Structural Engineering – Exam 2

1. Determine the outside diameter of a hollow steel tube that will carry a tensile load of 500
kN at a stress of 140 MPa. Assume the wall thickness to be one- tenth of the outside diameter.
a. 123 mm
b. 113 mm
c. 103 mm
d. 93 mm

2. What force is required to punch a 20- mm diameter hole through a 10-mm thick plate.
The ultimate strength of the plate material is 450 MPa.
a. 241 kN
b. 283 kN
c. 386 kN
d. 252 kN

Situation 3-4:
For the pin connection shown in the figure, the allowable shearing stress in the pin is 140 MPa
and the allowable bearing stress between the pin at the plates is 320 MPa.
3. Determine the value of P without exceeding the
allowable shearing stress in the pin.
a. 150.4 kN
b. 289.7 kN
c. 197.9 kN
d. 236.5 kN
4. Determine the value of P without exceeding the
allowable bearing stress.
a. 182.4 kN
b. 275.9 kN
c. 156.8 kN
d. 211.2 kN
Situation 5-7:
The strut shown in the Figure carries an axial load of p= 148 kN.

5. Determine the bearing stress between the pin and strut:

a. 463 MPa
b. 345 MPa
c. 285 MPa
d. 563 MPa
6. Determine the bearing stress between the pin and strut:
a. 286 MPa
b. 368 MPa
c. 321 MPa
d. 341 MPa
7. Determine the bearing stress between the pin and strut:
a. 159.4 MPa
b. 196.4 MPa
c. 123.9 MPa
d. 167.3 Mpa

Situation 8-10:
The rigid bar AB, attached to two vertical roads as shown is horizaontal before the load P
is applied. If the value of P=50 kN.
8. Determine the tensile stress of the steel bar.
a. 92.37 MPa
b. 97.23 MPa
c. 79.32 MPa
d. 29.9 MPa
9. Determine the elongation of the aluminium bar in mm.
a. 1.79 mm
b. 1.97 mm
c. 0.97 mm
d. 0.79 mm
10. Determine the vertical displacement of point C.
a. 1.8775 mm
b. 1.5778 mm
c. 5.1778 mm
d. 5.8775 mm
Situation 11-13:
The rigid bar AB is hinged at A and supported by a steel plate hanger, designated as
d. The hanger is fixed at C and bolted at D with two plates.
Given: L1 = 2.0 m L2 = 1.2 m
H = 3.0 m
Width of plate hanger = 40 mm
Thickness of plate hanger = 10 mm
Bolt diameter = 20 mm
Allowable bolt shear stress = 68 MPa
Allowable bolt bearing stress = 240 MPa

11. What is the allowable stress in the hanger based on bolt capacity in double shear at D?
a. 108.81 MPa
b. 160.18 MPa
c. 106.81 MPa
d. 180.18 Mpa
12. If the maximum tensile stress in the hanger is 138 MPa, find the allowable load W.
a. 53.5 kN
b. 43.5 kN
c. 23. 5 kN
d. 34.5 kN

13. If the load W = 60 kN, find the vertical displacement at B.

a. 5.76 mm
b. 7.56 mm
c. 4.76 mm
d. 6.56 mm

Situation 14-16
The beam is loaded as shown in the figure:

14. Which of the following most nearly gives the vertical reaction at the roller support?
a. 13 kN c. 27 kN
b. 16 kN d. 24 kN

15. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum shear on the beam?
a. 10 kN c. 13 kN
b. 15 kN d. 17 kN

16. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum bending moment on the beam in
kN-m?
a. 13 c. 8
b. 12 d. 9.45
Situation 17
A beam 8.5 m long is fixed at the left end and supported by a roller at a point 1.5 m from the
right end. There is an internal hinge at a point 2.5 m from the fixed end. The beam is loaded by
a clockwise couple equal to 50 kN-m acting at a point 1m to the right of the fixed end, a
downward concentrated vertical load equal to 12 kN acting at a point 4.5 m to the right of the
fixed end and a downward uniform vertical load equal to 5 kN/m starting at a point 4.5 m from
the fixed end up to the right end of the beam. Which of the following most nearly gives the
maximum bending moment (M)?
a. 21.3 kN-m c. 72.2 kN-m
b. 35.6 kN-m d. 56.8 kN-m

Situation 18-20
A lapped, bolted tension member is shown in the figure. The bolts are 20 mm in diameter and
the holes are 3 mm larger than the bolt diameters. The plates used are A36 steel with Fy = 248
MPa and Fu = 400 MPa.

18. Which of the following most nearly gives the value of P based on the tension on the gross
area?
a. 624.96 kN
b. 674.40 kN
c. 840.00 kN
d. 501.75 kN
19. Which of the following most nearly gives the value of P based on the tension on the net
area?
a. 501.75 kN
b. 624.96 kN
c. 674.40 kN
d. 840.00 kN
20. Which of the following most nearly gives the value of P based on the block shearing?
a. 751.20 kN
b. 712.80 kN
c. 690.25 kN
d. 749.28 kN
Situation 21-22
Two plates each with thickness t = 12 mm are bolted together with 6-22 mm ø bolts forming a
lap connection. Hole diameters are 3mm larger than the bolt diameter. Bolt spacing are as
follows:

21. Which of the following gives the value of P based on shear capacity of the bolts?
a. 1013.76 kN
b. 273.70 kN
c. 592 kN
d. 768 kN
22. Which of the following gives the value of P based on bearing on plates?
a. 1013.76 kN
b. 760.32 kN
c. 592 kN
d. 273.70 kN
Situation 23-25
A staggered bolted connection is shown in the figure. The plates are 12 mm thick and 350 mm
wide. The bolts are 25 mm in diameter. Effective bolt hole is 2 mm larger than the bolt
diameter.
Given:
a = 80mm
b = 40mm
c = 55mm
d = 90mm

23. Which of the following nearly gives the effective net width for the chain 1-2-3?
a. 291.22 mm
b. 279.05 mm
c. 296.30 mm
d. 288.46 mm
24. Which of the following nearly gives the effective net width for the chain 1-2-3-4?
a. 272.62 mm
b. 269.45 mm
c. 260.71 mm
d. 288.46 mm
25. Which of the following nearly gives the critical effective net area?
a. 272.62 mm
b. 269.45 mm
c. 260.71 mm
d. 288.46 mm
Situation 26
Determine the maximum torque that can be applied to a hollow circular steel shaft of 100 mm
outside diameter and 70 mm inside diameter without exceeding a shearing stress of 60 x 106
N/𝑚2 or a twist of 0.5 deg./m. Use G = 83 x 109 N/𝑚2

a. 6, 873 N.m
b. 5, 403 N.m
c. 5, 015 N.m
d. 6, 945 N.m

Situation 27
A solid compound shaft is made of three different materials and is subjected to two applied
torques as shown. Determine the max. shearing stress developed in each material. 𝐺𝑎 =
28 𝐺𝑁/𝑚2, 𝐺𝑠 = 83 𝐺𝑁/𝑚2, 𝐺𝑎 = 28 𝐺𝑁/𝑚2, 𝐺𝑏 = 35 𝐺𝑁/𝑚2

a. 15.65MPa, 15.65MPa, 16.89MPa

b. 18.11MPa, 18.11MPa, 12.73MPa
c. 13.43MPa, 13.43MPa, 10.11MPa
d. 16.89MPa, 16.89MPa, 14.11MPa
Situation 28
A tube 3 mm thick has the elliptical shape shown in the figure. What torque will cause a
shearing stress of 60 MN/m2

a. 6,282 N.m
b. 5,756 N.m
c. 3,181 N.m
d. 1,814 N.m

Situation 29
A tube 3 mm thick has the shape shown in the figure. Find the shearing stress caused by a
torque of 700 N.m if dimension a = 75 mm.

a. 68.45MPa
b. 54.98MPa
c. 64.30MPa
d. 55.7Mpa
Situation 30-31:
The corner column shown is a part of a frame that is braced against sidesway and has K=1.0.
The length of the column is 6m. The column supports girths at its mid height. The girths
which support exterior wall panels, induce a maximum horizontal load of 9kN on the
column in each direction. Use a 36 steel Fy= 250 MPa.

30. Compute the critical slenderness ratio of the column.

a. 34.78 c. 38.47
b. 37.84 d. 43.87

31. Compute the allowable compressive axial stress if axial load is only acting.

a. 133.87 MPa c. 183.37 MPa

b. 178.33 MPa d. 188.77 MPa
Situation 32-33
A column shown having an unsupported height of 4.8m is subjected to an eccentric loads in
both axis. The column is assumed to be pinned at both ends. Bending occurs respect to both
axes. Sidesway is prevented in both directions.

32. Compute the allowable compressive stress for axial loads only.
a. 105.57 MPa c. 95.48 MPa
b. 54.95 MPa d. 89.45 MPa

33. What is the critical buckling load?

a. 1542.1 kN c. 2000 kN
b. 967.8 kN d. 1770.4 kN

Situation 34-36.
Steel railroad rails 10m long are laid with a clearance of 3mm at a temp. Of 15° C. coefficient
of thermal expansion α= 11.7×10-6 m/C°, E = 200000 MPa.
34. Which of the following gives the temp. when the rails will just touch?
a. 40.64° C c. 50.46° C
b. 35.46° C d. 45.64° C

35. Which of the following gives the stress that will be induced in the rails at the temp. if
there no initial clearance?
a. 90 MPa c. 110 MPa
b. 60 MPa d. 130 MPa
36. Which of the following gives the gap between railroad rails at temp. of 30°C?
a. 6.24 mm c. 1.24 mm
b. 10.24 mm d. 4.21 mm

Situation 37
A steel fence wire 3.5 mm in diameter is stretched between rigid end posts with a tension
1338 N when the temperature is 32°C. The proportional limit of the wire is 276 MPa. E =
207,000 Mpa. Compute the temperature drop that could occur without causing a permanent
set in the wire. α = 0.0000117 1/C°.
a. 45.24 C° c. 25.44 C°
b. 44.52 C° d. 24.54 C°

Situation 38-40.
A rigid bar ABC is pinned at A and supported by the cables at point B as shown in the figure.
The rod is pin connected. Diameter of bar is 36 mm. A load P equal to 100 KN is applied at C.
E = 200000 MPa. Coeffient of thermal expansion is 12×10-6 /C°

38. Compute the displacement of C if the temperature rises by 60°C.

a. 4.76 mm c. 7.64 mm
b. 10.76 mm d. 5.76 mm

39. Compute the tensile stress induced by the 100 KN in rod BD.
a. 165 MPa c. 167 MPa
b. 170 MPa d. 176 MPa

40. Compute the load P that the cable at C with a diameter of 16 mm can carry so that it will
not exceed a displacement of B equal to 2 mm Neglect the therma; stress.
a. 114 KN c. 113 KN
b. 111 KN d. 112 KN
Situation 41-43
A 10 m. steel wide flange beams is laterally supported. The width of the web if the beam
is 700 mm and web thickness is 10mm. fy=250 MPa. Section modulus = 540 x 103

41. Which of the following gives the max. value of depth – web thickness ratio for compact
section?
a. 70 < 106.25 c. 72 < 100
b. 60 < 96.25 d. 90 < 150.22

42. Which of the following gives the allowable bending stress?

c. 185 MPa c. 156 MPa
d. 165 MPa d. 100 MPa

43. Which of the following gives the safe uniform load it could support?
e. 4.234 kN/m c. 7.128 kN/m
f. 5.420 kN/m d. 4.321 kN/m

Situation 44-46
A wide flange section is built up from three sections 400 mm x 200 mm welded together
to form the wide flange section.

44. Which of the following gives the shear flow at 100 mm horizontally from one end of the
top flange. The section is subjected to a max. shear 0f 2400 kN?
a. 1.25 MPa c. 1.34 MPa
b. 1.51 MPa d. 1.24 MPa

45. Which of the following gives the maximum shearing stress of the beam?
c. 0.5 MPa c. 0.27 MPa
d. 0.12 MPa d. 0.73 MPa

46. Which of the following gives the section modulus of the beam?
e. 3695 x 103 mm3 c. 3421 x 103 mm3
3 3
f. 2387 x 10 mm d. 1254 x 103 mm3
Situation 47-49:
A closed cylindrical 400mm in diameter and 2.5 mm thick is subjected to an axial
compressive force and uniform internal pressure. The stresses acting on an element of side is
shown in the figure.

47. Find the magnitude of the internal pressure

A. 1.587 Mpa
B. 1.375 Mpa
C. 1.113 Mpa
D. 0.956 Mpa
48. Find the magnitude of the axial force.
A. 136.3 kN
B. 141.4 kN
C. 124.2 kN
D. 110.3 kN
49. What is the maximum shearing stress?
A. 60 MPa
B. 50 Mpa
C. 45 MPa
D. 55 MPa
Situtation 50-52:
An open cylindrical vessel 300mm in diameter and 3 mm thick is subjected to an internal
pressure, p and an axial force, F resulting to the final stress represented by the Mohr’s circle
shown.

50. Determine the magnitude of the internal pressure “p” in MPa.

A. 0.4
B. 0.2
C. 0.8
D. 1.1
51. The magnitude of the axial force “F” in kN.
A. 325
B. 285
C. 311
D. 369
52. The maximum principal stress in MPa.
A.10
B. 110
C. 50
D. 120
SITUATION 53-55
A truck and trailer combination crossing a 12 m. span has axle loads of 10 kN, 20 kN and 30
kN separated respectively by distance of 3 m and 5m.

53. Which of the following gives the distance of the resultant from the 10 kN load?
a. 3m c. 5m
b. 7m d. 2m
54. Which of the following gives the maximum moment of the beam?
a. 104.15 kN.m c. 101 kN.m
b. 123.1 kN.m d. 115.3 kN.m
55. Which of the following gives the maximum shear developed in the span?
a. 30 kN c. 35 kN
b. 20 kN d. 45 kN
SITUATION 56-58
A truck with axle loads of 40 kN and 60 kN on a wheel base of 5 meter rolls across a 10 meter
span.

56. Which of the following gives the maximum bending moment?

a. 160 kN.m c. 145 kN.m
b. 150 kN.m d. 130 kN.m

57. Which of the following gives the maximum shearing force?

a. 40 kN c. 60 kN
b. 80 kN d. 50 kN

58. Which of the following gives the location of the 40 kN from the left support when
maximum moment occurs?
a. 5m c. 6 m
b. 4m d. 9 m
Situation 59-61.
A W12 x 72 is used as a column to carry an axial load P. the
column has a fixed support at the bottom and hinged at the top.
The column has an unsupported height of 4.6 m. using A36 steel
with Fy = 248 MPa. Es = 200 000 MPa.
Properties of W 12 x 72
A= 13677.40 mm2 Iy =81.17 x 106 mm4
d= 311.15 mm Sx=1597.74 x 106 mm3
bf = 305.82 mm Sy=530.94 x 106 mm3
tf = 17.04 mm rx = 134.87 mm
tw = 10.92 mm ry = 77.22 mm
Ix = 248.5 x 106 mm4

59. What is the recommended value of the slenderness ratio?

a. 47.66 MPa c. 74.66 MPa
b. 46.67 MPa d. 66.47 MPa

60. What is the allowable compressive stress?

a. 126.17 MPa c. 127.95 MPa
b. 129. 75 MPa d. 127.16 MPa

61. Which of the following is the allowable axial load P?

a. 1650 kN c. 1850 kN
b. 1750 kN d. 1950 kN

Situation 62-64.
A W 14 x 84 section is used as a hinged-end column to support a column
load of 1200kN. Fy= 450 MPa, E= 200 000 MPa.
Properties of W 14 x 84
A = 15935 mm2 rx = 155.7 mm ry = 76.71 mm
62. What is the actual stress, fa ?
a. 93.66 MPa c. 117.40 MPa
b. 75.31 MPa d. 116.94 MPa
𝐾𝐿
63. If 𝑟 = 93.66, which of the following is the allowable bending stress?
a.93.66 MPa c. 117.40 MPa
b. 75.31 MPa d. 116.94 MPa
64. What is the maximum length of the column section?
a. 5.98 m c. 7.98 m
b. 6.87 m d. 8.97 m
65. A wood-stave penstock of 1.8-m diameter is wrapped with steel hoops and subjected to a
fluid pressure of 380 kPa. If the allowable tension in the hoops is 42.4 kN. What is the
maximum hoops spacing in millimeters?
a. 158 c. 137
b. 112 d. 124
66. A spherical pressure vessel 400-mm in diameter has a uniform thickness of 6mm. The
vessel contains gas under a pressure of 8000 Kpa. If the ultimate tensile stress of the material
is 420 Mpa, what is the factor of safety w/ respect to tensile failure?

a. 3.15 c. 2.15
b. 3.55 d. 2.55
67. A thin walled cylindrical shell has an internal diameter of 2m and is fabricated from
plates 20mm thick. The tensile strength of the plates is 400 N/mm^2.The factor of safety is 6,
Young’s modulus is 200000 N/𝑚𝑚2 and Poisson’s Ratio is 0.3. Calculate the safe pressure in
the shell?

a. 0.33 N/𝑚𝑚2 c. 1.33 N/𝒎𝒎𝟐

b. 3.33 N/𝑚𝑚2 d. none in the list
Situation 68-70:
A cylindrical tank with hemispherical heads is constructed of steel sections that are welded
circumferentially. The tank diameter is 1.25 m. and the wall thickness is 22 mm. If the
internal pressure is 1750 Kpa.

68. Determine the max. tensile stress in the cylindrical part of the tank. Ans. 49.7
69. Determine the max. shear stress in the cylindrical part of the tank. Ans. 24.9
70. Determine the max. tensile stress in the hemisphere. Ans. 24.9

71. A wood-stave penstock of 1.8-m diameter is wrapped with steel hoops and subjected to a
fluid pressure of 380 kPa. If the allowable tension in the hoops is 42.4 kN. What is the
maximum hoops spacing in millimeters?
c. 158 c. 137
d. 112 d. 124
72. A spherical pressure vessel 400-mm in diameter has a uniform thickness of 6mm. The
vessel contains gas under a pressure of 8000 Kpa. If the ultimate tensile stress of the material
is 420 Mpa, what is the factor of safety w/ respect to tensile failure?

c. 3.15 c. 2.15
d. 3.55 d. 2.55
73. A thin walled cylindrical shell has an internal diameter of 2m and is fabricated from
plates 20mm thick. The tensile strength of the plates is 400 N/mm^2.The factor of safety is 6,
Young’s modulus is 200000 N/𝑚𝑚2 and Poisson’s Ratio is 0.3. Calculate the safe pressure in
the shell?

c. 0.33 N/𝑚𝑚2 c. 1.33 N/𝒎𝒎𝟐

d. 3.33 N/𝑚𝑚2 d. none in the list
Situation 74-76:
A cylindrical tank with hemispherical heads is constructed of steel sections that are welded
circumferentially. The tank diameter is 1.25 m. and the wall thickness is 22 mm. If the
internal pressure is 1750 Kpa.

74. Determine the max. tensile stress in the cylindrical part of the tank. Ans. 49.7
75. Determine the max. shear stress in the cylindrical part of the tank. Ans. 24.9
76. Determine the max. tensile stress in the hemisphere. Ans. 24.9