARS-CoV and MERSCoV. (5) In our case series,
one patient with confirmed COVID-19 by nasopharyngeal aspirate also exhibited
clinical symptoms compatible with dengue fever. This was laboratory confirmed by
dengue NS1 antigen test. (PL Lim, personal communication).
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/cid/ciaa179
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Advantages and challenges of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in
the detection of 2019 novel coronavirus
AU - TAO, Yue
AU - FU, Qihua
AU - MO, Xi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As one of the two methods for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), gene
sequencing is different from quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) in detection
principles. Therefore, gene sequencing has its own pros and cons in clinical
application. Currently, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is the most
commonly used technology in clinical application. Due to its broad coverage of all
types of pathogens, mNGS demonstrates incomparable advantage in rapid
identification of novel pathogens such as 2019-nCoV. In addition, it can
simultaneously identify other pathogens except 2019-nCoV and mixed infections. On
the other hand, however, due to the complexity of mNGS and long detection time, it
is unlikely to achieve the purpose of wide-range and rapid diagnosis of 2019 n-CoV.
Therefore, mNGS can complement RT-PCR to achieve best clinical application.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E008-E008
SP - E008
EP - E008
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of porcine
deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) in Shandong Province, China
AU - Sun, Wenchao
AU - Wang, Li
AU - Huang, Haixin
AU - Wang, Wei
AU - Cao, Liang
AU - Zhang, Jinyong
AU - Zheng, Min
AU - Lu, Huijun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is the etiological agent of acute diarrhoea
and vomiting in pigs, threatening the swine industry worldwide. Although several
PDCoV studies have been conducted in China, more sequence information is needed to
understand the molecular characterization of PDCoV. In this study, the partial
ORF1a, spike protein (S) and nucleocapsid protein (N) were sequenced from Shandong
Province between 2017 and 2018. The sequencing results for the S protein from 10
PDCoV strains showed 96.7 %–99.7 % nucleotide sequence identity with the China
lineage strains, while sharing a lower level of nucleotide sequence identity,
ranging from 95.7 to 96.8%, with the Vietnam/Laos/Thailand lineage strains. N
protein sequencing analysis showed that these strains showed nucleotide homologies
of 97.3%–99.3% with the reference strains. Phylogenetic analyses based on S protein
sequences showed that these PDCoV strains were classified into the China lineage.
The discontinuous 2 + 3 aa deletions at 400–401 and 758–760 were found in the Nsp2
and Nsp3 coding region in five strains, respectively, with similar deletions having
been identified in Vietnam, Thailand, and Laos. Three novel patterns of deletion
were observed for the first time in the Nsp2 and Nsp3 regions. Importantly, those
findings suggest that PDCoV may have undergone a high degree of variation since
PDCoV was first detected in China.
JO - Virus Research
PB -
CY -
VL - 278
IS -
PG - 197869
SP - 197869
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2020.197869
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - World Health Organization declares Global Emergency: A review of the 2019
Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)
AU - Sohrabi, Catrin
AU - Alsafi, Zaid
AU - O’Neill, Niamh
AU - Khan, Mehdi
AU - Kerwan, Ahmed
AU - Al-Jabir, Ahmed
AU - Iosifidis, Christos
AU - Agha, Riaz
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - An unprecedented outbreak of pneumonia of unknown aetiology in Wuhan City,
Hubei province in China emerged in December of 2019. A novel coronavirus was
identified as the causative agent and was subsequently termed COVID-19 by the World
Health Organization (WHO). Considered a relative of severe acute respiratory
syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), COVID-19 is a
betacoronavirus that affects the lower respiratory tract and manifests as pneumonia
in humans. Despite rigorous global containment and quarantine efforts, the
incidence of COVID-19 continues to rise, with 50,580 laboratory-confirmed cases and
1,526 deaths worldwide. In response to this global outbreak, we summarise the
current state of knowledge surrounding COVID-19.
JO - International Journal of Surgery
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - What are the highlights of "Diagnosis and treatment of Disease 2019 novel
coronavirus infection suitable for Military support Hubei medical team"
AU - Shi, Y.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Thousands of medical workers in the Military support Hubei medical team are
exerting themselves in many hospitals in Hubei Province. They are diligent in
treating patients, at the same time, they constantly summarize experience and
combine the characteristics of military hospitals. According to " the Diagnosis and
Treatment of New Coronavirus Pneumonia "(6th edition) of the National Health
Commission of the People's Republic of China, a new guideline for the diagnosis and
treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus infection suitable for the military (first
trial version) was established. Some unique opinions and suggestions are put
forward in terms of disease name, diagnosis criteria, antiviral treatment,
glucocorticoid application, etc. This article will make a proper interpretation in
order to understand the guideline better and help guide the diagnosis and treatment
of diseases.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E025-E025
SP - E025
EP - E025
AN - 32098466
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200225-00183
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Effect of TLR agonist on infections bronchitis virus replication and cytokine
expression in embryonated chicken eggs
AU - Sharma, Bal Krishan
AU - Kakker, Naresh Kumar
AU - Bhadouriya, Sakshi
AU - Chhabra, Rajesh
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) is an acute, highly infectious and
contagious viral disease of chickens caused by avian infectious bronchitis virus
(IBV) belonging to the genus Coronavirus and family Coronaviridae. It can affect
all age groups of birds. The toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a major class of innate
immune pattern recognition receptors that have a key role in immune response and
defense against various infections.The TLRs are essential for initiation of innate
immune responses and in the development of adaptive immune responses. An in ovo
model was employed to study the antiviral activity of TLR ligands (Pam3CSK4, LPS
and CpG ODN) on replication of IBV. It was hypothesized that optimum dose and
specific timing of TLR ligands may reduce viral load of IBV in specific pathogen
free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs). Further, the mechanism involved in the
TLR-mediated antiviral response in chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of ECEs was
investigated. The ECEs of 9–11 days old were treated with different doses (high,
intermediate and low) of TLR-2 (Pam3CSK4), TLR-4 (LPS) and TLR-21 (CpG ODN)
ligands. In addition, to know the timing of TLR ligand treatment, six time
intervals were analyzed viz. 36, 24 and 12 h prior to infection, time of infection
(co-administration of TLR ligands and avian IBV) and 12 and 24 h post-IBV
infection. For studying the relative expression of immuno-stimulatory genes (IFN-α,
IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-1β, iNOS and OAS) in CAM, TLR ligands were administered through
intra-allantoicroute and CAM were collected at 4, 8 and 16 h post treatment. The
results demonstrated that intermediate dose of all the three TLR ligands
significantly reduced virus titers and used in the present study. However, the LPS
reduced virus titer pre- and post-IBV infection but Pam3CSK4 and CpG ODN reduced
only pre-IBV infection. Further analysis showed that TLR ligands induced IFN-γ, IL-
1β and IFN stimulated genes viz. iNOS and OAS genes in CAM. The present study
pointed towards the novel opportunities for rational design of LPS as immuno-
stimulatory agent in chickens with reference to IBV. It may be speculated that in
ovo administration of these TLR ligands may enhance resistance against viral
infection in neonatal chicken and may contribute towards the development of more
effective and safer vaccines including in ovo vaccines.
JO - Molecular Immunology
PB -
CY -
VL - 120
IS -
PG - 52-60
SP - 52
EP - 60
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2020.02.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Audio Interview: Preparing for the Spread of Covid-19
AU - Rubin, Eric J.
AU - Baden, Lindsey R.
AU - Morrissey, Stephen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - N Engl J Med
PB -
CY -
VL - 382
IS - 9
PG - e18-e18
SP - e18
EP - e18
AN - 32101683
DO - 10.1056/NEJMe2003319
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak
AU - Rothan, Hussin A.
AU - Byrareddy, Siddappa N.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-COV2 and represents the
causative agent of a potentially fatal disease that is of great global public
health concern. Based on the large number of infected people that were exposed to
the wet animal market in Wuhan City, China, it is suggested that this is likely the
zoonotic origin of COVID-19. Person-to-person transmission of COVID-19 infection
led to the isolation of patients that were subsequently administered a variety of
treatments. Extensive measures to reduce person-to-person transmission of COVID-19
have been implemented to control the current outbreak. Special attention and
efforts to protect or reduce transmission should be applied in susceptible
populations including children, health care providers, and elderly people. In this
review, we highlights the symptoms, epidemiology, transmission, pathogenesis,
phylogenetic analysis and future directions to control the spread of this fatal
disease.
JO - Journal of Autoimmunity
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 102433
SP - 102433
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The report of two cases infection with novel coronavirus (2019-ncov) after
kidney transplantation and the association literature analyzation
AU - QIU, Tao
AU - WANG, Jingyue
AU - ZHOU, Jiangqiao
AU - ZOU, Jilin
AU - CHEN, Zhongbao
AU - MA, Xiaoxiong
AU - ZHANG, Long
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective To investigate the clinical experience of patients with novel
coronavirus (2019-ncov) infection after kidney transplantation. Method Clinical
data of two patients with 2019-nCoV infection after renal transplantationin Jan
2020 Renmin Hospital of Wuhan Universiyt were retrospectively analyzed.Case 1 was a
48-year-old male with CMV pneumonia secondary to 2019-nCoV infection at 4 months
after transplantation. CT imaging showed multiple patchy ground-glass images of
both lungs. Case 2 was a 59-year-old male, who was screened positive for 2019-nCoV
nucleic acid due to fever at 9 days after renal transplantation and showed no
clinical manifestations of pneumonia. After diagnosis, case 1 was transferred to a
designated hospital for isolation. Treatment regimens: cefoperazone sulbactam
sodium + linezolid to resist infection, gamma globulin to enhance immunity
function, methylprednisolone to control inflammatory response, antiviral regimens
including arbidol tablets + lopina-velitonavir tablets. Case 2 was treated with
isolated treatment in a single room. The treatment plan included anti-infection
(cefoperazone sulbactam sodium), enhancing immunity function (gamma globulin),
antivirus therapy with arbidol and other symptomatic treatment. Result Follow up
with 3 weeks, case 1 recovered with renal dysfunction, nucleic acid test with
nasopharyngeal swabs turned negative, and pulmonary imaging improved. Case 2 showed
no obvious clinical symptoms, and the nucleic acid test of nasopharyngeal swabs
turned negative for 3 times. Conclusion Renal transplant recipients should receive
fine protection to avoid exposure to high-risk environments. Diagnosis should be
defined with combination of clinical manifestations, nucleic acid test and
pulmonary imaging. At present, there are no antiviral drugs and symptomatic
treatment is the main choice.
JO - Chinese Journal of Organ Transplantation
PB -
CY -
VL - 41
IS - 0
PG - E004-E004
SP - E004
EP - E004
AN -
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Distinct Roles for Sialoside and Protein Receptors in Coronavirus Infection
AU - Qing, Enya
AU - Hantak, Michael
AU - Gallagher, Tom
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Coronaviruses (CoVs) are common human and animal pathogens that can transmit
zoonotically and cause severe respiratory disease syndromes. CoV infection requires
spike proteins, which bind viruses to host cell receptors and catalyze virus-cell
membrane fusion. Several CoV strains have spike proteins with two receptor-binding
domains, an S1A that engages host sialic acids and an S1B that recognizes host
transmembrane proteins. As this bivalent binding may enable broad zoonotic CoV
infection, we aimed to identify roles for each receptor in distinct infection
stages. Focusing on two betacoronaviruses, murine JHM-CoV and human Middle East
respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), we found that virus particle binding
to cells was mediated by sialic acids; however, the transmembrane protein receptors
were required for a subsequent virus infection. These results favored a two-step
process in which viruses first adhere to sialic acids and then require subsequent
engagement with protein receptors during infectious cell entry. However, sialic
acids sufficiently facilitated the later stages of virus spread through cell-cell
membrane fusion, without requiring protein receptors. This virus spread in the
absence of the prototype protein receptors was increased by adaptive S1A mutations.
Overall, these findings reveal roles for sialic acids in virus-cell binding, viral
spike protein-directed cell-cell fusion, and resultant spread of CoV
infections.IMPORTANCE CoVs can transmit from animals to humans to cause serious
disease. This zoonotic transmission uses spike proteins, which bind CoVs to cells
with two receptor-binding domains. Here, we identified the roles for the two
binding processes in the CoV infection process. Binding to sialic acids promoted
infection and also supported the intercellular expansion of CoV infections through
syncytial development. Adaptive mutations in the sialic acid-binding spike domains
increased the intercellular expansion process. These findings raise the possibility
that the lectin-like properties of many CoVs contribute to facile zoonotic
transmission and intercellular spread within infected organisms.
JO - mBio
PB -
CY -
VL - 11
IS - 1
PG - e02764-19
SP - e02764
EP - 19
AN -
DO - 10.1128/mBio.02764-19
UR - http://mbio.asm.org/content/11/1/e02764-19.abstract
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Asymptomatic coronavirus infection: MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
AU - Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101608
SP - 101608
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - 2019-novel Coronavirus severe adult respiratory distress syndrome in two
cases in Italy: An uncommon radiological presentation
AU - Albarello, Fabrizio
AU - Pianura, Elisa
AU - Di Stefano, Federica
AU - Cristofaro, Massimo
AU - Petrone, Ada
AU - Marchioni, Luisa
AU - Palazzolo, Claudia
AU - Schininà, Vincenzo
AU - Nicastri, Emanuele
AU - Petrosillo, Nicola
AU - Campioni, Paolo
AU - Petersen, Eskild
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Introduction Several recent case reports have described common early chest
imaging findings of lung pathology caused by 2019 novel Coronavirus (SARS-COV2)
which appear to be similar to those seen previously in SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV
infected patients. Objective We present some remarkable imaging findings of the
first two patients identified in Italy with COVID-19 infection travelling from
Wuhan, China. The follow-up with chest X-Rays and CT scans was also included,
showing a progressive adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Results Moderate
to severe progression of the lung infiltrates, with increasing percentage of high-
density infiltrates sustained by a bilateral and multi-segmental extension of lung
opacities, were seen. During the follow-up, apart from pleural effusions, a tubular
and enlarged appearance of pulmonary vessels with a sudden caliber reduction was
seen, mainly found in the dichotomic tracts, where the center of a new insurgent
pulmonary lesion was seen. It could be an early alert radiological sign to predict
initial lung deterioration. Another uncommon element was the presence of
mediastinal lymphadenopathy with short-axis oval nodes. Conclusions Although only
two patients have been studied, these findings are consistent with the radiological
pattern described in literature. Finally, the pulmonary vessels enlargement in
areas where new lung infiltrates develop in the follow-up CT scan, could describe
an early predictor radiological sign of lung impairment.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Comparative Serological Study for the Prevalence of Anti-MERS Coronavirus
Antibodies in High- and Low-Risk Groups in Qatar
AU - Al Kahlout, Reham A.
AU - Nasrallah, Gheyath K.
AU - Farag, Elmoubasher A.
AU - Wang, Lingshu
AU - Lattwein, Erik
AU - Müller, Marcel A.
AU - El Zowalaty, Mohamed E.
AU - Al Romaihi, Hamad E.
AU - Graham, Barney S.
AU - Al Thani, Asmaa A.
AU - Yassine, Hadi M.
PY - 2019
PD -
N2 - Infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) could
be asymptomatic or cause mild influenza-like illness. Therefore, the prevalence of
MERS-CoV infections in the general population could be underestimated, which
necessitates active surveillance to determine the epidemiological importance of
asymptomatic cases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of various
serological assays and to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-MERS-CoV antibodies
in high- and low-risk groups in Qatar. A total of 4858 samples were screened,
including 4719 samples collected from healthy blood donors (BD) over a period of
five years (2012-2016), 135 samples from baseline case contacts (CC) collected from
individuals in close contact with three positive PCR-confirmed patients (CP), and
four samples from MERS-CoV CP. Initial screening using anti-MERS-CoV IgG (IgG rS1-
ELISA kit) revealed ten reactive samples from BD (10/4719, 0.21%), one from CC
(1/135, 0.74%), and three from CP (3/4, 75%). Samples from CP but not from BD were
also reactive by whole-virus anti-MERS-CoV IgG (n = 3/4) and IgM (n = 1/4) indirect
immunefluorescent tests (IIFT) and pseudoparticle neutralization test (ppNT). The
reactive sample from CC was also confirmed by ppNT. Surprisingly, one out of
thirteen (7.7%) randomly selected IgG rS1-ELISA-negative BD samples from the
initial screening was reactive by the IgM-IIFT (but not by the IgG-IIFT) and was
subsequently confirmed by ppNT. All IgG rS1-ELISA-reactive samples from BD
exhibited considerable reactivity to the four circulating human coronaviruses
(HKU1, OC43, 229E, and NL63). Cross-reactivity with SARS was only reported for
samples from CP using IgG and IgM-IIFT. In conclusion, we report a low prevalence
of anti-MERS antibodies in the general population, which coincides with the low
number of all reported cases by the time of our study (2017) in Qatar (n = 21). The
false-positive results and the observed cross-reactivity between MERS-CoV and other
circulating human coronavirus necessitate more detailed evaluation of available
serological assays.
JO - Journal of Immunology Research
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1-8
SP - 1
EP - 8
AN - 134769660. Language: English. Entry Date: In Process. Revision Date:
20190804. Publication Type: journal article. Journal Subset: Biomedical
DO - 10.1155/2019/1386740
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection: Chest CT
Findings
AU - Ajlan, Amr M.
AU - Ahyad, Rayan A.
AU - Jamjoom, Lamia Ghazi
AU - Alharthy, Ahmed
AU - Madani, Tariq A.
PY - 2014
PD -
N2 -
JO - American Journal of Roentgenology
PB -
CY -
VL - 203
IS - 4
PG - 782-787
SP - 782
EP - 787
Publication Type: Journal Article
DO - 10.2214/AJR.14.13021
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Correlation of Chest CT and RT-PCR Testing in Coronavirus Disease 2019
(COVID-19) in China: A Report of 1014 Cases
AU - Ai, Tao
AU - Yang, Zhenlu
AU - Hou, Hongyan
AU - Zhan, Chenao
AU - Chen, Chong
AU - Lv, Wenzhi
AU - Tao, Qian
AU - Sun, Ziyong
AU - Xia, Liming
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Background Chest CT is used for diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirus disease
(COVID-19), as an important complement to the reverse-transcription polymerase
chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests. Purpose To investigate the diagnostic value and
consistency of chest CT as compared with comparison to RT-PCR assay in COVID-19.
Methods From January 6 to February 6, 2020, 1014 patients in Wuhan, China who
underwent both chest CT and RT-PCR tests were included. With RT-PCR as reference
standard, the performance of chest CT in diagnosing COVID-19 was assessed. Besides,
for patients with multiple RT-PCR assays, the dynamic conversion of RT-PCR results
(negative to positive, positive to negative, respectively) was analyzed as compared
with serial chest CT scans for those with time-interval of 4 days or more. Results
Of 1014 patients, 59% (601/1014) had positive RT-PCR results, and 88% (888/1014)
had positive chest CT scans. The sensitivity of chest CT in suggesting COVID-19 was
97% (95%CI, 95-98%, 580/601 patients) based on positive RT-PCR results. In patients
with negative RT-PCR results, 75% (308/413) had positive chest CT findings; of 308,
48% were considered as highly likely cases, with 33% as probable cases. By analysis
of serial RT-PCR assays and CT scans, the mean interval time between the initial
negative to positive RT-PCR results was 5.1 ± 1.5 days; the initial positive to
subsequent negative RT-PCR result was 6.9 ± 2.3 days). 60% to 93% of cases had
initial positive CT consistent with COVID-19 prior (or parallel) to the initial
positive RT-PCR results. 42% (24/57) cases showed improvement in follow-up chest CT
scans before the RT-PCR results turning negative. Conclusion Chest CT has a high
sensitivity for diagnosis of COVID-19. Chest CT may be considered as a primary tool
for the current COVID-19 detection in epidemic areas.
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200642-200642
SP - 200642
EP - 200642
AN - 32101510
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200642
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19: Zoonotic aspects
AU - Ahmad, Tauseef
AU - Khan, Muhammad
AU - Haroon
AU - Musa, Taha Hussein
AU - Nasir, Saima
AU - Hui, Jin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101607
SP - 101607
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Evaluation of serologic and antigenic relationships between middle eastern
respiratory syndrome coronavirus and other coronaviruses to develop vaccine
platforms for the rapid response to emerging coronaviruses
AU - Agnihothram, Sudhakar
AU - Gopal, Robin
AU - Yount Jr, Boyd L.
AU - Donaldson, Eric F.
AU - Scobey, Trevor D.
AU - Denison, Mark R.
AU - Zambon, Maria
AU - Yount, Boyd L., Jr.
PY - 2014
PD -
N2 - Background: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged
in 2012, causing severe acute respiratory disease and pneumonia, with 44% mortality
among 136 cases to date. Design of vaccines to limit the virus spread or diagnostic
tests to track newly emerging strains requires knowledge of antigenic and serologic
relationships between MERS-CoV and other CoVs.Methods: Using synthetic genomics
and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicons (VRPs) expressing spike and
nucleocapsid proteins from MERS-CoV and other human and bat CoVs, we characterize
the antigenic responses (using Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)
and serologic responses (using neutralization assays) against 2 MERS-CoV isolates
in comparison with those of other human and bat CoVs.Results: Serologic and
neutralization responses against the spike glycoprotein were primarily strain
specific, with a very low level of cross-reactivity within or across subgroups. CoV
N proteins within but not across subgroups share cross-reactive epitopes with MERS-
CoV isolates. Our findings were validated using a convalescent-phase serum specimen
from a patient infected with MERS-CoV (NA 01) and human antiserum against SARS-CoV,
human CoV NL63, and human CoV OC43.Conclusions: Vaccine design for emerging CoVs
should involve chimeric spike protein containing neutralizing epitopes from
multiple virus strains across subgroups to reduce immune pathology, and a
diagnostic platform should include a panel of nucleocapsid and spike proteins from
phylogenetically distinct CoVs.
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB -
CY -
VL - 209
IS - 7
PG - 995-1006
SP - 995
EP - 1006
Publication Type: journal article
DO - 10.1093/infdis/jit609
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Burden of acute respiratory disease of epidemic and pandemic potential in the
WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: A literature review
AU - Abubakar, A.
AU - Malik, M.
AU - Pebody, R. G.
AU - Elkholy, A. A.
AU - Khan, W.
AU - Bellos, A.
AU - Mala, P.
PY - 2016
PD -
N2 - There are gaps in the knowledge about the burden of severe respiratory
disease in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). This literature review was
therefore conducted to describe the burden of epidemic-and pandemic-prone acute
respiratory infections (ARI) in the Region which may help in the development of
evidence-based disease prevention and control policies. Relevant published and
unpublished reports were identified from searches of various databases; 83
documents fulfilled the search criteria. The infections identified included: ARI,
avian influenza A(H5N1), influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and Middle East respiratory
syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection. Pneumonia and ARIs were leading causes
of disease and death in the Region. Influenza A(H1N1) was an important cause of
morbidity during the 2009 pandemic. This review provides a descriptive summary of
the burden of acute respiratory diseases in the Region, but there still remains a
lack of necessary data. On observe des lacunes en matière de connaissances
concernant la charge des maladies respiratoires sévères dans la Région de la
Méditerranée orientale. La présente analyse documentaire détaille la charge des
infections respiratoires aiguës (IRA) à potentiel épidémique et pandémique dans la
Région, ce qui peut aider à l'élaboration de politiques et programmes de prévention
et de lutte contre les maladies reposant sur des données factuelles. Des articles
pertinents publiés et non publiés ont été identifiés grâce à des recherches dans
différentes bases de données ; 83 documents satisfaisaient à nos critères de
recherche. Les infections identifiées comprenaient les infections respiratoires
aiguës (IRA), la grippe aviaire A(H5N1), la grippe A(H1N1)pdm09 et l'infection par
le coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (MERS-CoV). La pneumonie et
les IRA constituaient les principales causes de morbidité et de mortalité dans la
Région. La grippe A(H1N1) était une cause importante de morbidité durant la
pandémie de 2009. Cette analyse fournit un résumé descriptif de la charge des
maladies respiratoires aiguës dans la Région mais il existe toujours une lacune
concernant les donneés nécessaires à cet égard.
JO - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal
PB -
CY -
VL - 22
IS - 7
PG - 513-526
SP - 513
EP - 526
Publication Type: Article
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2019; 20: 275–76
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 20
IS - 3
PG - e27
SP - e27
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30071-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Airway management of COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Patients with severe and critical COVID-19 will develop into acute
respiratory distress syndrome in a short time. Noninvasive or invasive positive
pressure ventilation will be important means for those patients, which will help to
improve the clinical cure rate and reduce the mortality. Effective airway
management has a great significance to improve respiratory support, reduce
complications, and promote rehabilitation.
JO - Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 55
IS - 4
PG - E001-E001
SP - E001
EP - E001
AN - 32100976
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2020.04.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Strategies against the novel coronavirus: Possible applications of the
experimental Ebola drug remdesivir are being tested
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung
PB -
CY -
VL - 160
IS - 5
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China: clamp down on violations of wildlife trade ban
AU - Zhou, Z. M.
AU - Buesching, C. D.
AU - Macdonald, D. W.
AU - Newman, C.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL - 578
IS - 7794
PG - 217
SP - 217
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/d41586-020-00378-w
020-00378-w
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Anesthetic Management of Patients with Suspected 2019 Novel Coronavirus
Infection During Emergency Procedures
AU - Zhao, Shuai
AU - Ling, Ken
AU - Yan, Hong
AU - Zhong, Liang
AU - Peng, Xiaohong
AU - Yao, Shanglong
AU - Huang, Jiapeng
AU - Chen, Xiangdong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objectives To prevent cross-infection in the operating rooms by taking
anesthesia management procedures for emergency procedures in patients with
confirmed or suspected 2019-nCoV, and report clinical and anesthesia-related
characteristics of these patients. Design This was a retrospective, multicenter
clinical study. Setting This study used a multicenter dataset from four hospitals
in Wuhan, China. Participants Patients and healthcare providers with confirmed or
suspected 2019-nCoV from Jan 23 to Jan 31, 2020, at Wuhan Union Hospital, Wuhan
Children's Hospital, The Central Hospital of Wuhan and Wuhan Fourth Hospital in
Wuhan, China. Interventions Anesthetic management and infection control guidelines
for emergency procedures in patients with suspected 2019-nCoV were drafted and
applied in four hospitals in Wuhan. Measurements and Main Results Cross-infection
in the operating rooms of these four hospitals has been effectively reduced by
taking these measures and procedures. As for patients with laboratory-confirmed
2019-nCoV infection or suspected infection, majority of them were female (23 [62%]
of 37); with a mean age of 41.0 years old (SD, 19.6; range, 4 to 78). Ten (27%)
patients had chronic medical illness, including 4 (11%) with diabetes, 8 (22%) with
hypertension, and 8 (22%) with digestive system disease. Twenty-five (68%) patients
showed lymphopenia and 23 (62%) patients exhibited multiple mottling and ground-
glass opacity on CT scanning. Conclusions Our study indicated that 2019-nCoV
specific guidelines for emergency procedures in patients with confirmed or
suspected 2019-nCoV may effectively prevent cross-infection in the operating rooms.
Most patients with confirmed or suspected 2019-nCoV presented with fever, dry
cough, and developed bilateral multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity on chest
CT scans.
JO - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.02.039
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential Interventions for Novel Coronavirus in China: A Systematic Review
AU - Zhang, Lei
AU - Liu, Yunhui
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - An outbreak of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19 or 2019-CoV) infection has posed
significant threats to international health and the economy. In the absence of
treatment for this virus, there is an urgent need to find alternative methods to
control the spread of disease. Here, we have conducted an online search for all
treatment options related to coronavirus infections as well as some RNA virus
infection and we have found that general treatments, coronavirus-specific
treatments, and antiviral treatments should be useful in fighting COVID-19. We
suggest that the nutritional status of each infected patient should be evaluated
before the administration of general treatments and the current children's RNA
virus vaccines including influenza vaccine should be immunized for uninfected
people and health care workers. In addition, convalescent plasma should be given to
COVID-19 patients if it is available. In conclusion, we suggest that all the
potential interventions be implemented to control the emerging COVID-19 if the
infection is uncontrollable. This article is protected by copyright. All rights
reserved.
JO - J Med Virol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1002/jmv.25707
SP - 10.1002/jmv.25707
EP -
AN - 32052466
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25707
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A Systematic Review of Lopinavir Therapy for SARS Coronavirus and MERS
Coronavirus–A Possible Reference for Coronavirus Disease-19 Treatment Option
AU - Yao, Tian-Tian
AU - Qian, Jian-Dan
AU - Zhu, Wen-Yan
AU - Wang, Yan
AU - Wang, Gui-Qiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract In the past few decades, coronaviruses have risen as a global threat
to public health. Currently, the outbreak of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) from
Wuhan caused a worldwide panic. There are no specific antiviral therapies for
COVID-19. However, there are agents that were used during the SARS and MERS
epidemics. We could learn from SARS and MERS. Lopinavir (LPV) is an effective agent
that inhibits the protease activity of coronavirus. In this review, we discuss the
literature on the efficacy of LPV in vitro and in vivo, especially in patients with
SARS and MERS, so that we might clarify the potential for the use of LPV in
patients with COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights
reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25729
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Imaging and clinical features of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-
CoV-2
AU - Xu, Xi
AU - Yu, Chengcheng
AU - Qu, Jing
AU - Zhang, Lieguang
AU - Jiang, Songfeng
AU - Huang, Deyang
AU - Chen, Bihua
AU - Zhang, Zhiping
AU - Guan, Wanhua
AU - Ling, Zhoukun
AU - Jiang, Rui
AU - Hu, Tianli
AU - Ding, Yan
AU - Lin, Lin
AU - Gan, Qingxin
AU - Luo, Liangping
AU - Tang, Xiaoping
AU - Liu, Jinxin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The pneumonia caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, also called
2019-nCoV) recently break out in Wuhan, China, and was named as COVID-19. With the
spread of the disease, similar cases have also been confirmed in other regions of
China. We aimed to report the imaging and clinical characteristics of these
patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Guangzhou, China.
JO - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00259-020-04735-9
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-020-04735-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Comparison of different samples for 2019 novel coronavirus detection by
nucleic acid amplification tests
AU - Xie, Chunbao
AU - Jiang, Lingxi
AU - Huang, Guo
AU - Pu, Hong
AU - Gong, Bo
AU - Lin, He
AU - Ma, Shi
AU - Chen, Xuemei
AU - Long, Bo
AU - Si, Guo
AU - Yu, Hua
AU - Jiang, Li
AU - Yang, Xingxiang
AU - Shi, Yi
AU - Yang, Zhenglin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A severe respiratory ongoing outbreak of pneumonia associated with 2019 novel
coronavirus was recently emerged in China. Here, we reported the epidemiological,
clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics of 19 suspect cases. We
compared the positive ratio of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid amplification test from
different samples including oropharyngeal swab, blood, urine and stool with
3different Fluorescent RT-PCR kits. Nine out of the 19 patients were detected 2019-
nCoV infection using oropharyngeal swab samples, and the virus nucleic acid was
also detected in eight of these nine patients using stool samples. None of positive
results was identified in the blood and urine samples. Thses three different kits
got the same result for each sample and the positive ratio of nucleic acid
detection for 2019-nCoV was only 47.4% in the suspect patients. Therefore, it is
possible that the really infected patients have been missed by using nucleic acid
detection only. It might be better to make a diagnosis combining the Computed
Tomography scans and the nucleic acid detection together.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Dose prediction of lopinavir/ritonavir for 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
infection based on mathematic modeling
AU - Wiwanitkit, Sora Yasri
AU - Viroj
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - At present, lopinavir/ritonavir is widely used for possible treatment of
2019-nCoV infection in countries that the emerging infection exists. Here, the
authors used a mathematical modelling theoretical approach to predict the
expectedproper dosage of lopinavir/ritonavir for possible treatment of 2019-nCoV
infection. The protocol for mathematical modeling in this work is the same as
previous report by Wiwanitkit et al[5]. Briefly, the primary agreement was there
had to be a specific amount of required energy for reaction between
lopinavir/ritonavir and its target enzyme and this energy is a specific constant
for the reaction. Based on bonding theory, the required amount of
lopinavir/ritonavir was varied to the two substrates, lopinavir/ritonavir and
target, protease. Here, the simple equation ‘A + B ? C where A was the target
enzyme, B was lopinavir/ritonavir and C was end product’ could be written.
JO - Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL - 13
IS - 3
PG - 137-138
SP - 137
EP - 138
AN -
DO - 10.4103/1995-7645.277815
UR - https://doaj.org/article/c8c87c0f25aa45ae992c01a963798f0e
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Imported cases of 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections in Thailand:
Mathematical modelling of the outbreak
AU - Wiwanitkit, Pathum Sookaromdee
AU - Viroj
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - 'Imported cases of 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections in Thailand:
Mathematical modelling of the outbreak' in DOAJ. DOAJ is an online directory that
indexes and provides access to quality open access, peer-reviewed journals.
PB -
CY -
VL - 13
IS - 3
PG - 139-140
SP - 139
EP - 140
AN -
DO - 10.4103/1995-7645.277516
UR - https://doaj.org/article/71e7f0ef3726477e9f2291e9fcdfd34e
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Antiviral Action of Tryptanthrin Isolated from Strobilanthes cusia Leaf
against Human Coronavirus NL63 Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2): First
Evidences From International Scientific Literature and Pending Questions
AU - Tsai, Yu-Chi
AU - Lee, Chia-Lin
AU - Yen, Hung-Rong
AU - Chang, Young-Sheng
AU - Lin, Yu-Ping
AU - Huang, Su-Hua
AU - Lin, Cheng-Wen
AU - Amodio, Emanuele
AU - Vitale, Francesco
AU - Cimino, Livia
AU - Casuccio, Alessandra
AU - Tramuto, Fabio
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Strobilanthes cusia (Nees) Kuntze is a Chinese herbal medicine used in the
treatment of respiratory virus infections. The methanol extract of S. cusia leaf
contains chemical components such as β-sitosterol, indirubin, tryptanthrin,
betulin, indigodole A, and indigodole B that have diverse biological activities.
However, the antiviral action of S. cusia leaf and its components against human
coronavirus remains to be elucidated. Human coronavirus NL63 infection is frequent
among immunocompromised individuals, young children, and in the elderly. This study
investigated the anti-Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63) activity of the methanol
extract of S. cusia leaf and its major components. The methanol extract of S. cusia
leaf effectively inhibited the cytopathic effect (CPE) and virus yield (IC50 = 0.64
μg/mL) in HCoV-NL63-infected cells. Moreover, this extract potently inhibited
the HCoV-NL63 infection in a concentration-dependent manner. Among the six
components identified in the methanol extract of S. cusia leaf, tryptanthrin and
indigodole B (5aR-ethyltryptanthrin) exhibited potent antiviral activity in
reducing the CPE and progeny virus production. The IC50 values against virus yield
were 1.52 μM and 2.60 μM for tryptanthrin and indigodole B, respectively.
Different modes of time-of-addition/removal assay indicated that tryptanthrin
prevented the early and late stages of HCoV-NL63 replication, particularly by
blocking viral RNA genome synthesis and papain-like protease 2 activity. Notably,
tryptanthrin (IC50 = 0.06 μM) and indigodole B (IC50 = 2.09 μM) exhibited
strong virucidal activity as well. This study identified tryptanthrin as the key
active component of S. cusia leaf methanol extract that acted against HCoV-NL63 in
a cell-type independent manner. The results specify that tryptanthrin possesses
antiviral potential against HCoV-NL63 infection. On 31 December, 2019, a cluster of
27 pneumonia cases of unknown etiology was reported by Chinese health authorities
in Wuhan City (China) [...]
JO - Biomolecules
PB -
CY -
VL - 10
IS - 3
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/biom10030366 10.3390/healthcare8010051
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Pulmonary pathology of early phase 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19)
pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer
AU - Tian, Sufang
AU - Hu, Weidong
AU - Niu, Li
AU - Liu, Huan
AU - Xu, Haibo
AU - Xiao, Shu-Yuan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - There is currently a lack of pathologic data on the novel coronavirus (SARS-
CoV-2) pneumonia, or COVID-19, from autopsy or biopsy. Two patients who recently
underwent lung lobectomies for adenocarcinoma were retrospectively found to have
had COVID-19 at the time of surgery. These two cases thus provide important first
opportunities to study the pathology of COVID-19. Pathologic examinations revealed
that, apart from the tumors, the lungs of both patients exhibited edema,
proteinaceous exudate, focal reactive hyperplasia of pneumocytes with patchy
inflammatory cellular infiltration, and multinucleated giant cells. Hyaline
membranes were not prominent. Since both patients did not exhibit symptoms of
pneumonia at the time of surgery, these changes likely represent an early phase of
the lung pathology of COVID-19 pneumonia.
JO - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2020.02.010
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The costs of secrecy
AU - Thorp, H. Holden
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - "Without freedom of speech there is no modern world, just a barbaric one.”
These words from China's most famous artist and activist, Ai Weiwei, have never
been more important. Ai Weiwei would probably agree that China's actions in the
coronavirus crisis require the voice of the scientific community, and he wouldn't
be surprised that getting folks to say something has been a challenge. I didn't
want to be the person to write this editorial. I felt that it would best come from
someone inside China with a direct connection to the situation. Such a person could
help dispel or reinforce the scraps of information coming from the intrepid
journalists and the few courageous eyewitnesses. But over the past few weeks, I've
been discouraged by the responses of such individuals who declined or didn't
respond to an invitation to write a forthcoming editorial about China's secrecy on
coronavirus. Some of these scientists and experts even expressed doubt that I'd
find such a gutsy author at any organization in China to write such a piece.
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL - 367
IS - 6481
PG - 959
SP - 959
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Latest assessment on COVID-19 from the European Centre for Disease Prevention
and Control (ECDC)
AU - team, Eurosurveillance editorial
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 2002271
SP - 2002271
EP -
AN -
UR - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.8.2002271
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emerging and re-emerging human infectious diseases: A systematic review of
the role of wild animals with a focus on public health impact
AU - Siqueira-Batista, Marli C. Cupertino
AU - Michely, B. Resende
AU - Nicholas, A. J. Mayer
AU - Lorendane, M. Carvalho
AU - Rodrigo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Infectious diseases continue to impose unpredictable burdens on global health
and economies, a subject that requires constant research and updates. In this
sense, the objective of the present article was to review studies on the role of
wild animals as reservoirs and/or dispersers of etiological agents of human
infectious diseases in order to compile data on the main wild animals and
etiological agents involved in zoonotic outbreaks. A systematic review was carried
out using PRISMA guidelines, using the PubMed, Scopus and SciELO platforms as data
banks. The descriptors used were “zoonosis”, “human infectious diseases” and “wild
animals”. The results show that wild animals (mainly bats, birds and primates) play
an important role in the dissemination of etiological agents (mainly viruses, as a
new coronavirus called 2019 Novel Coronavirus) in extensive geographic regions.
Moreover, these wild animal organisms can act as the site for essential biotic
synergy among several pathogenic microorganisms, promoting a higher rate of
adaptation, mutation and even genetic recombination, with consequent stimulation of
new strains and subtypes, inducing new infectious agents with unknown virulent
potential. In conclusion, the monitoring of these diseases and adequate preparation
for possible epidemics and pandemics are fundamental conditions for the mitigation
of their future impact. The zoonotic threat of these etiological agents and the
impact on public health can be enormous as shown by the ongoing epidemic of 2019
novel coronavirus (2019- nCoV) infections.
PB -
CY -
VL - 13
IS - 3
PG - 99-106
SP - 99
EP - 106
AN -
DO - 10.4103/1995-7645.277535
UR - https://doaj.org/article/8a8778f26bd64faf8fcc11470ae75895
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Nepal’s First Case of COVID-19 and public health response
AU - Shrestha, Ranish
AU - Shrestha, Sunil
AU - Khanal, Pratik
AU - Bhuvan, K. C.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - SARS, in 2003, spread both within a geographical region and, more
significantly, to different cities from a single location, through infected
travelers.4 The air-travel frequency from major cities in China to Nepal is lower
compared to that of other countries.5 However, there are other factors to consider.
Firstly, Nepal is an emerging tourist destination and 2020 has been declared “Visit
Nepal” year with an expected 500,000 tourists. Among the total number of tourists
in 2018, 153633, the second-highest number, were Chinese tourists, with the highest
influx during February and December.6 COVID-19 outbreak coincides (similar to SARS)
with Chinese new year during which the Chinese travel extensively, increasing
chances for transmission.7 Study into coronavirus infections in Nepal, has shown
the incidence to be higher in winter (DecemberFebruary).8 Furthermore, Nepal shares
northern border with China with several border crossing points. Several Nepalese
students study in China and in Wuhan, the epicenter of the outbreak. Thus, the
potential for the spread of COVID-19 through travel and the overlap between the
months of peak tourist season in Nepal and the months of the emergence of the
epidemic could pose a risk to Nepal. One confirmed case in Nepal was a Nepalese
student, studying in Wuhan, with symptom-onset on January 3. The infected 32-year-
old male had returned on January 9 to spend winter holidays in Nepal. He had prior
knowledge about the outbreak in China and visited the Sukraraj Tropical (truncated)
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/jtm/taaa024
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The indispensable role of emergency medicine in national preparedness for
high consequence infectious diseases (HCIDs)
AU - Sánchez, Sarimer M.
AU - Shenoy, Erica S.
AU - Biddinger, Paul D.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/emp2.12041 Within weeks of the first cases, a series of papers were
released detailing the epidemiology of the disease (now termed COVID‐19) [1-3]. By
early January 2020 the virus was identified and the sequence determined. The virus
(termed SARS‐
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12041
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Authors’ response: Plenty of coronaviruses but no SARS-CoV-2
AU - Reusken, Chantal B
AU - Haagmans, Bart
AU - Meijer, Adam
AU - Corman, Victor M
AU - Papa, Anna
AU - Charrel, Remi
AU - Koopmans, Marion
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 2000197
SP - 2000197
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Emergence of a novel human coronavirus threatening human health
AU - Peiris, Malik
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In late December 2019, a cluster of patients with ‘atypical pneumonia’ of
unknown etiology was reported in Wuhan, China. A novel human coronavirus, now
provisionally called ‘SARS-CoV-2’, was identified as the cause of this disease, now
named ‘COVID-19’.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41591-020-0796-5
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0796-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Recent discovery and development of inhibitors targeting coronaviruses
AU - Pillaiyar, T.
AU - Meenakshisundaram, S.
AU - Manickam, M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Human coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense
single-stranded RNA genome. Currently, six human CoVs have been reported including
human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), OC43 (HCoV-OC43), NL63 (HCoV-NL63), HKU1 (HCoV-
HKU1), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and
MiddleEast respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (MERS-CoV). They cause moderate
to severe respiratory and intestinal infections in humans. In this review, we focus
on recent advances in the research and development of small-molecule anti-human
coronavirus therapies targeting different stages of the CoV life cycle. Recent
advances in the research and development of small-molecule anti-human coronavirus
therapies.
JO - Drug Discovery Today
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.01.015
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2020.01.015
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19: Lessons from SARS and MERS
AU - Park, Mirae
AU - Thwaites, Ryan S.
AU - Openshaw, Peter J. M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Within weeks of the first cases, a series of papers were released detailing
the epidemiology of the disease (now termed COVID‐19) [1-3]. By early January 2020
the virus was identified and the sequence determined. The virus (termed SARS‐CoV‐2)
shares 88% sequence identity to two coronaviruses found in bats, bat‐SLCoVZC45 and
bat‐SL‐CoVZXC21, 79% identity with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
coronavirus and 50% identity with Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)
coronavirus [4]. From the first cohort of patients, 8 complete genomes were 99.9%
identical in sequence. Given that the typical RNA coronavirus evolves at a rate of
104 nucleotide substitutions per year, this suggests a recent single source
emergence in early December or late November 2019 [4]. SARS‐CoV‐2 is thought to be
transmitted via contaminated hands, surfaces and aerosolised droplets; extensive
human‐to‐human transmission is evident, with clusters of infected families and
medical staff [5]. The number of confirmed cases has increased rapidly, at a rate
that far outstripped the rate of rise of cases of SARS in 2002/3, raising serious
global health concerns. By the 21st January, COVID‐19 cases were widespread across
mainland China, soon spreading beyond the Chinese borders.
JO - European Journal of Immunology
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/eji.202070035
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.202070035
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Early transmission patterns of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in
travellers from Wuhan to Thailand, January 2020
AU - Okada, Pilailuk
AU - Buathong, Rome
AU - Phuygun, Siripaporn
AU - Thanadachakul, Thanutsapa
AU - Parnmen, Sittiporn
AU - Wongboot, Warawan
AU - Waicharoen, Sunthareeya
AU - Wacharapluesadee, Supaporn
AU - Uttayamakul, Sumonmal
AU - Vachiraphan, Apichart
AU - Chittaganpitch, Malinee
AU - Mekha, Nanthawan
AU - Janejai, Noppavan
AU - Iamsirithaworn, Sopon
AU - Lee, Raphael TC
AU - Maurer-Stroh, Sebastian
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 2000097
SP - 2000097
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Singapore claims first use of antibody test to track coronavirus infections |
Science | AAAS
AU - Normile, Dennis
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In what appears to be a first, disease trackers in Singapore have used an
experimental antibody test for COVID-19 to confirm that a suspected patient was
infected with the coronavirus. The patient was one of two people who together
formed a missing link between two clusters of cases that each occurred in a
Singaporean church. Researchers around the world are racing to develop antibody
tests, also called serological tests, that can confirm whether someone was infected
even after their immune system has cleared the virus that causes COVID-19. The
group that developed the test, at Duke-NUS Medical School in Singapore, is among
the front-runners, although its assay has to be validated before it is taken into
production and deployed widely.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/singapore-claims-first-use-antibody-
test-track-coronavirus-infections
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a one health issue
AU - Marty, Aileen Maria
AU - Jones, Malcolm K.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - One Health
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS -
PG - 100123
SP - 100123
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Secondary attack rate and superspreading events for SARS-CoV-2
AU - Liu, Yang
AU - Eggo, Rosalind M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30462-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Structure-based stabilization of non-native protein-protein interactions of
coronavirus nucleocapsid proteins in antiviral drug design
AU - Lin, Shan-Meng
AU - Lin, Shih-Chao
AU - Hsu, Jia-Ning
AU - Chang, Chung-ke
AU - Chien, Ching-Ming
AU - Wang, Yong-Sheng
AU - Wu, Hung-Yi
AU - Jeng, U. Ser
AU - Kehn-Hall, Kylene
AU - Hou, Ming-hon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Structure-based stabilization of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is a
promising strategy for drug discovery. However, this approach has mainly focused on
the stabilization of native PPIs and non-native PPIs have received little
consideration. Here, we identified a non-native interaction interface on the 3D
dimeric structure of the N-terminal domain of the MERS-CoV nucleocapsid protein
(MERS-CoV N-NTD). The interface formed a conserved hydrophobic cavity suitable for
targeted drug screening. By considering the hydrophobic complementarity during the
virtual screening step, we identified 5-benzyloxygramine as a new N protein PPI
orthosteric stabilizer that possesses both antiviral and N-NTD protein-stabilizing
activity. X-ray crystallography and small-angle X-ray scattering showed that 5-
benzyloxygramine stabilizes the N-NTD dimers through simultaneous hydrophobic
interactions to both partners, resulting in abnormal N protein oligomerization that
was further confirmed in the cell. This unique approach based on the identification
and stabilization of non-native PPIs of N protein could be applied towards drug
discovery against CoV diseases.
JO - Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01913
UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01913
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Development and Clinical Application of A Rapid IgM-IgG Combined Antibody
Test for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Diagnosis
AU - Li, Zhengtu
AU - Yi, Yongxiang
AU - Luo, Xiaomei
AU - Xiong, Nian
AU - Liu, Yang
AU - Li, Shaoqiang
AU - Sun, Ruilin
AU - Wang, Yanqun
AU - Hu, Bicheng
AU - Chen, Wei
AU - Zhang, Yongchen
AU - Wang, Jing
AU - Huang, Baofu
AU - Lin, Ye
AU - Yang, Jiasheng
AU - Cai, Wensheng
AU - Wang, Xuefeng
AU - Cheng, Jing
AU - Chen, Zhiqiang
AU - Sun, Kangjun
AU - Pan, Weimin
AU - Zhan, Zhifei
AU - Chen, Liyan
AU - Ye, Feng
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) quickly
spread all over China and to more than 20 other countries. Although the virus
(SARS-Cov-2) nucleic acid RT-PCR test has become the standard method for diagnosis
of SARS-CoV-2 infection, these real-time PCR test kits have many limitations. In
addition, high false negative rates were reported. There is an urgent need for an
accurate and rapid test method to quickly identify large number of infected
patients and asymptomatic carriers to prevent virus transmission and assure timely
treatment of patients. We have developed a rapid and simple point-of-care lateral
flow immunoassay which can detect IgM and IgG antibodies simultaneously against
SARS-CoV-2 virus in human blood within 15 minutes which can detect patients at
different infection stages. With this test kit, we carried out clinical studies to
validate its clinical efficacy uses. The clinical detection sensitivity and
specificity of this test were measured using blood samples collected from 397 PCR
confirmed COVID-19 patients and 128 negative patients at 8 different clinical
sites. The overall testing sensitivity was 88.66% and specificity was 90.63%. In
addition, we evaluated clinical diagnosis results obtained from different types of
venous and fingerstick blood samples. The results indicated great detection
consistency among samples from fingerstick blood, serum and plasma of venous blood.
The IgM-IgG combined assay has better utility and sensitivity compared with a
single IgM or IgG test. It can be used for the rapid screening of SARS-CoV-2
carriers, symptomatic or asymptomatic, in hospitals, clinics, and test
laboratories. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25727
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Evolutionary history, potential intermediate animal host, and cross-species
analyses of SARS-CoV-2
AU - Li, Xingguang
AU - Zai, Junjie
AU - Zhao, Qiang
AU - Nie, Qing
AU - Li, Yi
AU - Foley, Brian T.
AU - Chaillon, Antoine
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract To investigate the evolutionary history of the recent outbreak of
SARS-CoV-2 in China, a total of 70 genomes of virus strains from China and
elsewhere with sampling dates between 24 December 2019 and 3 February 2020 were
analyzed. To explore the potential intermediate animal host of the SARS-CoV-2
virus, we re-analyzed virome datasets from pangolins and representative SARS-
related coronaviruses isolates from bats, with particular attention paid to the
spike glycoprotein gene. We performed phylogenetic, split network, transmission
network, likelihood-mapping, and comparative analyses of the genomes. Based on
Bayesian time-scaled phylogenetic analysis using the tip-dating method, we
estimated the time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) and evolutionary rate
of SARS-CoV-2, which ranged from 22?24 November 2019 and 1.19?1.31 ? 10-3
substitutions per site per year, respectively. Our results also revealed that the
BetaCoV/bat/Yunnan/RaTG13/2013 virus was more similar to the SARS-CoV-2 virus than
the coronavirus obtained from the two pangolin samples (SRR10168377 and
SRR10168378). We also identified a unique peptide (PRRA) insertion in the human
SARS-CoV-2 virus, which may be involved in the proteolytic cleavage of the spike
protein by cellular proteases, and thus could impact host range and
transmissibility. Interestingly, the coronavirus carried by pangolins did not have
the RRAR motif. Therefore, we concluded that the human SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is
responsible for the recent outbreak of COVID-19, did not come directly from
pangolins. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25731
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Wuhan novel coronavirus (COVID-19): why global control is challenging?
AU - Lee, A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Public Health
PB -
CY -
VL - 179
IS -
PG - A1-A2
SP - A1
EP - A2
AN -
DO - 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.02.001
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.02.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Preprints bring ‘firehose’ of outbreak data
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The Wu-han Clan is just one example of how the COVID-19 outbreak is
transforming how scientists communicate about fast-moving health crises. A torrent
of data is being released daily by preprint servers that didn't even exist a decade
ago, then dissected on platforms such as Slack and Twitter, and in the media,
before formal peer review begins. Journal staffers are working overtime to get
manuscripts reviewed, edited, and published at record speeds. The venerable New
England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) posted one COVID-19 paper within 48 hours of
submission. Viral genomes posted on a platform named GISAID, more than 200 so far,
are analyzed instantaneously by a phalanx of evolutionary biologists who share
their phylogenetic trees in preprints and on social media.
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL - 367
IS - 6481
PG - 963
SP - 963
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1126/science.367.6481.963
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Trust is a key factor in the willingness of health professionals to work
during the COVID-19 outbreak: Experience from the H1N1 pandemic in Japan 2009
AU - Imai, Hissei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On May 16, 2009, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital admitted the first
domestically infected patient in Japan. The number of patients who were suspected
as having H1N1 influenza grew to 1687 within two weeks. On May 27, when the mayor
of Kobe city declared the emergency had subsided. The World Health Organization
(WHO) declared H1N1 influenza as a pandemic on June 11, 2009. Details of this are
described elsewhere4,5 . I am a psychiatrist but also worked at an outpatient unit
that screened for H1N1 was worried about being infected. However, the chief of my
department led the way by personally consulting at the outpatient unit, which
motivated me to join as well. My experience made me conduct a cross-sectional
survey about the willingness and hesitation to work during the H1N1 pandemic with
3635 employees at three core hospitals in Kobe city between June and July, 20096 .
JO - Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1111/pcn.12995
UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12995
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus puts drug repurposing on the fast track
AU - Harrison, Charlotte
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Existing antivirals and knowledge gained from the SARS and MERS outbreaks
gain traction as the fastest route to fight the current coronavirus epidemic.
Existing antivirals and knowledge gained from the SARS and MERS outbreaks gain
traction as the fastest route to fight the current coronavirus epidemic.
JO - Nature Biotechnology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41587-020-00003-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Identification of Coronavirus Isolated from a Patient in Korea with COVID-19
AU - Han, Jeong-Min Kim
AU - Yoon-Seok, Chung
AU - Hye Jun, Jo
AU - Nam-Joo, Lee
AU - Mi Seon, Kim
AU - Sang Hee, Woo
AU - Sehee, Park
AU - Jee Woong, Kim
AU - Heui Man, Kim
AU - Myung, Guk
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objectives Following reports of patients with unexplained pneumonia at the
end of December 2019 in Wuhan, China, the causative agent was identified as
coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), and the 2019 novel coronavirus disease was named COVID-19
by the World Health Organization. Putative patients with COVID-19 have been
identified in South Korea, and attempts have been made to isolate the pathogen from
these patients. Methods Upper and lower respiratory tract secretion samples from
putative patients with COVID-19 were inoculated onto cells to isolate the virus.
Full genome sequencing and electron microscopy were used to identify the virus.
Results The virus replicated in Vero cells and cytopathic effects were observed.
Full genome sequencing showed that the virus genome exhibited sequence homology of
more than 99.9% with SARS-CoV-2 which was isolated from patients from other
countries, for instance China. Sequence homology of SARS-CoV-2 with SARS-CoV, and
MERS-CoV was 77.5% and 50%, respectively. Coronavirus-specific morphology was
observed by electron microscopy in virus-infected Vero cells. Conclusion SARS-CoV-2
was isolated from putative patients with unexplained pneumonia and intermittent
coughing and fever. The isolated virus was named BetaCoV/Korea/KCDC03/2020.
JO - Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
PB -
CY -
VL - 11
IS - 1
PG - 3-7
SP - 3
EP - 7
AN -
DO - 10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.1.02
UR - https://doaj.org/article/43e8e288b3e149479e47269e29514c67
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Daily briefing: When a tiny lab accident almost leads to amputation
AU - Graham, Flora
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Three weeks ago, on the basis of genetic analyses, pangolins became the prime
suspect as the animal source of the coronavirus that causes COVID-19. Further
analysis of those data — alongside three other genome studies of pangolin
coronaviruses — shows that although the scaly anteater is still a contender, the
link is far from conclusive. Whatever the source, scientists emphasize that animals
should not be vilified for their role in the outbreak. “The problem is not the
animals, it’s that we get in contact with them,” says animal-behaviour researcher
Sara Platto. (Nature | 4 min read)
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00581-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Q&A: The novel coronavirus outbreak causing COVID-19 A mathematical model for
simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
AU - Fisher, Dale
AU - Heymann, David
AU - Chen, Tian-Mu
AU - Rui, Jia
AU - Wang, Qiu-Peng
AU - Zhao, Ze-Yu
AU - Cui, Jing-An
AU - Yin, Ling
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The virus responsible for COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, is in the species SARS-like
corona viruses. At 125?nm, it is slightly larger than influenza, SARS and MERS
viruses. It is almost certainly a descendant from a bat corona virus of which there
are many. The closest is a virus that originated from the Rhinolophus bat which is
>?96% homologous with the current SARS-CoV-2 virus. It is only 79% homologous with
the original SARS CoV [1].ID - Fisher2020 As reported by the World Health
Organization, a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was identified as the causative virus
of Wuhan pneumonia of unknown etiology by Chinese authorities on 7 January, 2020.
The virus was named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
by International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses on 11 February, 2020. This study
aimed to develop a mathematical model for calculating the transmissibility of the
virus.
JO - BMC Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL - 18
IS - 1
PG - 57
SP - 57
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1186/s12916-020-01533-w 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01533-w https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-
020-00640-3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) update: What we know and what is unknown
AU - Fasina, Folorunso Oludayo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Preliminary clinical features indicated that most of the infected patients
were men with underlying diseases (comorbidities) including diabetes, hypertension,
cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, malignancy and
chronic liver disease[6]. Patient presented with fever, cough, myalgia, sputum
production, headache, haemoptysis, diarrhea and dyspnea[6]. Person- to-person
transmission and familiar association have also been confirmed[7]. To date, a
diagnostic kit has been developed for 2019- nCoV[8], and efforts are ongoing to
develop other protocols. Whilst several important aspects of 2019-nCoV
epidemiology, virology, mode of transmission, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical
features, have been defined, there remain many unanswered questions, including
source, transmission and epidemic potential. The Wuhan outbreak is a stark reminder
of the continuing threat of zoonotic diseases.
PB -
CY -
VL - 13
IS - 3
PG - 97-98
SP - 97
EP - 98
AN -
DO - 10.4103/1995-7645.277795
UR - https://doaj.org/article/416441c7a5984dd698b05a89d055959f
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Virus emergentes y reemergentes: un nuevo reto para la salud mundial del
milenio
AU - Cuestas, María Lujan
AU - Minassian, María Laura
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Revista Argentina de Microbiología
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2020.02.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Rapid random access detection of the novel SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2,
previously 2019-nCoV) using an open access protocol for the Panther Fusion
AU - Cordes, Anne K.
AU - Heim, Albert
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 104305
SP - 104305
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104305
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Letter to the editor: Plenty of coronaviruses but no SARS-CoV-2
AU - Colson, Philippe
AU - Scola, Bernard La
AU - Esteves-Vieira, Vera
AU - Ninove, Laetitia
AU - Zandotti, Christine
AU - Jimeno, Marie-Thérèse
AU - Gazin, Céline
AU - Bedotto, Marielle
AU - Filosa, Véronique
AU - Giraud-Gatineau, Audrey
AU - Chaudet, Hervé
AU - Brouqui, Philippe
AU - Lagier, Jean-Christophe
AU - Raoult, Didier
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 2000171
SP - 2000171
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Strategies shift as coronavirus pandemic looms
AU - Cohen, Jon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The virus may be spreading stealthily in many more places. A modeling group
at Imperial College London has estimated that about two-thirds of the cases
exported from China have yet to be detected. As Science went to press, the World
Health Organization (WHO) still avoided using the word “pandemic” to describe the
burgeoning crisis, instead talking about “epidemics in different parts of the
world.” But many scientists say that regardless of what it's called, the window for
containment is now almost certainly shut. “It looks to me like this virus really
has escaped from China and is being transmitted quite widely,” says Christopher
Dye, an epidemiologist at the University of Oxford. “I'm now feeling much more
pessimistic that it can be controlled.” In the United States, “disruption to
everyday life might be severe,” Nancy Messonnier, who leads the coronavirus
response for the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, warned on 25
February. “We are asking the American public to work with us to prepare for the
expectation that this is going to be bad.”
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL - 367
IS - 6481
PG - 962
SP - 962
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1126/science.367.6481.962
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Effectiveness for the Response to COVID-19: The MERS Outbreak Containment
Procedures
AU - Cho, Hae-Wol
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In the current issue of Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives, 3
studies are presented dealing with COVID-19. A study by Kim et al, analyzed the
genetic information of the COVID-19 virus isolated from a patient in South Korea.
The virus was identified by real-time reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR followed by
Next Generation Sequencing of the full-length of the genome [5]. In an interim
report by the COVID-19 National Emergency Response Center of the KCDC,
epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in 28 cases in South Korea
were reported. There were 53.9% of cases who were males, with 16 cases in patients
who had traveled abroad, of which 11 cases (39.3%) were from Wuhan, China, and 12
of the remaining cases were believed to have been infected in South Korea. The
incubation period was 4.8 days. Most secondary infected cases were from family
members outside the family home (66.7%) and within the family home (75%) [6].
PB -
CY -
VL - 11
IS - 1
PG - 1-2
SP - 1
EP - 2
AN -
DO - 10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.1.01
UR - https://doaj.org/article/1d900bd7dc284812aaf0f13462d57919
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy for COVID-19
AU - Chen, Long
AU - Xiong, Jing
AU - Bao, Lei
AU - Shi, Yuan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30141-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Differential diagnosis of illness in patients under investigation for the
novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), Italy, February 2020
AU - Bordi, Licia
AU - Nicastri, Emanuele
AU - Scorzolini, Laura
AU - Caro, Antonino Di
AU - Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria
AU - Castilletti, Concetta
AU - Lalle, Eleonora
AU - group, on behalf of INMI COVID-19 study
AU - Centers2, Collaborating
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 25
IS - 8
PG - 2000170
SP - 2000170
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - On the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak and the Smart City Network: Universal
Data Sharing Standards Coupled with Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Benefit Urban
Health Monitoring and Management Epidemiological Identification of A Novel Pathogen
in Real Time: Analysis of the Atypical Pneumonia Outbreak in Wuhan, China, 2019—
2020
AU - Allam, Zaheer
AU - Jones, David S.
AU - Jung, Sung-mok
AU - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU - Thompson, N. Robin
AU - Yang, Yichi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As the Coronavirus (COVID-19) expands its impact from China, expanding its
catchment into surrounding regions and other countries, increased national and
international measures are being taken to contain the outbreak. The placing of
entire cities in ‘lockdown’ directly affects urban economies on a
multi-lateral level, including from social and economic standpoints. This is being
emphasised as the outbreak gains ground in other countries, leading towards a
global health emergency, and as global collaboration is sought in numerous
quarters. However, while effective protocols in regard to the sharing of health
data is emphasised, urban data, on the other hand, specifically relating to urban
health and safe city concepts, is still viewed from a nationalist perspective as
solely benefiting a nation’s economy and its economic and political
influence. This perspective paper, written one month after detection and during the
outbreak, surveys the virus outbreak from an urban standpoint and advances how
smart city networks should work towards enhancing standardization protocols for
increased data sharing in the event of outbreaks or disasters, leading to better
global understanding and management of the same. Virological tests have now shown
conclusively that a novel coronavirus is causing the 2019–2020 atypical
pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China. We demonstrate that non-virological descriptive
characteristics could have determined that the outbreak is caused by a novel
pathogen in advance of virological testing. Characteristics of the ongoing outbreak
were collected in real time from two medical social media sites. These were
compared against characteristics of eleven pathogens that have previously caused
cases of atypical pneumonia. The probability that the current outbreak is due to
“Disease X” (i.e., previously unknown etiology) as opposed to one of
the known pathogens was inferred, and this estimate was updated as the outbreak
continued. The probability (expressed as a percentage) that Disease X is driving
the outbreak was assessed as over 29% on 31 December 2019, one week before virus
identification. After some specific pathogens were ruled out by laboratory tests on
5 January 2020, the inferred probability of Disease X was over 49%. We showed
quantitatively that the emerging outbreak of atypical pneumonia cases is consistent
with causation by a novel pathogen. The proposed approach, which uses only
routinely observed non-virological data, can aid ongoing risk assessments in
advance of virological test results becoming available.
JO - Healthcare
PB -
CY -
VL - 8
IS - 1
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/healthcare8010046ER - Y - EJOU 10.3390/jcm9030637ER -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Contact Transmission of COVID-19 in South Korea: Novel Investigation
Techniques for Tracing Contacts
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In the epidemiological investigation of an infectious disease, investigating,
classifying, tracking, and managing contacts by identifying the patient’s route are
important for preventing further transmission of the disease. However, omissions
and errors in previous activities can occur when the investigation is performed
through only a proxy interview with the patient. To overcome these limitations,
methods that can objectively verify the patient’s claims (medical facility records,
Global Positioning System, card transactions, and closed-circuit television) were
used for the recent ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 contact investigations in
South Korea.
PB -
CY -
VL - 11
IS - 1
PG - 60-63
SP - 60
EP - 63
AN -
DO - 10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.1.09
UR - https://doaj.org/article/d01ade466928421baf9f327c6ac1162b
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Early Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of 28 Cases of Coronavirus
Disease in South Korea
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The first confirmed case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in South
Korea was reported in January 2020, with 28 confirmed cases reported as of February
14th, 2020. The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of all 28 cases were
analyzed in response to this disease. Methods The epidemiological characteristics
and early clinical features of the 28 patients from Korea with confirmed COVID-19
were analyzed using COVID-19 reporting and surveillance data and the
epidemiological investigation reports prepared by the rapid response team. Results
There were 16 patients that entered Korea from foreign countries: Wuhan, China (11
patients), Zhuhai, China, (1 patient), Singapore (2 patients), Japan (1 patient),
and Thailand (1 patient). The early symptoms were fever, sore throat, cough or
sputum production, chills, and muscle ache. Three patients were asymptomatic,
however, 18 developed pneumonia. Of the 28 cases, 16 were index cases imported from
abroad, with 10 cases of secondary infection originating in Korea, and the route of
transmission still under investigation for 2 patients. The 10 patients with
secondary infection were infected from contact with family members or acquaintances
of primary patients, and the suspected sites of transmission were mostly at home.
Conclusion COVID-19 in Korea was spread by 16 infected individuals traveling from
other countries, leading to second-generation cases. The initial symptoms were
mostly minor, but the disease was infectious at this stage, resulting from close
contact, particularly at home. Establishing an early detection strategy for COVID-
19 is crucial for managing the transmission of the disease.
PB -
CY -
VL - 11
IS - 1
PG - 8-14
SP - 8
EP - 14
AN -
DO - 10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.1.03
UR - https://doaj.org/article/cd3fb98d14054e4a92c87455125bef89
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19: combining antiviral and anti-inflammatory treatments
AU - Stebbing, Justin
AU - Phelan, Anne
AU - Griffin, Ivan
AU - Tucker, Catherine
AU - Oechsle, Olly
AU - Smith, Dan
AU - Richardson, Peter
PY -
PD -
N2 - Both coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and severe acute respiratory
syndrome (SARS) are characterised by an overexuberant inflammatory response and,
for SARS, viral load is not correlated with the worsening of symptoms. In our
previous Correspondence to The Lancet, we described how BenevolentAI's proprietary
artificial intelligence (AI)-derived knowledge graph, queried by a suite of
algorithms, enabled identification of a target and a potential therapeutic against
SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; the causative organism in COVID-19). We identified
a group of approved drugs that could inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis and
thereby inhibit viral infection of cells (appendix). The drug targets are members
of the numb-associated kinase (NAK) family—including AAK1 and GAK—the inhibition of
which has been shown to reduce viral infection in vitro. Baricitinib was identified
as a NAK inhibitor, with a particularly high affinity for AAK1, a pivotal regulator
of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. We suggested that this drug could be of use in
countering SARS-CoV-2 infections, subject to appropriate clinical testing.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30132-8
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30132-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Looming threat of COVID-19 infection in Africa: act collectively, and fast
AU - Nkengasong, John N.
AU - Mankoula, Wessam
PY -
PD -
N2 - Models that enable the continent to better allocate scarce resources to
better prepare and respond to the COVID-19 epidemic are crucial. The modelling
study by Marius Gilbert and colleagues in The Lancet identifies each African
country's risk of importation of COVID-19 from China, using data on the volume of
air travel from three airports in provinces in China to African countries. Gilbert
and colleagues use two indicators to determine the capacity of countries to detect
and respond to cases: preparedness, using the WHO International Health Regulations
Monitoring and Evaluation Framework; and vulnerability, using the Infectious
Disease Vulnerability Index. Based on their analysis, Egypt, Algeria, and South
Africa had the highest importation risk, and a moderate to high capacity to respond
to outbreaks. Nigeria, Ethiopia, Sudan, Angola, Tanzania, Ghana, and Kenya had
moderate risk with variable capacity and high vulnerability. In the model, the risk
mainly originates from Guangdong, Fujian, and Beijing. The study provides a
valuable tool that can help countries in Africa prioritise and allocate resources
as they prepare to respond to the potential introduction and spread of COVID-19.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30464-5
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30464-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Lessons for managing high-consequence infections from first COVID-19 cases in
the UK
AU - Moss, Peter
AU - Barlow, Gavin
AU - Easom, Nicholas
AU - Lillie, Patrick
AU - Samson, Anda
PY -
PD -
N2 - These first UK cases of COVID-19 raise important points about the management
of cases of HCID in England. The decision to test for SARS-CoV-2 is based on a
clinical and epidemiological case definition, and testing is only approved if this
is met. When tested, neither of these people clearly met the current case
definition, and had criteria been strictly applied, testing might not have been
done. A decision to test was made because of high clinical suspicion and in
response to latest available information about the distribution of infection. It is
important that testing is appropriately targeted, and this is best done by applying
clear case definitions. However, with any newly emerging infection, case
definitions must evolve rapidly as information accrues. There should also be room
for flexibility on the basis of discussion with clinical and public health experts
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30463-3
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30463-3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19: preparing for superspreader potential among Umrah pilgrims to Saudi
Arabia
AU - Ebrahim, Shahul H.
AU - Memish, Ziad A.
PY -
PD -
N2 - The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is a Public Health
Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), and the emergence of new epicentres of
spread, such as South Korea and Iran, besides Wuhan, China, should draw attention
to potential superspreader events.Of concern is the continuous Umrah pilgrimage to
Saudi Arabia by Muslim pilgrims from more than 180 countries. In addition to the
non-pilgrim air traffic (39 million people in 2018), Saudi Arabia received 7·5
million Umrah visa holders in 2019
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30466-9
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30466-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - News
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Chinese scientists released genetic information on the coronavirus causing an
outbreak of SARS-like illness in Wuhan, China. The Vaccine Research Institute at
the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) immediately began development of a new
vaccine. After the 2003 SARS outbreak, it took 20 months from the release of the
viral genome to get a vaccine ready for human trials. The zika virus took six
months. Now, the NIH is pushing to have a vaccine ready for testing in three to six
months. The race is on. The NIH team took the template for a SARS vaccine and
swapped enough code from the new virus to start a new vaccine. Researchers, having
experience with SARS, already knew which part of the virus to choose for the
vaccine’s antigen, a sort of red flag for the immune system. This synthetic antigen
will prod the body to make antibodies.
JO - Chemistry & Industry
PB -
CY -
VL - 84
IS - 2
PG - 5-17
SP - 5
EP - 17
AN -
DO - 10.1002/cind.842_3.x
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/cind.842_3.x
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The novel Chinese coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - European Journal of Clinical Investigation
PB -
CY -
VL - 50
IS - 3
PG - e13135
SP - e13135
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1111/eci.13135
UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.13135
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The 2019 Novel Coronavirus: A Crown Jewel of Pandemics?
AU - Azamfirei, R.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of critical care medicine (Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie din
Targu-Mures)
PB -
CY -
VL - 6
IS - 1
PG - 3-4
SP - 3
EP - 4
AN - 32104726
DO - 10.2478/jccm-2020-0013
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Development of epitope-based peptide vaccine against novel Coronavirus 2019
(SARS-COV-2): Immunoinformatics approach
AU - Bhattacharya, Manojit
AU - Ranjan Sharma, Ashish
AU - Patra, Prasanta
AU - Ghosh, Pratik
AU - Sharma, Garima
AU - Chandra Patra, Bidhan
AU - Lee, Sang-Soo
AU - Chakraborty, Chiranjib
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - ABSTRACT Recently, a novel Coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) emerged which is
responsible for the recent outbreak in Wuhan, China. Genetically, it is closely
related to the SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The situation is getting worse and worse,
therefore, there is an urgent need for designing a suitable peptide vaccine
component against the SARS-COV-2. Here, we characterized spike glycoprotein to
obtain immunogenic epitopes. Next, we chose 13 Major Histocompatibility Complex-
(MHC) I and 3 MHC-II epitopes, having antigenic properties. These epitopes are
usually linked to specific linkers to build vaccine components and molecularly dock
on Toll-Like Receptor (TLR)-5 to get binding affinity. Therefore, in order to
provide a fast immunogenic profile of these epitopes we performed immunoinformatics
analysis so that rapid development of vaccine might bring this disastrous situation
to the end earlier. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PB -
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VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25736
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - How African migrants in China cope with barriers to health care
AU - Bodomo, Adams
AU - Liem, Andrian
AU - Lin, Lavinia
AU - Hall, Brian J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30048-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A Case Series of children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection: clinical and
epidemiological features
AU - Cai, J.
AU - Xu, J.
AU - Lin, D.
AU - Yang, Z.
AU - Xu, L.
AU - Qu, Z.
AU - Zhang, Y.
AU - Zhang, H.
AU - Jia, R.
AU - Liu, P.
AU - Wang, X.
AU - Ge, Y.
AU - Xia, A.
AU - Tian, H.
AU - Chang, H.
AU - Wang, C.
AU - Li, J.
AU - Wang, J.
AU - Zeng, M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - We first described the 2019 novel coronavirus infection in 10 children
occurring in areas other than Wuhan. The coronavirus diseases in children are
usually mild and epidemiological exposure is a key clue to recognize pediatric
case. Prolonged virus shedding is observed in respiratory tract and feces at the
convalescent stage.
JO - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious
Diseases Society of America
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 32112072
DO - 10.1093/cid/ciaa198
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Covid-19: preparedness, decentralisation, and the hunt for patient zero
AU - Carinci, F.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - bmj.m799
SP - bmj.m799
EP -
AN - 32111645
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m799
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The psychiatric impact of the novel coronavirus outbreak
AU - Carvalho, Poliana Moreira de Medeiros
AU - Moreira, Marcial Moreno
AU - de Oliveira, Matheus Nogueira Arcanjo
AU - Landim, José Marcondes Macedo
AU - Neto, Modesto Leite Rolim
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 112902
SP - 112902
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Indian pharma threatened by COVID-19 shutdowns in China
AU - Chatterjee, Patralekha
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As factories in China are closed, India is working to maintain supplies of
active pharmaceutical ingredients. Patralekha Chatterjee reports from New Delhi.
India supplies low-cost generic drugs to millions of people, both within and
outside the country. But Indian pharmaceutical companies procure almost 70% of the
active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) for their medicines from China, the
world's leading producer and exporter of APIs by volume. As factories in China are
closed to try to stem the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak, pharmaceutical
companies and the Indian Government are becoming concerned over the vulnerability
of the Indian pharmaceutical supply chain.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10225
PG - 675
SP - 675
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30459-1
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30459-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a
novel coronavirus
AU - Yin, Tian-Mu Chen
AU - Jia, Rui
AU - Qiu-Peng, Wang
AU - Ze-Yu, Zhao
AU - Jing-An, Cui
AU - Ling
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Background As reported by the World Health Organization, a novel coronavirus
(2019-nCoV) was identified as the causative virus of Wuhan pneumonia of unknown
etiology by Chinese authorities on 7 January, 2020. The virus was named as severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by International Committee on
Taxonomy of Viruses on 11 February, 2020. This study aimed to develop a
mathematical model for calculating the transmissibility of the virus. Methods In
this study, we developed a Bats-Hosts-Reservoir-People transmission network model
for simulating the potential transmission from the infection source (probably be
bats) to the human infection. Since the Bats-Hosts-Reservoir network was hard to
explore clearly and public concerns were focusing on the transmission from Huanan
Seafood Wholesale Market (reservoir) to people, we simplified the model as
Reservoir-People (RP) transmission network model. The next generation matrix
approach was adopted to calculate the basic reproduction number (R 0) from the RP
model to assess the transmissibility of the SARS-CoV-2. Results The value of R 0
was estimated of 2.30 from reservoir to person and 3.58 from person to person which
means that the expected number of secondary infections that result from introducing
a single infected individual into an otherwise susceptible population was 3.58.
Conclusions Our model showed that the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 was higher
than the Middle East respiratory syndrome in the Middle East countries, similar to
severe acute respiratory syndrome, but lower than MERS in the Republic of Korea.
JO - Infectious Diseases of Poverty
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 1
PG - 1-8
SP - 1
EP - 8
AN -
DO - 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
UR - https://doaj.org/article/2031d096522e44d4a4621ed0a4f66d14
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Detectable 2019-nCoV viral RNA in blood is a strong indicator for the further
clinical severity
AU - Chen, W.
AU - Lan, Y.
AU - Yuan, X.
AU - Deng, X.
AU - Li, Y.
AU - Cai, X.
AU - Li, L.
AU - He, R.
AU - Tan, Y.
AU - Gao, M.
AU - Tang, G.
AU - Zhao, L.
AU - Wang, J.
AU - Fan, Q.
AU - Wen, C.
AU - Tong, Y.
AU - Tang, Y.
AU - Hu, F.
AU - Li, F.
AU - Tang, X.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection caused pneumonia. we
retrospectively analyzed the virus presence in the pharyngeal swab, blood, and the
anal swab detected by real-time PCR in the clinical lab. Unexpectedly, the 2109-
nCoV RNA was readily detected in the blood (6 of 57 patients) and the anal swabs
(11 of 28 patients). Importantly, all of the 6 patients with detectable viral RNA
in the blood cohort progressed to severe symptom stage, indicating a strong
correlation of serum viral RNA with the disease severity (p-value = 0.0001).
Meanwhile, 8 of the 11 patients with annal swab virus-positive was in severe
clinical stage. However, the concentration of viral RNA in the anal swab (Ct value
= 24 + 39) was higher than in the blood (Ct value = 34 + 39) from patient 2,
suggesting that the virus might replicate in the digestive tract. Altogether, our
results confirmed the presence of virus RNA in extra-pulmonary sites.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 1
PG - 469-473
SP - 469
EP - 473
AN - 32102625
DO - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1732837
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - First two months of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) epidemic in
China: real-time surveillance and evaluation with a second derivative model
AU - Chen, Xinguang
AU - Yu, Bin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Similar to outbreaks of many other infectious diseases, success in
controlling the novel 2019 coronavirus infection requires a timely and accurate
monitoring of the epidemic, particularly during its early period with rather
limited data while the need for information increases explosively.
JO - Global Health Research and Policy
PB -
CY -
VL - 5
IS - 1
PG - 7
SP - 7
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1186/s41256-020-00137-4
UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-020-00137-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus just caused the American Physical Society to cancel its biggest
meeting of the year | Science | AAAS
AU - Cho, Adrian
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Citing the growing threat of the coronavirus, the American Physical Society
(APS), the 55,000 member professional society for physicists and researchers in
associated fields, cancelled its largest meeting of the year just 34 hours before
it was supposed to begin. APS’s March Meeting was to be held this week at the
Colorado Convention Center in Denver, and the society anticipated more than 10,000
people from all over the world would attend. However, late yesterday, APS issued a
statement abruptly calling off the meeting. “The decision to cancel was based on
the latest scientific data being reported, and the fact that a large number of
attendees at this meeting are coming from outside the U.S.,” including countries
where the virus is circulating and for which the U.S. Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention have advised people to avoid non-essential travel, the APS statement
says. “[T]his decision was made out of deep concern for the health and well-being
of our registrants, staff, vendors, and the Denver community.”
PB -
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VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/coronavirus-just-caused-american-
physical-society-cancel-its-biggest-meeting-year
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Genome Detective Coronavirus Typing Tool for rapid identification and
characterization of novel coronavirus genomes
AU - Cleemput, S.
AU - Dumon, W.
AU - Fonseca, V.
AU - Karim, W. A.
AU - Giovanetti, M.
AU - Alcantara, L. C.
AU - Deforche, K.
AU - de Oliveira, T.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - SUMMARY: Genome Detective is a web-based, user-friendly software application
to quickly and accurately assemble all known virus genomes from next generation
sequencing datasets. This application allows the identification of phylogenetic
clusters and genotypes from assembled genomes in FASTA format. Since its release in
2019, we have produced a number of typing tools for emergent viruses that have
caused large outbreaks, such as Zika and Yellow Fever Virus in Brazil. Here, we
present The Genome Detective Coronavirus Typing Tool that can accurately identify
the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
sequences isolated in China and around the world. The tool can accept up to 2,000
sequences per submission and the analysis of a new whole genome sequence will take
approximately one minute. The tool has been tested and validated with hundreds of
whole genomes from ten coronavirus species, and correctly classified all of the
SARS-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) and all of the available public data for SARS-
CoV-2. The tool also allows tracking of new viral mutations as the outbreak expands
globally, which may help to accelerate the development of novel diagnostics, drugs
and vaccines to stop the COVID-19 disease. AVAILABILITY:
https://www.genomedetective.com/app/typingtool/cov. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
JO - Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 32108862
DO - 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa145
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - In bid to rapidly expand coronavirus testing, U.S. agency abruptly changes
rules | Science | AAAS
AU - Cohen, Jon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today recommended a dramatic shift in
how it implements regulations that control whether laboratories can use diagnostic
kits created in-house to test for infections of coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19). “We
issued a policy this morning that allows us to have a lot of flexibility around the
development of diagnostic tests,” said FDA Commissioner Stephen Hahn at a White
House briefing with President Donald Trump this afternoon. “We expect this policy
to have a significant impact.” The change could greatly expand the number of
laboratories able to do coronavirus testing. The U.S. government has come under
severe criticism for not providing nearly enough tests needed to understand the
extent of spread in the population. A test kit produced and distributed by the U.S.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was shelved after state and local
lab trying it out discovered that it contained a faulty reagent. As a result, many
labs that have the capability to test themselves have not been allowed to do so.
The new recommendations focus on “high-complexity testing laboratories” that are
certified under federal rules known as Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments.
This group of facilities includes many hospital labs, like the one that
epidemiologist Michael Mina works at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston.
“Essentially it’s opening up a clear and concise avenue for labs like the one at
Brigham and Women’s,” says Mina. “It’s what I’ve been advocating for a month now.”
PB -
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VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/bid-rapidly-expand-coronavirus-
testing-us-agency-abruptly-changes-rules
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The United States badly bungled coronavirus testing—but things may soon
improve | Science | AAAS
AU - Cohen, Jon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Speed is critical in the response to COVID-19. So why has the United States
been so slow in its attempt to develop reliable diagnostic tests and use them
widely? The World Health Organization (WHO) has shipped testing kits to 57
countries. China had five commercial tests on the market 1 month ago and can now do
up to 1.6 million tests a week; South Korea has tested 65,000 people so far. The U.
S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in contrast, has done only 459
tests since the epidemic began. The rollout of a CDC-designed test kit to state and
local labs has become a fiasco because it contained a faulty reagent. Labs around
the country eager to test more suspected cases—and test them faster—have been
unable to do so. No commercial or state labs have the approval to use their own
tests. In what is already an infamous snafu, CDC initially refused a request to
test a patient in Northern California who turned out to be the first probable
COVID19 case without known links to an infected person.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/united-states-badly-bungled-
coronavirus-testing-things-may-soon-improve
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Covid-19: Italy confirms 11 deaths as cases spread from north
AU - Day, M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m757
SP - m757
EP -
AN - 32102793
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m757
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19—New Insights on a Rapidly Changing Epidemic
AU - del Rio, Carlos
AU - Malani, Preeti N.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since first reported in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019, the outbreak of
the novel coronavirus now known as SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2) has spread globally. As of February 27, 2020, more than 82 000 cases
of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2) and 2800
deaths have been reported, of which approximately 95% of cases and 97% of deaths
are in China. Cases have now been reported in 49 other countries. A particularly
large outbreak occurred among the passengers and crew of the Diamond Princess
cruise ship, where more than 700 infections are reported.
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.3072
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Subunit Vaccines Against Emerging Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses
AU - Du, Ning Wang
AU - Jian, Shang
AU - Shibo, Jiang
AU - Lanying
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Seven coronaviruses (CoVs) have been isolated from humans so far. Among them,
three emerging pathogenic CoVs, including severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV),
and a newly identified CoV (2019-nCoV), once caused or continue to cause severe
infections in humans, posing significant threats to global public health. SARS-CoV
infection in humans (with about 10% case fatality rate) was first reported from
China in 2002, while MERS-CoV infection in humans (with about 34.4% case fatality
rate) was first reported from Saudi Arabia in June 2012. 2019-nCoV was first
reported from China in December 2019, and is currently infecting more than 70000
people (with about 2.7% case fatality rate). Both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are
zoonotic viruses, using bats as their natural reservoirs, and then transmitting
through intermediate hosts, leading to human infections. Nevertheless, the
intermediate host for 2019-nCoV is still under investigation and the vaccines
against this new CoV have not been available. Although a variety of vaccines have
been developed against infections of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, none of them has been
approved for use in humans. In this review, we have described the structure and
function of key proteins of emerging human CoVs, overviewed the current vaccine
types to be developed against SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and summarized recent advances
in subunit vaccines against these two pathogenic human CoVs. These subunit vaccines
are introduced on the basis of full-length spike (S) protein, receptor-binding
domain (RBD), non-RBD S protein fragments, and non-S structural proteins, and the
potential factors affecting these subunit vaccines are also illustrated. Overall,
this review will be helpful for rapid design and development of vaccines against
the new 2019-nCoV and any future CoVs with pandemic potential. This review was
written for the topic of Antivirals for Emerging Viruses: Vaccines and Therapeutics
in the Virology section of Frontiers in Microbiology.
JO - Frontiers in Microbiology
PB -
CY -
VL - 11
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00298
UR - https://doaj.org/article/b04257819ab448ee9e6944261914a8c7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Saudi Arabia`s measures to curb the COVID-19 outbreak: temporary suspension
of the Umrah pilgrimage
AU - Ebrahim, S. H.
AU - Memish, Z. A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 32109274
DO - 10.1093/jtm/taaa029
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Anti-HCV, nucleotide inhibitors, repurposing against COVID-19
AU - Elfiky, Abdo A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Aims A newly emerged Human Coronavirus (HCoV) is reported two months ago in
Wuhan, China (COVID-19). Until today >2700 deaths from the 80,000 confirmed cases
reported mainly in China and 40 other countries. Human to human transmission is
confirmed for COVID-19 by China a month ago. Based on the World Health Organization
(WHO) reports, SARS HCoV is responsible for >8000 cases with confirmed 774 deaths.
Additionally, MERS HCoV is responsible for 858 deaths out of about 2500 reported
cases. The current study aims to test anti-HCV drugs against COVID-19 RNA dependent
RNA polymerase (RdRp). Materials and methods In this study, sequence analysis,
modeling, and docking are used to build a model for Wuhan COVID-19 RdRp.
Additionally, the newly emerged Wuhan HCoV RdRp model is targeted by anti-
polymerase drugs, including the approved drugs Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin. Key
findings The results suggest the effectiveness of Sofosbuvir, IDX-184, Ribavirin,
and Remidisvir as potent drugs against the newly emerged HCoV disease. Significance
The present study presents a perfect model for COVID-19 RdRp enabling its testing
in silico against anti-polymerase drugs. Besides, the study presents some drugs
that previously proved its efficiency against the newly emerged viral infection.
JO - Life Sciences
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 117477
SP - 117477
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117477
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Covid-19 — Navigating the Uncharted
AU - Fauci, Anthony S.
AU - Lane, H. Clifford
AU - Redfield, Robert R.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In their Journal article, Li and colleagues3 provide a detailed clinical and
epidemiologic description of the first 425 cases reported in the epicenter of the
outbreak: the city of Wuhan in Hubei province, China. Although this information is
critical in informing the appropriate response to this outbreak, as the authors
point out, the study faces the limitation associated with reporting in real time
the evolution of an emerging pathogen in its earliest stages. Nonetheless, a degree
of clarity is emerging from this report. The median age of the patients was 59
years, with higher morbidity and mortality among the elderly and among those with
coexisting conditions (similar to the situation with influenza); 56% of the
patients were male. Of note, there were no cases in children younger than 15 years
of age. Either children are less likely to become infected, which would have
important epidemiologic implications, or their symptoms were so mild that their
infection escaped detection, which has implications for the size of the denominator
of total community infections.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1056/NEJMe2002387
UR - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe2002387
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Q&A: The novel coronavirus outbreak causing COVID-19
AU - Heymann, Dale Fisher
AU - David
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - What is COVID-19, and what do we know so far about its clinical presentation?
The virus responsible for COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, is in the species SARS-like corona
viruses. At 125 nm, it is slightly larger than influenza, SARS and MERS viruses. It
is almost certainly a descendant from a bat corona virus of which there are many.
The closest is a virus that originated from the Rhinolophus bat which is > 96%
homologous with the current SARS-CoV-2 virus. It is only 79% homologous with the
original SARS CoV [1]. The near identical gene sequences of 90 analysed cases from
outside of China suggests it has likely emerged after a solitary species jump in
early December 2019 from an unknown (likely mammalian) intermediate host [2].
Pangolins are an endangered ant-eating mammal from which scientists in Guangzhou
have shown a coronavirus with 99% homology, with a receptor binding domain
identical to that of SARS-CoV-2. However, this has not been confirmed, and, in
addition, the pangolin's rarity means this may not be the only mammal involved.
JO - BMC Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL - 18
IS - 1
PG - 1-3
SP - 1
EP - 3
AN -
DO - 10.1186/s12916-020-01533-w
UR - https://doaj.org/article/3f0cfadb54f449919589b167e9f2ecc3
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Responding to Covid-19 — A Once-in-a-Century Pandemic?
AU - Gates, Bill
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In any crisis, leaders have two equally important responsibilities: solve the
immediate problem and keep it from happening again. The Covid-19 pandemic is a case
in point. We need to save lives now while also improving the way we respond to
outbreaks in general. The first point is more pressing, but the second has crucial
long-term consequences. The long-term challenge — improving our ability to respond
to outbreaks — isn’t new. Global health experts have been saying for years that
another pandemic whose speed and severity rivaled those of the 1918 influenza
epidemic was a matter not of if but of when.1 The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
has committed substantial resources in recent years to helping the world prepare
for such a scenario. Now we also face an immediate crisis. In the past week, Covid-
19 has started behaving a lot like the once-in-a-century pathogen we’ve been
worried about. I hope it’s not that bad, but we should assume it will be until we
know otherwise. There are two reasons that Covid-19 is such a threat. First, it can
kill healthy adults in addition to elderly people with existing health problems.
The data so far suggest that the virus has a case fatality risk around 1%; this
rate would make it many times more severe than typical seasonal influenza, putting
it somewhere between the 1957 influenza pandemic (0.6%) and the 1918 influenza
pandemic (2%).2
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1056/NEJMp2003762
UR - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2003762
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus COVID-19: an overview for emergency clinicians
AU - Giwa, A.
AU - Desai, A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Prior to the global outbreak of SARS-CoV in 2003, HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43
were the only coronaviruses known to infect humans. Following the SARS outbreak, 5
additional coronaviruses have been discovered in humans, most recently the novel
coronavirus COVID-19, believed to have originated in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
SARS-CoV and MERSCoV are particularly pathogenic in humans and are associated with
high mortality. In this review, the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management
of the recently discovered COVID-19 are reviewed, with a focus on best practices
and the public health implications.
JO - Emergency medicine practice
PB -
CY -
VL - 22
IS - 2 Suppl 2
PG - 1-21
SP - 1
EP - 21
AN - 32105049
DO -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - [Treatment of pancreatic diseases and prevention of infection during outbreak
of 2019 coronavirus disease]
AU - Gou, S. M.
AU - Yin, T.
AU - Xiong, J. X.
AU - Peng, T.
AU - Li, Y.
AU - Wu, H. S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To explorethe proper protective measures for pancreaticdiseases
treatment during theoutbreak of 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19). Method:
Clinical data of four cases of patients that suffered COVID-19from February 2(nd),
2020 to February 9(th), 2020 in pancreatic surgery were reviewed.After the first
patientscuffednosocomial infection of COVID-19, the general protective measures in
our department wereupdated.Only one patient was admitted to each room alone, with
no more than one caregiver.The body temperature of care givers was measuredtwice a
day.Primary protections were applied to all staff.The floor was sterilized using
disinfectant with an effective chlorine concentration of 1000 mg/L.The protective
measures for interventional procedures were as follow.Primary protection was
applied to the operators ofcentral venipuncture catheter, percutaneous
abdominal/pleural drainage, percutaneous retroperitoneal drainage, percutaneous
transhepatic cholangial drainage and other surgical procedures with local
anesthesiaand epidural anesthesia.Secondary protection was applied to the operators
of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and surgical procedures with
general anesthesia. Results: During Feb 2(nd), 2020 to Feb 9(th), 2020, four
patients in our department were diagnosed with COVID-19, of which one was died of
COVID-19, two were cured, and one is still in hospital for COVID-19.After the
update ofprotective measures in our department, no more nosocomial infection of
COVID-19occurred.Two central venipuncture catheter, three percutaneous
abdominal/pleural drainage, one percutaneous retroperitoneal drainage, one
percuteneous transhepatic cholecyst drainage and one open surgery with general
anesthesia were performed with no infection of operators. Conclusions: The
caregivers of patients are potential infection source of COVID-19.Enhanced
protective measures including the management measures of caregivers can decrease
the risk of nosocomial infection of COVID-19.
JO - Zhonghua wai ke za zhi [Chinese journal of surgery]
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E006
SP - E006
EP -
AN - 32107909
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20200224-00123
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China
AU - Guan, Wei-jie
AU - Ni, Zheng-yi
AU - Hu, Yu
AU - Liang, Wen-hua
AU - Ou, Chun-quan
AU - He, Jian-xing
AU - Liu, Lei
AU - Shan, Hong
AU - Lei, Chun-liang
AU - Hui, David S. C.
AU - Du, Bin
AU - Li, Lan-juan
AU - Zeng, Guang
AU - Chen, Ru-chong
AU - Tang, Chun-li
AU - Wang, Tao
AU - Chen, Ping-yan
AU - Xiang, Jie
AU - Li, Shi-yue
AU - Wang, Jin-lin
AU - Liang, Zi-jing
AU - Peng, Yi-xiang
AU - Wei, Li
AU - Liu, Yong
AU - Hu, Ya-hua
AU - Peng, Peng
AU - Wang, Jian-ming
AU - Liu, Ji-yang
AU - Chen, Zhong
AU - Li, Gang
AU - Zheng, Zhi-jian
AU - Qiu, Shao-qin
AU - Luo, Jie
AU - Ye, Chang-jiang
AU - Zhu, Shao-yong
AU - Zhong, Nan-shan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - BACKGROUND Since December 2019, when coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19)
emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China, data have been needed on
the clinical characteristics of the affected patients. METHODS We extracted data
regarding 1099 patients with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 from 552 hospitals in 30
provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in China through January 29,
2020. The primary composite end point was admission to an intensive care unit
(ICU), the use of mechanical ventilation, or death. RESULTS The median age of the
patients was 47 years; 41.9% of the patients were female. The primary composite end
point occurred in 67 patients (6.1%), including 5.0% who were admitted to the ICU,
2.3% who underwent invasive mechanical ventilation, and 1.4% who died. Only 1.9% of
the patients had a history of direct contact with wildlife. Among nonresidents of
Wuhan, 72.3% had contact with residents of Wuhan, including 31.3% who had visited
the city. The most common symptoms were fever (43.8% on admission and 88.7% during
hospitalization) and cough (67.8%). Diarrhea was uncommon (3.8%). The median
incubation period was 4 days (interquartile range, 2 to 7). On admission, ground-
glass opacity was the most common radiologic finding on chest computed tomography
(CT) (56.4%). No radiographic or CT abnormality was found in 157 of 877 patients
(17.9%) with nonsevere disease and in 5 of 173 patients (2.9%) with severe disease.
Lymphocytopenia was present in 83.2% of the patients on admission. CONCLUSIONS
During the first 2 months of the current outbreak, Covid-19 spread rapidly
throughout China and caused varying degrees of illness. Patients often presented
without fever, and many did not have abnormal radiologic findings. (Funded by the
National Health Commission of China and others.)
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Feasibility of controlling COVID-19 outbreaks by isolation of cases and
contacts
AU - Hellewell, Joel
AU - Abbott, Sam
AU - Gimma, Amy
AU - Bosse, Nikos I.
AU - Jarvis, Christopher I.
AU - Russell, Timothy W.
AU - Munday, James D.
AU - Edmunds, W. John
AU - Sun, Fiona
AU - Flasche, Stefan
AU - Quilty, Billy J.
AU - Davies, Nicholas
AU - Liu, Yang
AU - Clifford, Samuel
AU - Klepac, Petra
AU - Jit, Mark
AU - Diamond, Charlie
AU - Gibbs, Hamish
AU - van Zandvoort, Kevin
AU - Funk, Sebastian
AU - Eggo, Rosalind M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Summary Background Isolation of cases and contact tracing is used to control
outbreaks of infectious diseases, and has been used for coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19). Whether this strategy will achieve control depends on characteristics
of both the pathogen and the response. Here we use a mathematical model to assess
if isolation and contact tracing are able to control onwards transmission from
imported cases of COVID-19. Methods We developed a stochastic transmission model,
parameterised to the COVID-19 outbreak. We used the model to quantify the potential
effectiveness of contact tracing and isolation of cases at controlling a severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-like pathogen. We considered
scenarios that varied in the number of initial cases, the basic reproduction number
(R0), the delay from symptom onset to isolation, the probability that contacts were
traced, the proportion of transmission that occurred before symptom onset, and the
proportion of subclinical infections. We assumed isolation prevented all further
transmission in the model. Outbreaks were deemed controlled if transmission ended
within 12 weeks or before 5000 cases in total. We measured the success of
controlling outbreaks using isolation and contact tracing, and quantified the
weekly maximum number of cases traced to measure feasibility of public health
effort. Findings Simulated outbreaks starting with five initial cases, an R0 of
1·5, and 0% transmission before symptom onset could be controlled even with low
contact tracing probability; however, the probability of controlling an outbreak
decreased with the number of initial cases, when R0 was 2·5 or 3·5 and with more
transmission before symptom onset. Across different initial numbers of cases, the
majority of scenarios with an R0 of 1·5 were controllable with less than 50% of
contacts successfully traced. To control the majority of outbreaks, for R0 of 2·5
more than 70% of contacts had to be traced, and for an R0 of 3·5 more than 90% of
contacts had to be traced. The delay between symptom onset and isolation had the
largest role in determining whether an outbreak was controllable when R0 was 1·5.
For R0 values of 2·5 or 3·5, if there were 40 initial cases, contact tracing and
isolation were only potentially feasible when less than 1% of transmission occurred
before symptom onset. Interpretation In most scenarios, highly effective contact
tracing and case isolation is enough to control a new outbreak of COVID-19 within 3
months. The probability of control decreases with long delays from symptom onset to
isolation, fewer cases ascertained by contact tracing, and increasing transmission
before symptoms. This model can be modified to reflect updated transmission
characteristics and more specific definitions of outbreak control to assess the
potential success of local response efforts. Funding Wellcome Trust, Global
Challenges Research Fund, and Health Data Research UK.
PB -
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VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30074-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus disinfection in histopathology
AU - Henwood, Anthony F.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The 2019 Coronavirus epidemic, provisionally called 2019-nCoV, was first
identified in Wuhan, China, in persons exposed to a seafood or wet market. There is
an international push to contain the virus and prevent its spread. It is feasible
that potentially infectious samples may be received in histopathology laboratories
for diagnosis. This technical note presents disinfection procedures and
histotechnology processes that should alleviate the risk of infection to laboratory
staff. Using data obtained from similar coronaviruses, e.g. severe acute
respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), experts
are confident that 70% ethanol and 0.1% sodium hypochlorite should inactivate the
virus. Formalin fixation and heating samples to 56oC, as used in routine tissue
processing, were found to inactivate several coronaviruses and it is believed that
2019-nCoV would be similarly affected.
JO - Journal of Histotechnology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1-3
SP - 1
EP - 3
AN -
DO - 10.1080/01478885.2020.1734718
UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2020.1734718
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Radiology Perspective of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Lessons From
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
AU - Hosseiny, M.
AU - Kooraki, S.
AU - Gholamrezanezhad, A.
AU - Reddy, S.
AU - Myers, L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - OBJECTIVE. Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pulmonary illness
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, more than 79,000 people have
contracted the virus worldwide. The virus is rapidly spreading with human-to-human
transmission despite imposed precautions. Because similar pulmonary syndromes have
been reported from other strains of the coronavirus family, our aim is to review
the lessons from imaging studies obtained during severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreaks. CONCLUSION. The
review of experiences with the MERS and SARS outbreaks will help us better
understand the role of the radiologist in combating the outbreak of COVID-19. The
known imaging manifestations of the novel coronavirus and the possible unknowns
will also be discussed.
JO - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1-5
SP - 1
EP - 5
AN - 32108495
DO - 10.2214/ajr.20.22969
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A family cluster of SARS-CoV-2 infection involving 11 patients in Nanjing,
China
AU - Huang, Rui
AU - Xia, Juan
AU - Chen, Yuxin
AU - Shan, Chun
AU - Wu, Chao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical characteristics of laboratory confirmed positive cases of SARS-CoV-2
infection in Wuhan, China: A retrospective single center analysis
AU - Huang, Yihui
AU - Tu, Mengqi
AU - Wang, Shipei
AU - Chen, Sichao
AU - Zhou, Wei
AU - Chen, Danyang
AU - Zhou, Lin
AU - Wang, Min
AU - Zhao, Yan
AU - Zeng, Wen
AU - Huang, Qi
AU - Xu, Hai'bo
AU - Liu, Zeming
AU - Guo, Liang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101606
SP - 101606
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Update: Public Health Response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak -
United States, February 24, 2020
AU - Jernigan, D. B.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the 2019 novel
coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) began in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019,
and has spread throughout China and to 31 other countries and territories,
including the United States (1). As of February 23, 2020, there were 76,936
reported cases in mainland China and 1,875 cases in locations outside mainland
China (1). There have been 2,462 associated deaths worldwide; no deaths have been
reported in the United States. Fourteen cases have been diagnosed in the United
States, and an additional 39 cases have occurred among repatriated persons from
high-risk settings, for a current total of 53 cases within the United States. This
report summarizes the aggressive measures (2,3) that CDC, state and local health
departments, multiple other federal agencies, and other partners are implementing
to slow and try to contain transmission of COVID-19 in the United States. These
measures require the identification of cases and contacts of persons with COVID-19
in the United States and the recommended assessment, monitoring, and care of
travelers arriving from areas with substantial COVID-19 transmission. Although
these measures might not prevent widespread transmission of the virus in the United
States, they are being implemented to 1) slow the spread of illness; 2) provide
time to better prepare state and local health departments, health care systems,
businesses, educational organizations, and the general public in the event that
widespread transmission occurs; and 3) better characterize COVID-19 to guide public
health recommendations and the development and deployment of medical
countermeasures, including diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. U.S. public
health authorities are monitoring the situation closely, and CDC is coordinating
efforts with the World Health Organization (WHO) and other global partners. Interim
guidance is available at https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/index.html. As more is
learned about this novel virus and this outbreak, CDC will rapidly incorporate new
knowledge into guidance for action by CDC, state and local health departments,
health care providers, and communities.
JO - MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
PB -
CY -
VL - 69
IS - 8
PG - 216-219
SP - 216
EP - 219
AN - 32106216
DO - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6908e1
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Psychological crisis intervention during the outbreak period of new
coronavirus pneumonia from experience in Shanghai
AU - Jiang, Xixi
AU - Deng, Lili
AU - Zhu, Yuncheng
AU - Ji, Haifeng
AU - Tao, Lily
AU - Liu, Li
AU - Yang, Daoliang
AU - Ji, Weidong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since the middle of December 2019, human-to-human transmission of novel
coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has occurred among close contacts. At the same time,
greater attention should be paid to psychological crisis intervention (PCI) among
affected populations, for the timely prevention of inestimable damage from a
secondary psychological crisis. PCI has been initiated via remote (telephone and
internet) and onsite medical services to help medical workers, patients, and others
affected to overcome any psychological difficulties. This paper outlines
experiences based on the work of the Shanghai Medical Team.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 112903
SP - 112903
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A Well Infant with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with High Viral Load
AU - Kam, Kai-qian
AU - Yung, Chee Fu
AU - Cui, Lin
AU - Lin Tzer Pin, Raymond
AU - Mak, Tze Minn
AU - Maiwald, Matthias
AU - Li, Jiahui
AU - Chong, Chia Yin
AU - Nadua, Karen
AU - Tan, Natalie Woon Hui
AU - Thoon, Koh Cheng
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A well 6-month-old infant with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had
persistently positive nasopharyngeal swabs to day 16 of admission. This case
highlights the difficulties in establishing the true incidence of COVID-19 as
asymptomatic individuals can excrete the virus. These patients may play important
roles in human-to-human transmission in the community.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/cid/ciaa201
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Essentials for Radiologists on COVID-19: An Update-Radiology Scientific
Expert Panel
AU - Kanne, J. P.
AU - Little, B. P.
AU - Chung, J. H.
AU - Elicker, B. M.
AU - Ketai, L. H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200527
SP - 200527
EP -
AN - 32105562
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200527
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Is the Africa prepared for tackling the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic? -
lessons from past outbreaks, ongoing pan-African public health efforts, and
implications for the future
AU - Kapata, Nathan
AU - Ihekweazu, Chikwe
AU - Tajudeen, Raji
AU - Chanda-Kapata, Pascalina
AU - Mwaba, Peter
AU - Mukonka, Victor
AU - Bates, Matthew
AU - Tembo, John
AU - Corman, Victor
AU - Mfinanga, Sayoki
AU - Asogun, Danny
AU - Elton, Linzy
AU - Arruda, Liã Bárbara
AU - Thomason, Margaret J.
AU - Mboera, Leonard
AU - Yavlinsky, Alexei
AU - Haider, Najmul
AU - Simons, David
AU - Hollmann, Lara
AU - Lule, Swaib A.
AU - Veas, Francisco
AU - Abdel Hamid, Muzamil Mahdi
AU - Dar, Osman
AU - Edwards, Sarah
AU - Vairo, Francesco
AU - McHugh, Timothy D.
AU - Kock, Richard
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Positive RT-PCR Test Results in Patients Recovered From COVID-19
AU - Lan, L.
AU - Xu, D.
AU - Ye, G.
AU - Xia, C.
AU - Wang, S.
AU - Li, Y.
AU - Xu, H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Jama
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 32105304
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.2783
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - [Treatment strategies of Budd-Chiari syndrome during the epidemic period of
2019 coronavirus disease]
AU - Li, L. H.
AU - Zhang, G.
AU - Dang, X. W.
AU - Li, L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Prevention and control about the situation of 2019 coronavirus disease
(COVID-19) are grim at present. In addition to supporting the frontline actively,
medical workers in general surgery spare no efforts in making good diagnosis and
treatment of specialized diseases by optimizing treatment process, providing
medical advice online, mastering indications of delayed operation and emergency
operation reasonably, etc. Budd-Chiari syndrome is a complex disorder, and severity
of the disease varies, serious cases can be life threatening. While fighting the
epidemic, medical workers should also ensure the medical needs of patients.
However, instead of continuing the traditional treatment, a new management system
should be developed. Based on the characteristics of Budd-Chiari syndrome patients
in China and our experience, we divide the patients into ordinary and critical
cases, and treatment strategies suitable for the epidemic period of COVID-19 are
put forward for reference and discussion by physicians.
JO - Zhonghua wai ke za zhi [Chinese journal of surgery]
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 0
PG - E007
SP - E007
EP -
AN - 32108459
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20200221-00109
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - [The keypoints in treatment of the critical coronavirus disease 2019 patient]
AU - Li, X. Y.
AU - Du, B.
AU - Wang, Y. S.
AU - Kang, H. Y. J.
AU - Wang, F.
AU - Sun, B.
AU - Qiu, H. B.
AU - Tong, Z. H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The treatment of critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-
19) faces compelling challenges. In this issue, we'd like to share our first-line
treatment experience in treating COVID-19. Hemodynamics need be closely monitored
and different types of shock should be distinguished. Vasoconstrictor drugs should
be used rationally and alerting of complications is of the same importance. The
risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) needs to be assessed, and effective prevention
should be carried out for high-risk patients. It is necessary to consider the
possibility of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in patients with sudden onset of
oxygenation deterioration, respiratory distress, reduced blood pressure. However,
comprehensive analysis of disease state should be taken into the interpretation of
abnormally elevated D-Dimer. Nutritional support is the basis of treatment. It's
important to establish individual therapy regimens and to evaluate, monitor and
adjust dynamically. Under the current epidemic situation, convalescent plasma can
only be used empirically, indications need to be strictly screened, the blood
transfusion process should be closely monitored and the curative effect should be
dynamically evaluated.
JO - Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese
journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E026
SP - E026
EP -
AN - 32111113
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200224-00159
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - [Surgical treatment for esophageal cancer during the outbreak of COVID-19]
AU - Li, Y.
AU - Qin, J. J.
AU - Wang, Z.
AU - Yu, Y.
AU - Wen, Y. Y.
AU - Chen, X. K.
AU - Liu, W. X.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since December 2019, unexplained pneumonia has appeared in Wuhan City, Hubei
Province, and a new type of coronavirus infection was confirmed as COVID-19. COVID-
19 spread rapidly nationwide and abroad. The COVID-19 has brought huge impacts to
all the people and walks of life, especially to the medical and health systems. It
has also brought great challenges to the treatment of patients with cancer.
Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor in China and most of the patients are
in the middle and advanced stage when diagnosed, with immunosuppressive and poor
prognosis. The selection of surgical procedures and perioperative managements of
esophageal cancer require all thoracic surgeons work together to figure out a
reasonable system of surgical treatment and emergency response.
JO - Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology]
PB -
CY -
VL - 42
IS - 0
PG - E003
SP - E003
EP -
AN - 32105052
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200226-00128
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Diarrhoea may be underestimated: a missing link in 2019 novel coronavirus
AU - Liang, W.
AU - Feng, Z.
AU - Rao, S.
AU - Xiao, C.
AU - Xue, X.
AU - Lin, Z.
AU - Zhang, Q.
AU - Qi, W.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Gut
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 32102928
DO - 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320832
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19): the first two patients in the UK with
person to person transmission
AU - Lillie, Patrick J.
AU - Samson, Anda
AU - Li, Ang
AU - Adams, Kate
AU - Capstick, Richard
AU - Barlow, Gavin D.
AU - Easom, Nicholas
AU - Hamilton, Eve
AU - Moss, Peter J.
AU - Evans, Adam
AU - Ivan, Monica
AU - Team, P. H. E. Incident
AU - Taha, Yusri
AU - Duncan, Christopher J. A.
AU - Schmid, Matthias L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - [Analysis on epidemic situation and spatiotemporal changes of COVID-19 in
Anhui]
AU - Liu, M.
AU - Xu, H. L.
AU - Yuan, M.
AU - Liu, Z. R.
AU - Wu, X. Y.
AU - Zhang, Y.
AU - Ma, L. Y.
AU - Gong, L.
AU - Gan, H.
AU - Zong, W. W.
AU - Tao, S. M.
AU - Liu, Q.
AU - Du, Y. N.
AU - Tao, F. B.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - We used the epidemic data of COVID-19 published on the official website of
the municipal health commission in Anhui province. We mapped the spatiotemporal
changes of confirmed cases, fitted the epidemic situation by the population growth
curve at different stages and took statistical description and analysis of the
epidemic situation in Anhui province. It was found that the cumulative incidence of
COVID-19 was 156/100 000 by February 18, 2020 and the trend of COVID-19 epidemic
declined after February 7, changing from J curve to S curve. The actual number of
new cases began to decrease from February 2 to February 4 due to the time of case
report and actual onset delayed by 3 to 5 days.
JO - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E019
SP - E019
EP -
AN - 32107910
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200221-00150
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - No credible evidence supporting claims of the laboratory engineering of SARS-
CoV-2
AU - Liu, S. L.
AU - Saif, L. J.
AU - Weiss, S. R.
AU - Su, L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 1
PG - 505-507
SP - 505
EP - 507
AN - 32102621
DO - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1733440
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - [Consideration and suggestions on development of blood transfusion department
under the epidemic situation of novel coronavirus pneumonia]
AU - Liu, X. M.
AU - Wang, D. Q.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Zhonghua yi xue za zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 100
IS - 0
PG - E013
SP - E013
EP -
AN - 32108458
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200221-00387
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Integrated infection control strategy to minimize nosocomial infection of
corona virus disease 2019 among ENT healthcare workers
AU - Lu, Dan
AU - Wang, Haiyang
AU - Yu, Rong
AU - HuiYang
AU - Zhao, Yu
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 – What's Next for China
AU - Lu, Hongzhou
AU - Stratton, Charles W.
AU - Tang, Yi-Wei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract When an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology occurred in Wuhan
city, Hubei Province, China in December of 2019, the mystery1 was the nature of the
causative agent. Because many of the patients had visited a fish and wild animal
market, the possibility of a recurrence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
needed to be investigated2. Finally, could this outbreak of pneumonia be caused by
a novel coronavirus that was different from those causing SARS or Middle East
respiratory syndrome (MERS)3? This article is protected by copyright. All rights
reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25738
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and neonate: What neonatologist need to know
AU - Lu, Qi
AU - Shi, Yuan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cause
china epidemics with high morbidity and mortality, the infection has been
transmitted to other countries. About 3 neonates and more than 230 children cases
are reported. The disease condition of mainly children was mild. There is currently
no evidence that SARS-CoV-2can be transmitted transplacentally from mother to the
newborn. The treatment strategy for children with Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is
based on adult experience. Thus far, no deaths have been reported in the paediatric
age group. This review describes the current understanding of COVID-19 infection in
newborns and children. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25740
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - [Recommendations for the regulation of medical practices of burn treatment
during the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019]
AU - Ma, S. Y.
AU - Yuan, Z. Q.
AU - Peng, Y. Z.
AU - Luo, Q. Z.
AU - Song, H. P.
AU - Xiang, F.
AU - Tan, J. L.
AU - Zhou, J. Y.
AU - Li, N.
AU - Hu, G. Z.
AU - Luo, G. X.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is one of the beta coronaviruses and was
identified as the pathogen of the severe "coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)" in
2019. China has formally included the 2019-nCoV in the statutory notification and
control system for infectious diseases according to the Law of the People's
Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases.
Currently, the national defending actions on the 2019-nCoV in China is in a
critical period. Burn Department is also confronted with risk of infection by the
2019-nCoV. According to the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19
(6(th) trial edition), the latest relative literature at home and abroad, the
features of the COVID-19, recommendations for the COVID-19 prevention and control
issued by the National Health Commission of China, and management experience of
diagnosis and treatment in the related disciplines, we put forward recommendations
for the medical practices of burn treatment during the outbreak of the COVID-19 in
outpatient and emergency treatment, inpatient treatment, operation and ward
management, etc. We hope these recommendations could benefit the professionals of
the same occupation as us and related hospital managers, improve the treatment of
burn during the outbreak of the COVID-19, and avoid or reduce the risk of infection
of medical staff .
JO - Zhonghua shao shang za zhi = Zhonghua shaoshang zazhi = Chinese journal of
burns
PB -
CY -
VL - 36
IS - 0
PG - E004
SP - E004
EP -
AN - 32111114
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200224-00083
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Management strategies of neonatal jaundice during the coronavirus disease
2019 outbreak
AU - Ma, X. L.
AU - Chen, Z.
AU - Zhu, J. J.
AU - Shen, X. X.
AU - Wu, M. Y.
AU - Shi, L. P.
AU - Du, L. Z.
AU - Fu, J. F.
AU - Shu, Q.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-
nCoV) has become a most challenging health emergency. Owing to rigorous quarantine
and control measures taken in China, routine neonatal health surveillance and
follow-up have become challenging. Without follow-up surveillance, some rapid and
progressive newborn diseases, such as bilirubin encephalopathy, may be ignored. The
characteristics of onset age of kernicterus suggest that monitoring of bilirubin
level at home provides a useful way to alert hospital visits and to prevent the
development of extremely hyperbilirubinemia. Therefore, we developed an online
follow-up program for convenient monitoring of bilirubin level of newborns that is
based on our practical experiences. The aim is to make our management strategies of
neonatal jaundice tailored to the infection prevention and control during the
COVID-19 epidemic.
JO - World journal of pediatrics : WJP
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 32112336
DO - 10.1007/s12519-020-00347-3
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19 in the Shadows of MERS-CoV in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
AU - Memish, Mazin Barry
AU - Maha Al, Amri
AU - Ziad, A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has plagued the
Middle East since it was first reported in 2012. Recently, at the end of December
2019, a cluster of pneumonia cases were reported from Wuhan city, Hubei Province,
China, linked to a wet seafood market with a new coronavirus identified as the
etiologic agent currently named SARS-CoV-2. Most cases are in Mainland China with
international spread to 25 countries. The novelty of the virus, the rapid national
and international spread, and the lack of therapeutic and preventative strategies
have led the WHO International Health Regulation emergency committee to declare the
disease as Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on January 30,
2020. As it relates to countries with the ongoing MERS-CoV community cases and
hospital acquired infections, there will be a huge challenge for HCWs to deal with
both coronaviruses, especially with the lack of standardized and approved point of
care testing. This challenge will now be faced by the whole global health community
dealing with COVID-19 since both coronaviruses have similar presentation. Those
patients should now be tested for both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 simultaneously, and
with the continuing wide international spread of SARS-CoV-2, the travel history to
China in the last 14 days will be of less significance
JO - Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
PB -
CY -
VL - 10
IS - 1
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.2991/jegh.k.200218.003
UR - https://doaj.org/article/544a08b29f9e4464b4e4588e3cd0d11e
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Transmission potential of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) onboard the
Diamond Princess Cruises Ship, 2020
AU - Mizumoto, Kenji
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - An outbreak of COVID-19 developed aboard the Princess Cruises Ship during
January-February 2020. Using mathematical modeling and time-series incidence data
describing the trajectory of the outbreak among passengers and crew members, we
characterize how the transmission potential varied over the course of the outbreak.
Our estimate of the mean reproduction number in the confined setting reached values
as high as ∼11, which is higher than mean estimates reported from community-level
transmission dynamics in China and Singapore (approximate range: 1.1-7). Our
findings suggest that Rt decreased substantially compared to values during the
early phase after the Japanese government implemented an enhanced quarantine
control. Most recent estimates of Rt reached values largely below the epidemic
threshold, indicating that a secondary outbreak of the novel coronavirus was
unlikely to occur aboard the Diamond Princess Ship.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Covid-19: school closures and bans on mass gatherings will need to be
considered, says England's CMO
AU - Moberly, T.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m806
SP - m806
EP -
AN - 32111656
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m806
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Backcalculating the Incidence of Infection with COVID-19 on the Diamond
Princess Comparative Seasonal Respiratory Virus Epidemic Timing in Utah
AU - Callahan, Y. Zayne
AU - Smith, K. Trevor
AU - Ingersoll, Celeste
AU - Gardner, Rebecca
AU - Korgenski, K. E.
AU - Sloan, D. Chantel
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - To understand the time-dependent risk of infection on a cruise ship, the
Diamond Princess, I estimated the incidence of infection with novel coronavirus
(COVID-19). The epidemic curve of a total of 199 confirmed cases was drawn,
classifying individuals into passengers with and without close contact and crew
members. A backcalculation method was employed to estimate the incidence of
infection. The peak time of infection was seen for the time period from 2 to 4
February 2020, and the incidence has abruptly declined afterwards. The estimated
number of new infections among passengers without close contact was very small from
5 February on which a movement restriction policy was imposed. Without the
intervention from 5 February, it was predicted that the cumulative incidence with
and without close contact would have been as large as 1373 (95% CI: 570, 2176) and
766 (95% CI: 587, 946) cases, respectively, while these were kept to be 102 and 47
cases, respectively. Based on an analysis of illness onset data on board, the risk
of infection among passengers without close contact was considered to be very
limited. Movement restriction greatly reduced the number of infections from 5
February onwards. Previous studies have found evidence of viral interference
between seasonal respiratory viruses. Using laboratory-confirmed data from a Utah-
based healthcare provider, Intermountain Health Care, we analyzed the time-specific
patterns of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A, influenza B, human
metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, and enterovirus circulation from 2004 to 2018, using
descriptive methods and wavelet analysis (n = 89,462) on a local level. The results
showed that RSV virus dynamics in Utah were the most consistent of any of the
viruses studied, and that the other seasonal viruses were generally in synchrony
with RSV, except for enterovirus (which mostly occurs late summer to early fall)
and influenza A and B during pandemic years.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 3
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jcm9030657 10.3390/v12030275
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from
SARS and MERS epidemic
AU - Prompetchara, E.
AU - Ketloy, C.
AU - Palaga, T.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As the world is witnessing the epidemic of COVID-19, a disease caused by a
novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, emerging genetics and clinical evidences suggest a
similar path to those of SARS and MERS. The rapid genomic sequencing and open
access data, together with advanced vaccine technology, are expected to give us
more knowledge on the pathogen itself, including the host immune response as well
as the plan for therapeutic vaccines in the near future. This review aims to
provide a comparative view among SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and the newly epidemic SARS-
CoV-2, in the hope to gain a better understanding of the host-pathogen interaction,
host immune responses, and the pathogen immune evasion strategies. This predictive
view may help in designing an immune intervention or preventive vaccine for COVID-
19 in the near future.
JO - Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 32105090
DO - 10.12932/ap-200220-0772
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19 outbreak on the Diamond Princess cruise ship: estimating the
epidemic potential and effectiveness of public health countermeasures
AU - Rocklöv, J.
AU - Sjödin, H.
AU - Wilder-Smith, A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Cruise ships carry a large number of people in confined spaces with relative
homogeneous mixing. On 3 February, 2020, an outbreak of COVID-19 on cruise ship
Diamond Princess was reported with 10 initial cases, following an index case on
board around 21-25 January. By 4 February, public health measures such as removal
and isolation of ill passengers and quarantine of non-ill passengers were
implemented. By 20 February, 619 of 3,700 passengers and crew (17%) were tested
positive.We estimated the basic reproduction number from the initial period of the
outbreak using (SEIR) models. We calibrated the models with transient functions of
countermeasures to incidence data. We additionally estimated a counterfactual
scenario in absence of countermeasures, and established a model stratified by crew
and guests to study the impact of differential contact rates among the groups. We
also compared scenarios of an earlier versus later evacuation of the ship.The basic
reproduction rate was initially 4 times higher on-board compared to the ${R}_0$ in
the epicentre in Wuhan, but the countermeasures lowered it substantially. Based on
the modeled initial ${R}_0$ of 14.8, we estimated that without any interventions
within the time period of 21 January to 19 February, 2920 out of the 3700 (79%)
would have been infected. Isolation and quarantine therefore prevented 2307 cases,
and lowered the ${R}_0$ to 1.78. We showed that an early evacuation of all
passengers on 3 February would have been associated with 76 infected persons in
their incubation time.The cruise ship conditions clearly amplified an already
highly transmissible disease. The public health measures prevented more than 2000
additional cases compared to no interventions. However, evacuating all passengers
and crew early on in the outbreak would have prevented many more passengers and
crew from infection.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/jtm/taaa030
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Guide to Understanding the 2019 Novel Coronavirus
AU - Shah, Aditya
AU - Kashyap, Rahul
AU - Tosh, Pritish
AU - Sampathkumar, Priya
AU - O’Horo, John C.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.02.003
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A potential role for integrins in host cell entry by SARS-CoV-2
AU - Sigrist, Christian
AU - Bridge, Alan
AU - Le Mercier, Philippe
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 104759
SP - 104759
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical characteristics of 50466 hospitalized patients with 2019-nCoV
infection
AU - Sun, Pengfei
AU - Qie, Shuyan
AU - Liu, Zongjan
AU - Ren, Jizhen
AU - Li, Kun
AU - Xi, Jianing
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract Objective We aim to summarize reliable evidences of evidence-based
medicine for the treatment and prevention of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
by analyzing all the published studies on the clinical characteristics of patients
with 2019-nCoV. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and other databases were
searched. Several studies on the clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV infection
were collected for Meta-analysis. Results Ten studies were included in Meta-
analysis, including a total number of 50466 patients with 2019-nCoV infection.
Meta-analysis shows that, among these patients, the incidence of fever was 89.1%,
the incidence of cough was 72.2%, and the incidence of muscle soreness or fatigue
was 42.5%. The incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was 14.8%,
the incidence of abnormal chest computer tomography (CT) was 96.6%, the percentage
of severe cases in all infected cases was 18.1%, and the case fatality rate of
patients with 2019-nCoV infection was 4.3%. Conclusion Fever and cough are the most
common symptoms in patients with 2019-nCoV infection, and most of these patients
have abnormal chest CT examination. Several people have muscle soreness or fatigue
as well as ARDS. Diarrhea, hemoptysis, headache, sore throat, shock, and other
symptoms only occur in a small number of patients. The case fatality rate of
patients with 2019-nCoV infection is lower than that of Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). This article is
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25735
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Covid-19: Trump says risk to Americans is "very low"
AU - Tanne, J. H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m793
SP - m793
EP -
AN - 32107254
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m793
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - [The importance of strengthening the ability of fundamental disease
prevention and control system from the perspective of the epidemic situation of
COVID-19]
AU - Wang, M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - COVID-19 has been in epidemic for nearly two months. The prevention and
control measures have achieved remarkable results. From the response and disposal
process of this epidemic, it is exposed that fundamental disease prevention and
control system are insufficient in human resources and ability of laboratory
testing. It is suggested that the disease control institutions should strengthen
the construction of these aspects in future.
JO - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E020
SP - E020
EP -
AN - 32107911
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200220-00149
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Preventing a covid-19 pandemic
AU - Watkins, J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m810
SP - m810
EP -
AN - 32111649
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m810
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Negative Nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal Swab Does Not Rule Out COVID-19
AU - Winichakoon, P.
AU - Chaiwarith, R.
AU - Liwsrisakun, C.
AU - Salee, P.
AU - Goonna, A.
AU - Limsukon, A.
AU - Kaewpoowat, Q.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19), has become the Public Health Emergency of
International Concern.....
JO - Journal of clinical microbiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 32102856
DO - 10.1128/jcm.00297-20
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - [Discussion on diagnosis and treatment of hepatobiliary malignancies during
the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia]
AU - Wu, F.
AU - Song, Y.
AU - Zeng, H. Y.
AU - Ye, F.
AU - Rong, W. Q.
AU - Wang, L. M.
AU - Wu, J. X.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - From December 2019, the new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) broke out in
Wuhan, Hubei, and spread rapidly to the nationwide. On January 20, 2020, the
National Health Committee classified COVID-19 pneumonia as one of B class
infectious diseases and treated it as class A infectious disease. During the
epidemic period, the routine diagnosis and treatment of tumor patients was affected
with varying degrees. In this special period, we performed the superiority of the
multi-disciplinary team of diagnosis and treatment, achieved accurate diagnosis and
treatment of patients with hepatobiliary malignant tumors, provided support for
these patients with limited medical resources, and helped them to survive during
the epidemic period.On the basis of fully understanding the new coronavirus
pneumonia, the treatment strategy should be changed timely during the epidemic, and
more appropriate treatment methods should be adopted to minimize the adverse effect
of the epidemic on tumor treatment.
PB -
CY -
VL - 42
IS - 0
PG - E004
SP - E004
EP -
AN - 32108460
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200227-00137
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical Characteristics of Imported Cases of COVID-19 in Jiangsu Province: A
Multicenter Descriptive Study
AU - Wu, J.
AU - Liu, J.
AU - Zhao, X.
AU - Liu, C.
AU - Wang, W.
AU - Wang, D.
AU - Xu, W.
AU - Zhang, C.
AU - Yu, J.
AU - Jiang, B.
AU - Cao, H.
AU - Li, L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - BACKGROUND: We aimed to report the clinical characteristics of imported
coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in Jiangsu Province. METHODS: We retrospectively
investigated the clinical, imaging, and laboratory characteristics of confirmed
cases of COVID-19 with WHO interim guidance in three Grade A hospitals of Jiangsu
from Jan 22 to Feb 14, 2020. Real time RT-PCR was used to detect the new
coronavirus in respiratory samples. RESULTS: Of the 80 patients infected with
COVID-19, 41 patients were female, with a median age of 46.1 years. Except for 3
severe patients, the rest of the 77 patients exhibited mild or moderate symptoms. 9
patients were unconfirmed until a third-time nucleic acid test. 38 cases had a
history of chronic diseases. The main clinical manifestations of the patients were
fever and cough, which accounted for 63 cases (78.75%) and 51 cases (-63.75%)
respectively. Only 3 patients (3.75%) showed liver dysfunction. Imaging examination
showed that 55 patients (-68.75%) showed abnormal, 25 cases (31.25%) had no
abnormal density shadow in the parenchyma of both lungs. Up to now, 21 cases were
discharged from the hospital, and no patient died. The average length of stay for
discharged patients was 8 days. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the cases in Wuhan, the
cases in Jiangsu exhibited mild or moderate symptoms and no obvious gender
susceptivity. The proportion of patients having liver dysfunction and abnormal CT
imaging was relatively lower than that of Wuhan. Notably, infected patients may be
falsely excluded based on two consecutively negative respiratory pathogenic nucleic
acid test results.
JO - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious
Diseases Society of America
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 32109279
DO - 10.1093/cid/ciaa199
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus outbreak: the role of companies in preparedness and responses
AU - Fadel, Marc
AU - Salomon, Jérôme
AU - Descatha, Alexis
PY -
PD -
N2 - As in previous health crises, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
outbreak has raised questions about preparedness and emergency responses in many
countries. In this crisis, what role can companies play? Public and private
companies must continue to produce or provide their services, but with
consideration of the health context. Many companies are involved with the COVID-19
outbreak because they are established in or work with China (client or supplier),
and most have already activated their business continuity planning or equivalent.
During an infectious disease outbreak like COVID-19, most large companies around
the world have a major part to play, especially in terms of preparedness and
emergency response. Indeed, companies should be integrated into the governmental
health contingency plan developed in many countries, and by WHO and the
International Labor Organization. Helped by their occupational practitioners,
healthcare advisers, and safety professionals, companies that have a financial
capacity and responsibilities (including governmental, federal, or state
administrations) will thus have to prepare their business continuity planning for
when cases of infected patients occur in the company. They also must be prepared
for the potential psychosocial and psychological effects of outbreaks. All health
professionals should be involved in the development and implementation of
recommendations for companies and their environments
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30051-7
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30051-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Trend and forecasting of the COVID-19 outbreak in China
AU - Li, Qiang
AU - Feng, Wei
AU - Quan, Ying-Hui
PY -
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.014
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.014
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The response of Milan's Emergency Medical System to the COVID-19 outbreak in
Italy
AU - Spina, Stefano
AU - Marrazzo, Francesco
AU - Migliari, Maurizio
AU - Stucchi, Riccardo
AU - Sforza, Alessandra
AU - Fumagalli, Roberto
PY -
PD -
N2 - The number of people infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19),
is dramatically increasing worldwide.The first person-to-person transmission in
Italy was reported on Feb 21, 2020, and led to an infection chain that represents
the largest COVID-19 outbreak outside Asia to date. Here we document the response
of the Emergency Medical System (EMS) of the metropolitan area of Milan, Italy, to
the COVID-19 outbreak.On Jan 30, 2020, WHO declared the COVID-19 outbreak a public
health emergency of international concern.2 Since then, the Italian Government has
implemented extraordinary measures to restrict viral spread, including
interruptions of air traffic from China, organised repatriation flights and
quarantines for Italian travellers in China, and strict controls at international
airports' arrival terminals. Local medical authorities adopted specific WHO
recommendations to identify and isolate suspected cases of COVID-19.Such
recommendations were addressed to patients presenting with respiratory symptoms and
who had travelled to an endemic area in the previous 14 days or who had worked in
the health-care sector, having been in close contact with patients with severe
respiratory disease with unknown aetiology. Suspected cases were transferred to
preselected hospital facilities where the SARS-CoV-2 test was available and
infectious disease units were ready for isolation of confirmed cases.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30493-1
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30493-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Backchat: Covering coronavirus
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In this edition of Backchat we take a deep dive into Nature's coverage of
coronavirus. As cases climb, what are some of the challenges involved in reporting
on the virus? Nick Howe hosts our roundtable discussion, with guests Ewen Callaway,
Nisha Gaind, and David Cyranoski. Nick Howe hosts our roundtable discussion, with
guests Ewen Callaway, Nisha Gaind, and David Cyranoski.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00598-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Department of Error: Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and
international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a
modelling study (The Lancet (2020) 395(10225) (689–697), (S0140673620302609),
(10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30260-9))
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Wu JT, Leung K, Leung GM. Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic
and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a
modelling study. Lancet 2020; published online Jan 31.
https://doi.org/10.1016/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30260-9—In this Article, the data
sharing statement has been amended to clarify the sources from which data can be
obtained. This correction has been made to the online version as of Feb 4, 2020,
and will be made to the printed version.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10225
PG - e41
SP - e41
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30302-0
6736(20)30302-0
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Effects and challenges of Open Science - Academic movements related to the
Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and COVID-19
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - オープンサイエンスの効果はさまざまに論じられてきた。たとえば経済協力開発機構（OECD）の報告
書 1) では，科学研究の効率化，研究の透明性や質の向上，技術革新の加速，経済への波及効果，地球規模
の課題への取り組み，共同研究の推進などが挙げられている。折しも 2019 年 12 月以降，新型コロナウイ
ルス（2019- nCoV）の感染が中国の武漢市から世界中に拡大して「地球規模の課題」となっている。2020
年 1 月 30 日には世界保健機関（WHO）が国際的な緊急事態であると宣言した 2)。これに対して各国・地
域の研究者，助成機関，学術出版社といったステークホルダーが最新の研究成果の公開と再利用を進めて対
策にあたるという，まさに「オープンサイエンス」というべき動きが起きている。そこで本稿は新型コロナ
ウイルスに関する学術界の動向を概観した上で，今回の事例におけるオープンサイエンスの効果と課題につ
いて考察したい。なお，本稿の記述は 2020 年 2 月 6 日時点の情報に基づいている（情報が古い箇所もあ
ろうかと思いますが，ご容赦を）。
JO - The Journal of Information Science and Technology Association
PB -
CY -
VL - 70
IS - 3
PG - 140-143
SP - 140
EP - 143
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.18919/jkg.70.3_140
UR - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jkg/70/3/70_140/_pdf/-char/en
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - How to fight an infodemic
AU - Zarocostas, John
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - WHO's newly launched platform aims to combat misinformation around COVID-19.
John Zarocostas reports from WHO is leading the effort to slow the spread of the
2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. But a global epidemic of
misinformation—spreading rapidly through social media platforms and other outlets—
poses a serious problem for public health. “We’re not just fighting an epidemic;
we’re fighting an infodemic”, said WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
at the Munich Security Conference on Feb 15. Immediately after COVID-19 was
declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, WHO's risk
communication team launched a new information platform called WHO Information
Network for Epidemics (EPI-WIN), with the aim of using a series of amplifiers to
share tailored information with specific target groups. Sylvie Briand, director of
Infectious Hazards Management at WHO's Health Emergencies Programme and architect
of WHO's strategy to counter the infodemic risk, told The Lancet, “We know that
every outbreak will be accompanied by a kind of tsunami of information, but also
within this information you always have misinformation, rumours, etc. We know that
even in the Middle Ages there was this phenomenon”. “But the difference now with
social media is that this phenomenon is amplified, it goes faster and further, like
the viruses that travel with people and go faster and further. So it is a new
challenge, and the challenge is the [timing] because you need to be faster if you
want to fill the void…What is at stake during an outbreak is making sure people
will do the right thing to control the disease or to mitigate its impact. So it is
not only information to make sure people are informed; it is also making sure
people are informed to act appropriately.” About 20 staff and some consultants are
involved in WHO's communications teams globally, at any given time. This includes
social media personnel at each of WHO's six regional offices, risk communications
consultants, and WHO communications officers.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL - 395
IS - 10225
PG - 676
SP - 676
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30461-X
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Where did SARS-CoV-2 come from?
AU - Zhai, S. L.
AU - Wei, W. K.
AU - Lv, D. H.
AU - Xu, Z. H.
AU - Chen, Q. L.
AU - Sun, M. F.
AU - Li, F.
AU - Wang, D.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - The Veterinary record
PB -
CY -
VL - 186
IS - 8
PG - 254
SP - 254
EP -
AN - 32108071
DO - 10.1136/vr.m740
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical trial analysis of 2019-nCoV therapy registered in China
AU - Zhang, Qi
AU - Wang, Yakun
AU - Qi, Changsong
AU - Shen, Lin
AU - Li, Jian
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract So far, there is a lack of effective drugs for the new coronavirus
pneumonia. With more and more patients diagnosed, China has carried out more than
one hundred clinical studies of new coronavirus infection, including antiviral
drugs, antimalarial drugs, glucocorticoids, plasma therapy, virus vaccine and other
western drugs, while Chinese medicine researches accounted for half of studies.
Most of the trials were initiated by investigators and the study period would last
for one to eleven months. The primary endpoints included symptom improvement and
virus nucleic acid turning negative, but the optimal endpoint has not been
determined. Although the final results of studies will take a long time to
complete, the interim research data may provide some help for the current urgent
demand for drug treatment. Compared with that of during SARS period in 2003, China
have the stronger capability to carry out clinical trials of new drugs in emergency
period. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25733
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infections in China: prevention, control
and challenges
AU - Zhang, Sheng
AU - Diao, Meng Yuan
AU - Duan, Liwei
AU - Lin, Zhaofen
AU - Chen, Dechang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since December 2019, an outbreak of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that began
from Wuhan, Hubei Province, has rapidly spread to 34 provincial-level divisions of
China [1] and 25 countries around the world [2]. Up to February 15, 2020, 68,586
cases in China and 526 cases in other countries have been identified as having
COVID-19 (eFigure 1). The estimated mortality rate is 3.1% in Wuhan, 2.8% in Hubei
Province, 0.6% in other provinces of China, 2.4% in China and 0.4% in other
countries, respectively. Faced with such a grim situation, the Chinese government
has taken a series of unprecedented rigorous measures. First, all the 31
provincial-level divisions in China mainland have launched the highest level of
responding mechanism for major public health emergency. Second, Wuhan and other 12
cities in Hubei Province have consecutively shut down all outbound transportation
channels and suspended public transportation. Third, the State Council announced
that both the Spring Festival holiday and winter vacation will be extended. Fourth,
two emergency makeshift hospitals (Huoshenshan and Leishenshan hospitals) with a
total capacity of 2600 beds were built and more than ten cabin hospitals were
renovated with more than 10,000 beds in Wuhan. Fifth, more than 30,000 members from
military and public hospitals have successively headed out to Wuhan and other
cities in Hubei Province.ER -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00134-020-05977-9
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05977-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Imaging changes of severe COVID-19 pneumonia in advanced stage
AU - Zhang, Wei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - We recently reported in Intensive Care Medicine the imaging changes of acute
stage from a case of 75-year-old male patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia
combined acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), septic shock, and multiple
organ disfunction syndrome (MODS) who had a history of 10-year hypertension and 1-
year diabetes. He presently received advanced life support treatment including
respiratory support (invasive mechanical ventilation) and circulatory support
(vasoconstrictor assistance), as well as intermittent renal replacement therapy
(IRRT) in intensive care unit (ICU) of our hospital—a tertiary teaching hospital of
medical university. Because his MODS still existed on the day 20 after symptom
onset, we had to re-examine the chest computed tomographic (CT). The results showed
that early changes of reticular pulmonary fibrosis appeared in Panels D, E, and F
(marked by green arrows), compensatory emphysema occurred in Panels D and E (marked
by blue arrows), and pulmonary cavity formation appeared in Panel F (marked by blue
arrows), compared with acute stage of the day 5 after symptom onset, inflammatory
lesions and ground glass shadow of Panels A and B (marked by red arrows), as well
as septal line of Panel C (marked by yellow arrows). Presently, this patient is
still under the condition of advanced life support therapy (Fig. 1).ER -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00134-020-05990-y
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - [Medical diagnosis and treatment strategies for malignant tumors of the
digestive system during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia]
AU - Zhang, Y.
AU - Xu, J. M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia in December 2019, the
diagnosis and treatment of patients with cancer have been facing great challenges.
Although oncologists are not fighting on the front line to against the epidemic,
during this special period, we should not only protect patients, their families and
medical staff from the infection of novel Coronavirus, but also minimize the impact
of the epidemic on the diagnosis and the treatment of patients with cancer.
Combining the guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of tumors with our clinical
experience, in this epidemic period, we discuss the strategies for diagnosis,
treatment, and follow-up of malignant tumors of the digestive system in this
article.
PB -
CY -
VL - 42
IS - 0
PG - E005
SP - E005
EP -
AN - 32112549
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200227-00141
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The 2019 novel coronavirus resource
AU - Zhao, W. M.
AU - Song, S. H.
AU - Chen, M. L.
AU - Zou, D.
AU - Ma, L. N.
AU - Ma, Y. K.
AU - Li, R. J.
AU - Hao, L. L.
AU - Li, C. P.
AU - Tian, D. M.
AU - Tang, B. X.
AU - Wang, Y. Q.
AU - Zhu, J. W.
AU - Chen, H. X.
AU - Zhang, Z.
AU - Xue, Y. B.
AU - Bao, Y. M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - An ongoing outbreak of a novel coronavirus infection in Wuhan, China since
December 2019 has led to 31,516 infected persons and 638 deaths across 25 countries
(till 16:00 on February 7, 2020). The virus causing this pneumonia was then named
as the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by the World Health Organization. To
promote the data sharing and make all relevant information of 2019-nCoV publicly
available, we construct the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Resource (2019nCoVR,
https://bigd.big.ac.cn/ncov). 2019nCoVR features comprehensive integration of
genomic and proteomic sequences as well as their metadata information from the
Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data, National Center for Biotechnology
Information, China National GeneBank, National Microbiology Data Center and China
National Center for Bioinformation (CNCB)/National Genomics Data Center (NGDC). It
also incorporates a wide range of relevant information including scientific
literatures, news, and popular articles for science dissemination, and provides
visualization functionalities for genome variation analysis results based on all
collected 2019-nCoV strains. Moreover, by linking seamlessly with related databases
in CNCB/NGDC, 2019nCoVR offers virus data submission and sharing services for raw
sequence reads and assembled sequences. In this report, we provide comprehensive
descriptions on data deposition, management, release and utility in 2019nCoVR,
laying important foundations in aid of studies on virus classification and origin,
genome variation and evolution, fast detection, drug development and pneumonia
precision prevention and therapy.
JO - Yi chuan = Hereditas
PB -
CY -
VL - 42
IS - 2
PG - 212-221
SP - 212
EP - 221
AN - 32102777
DO - 10.16288/j.yczz.20-030
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Psychological crisis interventions in Sichuan Province during the 2019 novel
coronavirus outbreak
AU - Zhou, Xiaobo
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 286
IS -
PG - 112895
SP - 112895
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China
AU - Zhu, Hengbo
AU - Wei, Li
AU - Niu, Ping
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, or COVID-19) epidemic first broke out in
Wuhan and has been spreading in whole China and the world. The numbers of new
infections and deaths in Wuhan are still increasing, which have posed major public
health and governance concerns. A series of mandatory actions have been taken by
the municipal and provincial governments supported by the central government, such
as measures to restrict travels across cities, case detection and contact tracing,
quarantine, guidance and information to the public, detection kit development, etc.
Challenges such as lacking effective drugs, insufficient hospital services and
medical supplies, logistics, etc. have much alleviated with the solidarity of the
whole society. The pandemic will definitely be ended with the continuous efforts of
both national and international multi-sectoral bodies.
PB -
CY -
VL - 5
IS - 1
PG - 6
SP - 6
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1186/s41256-020-00135-6
UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-020-00135-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Expert Recommendations for Tracheal Intubation in Critically ill Patients
with Noval Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU - Zuo, M. Z.
AU - Huang, Y. G.
AU - Ma, W. H.
AU - Xue, Z. G.
AU - Zhang, J. Q.
AU - Gong, Y. H.
AU - Che, L.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-
2), is a highly contagious disease. It firstly appeared in Wuhan, Hubei province of
China in December 2019. During the next two months, it moved rapidly throughout
China and spread to multiple countries through infected persons travelling by air.
Most of the infected patients have mild symptoms including fever, fatigue and
cough. But in severe cases, patients can progress rapidly and develop to the acute
respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis and coagulopathy.
The new coronavirus was reported to spread via droplets, contact and natural
aerosols from human-to-human. Therefore, high-risk aerosol-producing procedures
such as endotracheal intubation may put the anesthesiologists at high risk of
nosocomial infections. In fact, SARS-CoV-2 infection of anesthesiologists after
endotracheal intubation for confirmed COVID-19 patients have been reported in
hospitals in Wuhan. The expert panel of airway management in Chinese Society of
Anaesthesiology has deliberated and drafted this recommendation, by which we hope
to guide the performance of endotracheal intubation by frontline anesthesiologists
and critical care physicians. During the airway management, enhanced
droplet/airborne PPE should be applied to the health care providers. A good airway
assessment before airway intervention is of vital importance. For patients with
normal airway, awake intubation should be avoided and modified rapid sequence
induction is strongly recommended. Sufficient muscle relaxant should be assured
before intubation. For patients with difficult airway, good preparation of airway
devices and detailed intubation plans should be made.
JO - Chinese medical sciences journal = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh tsa chih
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN - 32102726
DO - 10.24920/003724
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Drug interaction monitoring of lopinavir / ritonavir in COVID-19 patients
with cancer
AU - Zheng, X. W.
AU - Tao, G.
AU - Zhang, Y. W.
AU - Yang, G. N.
AU - Huang, P.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 59
IS - 0
PG - E004-E004
SP - E004
EP - E004
AN - 32114746
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20200219-00097
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of lung cancer patients during the
outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AU - Yang, L.
AU - Xu, H. Y.
AU - Wang, Y.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - With the increasing number of cases and widening geographical spread, the
2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been classified as one of the class B
infectious diseases but prevented and controlled as class A infectious disease by
the National Health Commission of China. The diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer
patients have been challenged greatly because of extraordinary public health
measures since the lung cancer patients are a high-risk population during the
COVID-19 outbreak period. Strict protection for lung cancer patients is needed to
avoid infection. Lung cancer patients are difficult to differentiate from patients
with COVID-19 in terms of clinical symptoms, which will bring great trouble to the
clinical work and physical and mental health of lung cancer patients. This review
will demonstrate how to applicate appropriate and individual management for lung
cancer patients to protect them from COVID-19.
PB -
CY -
VL - 42
IS - 0
PG - E006-E006
SP - E006
EP - E006
AN - 32118394
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200229-00152
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Precautions in ophthalmic practice in the prevention and control of the novel
coronavirus pneumonia epidemic
AU - Wang, N. L.
AU - Jie, Y.
AU - Tao, F. B.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 56
IS - 0
PG - E007-E007
SP - E007
EP - E007
AN - 32114748
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20200224-00102
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical analysis of 31 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children
from six provinces (autonomous region) of northern China
AU - Wang, D.
AU - Ju, X. L.
AU - Xie, F.
AU - Lu, Y.
AU - Li, F. Y.
AU - Huang, H. H.
AU - Fang, X. L.
AU - Li, Y. J.
AU - Wang, J. Y.
AU - Yi, B.
AU - Yue, J. X.
AU - Wang, J.
AU - Wang, L. X.
AU - Li, B.
AU - Wang, Y.
AU - Qiu, B. P.
AU - Zhou, Z. Y.
AU - Li, K. L.
AU - Sun, J. H.
AU - Liu, X. G.
AU - Li, G. D.
AU - Wang, Y. J.
AU - Cao, A. H.
AU - Chen, Y. N.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To analyze the epidemiological history, clinical manifestations,
treatment and the short-term prognosis of 31 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-
nCoV) infection in children from six provinces (autonomous region) in northern
China. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the epidemiological history, clinical
symptoms, signs, laboratory examinations, chest imaging, treatment and the short-
term prognosis of 31 cases of 2019-nCoV was conducted. The patients were diagnosed
between January 25th, 2020 and February 21st, 2020 in 21 hospitals in 17 cities of
six provinces(autonomous region) of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Hebei, Henan and
Shandong. Results: The age of the 31 children with 2019-nCoV infection was 7 years
and 1 month (6 months -17 years). Nine cases (29%) were imported cases. Other 21
cases (68%) had contact with confirmed infected adults. One case (3%) had contact
with asymptomatic returnees from Wuhan. Among the 31 children, 28 patients (90%)
were family cluster cases. The clinical types were asymptomatic type in 4 cases
(13%), mild type in 13 cases (42%), and common type in 14 cases (45%). No severe or
critical type existed. The most common symptom was fever (n=20, 65%), including 1
case of high fever, 9 cases of moderate fever, 10 cases of low fever. Fever lasted
from 1 day to 9 days. The fever of fifteen cases lasted for ≤3 d, while in other 5
cases lasted > 3 d. Other symptoms included cough (n=14, 45%), fatigue (n=3, 10%)
and diarrhea (n=3, 9%). Pharyngalgia, runny nose, dizziness, headache and vomiting
were rare. In the early stage, the total leukocytes count in peripheral blood
decreased in 2 cases (6%), the lymphocytes count decreased in 2 cases (6%), and the
platelet count increased in 2 cases (6%).Elevation of C-reactive protein (10%,
3/30), erythrocyte sedimentation rate(19%,4/21), procalcitonin(4%,1/28), liver
enzyme(22%, 6/27) and muscle enzyme (15%, 4/27) occurred in different proportions.
Renal function and blood glucose were normal. There were abnormal chest CT changes
in 14 cases, including 9 cases with patchy ground glass opacities and nodules,
mostly located in the lower lobe of both lungs near the pleural area. After
receiving supportive treatment, the viral nucleic acid turned negative in 25 cases
within 7-23 days. Among them, 24 children (77%) recovered and were discharged from
hospital. No death occurred. Conclusions: In this case series, 2019-nCoV infections
in children from six provinces (autonomous region) in northern China are mainly
caused by close family contact. Clinical types are asymptomatic, mild and common
types. Clinical manifestations and laboratory examination results are nonspecific.
Close contact history of epidemiology, nucleic acid detection and chest imaging are
important bases for diagnosis. After general treatment, the short-term prognosis is
good.
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 4
PG - E011-E011
SP - E011
EP - E011
AN - 32118389
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20200225-00138
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Study on assessing early epidemiological parameters of coronavirus disease
epidemic in China
AU - Song, Q. Q.
AU - Zhao, H.
AU - Fang, L. Q.
AU - Liu, W.
AU - Zheng, C.
AU - Zhang, Y.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To study the early dynamics of the epidemic of coronavirus disease
(COVID-19) in China from 15 to 31 January, 2020, and estimate the corresponding
epidemiological parameters (incubation period, generation interval and basic
reproduction number) of the epidemic. Methods: By means of Weibull, Gamma and
Lognormal distributions methods, we estimated the probability distribution of the
incubation period and generation interval data obtained from the reported COVID-19
cases. Moreover, the AIC criterion was used to determine the optimal distribution.
Considering the epidemic is ongoing, the exponential growth model was used to fit
the incidence data of COVID-19 from 10 to 31 January, 2020, and exponential growth
method, maximum likelihood method and SEIR model were used to estimate the basic
reproduction number. Results: Early COVID-19 cases kept an increase in exponential
growth manner before 26 January, 2020, then the increase trend became slower. The
average incubation period was 5.01 (95%CI: 4.31-5.69) days; the average generation
interval was 6.03 (95%CI: 5.20-6.91) days. The basic reproduction number was
estimated to be 3.74 (95%CI: 3.63-3.87), 3.16 (95%CI: 2.90-3.43), and 3.91 (95%CI:
3.71-4.11) by three methods, respectively. Conclusions: The Gamma distribution fits
both the generation interval and incubation period best, and the mean value of
generation interval is 1.02 day longer than that of incubation period. The
relatively high basic reproduction number indicates that the epidemic is still
serious; Based on our analysis, the turning point of the epidemic would be seen on
26 January, the growth rate would be lower afterwards.
PB -
CY -
VL - 41
IS - 4
PG - 461-465
SP - 461
EP - 465
AN - 32113196
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200205-00069
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Characteristics of peripheral blood leukocyte differential counts in patients
with COVID-19
AU - Li, Y. X.
AU - Wu, W.
AU - Yang, T.
AU - Zhou, W.
AU - Fu, Y. M.
AU - Feng, Q. M.
AU - Ye, J. M.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - To investigate the early changes of peripheral blood leukocyte differential
counts in patients with COVID-19. Ten patients with COVID-19 and 30 patients with
other viral pneumonia (non-COVID-19) admitted to Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital and Jinshan Branch Hospital from January 22 to
February 17, 2020 were enrolled in this study. The differential counts of white
blood cells were analyzed. Patients in COVID-19 group showed relatively lower
absolute white blood cell (WBC) count 4.95(3.90,6.03)×10(9)/L, lymphocyte absolute
count 1.20(0.98,1.50)×10(9)/L and eosinophil absolute count
0.01(0.01,0.01)×10(9)/L. Leukopenia developed in two patients(2/10),
lymphocytopenia also in two patients(2/10). Seven over ten patients presented with
eosinophil cytopenia. In non-COVID-19 group, absolute WBC count was 8.20
(6.78,9.03) ×10(9)/L (P<0.001), lymphocyte absolute count
1.75(1.20,2.53)×10(9)/L(P=0.036), eosinophil absolute count
0.02(0.01,0.03)×10(9)/L(P=0.05). Lymphocytopenia occurred in (16.7%) patients,
eosinophil cytopenia in 16.7% patients too. In conclusion, leukopenia,
lymphocytopenia and eosinophil cytopenia are more common in COVID-19 patients than
those in non- COVID-19 patients.
PB -
CY -
VL - 59
IS - 0
PG - E003-E003
SP - E003
EP - E003
AN - 32114745
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The Clinical and Chest CT Features Associated with Severe and Critical COVID-
19 Pneumonia
AU - Li, Kunhua
AU - Wu, Jiong
AU - Wu, Faqi
AU - Guo, Dajing
AU - Chen, Linli
AU - Fang, Zheng
AU - Li, Chuanming
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical and CT features associated with severe
and critical Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Eighty-three patients with COVID-19 pneumonia including 25 severe/critical cases
and 58 ordinary cases were enrolled. The chest CT images and clinical data of them
were reviewed and compared. The risk factors associated with disease severity were
analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with the ordinary patients, the severe/critical
patients had older ages, higher incidence of comorbidities, cough, expectoration,
chest pain and dyspnea. The incidences of consolidation, linear opacities, crazy-
paving pattern and bronchial wall thickening in severe/critical patients were
significantly higher than those of the ordinary patients. Besides, severe/critical
patients showed higher incidences of lymph node enlargement, pericardial effusion
and pleural effusion than the ordinary patients. The CT scores of severe/critical
patients were significantly higher than those of the ordinary patients (P < 0.001).
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the sensitivity and
specificity of CT Score were 80.0% and 82.8% respectively for the discrimination of
the two types. The clinical factors of age > 50 years old, comorbidities, dyspnea,
chest pain, cough, expectoration, decreased lymphocytes and increased inflammation
indicators were risk factors for severe/critical COVID-19 pneumonia. CT findings of
consolidation, linear opacities, crazy-paving pattern, bronchial wall thickening,
high CT scores and extrapulmonary lesions were features of severe/critical COVID-19
pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant differences in clinical symptoms,
laboratory examinations and CT manifestations between the ordinary patients and the
severe/critical patients. Many factors are related to the severity of the disease,
which can help clinicians to judge the severity of the patient and evaluate the
prognosis.
JO - Invest Radiol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000672
SP - 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000672
EP -
AN - 32118615
DO - 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000672
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19 in medical personnel: observation from Thailand
AU - Joob, Beuy
AU - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - J Hosp Infect
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - S0195-6701(20)30090-6
SP - S0195
EP - 6701(20)30090
AN - 32114054
DO - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.02.016
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Dynamic basic reproduction number based evaluation for current prevention and
control of COVID-19 outbreak in China
AU - Huang, L. L.
AU - Shen, S. P.
AU - Yu, P.
AU - Wei, Y. Y.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To evaluate the current status of the prevention and control of
coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in China, establish a predictive model to
evaluate the effects of the current prevention and control strategies, and provide
scientific information for decision- making departments. Methods: Based on the
epidemic data of COVID-19 openly accessed from national health authorities, we
estimated the dynamic basic reproduction number R(0)(t) to evaluate the effects of
the current COVID-19 prevention and control strategies in all the provinces
(municipalities and autonomous regions) as well as in Wuhan and the changes in
infectivity of COVID-19 over time. Results: For the stability of the results, 24
provinces (municipality) with more than 100 confirmed COVID-19 cases were included
in the analysis. At the beginning of the outbreak, the R(0)(t) showed unstable
trend with big variances. As the strengthening of the prevention and control
strategies, R(0)(t) began to show a downward trend in late January, and became
stable in February. By the time of data analysis, 18 provinces (municipality) (75%)
had the R(0)(t)s less than 1. The results could be used for the decision making to
free population floating conditionally. Conclusions: Dynamic R(0)(t) is useful in
the evaluation of the change in infectivity of COVID-19, the prevention and control
strategies for the COVID-19 outbreak have shown preliminary effects, if continues,
it is expected to control the COVID-19 outbreak in China in near future.
PB -
CY -
VL - 41
IS - 4
PG - 466-469
SP - 466
EP - 469
AN - 32113197
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200209-00080
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Henan
AU - Cheng, J. L.
AU - Huang, C.
AU - Zhang, G. J.
AU - Liu, D. W.
AU - Li, P.
AU - Lu, C. Y.
AU - Li, J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To study the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Henan
Province. Methods: An epidemiological study was conducted based on the latest
epidemic information of 1,265 confirmed cases (including regional distribution,
severe illness, and deaths) announced by Health Commission of Henan Province, as
well as the details of 1,079 COVID-19 officially released by Health Commission of
municipalities in Henan Province collected as of 24:00 on February 19, 2020.
Results: Among 1 079 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, there were 573 male (53.2%)
and 505 female (46.8%) , with the ratio of male to female of 1.14:1; The majority
of patients were 36-59 years old (553 cases, 51.3%) , and the mean age was 46
(interquartile range is 24) years old; 515 cases (47.7%) had a history of living,
traveling, doing business in Wuhan or a brief stopover at Wuhan train stop, and 382
(35.4%) had a history of close contact with confirmed patients; There were 72
severe cases (5.7%) in 1 265 patients, and the fatality rate was 1.5%. A high
number of cases were reported in Xinyang (269 cases, 21.26%) , Zhengzhou (156
cases, 12.33%) , Nanyang (155 cases, 12.25%) , Zhumadian (139 cases, 10.99%) ,
followed by Shangqiu (91 cases, 7.19%) , Zhoukou (76 cases, 6.01%) . Among 605
patients, the symptoms were fever (553 cases, 91.4%) , debilitation (44 cases,
7.3%) , cough (110 cases, 18.2%) , expectoration (19 cases, 3.1%) , chills (6
cases, 1.0%) , shiver (7 cases, 1.2%) , running nose (21 cases, 3.5%) , stuffy
noses (8 cases, 1.3%) , throat dryness and sore (24 cases, 4.0%) , headache (21
cases, 3.5%) , chest pain (6 cases, 1.0%) , anhelation (18 cases, 3.0%) , and
gastrointestinal symptom (21 cases, 3.5%) . The age of deaths ranged from 33 to 86
years old, with an average age of 72 (interquartile range of 17) years old; there
be 7 males (63.6%) and 4 females (36.4%) . Conclusion: The cases in Henan Province
were mainly imported cases and had certain geographical location relevance;
meanwhile, there was a family-focused incidence. The overall trend of new cases was
wave-like decline, and the number of deaths was high among elderly men with
underlying diseases.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E027-E027
SP - E027
EP - E027
AN - 32118390
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200222-00148
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Pregnant women with new coronavirus infection: a clinical characteristics and
placental pathological analysis of three cases
AU - Chen, S.
AU - Huang, B.
AU - Luo, D. J.
AU - Li, X.
AU - Yang, F.
AU - Zhao, Y.
AU - Nie, X.
AU - Huang, B. X.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and placental
pathology of 2019-nCoV infection in pregnancy, and to evaluate intrauterine
vertical transmission potential of 2019-nCoV infection. Methods: The placentas
delivered from pregnant women with confirmed 2019-nCoV infection which were
received in the Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology collected by February 4th, 2020 and
retrospectively studied. Their clinical material including placental tissue and
lung CT, and laboratory results were collected, meanwhile, nucleic acid detection
of 2019-nCoV of the placentas were performed by RT-PCR. Results: Three placentas
delivered from pregnant women with confirmed 2019-nCoV infection, who were all in
their third trimester with emergency caesarean section. All of the three patients
presented with fever (one before caesarean and two in postpartum), and had no
significant leukopenia and lymphopenia. Neonatal throat swabs from three newborns
were tested for 2019-nCoV, and all samples were negative for the nucleic acid of
2019-nCoV. One premature infant was transferred to Department of Neonatology due to
low birth weight. By the end of February 25, 2020, none of the three patients
developed severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia or died(two patients had been cured and
discharged, while another one had been transferred to a square cabin hospital for
isolation treatment). There were various degrees of fibrin deposition inside and
around the villi with local syncytial nodule increases in all three placentas. One
case of placenta showed the concomitant morphology of chorionic hemangioma and
another one with massive placental infarction. No pathological change of villitis
and chorioamnionitis was observed in our observation of three cases. All samples
from three placentas were negative for the nucleic acid of 2019-nCoV. Conclusions:
The clinical characteristics of pregnant women with 2019-nCoV infection in late
pregnancy are similar to those of non-pregnant patients, and no severe adverse
pregnancy outcome is found in the 3 cases of our observation. Pathological study
suggests that there are no morphological changes related to infection in the three
placentas. Currently no evidence for intrauterine vertical transmission of 2019-
nCoV is found in the three women infected by 2019-nCoV in their late pregnancy.
JO - Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 49
IS - 0
PG - E005-E005
SP - E005
EP - E005
AN - 32114744
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200225-00138
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Advances in the research of cytokine storm mechanism induced by Corona Virus
Disease 2019 and the corresponding immunotherapies
AU - Chen, C.
AU - Zhang, X. R.
AU - Ju, Z. Y.
AU - He, W. F.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has seriously affected the treatment of
patients and social stability. In the later stage of disease, some COVID-19
patients may develop into acute respiratory distress syndrome or even multiple
organ failure. However, one of the most important mechanism underlying the
deterioration of disease is cytokine storm. At present, some therapies such as
interleukin-6 antibody blocker, stem cell therapy, and transfusion of convalescent
plasma have been applied to counteract the cytokine storm and have made some
progress. This article reviews the influences of cytokine storm syndrome on the
COVID-19 and the corresponding immunotherapies to resist cytokine storm.
JO - Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 36
IS - 0
PG - E005-E005
SP - E005
EP - E005
AN - 32114747
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200224-00088
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A Chinese Case of COVID-19 Did Not Show Infectivity During the Incubation
Period: Based on an Epidemiological Survey
AU - Bae, Jong-Myon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Controversy remains over whether the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) virus
may have infectivity during the incubation period before the onset of symptoms. The
author had the opportunity to examine the infectivity of COVID-19 during the
incubation period by conducting an epidemiological survey on a confirmed patient
who had visited Jeju Island during the incubation period. The epidemiological
findings support the claim that the COVID-19 virus does not have infectivity during
the incubation period.
JO - J Prev Med Public Health
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.3961/jpmph.20.048
SP - 10.3961/jpmph.20.048
EP -
AN - 32114755
DO - 10.3961/jpmph.20.048
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Identification of COVID-19 Can be Quicker through Artificial Intelligence
framework using a Mobile Phone-Based Survey in the Populations when Cities/Towns
Are Under Quarantine
AU - Vazquez, Arni S.R. Srinivasa Rao
AU - Jose A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - We are proposing to use machine learning algorithms to be able to improve
possible case identifications of COVID-19 more quicker when we use a mobile phone-
based web survey. This will also reduce the spread in the susceptible populations.
JO - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1-18
SP - 1
EP - 18
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.61
UR - https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/infection-control-and-hospital-
epidemiology/article/identification-of-covid19-can-be-quicker-through-artificial-
intelligence-framework-using-a-mobile-phonebased-survey-in-the-populations-when-
citiestowns-are-under-q
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Short-term effects of ambient PM1 and PM2.5 air pollution on hospital
admission for respiratory diseases: Case-crossover evidence from Shenzhen, China
AU - Zhang, Yunquan
AU - Ding, Zan
AU - Xiang, Qianqian
AU - Wang, Wei
AU - Huang, Li
AU - Mao, Feiyue
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Background Ambient PM1 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤1 μm)
is an important contribution of PM2.5 mass. However, little is known worldwide
regarding the PM1-associated health effects due to a wide lack of ground-based PM1
measurements from air monitoring stations. Methods We collected daily records of
hospital admission for respiratory diseases and station-based measurements of air
pollution and weather conditions in Shenzhen, China, 2015–2016. Time-stratified
case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression models were adopted to
estimate hospitalization risks associated with short-term exposures to PM1 and
PM2.5. Results PM1 and PM2.5 showed significant adverse effects on respiratory
disease hospitalizations, while no evident associations with PM1–2.5 were
identified. Admission risks for total respiratory diseases were 1.09 (95%
confidence interval: 1.04 to 1.14) and 1.06 (1.02 to 1.10), corresponding to per
10 μg/m3 rise in exposure to PM1 and PM2.5 at lag 0–2 days, respectively. Both PM1
and PM2.5 were strongly associated with increased admission for pneumonia and
chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, but exhibited no effects on asthma and
upper respiratory tract infection. Largely comparable risk estimates were observed
between male and female patients. Groups aged 0–14 years and 45–74 years were
significantly affected by PM1- and PM2.5-associated risks. PM-hospitalization
associations exhibited a clear seasonal pattern, with significantly larger risks in
cold season than those in warm season among some subgroups. Conclusions Our study
suggested that PM1 rather than PM1–2.5 contributed to PM2.5-induced risks of
hospitalization for respiratory diseases and effects of PM1 and PM2.5 mainly
occurred in cold season.
JO - International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
PB -
CY -
VL - 224
IS -
PG - 113418
SP - 113418
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.11.001
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Critical care crisis and some recommendations during the COVID-19 epidemic in
China
AU - Xie, Jianfeng
AU - Tong, Zhaohui
AU - Guan, Xiangdong
AU - Du, Bin
AU - Qiu, Haibo
AU - Slutsky, Arthur S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Lack of critical care resource in face of COVID-19 epidemics Based on data
reported by the National Health Commission of China, there have been about 2000 new
confirmed cases and?>?4000 suspected cases daily over the past week in Wuhan [3].
About 15% of the patients have developed severe pneumonia, and about 6% need
noninvasive or invasive ventilatory support. Currently, there are about 1000
patients who need ventilatory support and another 120 new patients daily who
require noninvasive or invasive ventilation support in Wuhan city; however, there
are only about 600 ICU beds [4]. To address this shortfall, 70 ICU beds were
created from general beds and the government quickly transformed three general
hospitals to critical care hospitals with a total of about 2500 beds that
specialize in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia (equipped with monitors and
high-flow nasal cannula, noninvasive ventilator or invasive ventilators). An
equally great (or potentially greater) problem is the shortage of trained personnel
to treat these critically ill patients. Until the crisis, there were about 300 ICU
physicians and 1000 ICU nurses in Wuhan city. By the end of January, more than 600
additional ICU doctors and 1500 ICU nurses were transferred to Wuhan from the rest
of China. As well, an additional 3000 staff including infectious disease,
respiratory, internal medicine physicians and nurses were transferred to Wuhan by
the government. There are logistical issues which make care of the patients
difficult. These include donning of personal protective equipment (e.g., gloves,
gowns, respiratory and eye protection), lack of instruments and disposables, and
shortages of supplemental oxygen. Many severe hypoxemic patients only receive high-
flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) or noninvasive mechanical ventilation rather than invasive
mechanical ventilation because of intubation delay or lack of mechanical
ventilators (especially at early phase). Our preliminary data show that only about
25% of patients who died were intubated and received mechanical ventilation.JO -
Intensive Care Medicine
JO -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00134-020-05979-7
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05979-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Comparison of pulmonary availability and anti-inflammatory effect of
dehydroandrographolide succinate via intratracheal and intravenous administration
AU - Wei-Ya, Chen
AU - Yuan-Song, Wang
AU - Chun-Yu, Liu
AU - Yu-Bin, Ji
AU - Fei-Fei, Yang
AU - Yong-Hong, Dr Liao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Dehydroandrographolide succinate (DAS) injection, which was approved in China
for the treatment of viral pneumonia and upper respiratory tract infections, is
often off-label used for nebulization therapy to avoid the adverse drug reactions
associated with the injection. However, the aerodynamic properties and pulmonary
fate of nebulized DAS was largely uninvestigated. In this study, the main
objectives were to evaluate the in vitro aerodynamic deposition profiles of
nebulizer generated aerosols and comparatively investigate the local drug
availability and anti-inflammatory efficacy of DAS between intratracheal and
intravenous dosing. The in vitro evaluation of aerodynamic characteristics and
droplet size distribution showed more than 50% aerosol particles with size being <
5 μm, allowing the aerosols to reach the lower respiratory tract. Following
intratracheal administration, the drug underwent pulmonary absorption into the
bloodstream, rendering an absolute bioavailability of 47.3%. Compared to the
intravenous delivery, the intratracheal administration dramatically increased the
drug availability in the lung tissue in rats by more than 80-fold, leading to an
improved and prolonged local anti-inflammatory efficacy in a lipopolysaccharide
induced lung injury model in mice. The present results demonstrated that inhalation
delivery of DAS is a convenient and effective alternative to intravenous
injections.
JO - European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 105290
SP - 105290
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105290
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Imported Novel Coronavirus Infections: Observation on Active and Passive Case
Detection in Thailand
AU - Sookaromdee, Pathum
AU - Wiwaniveitkit, Viroj
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, a viral disease – the novel coronavirus – emerged in China
and spread widely.1 At present, the disease has already exported to many
countries,2 and is becoming an important public health problem. Thailand is a
Southeast Asian country that has many international flights connecting to China and
there are already imported cases of the disease in Thailand. The first ex-China
case of the new disease was detected in Thailand. We would like to share
observations on the spread of this disease in Thailand. To date (24 January 2020),
there are imported cases of novel coronavirus infections in Thailand. Of these
cases, 1 patient is a Thai who returned from tourism activity in China and the
others are 4 Chinese tourists. Focusing on disease detection, 4 patients were
detected at health screening points at immigration posts at international airports.
The Thai patient visited the physician herself after developing a fever upon
returning to Thailand. Of interest, during the period of disease outbreak, active
screening is done at Thai international airports and 21,374 travelers have already
been screened. Active screening can detect 80% of imported cases; 20% are detected
passively. Based on these data, it has been demonstrated that active screening at
the airport is still a good method for detecting new emerging disease but it cannot
provide 100% efficacy in case detection. The health-related self-concern of the
patient is also important to help with passive case detection. Therefore, promotion
of health knowledge concerning the new disease is very important for the
international traveler.
JO - Population Health Management
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1089/pop.2020.0014
UR - https://doi.org/10.1089/pop.2020.0014
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice
AU - Peng, Xian
AU - Xu, Xin
AU - Li, Yuqing
AU - Cheng, Lei
AU - Zhou, Xuedong
AU - Ren, Biao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A novel β-coronavirus (2019-nCoV) caused severe and even fetal pneumonia
explored in a seafood market of Wuhan city, Hubei province, China, and rapidly
spread to other provinces of China and other countries. The 2019-nCoV was different
from SARS-CoV, but shared the same host receptor the human angiotensin-converting
enzyme 2 (ACE2). The natural host of 2019-nCoV may be the bat Rhinolophus affinis
as 2019-nCoV showed 96.2% of whole-genome identity to BatCoV RaTG13. The person-to-
person transmission routes of 2019-nCoV included direct transmission, such as
cough, sneeze, droplet inhalation transmission, and contact transmission, such as
the contact with oral, nasal, and eye mucous membranes. 2019-nCoV can also be
transmitted through the saliva, and the fetal–oral routes may also be a potential
person-to-person transmission route. The participants in dental practice expose to
tremendous risk of 2019-nCoV infection due to the face-to-face communication and
the exposure to saliva, blood, and other body fluids, and the handling of sharp
instruments. Dental professionals play great roles in preventing the transmission
of 2019-nCoV. Here we recommend the infection control measures during dental
practice to block the person-to-person transmission routes in dental clinics and
hospitals.
JO - International Journal of Oral Science
PB -
CY -
VL - 12
IS - 1
PG - 9
SP - 9
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41368-020-0075-9
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41368-020-0075-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19 and the anti-lessons of history
AU - Peckham, Robert
PY -
PD -
N2 - As the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China's Hubei
province continues and new cases of the disease increase globally,1 there is
pressure on historians to show the value of history for policy. How can the past
assist in the real-time management of the crisis? What insights can be gleaned from
the ongoing epidemic for future disease preparedness and prevention? Lurking in the
background of these interrogatives is a more or less explicit accusation: why
haven't past lessons been learned? The gist of some commentaries seems to be:
“there is almost nothing surprising about this pandemic”.2 The history-as-lessons
approach pivots on the assumption that epidemics are structurally comparable
events, wherever and whenever they take place. The COVID-19 outbreak “creates a
sense of déjà vu” with the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SARS).3 Citing early estimates of the disease's infectiousness, based on an
analysis of the first 425 confirmed cases in Wuhan,4 comparisons have been drawn
with the 1918–19 influenza pandemic.5 Although in some respects the outbreak of
COVID-19 presents a compelling argument for why history matters, there are problems
with analogical views of the past because they constrain our ability to grasp the
complex place-and-time-specific variables that drive contemporary disease
emergence. A lessons approach to epidemics produces what Kenneth Burke, borrowing
from the economist and sociologist Thorstein Veblen, called “trained
incapacity”—“that state of affairs whereby one's very abilities can function as
blindnesses”.6 Habitual modes of thinking can diminish our capacity to make lateral
connections. When the present is viewed through the lens of former disease
outbreaks, we typically focus on similitudes and overlook important differences. In
other words, analogies create blind spots. As Burke commented, “a way of seeing is
also a way of not seeing—a focus on object A involves a neglect of object B”.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30468-2
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30468-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Coronavirus latest: global infections pass 90,000
AU - Nature
PY - 2020
PD -
people. The number of people worldwide who have been infected with the coronavirus
has passed 90,000. More than 3,000 people have died since the outbreak began in
December. The vast majority of cases — more than 80,000 — have occurred in China,
but around 60 other countries are now also dealing with outbreaks. Many nations are
preparing for a global pandemic, as reports of cases caused by community spread —
rather than importation from China — rise. South Korea, Italy and Iran are fighting
the largest outbreaks outside of China.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - New regulatory strategies to manage medicines shortages in Europe
AU - Musazzi, Umberto M.
AU - Di Giorgio, Domenico
AU - Minghetti, Paola
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Medicine shortages have been spreading in European countries. In many cases,
the unavailability of medicinal products has a substantial impact on the capability
of National Healthcare Systems in ensuring the continuity of care. Shortages
originate from multifactorial causes. In particular, they can be due to supply-
related factors (e.g., manufacturing issues, regulatory issues, logistics,
distribution) and demand-related ones (e.g., fluctuating drug demand, parallel
market, tendering, price and reimbursement policies). However, some extraordinary
geopolitical events (e.g., Brexit) may also affect medicines’ availability. The
capability of European Regulatory Authorities and other stakeholders, which are
involved in the pharmaceutical distribution chain and the healthcare assistance
services, to define suitable problem-solving strategies has been limited for years
by the fragmentation of the European regulatory framework, starting from the lack
of a univocal definition of a medicine shortage. Only in 2019, the EMA and HMA
joint task force released the first harmonized “shortage” definition in the
European Economic Area (EEA) and guidance on public communication. This manuscript
aims to review the current European regulatory framework on medicine shortages. To
support the activities of regulators, manufacturers and other healthcare
professionals, an algorithm was also proposed to be used as a harmonized procedure
to determine the shortage/unavailability impact on public health and to rationalize
the problem-solving strategies adopted in all different settings.
JO - International Journal of Pharmaceutics
PB -
CY -
VL - 579
IS -
PG - 119171
SP - 119171
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119171
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Stepping up infection control measures in ophthalmology during the novel
coronavirus outbreak: an experience from Hong Kong
AU - Lai, Tracy H. T.
AU - Tang, Emily W. H.
AU - Chau, Sandy K. Y.
AU - Fung, Kitty S. C.
AU - Li, Kenneth K. W.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has rapidly emerged as a global health threat.
The purpose of this article is to share our local experience of stepping up
infection control measures in ophthalmology to minimise COVID-19 infection of both
healthcare workers and patients.
JO - Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00417-020-04641-8
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-04641-8
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation
with biocidal agents
AU - Kampf, G.
AU - Todt, D.
AU - Pfaender, S.
AU - Steinmann, E.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Summary Currently, the emergence of a novel human coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2,
has become a global health concern causing severe respiratory tract infections in
humans. Human-to-human transmissions have been described with incubation times
between 2-10 days, facilitating its spread via droplets, contaminated hands or
surfaces. We therefore reviewed the literature on all available information about
the persistence of human and veterinary coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces as well
as inactivation strategies with biocidal agents used for chemical disinfection,
e.g. in healthcare facilities. The analysis of 22 studies reveals that human
coronaviruses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) coronavirus, Middle
East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus or endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV)
can persist on inanimate surfaces like metal, glass or plastic for up to 9 days,
but can be efficiently inactivated by surface disinfection procedures with 62–71%
ethanol, 0.5% hydrogen peroxide or 0.1% sodium hypochlorite within 1 minute. Other
biocidal agents such as 0.05–0.2% benzalkonium chloride or 0.02% chlorhexidine
digluconate are less effective. As no specific therapies are available for SARS-
CoV-2, early containment and prevention of further spread will be crucial to stop
the ongoing outbreak and to control this novel infectious thread.
PB -
CY -
VL - 104
IS - 3
PG - 246-251
SP - 246
EP - 251
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The inflection point about COVID-19 may have passed
AU - Gu, Chaolin
AU - Zhu, Jie
AU - Sun, Yifei
AU - Zhou, Kai
AU - Gu, Jiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Science Bulletin
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2020.02.025
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Daily briefing: World’s biggest physics meeting cancelled over coronavirus
fears
AU - Graham, Flora
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The March Meeting of the APS was cancelled just 36 hours before it was
scheduled to begin today. Plus: the best repositories for life-sciences imaging
data and how to find early-career grants and fellowships.
JO - Nature
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus:
classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2
AU - Gorbalenya, Alexander E.
AU - Baker, Susan C.
AU - de Groot, Raoul J.
AU - Gulyaeva, Anastasia A.
AU - Haagmans, Bart L.
AU - Lauber, Chris
AU - Leontovich, Andrey M.
AU - Neuman, Benjamin W.
AU - Penzar, Dmitry
AU - Samborskiy, Dmitry V.
AU - Sidorov, Igor A.
AU - Sola, Isabel
AU - Ziebuhr, John
AU - Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of,
Viruses
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The present outbreak of a coronavirus-associated acute respiratory disease
called coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is the third documented spillover of an
animal coronavirus to humans in only two decades that has resulted in a major
epidemic. The Coronaviridae Study Group (CSG) of the International Committee on
Taxonomy of Viruses, which is responsible for developing the classification of
viruses and taxon nomenclature of the family Coronaviridae, has assessed the
placement of the human pathogen, tentatively named 2019-nCoV, within the
Coronaviridae. Based on phylogeny, taxonomy and established practice, the CSG
recognizes this virus as forming a sister clade to the prototype human and bat
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (SARS-CoVs) of the species Severe
acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, and designates it as SARS-CoV-2. In
order to facilitate communication, the CSG proposes to use the following naming
convention for individual isolates: SARS-CoV-2/host/location/isolate/date. While
the full spectrum of clinical manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections
in humans remains to be determined, the independent zoonotic transmission of SARS-
CoV and SARS-CoV-2 highlights the need for studying viruses at the species level to
complement research focused on individual pathogenic viruses of immediate
significance. This will improve our understanding of virus–host interactions in an
ever-changing environment and enhance our preparedness for future outbreaks.
JO - Nature Microbiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1038/s41564-020-0695-z
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Finding an Accurate Early Forecasting Model from Small Dataset: A Case of
2019-nCoV Novel Coronavirus Outbreak
AU - Fong, Simon James
AU - Li, Gloria
AU - Dey, Nilanjan
AU - Gonzalez-Crespo, Rubén
AU - Herrera-Viedma, Enrique
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Epidemic is a rapid and wide spread of infectious disease threatening many
lives and economy damages. It is important to fore-tell the epidemic lifetime so to
decide on timely and remedic actions. These measures include closing borders,
schools, suspending community services and commuters. Resuming such curfews depends
on the momentum of the outbreak and its rate of decay. Being able to accurately
forecast the fate of an epidemic is an extremely important but difficult task. Due
to limited knowledge of the novel disease, the high uncertainty involved and the
complex societal-political factors that influence the widespread of the new virus,
any forecast is anything but reliable. Another factor is the insufficient amount of
available data. Data samples are often scarce when an epidemic just started. With
only few training samples on hand, finding a forecasting model which offers
forecast at the best efforts is a big challenge in machine learning. In the past,
three popular methods have been proposed, they include 1) augmenting the existing
little data, 2) using a panel selection to pick the best forecasting model from
several models, and 3) fine-tuning the parameters of an individual forecasting
model for the highest possible accuracy. In this paper, a methodology that embraces
these three virtues of data mining from a small dataset is proposed. An experiment
that is based on the recent coronavirus outbreak originated from Wuhan is conducted
by applying this methodology. It is shown that an optimized forecasting model that
is constructed from a new algorithm, namely polynomial neural network with
corrective feedback (PNN+cf) is able to make a forecast that has relatively the
lowest prediction error. The results showcase that the newly proposed methodology
and PNN+cf are useful in generating acceptable forecast upon the critical time of
disease outbreak when the samples are far from abundant.
JO - International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence
PB -
CY -
VL - 6
IS - 1
PG - 132-140
SP - 132
EP - 140
AN -
DO - 10.9781/ijimai.2020.02.002
UR - https://doaj.org/article/df712831337c4ca6b9c351e0f42b046d
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential impact of COVID-19 on pregnant women, newborns and midwives
AU - Duff, Elizabeth
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - At the time of writing, there is little specific, authoritative advice
available for pregnant women or those caring for a newborn. A letter published in
The Lancet from Dr Guillaume Favre and colleagues at the Materno-fetal &
Obstetrics Research Unit, Lausanne Uni- versity Hospital, Switzerland, lists
outcomes –some adverse –from the SARS and MERS epidemics and suggests an approach
commensurate with the other coronavirus outbreaks:
JO - Midwifery
PB -
CY -
VL - 83
IS -
PG - 102668
SP - 102668
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2020.102668
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Global health emergency declared by WHO
AU - Duff, Elizabeth
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On 30 January 2020 the Director-General of the World Health Organization, Dr
Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, declared –on the advice of the WHO Emergency Committee
–that the outbreak of 2019-nCoV (novel coronavirus) constitutes a public health
emergency of international concern (PHEIC). The new virus was later given the
official name of COVID-19. Both terms are used in this report.
JO - Midwifery
PB -
CY -
VL - 83
IS -
PG - 102668
SP - 102668
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2020.102668
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - China’s aggressive measures have slowed the coronavirus. They may not work in
other countries
AU - Cohen, Kai Kupferschmidt
AU - Jon
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The question now is whether the world can take lessons from China’s apparent
success—and whether the massive lockdowns and electronic surveillance measures
imposed by an authoritarian government would work in other countries. “When you
spend 20, 30 years in this business it’s like, ‘Seriously, you’re going to try and
change that with those tactics?’” says Bruce Aylward, a Canadian WHO epidemiologist
who led the international team and briefed journalists about its findings in
Beijing and Geneva last week. “Hundreds of thousands of people in China did not get
COVID-19 because of this aggressive response.”
JO - Science
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
UR - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/china-s-aggressive-measures-have-
slowed-coronavirus-they-may-not-work-other-countries
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Covid-19: a digital epidemic
AU - Chiolero, Arnaud
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The covid-19 epidemic is not only viral—it is also digital.1Information
spread through social and traditional media, as well as through governmental or
health agencies, has reached …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m764
SP - m764
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m764
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Preparedness and proactive infection control measures against the emerging
novel coronavirus in China
AU - Cheng, V. C. C.
AU - Wong, S. C.
AU - To, K. K. W.
AU - Ho, P. L.
AU - Yuen, K. Y.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 104
IS - 3
PG - 254-255
SP - 254
EP - 255
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Pipeline: an Overview
AU - Chen, Wen-Hsiang
AU - Strych, Ulrich
AU - Hotez, Peter J.
AU - Bottazzi, Maria Elena
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The goal of this review is to provide a timely overview on efforts to develop
a vaccine for the 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of
coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
JO - Current Tropical Medicine Reports
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s40475-020-00201-6
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40475-020-00201-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Hospital Emergency Management Plan During the COVID-19 Epidemic
AU - Cao, Yubin
AU - Li, Qin
AU - Chen, Jing
AU - Guo, Xia
AU - Miao, Cheng
AU - Yang, Hui
AU - Chen, Zihang
AU - Li, Chunjie
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Abstract The confirmed and suspected cases of the 2019 novel coronavirus
disease (COVID-19) have increased not only in Wuhan, Hubei Province but also China
and the world. Enormous demand for handling the COVID-19 outbreak challenged both
the healthcare personnel and medical supply system. In West China Hospital,
Emergency Department (ED) undertook the mission of clinical reception, primary
diagnosis, and interim treatment for the suspected cases of COVID-19.
JO - Academic Emergency Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL - n/a
IS - n/a
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1111/acem.13951
UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.13951
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - SARS-CoV-2 infection in children: Transmission dynamics and clinical
characteristics
AU - Cao, Qing
AU - Chen, Yi-Ching
AU - Chen, Chyi-Liang
AU - Chiu, Cheng-Hsun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2020.02.009
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Responding to health emergencies in the Eastern Mediterranean region in times
of conflict
AU - Brennan, Richard
AU - Hajjeh, Rana
AU - Al-Mandhari, Ahmed
PY -
PD -
N2 - WHO's Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR) is facing emergencies on a scale
that is perhaps unprecedented in its history. There is armed conflict in 12 of the
region's 22 countries.1 , 2 The region's 680 million people3 represent 9% of the
global population, yet the EMR is home to 43% of those who need humanitarian
assistance4 and is the source of 64% of the world's refugees.5 The health effects
of these crises are immense. Direct health consequences include trauma-related
deaths and disability, gender-based violence, and mental disorders. Disruption of
health systems contributes to increased morbidity and mortality from infectious
diseases, malnutrition, obstetric complications, and non-communicable diseases
(NCDs). Health indicators in the EMR are among the worst in the world.6 State
fragility and conflict are among the biggest challenges to attainment of
Sustainable Development Goal 3.7 Conflict is a global health security threat
because affected countries are less able to prevent, detect, and respond to disease
outbreaks. More than 70% of disease outbreaks worldwide occur in fragile and
conflict-affected settings.8 Yemen has experienced the largest cholera outbreak in
history.9 During the second half of 2019, there were six concurrent disease
outbreaks in Sudan.10 Wild polio virus returned to Syria due to conflict,11 while
Afghanistan and Pakistan are two of three countries where the virus remains
endemic.12 The average International Health Regulations (IHR) core capacity score
is much lower for the 12 conflict-affected countries than for the other countries
in the region,6 placing them at greater risk of spread and public health
consequences of the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and
other epidemic-prone diseases. WHO's global COVID-19 strategic preparedness and
response plan13 therefore prioritises countries with weak health systems for
technical and operational support from international partners. COVID-19 has already
affected ten countries in the region, as of Feb 28, 2020, including Afghanistan,
Iraq, and Pakistan.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30069-6
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30069-6
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Tracking online heroisation and blame in epidemics
AU - Atlani-Duault, Laëtitia
AU - Ward, Jeremy K.
AU - Roy, Melissa
AU - Morin, Céline
AU - Wilson, Andrew
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 5
IS - 3
PG - e137-e138
SP - e137
EP - e138
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30033-5
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - On the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak and the Smart City Network: Universal
Data Sharing Standards Coupled with Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Benefit Urban
Health Monitoring and Management
AU - Allam, Zaheer
AU - Jones, David S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As the Coronavirus (COVID-19) expands its impact from China, expanding its
catchment into surrounding regions and other countries, increased national and
international measures are being taken to contain the outbreak. The placing of
entire cities in ‘lockdown’ directly affects urban economies on a multi-lateral
level, including from social and economic standpoints. This is being emphasised as
the outbreak gains ground in other countries, leading towards a global health
emergency, and as global collaboration is sought in numerous quarters. However,
while effective protocols in regard to the sharing of health data is emphasised,
urban data, on the other hand, specifically relating to urban health and safe city
concepts, is still viewed from a nationalist perspective as solely benefiting a
nation’s economy and its economic and political influence. This perspective paper,
written one month after detection and during the outbreak, surveys the virus
outbreak from an urban standpoint and advances how smart city networks should work
towards enhancing standardization protocols for increased data sharing in the event
of outbreaks or disasters, leading to better global understanding and management of
the same.
JO - Healthcare
PB -
CY -
VL - 8
IS - 1
PG - 46
SP - 46
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/healthcare8010046
UR - https://doaj.org/article/456f722c3ff649de91ebe53a0f1bf827 © 2020 Clarivate
Analytics
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Journal of Hospital Infection to move to Article-Based Publishing
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 104
IS - 3
PG - 245
SP - 245
EP -
AN -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Tropical Medicine & International Health March 2020
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Editorial An editorial on the COVID-19 epidemic summarizes the current
knowledge about the disease and the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus. In particular,
characteristics of the virus and treatment options are addressed
JO - Tropical Medicine & International Health
PB -
CY -
VL - 25
IS - 3
PG - 277-277
SP - 277
EP - 277
AN -
DO - 10.1111/tmi.13254
UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13254
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Editor's Note
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - A few years ago, when I wrote an editorial note, there was an unseasonable
heavy snowfall,making the city of Tokyo havoc. This time the cause is the 2019
Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2).Infection by this novel virus had become grave news
involving the whole world by the end ofJanuary. Now, as I am writing this, there is
no cure, and the number of patients is also increasingday by day in Japan. Masks
are out of stock throughout the city, and I have heard that people queueup for few
masks in front of drug stores from early in the morning.The effectiveness of
wearing a mask to prevent infection is limited. What is the cause of such
asituation? As a matter of fact, in an epidemic of infection, the most serious
problem is not infectionitself, but unscientific rumors and people who are easily
swayed by them. Avoidance of vaccinationby insisting that vaccines have no effect
or that they are harmful to the body is fundamentally thesame. The anti-vaccination
movement still exists despite the evidence-based medicine, and thereare concerns
about its expansion. However, even with scientific evidence, it is not easy to
persuadeanti-vaccinationists, and this is the moment, when we, academia, feel
powerless.Nevertheless, we should not be discouraged. The mission of academia is to
conduct reliableresearch. Reliable data are obtained from such research, and
scientific solution of the problemssteadily proceed. Based on the outcomes of these
data and solutions, scientists themselves shouldcreate the methods of advocacy and
persuasion or rely on experts in this area.However, scientists should solve the
problems with science. Academic journals such as theJuntendo Medical Journal may be
of marked significance in this regard. It is important to get theexcellent
findings, but even negative data need to be published somewhere and shared
amongvarious people, whenever they lead to academically important questions. Such
data promote thediscussions, deeper research perspectives, and new themes.
Submitting articles in English has beenestablished in the Juntendo Medical Journal.
The journal will achieve further progress in the nearfuture.Toshihiro
MitaDepartment of Tropical Medicine and ParasitologyCall for feature article
proposalsTo introduce the latest medical findings, Juntendo Medical Journal
features a specific focus areafor each issue. We would like to request all our
readers to address any suggestions or proposals forsuitable focus areas to our
editorial office.
JO - Juntendo Medical Journal
PB -
CY -
VL - 66
IS - 1
PG - 98-99
SP - 98
EP - 99
AN -
DO - 10.14789/jmj.2020.66.1-en
UR - https://dx.doi.org/10.14789/jmj.2020.66.1-EN
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Epidemic trend of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in mainland China
AU - Zhu, Z. B.
AU - Zhong, C. K.
AU - Zhang, K. X.
AU - Dong, C.
AU - Peng, H.
AU - Xu, T.
AU - Wang, A. L.
AU - Guo, Z. R.
AU - Zhang, Y. H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: In order to master the epidemic trend of corona virus disease 2019
(COVID-19) and evaluate the effect of prevention and control, we evaluate the
epidemic dynamics of COVID-19 in mainland China, Hubei province, Wuhan city and
other provinces outside Hubei from January 16 to February 14, 2020. Methods: We
collected the daily number of new confirmed COVID-19 cases by nucleic acid
detection reported by the National Health Commission from January 16, 2020 to
February 14, 2020. The analysis includes the epidemic curve of the new confirmed
cases, multiple of the new confirmed cases for period-over-period, multiple of the
new confirmed cases for fixed-base, and the period-over-period growth rate of the
new confirmed cases. Results: From January 16 to February 14, 2020, the cumulative
number of new confirmed cases of COVID-19 in mainland China was 50 031, including
37 930 in Hubei province, 22 883 in Wuhan city and 12 101 in other provinces
outside Hubei. The peak of the number of new confirmed cases in other provinces
outside Hubei was from January 31 to February 4, 2020, and the peak of new
confirmed cases in Wuhan city and Hubei province was from February 5 to February 9,
2020. The number of new confirmed cases in other provinces outside Hubei showed a
significant decline (23% compared with the peak) from February 5 to February 9,
2020, while the number of new confirmed cases in Wuhan city (30% compared with the
peak) and Hubei Province (37% compared with the peak) decreased significantly from
February 10 to February 14, 2020. Conclusion: The epidemic prevention and control
measures taken by the state and governments at all levels have shown very
significant effects, effectively curbing the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic in
China.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E022-E022
SP - E022
EP - E022
AN - 32125133
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200222-00163
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China Development and validation of
knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire for prevention of respiratory tract
infections among Malaysian Hajj pilgrims
AU - Zhu, Hengbo
AU - Wei, Li
AU - Niu, Ping
AU - Goni, Mohammed Dauda
AU - Naing, Nyi Nyi
AU - Hasan, Habsah
AU - Wan-Arfah, Nadiah
AU - Deris, Zakuan Zainy
AU - Arifin, Wan Nor
AU - Hussin, Tengku Mohammad Ariff Raja
AU - Abdulrahman, Abdulwali Sabo
AU - Baaba, Aisha Abubakar
AU - Arshad, Muhammad Rafie
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, or COVID-19) epidemic first broke out in
Wuhan and has been spreading in whole China and the world. The numbers of new
infections and deaths in Wuhan are still increasing, which have posed major public
health and governance concerns. A series of mandatory actions have been taken by
the municipal and provincial governments supported by the central government, such
as measures to restrict travels across cities, case detection and contact tracing,
quarantine, guidance and information to the public, detection kit development, etc.
Challenges such as lacking effective drugs, insufficient hospital services and
medical supplies, logistics, etc. have much alleviated with the solidarity of the
whole society. The pandemic will definitely be ended with the continuous efforts of
both national and international multi-sectoral bodies. Hajj pilgrimage faces
numerous challenges including a high prevalence of respiratory tract infection as
well as its prevention strategies. The aim of this study was to develop and
validate a questionnaire to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards
respiratory tract infections (RTIs) prevention among Malaysian Hajj pilgrims.
PB -
CY -
VL - 5
IS - 1
PG - 6
SP - 6
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1186/s41256-020-00135-6 10.1186/s12889-020-8269-9
UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-020-00135-6 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-
020-8269-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Individualized treatment recommendations for lung cancer patients at
different stages of treatment during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease
epidemic
AU - Zhao, Z.
AU - Bai, H.
AU - Duan, J. C.
AU - Wang, J.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In order to achieve the overall victory of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease
epidemic in this 'war', especially to prevent the disease recurrence from
rebounding during the resumption of labor, the government has not loosened any
control of personnel mobility, which has obviously affected the normal examination
and treatment of lung cancer patients under the influence of this epidemic. During
the epidemic period, cancer patients with low immunity levels face the double
ordeals of disease and epidemic situation. Compared with the general population,
they are more likely to be infected with the new coronavirus. Among the infected
cancer patients, lung cancer is the most common type. It is necessary to provide
more appropriate individualized treatment recommendations for patients with lung
cancer based on the epidemic situation of the patient's location and in combination
with the patient's own condition. Through active prevention of infection, timely
conversion of treatment strategies, online and offline joint control, and positive
psychological counseling, we significantly hope to help patients with lung cancer
to survive this difficult period.
PB -
CY -
VL - 42
IS - 0
PG - E007-E007
SP - E007
EP - E007
AN - 32125130
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200228-00146
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Relation Between Chest CT Findings and Clinical Conditions of Coronavirus
Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia: A Multicenter Study
AU - Zhao, Wei
AU - Zhong, Zheng
AU - Xie, Xingzhi
AU - Yu, Qizhi
AU - Liu, Jun
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - OBJECTIVE. The increasing number of cases of confirmed coronavirus disease
(COVID-19) in China is striking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the
relation between chest CT findings and the clinical conditions of COVID-19
pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Data on 101 cases of COVID-19 pneumonia were
retrospectively collected from four institutions in Hunan, China. Basic clinical
characteristics and detailed imaging features were evaluated and compared between
two groups on the basis of clinical status: nonemergency (mild or common disease)
and emergency (severe or fatal disease). RESULTS. Patients 21-50 years old
accounted for most (70.2%) of the cohort, and five (5.0%) patients had disease
associated with a family outbreak. Most patients (78.2%) had fever as the onset
symptom. Most patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had typical imaging features, such
as ground-glass opacities (GGO) (87 [86.1%]) or mixed GGO and consolidation (65
[64.4%]), vascular enlargement in the lesion (72 [71.3%]), and traction
bronchiectasis (53 [52.5%]). Lesions present on CT images were more likely to have
a peripheral distribution (88 [87.1%]) and bilateral involvement (83 [82.2%]) and
be lower lung predominant (55 [54.5%]) and multifocal (55 [54.5%]). Patients in the
emergency group were older than those in the non-emergency group. Architectural
distortion, traction bronchiectasis, and CT involvement score aided in evaluation
of the severity and extent of the disease. CONCLUSION. Patients with confirmed
COVID-19 pneumonia have typical imaging features that can be helpful in early
screening of highly suspected cases and in evaluation of the severity and extent of
disease. Most patients with COVID-19 pneumonia have GGO or mixed GGO and
consolidation and vascular enlargement in the lesion. Lesions are more likely to
have peripheral distribution and bilateral involvement and be lower lung
predominant and multifocal. CT involvement score can help in evaluation of the
severity and extent of the disease.
JO - AJR Am J Roentgenol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1-6
SP - 1
EP - 6
AN - 32125873
DO - 10.2214/AJR.20.22976
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Imaging changes in severe COVID-19 pneumonia
AU - Zhang, Wei
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Intensive Care Med
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1007/s00134-020-05976-w
SP - 10.1007/s00134
EP - 020
AN - 32125453
DO - 10.1007/s00134-020-05976-w
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical trials for the treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A
rapid response to urgent need
AU - He, Yudi
AU - Xu, Wenshuai
AU - Ma, Aiping
AU - Yang, Yanli
AU - Xu, Kai-Feng
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Clinical trial for COVID-19 was first registered on January 23, 2020. In the
last few weeks, an escalating number of clinical trials has been planned and
registered with ongoing investigations taking place. From the Chinese Clinical
Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn) and U.S. National Library of Medicine
Clinical Trial Registry (https://clinicaltrials. gov), there are 125 clinical
trials registered by February 18, 2020, focusing on the treatment of COVID-19.
There is an upward trend on the number of registered clinical trials (Figure 1).
Among the 125 clinical trials on treatment, 33.3% used anti-viral agents, 14.7%
anti-inflammation or immunomodulators, 33.3% herbs or traditional Chinese medicine
(TCM), 9.3% cell-based therapy, 2.3% antioxidation and 7.0% other approaches.
Pharmaceutical companies, government, institutions, physicians and scientists are
the main force behind these researches. 17 years ago (2003), SARS affectedAU -
Zhang, Tengyue
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s11427-020-1660-2
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-020-1660-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Fecal specimen diagnosis 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia
AU - Zhang, JingCheng
AU - Wang, SaiBin
AU - Xue, YaDong
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The emergence and spread of 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia (COVID-
19) from Wuhan, China, it has spread globally. We extracted the data on 14 patients
with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Jinhua Municipal Central hospital through
January 27th, 2020. We found that compared to pharyngeal swab specimens, nucleic
acid detection of COVID-19 in fecal specimens was equally accurate. And we found
that patients with a positive stool test did not experience gastrointestinal
symptoms and had nothing to do with the severity of the lung infection. These
results may help to understand the clinical diagnosis and the changes of clinical
parameters of COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights
reserved.
JO - J Med Virol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1002/jmv.25742
SP - 10.1002/jmv.25742
EP -
AN - 32124995
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25742
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular
mechanisms and potential therapeutic target
AU - Zhang, Haibo
AU - Penninger, Josef M.
AU - Li, Yimin
AU - Zhong, Nanshan
AU - Slutsky, Arthur S.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1007/s00134-020-05985-9
SP - 10.1007/s00134
EP - 020
AN - 32125455
DO - 10.1007/s00134-020-05985-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Public's early response to the novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia
AU - Zhan, Siyi
AU - Yang, Ying Ying
AU - Fu, Chuanxi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 1
PG - 534-534
SP - 534
EP - 534
AN - 32122250
DO - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1732232
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Epidemiologic Features and Clinical Course of Patients Infected With SARS-
CoV-2 in Singapore
AU - Young, Barnaby Edward
AU - Ong, Sean Wei Xiang
AU - Kalimuddin, Shirin
AU - Low, Jenny G.
AU - Tan, Seow Yen
AU - Loh, Jiashen
AU - Ng, Oon-Tek
AU - Marimuthu, Kalisvar
AU - Ang, Li Wei
AU - Mak, Tze Minn
AU - Lau, Sok Kiang
AU - Chan, Kian Sing
AU - Tan, Thean Yen
AU - Ng, Tong Yong
AU - Cui, Lin
AU - Said, Zubaidah
AU - Kurupatham, Lalitha
AU - Chen, Mark I. Cheng
AU - Chan, Monica
AU - Vasoo, Shawn
AU - Wang, Lin-Fa
AU - Tan, Boon Huan
AU - Lin, Raymond Tzer Pin
AU - Lee, Vernon Jian Ming
AU - Leo, Yee-Sin
AU - Lye, David Chien
AU - for the Singapore Novel Coronavirus Outbreak Research, Team
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in
Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has spread globally with sustained human-to-
human transmission outside China.To report the initial experience in Singapore with
the epidemiologic investigation of this outbreak, clinical features, and
management.Descriptive case series of the first 18 patients diagnosed with
polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at 4 hospitals in
Singapore from January 23 to February 3, 2020; final follow-up date was February
25, 2020.Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.Clinical, laboratory, and radiologic data
were collected, including PCR cycle threshold values from nasopharyngeal swabs and
viral shedding in blood, urine, and stool. Clinical course was summarized,
including requirement for supplemental oxygen and intensive care and use of
empirical treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir.Among the 18 hospitalized patients
with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (median age, 47 years; 9 [50%] women),
clinical presentation was an upper respiratory tract infection in 12 (67%), and
viral shedding from the nasopharynx was prolonged for 7 days or longer among 15
(83%). Six individuals (33%) required supplemental oxygen; of these, 2 required
intensive care. There were no deaths. Virus was detectable in the stool (4/8 [50%])
and blood (1/12 [8%]) by PCR but not in urine. Five individuals requiring
supplemental oxygen were treated with lopinavir-ritonavir. For 3 of the 5 patients,
fever resolved and supplemental oxygen requirement was reduced within 3 days,
whereas 2 deteriorated with progressive respiratory failure. Four of the 5 patients
treated with lopinavir-ritonavir developed nausea, vomiting, and/or diarrhea, and 3
developed abnormal liver function test results.Among the first 18 patients
diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Singapore, clinical presentation was
frequently a mild respiratory tract infection. Some patients required supplemental
oxygen and had variable clinical outcomes following treatment with an
antiretroviral agent.
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.3204
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis on the epidemic factors for the Corona Virus Disease
AU - Yang, H. Y.
AU - Duan, G. C.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since December 2019, corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) , an emerging
infection disease occurred in Wuhan, has spread in the mainland China. The epidemic
factors on the basis of knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 were discussed in this paper. This
puts a lot of pressure on clinical resources and care. SARS-CoV-2 is a novel corona
virus, the onset of COVID-19 is slow, and the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 remains
unclear and may lead to multiple organ damage. These put a lot of pressure on
clinical resources and care. Source of infection including the patients,
asymptomatic carrier and patients in the incubation period are contagious. It is
difficult to control source of infection. Routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission are
diversified and the main routes of transmission for COVID-19 are droplet
transmission and close contact transmission. All population have susceptibility to
SARS-CoV-2. Social factors such population movements and aggregation accelerated
the spread of SARS-CoV-2. The Chinese government's adopted measures are positive
and effective, and are accepted by the expert group from the World Health
Organization. However, it will be a long-term hard work in the future to seriously
summarize and think deeply to achieve public health security in China.
PB -
CY -
VL - 54
IS - 0
PG - E021-E021
SP - E021
EP - E021
AN - 32125129
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200227-00196
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Broad Spectrum Antiviral Agent Niclosamide and Its Therapeutic Potential
AU - Xu, Jimin
AU - Shi, Pei-Yong
AU - Li, Hongmin
AU - Zhou, Jia
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) highlights an
urgent need for therapeutics. Through a series of drug repurposing screening
campaigns, niclosamide, an FDA-approved anthelminthic drug, was found to be
effective against various viral infections with nanomolar to micromolar potency
such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, ZIKV, HCV and human adenovirus, indicating its
potential as an antiviral agent. In this brief article, we summarize the broad
antiviral activities of niclosamide and highlight its potential clinical use for
treatment of COVID-19.
JO - ACS Infect Dis
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00052
SP - 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00052
EP -
AN - 32125140
DO - 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00052
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The 2019-nCoV epidemic control strategies and future challenges of building
healthy smart cities
AU - Xu, Chunwen
AU - Luo, Xilian
AU - Yu, Chuck
AU - Cao, Shi-Jie
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - reported and confirmed on 31 December 2019, in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China,
which is one of China’s largest cities and a major domestic transport hub (located
in the central part of China, as shown in Figure 1).1 The epidemic is attracting
worldwide concern due to its rapid spread and transmission rate between humans. On
30 January 2020, the International Health Regulations, Emergency Committee of the
World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak – a ‘public health emergency
of international concern’.2 On 8 February 2020 (24:00 GMT?+?8), there were 37,198
confirmed infections in China (including 811 deaths with a death ratio of 2.1%; and
6188 patients were confirmed in serious condition and 28,942 suspected cases).3 The
COVID 19 infections were also reported in 26 other countries on 7 February 2020,
including Canada, the USA, Australia, India, Sri-Lanka, Cambodia, Thailand,
Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, the Republic of Korea, Sri Lanka, Japan,
Philippines, Nepal, United Arab Emirates, Russia, Italy, Germany, Sweden, Finland,
Belgium, Spain, France and the UK.4
JO - Indoor and Built Environment
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1420326X20910408
SP - 1420326X20910408
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1177/1420326X20910408
UR - https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326X20910408
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) CT distribution and sign features
AU - Wu, J.
AU - Feng, C. L.
AU - Xian, X. Y.
AU - Qiang, J.
AU - Zhang, J.
AU - Mao, Q. X.
AU - Kong, S. F.
AU - Chen, Y. C.
AU - Pan, J. P.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To investigate the imaging findings of 2019 novel coronavirus
pneumonia (COVID-19). Methods: From January 20 to February 5, 2020, a total of 130
patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from seven hospitals in China were collected. The
imaging data were reviewed and analyzed in detail. Results: (1) Distribution: the
lesion detected in the lung unilaterally in 14 cases (10.7%) and bilaterally in 116
cases (89.3%). According to the distribution in the lobes of the lung, all cases
could be classified into subpleural distribution (102 cases, 78.4%), centrilobular
distribution (99 cases, 76.1%) and diffused distribution (8 cases, 6.1%). (2)
Number of lesions: single lesion 9 cases (6.9%); multiple lesions 113 cases
(86.9%), diffuse lesions 8 cases (6.1%). (3) Imaging density: 70 cases (53.8%) of
ground-glass opacity (GGO), 60 cases (46.2%) of GGO + consolidation. (4)
Accompanying signs: 100 cases (76.9%) with vascular thickening, 98 cases (75.3%)
with "pleural parallel sign" ; "intralobular septal thickening" in 100 cases
(76.9%); "halo sign" in 13 cases (10%); "reversed-halo sign" in 6 cases (4.6%);
pleural effusion in 3 cases (2.3 %), and pneumatocele in 2 cases (1.5%); no case
with pulmonary cavity. Among 35 patients that underwent follow-up CT, 21 patients
(60%) improved while 14 (40%) exacerbated. Conclusions: COVID-19 imaging
characteristic mainly has subpleural, centrilobular and diffused distribution. The
first two distributions can overlap or progress to diffused distribution. In the
later period, it was mainly manifested as organizing pneumonia and fibrosis. The
most valuable characteristic is the pleural parallel sign.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E030-E030
SP - E030
EP - E030
AN - 32125131
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200217-00106
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Thinking on Clinical rational use of TCM injection in the treatment of novel
coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19)
AU - Wang, Z. F.
AU - Wang, Y. P.
AU - Zhang, H. M.
AU - Fan, Y. P.
AU - Lü, C.
AU - Wang, Y. Y.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL - 100
IS - 0
PG - E016-E016
SP - E016
EP - E016
AN - 32122113
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.cn112137-20200221-00388
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Estimating the basic reproduction number of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
AU - Wang, Y.
AU - You, X. Y.
AU - Wang, Y. J.
AU - Peng, L. P.
AU - Du, Z. C.
AU - Gilmour, S.
AU - Yoneoka, D.
AU - Gu, J.
AU - Hao, C.
AU - Hao, Y. T.
AU - Li, J. H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: The number of confirmed and suspected cases of the COVID-19 in
Hubei province is still increasing. However, the estimations of the basic
reproduction number of COVID-19 varied greatly across studies. The objectives of
this study are 1) to estimate the basic reproduction number (R(0)) of COVID-19
reflecting the infectiousness of the virus and 2) to assess the effectiveness of a
range of controlling intervention. Method: The reported number of daily confirmed
cases from January 17 to February 8, 2020 in Hubei province were collected and used
for model fit. Four methods, the exponential growth (EG), maximum likelihood
estimation (ML), sequential Bayesian method (SB) and time dependent reproduction
numbers (TD), were applied to estimate the R(0). Result: Among the four methods,
the EG method fitted the data best. The estimated R(0) was 3.49 (95% CI: 3.42-3.58)
by using EG method. The R(0) was estimated to be 2.95 (95%CI: 2.86-3.03) after
taking control measures. Conclusion: In the early stage of the epidemic, it is
appropriate to estimate R(0) using the EG method. Meanwhile, timely and effective
control measures were warranted to further reduce the spread of COVID-19.
PB -
CY -
VL - 41
IS - 4
PG - 476-479
SP - 476
EP - 479
AN - 32125128
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200210-00086
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - A case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in a pregnant woman with preterm delivery
AU - Wang, Xiaotong
AU - Zhou, Zhiqiang
AU - Zhang, Jianping
AU - Zhu, Fengfeng
AU - Tang, Yongyan
AU - Shen, Xinghua
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - We presented a case of a 30-week pregnant woman with COVID-19 delivering a
healthy baby with no evidence of COVID-19.
JO - Clin Infect Dis
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - ciaa200
SP - ciaa200
EP -
AN - 32119083
DO - 10.1093/cid/ciaa200
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Science in the fight against the novel coronavirus disease
AU - Wang, Jian-Wei
AU - Cao, Bin
AU - Wang, Chen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000777
SP - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000777
EP -
AN - 32118642
DO - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000777
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Response to COVID-19 in Taiwan: Big Data Analytics, New Technology, and
Proactive Testing
AU - Wang, C. Jason
AU - Ng, Chun Y.
AU - Brook, Robert H.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1001/jama.2020.3151
SP - 10.1001/jama.2020.3151
EP -
AN - 32125371
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.3151
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
29 February 2020)
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - This is the fifth epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-
19), reported in Australia as at 19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 29
February 2020. It includes data on COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Australia, the
international situation and a review of current evidence.
PB -
CY -
VL - 44
IS -
PG - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.20
SP - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.20
EP -
AN - 32126197
DO - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.20
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2
AU - Tang, Xiaolu
AU - Wu, Changcheng
AU - Li, Xiang
AU - Song, Yuhe
AU - Yao, Xinmin
AU - Wu, Xinkai
AU - Duan, Yuange
AU - Zhang, Hong
AU - Wang, Yirong
AU - Qian, Zhaohui
AU - Cui, Jie
AU - Lu, Jian
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic started in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and
has since impacted a large portion of China and raised major global concern.
Herein, we investigated the extent of molecular divergence between SARS-CoV-2 and
other related coronaviruses. Although we found only 4% variability in genomic
nucleotides between SARS-CoV-2 and a bat SARS-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV;
RaTG13), the difference at neutral sites was 17%, suggesting the divergence between
the two viruses is much larger than previously estimated. Our results suggest that
the development of new variations in functional sites in the receptor-binding
domain (RBD) of the spike seen in SARS-CoV-2 and viruses from pangolin SARSr-CoVs
are likely caused by mutations and natural selection besides recombination.
Population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes indicated that these viruses
evolved into two major types (designated L and S), that are well defined by two
different SNPs that show nearly complete linkage across the viral strains sequenced
to date. Although the L type (∼70%) is more prevalent than the S type (∼30%), the S
type was found to be the ancestral version. Whereas the L type was more prevalent
in the early stages of the outbreak in Wuhan, the frequency of the L type decreased
after early January 2020. Human intervention may have placed more severe selective
pressure on the L type, which might be more aggressive and spread more quickly. On
the other hand, the S type, which is evolutionarily older and less aggressive,
might have increased in relative frequency due to relatively weaker selective
pressure. These findings strongly support an urgent need for further immediate,
comprehensive studies that combine genomic data, epidemiological data, and chart
records of the clinical symptoms of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-
19).
JO - National Science Review
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1093/nsr/nwaa036
UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa036
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Potential Factors Influencing Repeated SARS Outbreaks in China
AU - Sun, Zhong
AU - Thilakavathy, Karuppiah
AU - Kumar, S. S.
AU - He, Guozhong
AU - Liu, V. Shi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Within last 17 years two widespread epidemics of severe acute respiratory
syndrome (SARS) occurred in China, which were caused by related coronaviruses
(CoVs): SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Although the origin(s) of these viruses are still
unknown and their occurrences in nature are mysterious, some general patterns of
their pathogenesis and epidemics are noticeable. Both viruses utilize the same
receptor—angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)—for invading human
bodies. Both epidemics occurred in cold dry winter seasons celebrated with major
holidays, and started in regions where dietary consumption of wildlife is a
fashion. Thus, if bats were the natural hosts of SARS-CoVs, cold temperature and
low humidity in these times might provide conducive environmental conditions for
prolonged viral survival in these regions concentrated with bats. The widespread
existence of these bat-carried or -released viruses might have an easier time in
breaking through human defenses when harsh winter makes human bodies more
vulnerable. Once succeeding in making some initial human infections, spreading of
the disease was made convenient with increased social gathering and holiday travel.
These natural and social factors influenced the general progression and trajectory
of the SARS epidemiology. However, some unique factors might also contribute to the
origination of SARS in Wuhan. These factors are discussed in different scenarios in
order to promote more research for achieving final validation.
JO - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
PB -
CY -
VL - 17
IS - 5
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/ijerph17051633
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Active Monitoring of Persons Exposed to Patients with Confirmed COVID-19 —
United States, January–February 2020
AU - Sara Rudman
AU - Sarah Scott
AU - Aron J. Hall Alicia M. Fry
AU - Melissa A. Rolfes, Rachel M. Burke
AU - Claire M. Midgley
AU - Alissa Dratch
AU - Marty Fenstersheib
AU - Thomas Haupt
AU - Michelle Holshue
AU - Isaac Ghinai
AU - M. Claire Jarashow
AU - Jennifer Lo
AU - Tristan D. McPherson;
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused
by the virus SARS-CoV-2, began in Wuhan, China (1). The disease spread widely in
China, and, as of February 26, 2020, COVID-19 cases had been identified in 36 other
countries and territories, including the United States. Person-to-person
transmission has been widely documented, and a limited number of countries have
reported sustained person-to-person spread.* On January 20, state and local health
departments in the United States, in collaboration with teams deployed from CDC,
began identifying and monitoring all persons considered to have had close contact†
with patients with confirmed COVID-19 (2). The aims of these efforts were to ensure
rapid evaluation and care of patients, limit further transmission, and better
understand risk factors for transmission.
JO - MMWR and Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6909e1external
UR - https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6909e1.htm?s_cid=mm6909e1_w#
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): Update on 3rd Coronavirus Outbreak of 21st
Century
AU - Sahu, Kamal Kant
AU - Mishra, Ajay Kumar
AU - Lal, Amos
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - QJM
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - hcaa081
SP - hcaa081
EP -
AN - 32125418
DO - 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa081
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data
of 150 patients from Wuhan, China
AU - Ruan, Qiurong
AU - Yang, Kun
AU - Wang, Wenxia
AU - Jiang, Lingyu
AU - Song, Jianxin
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1007/s00134-020-05991-x
SP - 10.1007/s00134
EP - 020
AN - 32125452
DO - 10.1007/s00134-020-05991-x
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19 in Latin America: The implications of the first confirmed case in
Brazil
AU - Gallego, Viviana
AU - Escalera-Antezana, Juan Pablo
AU - Mendez, Claudio A.
AU - Zambrano, Lysien I.
AU - Franco-Paredes, Carlos
AU - Suárez, Jose A.
AU - Rodriguez-Enciso, Hernan D.
AU - Balbin-Ramon, Graciela Josefina
AU - Savio-Larriera, Eduardo
AU - Risquez, Alejandro
AU - Cimerman, Sergio
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Travel Med Infect Dis
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 101613-101613
SP - 101613
EP - 101613
AN - 32126292
DO - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101613
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Sixty seconds on . . . beards
AU - Rimmer, Abi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Now calm down, we’re not about to start dolling out fashion tips for your
facial fuzz. We’re talking about how having a hairy face could stop protective face
masks from fitting properly.It can do. Derek Sandeman, the medical director of the
University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, has written to his clinical
staff asking anyone working in high risk …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m811
SP - m811
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m811
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical characteristics and outcomes of 112 cardiovascular disease patients
infected by 2019-nCoV
AU - Peng, Y. D.
AU - Meng, K.
AU - Guan, H. Q.
AU - Leng, L.
AU - Zhu, R. R.
AU - Wang, B. Y.
AU - He, M. A.
AU - Cheng, L. X.
AU - Huang, K.
AU - Zeng, Q. T.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis of the new
coronavirus 2019-nCoV patients combined with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods:
A retrospective analysis was performed on 112 COVID-19 patients with CVD admitted
to the western district of Union Hospital in Wuhan, from January 20, 2020 to
February 15, 2020. They were divided into critical group (ICU, n=16) and general
group (n=96) according to the severity of the disease and patients were followed up
to the clinical endpoint. The observation indicators included total blood count, C-
reactive protein (CRP), arterial blood gas analysis, myocardial injury markers,
coagulation function, liver and kidney function, electrolyte, procalcitonin (PCT),
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), blood lipid, pulmonary CT and pathogen detection.
Results: Compared with the general group, the lymphocyte count (0.74×10(9)
(0.34×10(9), 0.94×10(9))/L vs. 0.99×10(9) (0.71×10(9), 1.29×10(9))/L, P=0.03) was
extremely lower in the critical group, CRP (106.98 (81.57, 135.76) mg/L vs. 34.34
(9.55,76.54) mg/L, P<0.001) and PCT (0.20 (0.15,0.48) μg/L vs. 0.11
(0.06,0.20)μg/L, P<0.001) were significantly higher in the critical group. The BMI
of the critical group was significantly higher than that of the general group (25.5
(23.0, 27.5) kg/m(2) vs. 22.0 (20.0, 24.0) kg/m(2), P=0.003). Patients were further
divided into non-survivor group (17, 15.18%) group and survivor group (95, 84.82%).
Among the non-survivors, there were 88.24% (15/17) patients with BMI> 25 kg/m(2),
which was significantly higher than that of survivors (18.95% (18/95), P<0.001).
Compared with the survived patients, oxygenation index (130 (102, 415) vs. 434
(410, 444), P<0.001) was significantly lower and lactic acid (1.70 (1.30, 3.00)
mmol/L vs. 1.20 (1.10, 1.60) mmol/L, P<0.001) was significantly higher in the non-
survivors. There was no significant difference in the proportion of ACEI/ARB
medication between the critical group and the general group or between non-
survivors and survivors (all P>0.05). Conclusion: COVID-19 patients combined with
CVD are associated with a higher risk of mortality. Critical patients are
characterized with lower lymphocyte counts. Higher BMI are more often seen in
critical patients and non-survivor. ACEI/ARB use does not affect the morbidity and
mortality of COVID-19 combined with CVD. Aggravating causes of death include
fulminant inflammation, lactic acid accumulation and thrombotic events.
JO - Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi
PB -
CY -
VL - 48
IS - 0
PG - E004-E004
SP - E004
EP - E004
AN - 32120458
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200220-00105
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Backcalculating the Incidence of Infection with COVID-19 on the Diamond
Princess
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - To understand the time-dependent risk of infection on a cruise ship, the
Diamond Princess, I estimated the incidence of infection with novel coronavirus
(COVID-19). The epidemic curve of a total of 199 confirmed cases was drawn,
classifying individuals into passengers with and without close contact and crew
members. A backcalculation method was employed to estimate the incidence of
infection. The peak time of infection was seen for the time period from 2 to 4
February 2020, and the incidence has abruptly declined afterwards. The estimated
number of new infections among passengers without close contact was very small from
5 February on which a movement restriction policy was imposed. Without the
intervention from 5 February, it was predicted that the cumulative incidence with
and without close contact would have been as large as 1373 (95% CI: 570, 2176) and
766 (95% CI: 587, 946) cases, respectively, while these were kept to be 102 and 47
cases, respectively. Based on an analysis of illness onset data on board, the risk
of infection among passengers without close contact was considered to be very
limited. Movement restriction greatly reduced the number of infections from 5
February onwards.
JO - J Clin Med
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 3
PG - E657
SP - E657
EP -
AN - 32121356
DO - 10.3390/jcm9030657
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The coronavirus 2019-nCoV epidemic: Is hindsight 20/20?
AU - Malta, Monica
AU - Rimoin, Anne W.
AU - Strathdee, Steffanie A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - EClinicalMedicine
PB -
CY -
VL - 20
IS -
PG - 100289
SP - 100289
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100289
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Covid-19: retired doctors could be asked to return to work, says Hancock
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m831-m831
SP - m831
EP - m831
AN - 32122881
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m831
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Covid-19: UK could delay non-urgent care and call doctors back from leave and
retirement
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Healthcare staff on leave and those who have retired could be called “back to
duty,” and non-urgent care could be delayed, as doctors are forced to prioritise
dealing with covid-19, the UK government’s action plan lays out.The government will
also implement a “distribution strategy for the UK’s stockpiles of key medicines
and equipment (e.g. protective clothing),” the document said.However, the plan did
not include details of how or when these measures would be …
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m854
SP - m854
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m854
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Management and clinical thinking of Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU - Ma, K.
AU - Chen, T.
AU - Han, M. F.
AU - Guo, W.
AU - Ning, Q.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP, officially named
Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) by the World Health Organization) broke out in
Wuhan, Hubei, and it quickly spread to the whole country and abroad. The situation
was at stake. The sudden and serious COVID-19 epidemic has brought us a lot of
urgent problems. How to effectively control the spread of COVID-19? When does the
population infection rate rise to its peak? What will eventually be the number of
infected patients? How to make early diagnosis? What effective antiviral drugs are
available? How to effectively treat with existing drugs? Can it successfully
improve the survival rate of critically patients? In response to the above
questions, we put forward corresponding suggestions and reflections from the
perspective of the infectious clinician.
PB -
CY -
VL - 28
IS - 0
PG - E002-E002
SP - E002
EP - E002
AN - 32125126
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2020.0002
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Expert recommendations on the management of patients with advanced non-small
cell lung cancer during epidemic of COVID-19 (Trial version)
AU - Lung Cancer Study Group, Chinese Thoracic Society Chinese Medical Association
AU - Chinese Respiratory Oncology, Collaboration
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a public
health emergency of major international concern. Given the systemic
immunosuppressive state caused by malignancy and anticancer treatments, patients
with advanced lung cancer may be at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection. During
epidemic of COVID-19, a guideline for the optimal management of patients with
advanced lung cancer urgently needs to be proposed to distinguish the symptoms of
COVID-19 and the side effects of antitumor drugs. This network questionnaire survey
was conducted on the lung cancer group of the Chinese Thoracic Society, Chinese
Medical Association; the lung cancer group of the Chinese Society of Clinical
Oncology Youth Committee; and the Chinese Respiratory Oncology Collaboration. 321
valid questionnaires were received. Based on the guidelines on lung cancer and the
results of the questionnaires, a consensus was reached. During the epidemic of
COVID-19, We recommended that patients with advanced NSCLC should be treated as
outpatients as possible at the nearest medical center; Patients who need to be
hospitalized for antitumor treatment should be excluded from COVID-19 infection;
More intensive attention should be paid to identification of COVID-19-related
symptoms and adverse reactions caused by the malignancy or antitumor treatments.
Stronger personal protection should be made for advanced NSCLC patients; An
intentional postponing of antitumor treatment should be considered according to
patient performance status. Treatment strategies should be made according to
different types of advanced NSCLC patients and efficacy and toxicity of drugs.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E031-E031
SP - E031
EP - E031
AN - 32125132
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200221-00138
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis of factors associated with disease outcomes in hospitalized patients
with 2019 novel coronavirus disease
AU - Liu, Wei
AU - Tao, Zhao-Wu
AU - Lei, Wang
AU - Ming-Li, Yuan
AU - Kui, Liu
AU - Ling, Zhou
AU - Shuang, Wei
AU - Yan, Deng
AU - Jing, Liu
AU - Liu, Hui-Guo
AU - Ming, Yang
AU - Yi, Hu
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - BACKGROUND: Since early December 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus disease
(COVID-19) has caused pneumonia epidemic in Wuhan, Hubei province of China. This
study aims to investigate the factors affecting the progression of pneumonia in
COVID-19 patients. Associated results will be used to evaluate the prognosis and to
find the optimal treatment regimens for COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: Patients
tested positive for the COVID-19 based on nucleic acid detection were included in
this study. Patients were admitted to 3 tertiary hospitals in Wuhan between
December 30, 2019, and January 15, 2020. Individual data, laboratory indices,
imaging characteristics, and clinical data were collected, and statistical analysis
was performed. Based on clinical typing results, the patients were divided into a
progression group or an improvement/stabilization group. Continuous variables were
analyzed using independent samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical
variables were analyzed using Chi-squared test or Fisher exact test. Logistic
regression analysis was performed to explore the risk factors for disease
progression. RESULTS: Seventy-eight patients with COVID-19-induced pneumonia met
the inclusion criteria and were included in this study. Efficacy evaluation at 2
weeks after hospitalization indicated that 11 patients (14.1%) had deteriorated,
and 67 patients (85.9%) had improved/stabilized. The patients in the progression
group were significantly older than those in the disease improvement/stabilization
group (66 [51, 70] vs. 37 [32, 41] years, U = 4.932, P = 0.001). The progression
group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with a history of smoking
than the improvement/stabilization group (27.3% vs. 3.0%, χ = 9.291, P = 0.018).
For all the 78 patients, fever was the most common initial symptom, and the maximum
body temperature at admission was significantly higher in the progression group
than in the improvement/stabilization group (38.2 [37.8, 38.6] vs. 37.5 [37.0,
38.4]°C, U = 2.057, P = 0.027). Moreover, the proportion of patients with
respiratory failure (54.5% vs. 20.9%, χ = 5.611, P = 0.028) and respiratory rate
(34 [18, 48] vs. 24 [16, 60] breaths/min, U = 4.030, P = 0.004) were significantly
higher in the progression group than in the improvement/stabilization group. C-
reactive protein was significantly elevated in the progression group compared to
the improvement/stabilization group (38.9 [14.3, 64.8] vs. 10.6 [1.9, 33.1] mg/L,
U = 1.315, P = 0.024). Albumin was significantly lower in the progression group
than in the improvement/stabilization group (36.62 ± 6.60 vs. 41.27 ± 4.55 g/L, U
= 2.843, P = 0.006). Patients in the progression group were more likely to receive
high-level respiratory support than in the improvement/stabilization group (χ =
16.01, P = 0.001). Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that age (odds ratio
[OR], 8.546; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.628-44.864; P = 0.011), history of
smoking (OR, 14.285; 95% CI: 1.577-25.000; P = 0.018), maximum body temperature at
admission (OR, 8.999; 95% CI: 1.036-78.147, P = 0.046), respiratory failure (OR,
8.772, 95% CI: 1.942-40.000; P = 0.016), albumin (OR, 7.353, 95% CI: 1.098-50.000;
P = 0.003), and C-reactive protein (OR, 10.530; 95% CI: 1.224-34.701, P = 0.028)
were risk factors for disease progression. CONCLUSIONS: Several factors that led to
the progression of COVID-19 pneumonia were identified, including age, history of
smoking, maximum body temperature on admission, respiratory failure, albumin, C-
reactive protein. These results can be used to further enhance the ability of
management of COVID-19 pneumonia.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000775
SP - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000775
EP -
AN - 32118640
DO - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000775
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Community Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2,
Shenzhen, China, 2020
AU - Liu, Jiaye
AU - Liao, Xuejiao
AU - Qian, Shen
AU - Yuan, Jing
AU - Wang, Fuxiang
AU - Liu, Yingxia
AU - Wang, Zhaoqin
AU - Wang, Fu-Sheng
AU - Liu, Lei
AU - Zhang, Zheng
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Since early January 2020, after the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus
infection in Wuhan, China, ≈365 confirmed cases have been reported in Shenzhen,
China. The mode of community and intrafamily transmission is threatening residents
in Shenzhen. Strategies to strengthen prevention and interruption of these
transmissions should be urgently addressed.
PB -
CY -
VL - 26
IS - 6
PG - 10.3201/eid2606.200239
SP - 10.3201/eid2606.200239
EP -
AN - 32125269
DO - 10.3201/eid2606.200239
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Laboratory abnormalities in patients with COVID-2019 infection
AU - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU - Plebani, Mario
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Clin Chem Lab Med
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - /j/cclm.ahead-of-print/cclm-2020-0198/cclm-2020-0198.xml
SP - /j/cclm.ahead
EP - of
AN - 32119647
DO - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0198
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Solidarity with China as it holds the global front line during COVID-19
outbreak
AU - Lin, Leesa
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - J Travel Med
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - taaa027
SP - taaa027
EP -
AN - 32125432
DO - 10.1093/jtm/taaa027
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Helping the Radiologist: The Role of Scientific Journals to Help Prevent the
Spread of COVID-19
AU - Li, Xiaohu
AU - Qian, Yinfeng
AU - Liu, Bin
AU - Yu, Yongqiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Radiology
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 200661-200661
SP - 200661
EP - 200661
AN - 32125934
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2020200661
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Disease control of 2019-novel coronavirus infection in hospital: West China
urgent recommendation
AU - Li, S.
AU - Huang, W.
AU - Liao, X.
AU - Li, D.
AU - Du, L.
AU - Song, J.
AU - Zhou, Y.
AU - Zhao, S.
AU - Wang, Y.
AU - Cao, X.
AU - Wang, J.
AU - Liu, J.
AU - Zhu, S.
AU - Li, L.
AU - Hao, Q.
AU - Zong, Z.
AU - Sun, X.
AU - Li, W.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - China is facing the serious situation of 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
infection. The health care institutions have actively participated in the
prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease. Proper regulation of in-
hospital policy may help control virus spreading. We developed seven key clinical
questions about the prevention and control of 2019-novel coronavirus infection in a
hospital, and provided recommendations based on the best available evidence and
expert experience. We interpret the recommendations for better feasibility in
Chinese hospital. We hope to provide evidence and reference for the domestic
medical institutions to reasonably adjust the hospital workflow during 2019-nCoV
infection period.
JO - Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine
PB -
CY -
VL - 20
IS - 2
PG - 125-133
SP - 125
EP - 133
AN -
DO - 10.7507/1672-2531.202001121
subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004966979 http://dx.doi.org/10.7507/1672-
2531.202001121
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in 2019 novel coronavirus
disease: indications, timing, and implementation
AU - Li, Min
AU - Gu, Si-Chao
AU - Wu, Xiao-Jing
AU - Xia, Jin-Gen
AU - Zhang, Yi
AU - Zhan, Qing-Yuan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000778
SP - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000778
EP -
AN - 32118643
DO - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000778
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel coronavirus: how things are in Wuhan
AU - Khan, S.
AU - Nabi, G.
AU - Han, G.
AU - Siddique, R.
AU - Lian, S.
AU - Shi, H.
AU - Bashir, N.
AU - Ali, A.
AU - Shereen, M. A.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.02.005
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.02.005
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Epidemiological Identification of A Novel Pathogen in Real Time: Analysis of
the Atypical Pneumonia Outbreak in Wuhan, China, 2019-2020
AU - Jung, Sung-Mok
AU - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU - Yang, Yichi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Virological tests have now shown conclusively that a novel coronavirus is
causing the 2019-2020 atypical pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China. We demonstrate
that non-virological descriptive characteristics could have determined that the
outbreak is caused by a novel pathogen in advance of virological testing.
Characteristics of the ongoing outbreak were collected in real time from two
medical social media sites. These were compared against characteristics of eleven
pathogens that have previously caused cases of atypical pneumonia. The probability
that the current outbreak is due to "Disease X" (i.e., previously unknown etiology)
as opposed to one of the known pathogens was inferred, and this estimate was
updated as the outbreak continued. The probability (expressed as a percentage) that
Disease X is driving the outbreak was assessed as over 29% on 31 December 2019, one
week before virus identification. After some specific pathogens were ruled out by
laboratory tests on 5 January 2020, the inferred probability of Disease X was over
49%. We showed quantitatively that the emerging outbreak of atypical pneumonia
cases is consistent with causation by a novel pathogen. The proposed approach,
which uses only routinely observed non-virological data, can aid ongoing risk
assessments in advance of virological test results becoming available.
JO - J Clin Med
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 3
PG - E637
SP - E637
EP -
AN - 32120913
DO - 10.3390/jcm9030637
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Severe acute respiratory symptoms and suspected sars again 2020
AU - Hon, K. L.
AU - Leung, K. K. Y.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Hong Kong Medical Journal
PB -
CY -
VL - 26
IS - 1
PG - 78-79
SP - 78
EP - 79
AN -
DO - 10.12809/hkmj208375
http://dx.doi.org/10.12809/hkmj208375
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 5: Reporting week ending 19:00 AEDT
29 February 2020. COVID-19 National Incident Room Surveillance Team
AU - Health, Commonwealth of Australia as represented by the Department of
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - This is the fifth epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-
19), reported in Australia as at 19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 29
February 2020. It includes data on COVID19 cases diagnosed in Australia, the
international situation and a review of current evidence.
JO - Commun Dis Intell
PB -
CY -
VL - 44
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2020.44.20
UR -
https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/1D03BCB527F40C8BCA2
58503000302EB/
$File/covid_19_au_epi_report_5_reporting_week_ending_1900_aedt_29_feb_2020.pdf
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Understanding SARS-CoV-2-Mediated Inflammatory Responses: From Mechanisms to
Potential Therapeutic Tools
AU - Fu, Yajing
AU - Cheng, Yuanxiong
AU - Wu, Yuntao
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Currently there is no effective antiviral therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection,
which frequently leads to fatal inflammatory responses and acute lung injury. Here,
we discuss the various mechanisms of SARS-CoV-mediated inflammation. We also assume
that SARS-CoV-2 likely shares similar inflammatory responses. Potential therapeutic
tools to reduce SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammatory responses include various methods
to block FcR activation. In the absence of a proven clinical FcR blocker, the use
of intravenous immunoglobulin to block FcR activation may be a viable option for
the urgent treatment of pulmonary inflammation to prevent severe lung injury. Such
treatment may also be combined with systemic anti-inflammatory drugs or
corticosteroids. However, these strategies, as proposed here, remain to be
clinically tested for effectiveness.
JO - Virol Sin
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1007/s12250-020-00207-4
SP - 10.1007/s12250
EP - 020
AN - 32125642
DO - 10.1007/s12250-020-00207-4
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Covid-19: US health department staff sent to meet citizens returning from
China weren't protected, claims whistleblower
AU - Dyer, Owen
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - BMJ
PB -
CY -
VL - 368
IS -
PG - m833-m833
SP - m833
EP - m833
AN - 32122875
DO - 10.1136/bmj.m833
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Analyzing the Epidemiological Outbreak of COVID-19: A Visual Exploratory Data
Analysis (EDA) Approach
AU - Dey, Samrat Kumar
AU - Rahman, Md Mahbubur
AU - Siddiqi, Umme Raihan
AU - Howlader, Arpita
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - There is an obvious concern globally regarding the fact about the emerging
coronavirus 2019-nCoV as a worldwide public health threat. As the outbreak of
COVID-19 causes by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
progresses within China and beyond, rapidly available epidemiological data are
needed to guide strategies for situational awareness and intervention. The recent
outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan, China caused by the SARS-CoV-2 emphasizes the
importance of analyzing the epidemiological data of this novel virus and predicting
their risks of infecting people all around the globe. In this article, we present
an effort to compile and analyze epidemiological outbreak information on COVID-19
based on the several open datasets on Novel Corona Virus 2019 provided by the Johns
Hopkins University, World Health Organization (WHO), Chinese Center for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC), National Health Commission (NHC), and DXY. An
Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) with visualizations has been made in order to
understand the number of different cases reported (confirmed, death, recovered) in
different provinces of China and outside of China. Overall, at the outset of an
outbreak like this, it is highly important to readily provide information in order
to begin the evaluation necessary to understand the risks and begin containment
activities. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO - J Med Virol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1002/jmv.25743
SP - 10.1002/jmv.25743
EP -
AN - 32124990
DO - 10.1002/jmv.25743
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - The pandemic of social media panic travels faster than the COVID-19 outbreak
AU - Depoux, Anneliese
AU - Martin, Sam
AU - Karafillakis, Emilie
AU - Bsd, Raman Preet
AU - Wilder-Smith, Annelies
AU - Larson, Heidi
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - J Travel Med
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - taaa031
SP - taaa031
EP -
AN - 32125413
DO - 10.1093/jtm/taaa031
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Single-cell RNA sequencing data suggest a role for angiotensin-converting
enzyme 2 in kidney impairment in patients infected with 2019-nCoV
AU - Deng, Yi-Yao
AU - Zheng, Ying
AU - Cai, Guang-Yan
AU - Chen, Xiang-Mei
AU - Hong, Quan
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000783
SP - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000783
EP -
AN - 32118645
DO - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000783
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Recommendations for respiratory rehabilitation of COVID-19 in adult
AU - Chinese Association of Rehabilitation, Medicine
AU - Respiratory rehabilitation committee of Chinese Association of
Rehabilitation, Medicine
AU - Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation Group of Chinese Society of Physicai, Medicine
AU - Rehabilitation
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - COVID-19 is a highly infectious respiratory infection disease, which leads to
dysfunction of respiratory, physical, and psychological of the patients. pulmonary
rehabilitation is an important intervention for clinical patients as well as cure
patients. With the deeper cognition of COVID-19 and accumulation of clinical
experience, we proposed the recommendations for pulmonary rehabilitation of COVID-
19 in adults based on the opinions of front-line clinical experts involved in the
management of this epidemic and a review of the relevant literature and evidences:
1. for the inpatients with COVID-19, pulmonary rehabilitation would relieve the
symptoms of dyspnea, anxiety, and depression; eventually improve physical function
and the quality of life; 2. For severe/critical inpatients, the early performance
of pulmonary rehabilitation is not suggested. 3. For isolating patients, the
pulmonary rehabilitation guidence should be conducted through education video,
instruction manual or remote consultation. 4. Assessment and monitor should be
performed throughout the entire pulmonary rehabilitation process.5. Taking proper
grading protection following the guideline. These recommendations can serve as a
clinical practice guidence and basis for pulmonary rehabilitation of COVID-19.
PB -
CY -
VL - 43
IS - 0
PG - E029-E029
SP - E029
EP - E029
AN - 32125127
DO - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200228-00206
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - From SARS-CoV to 2019-nCoV Outbreak: Similarities in the Early Epidemics and
Prediction of Future Trends
AU - Chen, Ze-Liang
AU - Zhang, Wen-Jun
AU - Lu, Yi
AU - Guo, Cheng
AU - Guo, Zhong-Min
AU - Liao, Cong-Hui
AU - Zhang, Xi
AU - Zhang, Yi
AU - Han, Xiao-Hu
AU - Li, Qian-Lin
AU - Lu, Jia-Hai
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000776
SP - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000776
EP -
AN - 32118641
DO - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000776
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Distribution of the COVID-19 epidemic and correlation with population
emigration from wuhan, China
AU - Chen, Ze-Liang
AU - Zhang, Qi
AU - Lu, Yi
AU - Guo, Zhong-Min
AU - Zhang, Xi
AU - Zhang, Wen-Jun
AU - Guo, Cheng
AU - Liao, Cong-Hui
AU - Li, Qian-Lin
AU - Han, Xiao-Hu
AU - Lu, Jia-Hai
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - BACKGROUND: The ongoing new coronavirus pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019,
COVID-19) outbreak is spreading in China, but it has not yet reached its peak. Five
million people emigrated from Wuhan before lockdown, potentially representing a
source of virus infection. Determining case distribution and its correlation with
population emigration from Wuhan in the early stage of the epidemic is of great
importance for early warning and for the prevention of future outbreaks. METHODS:
The official case report on the COVID-19 epidemic was collected as of January 30,
2020. Time and location information on COVID-19 cases was extracted and analyzed
using ArcGIS and WinBUGS software. Data on population migration from Wuhan city and
Hubei province were extracted from Baidu Qianxi, and their correlation with the
number of cases was analyzed. RESULTS: The COVID-19 confirmed and death cases in
Hubei province accounted for 59.91% (5806/9692) and 95.77% (204/213) of the total
cases in China respectively. Hot spot provinces included Sichuan and Yunnan, which
are adjacent to Hubei. The time risk of Hubei province on the following day was
1.960 times that on the previous day. The number of cases in some cities was
relatively low, but the time risk appeared to be continuously rising. The
correlation coefficient between the provincial number of cases and emigration from
Wuhan was up to 0.943. The lockdown of 17 cities in Hubei province and the
implementation of nationwide control measures efficiently prevented an exponential
growth in the number of cases. CONCLUSIONS: The population that emigrated from
Wuhan was the main infection source in other cities and provinces. Some cities with
a low number of cases showed a rapid increase in case load. Owing to the upcoming
Spring Festival return wave, understanding the risk trends in different regions is
crucial to ensure preparedness at both the individual and organization levels and
to prevent new outbreaks.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000782
SP - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000782
EP -
AN - 32118644
DO - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000782
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 18 patients with corona virus
disease 2019 in intensive care unit
AU - Cao, Jianlei
AU - Hu, Xiaoyong
AU - Cheng, Wenlin
AU - Yu, Lei
AU - Tu, Wen-Jun
AU - Liu, Qiang
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s00134-020-05987-7
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05987-7
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19. The only certainty is the uncertainty
AU - Briem, Haraldur
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Laeknabladid
PB -
CY -
VL - 106
IS - 3
PG - 119-119
SP - 119
EP - 119
AN - 32124733
DO - 10.17992/lbl.2020.03.469
NS -
N1 - Qingxia Zhong (2020-03-04 22:55:19)(Screen): DOI problem;
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Novel Coronavirus and Hospital Infection Prevention: Preparing for the
Impromptu Speech
AU - Bearman, Gonzalo
AU - Pryor, Rachel
AU - Albert, Heather
AU - Brath, Lisa
AU - Britton, Amy
AU - Cooper, Kaila
AU - Doll, Michelle
AU - Godbout, Emily J.
AU - Hemphill, Robin
AU - Stevens, Michael P.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 1-7
SP - 1
EP - 7
AN - 32122422
DO - 10.1017/ice.2020.55
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - COVID-19: a novel coronavirus and a novel challenge for critical care
AU - Arabi, Yaseen M.
AU - Murthy, Srinivas
AU - Webb, Steve
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1007/s00134-020-05955-1
SP - 10.1007/s00134
EP - 020
AN - 32125458
DO - 10.1007/s00134-020-05955-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2): First Evidences From
International Scientific Literature and Pending Questions
AU - Amodio, Emanuele
AU - Vitale, Francesco
AU - Cimino, Livia
AU - Casuccio, Alessandra
AU - Tramuto, Fabio
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - On 31 December, 2019, a cluster of 27 pneumonia cases of unknown etiology was
reported by Chinese health authorities in Wuhan City (China) [...].
JO - Healthcare (Basel)
PB -
CY -
VL - 8
IS - 1
PG - E51
SP - E51
EP -
AN - 32120965
DO - 10.3390/healthcare8010051
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Optimization Method for Forecasting Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 in China
Prevention Is Better Than the Cure: Risk Management of COVID-19 Synthesis and
Bioactivity Assessment of Novel Spiro Pyrazole-Oxindole Congeners Exhibiting Potent
and Selective in vitro Anticancer Effects
AU - Al-qaness, A. A. Mohammed
AU - Ewees , A. Ahmed
AU - Fan, Hong
AU - Abd El Aziz , Mohamed
AU - Abo-Salem, M. Heba
AU - Nassrallah, Amr
AU - Soliman, A. F. Ahmed
AU - Ebied, S. Manal
AU - Elawady, E. Mohamed
AU - Abdelhamid, A. Sayeda
AU - El-Sawy, R. Eslam
AU - Al-Sheikh, A. Yazeed
AU - Aboul-Soud, A. M. Mourad
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - In December 2019, a novel coronavirus, called COVID-19, was discovered in
Wuhan, China, and has spread to different cities in China as well as to 24 other
countries. The number of confirmed cases is increasing daily and reached 34,598 on
8 February 2020. In the current study, we present a new forecasting model to
estimate and forecast the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the upcoming ten
days based on the previously confirmed cases recorded in China. The proposed model
is an improved adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) using an enhanced
flower pollination algorithm (FPA) by using the salp swarm algorithm (SSA). In
general, SSA is employed to improve FPA to avoid its drawbacks (i.e., getting
trapped at the local optima). The main idea of the proposed model, called FPASSA-
ANFIS, is to improve the performance of ANFIS by determining the parameters of
ANFIS using FPASSA. The FPASSA-ANFIS model is evaluated using the World Health
Organization (WHO) official data of the outbreak of the COVID-19 to forecast the
confirmed cases of the upcoming ten days. More so, the FPASSA-ANFIS model is
compared to several existing models, and it showed better performance in terms of
Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root Mean Squared Relative Error (RMSRE),
Root Mean Squared Relative Error (RMSRE), coefficient of determination ( R 2 ), and
computing time. Furthermore, we tested the proposed model using two different
datasets of weekly influenza confirmed cases in two countries, namely the USA and
China. The outcomes also showed good performances. A novel coronavirus was reported
to the World Health Organization (WHO) in China on 31 December 2019. The WHO named
the disease COVID-19 on 11 February 2020. As of 26 February 2020, the disease has
been detected on all continents, except for Antarctica. Daily updates on COVID-19
since early February 2020 have made headline news worldwide for much of 2020. This
editorial evaluates risk management based on the Global Health Security (GHS) Index
of global health security capabilities in 195 countries. The GHS Index lists the
countries best prepared for an epidemic or pandemic. COVID-19 is compared with two
related coronavirus epidemics, SARS and MERS, in terms of the number of reported
human infections, deaths, countries, major country clusters, timelines, and the
likelihood of discovering a safe, effective, and approved vaccine. The present work
aims to design and synthesize novel series of spiro pyrazole-3,3’-oxindoles
analogues and investigate their bioactivity as antioxidant and antimicrobial
agents, as well as antiproliferative potency against selected human cancerous cell
lines (i.e., breast, MCF-7; colon, HCT-116 and liver, HepG-2) relative to healthy
noncancerous control skin fibroblast cells (BJ-1). The mechanism of their cytotoxic
activity has been also examined by immunoassaying the levels of key anti- and
proapoptotic protein markers. The analytical and spectral data of the all
synthesized target congeners were compatible with their structures. Synthesized
compounds showed diverse moderate to powerful antimicrobial and antioxidant
activities. Results of MTT assay revealed that seven synthesized compounds (i.e.,
11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, 13b, 13c and 13h) particularly exhibited significant
cytotoxicity against the three cancerous cell lines under investigation. Ranges of
IC50 values obtained were 5.7–21.3 and 5.8–37.4 µg/mL against
HCT-116 and MCF-7, respectively; which is 3.8 and 6.5-fold (based on the least IC50
values) more significant relative to the reference chemotherapeutic drug
doxorubicin. In HepG-2 cells, the analogue 13h the highest cytotoxicity with IC50
value of 19.2µg/mL relative to doxorubicin (IC50 = 21.6µg/mL). The
observed cytotoxicity was specific to cancerous cells, as evidenced by the minimal
toxicity in the noncancerous control skin-fibroblast cells. ELISA results indicated
that the observed antiproliferative effect against examined cancer cell lines is
mediated via engaging the activation of apoptosis as illustrated by the significant
increase in proapoptotic protein markers (p53, bax and caspase-3) and reduction in
the antiapoptotic marker bcl-2. Taken together, results of the present study
emphasize the potential of spiro pyrazole-oxindole analogues as valuable candidate
anticancer agents against human cancer cells.
PB -
CY -
VL - 9
IS - 3
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.3390/jcm9030674 10.3390/jrfm13030046 10.3390/molecules25051124ER -
UR -
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Priorities for the US Health Community Responding to COVID-19
AU - Adalja, Amesh A.
AU - Toner, Eric
AU - Inglesby, Thomas V.
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
JO - JAMA
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1001/jama.2020.3413
SP - 10.1001/jama.2020.3413
EP -
AN - 32125355
DO - 10.1001/jama.2020.3413
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Editorial 58(1)
AU - Abernethy, Katharine
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - As I write, the world is gripped by news of a novel coronavirus sweeping
across the planet. The epidemic is causing terrible anguish to many thousands of
families and astounding economic damage in Asia. Whilst yet unconfirmed, several
research results now point at the hunting, trade and consumption of pangolins as a
likely source of the epidemic. Whether or not pangolins do finally prove to be at
the origin of this particular virus, the research highlights that the possibility
is very real. This may turn out to be a turning point for pangolin conservation,
perhaps for the conservation of a great many other species. In 2015, the IUCN
Species Survival Commission Pangolin Specialist Group reported concerns that the
profound decline in Asian pangolins would lead to traffickers procuring supplies
from Africa. The next five years saw their predictions largely fulfilled. Robust
results from a range of research approaches showed first an increase in trade and
value of pangolins within the West and central Africa and, more recently, growing
international trafficking, with China and Vietnam as major destinations. In 2016,
the CITES 17th Conference of Parties moved all African pangolin species onto
Appendix 1. Not a single research paper published on pangolins in the past 5 years
has suggested anything other than desperate jeopardy for all eight of the world’s
species. All available researches point to increasing harvesting, with the rise
ultimately driven by trade for profit. The plight of over‐hunted pangolins has
become a rallying call for conservation over the past few years. New NGO and
government funding initiatives have arisen, dedicated to research for their
conservation. The dramatically steep decline of the Asian species has been written
about in both Science and Nature, the most widely read scientific journals of the
day, in the last few years. The pangolin, alongside the elephant, is a poster
species for action against the illegal wildlife trade. However, the research
community’s awareness of the impending doom has not in the least stemmed the trade.
This issue contains a Short Communication reporting for the first time trade in
pangolins in yet another country, South Sudan. I am unsure of what the public
response to the possibility that pangolins can transmit deadly viruses will be. I
hope it is to leave them alone, rather than to try to eradicate them. This Journal
remains committed to improving knowledge of the African ecosystems and increasingly
to reporting research that shows how they are changing in the face of our actions.
This issue, as each issue, makes a new and relevant contribution to that objective.
JO - African Journal of Ecology
PB -
CY -
VL - 58
IS - 1
PG - 1-1
SP - 1
EP - 1
AN -
DO - 10.1111/aje.12732
UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.12732
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Physikalischer Schutz vor respiratorischen Viren
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 - Durch die Bildung eines Films auf den Zellen der Nasenschleimhaut kann ein
Spray dabei helfen, sich vor Erkältungsviren zu schützen. Der aus Rotalgen
gewonnene Wirkstoff Carragelose bildet eine physikalische Barriere auf der
Nasenschleimhaut, in der sich respiratorische Viren - darunter auch humane
Coronaviren - verfangen. So wird der Kontakt zwischen ihnen und menschlichen Zellen
weitestgehend unterbunden und der weitere Infektionsweg deutlich erschwert. In
klinischen Studien an Patienten mit viral bedingten grippalen Infekten konnte
gezeigt werden, dass Carragelose-haltige Sprays zur Anwendung in der Nase (wie
algovir Effekt) die Viruslast nach drei bis vier Behandlungstagen um mehr als 90%
reduzieren können. Getestet wurde die Wirksamkeit des Wirkstoffs unter anderem an
verschiedenen Typen humaner Coronaviren - jedoch nicht an dem Coronavirus SARS-CoV-
2. Daher können derzeit keine endgültigen Rückschlüsse zur Aktivität und
Effektivität des Wirkstoffs gegen 2SARS-CoV-2 gezogen werden. Allerdings haben
Carragelose-Erkältungssprays ein ausgezeichnetes Sicherheitsprofil, weshalb sie
durchaus ergänzend zu den gängigen Maßnahmen zum Schutz vor respiratorischen Viren
wie Händedesinfektion und Mundschutz angewendet und den Apothekenkunden empfohlen
werden können. AU - API, Redaktion
JO - CME
PB -
CY -
VL - 17
IS - 3
PG - 55-55
SP - 55
EP - 55
AN -
DO - 10.1007/s11298-020-7917-9
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11298-020-7917-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Voice from China: nomenclature of the novel coronavirus and related diseases
PY - 2020
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000787
SP - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000787
EP -
AN - 32118646
DO - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000787
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical and CT imaging features of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AU - Zhu, Ying
AU - Liu, Yang-Li
AU - Li, Zi-Ping
AU - Kuang, Jian-Yi
AU - Li, Xiang-Min
AU - Yang, You-You
AU - Feng, Shi-Ting
PY -
PD -
N2 - Tang JW, et al. and colleagues have written to this Journal describing the
emergence of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19).1 We have had an opportunity
to examine in detail the chest computed tomography (CT) findings in cases with
microbiologically confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-
CoV-2) infection, to familiarize radiologists and clinicians with the imaging
manifestations of this new outbreak. Meanwhile, we also studied the clinical
characteristics of the cases, combined with CT manifestations, to provide more
clues for the correct diagnosis of the disease. Six female patients (P1-P6) aged
from 27 to 63 years were referred to the fever clinic of our hospital. None of the
patients had underlying diseases such as diabetes, malignant tumour or respiratory
disease. Among the 6 cases, 5 (P1-P5) had a history of exposure to Wuhan or Hubei,
and P6 had no clear epidemiological history. All the patients performed
oropharyngeal swabs test and confirmed as COVID-19. Common respiratory viruses,
mycoplasma and chlamydia were negative. For patients’ venous blood tests at disease
onset, as given in (Table 1), we found that leucocytes, lymphocytes and percentage
were slightly decreased or normal, eosinophil count and percentage were slightly
decreased in 4 cases and normal in 2 cases. Additionally, 4 days later, P1
reperformed the follow-up hematologic examination. Compared with the blood test at
disease onset, the results showed that the eosinophil count was still below the
normal range, which was even lower than the first time.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.022
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Insights into the cross-species evolution of 2019 novel coronavirus
AU - Zhang, Jiahao
AU - Jia, Weixin
AU - Zhu, Junhai
AU - Li, Bo
AU - Xing, Jinchao
AU - Liao, Ming
AU - Qi, Wenbao
PY -
PD -
N2 - Recent study reported in this journal that the threats of continuous
evolution and dissemination of 2019 human coronaviruses.1 Since its emergence in
December 2019, a “seventh” member of the family of 2019 human coronavirus named
“SARS-CoV-2” was responsible for an outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in
Wuhan, China.2 As of February 23, 2020, China had reported more than 77,042
confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2, with 2,445 fatalities and counting
(http://www.nhc.gov.cn). Strikingly, SARS-CoV-2 had been transmitted rapidly in
more than 29 countries to date (https://www.who.int), including Asia, Europe, North
America, Africa, and Oceania, posing serious concerns about its pandemic potential.
Despite of droplet and contact transmissions of SARS-CoV-2, recent studies
demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 might be transmitted via aerosol and fecal–oral routes
3 (Figure 1), which needs to be paid attention in particular.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.025
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Corona Virus Disease 2019, a growing threat to children?
AU - Yang, Pu
AU - Liu, Pin
AU - Li, Dan
AU - Zhao, Dongchi
PY -
PD -
N2 -
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.024
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Risk of COVID-19 for cancer patients
AU - Xia, Yang
AU - Jin, Rui
AU - Zhao, Jing
AU - Li, Wen
AU - Shen, Huahao
PY -
PD -
N2 - We read the excellent Comment by Wenhua Liang and colleagues1 in The Lancet
Oncology with great interest. Of 1590 cases with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19), 18 patients had a history of cancer. The authors concluded that
patients with cancer had a higher risk of COVID-19 and with a poorer prognosis than
those without cancer. First, the data in the Comment by Liang and colleagues1
showed a higher percentage of patients with cancer in the COVID-19 cohort than in
the overall population. However, this observation is not sufficient to conclude
that patients with cancer had a higher risk of COVID-19. The incidence of COVID-19
in patients with cancer would be more informative in assessing whether or not
patients with cancer have an increased risk of COVID-19. Second, we reviewed the
cancer history of the 18 individuals discussed in Liang and colleagues' Comment.1
We are concerned that such a small sample size with a large amount of
heterogeneity, presenting as various cancer types with different biological
behaviours, highly variable disease courses (from 0–16 years), and diverse
treatment strategies, might be filled with contingency and thus not ideally
representative of the whole population with cancer. Notably, half of the patients
with cancer had a disease course of more than 4 years, indicating that a
substantial proportion of these patients might be clinically cured.
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30150-9
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30150-9
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Risk of COVID-19 for patients with cancer
AU - Wang, Hanping
AU - Zhang, Li
PY -
PD -
N2 - The authors concluded by use of epidemiological statistics that because the
proportion of patients with cancer histories was higher in a cohort with COVID-19
than in the population in China, patients with cancer were more likely to develop
COVID-19. They found 18 COVID-19 patients with cancer histories among 1590 COVID-19
patients from 575 hospitals in 31 provincial regions. Of these 16 patients (two of
the 18 patients had unknown treatment status), only four had undergone surgery or
chemotherapy within the previous month; 12 had recovered from initial cancer
treatments (eg, surgery or chemotherapy) and had no obvious immunosuppression. We
therefore do not think the COVID-19 infections in the 12 survivors of previous
cancers were associated with their cancers. COVID-19 is a highly contagious
infection to which everyone, to our knowledge, is susceptible; the most important
morbidity factor is exposure to an infection source.2 Furthermore, although the
authors indicate that patients with cancer had worse outcomes from COVID-19, they
also reported the median age of these patients (63·1 years) to be significantly
higher than for those without cancer (48·7 years), suggesting that older age is
associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30149-2
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30149-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Mass masking in the COVID-19 epidemic: people need guidance
AU - Leung, Chi Chiu
AU - Lam, Tai Hing
AU - Cheng, Kar Keung
PY -
PD -
N2 - WHO recommends against wearing masks in community settings because of lack of
evidence.2 However, absence of evidence of effectiveness should not be equated to
evidence of ineffectiveness, especially when facing a novel situation with limited
alternative options. It has long been recommended that for respiratory infections
like influenza, affected patients should wear masks to limit droplet spread. If
everyone puts on a mask in public places, it would help to remove stigmatisation
that has hitherto discouraged masking of symptomatic patients in many places.3
Furthermore, transmission from asymptomatic infected individuals has been
documented for COVID-19, and viral load is particularly high at early disease
stage.4 , 5 Masking, as a public health intervention, would probably intercept the
transmission link and prevent these apparently healthy infectious sources.
JO - The Lancet
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30520-1
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30520-1
NS -
N1 -
ER -
TY - JOUR
TI - Guidelines for pregnant women with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU - Favre, Guillaume
AU - Pomar, Léo
AU - Qi, Xiaolong
AU - Nielsen-Saines, Karin
AU - Musso, Didier
AU - Baud, David
PY -
PD -
N2 - Coronaviruses responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) can cause severe adverse pregnancy
outcomes, such as miscarriage, premature delivery, intrauterine growth restriction,
and maternal death.1 , 2 Vertical transmission of the virus responsible for 2019
novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
2 (SARS-CoV-2), has not yet been detected, whereas perinatal transmission has been
suspected in one case.3 Consequences of infection with SARS-CoV-2 for pregnancies
are uncertain, with no evidence so far of severe outcomes for mothers and infants;
however, the possibility should be considered.4 The recent experience with Zika
virus suggests that when a new pathogen emerges, the health-care community should
be prepared for the worst-case scenario.5 Therefore, recommendations for management
of pregnant women at risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection are urgently needed. To this end,
we propose a detailed management algorithm for health-care providers (appendix).
PB -
CY -
VL -
IS -
PG -
SP -
EP -
AN -
DO - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30157-2
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30157-2
NS -
N1 -
ER -

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