ESP REVIEWER
principles, the values that underpin them
Definition of Terms
1. Participation in social science
refers to different mechanisms for
the public to express opinions - and
ideally exert influence - regarding
political, economic, management or
other social decisions.
2. Volunteerism - enables the people
to acquire life skills and knowledge,
as well as provide a service to
those who need it most.
3. Justice – a moral principle
determining just conduct, upholding
justice of a cause and a quality of
being just, righteous, equitable, or
moral rightness.
4. Social Justice - based on the
concepts of human rights and
equality, and can be defined as "the
way in which human
rights are manifested in the
everyday lives of people at every
level of society".
5. Rights - Rights are those essential
conditions of social life without which
no person can generally realize his
best self. These are the essential
conditions for health of both the
individual and his society.
6. Responsibility - It can be applied
to an individual or implied in the
broader context of societal behavior.
7. Social Development - Social
development is about putting people
at the center of development.
8. Human Rights - Human rights are
the basic rights and freedoms that
belong to every person in the world,
from birth until death.
9. Violence - is a behaviour which is
intended to hurt, injure,
or kill people.
Human rights education is a lifelong
learning process aimed at fostering:
Knowledge and skills — learning about
human rights standards and mechanisms,
as well as acquiring the skills to put them
into practice in daily life;
Values and attitudes — developing values
and reinforcing attitudes which uphold
human rights;
Behaviour and action — encouraging
action to defend and promote human rights
THREE ASPECTS OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Learning about human rights, which
includes providing knowledge and
understanding of human rights norms and
and the mechanisms for their protection;
Learning through human rights, which
includes learning and teaching in a way that
respects the rights of both educators and
learners
Learning for human rights, which includes
empowering persons to enjoy and exercise
their rights and to respect and uphold the
rights of others.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
in 1948, the international community has
come to recognize and promote human
rights and fundamental freedoms through a
vast body of international human rights law.
Rights Based Approach - a conceptual
framework that is normatively based on
international human rights standards and
operationally directed to promoting and
protecting human rights
PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN RIGHTS
 Universality and inalienability –
Entitlement of all people everywhere
that an individual cannot give them
up nor others take them away
 Indivisibility - whether civil, political,
cultural, economic or social, they all
have equal status and cannot be
ranked in hierarchy
 Interdependence and
interrelatedness - the realization of
right to work may depend on the
right to education
 Equality and non-discrimination
 Participation and inclusion-
opportunity, capacity and
competencies to participate in
decision making processes that
have impact on their lives
 Empowerment – development of
competencies of people to claim
their rights
 Accountability and respect for the
rule of law – duty bearers and rights
holders
APPLYING A HUMAN RIGHTS BASED
APPROACH TO EDUCATION
 It promotes social cohesion,
integration and stability
 It builds respect for peace and non-
violent conflict resolution
 It contributes to positive social
transformation
 It produces better outcomes for
economic development

A RIGHTS BASED APPROACH TO
EDUCATION IN PRACTICE
 Teacher training, professional
development and support
 Teaching and learning practices and
processes
 An inclusive curriculum
 Whole school approach to human
rights
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Article I
All human beings are born free and equal in
dignity and rights.
Article 2
Everyone is entitled to all the rights and
freedoms set forth in this Declaration.
Article 3
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and
security of person.
Article 4
No one shall be held in slavery or servitude;
slavery and the slave trade shall be
prohibited in all their forms.
Article 5
No one shall be subjected to torture or to
cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment
or punishment.
Article 6
Everyone has the right to recognition
everywhere as a person before the law.
Article 7
All are equal before the law and are entitled
without any discrimination to equal
protection of the law.
Article 8
Everyone has the right to an effective
remedy by the competent national tribunals
for acts violating the fundamental rights
granted him by the constitution or by law.
Article 9
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary
arrest, detention or exile.
Article 10
Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair
and public hearing by an independent
and impartial tribunal.
Article 11
Everyone charged with a penal offence has
the right to be presumed
innocent until proved guilty according to law
in a public trial.
Article 12
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary
interference with his privacy, family, home
or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his
honour and reputation.
Article 13
1. Everyone has the right to freedom of
movement and residence within the
borders of each State.
2. Everyone has the right to leave any
country.
Article 14
Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy
in other countries asylum from
persecution.
Article 15
Everyone has the right to a nationality.
Article 16
1. Men and women of full age, without any
limitation due to race, nationality
or religion, have the right to marry and to
found a family.
2. Marriage shall be entered into only with
the free and full consent of the
intending spouses.
Article 17
1. Everyone has the right to own property
alone as well as in association with
others.
2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his
property.
Article 18
Everyone has the right to freedom of
thought, conscience and religion
Article 19
Everyone has the right to freedom of
opinion and expression
Article 20
Everyone has the right to freedom of
peaceful assembly and association.
Article 21
1. Everyone has the right to take part in the
government of his country,
directly or through freely chosen
representatives.
2. Everyone has the right to equal access to
public service in his country.
Article 22 destruction of any of the rights and
Everyone, as a member of society, has the freedoms set forth herein.
right to social security and is entitled
to realization.

Article 23
1. Everyone has the right to work, to free
choice of employment, to just and
favourable conditions of work and to
protection against unemployment.
2. Everyone, without any discrimination, has
the right to equal pay for equal
work.
3. Everyone has the right to form and to join
trade unions for the protection of
his interests.

Article 24
Everyone has the right to rest and leisure,
including reasonable limitation of
working hours and periodic holidays with
pay

Article 25
Everyone has the right to a standard of
living adequate for the health and
well-being of himself and of his family.

Article 26
Everyone has the right to education.

Article 27
1. Everyone has the right freely to
participate in the cultural life of the
community
2. Everyone has the right to the protection
of the moral and material interests

Article 28
Everyone is entitled to a social and
international order in which the rights and
freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be
fully realized.

Article 29
1. Everyone has duties to the community in
which alone the free and full
development of his personality is possible.
2. Everyone shall be subject only to such
limitations as are determined by law solely
for the purpose of securing due recognition
and respect for the rights and freedoms of
others and of meeting the just requirements
of morality, public order and the general
welfare in a democratic society.

Article 30
Nothing in this Declaration may be
interpreted as implying for any State, group
or person any right to engage in any activity
or to perform any act aimed at the