THERMODYNAMICS

1. A mercury manometer is attached to the side of a nearly full water tank. The reading of the mercury
column is 15.5 inHg gage. Although air on the water maintains the pressure, the other 10-in leg of the
manometer is full of water; for H20, ρ= 62.3 lb/ft3 ; for Hg, ρ= 846 lb/ft3. If the location is at standard
gravity and the temperature of both the water and mercury is 60 deg. F.=, what is the pressure (psia)
in the tank at the level where the manometer is attached? If the tank extends 10 ft below this level,
what is the pressure at this depth? Ans. 21.94, 26.27 psia
2. Steam at a pressure of 150 psia and a temperature of 400 F occupies a volume of 3.223 ft3/lb. a) What
is its density in lb/ft3 and in slugs/ft3? B) Convert the pressure to inHg and ft water (60F) C) Convert
the temperature to R, K and C. Is temperature an intensive or extensive property? Ans. A) 0.31 lb/ft3 ,
0.00965 slugs/ft3 ; B) 306 inHg, 346 ft w ; C) 860 R, 478 K, 204.4 C.
3. A 10-ft diameter by 15-ft height vertical tank is receiving water (ρ= 62.1 lb/ft3) at the rate of 300 gpm
and is discharging through a 6-in. ID line with a constant velocity of 5 fps. At a given instant, the tank
is half full. Find the water level and the mass change in the tank 15 min later. Ans. 3.90 ft. 17,550 lb.
4. The temperature of an ideal gas remains constant while the absolute pressure changes from 103.4
kPaa to 827.2 kPaa. A) If the initial volume is 80 L, what is the final volume? B) For 160 gm of the gas,
determine the change of density expressed as a percentage of the initial density.

5. Sulfur dioxide at a temperature of 204 C occupies a volume of 0.3 m3. A) If the volume is increased to
0.9m3 while the pressure is maintained constant (ideal gas behavior), what is the final temperature in
K? In C? B) If the initial volume is maintained constant and the pressure tripled, what is the final
temperature in K? in C?
6. At 2,068.44 kPaa, 37.8 C, 0.142 m3 of methane have a total mass of 1.82 kg. Using Avogadro’s principle
find the mass of carbon dioxide contained in a 0.85- m3 tank at 2,068.44 kPaa, 37.8 C. Ans. 30 kg

7. A steel company plans on using 17 m3 of O2 in processing one metric ton of steel. If this volume is
measured at 101.325 kPaa at 21 C, what mass of O2 is needed for a 20,000-metric ton/month furnace?
8. For a certain ideal gas, R= 0.277 kJ/ kg-K and k= 1.384. A) What are the values of Cp and Cv? B) What
mass of this gas would occupy a volume of 0.425 m3 at 517.11 kPaa at 26.7 C? C) If 31.65 kJ are
transferred to this gas at constant volume in (B) what are the resulting temperature and pressure?
9. A mixture is formed at 689.48 kPaa, 37.8 C by bringing together these gases—each volume before
mixing measured at 689.48 kPaa, 37.8 C: 3 mol CO2, 2 mol N2, 4.5 mol O2. Find the partial pressures
of the components after mixing.

10. An air mass of 0.454 kg and an unknown mass of CO2 occuply and 85-L tank at 2068.44 kPaa. If the
partial pressure of the CO2 is 344.74 kPaa (ideal gas), determine its mass.
11. The temperature of 4.82 lb of oxygen occupying 8 ft3 is changed from 110 F to 200 F while pressure
remains constant at 115 psia. Determine A) the final volume and B) the change in density expressed
as a percentage of the initial density. C) Now with the pressure varying, but with the volume constant,
determine the final pressure if the absolute temperature is quadrupled.
12. What is the specific volume of a gas at 180 psia and 90 F when its density is 0.0446 lb/ft3 at 14.7 psia,
and 32 F? B) Calculate its gas constant and approximate molecular weight.

13. There are withdrawn 200 ft3 of air measured at 15 psia and 90 F from a 50- ft3 tank containing air
initially at 100 psia and 140 F. What is the pressure of the air remaining in the tank if its temperature
is 130 F?
14. A closed vessel A contains 3 ft3 (Va) of air at Pa=500 psia and a temperature of Ta= 120 F. This vessel
connects with vessel B, which contains an unknown volume of air Vb at 15 psia and 50 F. After the
valve separating the two vessels is opened, the resulting pressure and the temperature are p m= 200
psia and tm= 70 F, respectively. What is the volume Vb?
15. A system consists of two vessels A and B with a connecting valve. The vessel A contains 15 ft 3 of
nitrogen at 220 psia and 110 F. Vessel B contains 2 lb of Nitrogen at 80 psia and 60 F. After the valve
separating the vessels is opened, the resulting equilibrium temperature becomes 90 F. What is the
final pressure pm?

16. A gas initially at p1 = 120 psia and V1= 9.87 ft3 changes state to a point where p2= 40 psia and V2= 23.4
ft3, during which the internal energy decreases 116.6 BTU; Cp = 0.24 BTU/lb-R. Determine a) Cv b) R
c) ΔH.