Sei sulla pagina 1di 5

Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) is a measure of fuel efficiency within a

shaft reciprocating engine. It is the rate of fuel consumption divided by the power produced. It
may also be thought of as power-specific fuel consumption, for this reason. BSFC allows the fuel
efficiency of different reciprocating engines to be directly compared.

Contents
[hide]

• 1 The BSFC calculation (in metric units)

• 2 The relationship between BSFC numbers and efficiency

• 3 The use of BSFC numbers as operating values and as a cycle average statistic

• 4 The significance of BSFC numbers for engine design and class

• 5 Typical values of BSFC for shaft engines

• 6 See also

• 7 References

• 8 External links

[edit]The BSFC calculation (in metric units)

To calculate this rate, use the formula


Where:

r is the fuel consumption rate in grams per second (g·s-1)


P is the power produced in watts where P = τω

ω is the engine speed in radians per second (rad·s-1)


τ is the engine torque in newton meters (N·m)
The resulting units of BSFC are grams per joule (g·J−1)

Commonly BSFC is expressed in units of grams per kilowatt-hour (g/(kW·h)). The


conversion factor is as follows:

BSFC [g/(kW·h)] = BSFC [g/J]×(3.6×106)

The conversion between metric and imperial units is:

BSFC [g/(kW·h)] = BSFC [lb/(hp·h)]×608.277


BSFC [lb/(hp·h)] = BSFC [g/(kW·h)]×0.001644
[edit]The
relationship between BSFC numbers
and efficiency
To calculate the actual efficiency of an engine requires the energy
density of the fuel being used.

Different fuels have different energy densities defined by the fuels


heating value. The lower heating value LHV is used for internal
combustion engines efficiency calculations because the heat at
temperatures below 150 °C (300 °F) cannot be put to use.

Some examples of lower heating values for vehicle fuels are:

Certification gasoline = 18640 BTU/lb = 0.01204 kW·h/g


Regular gasoline = 18917 BTU/lb = 0.0122225 kW·h/g
Diesel fuel = 18500 BTU/lb = 0.0119531 kW·h/g

Thus a diesel engine's efficiency = 1/(BSFC*0.0119531)

and a gasoline engine's efficiency = 1/(BSFC*0.0122225)

[edit]Theuse of BSFC numbers as


operating values and as a cycle average
statistic

BSFC [g/(kW·h)] map

Any engine will have different BSFC values at different speeds


and loads. For example, a reciprocating engine achieves
maximum efficiency when the intake air is unthrottled and the
engine is running near its torque peak. However, the numbers
often reported for a particular engine are a fuel economy cycle
average statistic. For example, the cycle average value of BSFC
for a gasoline engine is 322 g/(kW·h), translating to an efficiency
of 25%. However, efficiency for that engine can be lower or
higher than this average statistic depending on the operating
condition. In the case of a production gasoline engine, the most
efficient BSFC is approximately 225 g/(kW·h), which is
equivalent to a thermodynamic efficiency of 36%.
A fuel island plot of a diesel engine BSFC is shown. The sweet
spot at 206 BSFC has 40.6% efficiency.

[edit]The
significance of BSFC numbers for
engine design and class
The beauty of BSFC numbers is that they remain similar over a
wide range of engine sizes. These numbers only change for
different engine designs and compression ratios. For example, a
small one cylinder 50 cc four-stroke and a large V8 engine can
both have the same BSFC number. However, engines of
different classes like diesels and gasoline engines will have very
different BSFC numbers.

[edit]Typical values of BSFC for shaft


engines
The following table gives the minimum specific fuel consumption
of several types of engine. For comparison, the theoretical work
that can be derived from burning octane (C8H18) (based on
change inGibbs free energy going to gaseous H2O and CO2) is
45.7 MJ/kg, corresponding to 79 g/(kW·h).

SFC in SFC in g/ Energy


Power date Engine type
lb/(hp·h) (kW·h) efficiency

360 to
Turbo-prop 0.8 17 to 23%
490

Otto cycle Gasoline .45 to .37 273 to 30 to 36%


Engines 227

Diesel
209 to
engine Turbocharged .34 to .30 40 to 47%
178
Diesels

Wright R-
2000 k 3350 gasoline-
1945 0.4 243 33.7%
W compound airplane
engine

Toyota Prius THS II


57 kW 225 37%
engine only [1]

REVETEC X4
68 kW 2008 Gasoline aircraft/auto 212 38.6%
engine[2]

Junkers Jumo
550 kW 1931 204 Turbocharged 210 39.8%
Diesel

Rolls-Royce MT30 turb


36 MW 210 39.8%
oshaft

2340 k Napier Nomad Diesel-


1949 0.345 210 39.8%
W compound engine

Volkswagen 3.3 V8
165 kW 2000 0.33 205 41.1%
TDI car engine

General Electric
43 MW 42%
LM6000 turboshaft

88 kW 1990 Audi 2.5 litre TDI[3] 198 42.5%


Volvo D7E 290 hp
213 kW diesel truck engine[citation 188 44.8%
needed]

Wärtsilä-Sulzer
80 MW 1998 RTA96-C two-stroke 163 51.7%
marine engine

MAN B&W
Diesel S80ME-C Mk7
23 MW 155
two-stroke marine
engine [4]

Potrebbero piacerti anche