PRACTICE TEST 1

Choose the word or the phrase which best completes each sentence.
1. The aircraft experienced severe__turbulence__ during the final approach, but the pilot
kept his cool and landed it safely.
A. instability
● the quality of a situation in which things are likely to change or fail suddenly
political and economic instability
● a mental condition in which somebodyʼs behaviour is likely to change suddenly
mental/emotional instability
B. wavering
● to be or become weak or unsteady
● to hestitate and be unable to make a decision or choice
waver (between A and B)
waver (on/over sth)
● (especially of light) to move in an unsteady way
C. unsteadiness
● the fact of being not completely in control of your movements so that you might fall
● the fact of shaking and not being controlled
D. turbulence
● a situation in which there is a lot of sudden change, confusion, disagreement and sometimes
violence
● a series of sudden and violent changes in the direction that air or water is moving in
2. The noise of my footsteps __startled_ the deer and it ran away.
A. startled
● to surprise sb suddenly in a way that slightly shocks or frightens them
startle sb/sth
it startles sb to do sth
B. paralyzed
~sb: to make sb unable to feel or move all or part of their body
~sth: to prevent sth from functioning normally
C. shocked
● to surprise and upset sb
~sb
~sb that
~sb to do sth/ was shocked to do sth
● to make sb feel offended or disgusted
D. amazed
● to surprise sb very much
~sb
~sb what, how,etc... It never ceases to amaze me (what,hoe,etc...)
What amaze me is...
it amazes sb that
it amaze sb to see, find, learn,etc,...
3. After their catastrophic defeat the__wounded___ of the army made their way back to their
mountain strongholds. -> people who are wounded, for example in a war
 A. survivors
B. remnants
● a part of sth that is left after the other parts have been used, removed, destroyed, etc.
->Syn: remains
● a small pieces of cloth that is left when the rest has been sold
C. wounded
D. deserters: a person who leaves the army, navy, etc. without permission
4. The aim of the office manager is to _arrange_ enough room on the building plans so that
each employee can have space for a personal computer.
A. arrange: to plan or organize sth in advance
B. allocate
● to give sth officialy to sb/sth for a particular purpose
~sth (for sth)
~sth (to sb/sth)
allocate sb/sth
allocate sth to do sth
C. accord
● to give sb/sth authority, status or a particular type of treatment
~sth to stb/sth
~sb/sth
● Phrasal verb: accord with sth: to agree with or match sth
D. organize
~sth
● arrage for sth to happen or to be provided
● to arrange sth or parts of sth into a particular order or structure
5. The accused man was able to prove his innocence at the trial and was __acquitted__.
A. absolved
● to state formally that sb is not guilty or responsible for sth
B. forgiven
C. acquitted
~sb (of sth)
● to decide and state officially in court that sb is not guilty of a crime
D. abandoned
6. The play is full of very ___witty__ remarks made by the main character. ->
A. hilarious: extremely funny
B. jolly: happy and cheerful
C. comic
● amusing and making you laugh
● connected with comedy
D. witty: able say (write) clever, amusing things
7. During the races there were two accidents to motor-cyclists, including one _fatal_ accident.
A. deadly
● causing or likely to cause death ->Syn: lethal
● extreme, complete
● extremely effective, so that no defence is possible
 ● very boring
B. deathly
● like a death person
C. fatal
● causing or ending in death
● causing disaster or failure
D. final
8. Sociologists believe that these factors will __ultimately__ lead to over-population.
A. sullenly: in a silent and bad-tempered way
B. ultimately
C. vigorously: in a way that is very active, determined or full of energy
D. vehemently: in a way that show strong feelings, esp anger
9. She is ______fully______ qualified so I’m sure she’ll get the job. (also highly/suitably)
A. completely B. amply C. wholly D. fully
10. You will find John rather difficult at first, as he has a slight _impediment_ in his speech.
A. complication
● a thing that makes a situation more complicated or difficult
● (medical) a new problem or illness that makes treatment of a previous one more complicated
or difficult
B. contraction
● the process of being smaller
● (linguistics) a short form of a word
C. difficulty
D. impediment
~(to sth)
● sth that delays or stops the progress of sth
Syn: obstacle
● a physical problem that makes it difficult to speak normally
a speech impediment
Choose the word or the phrase which best completes each sentence.
1. Do you agree? __Up to a__ point, but I don’t think you are completely right.
A. To the: expressed in a simple, clear way without any extra information or feelings
B. For a
C. Up to a: to some extent, to some degree but not completely
D. On the
2. Have you seen this morning’s paper? There’s a big picture of you__on__ the front. (the part
or side of sth that faces forward, the side of sth that you look first)
A. on B. at C. in D. by
3. I was so tired that I just_flaked out_ in the armchair.
A. flaked out
● to lie down or fall asleep because you’re extremely tired
B. broke up
C. dropped out (of sth)
● to no longer take part in or be part of sth
● to leave school, etc. without finishing your studies
D. fell over
● (of a computer or program) to stop working suddenly
● ~sb/sth (no passive): to hit your foot against sth when yo’re walking and fall
● ~yourself to do sth: try very hard or want very muc to do sth

4. It’s none of your business; please don’t __meddle with__ things that don’t concern you.
A. bump into
B. meddle with (also in) sth: to become involved in sth that does not concern you
C. tot up: add up
D. come across
5. When the chairman ran off with (to leave home, your husband, wife, etc. in order to have a
relationship with another) his secretary, the Board tried to __hush up__ the matter.
A. switch off
● to stop thinking about sth or paying attention to sth
● switch sth off/on
B. hush up
● to hide the in4 about a situation because you din’t want people to know about it
C. calm down
● to become calm
D. tuck away
● be tucked away: to be located in a quiet place, where not many people go
● to hide sth somewhere or keep it in a safe way
● (informal) to eat a lot of food
6. That’s the third time you’ve asked me where I got the money to buy my car. I’m not sure
what you’re ___getting at___ , but I didn’t steal the money, if that’s what you mean.
A. coming to
B. working on
C. making up
D. getting at
● get at sb: to keep criticizing sb
● get at sb/sth: to reach sb/sth, to gain access to sb/sth
● get at sth: to learn or find out about sth
7. The interrogation seemed to __drag on__ for ages, but in fact it only lasted twenty minutes.
A. fritter away (on sth): to waste money on things that are not important
B. drag on: to go for to long
C. spin off
● to happen or to produce sth as a new or unexpected result of sth
● spin sth off: to form a new company from parts of an existing one
D. play out
● play sth out: when sth is played out, it happens
● play oneself out: to become weak and no longer useful or important
8. There is nothing illegal about my business dealings. Everything is strictly __above_ board.
A. on: abroad B. by the C. above: legal and honest D. over
9. I’ve never met my boss’ wife but, _ by all accounts_, she is a very nice woman.
A. by all accounts: according to what people say (also from all accounts)
 B. under discussion: being talked about
C. out of kindness
D. on bail
10. The manager drew me ____________ to discuss my promotion.
A. back
● to move away from sb/sth
● draw back (from sth/from doing sth): to choose not to take action, esc because you feel
nervous
B. out
● to become lighter in the evening as summer gets nearer
● draw sb out: to encourage sb to talk or express the,selves freely
● draw sth out: to make sth last longer than usual or necessary
C. aside
D. up
● if a vehicle draws up, it arrives and stops
● draw sth up: to make or write sth that needs careful thought or planning
to draw up a contract/list
PASSAGE 1: You are going to read a magazine article. For questions 1-10 , choose the
answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.
The Beauties of the Stone Age
Jane Howard views some works of ancient art
I have just come home after viewing some astonishing works of art that were recently
discovered in Church Hole cave in Nottinghamshire. They are not drawings, as one would expect,
but etchings, and they depict a huge range of wild animals. The artists who created them lived
around 13,000 years ago, and the images are remarkable on a variety of counts. First of all, their
sheer number is staggering: there are ninety all told. Moreover, fifty-eight of them are on the
ceiling. This is extremely rare in cave art, according to a leading expert. Dr Wilbur Samson of
Central Midlands University. ‘Wall pictures are the norm,’ he says. 'But more importantly, the
Church Hole etchings are an incredible artistic achievement. They can hold their own in
comparison with the best found in continental Europe.' I am not a student of the subject, so I have
to take his word for it. However, you do not have to be an expert to appreciate their beauty.
In fact, it is the wider significance of the etchings that is likely to attract most attention in
academic circles, since they radically alter our view of life in Britain during this epoch. It had
previously been thought that ice-age hunters in this country were isolated from people in more
central areas of Europe,but the Church Hole images prove that ancient Britons were part of a
culture that had spread right across the continent. And they were at least as sophisticated culturally
as their counterparts on the mainland.
News of such exciting discoveries spreads rapidly, and thanks to the Internet and mobile
phones, a great many people probably knew about this discovery within hours of the initial
expedition returning. As a result, some etchings may already have been damaged, albeit
inadvertently, by eager visitors. In a regrettably late response, the site has been cordoned off with a
high, rather intimidating fence, and warning notices have been posted.
An initial survey of the site last year failed to reveal the presence of the etchings. The reason lies
in the expectations of the researchers. They had been looking for the usual type of cave drawing or
painting, which shows up best under direct light. Consequently, they used powerful torches, shining
them straight onto the rock face. However, the Church Hole images are modifications of the rock
itself, and show up best when seen from a certain angle in the natural light of early morning.
Having been fortunate to see them at this hour, I can only say that I was deeply - and unexpectedly
- moved. While most cave art often seems to have been created in a shadowy past very remote from
us, these somehow convey the impression that they were made yesterday.
Dr Samson feels that the lighting factor provides important information about the likely function
of these works of art. 'I think the artists knew very well that the etchings would hardly be visible
except early in the morning. We can therefore deduce that the chamber was used for rituals
involving animal worship, and that they were conducted just after dawn, as a preliminary to the
day's hunting.'
However, such ideas are controversial in the world of archaeology and human origins. Dr Olivia
Caruthers of the Reardon Institute remains unconvinced that the function of the etchings at Church
Hole can be determined with any certainty. 'When we know so little about the social life of early
humans, it would be foolish to insist on any rigid interpretation. We should, in my view, begin by
tentatively assuming that their creators were motivated in part by aesthetic considerations - while of
course being prepared to modify this verdict at a later date, if and when new evidence emerges.'
To which I can only add that I felt deeply privileged to have been able to view Church Hole. It
is a site of tremendous importance culturally and is part of the heritage, not only of this country, but
the world as a whole.
1. According to the text, the images in Church Hole cave are
A. unique examples of ceiling art.
B. particularly beautiful cave paintings.
C. superior in quality to other cave art in Britain.
D. aesthetically exceptional.
2. What is the cultural significance of these images?
A. They indicate that people from central Europe had settled in Britain.
B. They prove that ancient Britons hunted over large areas.
C. They reveal the existence of a single ice-age culture in Europe.
D. They suggest that people in Europe were more sophisticated than Britons.
3. The word “radically” in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by
A. desperately B. thoroughly C. magically D. marginally
4. According to the text,
A. the discovery of the images should not have been made public.
B. the images in the cave are vulnerable to damage.
C. many people visited the cave within hours of its discovery.
D. the measures taken to protect the images have proved ineffective.
5. Why were the images not discovered during the initial survey?
A. They were not viewed from the right angle.
B. People were not expecting to find any images.
C. Artificial light was used to explore the cave.
D. The torches used were too powerful.
6. The word “these” in paragraph 4 refers to
A. expectations B. modifications C. researchers D. images
7. What conclusions does Dr Samson draw from the lighting factor?
A. Rituals are common in animal worship.
 B. The artists never intended to make the images visible.
C. The images were intended to be visible at a certain time of day.
D. Ice-age hunters worshipped animals in the cave.
8. According to Dr Caruthers,
A. we cannot make inferences from cave art.
B. the images in Church Hole do not serve any particular function.
C. experts know nothing about life 13,000 years ago.
D. the function of such images is open to question.
9. It seems that the writer
A. can now envisage the life of ice-age hunters more vividly.
B. was profoundly impressed by the images in the cave.
C. has now realized the true significance of cave art.
D. thinks the images should receive more publicity.
10. The word “privileged” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by
A successful B restricted C honored D prosperous

PASSAGE 2: You are going to read an extract from a biography of two British comedians.
For questions 1-10, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to
the text.
THE MORECAMBE & WISE SHOW
It happened one night. It happened, to be precise, at 8.55 p.m. on the night of 25 December
1977, when an estimated 28,835,000 people - more than half of the total population of the United
Kingdom - tuned their television sets to BBC 1 and spent the next hour and ten minutes in the
company of a rather tall man called Eric and a rather short man called Ernie. It was an
extraordinary night for British television. It was - at least as far as that catholic and capacious
category known as ‘light entertainment’ was concerned - as close as British television had ever
come, in some forty-one years of trying, to being a genuine mass medium. None of the usual rigid
divisions and omissions were apparent in the broad audience of that remarkable night: no stark
class bias, no pronounced gender imbalance, no obvious age asymmetry, no generalized
demographic slant.
It was also, of course, an extraordinary night for the two stars of the show: Eric Morecambe and
Ernie Wise - by far the most illustrious, and the best-loved, double-act that Britain has ever
produced. Exceptionally professional yet endearingly personable, they were wonderful together as
partners, as friends, as almost a distinct entity: not ‘Morecambe and Wise’ but ‘Morecambewise’.
There was Eric and there was Ernie: one of them an idiot, the other a bigger idiot, each of them half
a star, together a whole star, forever hopeful of that ‘brand new, bright tomorrow’ that they sang
about at the end of each show. True, Eric would often slap Ernie smartly on the cheeks, but they
clearly thought the world of each other, and the world thought a great deal of them, too.
Their show succeeded in attracting such a massive following on that memorable night because it
had, over the course of the previous nine years or so, established, and then enhanced, an enviable
reputation for consistency, inventiveness, unparalleled professional polish and, last but by no
means least, a strong and sincere respect for its audience. The Morecambe & Wise Show stood for
something greater, something far more precious, than mere first-rate but evanescent entertainment;
it had come to stand - just as persuasively and as proudly as any earnest documentary or any epic
drama - for excellence in broadcasting, the result not just of two gifted performers (great talent,
alas, does not of itself guarantee great television) but also of a richly proficient and supremely
committed production team.
The show, culminating in the record-breaking triumph of that 1977 special, represented an
achievement in high-quality popular programme-making that is now fast assuming the aura of a
fairy tale - destined, one fears, to be passed on with bemused fascination from one doubtful
generation to its even more disbelieving successor as the seemingly endless proliferation of new
channels and novel forms of distraction continue to divide and disperse the old mass audience in
the name of that remorseless quest for ‘quality demographics’ and ‘niche audiences’. The
Morecambe &Wise Show appeared at a time before home video, before satellite dishes and cable
technology, before the dawning of the digital revolution, a time when it was still considered
desirable to make a television programme that might - just might - excite most of the people most
of the time.
Neither Morecambe nor Wise ever looked down on, or up at, anyone (except, of course, each
other); both of them looked straight back at their audience on level terms. No celebrated guest was
ever allowed to challenge this comic democracy: within the confines of the show, the rich and
famous went unrecognised and frequently unpaid (a running gag); venerable actors with grand
theatrical reputations were mocked routinely by Eric’s sotto voice comments; and two
resolutely down-to-earth working-class comedians gleefully reaffirmed the remarkably deep, warm
and sure relationship that existed between themselves and the British public.
‘It was,’ reminisced Ernie Wise, ‘a sort of great big office party for the whole country, a bit of
fun people could understand.’ From the first few seconds of their opening comic routine to the final
few notes and motions of their closing song and dance, Morecambe and Wise did their very best to
draw people together rather than drive them apart. Instead of pandering submissively to the smug
exclusivity of the cognoscenti (they were flattered when a well-regarded critic praised the sly
‘oeillade’ that accompanied Eric’s sarcastic asides, but they still mocked him mercilessly for his
use of the word), and instead of settling - as so many of their supposed successors would do with
unseemly haste - for the easy security of a ‘cult following’, Morecambe and Wise always aimed to
entertain the whole nation.
When viewers watched that show at the end of 1977, they witnessed a rare and rich
compendium of the very best in popular culture: the happy summation of a joint career that had
traversed all of the key developments associated with the rise of mass entertainment in Britain,
encompassing the faint but still discernible traces of Victorian music-hall, the crowded animation
of Edwardian Variety, the wordy populism of the wireless, the spectacular impact of the movies
and, finally, the more intimate pervasiveness of television. When that career was all over, it was
sorely missed. They were simply irreplaceable.

1. The writer implies in the first paragraph that one reason why the show on 25 December
1977 was extraordinary was that
A. light entertainment programmes had been the targets of criticism before then.
B. no one had thought that a British television programme could appeal to all classes.
C. its audience included people who might not have been expected to watch it.
D. people tuning into it knew that they were taking part in a phenomenal event.
2. In the second paragraph, the writer implies that Morecambe and Wise
A. would probably not have been successful had they been solo performers.
B. had a different relationship in real life from the one they had on television.
 C. were keen for audiences to realize how professional they were.
D. probably did not know how popular they were.
3. The writer says in the third paragraph that one reason why The Morecambe & Wise
Show remained so popular was that
A. it adapted to changes in audience attitudes to what constituted good entertainment.
B. it appealed to people who normally preferred other kinds of programme.
C. the people who made it knew that its popularity was guaranteed.
D the contribution of people other than its stars was a key element in it.
4. The word “evanescent” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by
A. quickly forgotten B. scarcely perceptible C. mysterious D. insubstantial
5. The writer suspects that The Morecambe & Wise Show will in the future be regarded as
A. something which might only catch on with certain audiences.
B. something which has acquired an exaggerated reputation.
C. the kind of programme that programme-makers will aspire to.
D. the kind of programme that illustrates the disadvantages of technological advances.
6. According to the writer, one feature of The Morecambe & Wise Show was
A. the way in which it reflected developments in British society.
B. its inclusion of jokes that only certain people would understand.
C. the consistent way in which other stars were treated on it.
D. its careful choice of other stars to appear on it.
7. The word “venerable” in paragraph five could be best replaced by
A. experienced B. accomplished C. respected D. worshipped
8. In the sixth paragraph, the writer implies that
A. other comedians have attempted to appeal to only a particular group of people.
B. Morecambe and Wise usually disregarded what critics said about them.
C. other comedians have not accorded Morecambe and Wise the respect they deserve.
D. Morecambe and Wise realized that there were some people who would never like them.
9. The word “sly” in paragraph six could be best replaced by
A. embarrassing B. cunning C. intriguing naynay mowsi ngaD.
dissembling
10. In the last paragraph, the writer implies that one remarkable feature of the show was
that
A. it exceeded even the expectations of its audience.
B. it contained elements that could have been regarded as old-fashioned.
C. it showed the similarities between earlier forms of entertainment.
D. it contained a hint of sadness despite being so entertaining.
TEST 1: For questions 1-10, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best
fits each gap.
Raising Awareness
In cities around the world a wide range of schemes is being instigated to promote environmental
awareness. 'It's just as easy to (1).............. of litter properly as it is to drop it on the streets,' says
city councillor Mike Edwards, who has (2).............. on the government to
mount a concerted campaign to deal with the problem of litter. 'It's just a matter of encouraging
people to do so as a (3).............. of course. Once the habit is ingrained, they won't even
(4).............. they are doing it. After all, think what we have achieved with recyclable waste in
 the home. Sorting paper, glass, aluminium and plastic waste and then depositing it in the
appropriate container outside is (5).............. a great chore any more. People have become
accustomed to doing this, so it doesn’t (6).............. to them that they are spending any additional
time in the process. Only if they have to carry this waste for some appreciable distance to find a
suitable container do they feel they are (7) .............. Most people know they should behave in a
responsible way and just need (8).............. do so. So a quirky, (9).............. gimmick might be
enough to change behaviour. With this in (10).............. the city of Berlin is introducing rubbish
bins that say 'danke', 'thank you' and 'merci' - Berlin is a cosmopolitan city - when someone
drops an item of rubbish into them. It might just do the trick in this city, too.
1. A. dispose. B discard. C jettison D throw
2. A. appealed. B. called C. approached D. urged
3. A. principle B. system C. matter D. duty
4. A. notice B. remark C. comprehend D appreciate
5. A almost B barely C virtually D hardly
6. A concern B occur C impress D strike
7. A inconvenienced B sacrificed C complicated D imposed
8. A ordering B prompting C forcing D obliging
9. A lighthearted B mundane C subjective D intense
10.A context B thought C spirit D mind
1. A — dispose. The only word that takes ‘of’ preposition here.
2. D — urge to recommend sth strongly
3. C —
4. B — notice doing something subconsciously, without paying attention to it
5.
6. B — occur. ‘To occur to someone’ means ‘to become known, clear or obvious’. Other
options do not go with ‘to’.
7. A — inconvenienced. ‘being caused trouble or discomfort’.
9. A — light-hearted. It’s a light-hearted gimmick – a feature that doesn’t take itself seriously
and meant as a joke.
10. D — mind. ‘With something in mind’ means ‘considering something’.
CLOZE TEST 2: For questions 1-10, read the text below and decide
which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
The Video Loggers
One rather unlikely word that has recently entered the language is 'blog', a shortened form of
'web log'. A blog is a diary posted on the Internet by the person writing it - the 'blogger' - who
presumably (1)..............other people to read it. It is ironical that modern technology is being used to
(2)..............new life into such an old-fashioned form as the personal journal. And now, as the
technology behind video cameras is making them easier to use, we have the video log, or 'vlog'.
Vlogging does not require (3)..............sophisticated equipment: a digital video camera, a high-
speed Internet connection and a host are all that is needed. Vloggers can put anything that
(4)..............their fancy onto their personal web site. Some vloggers have no ambitions
(5)..............than to show films they have shot while on holiday in exotic places. However, vlogs
can also serve more ambitious purposes. For instance, amateur film-makers who want to make a
(6)...........for themselves might publish their work on the Internet, eager to receive advice or
criticism. And increasingly, vlogs are being used to (7)..............political and social issues that are
 not newsworthy enough to (8)..............coverage by the mass media. It is still too early to predict
whether vlogging will ever (9) .............. off in a major way or if it is just a passing fad, but its
(10)..............is only now becoming apparent.
1. A believes B expects C assumes D supposes
2. A add B inhale C insert D breathe
3. A absolute B largely C utterly D highly
4. A grasps B appeals C takes D gives
5. A except B apart C rather D other
6. A publicity B fame C name D promotion
7. A emphasize B publicize C distribute D circulate
8. A earn B warrant C excuse D cause
9. A fly B show C take D make
10.A potential B possibility C ability D feasibility
Key:
1. expect to
2. breathe new life into sth: to improve sth by introduce new ideas and making people
more intersting in it
3. highly sophisticated
4. catch/take sb’s fancy
5. rather than: instead of
6. make a name for oneself: become famous
7. publicize: to make sth know to the public, to advertise sth/circulate: if a story,
idea,etc. circulates or if you circulate it, it spreads or it is passed from one to another
8. earn: to get sth
9. take off: to become successfyl or popular very quickly or suddenly
10.potential: the posibility of sth happening or being developed or used

TEST 1: Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage with one suitable
word.
1. Standing on North America’s most visited glacier in summer, you can hear the sound of the
climate changing. Gurgles and babbles (1)………………… a crescendo where water cascades
down holes in the ice. The Mendenhall glacier in southeast Alaska is melting and it’s raising a
ruckus about it. The Mendenhall attracts more than 300,000 visitors per year, (2)…………………
it one of the most watched glaciers in the world. It has also become a poster child for global
warming. Before the public (3)…………………, the glacier is shrinking. In the summer of 2000 its
end point (4)………………… up the valley by 100 metres, freeing land that had been locked (5)
………………… ice for centuries. Since the 1930s, the Mendenhall has lost nearly a kilometer of
its length.
The message coming from the first eight years of a massive survey of the whole area is (6)
…………………. Measurements show that most of the glaciers are losing (7)………………… so
rapidly that some may not survive the 21st century. The results could (8)………………… be a sign
of how greenhouse gas pollution will harm the high Arctic in years to (9)…………………. But
some researchers still see evidence of (10)………………… potential reasons for the shrinkages
besides global warming.
Test 2: Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage with one suitable word.
It’s around this time of year that many of us will be offered the dubious (1)………………….. of an
evening looking through friends’ holiday snaps (or, if you’re particularly lucky, the feature-length
video version), an experience that, (2)………………….. your hosts possess striking photographic
skills, is more often than not a mind-numbing parade of ‘ That’s me in a temple. That’s John in a
temple. That’s me and John in a temple.’ No matter how stunning or culturally (3)
………………….. the destination may have been, it always seems diminished when (4)
………………….. through someone else’s memory.
It might be argued that it’s impossible to convey the wonder of travel second-hand, and (5)
………………….. travel writing can never be more than the literary equivalent of a trawl through
someone else’s holiday photos. Now that cheap flights and backpacking tours have made the
remotest backwaters of the planet widely (6)………………….., the genre might even have been in
(7)………………….. of redundancy; we no longer read descriptions of the Arabian desert or the
foothills of the Himalayas with wide-eyed astonishment, because there’s nothing to stop us going
there (8)………………….. next week. In fact, we’ve probably been already. Yet in spite of the fact
that exploratory travel is no longer the exclusive preserve of professionals such as T.E. Lawrence
or Sir Richard Burton, or perhaps because of this, ‘travel writing’ is still a healthy and flourishing
genre.
This is, I think, a direct result of the present ‘confessional culture’- the assumption that any
personal experience, (9)………………….. banal, is of interest to the reading public and ought to be
shared. Forty years ago, my mother travelled alone (10)………………….. Peru, a fairly unusual
undertaking for a working-class Western woman before the heyday of the gap year. I used to ask
why she never thought of writing about it, and she always amazed me by replying, ‘I didn’t think
anyone would be interested.’
Give the correct form of the words in brackets:
1. I have a notion that I shall never pass back alive through these _pestilential_ swamps. (PEST)
2. An _indeterminate_ number of workers have already been exposed to the danger.
(DETERMINE)
3. Gerald was very naughty in your absence. In fact, he behaved most _discreditably_! I refuse to
look after your child again! (CREDIT)
4. _Typography_ traces its origins to the first punches and dies used to make seals and currency in
ancient times. (TYPO)
5. Our car __depreciated__ by $ 1,500 in the first year we owned it. (APPRECIATE)
6. I think my last statement _encapsulated__ the situation pretty well – at least, I can’t think of any
better summary! (CAPSULE)
7. The latest release by the Bangles has a great __compilation__ of songs on it. You should listen
to it some time! (COMPILE)
8. Look! I know you’ve lost your wallet, but there’s no use in keeping on __bemoaning__ the fact.
Someone has stolen it and that’s all there is to it! (MOAN)
9. The lake near to where I live is one of the deepest and most _voluminous_ in the world.
(VOLUME)
10. The Prime Minister warned the people of his country that they must be ready for any
___eventualities__ - even the possibility of war. (EVENT)
Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the
same line.
In Good Voice
There is little to disagree about in the notion that a good voice,
Whether in opera or rock music , is one which moves its audience
and brings a sense of release and fulfilment to the singer.
But contemporary pop and rock music have come about due to

(1)__substantial_ advances in technology. Here, SUBSTANCE

the impact of the microphone should not be (2) ___underestimated___, ESTIMATE
as it has (3) ___enabled_____ the magnification of quiet, intimate ABLE
sounds. This, in turn, allows the singer to experiment with the
(4) ____emphasis__________ on mood rather than on strict EMPHATIC
(5) _____adherence_________ to proper breathing and voice control. ADHERE
Donna Soto-Morettin, a rock and jazz vocal trainer, feels that
(6) __anatomical_____ reasons may account for the raspy sound ANATOMY
Produced by certain rock singers. Her (7) ____suspicion__________ SUSPECT
is that swollen vocal chords, which do not close properly, may
allow singers to produce deeper notes. She does not, however,

regard this as detracting (8) __noticeably_____ from the value of NOTICE

the sound produced. Singing, she maintains, has an almost
(9) _____seductive_________ quality and so our response to it has more SEDUCE
(10) ____significance__________ than its technical qualities SIGNIFY

Find out and underline 10 mistakes in the following passage.

Simply be bilingual does not qualify anyone to interpreting. Interpreting does (is) not
merely a mechanical process of converting one sentence in language A into a same sentence in
language B. Rather (Instead) it is a complex art in that (which) thoughts and idioms which have
no obvious analogues from tongue to tongue - or words which have multiple meanings - must
quickly be transformed in many a way that the message is clearly and accurately expressing to the
listener.
There are two kinds of interpreters, simultaneous and consecutive, each requires separate
talents. The former, sitting in an isolated booth, usually at (in) a large multilingual conference,
speaks to listeners wearing headphones, interpreting that a foreign-language speaker says as he
says it - actually a sentence afterwards. Consecutive interpreters are the one most international
negotiators use. They are mainly employed for smaller meetings without sound booths,
headphones, and another high-tech gear.
Rewrite these sentences so that they have the same meaning as the provided sentences,
beginning with the words provided or using the words in brackets:
1. The children ignored all the other food and directly went for the cakes beautifully decorated in
the middle of the room. (MADE)
The children ignored all the other food and made their way to the cake beautifully decorated in the
middle of the room.
2. He moved recently to a fantastic house which has all the modern conveniences for a comfortable
and easy life (CONS )
He moved recently to a fantastic house with all mod cons.
3. Doing something different is always risky, but for the Los Angeles Times, introducing a new
style to a long-established publication has been the right decision. (BREAKING)
There are
4. Good working relations depend on effective management.
The more effective management, the better working relations.
5. There had been allegations of drug-taking by members of the team. It heard on the grapevine that
6. People have rumored that you might be getting married soon. (GRAPEVINE)
I heard on the grapevine that you might be getting married soon.
7. Although you admire her, you shouldn’t treat her as if she is better than anyone else. (PUT)
However
8. People became aware of the damage to the ozone layer when an enormous hole was discovered
over the South Pole.
It was the discovery of an enormous hole over the South Pole that people became aware of the
damage to the ozone laye
9. Kevin Ward is determined to defeat Wigan in the match on Sunday. (TAKING)
Kevin Ward will be taking Wigan apart.
10. The group, considered to be one of the funniest in Canada, performed so well that its audiences
laughed a lot at last night’s concert. (ROLLING)
As being considered to be onr.e of the funniest in Canada, the group performed so well that its
audiences were rolling in the aisles