STUDENT COUNCIL: A DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACH

TO EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT

By:

Basilisa Sotto Abenes-Estrope

October 2011
 Abstract

Objectives:

The primary goal of this study is to analyzed the student councils of selected colleges
and universities of Bulacan; SY 1997 - 1998. The instrument used was devised questionnaire
checklist to gather the data.

Introduction

The formal educational system, being the principal institution mechanism for imparting
knowledge and developing skills, should be given priority attention and support by the
government.

Education is a right and mere privilege. It is therefore the responsibility of the state to
provide quality education at all curriculum levels.

Student organizations enhance democratic process on the campus. Membership and

active participation in student organizations alliances and federations which promote and
protect students’ rights and welfare and/or contribute to national development shall be
guaranteed by the State and School authorities.

Student organization should not be subject to rules and regulations that unduly hamper
their activities and are prejudicial to their activities and interests.

Student council/governments being the representative of the studentry and the highest
expression of student power on the campus should have the right to participate in the
formulation of school policies directly affecting students.

With their democratic rights guaranteed, students can serve as a potent and cogent
force in the country’s nationalist social transformation.

The rights of student to form, assist, or join any campus organization for their
intellectual, moral, cultural, civic, spiritual and political interest shall not be abridged. Pursuant
thereto, the practice of making students sign waiver documents which state that they are not
members of and will not join a specified organization before being allowed to enroll, is
prohibited.

The student council for each school campus should be given recognition by the school,
colleges and universities concerned. It shall have its own set of officers elected in annual
popular elections. Every student council should have the right to determine its policies and
programs on student activities subject to its duly ratified character or constitution and state
policy.

The student council, in coordination with the student affairs office should take charge of
the accreditation of student organizations. The guidelines concerning accreditation shall be
formulated jointly by the student council should oversee the implementation of the different
guidelines and medium in instances of conflicts.

There should be no discrimination in the assignment of school facilities and the granting
of other privileges to student organizations. The school administration should endeavor to
provide, free of charge, a space, hall or building to house the offices of the different student
organizations.

The student council, in case of many decisions unfavorable to the students, may file an
appeal with the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) and Technical Education
and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) and the Commission on Higher Education (CHED),
insofar as the secondary, post secondary technical – vocational and tertiary student respectively
are concerned. (Lagman et al., 1984).

Student Leadership in a university is important for it determines, to a certain degree, the

direction of the vital student activities in the institution. Whether the students will give much
attention to academic work or to worthless acts, will depend to some extend on the type and
quality of student leadership.

It is for this reason that an institution higher learning should channel part of its
educational concerned to the development of the right type of student leadership if it desires
that these activities will lead to the total harmonious development of student personalities.
 We lack student leaders who are ready to fight their high principles in the graceful style
of the late Wennceslao Vinzons. He was unselfish. He was honest. And he did not think of
himself / for his welfare. We miss Vinzons. We have students’ leaders today but we have lost
faith in many of them, with their distorted and contorted views. The pseudo-prophets are ready
to barter their principles with a few peso bills. Such Judas – spirited kind of leadership is not for
us; it is the cradle of corruption in all levels of our society today. (Victor, President UE Student
Council 1980).

The student Council plays a vital role in every educational institution for it serves the
studentry by establishing better relationships with the administration. Conflicts between the
studentry and management are resolved through the student council’s effort bring to the
attention of the school heads matters regarding their needs and problems. Hence, this study
was chosen by the researcher to gain deeper insights into the nature and objectives of the
student council.

Statement of the problem

The main purpose of this research is to analyzed the Student Council in selected colleges and
universities in Bulacan its developmental approaches to Educational Management.

Specifically, it would answer the following problems:

1. What are the objectives, compositions, and qualifications of officers of the student
councils in selected colleges and universities in Bulacan?

2. What are the difficulties encountered by the officers of the student council with
respect to their relationship with the:

2.1. Administration

2.2. Faculty

2.3. Students

2.4. Non-teaching personnel

 3. How are these difficulties overcome by the officers of the student council?

4. How do we compare the degree of the difficulties encountered by the officers of the
student council with the:

4.1. Administration

4.2. Faculty

4.3. Students

4.4. Non-teaching personnel

5. What are the common problems encountered by the management with the student
council?

Hypothesis

There is no significant difference on the difficulties encountered by the officers of the

student council with the:

Administration

Faculty

Students

Non-teaching Personne

Conceptual Framework

This study revolved in the student councils of selected colleges and universities in
Bulacan, their objectives and compositions and the qualifications of their officers. It includes
also the problems they encountered and how these were overcome; the
difficulties encountered by management with the student council officers; and the development
approaches to school management.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 Analyzed
the
Objectives,
Harmonious
compositions,a nd
relationship
qualifications of
among
Students Council
selected
officers.
sectors in the
academic,
 Determine
community
the
difficulties of the
SC with respect to
their relationship
with Improve
administration, school
faculty, students, management
non-teaching,
personnel

 Explore
ways to Quality
overcome such Education
difficulties.

 Identify the
problems
A Paradigm illustrating Student Council, A Development Approach to school management.
 The past decades have experienced monumental changes in all aspects of human life not
only due to rapid strides of science and technology but also because of the actuations of the
youth segment of the different countries of the world. The up surge of youth movements has
been viewed with interest if not alarm, and not less than United Nations Secretary-General U
Thant noted that for the school year 1967-1968 alone, youth protects and demonstrations
occurred in more than fifty countries. (U Thant, 1969 UN Secretary-General October 1969).

Research Methods

Methods and Techniques of the study

Method:

The techniques of organized descriptive study were utilized in this research. There were
100 respondents, 50 student council officers and 50 administrators. All the members of the
student council and the administrators were taken because of their limited number. The
statistical analysis of data included frequency, percentage, ranking and chi-square.

The Research Design

The historic-expository method was used which is any integrated narrative or description
of past events written in a spirit of critical inquiry of truth. (Nevin,1938). The Descriptive survey
or normative approach to the study of conditions, descriptive survey is the description of
phenomena in contrast to ascertaining what cause them and what their value and significance
are. The significance lies in the possibility of investigations the status of conditions at any given
time.
The Research Instrument

The principal tool for data gathering was a devised questionnaire. To further validate the
gathered data, interview and observations were adopted.

This instrument consisted of four parts:

Part I. Difficulties encountered by the student council officers with respect to their
relationships (administrations, faculty, students and non-teaching personnel).

Part II. How to overcome difficulties by the student council.

Part III. (For the management) Structured questionnaire on the common problems
encountered by management with the student council.

Part IV. (Structures questionnaire) Developmental approach of school management.

Said instrument was examined and evaluated by the professors/experts in the field of
research. Upon approval by the adviser final typing was done and photo copies were prepared
ready for distribution among the respondents. Pre-test and pro-test were utilized to validate the
devised questionnaire.

The Setting

The Meycauayan College, Saint Mary’s College of Meycauayan, Colegio de San Pascual
Baylon, Philippine College of Arts and Technology and Bulacan State University chosen as the
venue of the research maybe realized to a certain extent, second the administrators, teachers
and students could benefit from this research. The researcher being a faculty could easily gather
data.
The Respondents

The subjects of this investigation will constitute all the student council officers and
administration of the aforementioned colleges and universities.

Gathering Data

The devised questionnaire was the major tool in gathering data. The survey was
conducted upon approval of the school heads of the colleges and universities concerned. The
researcher solicited the help of the advisers of the student councils for the retrieval
questionnaires. The administrators were requested to answer other questionnaire and retrieval
after a week.

Simple frequency, percentage, ranking, and chi-square will be used in the treatment of
data.

Percentage formula is expressed below:

Frequency

Percentage = total number of cases * 100 %

Or P = N * 100 %

Where P = symbol for percent

F = frequency
 N= number of respondents
Total number of Cases = the total number of respondents

Chi-square

X = (fo – fe)
Fe

Where:

X = Chi-square
Fo = observed frequency
Fe = expected frequency

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of data

This chapter presents the data gathered, its analysis and interpretation. The descriptive
research design was adopted hence cautious analysis an interpretation was done.

Objectives, Compositions and Qualifications of Student Council officers of the selected

Colleges and Universities.

The objectives of student council of the Philippine College of Arts and Technology (PCAT)
are as follows Serve the interests of students in particular and the Filipino people in general,
promotion of the student’s welfare and protection of their rights, promote and uphold
academic freedom, aligns itself with all freedom loving people in their quest for just, free and
democratic society, promote harmonious relationship among students, faculty and
administration, and achieve professional competence ad improve their social and economic
condition.

The Bulacan State University (BSU) Student Council has the following objectives; the
student government is an autonomous, democratic and representative. Autonomous as a
complete control in the planning and implementation of its program of action. Representative
as a composed of duly elected students who will embody the true interest of the studentry.
Democratic as popularity elected by, consults with and taken into consideration the interest of
the studentry.

The Colegio de San Pascual Baylon (CSPB) has the objectives of establishing harmonious
relationship between management and students.

The compositions and qualifications of Student Council of the Philippine College of Arts
and Technology (PCAT), are as follows: President, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer, Auditor,
Business Manager, and Public Relation Officer. Their qualifications are: bonafide student of
PCAT, must be of good moral character and never been subjected to disciplinary action, must
have no failing grades, must be duly enrolled in at least 15 units during the term of office which
they seek, must be at least sophomores. However, freshmen students are permitted to venture
minor positions in other recognized campus organizations.
The Bulacan State University (BSU) has student council composition and qualifications
composed of the President, Vice President, and five councilors, who were the secretary,
treasurer, auditor, business manager and public relation officer. Have at least two consecutive
semesters or one year residence in BSU. Not have been guilty in any disciplinary case or any
activity involving moral turpitude. Every council member shall hold office for one academic year
until a successor has been duly elected qualified and assumed office an
d the effectivity in assuming their office will be three days after the election.
 The compositions and qualifications of Colegio de San Pascual Baylon (CSPB) omposed of
President, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer, Public Relation Officer and Business Manager
with Representative of the First Year to Fourth Year in every degree program.

The objectives of Meycauyan College Student Council are: to defend, promote and look
after the unity of studentry and the Filipino preserve as an active forum for the students’ ideas
and sentiments; uphold the ideas of the college geared towards ensuring a well rounded
intellectual, social, cultural and physical development in every student; develop social
awareness and instill national consciousness among students; unite with the various sectors of
the society in the pursuit of the common interest, particularly in the establishments of just and
humane society; develop a responsible studentry who will put educational opportunity to
optimal use and look after the unity and welfare of the studentry and people; develop a sense
of practice and responsibility among students for the welfare of the society and seek and
engender educational reforms along nationalistic, humanistic and scientific methods for full
development of human potentials; to respond to social realities and to promote academic
freedom.

The compositions and qualifications of Meycauyan College (MC) Student Council are as
follows: President, Vice President, and the five councilors and are representative for every 200
students or less for each department and an additional representatives for every 200 students
in excess of the first 200.
 Table 1
Percentage Distribution of Student Council Officers responses on difficulties encountered with
respect to their relationship with administration, faculty, students, and non-teaching personnel.

A. ADMINISTRATION
f % Rank
1. School policies on student organizations 14 28 4.5
2. Tuition fee increases 31 62 1
3. Request for better laboratories, new library holdings, improved 25 50 3
facilities and equipment
4. Demands for clean and orderly surroundings 14 28 4.5
5. Maintain an organ which is the voice of the students without
the interference of the administration 28 56 2

B. FACULTY

6. Quality education is not attained due to long hours of teaching 12 24 5

7. Miss healthy interaction with teachers because of their working conditions 14 28 4
8. Teachers helplessness to support the student council officers objectives
20 40 1
because of pressure from administration
9. Inability to solicit fresh ideas from the faculty who are look up as an
16 32 3
opinion makers
10. Limited opportunity to be acquainted with every member of the faculty 17 34 2

C. STUDENTS

11. Student council officers demand for the welfare of the studentry
32 64 1
get no solid support
12. Inability of student to clear issues on tuition fee increases which lead to
19 38 4.5
uncontrollable implementation of schools on said increase
13. Conflict of opinions and beliefs with students 27 54 2
14. Rivalry and competition with other students 19 38 4.5
15. Misinterpreted with their goals and objectives 23 46 3
D. NON-TEACHING PERSONNEL

16. Lack their support and sympathy 25 50 1

17. Alienation of their goals and objectives 12 24 4
18. Limited interaction with them 27 54 2
19. Ostracized their actuation 7 14 5
20. Inability to solicit their views on matters affecting student council issues 23 46 3

Their qualifications should have at least two consecutive semesters of one year
residence in M.C, not have been guilty in any disciplinary cause or any activities involving moral
turpitude.

Difficulties encountered by student council with respect to their relationship

(administration)

Table I revealed the following findings: school policies on student organizations got a
frequency of 14 (28%), tuition fee increase rated 31 (62%), request for better laboratories and
equipments obtained 25 (50%), demands for orderly and clean surroundings yielded 14 (28%),
maintain an organ without the interference of the administration obtained 28 (56%).

Based on these data, the difficulty that got the highest percentage and ranked number 1
was on tuition fee increase and maintenance an organ which is the voice of the student ranked
number 2, the lowest were on school policies and demands for clean and orderly surroundings.

It can be gleaned that tuition fee increase had been the perennial and big problem
among students.

(faculty)
 The student council encountered difficulties with the faculty regarding the following
quality education is not attend due to long hours of teaching was rated 12 (24%), miss healthy
interaction with teachers because of their working conditions 14 (28%), teacher’s helplessness
to support the student council officers objectives because of pressure from administration 20
(40%) inability to solicit fresh ideas from the faculty who are look up as opinion makers, 26
(32%), limited opportunity to be acquainted with every member of the faculty.

The results showed that teachers’ helplessness to support the student council officers
objectives because of pressure from administration got the highest rank while quality education
was not attained due to long hours of teaching got the lowest rank.

It seemed that teachers were duty bound to teach but not to engage themselves on
matters pertaining to students and administration affairs. Quality education was given
emphasis.

(students)

On student council’s difficulties encountered with students, the following were the
results: Student council officers demands for the welfare of the studentry got no solid support
was scored 32 (64%), conflict of opinions and beliefs with students was rated 27 (54%),
misinterpreted with their goals and objectives obtained 23 (46%), and inability of the student
council to clear issues on tuition fee increases which leads to uncontrollable implementation of
schools on said increase, rivalry and competition with other student had the same scores 19
(38%).

With the above findings student council officers demands for the welfare of the
studentry get no solid support had the highest percentage and ranked number 1, while inability
of student council to clear issues on tuition fee increase which leads to uncontrollable
implementation of school on said increase and rivalry and competition with other students got
the lowest ranked.
 It seemed that in an educational institution there was always difficulty in getting the
support of the support of the studentry.

(non-teaching personnel)

The student council encountered the following difficulties with non-teaching personnel
with regards to the following: Lack their support and sympathy obtained 25 (50%), alienation of
their goals and objectives yielded 12 (24%), limited interaction with them scored 27 (54%),
ostracized their actuation’s got 7 (14%), and inability to solicit their views on matters affecting
student council issue obtained 23 (46%).

It was noted that, lack support and sympathy had the highest percentage, while
ostracized their actuation was the lowest.

With this, being the non-teaching personnel they may not like to be involved with the
issues of student council officers and wanted to be neutral on matters concerning student
council and management issues.

Table II
 Significant difference of the Student Council with respect to the following

(fo-
fo fe fo-fe (fo-fe)2 F
fe)2
A. ADMINISTRATION

1. School policies on student organizations 14 10 4 16 1.6

2. Tuition fee increases 31 10 21 441 44.1
3. Request for better laboratories, new library holdings, improved 25 10 15 225 22.5
facilities and equipment
4. Demands for clean and orderly surroundings 14 10 4 16 1.6
5. Maintain an organ which is the voice of the students without 28 10 18 324 32.4
the interference of the administration

B. FACULTY

6. Quality education is not attained due to long hours of teaching 12 10 2 4 0.4

7. Miss healthy interaction with teachers because of their working
14 4
conditions 10 16 16
8. Teachers helplessness to support the student council officers 100 10
objectives 20 10 10
because of pressure from administration
9. Inability to solicit fresh ideas from the faculty who are look up as an
opinion 16 6
makers 10 36 36
10. Limited opportunity to be acquainted with every member of the
17 7
faculty 10 49 49

C. STUDENTS

11. Student council officers demand for the welfare of the studentry 32 10 22 484 48.4
get no solid support
12. Inability of student to clear issues on tuition fee increases which
19 9
lead to 10 81 8.1
uncontrollable implementation of schools on said increase
13. Conflict of opinions and beliefs with students 27 10 17 289 28.9
14. Rivalry and competition with other students 19 10 9 81 8.1
15. Misinterpreted with their goals and objectives 23 10 13 169 16.9

D. NON-TEACHING PERSONNEL

16. Lack their support and sympathy 25 10 15 225 22.4

 17. Alienation of their goals and objectives 12 10 2 4 0.4
18. Limited interaction with them 27 10 17 289 28.9
19. Ostracized their actuation 7 10 -3 9 0.9
20. Inability to solicit their views on matters affecting student council
23 13
issues 10 169 16.9

Overcome Difficulties

Table 2 revealed the following results: organize and launch protest actions got the
percentage of 14 (28%), trainings on leadership scored 31 (62%), serve as leaders of students in
their schools obtained 24 (48%), affiliate with strong regional and national organizations scored
18 (36%), seek dialogue concerning issues on tuition fee increase got 25 (50%), solicit the
opinions of the CHED on tuition fee increase yielded 21 (42%), write their demands are request
for due consideration scored 25 (50%), call on assembly 23 (46%), solicit advise from faculty,
knowledgeable of the issue 17 (34%), update their knowledge regarding issues by attending
seminars, symposiums and conferences 34 (68%), obtain local official support 11 (22%),
communicate with varied departments where students need support (e.g. library, guidance,
property 30 (60%), and keep student council office open for student scored 29 (58%).

Based on the data, it revealed that Item No. 11 update their knowledge regarding issues
by attending seminars, symposiums and conference had the highest ranked of 34 (68%), while
the lowest ranked is the Item No. 19, call on assembly of the studentry to discuss issues, with
ranked of 23 (46%).

It was observed that, Student Council officer had been enthusiastic in broadening their
knowledge on matters affecting their growth and development especially on matter affecting
the welfare the studentry’s sake.

Table 2 revealed that the computed chi-square was 293.6 at 19 degree of freedom
(.05 / .01) which is greater than the true value (30.14), thus the HO was rejected. There was a
significant difference regarding the problems encountered by the student council with respect
to their relationships with administration, faculty, student and non-teaching personnel.
Common problems encountered by management

With the Student Council

Table 4 revealed the following findings: Student Council officers are indifferent to tuition
fee increase consultations got a frequency of 15 (30%), Student Council strong influence upon
the studentry rated 14 (28%), local official back up student council officers many demand which
are not met by the administration yielded 16 (38%), they are closed to explanations on the
reasons regarding tuition fee increase 11 (22%), some faculty and non-teaching personnel are at
the back of student council officers 16 (32%), they violate school policies 7 (14%), difficulty in
having meeting with student council officers parents 6 (12%), committed vandalism as outlet of
their.

Table 2, Significant difference on the difficulties encountered by the Student Council with
respect to their administration, faculty, students and non-teaching personnel.

x compiled 0.5 Decision Interpretation

2936 3014 H o is rejected Significant P 0 5

05x- H o is rejected Significant P 0 5

3619

Degree of Freedom

df = (20-1) = 19

.05 X 19 = 30.14
Tactful in answering questions raised got 25 (50%), policies on matters affecting students
welfare are

Overcome Difficulties f % Rank

1. Organize and launch protest actions 14 28 14

2. Attain training on leaderships 31 62 2
3. Serve as leaders of students in their school 24 48 9
4. Affiliate with strong regional and national organizations 18 36 12
5. Seek dialogue concerning issues in tuition fee increase 25 50 7.5
6. Solicit the opinions of the CHED on tuition fee increase 21 42 11
7. Write their demands and request for due consideration 25 50 7.5
8. Consolidating efforts of campus organizations 28 56 5
9. Call on assembly of the studentry to discuss issues 23 46 10
10. Solicit advice from faculty, knowledgeable of the issue 17 34 13
11. Update their knowledge regarding issues by attending 34 68 1
seminars, symposiums and conference
12. Obtain local officials support 11 32 15
13. Communicate with varied departments where students 27 54 6
need support(e.g. Library, guidance office, property etc.
14. Encourage the studentry to make suggestions 30 60 3
15. Keep student council office open for students 29 58 4

Table 4
Common problems encountered by Management with respect to the Student
Council f % Rank

1. Indifference of Student Council officers to tuition fee increase

15 30 3
consultations
2. Student Council strong influence upon the studentry 14 28 4
3. Local officials back up Student Council officers in launching 3 6 10
protest actions
4. Student Council officers may demands which are not 19 38 1
met by the administration
5. They are closed to explanations on the reasons regarding tuition fee
11 22 5.5
increase
6. Some faculty and non-teaching personnel are at the back of Student 16 32 2
Council officers
7. They violate school policies 7 14 7
8. Difficulty in having meeting with Student Council officers parents 6 12 8.5
9. Committed vandalisms outler of their unexpressed thoughts, feelings and 11 22 5.5
Emotion
10. Talk indecent words against the administrators 6 12 8.5

unexpressed thoughts, feelings and emotion 11 (22%), and talk indecent word against the
administration ranked 6 (12%).

Based on the data gathered Item No. 4 got the highest ranked student council many
demands which are not met by the administration 19 (38%), while the lowest ranked is Item No.
3, local officials back up student council officers in launching protest actions (2 or 6%).

Student Council officers seemed to have gotten the sympathy of the faculty members
but less support from the government officials, perhaps student councils had less chance to
channel their problems with said officials.

Developmental Approaches of School Management

 Table 5 yields the following data: “call an assemble of all organizations officers and
present to them the management plans scored 27 (54%), create an atmosphere of cordiality
while having talk with Student Council officers regarding tuition fee increase after each and
every number is duly informed and they are given enough time to discuss among them
regarding the issue 28 (58%), the management adopts diplomatic approach a clarifying issues,
sensitive and

Table 5

Developmental Approaches of School Management

f % Rank
1. Call for an assembly of all organizations 27 54 3
officers and present to them the management plans
2. Create an atmosphere of cordiality while having talk 25 50 5.5
with Student Council officers regarding tuition fee increase
3. Conduct consultation on tuition fee increase after each and 28 56 1.5
every member given enough time to discuss among them
regarding issue
4. The management adopts diplomatic approach in clarifying 25 50 5.5
issues, sensitive and tactful in answering questions that
are raised
5. Policies on a matters affecting students' welfare are formulated 20 40 7.5
and informed the Student Council officers reactions are solicited
and discussed before implementing such
6. Welcome comments and suggestions from Student Council 26 52 4
officers to improve the organizations
7. Know their needs and provide if the school finances warrant like 21 42 9
adequate library holdings, facilities, equipments, laboratories
and students development program
8. Provide a clean and orderly environment conductive to learning 28 56 1.5
9. Listen to Student Council officers complaints, conduct immediate 19 38 10
investigation and just decision is rendered
 10. Support Student Council officers when attending seminars,
workshops, conference to update their learning in regional or 20 40 7.5
national
organizations projects

formulated and informed the student council officers, reactions are solicited and discussed
before implementing such obtained 20 (40%), welcome comments and suggestions from
student council officers to improve the organizations scored 26 (52%), know their needs and
provide if the school finances warrant like adequate library holdings, facilities, equipment,
laboratories and student development conducive to learning scored 28 (56%), listen to student
council officers complaints, conduct immediate investigations and just decision rendered
yielded 19 (38%) and support student council officers when attending seminars, workshops,
conference to update their learning in regional or national organizations projects scored 20
(40%).

Based on the data gathered the highest ranked were given to Item No. 3 and No. 8,
“conduct consultation on tuition fee increase after each and every member is duly unformed
and they are given enough time to discuss among them regarding the issue. Item No. 9, listen to
student council officers complaints, conduct immediate investigation and just decision
rendered”, ranked the lowest.

It could be deducted that the management had been following the consultation
procedure as indicated in the guidelines on tuition fee.

The developmental approach to educational management had been planned in a way

that management and student harmonious relationship are sustained. Nevertheless on matters
regarding student council complaints was given less attention by management as evidence of
the rate given.
 Chapter V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

SUMMARY

This Chapter presents the summary of the results that aimed to answer the specific
problems of the study, the conclusions drawn from the results and the corresponding
recommendations offered.

The main purpose of the study was to analyze the Student Council in slected colleges
and universities in Bulacan it developmental approach to Educational Management.

Specifically, it would answer the following problems:

1. What are the objectives, compositions, and qualifications of officers of the student
council in selected colleges and universities in Bulacan.
2. What are the difficulties encountered by the officers of the student council with
respect to their relationship with the:
2.1 administration
2.2 faculty
2.3 students
2.4 non-teaching personnel
3. Is there significant difference with respect to difficulties encounters by the officers of
the student council with:
3.1 administration
3.2 faculty
3.3 students
3.4 non-teaching personnel
4. How are these difficulties overcome by the officers of the student council?

5. What are the common problems encountered by the management with the student
council?
6. What are the developmental approaches to school management?
 The main instrument used in this study is a questionnaire checklist which was
administered to 100 respondents, 50 student council officers in Bulacan. They
constituted the whole population of the said institutions because their number was
limited. The instrument was validated by adopting the pre-test and post-test
interview and observations were also utilized.

Findings

The data gathered and cautiously analyzed revealed these findings:

1. Generally the objectives of the selected colleges and universities student council
were: to serve the interest of the students protect their rights, uphold academic
freedom, and promote harmonious relationships among the administration, faculty
and students.
1.1 The compositions of the student council officers were President, Vice
President, Secretary, Treasurer, Public Relation Officers, Business Manager
and Representatives of all year level in Philippine College of Arts and
Technology (PCAT) and Colegio de San Pascual Baylon (CSPB) while in
Meycauyan College (MC), Bulacan State University (BSU) and at St. Mary’s
College of Meyacauyan (SMCM), the student council composed of President,
Vice President, and five councilors.

The qualifications are: should be bonafide students of the institutions and has
not yet been violated and convicted of violating the school rules and should have at least
one year residence.

2. The number one difficulty of the student council with the administration was tuition
fee increase, second was the maintenance of an organ which is the voice of the
people without administration interference.
 The number one difficulty of the student with the faculty was teachers’
helplessness to support the student council officers’ objectives because of pressure from
administration. At the least difficulty was quality education was not attained due to long
hours of teaching.

In relation to the students the difficulty encountered was the “student council
officers demands for the welfare of the studentry get no solid support”, got the highest
percentage. Inability of the student council to clear issues on tuition fee increase and rivalry and
competition ranked the lowest.

The student council lacks the support and sympathy of the non-teaching
personnel.

3. Student council officers overcome difficulties by updating their knowledge regarding

issues by attending seminars, symposium and conference.

4. The student council overcomes their difficulties by updating their knowledge

regarding issues on students’ interests by attending seminars, symposiums and
conference.
5. The common problems encountered by management with the student council was
Item No. 4 which was the many demands of student council but cannot be met by
the administration.
6. The developmental approaches of school management to the student council were:
conduct consultation on tuition fee increase after each and every member was duly
informed and were given enough time to discuss among them regarding the issues
ranked number one. However listen to student council officers complaints, and just
decision was rendered the least.

Conclusions

1. As a whole, the objectives of the student council was to protect the interest and
rights the students and promote academic freedom in these institutions.
 The compositions of the student council were the: President, Vice President, five
councilors/ President, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer, Business Manager, Public Officer and
Representatives.

The qualifications are: bonafide students, at least two semester residence and of
good moral character, had not been convicted of violating the school rules.

2. The difficulties encountered by the student council with the administration was on
tuition fee increase. With the faculty was the inability to get their solid support
because of the administration pressure. The student council demands for the
welfare of the student got no sympathy form the non-teaching personnel.
3. There is significant difference regarding the problems encountered by the student
council with respect to their relationship with the administration, faculty, students
and non-teaching personnel.
4. The student council updated their knowledge on matters concerning their welfare
by attending seminars, symposium and conference.
5. The common problem encountered by the administration with the student council
was there were faculty and non-teaching personnel who were backing up the
student council.
6. The administration followed strictly the consultation guidelines on tuition fee
increase.

Recommendations

In the light of the findings and conclusions drawn from the data, the following
recommendations are presented:

1. The student council should implement and follow/uphold their objectives. The
officers should discharge their duties for the welfare of the whole studentry, they
should abide faithfully and honestly the envisioned goals in their constitutions.
2. The student council, management, faculty and non-teaching personnel should
established harmonious relationship and should have close networking settle their
conflicts and attain their envisioned goals.
3. The student council should update the studentry on issues concerning their
interests by calling for an assembly at least once every semester.
4. The management should be humane enough when deciding how much would be
the increase of tuition fee, not too high not too low, just affordable by the poor
students who are striving hard to become worthy members of society.
5. Faculty and non-teaching personnel should be the instrument in settling conflicts
between management and students for a better perspective.
6. Management should be tactful and firm in dealing with the student council but
friendly, cordial and emphatic in their approach to issues concerning students’
interest.