Lab Report ​By Anish R

Title:​ Effect of concentration on the rate of chemical reaction.

Research Question:​ To study the relation between the concentration of the reactant
and the rate of reaction.

Aim: ​To investigate how the rate of reaction between Sodium thiosulfate and
Hydrochloric Acid is affected by changing the concentration.

Introduction:​ The reaction proceeds faster at higher concentrations because more

reactant molecules are available and therefore, collisions between reactant molecules
are more likely to happen. In this experiment, we are using sodium thiosulfate
(Na​2​S​2​O​3​) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl) to study the results of the reaction.

Prediction: ​I predict that as the concentration of Sodium Thiosulfate (Na​2​S​2​O​3​)

increases, the length of time for the indicator for the reaction to decreases, because the
increase in concentration of Sodium Thiosulfate will increase the rate of reaction
between Sodium Thiosulfate and Hydrochloric acid particles.

Background:
- The reaction: ​When sodium thiosulfate reacts with Hydrochloric acid, Sulphur is
produced. The Sulfur forms in very small particles and causes the solution to
cloud over and turn it into yellow colour, this causes the indicators to fade and
eventually disappear

Sodium Thiosulfate + Hydrochloric acid → Sulphur + Sodium Chloride + Sulphur dioxide

+ water

Na​2​S​2​O​3 +
​ 2HCl → S + 2NaCl + SO​2 +
​ H​2​O
(aq) (aq) (s) (aq) (g) (l)
Hypothesis:
The higher the concentration, the faster the rate of reaction will be and the time taken to
reach the equilibrium will decrease. A more diluted concentration will have a longer rate
of reaction and a longer time to reach equilibrium.

Apparatus and material required:

- Test tubes
- Beakers
- Stopwatch
- Hydrochloric Acid
- Sodium thiosulfate
- Test tube holder

Safety and Precautions:-

- Handle acid with care while pouring into the test tube.
- Wear rubber hand gloves.
- Wear safety eye glasses.
- Do not inhale directly any fumes coming out of the reaction

Method:
- Set up apparatus for the experiment
- Record the room temperature
- Add the first of the concentration to the flask of Sodium thiosulfate.
- Add 10ml of HCl and start the stopwatch
- Watch the solution as it clouds over.
- Record the time in the results table
- Repeat the above steps for other concentrations of Sodium Thiosulfate.

Data and Results:

Concentration (ml) Time (seconds) Rate of reaction

Beaker A - 30 ml 2 min 17 s = 137 s 0.21 s

Beaker B - 40 ml 1 min 55 s = 115 s 0.34 s

Beaker C - 50 ml 1 min 5 s = 65 s 0.76 s

Conclusion: ​When the concentration of Sodium Thiosulfate was increased, the rate of
reaction increased and the time taken to reach the equilibrium decreased. Therefore,
the rate of reaction is directly proportional to the concentration.