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QID Question

Mention the types of address depending upon the routing/


1 number of recipients. (Namely Unicast......)

2 What do you mean by Anycast?

What do you mean by Fragmentation & Reassembly related to


3 IP?

4 Mention any three advantages of IPv6 over IPv4.


5 What do you mean by OCLAN?
6 What is the function of MODEM?
7 Splitter acts like a ----- filter
8 What is the expansion of RPR?
9 What do you mean by CPE?
What are the devices needed for a Braodband Connection in
10 Customer premises?
Which cable is used as Transmission medium in DSL Technology
11 for Broadband Connection?
Within which distance should be Customer's Premises located
12 from DSLAM Location to get BB Connection?
13 What type of cable is used to connect LJU to Splitter?
What type of cable is used to connect ADSL MODEM and
14 Computer?
15 What is the speed range supported by FE Port?
16 What is MDF?
17 What is BNG Router?
18 What is the purpose of Splitter?
What are the services supported by BB Connection under DSL
19 Technology?
20 Abbrevation for DSLAM

21 what is UPS

22 What are the types of UPS

23 What is meant by double conversion system UPS


24 What is multi mode system UPS
25 What are 2 types of UPS maintenance
What are the types of DSLAMs available with respect to
26 Capacities?
27 What is the function of DSLAM?

Pasupathy is a Broadband Technician. He needs to select an UPS


for a connection. Which of the following factors must be kept in
mind while selecting the UPS? a. Total load on UPS and number
of hours required for back-up b. Number of hours required for
backup, only c. Number of devices connected, only d. Number of
28 devices connected, and number of hours required for back-up

You want to make sure there is an uninterrupted power supply.


(UPS). Which of the following factors will you take care of to
ensure this? I. Proper connection between mains power supply
& load device II. A device which converts lower DC voltage into
high AC voltage III. A device which can store voltage in batteries
29 a. I only b. I and II c. II and III d. I, II and III

A device operating at 12 volts DC is consuming 400 mA of


current. The power consumption is___________ a. 48 watts b.
30 0.48 watts c. 4.8 watts . d. 48 mW
31 In which topology do RPR TIER II Switches get connected?

You are a Broadband Technician and you have been asked to


relocate the UPS across a room. Which of the following is the
most appropriate way to relocate the UPS? Disconnect mains
power supply and battery, and then move them and re-assemble
Remove the battery and move the UPS Disconnect the main
power supply and move the UPS Complete setup has to be
32 moved, only UPS cannot be relocated

When is it needed to check the functioning of the UPS and if


replacement is required or not? a. While buying a new UPS b.
While the process of UPS installation and domestic power supply
check c. When a request comes from a customer for a new
33 broadband connection d. None of the mentioned.
34 What type of cable is used to connect DP Box and LJU?
How many Pairs of Copper cable is allotted for one customer for
35 BB Connection?
UPS are categorized as Line interactive UPS Standby UPS Online
36 or offline UPS All of the above
37 Which port is allotted for Customers in DSLAM?
Which device you should use to prevent the effect of power
fluctuation in the power supply on your computer and works for
a specific period of time even there is no power SMPS UPS
38 Sample mode power supply None of these
39 What do you mean by Kbps and Mbps?

For UPS location, which of the given right consideration to be


taken? UPS shall be installed in level surface. 2. UPS shall be
installed with sufficient clearance to allow for ventilation 3.
Batteries of the UPS shoud get ventilation of the room a) 1,2, &3
40 b) 1 &3 c) 1 &2 d) 2 & 3

In case of loss of normal power, which of the given should not


happen via the UPS? 1. Battery maintains the DC supply to the
inverter 2. System is shut down if the battery reaches the
discharge state after supplying the power 3. System shutdown is
initiated manually 4. Inverter continues to supply the connected
41 load without interruption
What are the equipments available at Outdoor Section regarding
42 BB Connection?

A 0.8 PF UPS which is rated 100 KVA would support how much of
43 real power load? 1. 50 KW 2. 60 KW 3. 90 KW 4. 80 KW
44 Which Port is used to connect DSLAM and TIER II Switch?

45 What toplogy is used to connect DSLAMs and TIER II Switch?


46 Which Port is used to connect TIER I and TIER II Switch?
47 What is the function of BNG Router?

48 What is corrective maintenance

49 What is preventive maintenance

What is happening in UPS while 1) Utility power goes off 2)


50 Utility power restores ?
51 How the output of a UPS is told?
52 What is meaning of Power factor
53 What is the value of power factor for an UPS

54 explain about the batteries working in UPS


55 Tell me the process for selection of an UPS

56 How fault in a UPS can be identified


57 1. What are the different types of modem configuration?
58 2. Which configuration is a single user mode?
59 3. Which configuration is a multiuser mode?
60 4. What is the VPI and VCI for BB modem configuration?
5. If the ADSL lamp does not glow then what may be the
61 problem?
6. If internet lamp alone not glow then what may be the
62 problem?
63 7. What is the significance of SNR?
8. What are the prerequisite to configure the ADSL BB
64 connection?

65 9. What are the different interfaces available in the modem?


66 10. Acronym of SSID and NAT ?

Scenario: Internet LED glows GREEN but connected PC did not


67 get Internet access. What are the possible issues?

Scenario: PC connected to broadband modem not getting


Internet but a smart phone connected through wireless able to
68 get Internet. Troubleshoot.

Scenario: DSL led glows GREEN, but Internet Led does not glow
69 GREEN. Troubleshoot

70 Scenario: DSL LED is unstable. Troubleshoot


Scenario: DSL Led glows GREEN, Internet Led no indication, could
71 not login to modem. Troubleshoot.

Scenario: Internet is slow in a connected PC than that in a


72 wireless connected smart phone. Troubleshoot.
Answer

Unicast, Broadcast, Multicast, Anycast

Like broadcast and multicast, anycast is a one-to-many routing topology. However,


the data stream is not transmitted to all receivers, just the one which the router
decides is logically closest in the network. Anycast address is an inherent feature of
only IPv6.

IP fragmentation is an Internet Protocol (IP) process that breaks packets into smaller
pieces (fragments), so that the resulting pieces can pass through a link with a
smaller maximum transmission unit (MTU) than the original packet size. The
fragments are reassembled by the receiving host known as reassembly
Larger address space, Better header format, New options for extension, Support for
more security, mobility, Qos, Anycasting
Other City Local Area Network
Modulation and Demodulation
Bandpass Splitter
Resilence Packet Ring
Customer Premises Equipment
1. Landline Instrument 2. Computer 3. ADSL MODEM 4. Splitter 5. LJU (Line Jack
Unit) 6. RJ11 & RJ45 Connectorised Cables

Copper Cable

Within 5.5 Kms from DSLAM Location.


RJ11 Connectorised Cable

RJ45 Connectorised Cable


10 to 100 Mbps.
Main Distribution Frame
Braodband Network Gateway Router
It is used to split the Voice and Data Signals in Customer Premises

Triple Play Services 1. Voice 2. Video 3. Data


Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer

It is Uninterrrupted Power supply An uninterrupted power supply is an electrical


apparatus that provides emergency power to a load when the input power source
or mains power fails
Single-conversion systems Double-conversion systems Multi-mode systems On line
UPS OFF line UPS Line Interactive UPS Standby UPS

These devices convert power twice. First, an input rectifier converts AC power into
DC and feeds it to an output inverter. The output inverter then processes the power
back to AC before sending it on to IT equipment
It has the combined features of both single- and double-conversion technologies. .It
also provides protection from power fluctuation It gives tolerance time for proper
shutdown of computers
1, Corrective Maintenance 2. Preventive Maintenance

960 P /480 P /240 P/ 120 P/ 64 P/ 48 P/ 24 P


It will split the Voice and Data Signals

a. Total load on UPS and number of hours required for back-up

d. I, II and III

c. 4.8 watts
Dual Ring Topology

a) Disconnect mains power supply and battery, and then move them and re-
assemble

a. While buying a new UPS


Drop Cable

Only one pair (Two Wires)

d) all the above


FE ( Fast Ethernet Port)
2) UPS
Kbps - Kilo Bits Per Second Mbps - Mega Bits Per Second

a) 1,2, &3

3. System shutdown is initiated manually

1.DP (Distribution Panel) Box 2. Pillar

4. 80 KW
FE Port ( 10 to 100 Mbps) or GE Port ( 1000 Mbps)

Star Topology
GE Port
AAA Function A- Authentication A- Authorisation A - Accounting
Corrective maintenance is performed as a result of a failure. Corrective
maintenance fixes the problem and gets the unit working again

Preventive maintenance consists of a scheduled list of activities. Performing these


activities keeps the UPS in good working order and helps to prevent failures.

1. While utility power goes off - DC voltage stored in Battery is converted into AC by
Inverter circuit and given to load 2. When utility power restores - Utility power
directly takes the load and charges the drained battery
Out put of the UPS is told in KVA (Kilo Volt Ampere) or KW (Kilo watt)
It is the ratio between the real power and apparent power
For an idle UPS the power factor is less than One (1) it is normally 0.8

A battery is used in a static UPS system to provide reliable emergency dc power


instantaneously to the inverter when the normal power fails or degrades. Of the
many available battery types, the following two basic types are generally used in
static UPS systems, namely, the lead-acid and the nickel-cadmium (ni-cad) batteries.
determining the need for an UPS, determining the purpose(s) of the UPS,
determining the power requirements, selecting the type of UPS, determining if the
safety of the selected UPS is acceptable, determining if the availability of the
selected UPS is acceptable, determining if the selected UPS is maintainable, and
determining if the selected UPS is affordable.

By looking into the Alarm lamps of an UPS, the type of fault can be identified
Bridge mode and router mode
Bridge mode
Router mode (PPPOE)
Virtual path Identifier and Virtual circuit Identifier

Connectivity issues between ADSL modem and DSLAM

Mainly Configuration or AAA problem


SNR should (15 and above) be more to get good throughput or BW

Connectivity, User name & password, configuration , CPE etc.

RJ45 and RJ11


Service set ID and Network Address Translation

1. DHCP not configured, that is modem is not leasing IP address to connected


devices. 2. The cable may have some issue. 3. WiFi access may not be enabled/
password protected/ MAC filtering may have been enabled. 4. The browser setting
(proxy) may be misconfigured.

1. Check the IP address of the PC using CMD window by giving IPCONFIG/ALL


command. 2. LAN interface must have DHCP enabled. 3. PC must get an IP address
(192.168.1.X, in most cases). 4. Give PING 192.168.1.1 command in CMD window, it
should display REPLY FROM 192.168.1.1 if not 5. Check both ends of LAN cable for
LED status at PC and modem end it should be GREEN 6. Check the cable with LAN
cable tester. 7. Verify the cable used is straight cable.

1. Login into the broadband modem using browser (http://192.168.1.1) 2. Check


status of DSL modem, (It must show public IP address, gateway IP address and DNS
address) 3. If not, click DIAGNOSTICS menu, then click TEST option 4. You must see
particularly the test result for AUTHENTICATION, should be PASS, 5. If not, check
the PPOE (VPI,VCI,BB username, password) are properly keyed in.

1. Check all the RJ11 connectors for any rust or dust. 2. Check the Line port/ ADSL
port on modem as well as splitter for rust /dust. 3. Check that the cable from
junction box is directly terminated to Splitter box before any parallel line tapping 4.
Login to modem and check the ADSL statistics (send and received frames) 5. Check
the SNR value, it should be as minimum as 20dbm
1. Check IP address is offered by Modem by giving IPCONFIG/ALL command in CMD
window. 2. Look for Gateway IP address, use that IP address to login to modem
using browser. 3. If modem is not offering any IP address you may see an IP address
start with (169.X.X.X) 4. Try to switch off and switch on the BB modem, observe the
IP address again. 5. If the issue persists, hard reset the modem by reset pin 6. Login
to modem by default IP address (http://192.168.1.1) and configure the modem
afresh.

1. Problem may be with the cable. 2. Check both ends of RJ45 connectors are
properly plugged in to PC and Modem. 3. Check the cable with Ethernet cable
tester for losses. 4. You may also use PING 192.168.1.1 command from CMD
window from PC. You must get TIME < 5ms and LOST =0%, 5. If not change the
cable/ RJ45 connectors and redo the test.
QID Statement Answer
1 IPv6 address is represented as _______ bits 128
Addresses starting with prefix ______ is called as link-local
2 addresses FE80::/64

________________ type of IPv6 address are required for


Neighbor Discovery process and always automatically
3 configuration Link-Local Address
An IPv6 router never forwards _______ address or traffic
4 beyond the link link-local
_________ type of IPv6 address are meaningful/ has scope
5 only in a single site zone. Site-Local Address
6 Site local IPv6 address has a prefix of _____ FEC0::/48
The ____________ determines how the IP address is
7 divided into network and host parts Subnet mask or the CIDR prefix
________________ IP addresses (Static/ Dynamic) are
8 manually assigned. Static

9 IP addresses are assigned dynamically using ____ protocol DHCP


The broadcast address for 192.0.2.0/24 network is
10 __________ 192.0.2.255
IPv6 does not implement broadcast addressing and
11 replaces it with ____________ Multicasting
IPv6 uses the address block with the prefix ________ for
12 multicast applications. FF00::/8
A Globally routable unicast IP address are known ____ IP
13 address. PUBLIC ADDRESS

14 IPv6 can carry a payload of upto _________ (Jumbogram) one octet less than 4 GB

15 __________ protocol is referred as a vehicle to carry data. IP


QID Statement TrueorFalse
1 IP stands for Industrial Protocol 0

2 IPv6 is represented as dotted decimal notation 0


Recent Operating systems include native support
3 for the IPv6 1
In IPv6, site local addresses are equivalent to the
4 IPv4 private address space 1
Private address prefixes may be routed on the
5 public Internet. 0
IP networks may be divided into subnetworks in
6 both IPv4 and IPv6 1
7 Broadcast is also known as one to group 0
8 Anycast is also known as one to one 0
9 Public IP address are unicast addresses 1

10 Static addresses are non changeable addresses 0


11 IPV6 does not have private IP address. 0
Earthing is used to protect you from an electric
12 shock 1
Two types of earthing are System earthing and
13 Equipment earthing 1
Spike electrodes are used where space is not a
14 problem 1
Plate electrodes are used where space is a problem
15 but digging is not a problem 1

Strip electrodes are used where digging beyond


16 2to 3 feet not possible but space is available 1
Nowadays chemical paste is used in between plates
17 for chemical earthing 1
A ring ground is used to protect and equipments
18 from electrical surge 1
19 Mesh earthing is used in sub station 1

Megger is a measuring instrument used for the


measurement of insulation resistance of an
20 electrical system 1

The reason a multimeter cannot measure such


extremely high resistance is because
the measurement is performed with a low voltage
21 (often a 9V battery inside the multimeter). 1
Differences between Ohmic (multi meter)
resistance test and megger testing..With
a multi meter you can test the resistance of a
conductor, with a megger tool you test the quality
22 of your insulation.Main 1

The resistance to earth must be with in limits for


the particular applications.For Telecom equipments
23 it should be < 1 ohm. 1

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