Capitol University

Basic Education Department

Senior High School
Cagayan de Oro

The Perception Level of Grade 11 Pre-Baccalaureate MaritimeCadets towards

Discipline

A Research Paper Presented to the

Faculty of Capitol University

Basic Education Department Capitol University

Cagayan de Oro City

In partial Fulfilment of the

Requirement for the Subject in Practical Research 2

Submitted by:

Muhammad Aliff Ismail

Dean Carlo Nengasca

Marc Lou G. Apdian

Cyronne Zayas

Bricks Donig

Kyle Luza

Submitted to:

Ms. Marie JulyZozanne Evangelista

2020
 CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Introduction

Providing a quality education and training is the ultimate goal of any educational

system. The success of teaching is reflected by the academic performance of students.

However, this goal can never be achieved without discipline (Mussa, 2015). With a

closer look at our education system, it is apparent that today, due to lack of discipline,

students are causing more problems in schools which greatly affects their academic

performance. A study conducted by Gitome et al., (2013) has shown that whenever

there is a good discipline, there is an improvement in academic performance. In other

words, discipline is vital and necessary for student’s academic performance. Since then,

discipline has already been applied and used during the ancient times. During this time,

corporal punishment was deemed necessary in order to create people who conformed

to society's norms, beat out sin, and ensure that learning took place (Parker Jenkins,

1997). In reality, all policies regarding discipline, if enforced properly, could be the

solution to the growing disciplinary problems in the schools today. According to Ibrahim

et al., (2015) school authorities use stringent disciplinary measures to monitor the

students and make them adhere to the school's specific rules and regulations.

Implementing a strict zero tolerance policies and corporal punishment in schools could

reinforce a fear of the consequences, which would bring the students to think a little

harder before inflicting such irresponsible acts upon others. However, Verdugo and

Glenn (2002) suggest that disciplinary policies simply do not have different effects.
Nichols (2004) also added that suspensions do not prevent students’ future

misbehaviour. Another noteworthy study to be review was that of Stanley (2014) which

he stated that today; learners are usual late-comers in our secondary schools; which is

contrary to the rules and regulations of the school. Without permission, they leave

school premises; do not bring their books to class; fail to do their homework; deny any

form of authority and oppose any disciplinary action taken against them. With these

indiscipline behaviors, the student’s academic performance is gradually decreasing.

Stanley (2014) also asserted that teachers on the other hand, are always absent from

school; present ill-prepared lessons; fail to exercise discipline in the classroom and lack

a professional work ethic. The lack of discipline and respect among teachers creates a

serious barrier to effective teaching and learning in the classroom (Bieketty, 2004).

School discipline is a very important aspect to academic excellence, although

lack of it usually leads to many problems such as lack of vision and mission, poor time

management, erratic attendance and punishment. It also plays a vital role in learners as

well as educators gaining sense of responsibility. Many students have experienced

negative impacts relating to their academic performances due to misbehavior or lack of

discipline. One of the studies by Stanley (2014) has clearly shown that effective school

discipline is to be encouraged in the control of student behavior and thus affects the

overall academic performance of students. The vital role of discipline in students’

academic performance is implied by a number of previous studies carried out in Asian,

American and European countries (Whisman & Hammer, 2014; Zhao & Kuo, 2015).

Nevertheless, a study by Gakure et al., (2013) suggests that discipline has minimal,

uncertain, or non-significant influence on students’ academic performance or

achievements. Consequently, the results on the impact of discipline on the academic

performance of students are inconsistent and somehow inconsistent.

Although there is an inconsistency of the impacts of discipline on the academic

performance of students, Vakalisa and Jacobs (2001) believe that cooperative learning

is a must to achieve academic performance among students. This supports the belief of

Prensky (2006) that effective discipline creates prepares learners for the future. Poor

reading culture and wrong attitude towards education can be linked to some of this

disorder. Students spend most of their time engaging in fruitless activities. Failure to do

assignment because they can predict what the punishment will be, they prepared their

mind in advance to be punished over and over again. School discipline should be

designed to meet the changes in the lifestyle of adolescent. The school should not

make it too static as that will make the unserious learners to continue is their un-

seriousness. The purpose of the present research is mainly to analyse the impact and

the relationship of school discipline on the academic performance of Pre-Baccalaureate

Maritime Senior High School Students. This research is not just for the researchers’

own sake but also for the benefit of others particularly the students, teachers, parents,

and etc.

Theoretical Framework

This research was acquainted with McGregor's theory X and Y (1998). Theory X

refers to a set of assumptions regarding people's behavior at work that a school is

perceived as an entity made up of educators, students and non-teachers who use

discipline as a means of establishing external expectations for responsible behavior in

achieving the desired organizational objectives and priorities need compliance by

setting lawbreaker rules and regulations and penalties. In schools, the use of

punishment is to maintain discipline and is melted on students who break the accepted

school rules and regulations. On the other hand, theory Y viewed a school as an

organization with leaders as person who work effectively by efficiently apply leadership

skills so as to gain willing support from teachers, students and non-teaching staff

through the use of rules and regulations set by management (Okumbe, 1998).

McGregor's Theory X and Y help educational managers define extreme forms of

management style that can be used to effectively manage rules and regulations,

disciplinary actions primarily punishments, and time management, especially in school

punishments. The key variables in applying McGregor's theory to this analysis will be

school rules and regulations for effective management and punishment administration

to both prevent and reattribute offenders and time management, relating to the effective

use of time allocated to individual activities in an educational institution.

Conceptual Framework

The conceptual framework briefly shows the relationship between independent

variable and independent variable. The perception level of the cadets towards

discipline in a school setting can be described as per the conceptual framework of the

researcher in Figure 1.

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLES

 Respondent’s Profile  Perception toward school

- Gender discipline
- Academic Performance Level

Figure 1. Showing the interplay of the variables

Objectives

1. To determine the perception level of grade 11 Senior High School Pre-

Baccalaureate Maritime cadets towards discipline.

2. To find out the implications of the perception level of the respondents when

connected to profile:

a. Gender

b. Academic Performance Level

3. To determine the relationship of school discipline on the academic performance

of Grade 11 Senior High School Pre-Baccalaureate Maritime Cadets.

Statement of the Problem

The study aims to determine the perception level of cadets towards discipline. In

order to do so, it aims to answer thefollowing questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

a. Gender

b. Academic Performance Level

2. What is the perception level of the respondents towards discipline?

3. What are the implications of the perception level of the respondents when group

according to profile:

a. Gender

b. Academic Performance Level

Scope and Limitation

The present study covers students of Capitol University in all Grade 11 Senior High

School Pre-Baccalaureate Maritime Cadets. This study is limited to the perception level

of students towards school discipline. The researchers will gather data and information

regarding the problem through conducting a survey. All selected cadets will be given

questionnaires to get information that will be needed in the study. It is unpredictable

whether the subjects respond the questionnaires honestly. The respondents’

responses to the questionnaires may be out of researcher’s control. Owing to the

limited time for answering the questionnaires, the format of the questionnaires

consists of only 15 questions using the Likert Scale. Therefore, the study may be

not able to comprise all the questions in terms of the students’ attitudes

toward the research.

Significance of the Study

The results of the study will significantly benefit the society particularlycadets,

parents, teachers, school administrations, and as well as future researchers.

Cadets. This study is primarily important to students, for it will give them

information about the effects of being undisciplined. It will also help them have

some insight on the benefits they may get of good discipline towards their

academic performance.

Parents. It will serve as basis to help share with other parents the information

about certain ideas to help each other in parenting. Also it will them have enough
knowledge in handling their children of the possible impacts of being indiscipline

towards their academic performance when they’re engaged into such activity.

Teachers/School Administration. The given data would provide additional

knowledge on what strategy to use to educate and evaluate their discipline

practices.

Future Researchers. This may serve as a basis for future research that they

will conduct.