INDIA-STRUCTURE AND

EDUCATIONAL
ADMINISTRATION
Unit iii
 ACADEMIC STRUCTURE

Academic Structure

The common pattern of education (10 + 2 + 3)

Common pattern of education throughout the country,

consisting of primary education, elementary education
ranging from standard I to VIII and divided into primary
and Jr. High School, IX. X as secondary education and XI,
XII as Sr. Sec education
 ACADEMIC STRUCTURE

Na t i o n a l s y s t e m o f e d u c a t i o n h a s a c o m m o n
structure-5+3+3+4 structure, this implies five years of a
'Foundational Stage' that will include three years of pre-
primary and classes 1and 2. It will be followed by three
years of 'Preparatory Stage', three years of middle school and
four years of secondary stage(may be replaced
with10+2+3 )has been accepted in all parts of the country.
 ACADEMIC STRUCTURE

Academic Structure

Other forms of education have also been

developed so as to meet social demand. These
include, among others non-formal education,
open school education, vocational education,
and commercial education etc.
 ACADEMIC STRUCTURE

Organizational Structure

Education is the joint responsibility of States and the

Centre. It has been developed to manage education
at different levels viz. Centre, State, District Block
and at Village level (Panchayat level)
 ACADEMIC STRUCTURE

Organizational Structure
Ministr y of Human Resource Development
(MHRD) is the main governing agency of Govt.
Of India at central level it was renamed from
Ministry of Education in 1985. It is responsible for
all matters of pertaining to education including
overall planning of programmes and providing
guidance for their implementation.
 ACADEMIC STRUCTURE

List of Institutions and organizations which assist and

advice the Central Government
1. Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi
(CBSE)
2. Central Hindi Directorate, New Delhi (Kendriya
Hindi Nirdeshalaya)
3. Central Institute of Indian Languages, Mysore
4. Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages,
Hyderabad (CIEFL)
5. Educational Consultants of India Ltd., New Delhi
6. Kendriya Vidyalava Sansathana, New Delhi (KVS)
 ACADEMIC STRUCTURE
List of Institutions and organizations which assist and advice
the Central Government
7. National Council of Educational Research and Training,
New Delhi (NCERT)
8. National Council of Teacher Education, New Delhi (NCTE)
9. National Institute of Adult Education, New Delhi
10. National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child
Development, New Delhi
11. National Institute of Open Schooling, New Delhi (NIOS)
12. Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti, New Delhi
13. All India Council of Technical Education, New Delhi
(AICTE)
 ACADEMIC STRUCTURE

List of Institutions and organizations which assist and

advice the Central Government
14. University Grants Commission, New Delhi (UGC)
15. National Institute of Educational Planning and
Administration (NIEPA), New Delhi
16. National Sports Authority of India, New Delhi
17. National Literacy Mission, New Delhi
18. Central Advisory Board of Education (CABE) All
India Council of Technical Education, New Delhi
(AICTE)
 Responsibilities of the Central Government in
School Education

To make available free and compulsory

education upto the age of 14, as directed in the
Constitution.
Equalization of educational opportunities with
special reference to the reduction of inter-
state differences and the advancement of the
weaker sections of the society.
To make arrangements for the provision of
scholarships to the needy and competent
students. . 

Responsibilities of the Central Government in
School Education

To promote vocationalization of secondary

education in all States.
To improve standards of education at school
stage.
To improve the status of teachers and
organize teacher education programmes. 

Responsibilities


of the Central Government in
School Education
To facilitate and organize non-formal education
programme.
To facilitate and organize open school education
programme in all parts of the country.
To promote educational research in the country.
To promote and organize special education
programme.
To provide assistance to States, local bodies, and non-
governmental organization for development of
education, and
To provide guidance wherever required.
TYPES OF SCHOOL ENTERPRISES IN INDIA
Structure of education at state level
Responsibilities of the State Government
regarding School Education

(1) To establish and maintain educational '

institutions.
(2) To recognize for the establishment of schools.
(3) To provide grants to schools managed by|
private governing bodies.
(4) To pass laws for different types of school
education.
(5) To supervise school through DEO's and
Supervisors at Block level.
Responsibilities of the State Government
regarding School Education

(6) To recruit and place teachers in schools.

(7) To prescribe the syllabus and supply books.
(8) To establish school boards to conduct
examinations.
(9) To provide special assistance to poor and
backward students.
(10) To organize training programmes for
teachers and supervisors.
EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION

Ministry for Education

The union government and the state

government together are responsible for the
development of education in the country.
Hence separate ministries are formed for
smooth functioning of the departments.
 EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION

Central Ministry

On 26th Sept. 1985 the government of India created a

new ministry in the name of Ministry of Human Resource
Development. This ministry is responsible for
educational development of the country. The ministry
has two departments viz. Department of School
Education and Literacy and Department of Higher
Education.
EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION

Central Ministry

The ministry is headed by a cabinet minister called

HRD minister followed by two state ministers, one
for Higher Education and other for School Education
and Literacy. Again a number of secretaries are also
appointed by the ministry for administrative purpose.
 EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION

State Ministries
The ministry for education of a particular state consists
of a cabinet minister followed by a state minister. The
state governments also formulate policies for education.
There is also provision of acts and bills in the state
legislature. These are brought whenever necessary. The
minister is responsible to present the bill in the State
Legislative Assembly for receiving grants and aids.
EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION

Statutory Councils and Apex Bodies

The councils or apex bodies are either established

by the state governments or by the central
government. They are responsible for recognition of
courses, promotion of professional institutions and
providing grants to undergraduate and post graduate
programmes and various awards.
EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION

Statutory Councils and Apex Bodies

•AllIndia Council for TechnicalEducation (AICTE)

•IndianCouncil for Agriculture Research (ICAR)

•NationalCouncil for Teacher Education (NCTE)

•RehabilitationCouncil of India (RCI)

•MedicalCouncil of India (MCI)

EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION

Statutory Councils and Apex Bodies

•DentistCouncil of India (DCI)

•CentralCouncil of Homeopathy (CCH)

•CentralCouncil of Indian Medicine (CCIM) etc.

•IndianNursing Council (INC)

MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATIONAL
ADMINISTRATION IN INDIA

Planning
Planning is an essential component. It is
an useful exercise to be undertaken by
the administrators. It involves systematic,
organised and an articulated scheme of
working. So planning can be thought of
at the beginning of the session.
MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATIONAL
ADMINISTRATION IN INDIA

Organisation
The effective and efficient work of the school depends
upon the good organisation. The essential element of
the organisation is people: what they do and how they
work together. So for good organisation, the
administrator should define the purpose, analyze and
identify tasks required to meet these objectives,
allocate related activities to other staff, provide for
management and coordination of activities at each
level of responsibility and lastly establish a reporting
and communication channel.
MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATIONAL
ADMINISTRATION IN INDIA

Direction
There should be proper supervision, motivation
and communication on the part of the administrator
for getting the work done. The ultimate aim is to
see that work is accomplished according to
policies and programmes and given instructions.
Directing involves exercising leadership, motivating
people, determining accountability and developing
guidelines for action.
 MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATIONAL
ADMINISTRATION IN INDIA

Controlling
Control deals with the difference between planned
and actual performance. So administration is
concerned with managing resources, allocating
tasks, making decisions and solving problems. The
function is to create favourable conditions for the
educational process and their maintenance at an
effective level. For effective organisation, good
administration should involve planning, organizing,
directing, motivating, controlling and decision-
making.