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Essential Questions: Chapter 4 The American Revolution p96

1. How did colonial governments differ from the British model? P99
2. Why did the British decide that the colonists should pay more taxes? P100
3. What new taxes did Parliament require the colonists to pay? P100
4. Why did the colonists believed in the idea of no taxation without representation?
P100
5. What three forms did tax resistance take? P100
6. What three tactics did the colonists use to protest British taxes? P101-2
7. Who were the Patriots? P101
8. Why did some Patriots form the Sons of Liberty? P101
9. What new taxes did the Townsend Acts require the colonists to pay? P102
10. Why did the British crown send troops to Boston? P102
11. How did the colonists react to the Boston Massacre? P103
12. How did the colonists react to the continued tax on tea? P103
13. How did the British government punish Boston over the Boston Tea Party? P104
14. What actions did the First Continental Congress take? P104
15. What three important decisions did the colonists of British America make in
1776? P108
16. Why did General Thomas Gage order British troops to Lexington and Concord?
P108
17. Who were the loyalists? P109
18. What two important decisions did the Second Continental Congress make? P109
19. Why did the loyalists oppose the Patriot cause? P110
20. How did Thomas Paine’s book, Common Sense, swing publish opinion in favor
of American Independence? P111
21. What ideas did Thomas Jefferson express in the Declaration of Independence?
P112 -113
22. What advantages did the British have in the Revolutionary War? P117
23. What mistakes did the British make at Bunker Hill? P117-8
24. What role did Henry Knox play six months after the Battle of Bunker Hill? P118
25. Why did the British misunderstand the conflict against the Patriots? P118
26. Why did the British hire Germen mercenaries, or Hessians? P118
27. What were the strengths of the Patriots? P118
28. Why did General Washington retreat to NJ? P119
29. Why did the Battle of Trenton raise the spirits of the Continentals? P119
30. Why the Battle of Saratoga was considered a great Patriot victory? P120
31. What support did the French and Spanish provide for the Continental Army? P120
32. What challenges did the Continental Army face at Valley Forge in the winter of
1777-1778? P120
33. How did volunteer Baron von Steuben help the Patriots? P120
34. What victories did the British win in the south? P123
35. What two superb leaders frustrated General Cornwallis’ efforts in the South?
P124

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36. Why did General Cornwallis surrender at Yorktown, Virginia? P124
37. What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris? P125
38. What did the Revolutionary War inspire African Americans to do? P127
39. What were the greatest effects of the Revolutionary War? P127