iv

Table of Contents

Page

Title Page

Certificate of Originality

Approval Sheet

Acknowledgement

Dedication

Table of Contents

List of Table

List of Figure

Abstract

Chapter

1 The Problem

Introduction

Conceptual Framework

Statement of the Problem

Null Hypothesis

Delimitation of Study

Significance of the Study

Definition of Terms

2 Review of Related Literature

3 The Methodology

Research Local
iv

Respondents of the Study

Research Design

Sampling Procedures

Research Instruments

Data Gathering Procedures

Scoring Procedure

Statistical Treatment of Data

4 Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

Level of Utilization of Comprehension Strategies of Social
Studies Teachers in Bukidnon Association of Catholic
Schools (BUACS) in Terms of Summarization, Vocabulary
Development, Comparing and Contrasting, and Guided Reading

Academic Achievement of Studies in Social Studies in

Bukidnon Association of Catholic Schools (BUACS)

Correlation Analysis between Utilization of Comprehension

Strategies of Social Teachers and the Students’
Academic Achievement in Social Studies

5 Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendations

Summary

Conclusions

Recommendations

Bibliography

APPENDICES

Appendix A Questionnaire

Appendix B Letter to the BUACS Superintendent

iv

Appendix C Letter to the Principal

Tabulated Data
iv

“DESIGN FOR A SUSTAINABLE SANITARY PORTABLE TOILET FOR

EVACAUTION CENTERS”

Submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

Barrete, Ethel Diane N.

Celebran, Leivince Dave V.

Gallarde, Ramhel R.

Hadji Omar, Rushdi P.

Arocha, Carl Joshua P.

Gonzales, Jomar

DECEMBER 2019
iv

“DESIGN FOR A SUSTAINABLE SANITARY PORTABLE TOILET FOR

EVACAUTION CENTERS”

A Thesis Presentation

to the faculty of the

San Isidro College

City of Malaybalay

In Partial Fulfillment

of the requirements for the Degree of

Bachelor of Science

Major in Civil Engineering

By:

Barrete, Ethel Diane N.

Celebran, Leivince Dave V.

Gallarde, Ramhel R.

Hadji Omar, Rushdi P.

Arocha, Carl Joshua P.

Gonzales, Jomar

Dec 2019
iv

San Isidro College

City of Malaybalay, Bukidnon

School of Engineering

CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that this thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the

award of any degree in any college or university. To the best of the researchers’

knowledge and belief, this thesis contains no material previously published or written by

another person except when due reference is made in the text of this thesis.

Barrete, Ethel Diane N.

Celebran, Leivince Dave V.

Gallarde, Ramhel R.

Hadji Omar, Rushdi P.

Arocha, Carl Joshua P.

Gonzales, Jomar
iv

San Isidro College

City of Malaybalay, Bukidnon
School of Engineering

APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis of Ethel Diane N, Barrete, Leivince Dave V. Celebran, Ramhel R. Gallarde,

Rushdi P. Hadji Omar, Carl Joshua P. Arocha, and Jomar Gonzales entitled “DESIGN

FOR A SUSTAINABLE SANITARY PORTABLE TOILET FOR EVACAUTION

CENTERS” is submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree: BACHELOR

OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING in the school of Engineering of San Isidro

College, Malaybalay City, has been approved by the Student Research Advisory

Committee.

Engr. James C. Neo, M.Eng’g.

Chairperson

Engr. Mae Grace Demerin, M.Eng’g.

Member

Engr. Carlos Emmanuel D. Garcia

Member

Engr. Carlos Emmanuel D. Garcia

Thesis Adviser

Engr. James C. Neo, M.Eng’g.

Program Head, School of Engineering
iii

This work is humbly dedicated to

Barrete Family
Celebran Family
Gallarde Family
Hadji Omar Family
Arocha Family
Gonzales Family
iii

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

There were many individuals who became instrumental and exceedingly played

important roles during my efforts to make this research a reality. My deepest appreciation

and gratefulness to the following:

To our adviser Engr. Carlos Emmanuel Garcia as the backbone of our work. He’s

unwavering support and guidance lead us to our success in completing this research . We

are blessed to have him as our adviser.

To our committee Engr. Mae Grace Demerin and Engr. James C. Neo, M.Eng’g.

Their brilliant suggestion and sincere, relevant comments have helped us in perfecting the

contents of this research paper.

To all of us who gave our best hopes and efforts to complete this research, for the

sleepless nights of working together before deadlines, and for all the fun we have had in

the last five years. And to all our friends who believed and never stopped encouraging us,

you were our inspiration.

To our families who never fails us to support with their unending love and

understanding.

Lastly to all of you, who, in one way or another have helped us cross the line in

this academic journey, thank you very much.

iii

ABSTRACT

This study entitled “DESIGN FOR A SUSTAINABLE SANITARY

PORTABLETOILET FOR EVACAUTION CENTERS”.

This study is aim to design a portable toilet. A portable toilet is a toilet that may easily be

moved around. They may be toilets that can be brought on site, such as a festival, concert, or

building site, to quickly provide sanitation services. A major characteristic is that most types do

not require any pre-existing services to be provided on-site, such as sewerage disposal, but are

completely self-contained. The researchers gather information on 3 sectors such as CDRRMO,

Barangay 9 and Barangay San Jose for the toilet sanitation in evacuation centers. Given that

toilet sanitation is a common problem in evacuation centers, the study aims to design a

sustainable sanitary portable toilet for evacuation centers.

iii

Chapter I

The Problem

Introduction

The Philippines has suffered from an inexhaustible number of deadly typhoons,

earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other natural disasters due to its location along the ring of

fire, or typhoon belt – a large Pacific Ocean region where many of the Earth’s volcanic eruptions

and earthquakes occur. Annually, approximately 80 Typhoons develop above the Pacific tropical

waters, of which around 20 enters the Philippine region and six to nine make landfalls, according

to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)

Philippines is in fact the country most hit by tropical storms in the world (Sophie Brown,

2013). In a country visited yearly by typhoons and other calamities, many are displaced and

being temporarily relocated on evacuation centers like office buildings, sports stadiums,

churches, dormitories and community centers. Evacuees are required to share living spaces,

bathrooms and other facilities with others. They may also be exposed to overly crowded

conditions, making them vulnerable to outbreaks of infectious diseases.

With the recent event, in war-torn Marawi City, at least 24 people died from dehydration,

pneumonia and other illnesses, according to the health Secretary Paulyn Ubial (Barcia, 2017).

Nearly 40,000 evacuees were housed in emergency shelter set up in community halls,

gymnasiums and Islamic schools.

iii

Even when buckets of water were supplied for use in flush toilets, some waste ended up

scattered around the bowl. Sanitary conditions deteriorated as a result and raised the dangers of

Norovirus and other types of infection (CDC, 2010). The highly contagious Norovirus can enter

in cruise ships, classrooms, and other crowded spaces, leaving vomiting, diarrhea,

and stomach cramps in its wake. It spreads easily through food and drink and can have a big

impact on people's health. The CDC (Center For Disease Control and Prevention) estimates that

Noroviruses are responsible for more than half of all food-borne disease outbreaks each year.

This study aims to design a sustainable portable and easy to build toilets for evacuation

centers. The design would lessen the use of water especially in the midst of calamity where water

supply is limited for drinking only.

iii

Conceptual Framework

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

A Design for a sustainable portable

toilet for evacuation centers

1. Material Cost
2. Sanitation of toilets
3. Accessibility
iii

Statement of the Problem

The aim of this study is to contribute to the field of sanitary ware design by

pointing to toilets as overlooked alternative solutions especially for reducing water consumption

and also will lessen the number of evacuees getting sick due to unsanitary use of toilet facilities

brought about by high number of evacuees and toilet facility ratio.

Specifically, this study answered the following questions:

1.) What is the design the toilet facilities which will be used in evacuation centers?

2.) What is the evacuation ratio of toilet facilities?

3.) What are the material used in these toilet facilities

4.) Is there a need for a new design in toilet facilities in evacuation centers?

Alternate Hypothesis

The hypothesis was tested at 0.00 level of significance.

There is a significant relationship between the dependent and independent variables.

iii

Delimitation of the study

This study covers the conceptualization of toilet design facilities that would benefit the

evacuees.

Significance of the Study

The results of the study would benefit the following:

For the evacuees, this study would provide comfort in times of calamities and disasters.

Thus improving the sanitation problem in evacuation centers.

For the respondents, the study would provide to be useful and helpful for it will lessen the

problem in handling toilet facilities problems.

For the LGUs, the study would serve as a basis for a cost-effective design of toilets

facilities in evacuation centers.

iii

Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

This chapter presents the review of related literature and studies which have

significant bearing of the study. The review is organized by themes. Insights gained from

the literature, and studies reviewed were also given.

Previous research in the area of public restrooms has revealed that public toilets

are very unsanitary. Greed (2006) reports that it has been demonstrated that in public

toilet settings, the chances of pathogen transmission are very high even in toilets that may

appear to look clean, because complete strangers mix and use the same facilities causing

a high risk of bodily fluid exchange, contamination and organism transmission. Dirty

toilets also attract disease-carrying varmints such as flies, lice, mice, and ticks (Greed,

2006). Many people perceive this fact, and change their behavior in public toilet settings.

For example, it has been shown that around 80% of women “hover” over the seat to

urinate in public settings in order to “avoid catch germs” (Greed, 2006). This type of

behavior only magnifies the chances of fluid transmission, because many women do not

put the seat up and thus leave urination residue on the seat top. It has also been shown

that 55% of males like to use their feet to kick up toilet seats if they must use a standard

toilet bowl to urinate (Siu, 2006). This can have the effect of getting dirt on the seat. Even

worse, Siu (2006) reports that 35% of males will not take up the seat when urinating,

causing fluid to easily spray on to the seat. Siu (2006) has also conducted studies that

show that about 70% of people are extremely dissatisfied with public toilet ventilation

systems, and this feeds these behavior changes.

iii

This study is grounded on Water less toilets. Toilets that don't use water for

flushing can have even lower environmental impacts than water-efficient toilets and

wastewater recycling systems. Waterless toilets or ‘dry sanitation’ systems do not use

water to treat or transport human excreta. If appropriately designed, they conserve

precious water resources and keep effluent and pollutants out of waterways and the

general environment. Waterless toilets are a genuine, minimum energy, on-site

alternative to centralized reticulated systems that transport the problem downstream.

They can also reduce the site restrictions, and pollution and nutrient problems, of systems

such as septic tanks. They are often preferable to conventional toilets in environmentally

fragile or water-scarce areas. (Geoff Milne, 2013).

Pit toilets (also referred to as latrines) are a sanitation technology used for onsite

waste management. They consist of a hole in the ground, which may be unlined or lined,

with a reinforcing material to contain human excreta. Depending on its design and

frequency of use, pit toilets can be used for 10 to 30 years, though many are used for

fewer than 5 years before they are full and must be emptied or covered. Pit toilets may

have one pit or alternating twin pits, be unventilated or ventilated, and be adapted for

single families or communal use. Although the fecal sludge contained in the pit

undergoes some degradation with time, a pit toilet is not designed specifically to reduce

pathogen concentrations, but to collect fecal material and limit human and environmental

exposure. However, pathogen reduction can occur within the confines of the pit, in the

surrounding unsaturated soil, or in the surrounding saturated soil (Kevin Oner, 2018)

Residence time in the pit is believed to have the largest impact on pathogen reduction

given the reality of unfavorable temperature and moisture levels existing in the pit. Fecal
iii

sludge from pit toilets in many cases needs to be emptied, and the emptying process can

pose a risk to human health even after long-term storage. Of particular concern is

exposure to helminthes, specifically Ascaris. Because of filtration and adsorption

provided by the soil that surrounds a pit, protozoa and helminthes are much less likely to

contaminate underlying groundwater than bacteria and viruses. However, a lack of

measurements for non-indicator species in the subsurface down gradient of pit toilets, the

uncertainty about pathogen transport due to insufficient data, and the fact that transport of

microorganisms in the subsurface is dependent on many site-specific characteristics

means that care should be taken when co-locating pit toilets and groundwater supply

systems (Collen Naughton, 2018).

The most common type of waterless toilet, the ‘composting toilet’ (CT), has come

a long way from the original pit latrine. The CT doesn’t smell if used and maintained

correctly and can, in fact, be an elegant addition to a modern bathroom. All CTs require a

volume of space under the toilet floor which may necessitate the construction of either a

pit or an elevated platform. They generally work best when kept warm so are ideally

located on the sunny side of a house. (Geoff Milne, 2013). Waterless toilets can produce

fertilizer if sufficient time is allowed and correct treatment conditions have been

maintained. However, seek advice on its end use. The CT often does more than the

process that occurs in your garden compost heap. Decomposition in the holding tank or

container of a CT takes place through a complex biochemical interaction of factors such

as temperature, pH, desiccation and digestion by invertebrates, all taking place over an

extended time period (Leonie Crennan, 2010).

iii

Most composting toilets are installed directly above their waste collection

chambers. Waste is mixed with wood chips, sawdust, or other dry material to soak up

moisture and achieve the ideal carbon-nitrogen ratio. Over time and with the correct

combination of temperature, drainage, aeration, and ventilation, waste breaks down and

drastically decreases in volume. Fully composted human waste can be used in gardens or

combined with an outdoor compost pile. (Green Building Alliance, 2012)

Urine diversion terra preta toilets are dry terra preta sanitation (TPS) systems

based on urine diversion, lacto-fermentation, the addition of charcoal and

vermicomposting to produce lasting and highly fertile soils with properties similar to the

terra preta soils (GENSCH 2010 b).

Pre-Columbian native populations generated terra preta soils, literally “black

earth”, by incorporating large amounts of charred residues (charcoal) either produced

intentionally or as a by-product from human activity into the soil together with nutrient-

rich material (GLASER 2006). Nutrient-rich material was used to be human and animal

manure (rich in P and N), waste including mammal and fish bones (rich in P and Ca), ash

residues of incomplete combustions (rich in Ca, Mg, K, P and charcoal) or plant biomass

(e.g. kitchen wastes, compost, algae etc.) (GLASER 2006). It is the addition of charcoal

resulting in high contents of black carbon, which gives these soils their black appearance

and their unique properties.

Due to its polycyclic aromatic structure, black carbon is chemically and

microbiologically stable and persists in the environment over centuries (GLASER et al.

2001). Over the time, it gets partly oxidized and carboxylic groups are produced on the
iii

edges of the black carbon backbones (GLASER et al. 2001). The carboxylic groups act as

a trap for nutrients in the soil preventing them from being washed out. The nutrients

entrapped in the micro pores and cracks in charcoal provide not only necessary elements

for plant growth, but also food and a safe housing for the protection form gazing protozoa

to beneficial bacteria (O'GRADY & RUSCH 2007).

Therefore, by combining the composting toilet and the TPS(Terra Preta

Sanitation) we are able to come up with a design for portable toilets that is able to sustain

itself without water in evacuation centers where water is scarce.

iii

Chapter 3

The Methodology

This chapter serves as an orientation and explanation of the research methodology

of the study. It further presents the research design, research locale, sampling design,

respondents of the study, research instrument, data gathering procedures and the

statistical tools used to interpret the data.

The Research Locale

The study was conducted among 2 barangays and 1 government sector. Barangay

San Jose and Barangay 9 are places situated near a river bank which is prone to floods. In

recent year these two Barangays have been hit by a flood which then they utilize their

own respective covered court as evacuation center. CDRRMO are the ones responding to

certain calamities thus them having a perspective in evacuation centers.

Respondents of the study

The researcher believed that LGU’s perceptions would accurately assess the

sanitation problem because of toilets in evacuation centers. Thus, the respondents of the

study were government units from certain barangays and offices such as barangays 9 and

San Jose also CDRRMO (City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office). These

government units were the ones managing and responding to evacuation centers.

The Research Design

This study used the Survey research design. In this study the researcher collected

the date through a survey questionnaire on government units. Then, this was described
iii

and determined through quantitative analysis. After having the description, the

independent variable were correlated with the dependent variables to find out whether

there was a significant correlation between that existed between the two variables.

Sampling Procedure

Survey research is done by gathering the government units to answer certain

questions that would help the researchers. It is to assess the sanitation problem because of

toilets in evacuation centers.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher asked permission from certain barangays and government office

OIC’s for the gathering of data. Upon approval, the researcher personally requested the

government units that is responsible in disaster management for the answering the

question. After that, retrieval of questionnaire was followed by coding, recording, and

organizing into tabular form and was subjected to statistical analysis. It was then

discussed, analyzed, and interpreted.

iii

1.64 One-Sample Test

Test Value = 1.64

95% Confidence
Interval of the
Difference
t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference Lower Upper
Ha Q1 26.717 99 .000 1.13000 1.0461 1.2139
Ha Q2 46.945 99 .000 1.28000 1.2259 1.3341
Ha Q3 14.017 99 .000 .61000 .5236 .6964
Ho Q4 -6.301 99 .000 -.30000 -.3945 -.2055
Ho Q5 -6.050 99 .000 -.29000 -.3851 -.1949
Ha Q6 20.402 99 .000 .99000 .8937 1.0863
Ho Q7 -9.694 99 .000 -.41000 -.4939 -.3261
Ha Q8 21.795 99 .000 1.03000 .9362 1.1238
iii

PORTABLE TOILETS IN MARKETS

PRICE: 60, 000PHP

iii

THE EXISTING TOILET IN EVACAUTATION CENTERS

iii

MATERIAL COST ESTIMATES OF THE EXISTING TOILET

DIMENSIONS: 2m x 1.5m

ITEMS Qty COST

CHB 50 pcs 450 pesos
SAND 1.30 cu. m. 845 pesos
CEMENT 15 bags 3,750 pesos
GRAVEL 1.50 cu. m. 975 pesos
STEEL BARS (10mm) 87 bars 14,268 pesos
STEEL BARS (12mm) 90 bars 23,850 pesos
WHITE CEMENT 1 bag 265 pesos
TILES (40cmx40cm) 25 pcs 875 pesos
PVC DOOR
1 set 5,180 pesos
(0.60mx2.10m)
AWNING GLASS
1 set 4,526 pesos
WINDOW (0.60mx0.40m)
WATER CLOSET 1 set 3,900 pesos
RIB TYPE ROOF 4 pcs 2,200 pesos
HARDIFLEX BOARD 4 pcs 1,380 pesos

TOTAL
62,464 pesos
COST
iii

Portable toilet design

Front View

Perspective Front View

Perspective Rear View

iii

Top View

Disposal Drawer
iii

Assembly at evacuation center:

1. Put the compartment on the floor.

2. Insert the flooring for the compartment then bolt.

3. Insert the flooring for the comfort room then bolt.

iii

4. Set up the bowl.

5. Insert the walls.

iii

6. Insert columns then bolt.

7. Put the braces then bolt.

iii

8. Put the truss then bolt.

9. Insert the roofing then bolt.

iii

10. Set up the door.

 iii

MATERIAL COST ESTIMATES OF THE DESIGN

Materials m QTY PRICE TOTAL

Angle Bar 2'' 11.2 1.866666667 2 ₱819.00 ₱1,638.00

Angle Bar 1 1/2" 22.7872 3.797866667 4 ₱534.00 ₱2,136.00
Square Tube 2" 29.6 4.933333333 5 ₱575.00 ₱2,875.00
Flat Bar 1" 7 1.166666667 2 ₱265.00 ₱530.00
Marine Plywood 1/2" x 1.2m x
16.94 5.881944444 ₱1,000.00
2.4m 6 ₱6,000.00
Door PVC 60x180 w/ Knob 1 ₱1,585.00 ₱1,585.00
Paint 1 ₱1,411.00 ₱1,411.00
Roof 2 ₱699.00 ₱1,398.00
Steel Plate (Checkered) 2 ₱4,398.00 ₱8,796.00
Bowl 1 ₱1,154.00 ₱1,154.00
Bolts 24 ₱27.00 ₱648.00
₱28,171.00
LABOR (20% TOTAL MAT. COST) ₱5,634.20
₱33,805.20
iii

Chapter 4

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

This chapter presents the result, analysis, and interpretation of data.

A frequency analysis using SPSS was conducted related to the sustainable

portable toilet for evacuation centers. This includes the officials/facilitators of barangays,

officers/rescuers of evacuees, and residents of calamity prone areas. The number of respondents

having experienced Very Satisfactory is only 26%, for Satisfactory 33.5%, and for Not

Satisfactory 40.5%.

The factors needed for the sanitation of sustainable portable toilet for evacuation centers

were all examined using the SPSS Software. This helps to determine the factors/problems that

affects the sanitation of toilets needed in evacuation centers. By comparing t-critical value (Table

1) to the t-observed value and the significance value of the different questions to the constant

significance value of 5%.

iii

Table 1. T Critical Value

iii

Hypothesis:

Ho: The current design of toilets in evacuation center is satisfactory.

Ha: The current design of toilets in evacuation center is not satisfactory.

Base conditions to determine what hypothesis is to be used for the sustainable portable

toilet for evacuation centers.

Base condition for t-value:

t-critical < t-observed : accept null hypothesis (Ho)

t-critical > t-observed : accept alternative hypothesis (Ha)

Base condition for level of significance:

sig. ≥ 5% : accept null hypothesis (Ho)

sig. ≤ 5% : accept alternative hypothesis (Ho)

Under One-Sample Test, Table 2 & 3 shows the result of the problems of toilets in

evacuation centers. It is determined that the problems are:

 Sanitation of toilets in evacuation centers

 Quantity of toilets

 Accessible toilets

 Disposal of waste
iii

Table 2. One-Sample Test

One-Sample Test

Test Value = 1.64

95% Confidence
Interval of the
Difference
t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference Lower Upper
Ha Q1 26.717 99 .000 1.13000 1.0461 1.2139
Ha Q2 46.945 99 .000 1.28000 1.2259 1.3341
Ha Q3 14.017 99 .000 .61000 .5236 .6964
Ho Q4 -6.301 99 .000 -.30000 -.3945 -.2055
Ho Q5 -6.050 99 .000 -.29000 -.3851 -.1949
Ha Q6 20.402 99 .000 .99000 .8937 1.0863
Ho Q7 -9.694 99 .000 -.41000 -.4939 -.3261
Ha Q8 21.795 99 .000 1.03000 .9362 1.1238
iii

Chapter 5

Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendations

This chapter presents the summary, conclusion, and recommendations drawn from the

results of the study.

Summary Findings

The study assessed the toilet in designated evacuation centers in Barangay San Jose and 9

in its capabilities to handle evacuees in terms of sanitations. Specifically, the study aimed to

determine if there is a need for a new design that caters the sanitation needs in toilets.

A total of 100 people were drawn in from Barangay 9, Barangay San Jose, and

CDRRMMO through simple random sampling as respondents of the study. To gather relevant

information needed for the study, the researcher made a questionnaire that would assess the

toilets. The instrument determines that toilets in evacuation centers are unsatisfactory in terms of

sanitation base on the result of the study.

The following major findings were delineated from the results of the

investigation:

Generally, the sanitation is a major problem in the current design of toilets that is present

in evacuation centers today.

Respondents indicated not satisfactory in response to the sanitation of toilets in

evacuation centers.
iii

Conclusions

In the lights of the findings of the study, the following conclusion are drawn:

The sanitation of toilets present in the evacuation centers are not satisfactory. The health

of the evacuees are at risk due to lack of cleanliness in toilets used at evacuation centers.

Maintenance of sanitation is needed to secure the health of every evacuees in evacuation centers.

Recommendations

Based on the conclusions that have been drawn from the findings, the following

recommendations are offered:

A design of portable toilet that sustains the sanitation for evacuation centers. The portable

toilet design contains TPS, the terra preta sanitation helps to maintain the cleanliness of the toilet

specifically the human waste. By using the design portable toilet, diseases caused by poor

sanitation can be prevented. Evacuees can secure the health and safety of their families. The aim

of sustainable portable toilets for evacuation centers can be achieved.

Future researchers may replicate the study in some content subject areas to see varying

results of comprehension strategies relative to sustainable portable toilets for evacuation centers.
iii

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iii

Appendix A. Questionnaire

San Isidro College

Impalambong, Malaybalay City
School of Engineering

“Sustainable Portable Toilet for Evacuation Centers”

Name: ______________________________________ Date: ____________

Office: ______________________________________

INSTRUCTION: Please check in the box that corresponds your answer on the following
statements. 1-Very Satisfactory 2-Satisfactory 3-Not Satisfactory

A. Ratings

STATEMENTS 1 2 3
1. Cleanliness and sanitation of toilets in evacuation
centers.
2. Enough quantity of toilets to accommodate all
evacuees.
3. Accessible toilets to handicapped person.
4. Disposal of waste. (Human waste)
5. Quality of materials used for toilets in evacuation
centers.
6. Fast-build toilets in evacuation centers.
7. Availability of materials for toilets in areas of
evacuation
centers.
8. Maintenance of toilets in evacuation centers.
iii
iii

Appendix B: Request Approval ( Brgy 9.)

San Isidro College

Impalambong, Malaybalay City
School of Engineering

November 22, 2019

RODRIGO TIMONES
Barangay Captain
BRGY. 9, Malaybalay City, Bukidnon
Sir:
Good Day!
For the fulfillment of our requirements for Civil Engineering Research, we the
engineering students of San Isidro College would like to ask permission to conduct a
survey regarding toilet needs and sanitation in evacuation centers. This survey will be
used for gathering data on our research entitled “Sustainable Portable Toilet for
Evacuation Centers.”
We humbly ask your good office to allow us in conducting the survey, for this could help
us to finish this requirement as compliance for our Research Study and to develop our
knowledge in this area of study.
Your approval will be greatly appreciated.
Thank you and God Bless!
Respectfully Yours,
ETHEL DIANE N. BARRETE
Group Representative

Noted by:
ENGR. JAMES C. NEO
Dean, SIC-SOE
iii

Appendix C: Request Approval ( CDRRMO.)

San Isidro College

Impalambong, Malaybalay City
School of Engineering

November 22, 2019

KENNETH AMIEL M. TAYLOR
CDRRMO – OIC
City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office
BRGY. 9, Market place, Malaybalay City, Bukidnon
Sir:
Good Day!
For the fulfillment of our requirements for Civil Engineering Research, we the
engineering students of San Isidro College would like to ask permission to conduct a
survey regarding toilet needs and sanitation in evacuation centers. This survey will be
used for gathering data on our research entitled “Sustainable Portable Toilet for
Evacuation Centers.”
We humbly ask your good office to allow us in conducting the survey, for this could help
us to finish this requirement as compliance for our Research Study and to develop our
knowledge in this area of study.
Your approval will be greatly appreciated.
Thank you and God Bless!
Respectfully Yours,
ETHEL DIANE N. BARRETE
Group Representative

Noted by:
ENGR. JAMES C. NEO
Dean, SIC-SOE
iii

Appendix D: Request Approval ( San Jose.)

San Isidro College

Impalambong, Malaybalay City
School of Engineering

November 22, 2019

BEBINA M. KEE
Barangay Captain
BRGY. San Jose, Malaybalay City, Bukidnon
Sir:
Good Day!
For the fulfillment of our requirements for Civil Engineering Research, we the
engineering students of San Isidro College would like to ask permission to conduct a
survey regarding toilet needs and sanitation in evacuation centers. This survey will be
used for gathering data on our research entitled “Sustainable Portable Toilet for
Evacuation Centers.”
We humbly ask your good office to allow us in conducting the survey, for this could help
us to finish this requirement as compliance for our Research Study and to develop our
knowledge in this area of study.
Your approval will be greatly appreciated.
Thank you and God Bless!
Respectfully Yours,
ETHEL DIANE N. BARRETE
Group Representative

Noted by:
ENGR. JAMES C. NEO
Dean, SIC-SOE