Author/s Original Text Direct Quotation Paraphrase Summarry

Merith Cosden
The role of homework needs to be AO The role of
considered within the context of the Merith Cosden, homework
broader developmental needs of (2004) stated, needs to be
children. This article focuses on how “The role of considered
children spend their time after school homework needs within the
Year and how homework, as well as other to be considered context of the
2004 activities, can contribute to school within the broader
success. Children differ in their after- context of the developmental
school experiences, from “latchkey” broader needs of
children who lack supervision and developmental children. This
structure, to the overextended child needs of article focuses
engaged in multiple extracurricular children.” on how
activities with little time for TO children spend
Title unstructured play. The authors “The role of their time after
The Effects of Homework summarize research on the impact of homework needs school and how
Programs and After-School after-school activities—including to be considered homework, as
Activities on School Success homework programs—on school within the well as other
performance and make context of the activities, can
recommendations with regard to best broader contribute to
practices for children who differ in developmental school success.
their resources, abilities, and interests. needs of Balancing
Balancing homework with other children.” homework with
Type of Sources
aspects of the child’s home life to (Merith Cosden, other aspects
promote positive developmental 2004). of the child’s
WEBSITE outcomes is recommended. AT home life to
According to promote
Merith Cosden, positive
(2004) “The role developmental
of homework outcomes is
needs to be recommended.
considered
within the
context of the
broader
developmental
needs of
children.”
 Author/s Original Text Direct Quotation Paraphrase Summarry
J. C. Núñez& N. Suárez& P.
This study aims to produce a deeper AO This study aims
Rosário& G. Vallejo & A. Valle
understanding of the relationship J.C. Nuñez et. Al, to produce a
& J. L. Epstein
between perceived parental (2014) stated, deeper
homework involvement (i.e., parental “This study aims understanding
homework control and parental to produce a of the
Year homework support), student deeper relationship
homework behaviors (i.e., time spend understanding of between
2014 on homework completion, time the relationship perceived
management, and amount of between parental
homework completed), and student perceived homework
academic achievement. Using parental involvement
Mplus5.1, a structural equation model homework (i.e., parental
was fit for 1683 students at different involvement.” homework
stages of schooling (i.e., elementary TO control and
Title school−5th and 6th grades; junior high “This study aims parental
Relationships between school−7th and 8th grades; and high to produce a homework
perceived parental school−9th and 10th grades). The data deeper support),
involvement in homework, showed that student homework understanding of student
student homework behaviors, behaviors, perceived parental home the relationship homework
and academic achievement: between
work involvement, and academic behaviors (i.e.,
differences among perceived
achievement are significantly related. time spend on
elementary, junior high, and
parental homework
high school students
homework completion,
involvements.” time
(J.C. Nuñez et. Al, management,
Type of Sources 2014). and amount of
AT homework
WEBSITE According to J.C. completed),
Nuñez et. Al, and student
(2014), “This academic
study aims to achievement.
produce a deeper
understanding of
the relationship
between
perceived
parental
homework
involvement.”
 Author/s Original Text Direct Quotation Paraphrase Summarry
Darshanand Ramdass Barry J.
Historically, homework has been an AO Historically,
Zimmerman
essential aspect of the Historically; Zimmerman, homework has
homework has been an essential (2011) stated, been an
aspect of the American educational “Historically, essential aspect
system because teachers assign homework has of the
Year homework American educational been an essential Historically;
system because teachers assign aspect of the homework has
2011 homework to enhance students’ Historically; been an
learning outcomes. According to homework has essential aspect
Cooper, to enhance students’ learning been an essential of the
outcomes. According to Cooper, aspect of the American
homework involves tasks assigned to American educational
students by schoolteachers; these educational system because
tasks are meant to be carried out system….” teachers assign
during no instructional time TO homework to
Title (Bembenutty, 2011). Researchers have “Historically, enhance
Developing SelfRegulation conducted extensive research to study homework has students’
Skills: The Important Role of the relationship between homework been an essential learning
Homework and achievement. In a review article, aspect of the outcomes. In
Cooper, Robinson, and Patall (2006) Historically; addition, Plant
found that most research investigated homework has et al. (2005)
the relationship between homework been an essential found that the
time and achievement; the results aspect of the amount of
showed weak to modest gains at the American study time was
Type of Sources
middle and high school levels and no educational a significant
WEBSITE statistically significant gain at the system….” predictor of
elementary level. This suggests that (Zimmerman, cumulative GPA
homework benefits primarily the 2011). only when the
higher grades. However, time on task AT quality of study
is only one aspect of homework According to time and prior
behavior, and it does not capture the Zimmerman, performance
quality of time, such as studying (2011), were
attentively in a quieter environment “Historically, considered.
(Plant, Ericsson, Hill, &Asberg, 2005). homework has
In addition, Plant et al. (2005) found been an essential
that the amount of study time was a aspect of the
significant predictor of cumulative GPA Historically;
only when the quality of study time homework has
and prior performance were been an essential
considered. aspect of the
American
educational
system….”
 Author/s Original Text Direct Quotation Paraphrase Summarry
Nicole Schrat Carr
Homework is often a contentious issue AO Homework is
for students, parents, and teachers. Carr, (2013) often a
When utilized properly, homework can stated, contentious
be a valuable tool for reinforcing “Homework is issue for
learning that takes place in the often a students,
Year classroom. Unfortunately, many contentious issue parents, and
teachers do not SCHOOL COMMUNITY for students, teachers. When
2013 JOURNAL 170 use homework parents, and utilized
effectively. Teachers can improve their teachers.” properly,
utilization of homework by using homework can
research-tested strategies and TO be a valuable
Title accommodations (McNary, Glasgow, & “Homework is tool for
Hicks, 2005). However, finding the often a reinforcing
Increasing the Effectiveness time to read research, understand its contentious issue learning that
of Homework for All Learners implications, and then apply them can for students, takes place in
in the Inclusive Classroom be a challenge for time-strapped parents, and the classroom.
teachers. The purpose of this article is teachers.” (Carr, However,
to provide a summary of homework 2013). finding the time
research, outline the elements of to read
Type of Sources
effective homework, and provide AT research,
WEBSITE practical suggestions for classroom According to understand its
applications. Carr, (2013), implications,
“Homework is and then apply
often a them can be a
contentious issue challenge for
for students, time-strapped
parents, and teachers. The
teachers.” purpose of this
article is to
provide a
summary of
homework
research,
outline the
elements of
effective
homework, and
provide
practical
suggestions for
classroom
applications.
 Author/s Original Text Direct Quotation Summary Paraphrase

Nicole Francesca Sarabia School events are very important AO School events
for both students and teachers. School Sarabia et. Al, are very
et.Al events are a great way for students of (2015) stated, important for
different grade and section to get to “School events both students
one another and bond. Each are a great way and teachers.
event can bring something new out of for students of School events
Year a person, especially for a student. different grade are a great way
Each event can bring out excitement and section to for students of
2015 for everyone because even if they get to one different grade
know and experienced the event another and and section to
before, they will always think about bond.” get to one
“What if it will be different,” since no TO another and
Title one will know what will happen. It can “School events bond. It can also
also help a student learn more on are a great way help a student
THE IMPORTANCE OF teamwork, friendship, time for students of learn more on
SCHOOL ACTIVITIES management, and the ability to different grade teamwork,
multitask. School events can help and section to friendship, time
identify if a student likes or dislikes get to one management,
certain parts of the event and it will another and and the ability to
definitely help a teacher identify if bond.” (Sarabia multitask. School
Type of Sources
his/her student is either proficient et. Al, 2015). events can help
WEBSITE with the sport, task, etc. and it can AT identify if a
help a student discover new things According to student likes or
and hidden talents with Sarabia et. Al, dislikes certain
himself/herself.A school is the (2015), “School parts of the
workshop of life-building in which the events are a event and it will
raw material is the nascent young great way for definitely help a
pupils. The Principal, the teachers are students of teacher identify
molders of this raw material into the different grade if his/her
ideal mold. For this process, many and section to student is either
more activities are needed to fulfill get to one proficient with
the purpose. A young pupil might another and the sport, task,
have the potential and the natural bond.” etc. and it can
Lent to excel in games and sports and help a student
he needs to go to play field and the discover new
sports ground for the purpose. things and
hidden talents
with
himself/herself.A
school is the
workshop of life-
building in which
the raw material
is the nascent
young pupils.