2. Spread by coitus 5.

Therapeutic Mgmt
3. Assessment a. Oral doxycycline or Tetracycline for
a. Sexually Transmitted Infections a. Signs and Symptoms 7 days
i. Candidiasis i. Vaginal irritation b. Azithromycin single dose
1. Vaginal infection caused by Candida ii. Frothy white or grayish-green 6. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease is a long term
2. Risk Factors vaginal discharge effect
a. Pregnancy iii. Reddened upper vagina with 7. Pregnancy
b. High Estrogen Levels petechiae a. Doxycycline (Vibramycin) is
c. Oral Contraceptives iv. Vulvular itching contraindicated
d. Antibiotic Treatment v. No symptoms for men b. Azithromycin (Zithromax) or
e. Immune Suppression b. Diagnosis Amoxicillin (Amoxi) is used
f. Diabetes Mellitus i. Vaginal discharge examination c. Associated with
3. Assessment 4. TheraeuticMgmt i. Premature rupture of
a. Signs and Symptoms a. Oral metronidazole (Flagyl) membranes
i. Vulvar and vaginal reddening, i. Do not drink alcohol during ii. Preterm Labor
burning and itching treatment iii. Endometritis in Postpartum
ii. White patches on vaginal b. Use of condoms d. Infant effect
walls 5. Pregnancy i. Conjunctivitis
iii. Thick, cream cheese-like a. Associated with: ii. Pneumonia
discharge i. Preterm labor v. Human PapillomaVirus
iv. Pain on coitus or tampon ii. Premature Rupture of 1. Causes fibrous tissue overgrowth (Genital
insertion Membranes Warts)
v. Signs present on other body iii. Postcesarean infection 2. Assessment
sites b. Single-dose Oral Metronidazole a. Large, cauliflower-like lesions
b. Diagnostic Tests iii. Bacterial Vaginosis i. Gangrenous and sloughing in
i. Discharge sample 1. Invasion of Gardnerellavaginalis 7 days
ii. At-home test kit (Vagasil 2. Assessment b. Common in women with multiple
Screening Kit) a. Signs and Symptoms sex partners
1. >5.0 pH suggests i. Milk-white to grayish vaginal 3. Therapeutic Mgmt
bacterial infection discharge with fishlike odor a. Podophyllin (Podofin) for small
2. 4.5 pH suggests a yeast ii. Intense Pruritus growth
infection b. Diagnostic Tests b. Laser therapy, cryocautery or knife
4. Therapeutic Mgmt i. Vaginal discharge microscopic excision for large lesions
a. Vaginal Suppositories examination c. Sitz baths and lidocaine cream
i. Insert at bedtime 3. Therapeutic Mgmt d. Gardasil-vaccine for early teenage
b. Miconazole (Monistat) or a. Oral/Vaginal Metronidazole for 7 girls in 3 doses
Clotrimazole (Lotrimin) days e. Pap tests for more than 1 episodes
c. Oral Fluconazole (Diflucan) 4. Pregnancy of HPV
d. Antifungal creams a. Oral metronidazole/Clindamycin for 4. Pregnancy
5. Health Teachings 7 days a. Lesions Increase in sizing during
a. Wear a sanitary pad during the day b. Associated with: pregnancy
b. Treatment should be continued i. Amniotic Fluid Infections b. Foul vulvar odor if lesion is
until complete ii. Preterm Labor ulcerated and infected
6. Pregnancy iii. Premature Rupture of the c. Podophyllum in contraindicated
a. Urine tested for glucose to Membranes d. Trichloroacetic acid or
determine gestational diabetes iv. Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection bicholoroacetic acid
b. Miconazole (monistat) for 7 days 1. Caused by Chlamydia Trachomatis e. No effect on fetus
c. Oral Fluconazole (Diflucan) single a. Incubation of 1-5 weeks f. Can obstruct birth canal
dose 2. Most common bacterial STI in the US vi. Herpes Genitalis
d. Can cause Thrush in newborn 3. Usually Tested for Gonorrhea as well 1. Caused by Herpesvirushominis type 2
ii. Trichomoniasis 4. Assessment 2. No known cure
1. Caused by Trichomonasvaginalis a. Heavy grayish-white discharge 3. Spread by skin-to-skin contact
a. 4-20 days incubation period b. Vulvar Itching 4. Assessment
 a. Diagnostic tests vii. Hepatitis B & C 1. Syphilis lesion
i. Lesion secretion culture 1. Spread by semen and blood 2. Deep, painless ulcer
b. Signs and Symptoms viii. Gonorrhea 3. Lasts for 6 weeks
i. First contact 1. Transmitted by Neisseria gonorrhoeae iv. Generalized, macular, copper
1. Extensive Primary a. 2-7 day incubation period colored rash appears
Lesions 2. Assessment 1. Fades with or without
2. Pinpoint Vesicles a. Signs and Symptoms treatment
ii. Primary Stage i. Males 2. Affects soles and palms
1. Moist, painful, draining 1. Urethritis 3. Positive serologic test
and open lesions 2. Scarring the tubules- v. Low grade fever
2. Flulike symptoms causes permanent b. Latency period
3. Vaginal lesions causes sterility i. Lasts form few years to
profuse discharge ii. Females several decades
4. Intense pain in contact 1. Slight yellowish vaginal c. Final Stage
iii. Latent Stage discharge i. Destructive neurologic disease
1. Lesions heal 2. Bartholin’s glands are ii. Blindness, paralysis,
2. Virus affects sensory inflamed and painful neurologic deformities,
nerve ganglia 3. Tubal scarring can mental confusion, slurred
3. Active infection during cause sterility speech, lack of coordination
a. Illness b. Diagnostic Tests
b. Prior to i. Females
menstruation 1. Urine culture for
c. Exposure to gonococcal bacillus 4. Assessment
sunlight 2. Vaginal and urethral a. Diagnostic Tests
d. Stress cultures i. Serologic serum tests
c. Diagnostic Tests ii. Males ii. Venereal Disease Research
i. Appearance of lesions 1. Midstream urine Laboratory test
ii. Pap Smear culture iii. Automated regain test
iii. ELISA (Enzyme-linked 3. Often occurs in concurrent with chlamydial iv. Rapid plasma regain test
immunosorbent assay) infection v. Fluorescent treponemal
5. Therapeutic Mgmt 4. Therapeutic Mgmt antibody-absorption test
a. Acyclovir (Zovirax) a. Oral cefixime (Suprax) for 7 days 5. Therapeutic Mgmt
i. topical ointment b. IM Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) with Oral a. Benzathine penicillin G- given IM in
ii. Wear a glove when applying doxycycline (Vibramycin) for 7 days two sites
to client 5. Pregnancy b. Oral erythromycin or tetracycline
b. Sitz baths 3 times a day a. Associated with for 10-15 days
c. Topical Imiquimod (Aldara) or i. Spontaneous miscarriage c. Jarish-Hexhemier reaction
Foscarnet (Foscavir) ii. Preterm birth i. After therapy
d. Valacyclovir (Valtrex) iii. Endometritis in postpartum ii. Destruction of spirochetes
i. preventive measure b. Amoxicillin or azithromycin iii. Hypotension, fever,
ii. Limits disease spread c. Can cause severe eye infection in tachycardia, muscle ache
e. Condoms newborn (Ophthalmianeonatorum) iv. Last for about 24 hrs
6. Associated with cervical cancer ix. Syphilis 6. Pregnancy
7. Pregnancy 1. Systemic disease cause d by a. Associated with
a. Causes congenital infection in Treponemapallidum i. Spontaneous Miscarriage
newborn a. 10-90 days incubation period ii. Preterm labor
b. Can be transmitted to newborn at 2. Transmitted by sexual contact who has a lesion b. Effects on newborn
birth 3. Stages i. Stillbirth
i. Severe systemic infection- a. First Stage ii. Congenital anomalies
FATAL i. Lesion on genitals, mouth, lips iii. Copper colored rash
ii. To avoid, Cesarean birth is or rectal area iv. Bullous lesions on palms and
scheduled ii. Swollen lymph nodes soles
c. Acyclovir or Valacyclovir iii. Chancre v. Severe rhinitis
 vi. Hutchinson’s teeth
1. Poor quality teeth
2. Noticeable on upper
central incisors
vii. Interstitial Keratitis
1. Inflammation of the
cornea
2. Can lead to scarring
and blindness
3. Severe neurologic
symptoms
c. Therapeutic Mgmt for Infant
i. Penicillin
x. Group B Streptococcal Infection
1. Produces few symptoms for nonpregnant
clients
2. Pregnancy
a. Effects on mother
i. UTI infection
ii. Intra-amniotic infection
iii. Preterm birth
iv. Postpartum Endometritis
b. Effects on infant (Placental transfer
or direct contact with organisms)
i. Sever pneumonia
ii. Sepsis
iii. Respiratory Distress syndrome
iv. Meningitis
3. Therapeutic Mgmt
a. Ampicillin
i. IV therapy if woman is <37
weeks pregnant with Rupture
of Membrane
xi. Human Immunodeficiency Virus
1. Carried by semen as well as other body fluids