Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Alabel National Science High School
Regional Science High School for Region XII
Alabel, Sarangani Province

IMMERSION WRITTEN OUTPUT

St. Elizabeth Hospital Incorporated

A Written Output Presented to

The Scientific Review Committee
Alabel National Science High School

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For the Subject Immersion

Submitted to:

SHIELA P. BUTIL, Ph.D.

Research Adviser

Submitted by:

VIRLIANE FAITH QUIMSING

Grade 12 – Leptons

March 12, 2018

 ACCOMPLISHMENT REPORT

A. Rationale

The Kto12 Basic Education Program of the Department of Education

envisions globally-competitive and more efficient students through a
performance-based learning. Under the Department of Education Order No.
30, Section 37 entails the Work Immersion course for the new Kto12
Senior High School Curriculum. To fulfill this vision, the Work Immersion
requires 80 hours of work exposure to various accredited institutions
according to the chosen field of study of the students.

As a compliance, the Alabel National Science High School – Senior High

School Department partnered with recognized institution in the fields of
Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics. Anent to this, the 12 th
Grade students immersing in the field of science was divided in two
batches and assigned to three partner institutions accordingly. St.
Elizabeth Hospital Incorporated, as part of this, accepted five senior high
school students opting to take the course Bachelor of Science in Medical
Technology for the first batch of student trainees in the Clinical Laboratory
Department.

B. Expectations

The student trainee expects the following:

1. To be able to observe and/or participate in the procedures being
conducted in the laboratory;
2. To be able to apply the skills and learning acquired in school;
3. To be able to identify the organizational structure of the institution
assigned to; and
4. To be able to describe the nature of the work based from inputs and
knowledge gained during the Immersion period;
 D. Accomplishments

During the Immersion period, the student trainee was able to accomplish
the following:
 Participate and execute tests in the areas of clinical chemistry,
hematology, clinical microscopy, immunnoserology, and
bacteriology with the guide of the staff in the laboratory.
 Apply skills and learning in communicating the work well with the
staff, pathologist, and even to the college interns they work with.
 Demonstrate the ability in performing tasks effectively and showed
volunteerism with any kind of task.
 Acquire insights and realizations that helped them on deciding to
pursue their chosen course;
 Improved and developed the values of commitment, respect,
integrity, compassion, teamwork, perseverance, and excellence in
the work.
The highlights of this Work Immersion includes the experiences of the student
on the different sections in the Clinical Laboratory Department.

 Hematology

My first assignment was in Hematology - chosen through a random

pick. Here, blood samples from patients are studied depending on the
request of their attending physician. From there, a Complete Blood Count
(CBC) is usually conducted while the PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time)/
aPTT (activated Partial Thromboplastin Time) is seldom done. The CBC,
run through the HMX machine, presents the number of Red Blood Cells
(RBCs) or the Erythromycin and the White Blood Cells (WBCs) which
includes the Lymphocytes, Neutrophils, Basophils, Eosinophils, Monocytes,
the Platelet Count and others. The numbers gathered from this test are
compared with a standard value for a normal or abnormal result. If there is
any doubtful or an abnormal result, blood smearing is done and then it is
manually subjected on the microscope for validation of the result. On the
other hand, the PTT/ aPTT identifies the coagulation or the time a blood is
able to clot using a machine called ACL Elite Pro.
 Personally, I was satisfied in this section because I was able to learn more
about human blood. There are prior questions in my mind regarding anemia,
on account of my experience with menstrual hemorrhages which were also
explained to me by an intern. Aside from my learning, I was reassured to
know that they really take time to verify results carefully despite the presence
of the machines who does the work for them. Thus, waiting for your results is
worth it.

 CLinical Microscopy and Parasitology

Urinalysis is the study of urine specimen through analyzing different

elements present in it or the lack of therewith. Before it can undergo any
readings, the specimen should be checked for its physical attributes like color,
quantity, hazy or clear including the presence blood. My staff, Sir Jem had let
me perform fecalysis, semenalysis, and also urinalysis and even let me take a
peek in the microscope. Along with it is the scientific explanation of things and
specially, the needed guidance and precaution.

To sum it up, I'm quite satisfied with what I've learned and experienced in
this section enough to make me yearn for more. From letting me experience
each step, I also understood that I need to earn my title to be able to sign over
all results and to even interpret what is going on with a patient. To be able to
participate here with friendly staff and interns helping me around is already a
privilege. The best thing? I get to experience their work firsthand! This made
me look forward for nothing less tomorrow.

 Blood Bank

I was elated by hearing this section called "Blood Bank". I thought it was
witty but it fits the name just right. Literally, it is a bank for packed blood in all
forms - Packed Red Blood Cells (PRBC), Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP),
Concentrated Platelets, and the Whole Blood. These are usually used for
transfusion to patients in dialysis and for those who undergoes operation.

 Bacteriology
 I had always thought that Bacteriology sounds somewhat sophisticated. It
must be because it is allied with Microbiology – another interesting subject
from the wonders of Science. Opposite to this, what I found out is that the
Bacteriology Section do not only receive urine, stool, and blood specimens
unlike in Clinical Microscopy Section. Every nauseating bodily fluids to swabs
of external surfaces of different things in the hospital are also submitted for
tests in the lab. Of course, a hospital must be able to control threats from
bacteria or parasitic infections such as Tuberculosis and Typhoid as much as
possible. Wherefore, this particular section is set for seclusion to contain
every possible threat to health and ultimately, life itself.

Since the components used here are quite delicate and somewhat
life-threatening, the staff was scrupulous but considerate enough to teach us
and let us try some things whilst being attentive and cautious always. The
highlight in this section here took me to the virtue of patience. One must be
patient to smear the specimen, culture blood or bacteria, even in making your
agar plates, and specially in analyzing the results. I couldn’t have valued how
simply being patient could let you save not only your life but also other
people’s too.

 Histopathology

I don’t intend to have any favorite post from the lab but I would admit
that I enjoyed Histopathology Section the most, so far. It could be because of
the staff, the work we do, the mood, the cold temperature, or it could simply
be the ambience of that specific section in the laboratory. Only if other people
who learns about this would probably take me as a crazy person. Crazy for a
decent question of who would want to hang-out in a lab full tumors, internal
organs, and other human body tissues?

For a first-timer, I usually am asked if I got creeped out of the place nor am I
“grossed out” during this thing also called “gross cutting”. Well, I always say
“You cannot love what you don’t know” in my head and consequently telling
them a confident “No”. Then, it dawned on me that maybe the staff and other
college interns still get creeped out or grossed out with what they experience
here. Thankfully, I was welcomed with a warm smile and a greeting from my
staff, Ma’am Eunice, the Histopathology Section Head.
 Pre/Post Analytical Section and Phlebotomy

This section in the whole clinical laboratory is where the Reception is, or the
Pre-Analytical Section. Patients constantly enter and exit in this room where
some still wait for a while. Aside from accepting samples and specimen, the
medical technologists here also receive bawling, ranting, and complaints from
different people with various attitudes under varying situations.

During my post here, I was allowed to be inside the Phlebotomy even with
patients inside. This enabled me to witness and observe the staff and even some
attitudes of patients young or old. Aside from that, one evident factor I have observed
are the different colors and sizes of the test tube they use. There are purple-capped,
yellow-capped, blue-capped, and other pint-size glass and plastic test tubes. The
staff explained to me that they are used for different functions. For instance, the
purple top test tube contains an additive called the EDTA
(ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) to keep the blood from clotting. In which, both the
Hematology and Blood Bank needs whole blood for their test procedures. If the same
patient requests for both blood typing from the Blood Bank and CBC from
Hematology, they would utilize the single blood sample for both tests given that CBC
comes first. Likewise, the Clinical Chemistry and the Immunoserology which uses
the yellow top test tube. It contains a gel separator that allows the serum from the
whole blood to be separated from the RBC after centrifuge. The pint-size test tube
are intended for babies and toddlers who aren’t able to secrete enough blood yet.

Notwithstanding, my duty in the Reception Area went well. I faced no complaints

and no screaming other than the toddler about to have an extraction. Only some
questions I couldn’t have known the answer and a television to distract myself with.
Still and all, I was able to work on the logbook, check some submitted specimen,
entertain clients, look for and release results and enjoy my work.

 Clinical Chemistry

To be honest, I had a difficulty in memorizing all tests done in this section.

Clinical Chemistry may have the most number of chemical compounds being
tested in a single blood sample. In general, this section includes assessing
kidney function tests, liver function tests, lipid profile, blood sugar electrolytes,
and amylases among others.

The specimens for these tests includes the following: Serum, the most
common specimen obtained from the coagulated blood. The serum contains
electrolytes (sodium, magnesium, calcium, chloride), proteins (albumins,
fibrinogen, and globulins), antigens, antibodies, hormones, and even
microbes; Plasma from whole blood which also contains electrolytes,
proteins, hormones, and glucose; Urine and; Cerebrospinal Spinal Fluid
(CSF) usually analyzed to identify or rule out meningitis albeit very rarely.

 Immunoserology

Immunoserology is the combination of two sciences Immunology and

Serology. Hopkins Medicine defines Immunology as the study of the body's
immune system and its functions and disorders. Meanwhile, Serology is the
study of blood serum. The general work here is to identify antibodies, detect
autoimmune diseases and immunodeficiency disorders, and to investigate
other problems with the immune system. Moreover, to determine organ,
tissue, and fluid compatibility for transplantation.

Discretion is one value I learned in this section. The most confidential and
controversial test is being handled here. One could have already guessed –
the HIV test or the “Pink Test”. Human immunodeficiency virus or HIV is the
cause of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). HIV screening detect
HIV antigen and/or antibodies that are produced in response to an HIV
infection in the blood. As a consolation, I haven’t encountered any positive
results. Though my staff for that post, Sir Jem again, told me that there have
been several confirmed cases recorded in the hospital. I know that these facts
are quite disheartening to know. Still and all, we must not lose hope on
humanity. Do not judge one another too quickly without even hearing their
story. According to Ghandi, “Humanity is like an ocean; if a few drops of the
ocean are dirty, the ocean does not become dirty.” Instead, we should all
unite and help one another. Be more aware, wiser, kinder, and be more
socially active rather than sexually.

D. Values

In order to achieve our personal goals in this immersion period, it was

emphasized in their Core Values that even as student trainees, we should gain
by and always abide the following values: Patient Centeredness, Excellence,
Compassionate Care, Integrity, Teamwork and Collaboration, and the last but
not the least, Dignity and Respect.
E. Challenges
It became a challenge for the student to analyze some high-level principles
and concepts in each section of laboratory for only a day. Aside from the
fact that it requires higher level of knowledge, background or experience on
the duties performed is also necessary for efficiently handling a certain
post in the lab. Consequently, the different time shifting of the staff in the
laboratory demands some adjustments on the student’s approach to the
succeeding staff and occasionally, even the extent of work function given
can be altered. Thus, limiting the hands-on work and exposure.

F. Acknowledgement

Without the help and effort of other people, this group could not have been
able to enjoy or let alone experience this kind of opportunity. Hence, the
members of this group extends their outmost gratefulness and appreciation
to the following persons:

To St. Elizabeth Hospital Inc. along with Sir Ralph Lusañes, RN – the
Human Resource Management Officer, Ma’am Lailyn Diaz, RMT – the
Chief Medical Technologist and the rest of the staff of the Clinical
Laboratory Department for their warm acceptance, patience, and even for
simply extending camaraderie with the members;

To Jorge D. Liansing Jr., the former school principal of Alabel National

Science High School, for the full support, patience, and understanding;

To Sir Maximo Cabanlit, the current school principal of Alabel National

Science High School, for the support and consideration of this particular
subject;

To their corresponding class advisers - Mrs. Arlene Ravelo and Mrs. Lorna
Solo; the subject teachers – Mrs. Carilyn Martin and Cherrie Lou Sumogat;
and especially to Mrs. Shiela Butil, Ph.D., the Head Teacher for the Work
Immersion subject for their outstanding effort for the realization of this
opportunity;

To the student’s parents, Mr. Virgilio Quimsing Jr. And Mrs. Nelia N.
Quimsing - for the sacrifices, financial and moral support, and omnipotent
love to the students; and above all

To our Almighty God for guidance, blessings, and unconditional love during
the entire duration of the activity up to present day.

Prepared by:

VIRLIANE FAITH N. QUIMSING

Work Immersion Student