ABSTRACT

Gde Anom Bhuja Sukardika

(anombhuja15@gmail.com)

This assignment will discuss about bargain clothing in the Kreneng traditional
market, by taking samples from two clothing store in the market called "Wayan
Shop" and "Alfian Shop". In two clothing stores gives the same relative price on
the same item, but if buyer do bargaining, buyer will get different price between
two stores. For that, buyer must know how to bargain in order to get a cheaper
price. To bargain, buyer must compare the price of the item to another sellers . If
the price of the items is the same, then buyer can bargain . Buyer can’t bargain at
too low a price, but buyer have to bargain for a reasonable price but the trader still
gets the profit.

Keyword : traditional market, bargaining, profit

 CHAPTER I

PHENOMENON AND OBJECTIVE

Kreneng market is a traditional market located on the Kamboja St,

Denpasar. This market consists of a morning market that sells daily needs, “Loak”
market that sells used goods, and a night market (as know as Pasar Senggol) that
sells clothing, culinary, and many more. In the night market there are many

clothes sellers. Clothing offered here is very many types, such as kebaya, shirts, t-

shirts, custom clothes, and much more. The price of clothing here is very cheap,
in addition to the clothes that are sold here are also qualified so much in demand
by Denpasar peoples. Not only Denpasar peoples, foreign tourists also like to
shop a Balinese traditional clothing in here because the price is very cheap than
eslewhere. So many buyers here who buy items in large quantities here. In here
every trader gives the same relative price on the same item, but if buyer do
bargaining, buyer will get different price with other sellers. For that, buyer must

know how to bargain in order to get a cheaper price.

This assignment will discuss is the night market, especially shops that sell
clothes by taking samples from two clothing store in the market called "Wayan
Shop" and "Alfian Shop". The Wayan Shop sells a Balinese traditional clothings

like udeng, kamen, kebaya, shirts, and many more. In here also sells a adult

clothes like shirt and pants. The owner of this shop is Balinese people . The Alfian

Shop sells a adult clothes like shirt, pants, jacket, underwear, and many more . In

here also sells a kids clothes. The owner of this shop is Javanese people.

The author has tried to buy a polo shirt and jeans in these two stores . The
author use Balinese language to bargain in Wayan Shop, hopefully get a cheaper
price than normal price. Prices in these two stores are the same, which is

Rp.60.000. Then, the author trying to bargain at the Wayan Shop to get the price

of Rp.40.000, more than half the normal price. The Wayan Shop then gives the

price of Rp.50.000, got a discount of Rp.10.000 from the normal price. And the

author trying to bargain jeans at the Wayan Shop with a price of Rp .150.000 to

get the price of Rp.100.000, Rp.50.000 cheaper than a normal price. The seller

gives a price of Rp.160,000 to the author if author buys both items . If calculated,

the seller gives a discount of Rp. 50.000 if the author bought a polo shirt and

jeans at the Wayan Shop. In this case, the Wayan Shop as seller will give more
discount if the buyer buys more than one item and offers it so that the seller's item
sells fast.

Next, author try to bargain at Alfian shop . Items that will be offered the

same as in the Wayan Shop, that is polo shirts and jeans with the same quality .

The Alfian Shop gives a price of Rp .60.000 for polo shirts and Rp .150.000 for

jeans. This price is the same as the normal price given by the Wayan Shop . Then

the author tries to bargain on polo shirts and jeans there to get a cheaper price .

The Alfian Shop give a price of Rp . 45.000, got a lot more discount from shop

wayan, that is Rp.15.000. And for jeans, seller give the price Rp .135.000 after

bargained, get a discount of Rp.25.000. If summed, then the total price of these

two items is Rp.180.000, more expensive than the Wayan shop.

 CHAPTER II

LITERATURE AND REVIEWS

Negotiation and bargaining is a process in which two or more parties seek

a mutual agreement through an explicit or implicit exchange of views. Bargaining
situations may be characterized by different combinations of positive and zero-
sum features. In particular, it is useful to distinguish four types of objects or goods
that negotiators may deal with, namely public goods, common pool resources
(CPRs), inclusive club goods, or private goods Differences among goods can be
characterized along two dimensions: jointness, which refers to the extent to which
goods are affected by consumption; and by the possibility of exclusion, which
refers to whether noncontributors to the provision of the good can be kept from
consuming it (V. K. Aggarwal and C. Dupont, 2011)

According to the marketing concept, which states what marketing as a

philosophy is, the firm should base all its activities on the needs and wants of
customers in selected target markets. At the same time, restrictions due to the
surrounding society (laws, industry agreements, norms, etc) have to be
recognised. If this basic philosophy is taken into account by the firm, its

operations should be successful and profitable. For a marketer it is easy to adopt

the marketing concept as a basis for marketing planning. However, marketing as it

is supposed to be implemented in practical business situations according to the
standard marketing models of our textbooks may not always fit reality as perceive
by top management. (Christian Gröroos, 1989)

Direct selling is the marketing and selling of products directly to

consumers away from a fixed retail location. Peddling is the oldest form of direct
selling. Modern direct selling includes sales made through the party plan, one-on-
one demonstrations, and other personal contact arrangements as well as internet
sales. A textbook definition is: "The direct personal presentation, demonstration,
and sale of products and services to consumers, usually in their homes or at their
jobs." What makes direct selling such an attractive career option is the flexibility

it offers. Those who engage in direct selling are independent contractors who

determine how much time and energy they want to invest in their businesses .

They set their own hours, and define and control their work-family life balance .

An Independent Sales Representative is her own boss. Direct selling is also a way
to own a business with a minimal capital investment (Gupta Swaroopa Rani N,
2016)

Today, the pattern of trading uses a pattern of trading subsistence

economy. Money has been used as a tool in the mediation of exchange . With the

money, the consumer step to obtain a goods becomes more simple . They just need
to sell their goods in the market and by using the money earned from the sale they
can buy the goods they want. (Sadono Sukirno, Mikroekonomi Teori Pengantar,
2003)
 CHAPTER III

PERSONAL OPINION AND ARGUMENT

From the discussion on chapter 1 has been discussed about how to bargain
the price of items in Kreneng market. Buyers always want to get the price of

cheap goods but get good quality items . In the results of this observation, every
seller has their own differences or techniques in the process of bargaining they do
to prospective buyers. Almost all sellers have put their item price at twice the
purchase price of the item so the seller gets an excess profit even if the items they
sell is bargained by their prospective buyers.

This author observed based on both stores (Wayan Shop and Alfian Shop)
in Kreneng market. Each of the two stores has a difference in bargaining

techniques. In the wayan shop has a bargaining system that provides a cheap price

to buyers if buyers are buying their merchandise more than one type . But Alfian

Shop have different strategies with wayan stores . Strategy at Alfian Shop that set

the cheapest price if the items are bargained by prospective buyers . In contrast to

the Wayan Shop, this alfian store strategy is only known by sellers or merchants .
This is so that prospective buyers who want to buy merchandise can not bargain
the price of items they want to buy to be too cheap so that sellers still earn a lot of
profit.

From author observations on both stores (wayan stores and alfian shops),
author can conclude that both stores have the disadvantages and advantages of the
strategies they set in the system of selling items in their stores . The wayan shop
has the advantage of attracting potential buyers to buy items in their stores rather
than in alfian stores because the wayan shop provides a cheap price if we bargain
at the store. Items sold by wayan shops will sell quickly if many buyers buy their

goods in large quantities. This is what the wayan shop wants . But the
shortcomings, wayan stores will benefit slightly because of implementing this
system. Profits at alfian stores are they still get a great profit even though the

goods to be purchased by the buyer have been bargained . However, alfian stores
will be unable to compete with the wayan shop because the price given by the
wayan shop is cheaper than the price offered by the alfian store

For buyers, if buyer want to buy more items at low prices, it is better to
buy at the wayan shop because in the wayan shop will give cheaper price if buyer
buy goods more than one item after the buyer to bargain . But if you want to buy
only one item, it is better to buy at alfian store because in alfian shop will give
cheaper price from shop wayan if buyer buy only one item after buyer bargain.

According to the author, in bargaining buyers should determine the price

of bargaining for items to be purchased . Buyers are supposed to bid on items for

more than half the normal price. And buyers do not bargain for too cheap, because
the seller will not get the profit so the buyer can not get the items to be purchased
with the price bargained.

After that, buyers should not bargain in one seller only . Buyers should first

survey in many sellers before buying the items to be purchased. From this survey

will be obtained the same items with a cheaper price than others after bargaining .
So if lucky will get a cheaper item after bargain if the buyer wants to buy items
more than one type. It's like the wayan shop does.

One of the important things in bargaining is communication . From

communication buyer will get good quality items with very cheap price after
bargained. That is why buyers need a good speaking skill so that buyers can do

good bargaining. Buyers should see the background of the seller, like where the
seller came from. If the seller is from bali, the buyer can use bali language in

bargaining. If the seller comes from Java, then the buyer can use the Java

language. Most sellers will be happy to talk to in their local language, the seller
will likely give a big discount when buyer bargain with the items sold by the
seller. No need to use local language, if the buyer can not speak the local language

the buyer can use the Indonesian language. The seller will be more respectful if
there is a buyer who speaks politely with him, therefore the buyer should use a
polite and good spoken language in bargaining the items to be purchased by the
buyer, not forced when bargaining because it will make the seller does not want to
bargain , even telling the buyer to move to another seller . The seller will not

respect if the buyer is too pushy in bargaining.

The author also get suggestions that the buyer should shop at the time the
seller will open his shop, which is around 4 pm . Most sellers will find the first

buyer of the day with the aim of "penglaris" . This means the seller believes that if
the seller gets the first buyer of the day, then the item that will be sold by the
seller will be sold a lot during the day . The seller will provide a low price after

bargaining on the first buyer. Therefore buyers are advised to shop and bargain at

the shop starts to open in the day, which is around 4 pm.

Not all items can be bargained. There are traders who do provide a

reasonable price, so it is not bargained. Usually small-value items that can not be

bargained. But there are sellers who put a high price to anticipate if there were to

bargain with the items. So that sellers still get a profit even though the items have

been bargained for a cheap price.

 CHAPTER IV

SUGGESTION

From the discussion about “The Effect of The Amount of Items Purchased
Against The Price Earned During Bargaining” the author can give some
suggestions on the bargaining system made to prospective buyers. Before selling
their merchandise, the seller can survey other sellers in the market to get a price
comparison for the same item. In addition, sellers can also provide a unique
discount if the buyer buys the goods in store. For example if the buyer will buy
plain black jeans pants then he will get an offer to buy shorts jeans with the same
color, but with different prices for getting discounts from the seller.

Lastly, the seller can take advantage of social media or create his own
online shop to offer merchandise that is in store to get a lot of buyers. It is
intended that the seller can also keep up with the times that have been using online
media in their sales system to get potential buyers spread in various regions or
various countries in the world. Examples such as the use of social media
Facebook or use the online shop like Ebay to find potential buyers spread across
the world. The trick is very easy that sellers just live publish their merchandise in
the form of photos or videos then put it in their online trading account and provide
descriptions of their merchandise to prospective buyers. After that just waiting for
news from their potential buyers that they can know through their online trading
account.

These are things I can recommend to sellers to sell their merchandise to

potential buyers who will buy the merchandise they sell. In addition also for the
sellers can still sell their wares in a new way that more follow the development of
technology in the current era.
 REFERENCE

https://basc.berkeley.edu/pdf/articles/Negotiation%20and%20Bargaining.pdf

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235321893_Defining_Marketing_A_Ma
rket-Oriented_Approach

oaji.net/articles/2016/731-1473267843.pdf

Sukirno, Sadono. Mikroekonomi Teori Pengantar. 2003. Jakarta: Rajagrafindo

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