Generalized Josephson Junctions

Outline

1. Junctions with Resistive Channel

2. RCSJ Model
3. DC Current Drive
• Overdamped and Underdamped Junctions
• Return Current
• Dynamical Analysis
4. Pendulum Model

October 16, 2003

Massachusetts Institute of Technology
6.763 2003 Lecture 13
Junctions with Resistive Channel

G(v) the resistive conductance

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

6.763 2003 Lecture 13
Tunneling between two superconductors
Giaever Tunneling

G(v)
S-I-S

Josephson Tunneling

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

6.763 2003 Lecture 13
 Normal and Superconducting Analogy
Superconductor Superconducting Josephson Junction

LJ-1

For a normal junction, the phase is constantly

Normal metal being driven back to zero so linearize near
zero and add a damping time

for dc drive
for dc drive

and and

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

6.763 2003 Lecture 13
 ICRn Product
The condition is equivalent to

Experimentally, For Nb at 2K,

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

6.763 2003 Lecture 13
Capacitance of a Josephson Junction

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

6.763 2003 Lecture 13
 Generalized Josephson Junction

and

Therefore,

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

6.763 2003 Lecture 13
 RCSJ Model
i

and

Therefore,

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

6.763 2003 Lecture 13
 DC Current drive in the RSCJ Model

and

Therefore,

The equation of motion can be rewritten as

where

Josephson Time Constant Stewart-McCumber Parameter Q2

Massachusetts Institute of Technology
6.763 2003 Lecture 13
 Overdamped Junction βc << 1
τJ >> τRC

A. Static Solution:

B. Dynamical Solution for i > Ic

This is periodic with period

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

6.763 2003 Lecture 13
 Overdamped Junction βc << 1
The time averaged voltage is
i/Ic

Use the voltage-phase relation,

<v>/(IcR)
v(t)/IcR
Therefore,

Non-hysteretic
t
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
6.763 2003 Lecture 13
 Underdamped Junction βc >> 1
τRC >> τJ

A. Static Solution:

B. Dynamical Solution

The phase changes

quickly compared to
RC, so the voltage is
just from R and C.
Therefore,
<v(t)> i R

Hysteretic
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
6.763 2003 Lecture 13
 Junction with arbitrary βc

A. Static Solution:

B. Dynamical Solution Return Current

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

6.763 2003 Lecture 13
 Return Current
Energy Loss per cycle = Energy supplied by sourc

where V= IR and τ = Φ0 / (2 π I R), therefore

So that

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6.763 2003 Lecture 13
 Dynamical Analysis

where and

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

6.763 2003 Lecture 13
 βc = 4
V(t)
A A
i/IC
Β φ(t)
C
V(φ)

<V>/ICR
Β C
V(t) V(t)

M(t) φ(t)

V(φ) V(φ)

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

6.763 2003 Lecture 13
 βc =0.5
A A
V(t)
B
i/ICC
φ(t)

<V>/ICR
C
V(t)
V(t)
B

φ(t) φ(t)

V(φ) V(φ)

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

6.763 2003 Lecture 13
 Pendulum Model for a Josephson Junction

τapp
+
l
Iapp R C

Icsinϕ ϕ
-

mg

• Single junction (RCSJ model) pendulum (damped)

• Coupled junctions – can support non-linear excitations (breathers and
moving vortices)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
6.763 2003 Lecture 13
Pendulum Model for a vortex

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

6.763 2003 Lecture 13